Download Construction de trames sous contraintes temps réel
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½ & 063 # 5 ' " 5""3 " ( Q " 5#" Q '5" 95#"" 3" '5" ' '" "4/ 3" #' Q " 8" 3" "5 9 '" 5 9 6 "5' " 5 Q 5 65 " 5 3" " 5""3 "4/ 3" #' Q '""5 "= " ' ##" "& 68" 5/ #"'/4 3 > #' 5 @ '""5 "8C ## # "4" " #4 > #' 5& " " 96'6 3 # " + 8" @+ 5 ' 8" 9 6C 3" " 8 4 ' # # @"& 9" #' #/"## ½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pT FFd BFd BBFd Charge réseau totale (%) 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 15 20 25 Charge réseau utile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½ ½ ¾ ¾ &&& ; #8 " 5& "8""5 #4" 94"6# 9 ( @C >4" 9 ' "8 ( " " ' 6" " = "4 94"6# ½ = 95' & >4 " 6"3 ' & @8C >4" "8 ( 1B00A1& ? 3 '#" " "8 5 94"6# 9& " 5#" '"8 " 6 6 ' /#' I39= 39 #8 >/5 " "8 " 55 5& 0 4"6# E '' = 94"6# 9 6"/ ' " " #' "'"8& ? /'5"#" 55 6"" 54 = #" ' 39" '"8 98" #" 5 "E5" ' 63 " " = 5>"& 3 4"6# " '"# # 8 ' '" " ; 9#8 '"" ½ ¾ "8& ºººººº ¾½ ½½ ½ ½½ ½½ Ë Ë ¾½ ¾½ ººº ¾ ¾¾ ½¾ Ë ½½ Ë ½½ Ë ½½ ººº ½ ¾ ½·½ ¾·½ ·½ ½½ ººº ººº ººº ½ Ë Ë Ë Ë ½ Ë Ë ¾ ½ Ë Ë ¾ ¾ Ë Ë ¾¾ Ë ¾¾ Ë ¾ ¾ ½ Ë Ë ¾ Ë Ë Q : " 96""3 S#"/6" T& /'5"#" 55 E 5 '# 5 " '4'6 *&& = 9/ '" #8 "4/ ' " #8 " 3" ' 5"& A E ' 5 "" 9''" " 96""3 #"/6" @1AC #8 "4/ >/5 = ) 63 " #8 " " " 64 " 5"5& 70 Charge réseau totale (%) 65 60 BBFd SE 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 4 5 6 7 8 Nombre de stations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`N \& " :& 2#84 % "+ # 64 ' ,,,& L)M ^& a b& & ) 0 12 ( AAA "# 1# 1#'"# @11C )))& LM \& " & V &R& _"4 # # ,0 #,2 " 0 A4""4 : " & * #8 + ,,&