1
Download CS - 97 - 02 Information Extraction
Transcript
I
E
!#"$ &%(')$+*-,.0/.)
1+#&'32
,...0.425#
!"$#%
I
E
1+#&'32
,...0.425#
& ,.#(') * ) ') #" 2 )$ .'30,!)-,+ # .4#,5#4).- 0 / ) ) " 2 #./ 1 ) #0.421 3+54 1
67- #/
8 ) / 3!&) (# / ,!)$ " 0) ."$)
% : 9)$'30; '# 2.)7<&)>=/- %@?
2BA " ,..425#DC /." 'EA '32.)$3A #"FA ,HG
B
/
K
I
J
M
J
N
L
N
L
L
2 3
A /."$'>A '2.) 3A #".A ,OG J ) '3) #3" 2 J 43, / ' J H= /PJ ) !#" !# J
23 /BIKJJMLNLNL A /." 'EA '32.)$3A #".A ,HG J0Q 250'2
!#"
$
5
%'&(*),+.-0/
1(324+&
$
6!798;:=<>+@?%BA
C
5
D!:E),?F+G),HJI@&
1K:ML4:ENG:L4<
O
C
PQIGHR:=-SA&(32T(7S),:=1K+@U&
2T(324+G&
V
V
WX+G)3:=?F:=)3:&
1K:Y),:=<'+GL/Z(324+G&
\
[
6]:=HJ8^LTI_(*:`AL4:=HJ:=&(80)3+.-^/
1(324+G&
[
a
b.1K:=&
I_)c24+J6]:=HJ8^LTI_(*:Q:Ed.(*),I_1(324+G&
$Ee
a
fg&hA!d.(*:&
-
:=-hA!d9I@HJ80L4:
$=5
i
jk/
LT(32L2&ZU/ZIGLl%BA
$=V
m
n !#o.qp>rs0#tu
vxw_y{z}|~Ky{
'zQ_zB~uy'|E'
=y{B~X|4~u>cy~K|;=uy{~K|4 ~
¡ |~3 ¢' ~#¢£|K_cx¤_u~='zzuy{|qy{z;zuz_'.^¥~q~ 'uw_|_y£B¢_~*
Bu
=yB
zB§¦©¨ª0«¬,
|4~u>cy{~K|®uy~K|y{zg¤_u~='zzw_y{uwM ¡ 'zX_|_zB'|Mz¯zy{|¤G!|@
¤_~__'z^°_'4~u>cB±=_|_X²@yK~K_z®@c¯z;~K_¤@B®vxw_y{z®@cq>'³²#x_z'
_y'¢³4~
_y£z¤@¢{*³~!_zBuzB±,~
´'³²# z~'µy{|q_cc²@z]~
z¤_'_zw_BB9T~
¢{cB |_¢³zy{z'±,~;´'³µ²¶_z'X4~;y{|__y{|_ ¤@u¤~Kz'z0y£|X|4~u>cy~K|· BuyB
c¢
4·c¤_¤@¢{y£Bcy~K|_zB
¯y£zqy{|_z_y
~Y~K>¤@c´
¤_'z'|Ezgw'
|@
~w_zB*±xw
9 w_B'z·
·
F³=¤@y{B¢
¤_'z'|Ez ~K|@¢³§w_Xz¤#'By °Gy£|T~>cy~K|g4~K
y{|.¯¥~¯¤G¢±9}_zB~l|
·
zy£¤@¢³Q°G|__zzX|@
c¤_¤@¢{y£Bcy~K|
w'
|_¢³z'z
=z`|@
w_cw¯_zB!y{zxy{|EB'z'
z³z'| y£|`y{|4~u>cy~K|Y~K|
wzw_cu
]~K¢{y
y{|Xu'>cBy{¢{z
l~K_¢£
