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Phisical disk
block_device_operations
read()
write()
ecc...
bdev_register()
bdev_register_minor()
D
E
V
I
C
E
phdsk_register()
Glue
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„
major
minor
device driver
logical device
major
minor
device serial number
ide/hda2
nome simbolico (esempio)
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