¤_uy{~*
'>'| z®~G~K¤@|_y'z0 y{w¯w~K¢{@y{|KzZy£|
F³=¤@y{B¢{¢³} ³E¤#µy{|Y
¢{y{zx~®'¢B
c| !]~u_z!|_Qu''y
y{|`B_u|Q
_'|EzQ4 |B z¤@c¤#Bcy{B¢{'z¯ w_y{w
l~K_¢£´w'|
'
w~B_'|Ez|_
zB!~ ~
~K|Ey{|S¢£y ¡ '¢³R>cw'zBvxw}_zB
=u¶w_ =_y{zuyy{|_T~u´cy~K|>w'
z'¢
'zB;vxw_B³´yKw lw'|§'| B]wy£|T~>cy~K|´y£|>¯z¤@'_zwBB]|_>¤@~=@_
}uw_c4~qgB¤#~!~q¤_'z'| cy~K|9¯|~K| uzB±
|
z³z'_zBq~K_¢£.±
yw>¤@~¤#Bu¢³¯~K|°GK'>c¤_¤G¢{y{Bcy~K|.±K_~K>cy{B¢{¢³¤#~¤@_¢£c]w_'y z¤_u'
zwBB _y{'¢³´ywgw¯|_>'z¶~®~K¤@|_y'z |_gwq¤_y{~*
''|EzB
vxwB´cu§
c| c'z|_R_y{z
c|Ec'z¯~Y
'>z¶c~_y §B_¢{ |_
ywu'z¤#'q~Q·q9
¡ |_~* ¢'_Fy{| '|@zy
!~µ²G_y{¢{.±K|@
z³=z
cu~
cc³=y£|
BB'z^y'~¤@cy£B_¢{c^~K>y{|_z0|_z'|_cy~Kz¶zBx|^z'y~K|G®vxwB³¯cu
¢{z~M44~~Kzz ¡ z x¢'zuz BBucw_|Mw=_>|`u'BuzB¶
y{z ~uX~K¤@
cy~K|_¢{¢³gy{|E'|_zy
w@|}·¯ ~*]B
B'±y£|}c¤_¤@¢{y{Bcy{~K|_z] wBqw_Bqc¯¢{cu
=µ
~K¢{_'z¯
y{z¯¤~'|Ey{¢{¢{³Mµ_uw
~´ §By'|E¯w_|J·
²#'B_z>~¶w_
¤~Kzuzy²@y{¢£yF³¶~'_@By{|¶w;~K@|
~Ey{> |_¢³zz9z¤#'|_u'_y{|¶zB ¢{z~±
wB§'z_¢zµ|B'J~
²§¤_'z'|E'
y{|JzB
Bu¢¢{|K_c'zB±®w_´°_'JT~u´cB±
_|_X²@yK~K_z|_c_~ZS'zu_¢z> ¡ 'zxw@y{zzuyKwET~u]cuQy{|g~K¤@cuy{z~K|
ywg¤_~3
=y£_y{|_¢{¢u|_z¢£cy~K|g4By£¢{yy'zB
;"
n vxwB`c}4~K ³E¤#'z~y{|4~u>cy~K|
Bu'|
uy~K|
¢{³§'
cy{¢{c²G¢>z °G|_'§²=³
4~´y{|4~u>cy~K|
wq¢'_y{|_X4~u_
uy~K|
4~xw_y{z]'z'cuuw.±
Y'zzc!|_Bz|__y{|_¨]~K|_TB'|@'zX¦«¬c
w
PQA
PQI@HJ:E-
A&(32T(7),:E1K+GUG&02T(324+G&
¥^y{|_@z]|@`B¢{zzy°@'z¶|_'zB±@¤@¢{'z¶Bc
WX+@),:E? :E),:&Z1K:
W
:E<'+L/9(324+&
'|Ey °@'z¶y{'|Ey ³§'¢£cy~K|_z²#BF]B'|`'|Eyy'zxy£|}=z'
6XA
6l:HJ80L4I(*:YALT:HJ:=&(1K+&Z<B(3),/
1(324+G&
!__z¶'zuuy¤_y
y{|_T~u´cy~K|g~´!S'z@¢zB
b#1K:&
I_),24+
b.6
6]:=HJ80L4I(3:`8
),+.-^/Z1(,2T+&
¥^yzxv S'z@¢z¶y{|E~>z¤#'By °@'gB
'|Ez'|_cy~KzB
vkcw~Kzu'¢B
,|E z ¡ z
¨µ±Zzq|_~' ²#'¢~*¯±Zy{zq|''zuzc³zq|R
_|@!~Yw~wBXz ¡ z'±Z²@qy£z
~0¢{y£>y' _y'¶_zB_¢{|_'zz]~whz³=z'
_zB ;!x±_v S|_
v ¤_~3
=y£
¥~K
}_zB!¤#~Ky{|E~T
=yB¯±#!x±9v |_
¤_~'zzuy
'¢³gw_yKwBF¢{B
'¢.y{|4~u>cy~K|gc²#~KxzB
vxw'z>c>_'zuy²#'My{|
~>By{¢^²#'¢~3q±9c4B¯}_y{zB@zzy~K|Y~lw_B_'|E
¤BuT~u´|_q¢B
'¢{z¶~0S'uw@|~K¢~³
xs®u!"u"
;o ' o
uwY~®wXT~KF³=¤#'zx~®
#
w_*
X²#B'|Qw¯z² '~0y~~K_z ¤BuT~u´|_
$¨l ¬M ««&%K!|_Q~wB'(¨zB±#z~§y{y{z ¤~Kzuzy²@¢~gz*³ E@y
¤_'By{z'¢{³Yw~3
l'¢{¢^w_>B'|Eq¢B
'¢^~]'uw_|~K¢{~³M¤#B4~u>z']
'¢~* ly{¢{¢
E~M¤#Bu'|EcQ°@K_'z = _| y{T³y{|¤#B4~u>|_Y¢B
'¢{z) wB³zw~K@¢{²#
B
,¢{@cy~K|Yy£|
y{| Bu¤_B'RzµQ~KX²@y{|_'R'z_´~¶¤_u'By{zy~K|
|@
'B¢{¢!zB´w_§z'y~K|
&% *=B
B¢ B'
'czgzw_~K_¢{ ²#`|~' Q~Kz>~w_
B
,¢{@cy~K|`w_z²#B'|g~K|`l|K¢{y{zw 4 yw}z~KK
+ c¤@|_'z±¨w_y£|'z|_$=¤@|_y£zwG
~K|SB
c¢{_cy~K|y{|
¦ !
« ,4
)
z~K¯c¤@¤@¢{y{Bcy~K|@z~0w_q'uw_|_~K¢~³}>'³g²#'ywBx'zuyB ~!~q_y
B_¢
y{|g~wB¢£|K_c'zB
vxw¤#B4~u>|_~^'uwYSz ¡ ±@|_}w_q'zq y{w} w_y{w}yx>*³
~¤'9±_y{z¶~>
cc³y{|BB'zB¤#'|_'|E¶~K|
w_ ¡ y£|__z^~#=z lcx]~ ¡ y£| yw.± T~;¤@¢{
6l:Ed.(>( 798;:
²#qB
'¢
+K~Ku|_¢!cy{B¢'z'± ~}'>y{¢!'zzuc'zB±~ vMª
¢{¢ =uBB
~B_'|EzgTu~K
w_
~u¢£y£B²9
+GHJI@2&
w§²_~KRzu² 'X>cBµ~¶w~Kz§=zB±^ }°|_|_By{¢®|BzB±
~
='zzxT~x'w_|_y{B¢Zz¤_¤#~B±~ ~K_uy{z¶y{|4~u>cy{~K|.
b#1K:&
I_),24+
w>¤@cuy{B_¢{cB
'|EX ³E¤#'z¯w_cqw>
_zB¯y{z¯y{| Bu'z'Ry{|9±9T~
¤@¢XBBuz²#BF]B'|M~K>¤@|_y'zB±G~ ¤_u~²@¢'>z =¤#Buy'|@'} ywY
¤@cuy{B_¢{c z~T ]c¤@ ¡ c±@~]'zuuy¤_y~K|@z®~Zw~3~¢~Bc¤Gcz ~
By ³
¥~>¤@¢±.
¤@cy{B_¢£cc¤_¤@¢{y£Bcy~K|Q>y{Kw !²#µ~K|°GK'M~g¤_~'zz°_
|_|_By{¢^|B zcuy{B¢'z!Tu~K§¤Gcy{B_¢{c|Bz¤@~*
y{B|_Y°G|_
c²~K_´BBuz´²#BF]B'|
~K¤G|_y'z>|_h
,cy~K_z~wB
T~u´|_~lw_>c¤_¤@¢{y{Bcy{~K|Q]~K_¢{
~¶4~uz'
c¤#~K¢B~K|
¶yqz¯¢{cBµ =_y'
]~K|_c¤@cgzµ¤@²@¢£y{zw'
X_|_±Z¤#B4~u>|_>¢B
'¢£zl~K@¢{
z³=z'
~g|B
y{|_T~u´cy~K|
z'|_cuy{~KzB
vxw_`¤#B
²#¤_'_y£c²@¢µT~~K|_¢{³Qw_y{z~K| _|_y{~K|
~Y=Xz¯4~K
~K|
¢{¢;¤#~KzBuzµy{|Jw
w´¢~3
¢BBzq~
= cuy£z¨]~K
|~`¢~K|_B¯²#¤_'_y£c²@¢>v0y{¢~uy{|_g|R
=_y''|Ez!y{z§z ¡
w@c
ccuy'z!y{|QzuB¢µ_B¤'|@'| ~K|Qw_
BBq~^
ccuy{cy~K|`y£|gwwBq~uz¢{y{z'}c²#~*
%
p
#t
t#tu
o. s®
vxw´zy£¤@¢'zq|@R~KzX'¢{y{c²G¢
'uw@|~K¢~³Ry{z
z³z'>z>y{_'| y4³R¢{¢w_`|_'z~!¤#B~¤@¢±;¤@¢£'zB±l~uK|_y{zcy~K|@zB±
_c'zB±;|_
~±04~µ¤G¢±®yl
~K_|Ez¯~~K|B³
+~Ku|@¢_]y{|°@K
w~K_Kw´|
u_|Rw
¢£¢ =uBB
J'~K|_y{zB'±Ew_ 'z@¢ y{zlzly{|>°@K
4w_y{z;¢~=~ ¡ z®²#BB y{|~K¢~K vxw¶
yBlBz;zw~3 |>wBx|@²#'¢~*Sc ¤@c®~
®vx
w
)MzBQ¦©¨
¢{|K_c'|Ky£|BBuy{|cuw_y'X|_}B
'¢~¤@>'| ¶'|E
=y{~K|_'|E
«¬
'~K|_yy~K|B|R²#µ¤#B4~u'
¥^yK_
B'|E w §'¢{z³z'
¦
!
cX«¬ BBu³ 0w_
!|}>¤@¢
#";«&%,40¤#B4~u>z®c« wE_´|`|_|~c~uz!~´|_~x¤#BT~
~´w
%$$ BBu³ y
'|>w@c
¢B
'¢ >'z'Yy{|
(¨
²=³
y{| BF|_|~c~l~K>¤@cuy{z~K|@z±KR'~K|_yy{~K|B|>|~*²#¶zy{~_|_y{~K|c
wE_´|>¤#B4~u>|_ ¢{B
'¢{zB±E|@´c¤_¤@¢£y{Bcy~K|_z®~.w_ 'uw@|~K¢~³´c!y{|_'zuy{|
uc¤@y{_¢{³´z u'z_¢B
''|E>B
c¢{_cy~K|
~!T~
¤@|_y{zw9±"+Kc¤@|'z`|_S¨w_y{|'z ¦ q¨¶«¬4
¬
¥^yK
!'Q'| y ³g'~K|_yy~K|
¤_~__'gwq4~K¢{¢~3 y{|z~'z
LTIG&ZU/ZI_UG:
:E<B(§<B79<B(*:H
=¤@|_y{zuw
& $ « =
+Kc¤@|'z
« = ¨w_y{|'z
% vxw¤_~'zz^y{z0l' ¡ ¢³µ~K>y{|B¤#'|_'|EB±y ®uw_|_Ky{|w¶z² '^>cB;~
w¯z ²#'y{|_>¤_~'zz'QT~K
y{|
~K¢{
gz~K
w_|'z~
°G|_|_By£¢.|B zx~
w}z³z'}±;|_
=_yq¢{cqw_|'zB
¤@c¤#Buzl~K@¢{`y{|E
~K¢
~wBF³=¤'z~;|B zxl~K_¢£
w_|Ky{|M4~K
|_B zµ~
zuBy'| y°G
o. ';o.ls®
o.;"
rX#t!
¨]~B4B'|_>'z~K¢{y~K|¨ q!y£|
~K¢
'zy£'| y{T³y{|gy{'|EyF³Y'¢{cy~K|@z²B lB'|
'| yy{'z y{|}zB¶vxw'zq'| y{y'z cX²#~w}w~Kzµy{'|Ey °@'g²=³g!'~K|_yy{~K|
|_`|_c¤@w_~uy{B4B'|_'z¶~´w~Kzq'|Eyy'zBl¥~ ¤@¢±_y£|
!¢{zB±¤#~=~;~uy{ ¡
±@ ¡ |B
w_y{
]'¢{¢
;~y{ ¡
w@y{ ~BTBu'|_'z~K¢{y{~K|´]~K_¢{´y
y
w@c y{|4~u>cy~K|
yw
|@
yw
>¢{BB±
zx¤_u'z'| xy£|}wqzu~K_|__y£|¯
vxw_y{z!¤_~'zzqy£z!¢{'zz'¢B
c| ~Y_zBuzw_|
z ¡ z
~w_Bq
y wB'zw_
~wB z ¡ z;¤@~=@_~K¤@®w_cly{z®~~²E
y~K_z;_y{¢{y ³¯4~;w c¤_¤G¢{y{Bcy~K|_zB'±
w_y{zXz ¡
y{zµ~g'¢{B
,|EX~
=`²@~* zuy{|
¤@¤#~Kz'z§l
w}|B'@z¯~w
´yKw }_z
¨
c¤@¤@¢{y{Bcy~K|
B
'¢~¤#B
~Sw@yKw_¢{yKwEg¢{¢!~=BBu'|_'zg~
w´z§~² '¯~q¤_u~*
y{>wE³E¤#B¯¢{y{| ¡ z²#BF]B'|Jw'}g¨
>yKwE>¢{z~
²#`_z'
¥~
'uw_|_~K¢~³
~J> ¡ Y¢{y£| ¡ zµ²#BF]B'|h_~=B_>'| zB±]w~KKwSw_y{z>y{z|_~
(¨¤@~u>!vxw¯´y{|YzuyK|_y °GB|@q~®w_y{z z ¡ ±
w~*]B
B'± y{z§z´R²@_y{¢{@y{|Q²G¢~= ¡ T~gvx|@*
v zBQ²#'¢~3!¨ '|_c²@¢{'z
B'|E¢³}¤@c~®w
wMzuz~=By£cy~K|~¯'zuy{¤_y
Qy{|_T~u´cy~K|
'| yy{'z~µw_y{uw
zuBcB'~Kzz
(w@
y]B4BuzB;v
~~K|Ey{|=ww_ ¡ |B³'
~BTBu'|_Xu'z~K¢{y~K|Q>yKwE¢{¢~3
zg ywSw_
¡ 'z¤#'c¤@¢{±
;~uy£ ¡ y{|!'|_´c ¡
_z ~§zy{_c
x¥^yK_
zw~3 z¶'z@¢zT~ ~Kx¤@¢B
¨
'z~K¢£y~K|y{z.|qy£¤_'By{z0¤@~='zuz. w'|c¤_¤G¢{y'!~xw;z~K¢£y~K|~|_c¤@w~y{
BTBu'|_
vxw
w´'¢£Sz³z'
*% zu~'
'B¢£¢ |_
=
¤@'By{zy~K| ´c
(¨l ¬ #~wBz³=z'>z z~u'Q %« 'B¢{¢ ¤_'By{zuy~K|.±G¬& 'B¢{¢
&¬ ¤_'By{zuy~K|.
v w'z¶z~'z;cux¢~* ¢w_~KKw¤_~²@¢{'>zZyw~K¤@¢By{|_!w_
z ¡
°|_yy~K|´~K|
zuuw'_@¢!~K>¤@¢{y{Bc'
>cBuzB±_|@
¢{'´~w=_>|
z~'z~
!"#$"%&'()$*!+-,/. &$"021)$+!3% &4&506$+!+# #,7$"%8)$9:$;8%$*$+# %$9<()$$;3
&11=-1=>?$*($$-@
]¨]~uBTB'|@q'z~K¢{_y~K|
¥0y{K
~K|_¢³
c~K_|@
$
>±
²@X|_~
w@cXw_y£zXw_y£'zqwg_y
|~K_|~B4B'|_xy{'|Ey °GBcy{~K|gzu¶~² 'B± _y
y{|±^
± 'B
|_c¤Gw~u
|_
l~¤#
B'|_§²#BF]B'|
¤_~¤#B
B'|E^z¤'¢£¢{y{|¶~;~K¤#~K_|@
± |EBu|_cy~K|@¢ _zuy{|'zzYw_y{|'zª99 'z~K¢{_y~K|.±wT~u>B²'y£|§gzyK|@y °GB|E¢³}'zyB¤_u~²
¢'}
¨ kz³z'>zxcu¯~K>y{|}_B¤'|@'| B
" ] vxwXv hz ¡
²@_y{¢{@zl~K|M!
!
o.qp>rs0.t
u'~K|_yy~K|M|_Q~uBTB'|@X'z~K¢{y~K|.|Q_@y
)
y~K|>~¯¢{~=Bcy{|_q|_> ³E¤@y£|´y ®B¢{zzy{T³y{|±~]zzyK|_y£|~X ³E¤# X¤#Buz~K|_¢
|_±Z_cBc R'|Eyy'zy{|
~B_'|EzB±9vxzz~=By{c'z¯'zuy¤@y
µy£|T~>,
y~K|` y{w`wq'|Eyy'z'x¥~¤@¢{±@4~K
~K w_c
w¯°@K
u|_z¥³`ª99y£zx¢~Bc'Yy{|YvZ~u~K|
w_cxw_y{z y{z¶y{|Q¨|_@
wµz³=z'
°G|@_z
~±#|_Qy{ __z wXy{|_T~u´cy~K|
±
«
=]cxKy
'|§y{|°@Ku
vZ'¤G¢{cx'¢''|Ez;4~ w_¶°@K
¥0y{K
;vxw¶4~u>c y{z
v
'¤@¢{c'¢{''| z
z~KB w_c®c²Gyuc³q~K|__B
'¢~¤#'µc^w²#'w'z0~@w_ !Buy{B|y{|E'¢{¢{y{'|_
¨
~K>X@|_yF³R4w_q~uyKy{|@¢.cB_zBx~K_¤Q~®w
_y §B_¢{~}' Zw>>y£|
'~u.±¶|_
¤~Ky£| ~`|~>y{zw@c¯yy{z'zz'|Ey{¢{¢{³Q}_cc²@z
_z>z§]'¢{¢¶²#`4~u>c'
~K_¢{
~K¤#Byy{~K|_z] y£z
T~
ª
z~Q~¤#Bucy~K|@zB±l~
'_y{|y{|E~>z¤_u'_zwBBB±~¯4 y{w}z~Ku¤_~'zzy£|E T~xµ_¢y{¢£y{|K_¢
¤_'z'|Ecy~K|. 'y~K|
" Ky
'z>zy{>¤@¢{y °@'´>¤@¢
vxwxBu'| w §'¢{z³z'
z³=z'
z~'
B
,¢{@cµvx
$
|_
k4~;vx
z~'z =
g !_>|_zw_yB
'R«&g
v
z ¡ z!zB¤@cc'¢³
!¨l ¬
¨l ¬gzw°@uz'¨k~
¤_u~=_@y~K| w¶²#'z
)}v zu~'zzuw~K_¢{`y£¤_~3
Xy{|Q4_
z B
'¢~¤#BuzxKy{|`~¤#Buy'|_ywgwz ¡
zly{|>!R'~K|@yy~K|.±Kw_x¤_~__y~K|~.vxlz;y{z;y£z®l' ¡ ¢³~K>y£|>B¤#'|_'|EB±
y lw_|Ky{|´w¯z²#
'x>cB!~^wqzx²#'y{|¤@~='zuz'}4~K °G|_|@By{¢
|B z~~wBx ³E¤#'z~0|B z]~K_¢{gy{|E
~K¢
z~Kquw@|'z¶~wqz³z'}±_|@
uw_|Ky£|>4~K
|B z~§zBy'|Ey °G¤@c¤#Buz]~K_¢{}y{|E
~K¢
=_yq¢£cquw_|_'zB
%$
¶o9tu " ] qo ¶s0.t
s® '|_cuy~´'¤@¢{c'z vxz]cu¯wq¤@~~F³=¤@y{B¢
~K¤@zx~®z³z'>zBvxwB³
y~BwBXv '| y{y'zy{|E~}B
'| ¯|@
'¢{cy~K|'zuuy¤_y~K|@zB¯¥~q¤@¢{±
vxJ´'³´w_*
!y£'| y°@'zuc²'¢£¢± !~K>y{|_y E|_´¥| ~Ky{z!z ¤#B~¤@¢¶'|Eyy'z
¤_'z'|E
y£|hwM·x~²#B
'_yy~K|h~¯!c¤~K¢{B~K| ©zg¢~*
y{'|EyT³X4zlz_w´z®w_c zc²#'¢{¢{>~*
'§~
¢BBuzB
cuy{z;y{|
!~K>y{|_y Eµw'|
!K_z $
~}²|'cuB~}w>¢{y¢uw@c¤9±.w_c
c¤@c'|Ex²@¢~ ¡
|_'z~uzB
|_gw_c¥u| ~Ky{zqu|g~
v
>yKwE§w_'|
4~K
!Buc!B¤@cu_y'© z
²@_u| ~3 |
ywg~K|~
ª9³~K|
%=
z¢£yKw ¢{³´~¤#By{|_'| ]>¤@¢qy{z]Ky
'|`y£|´°GK
zuc²'¢£¢ ©z
vxwz>
~K>'|Ez BKc_y{|4~u>c c¤_¤G¢³§z¶4~ w_qvxSz ¡
v
y£zX
_y
B_¢q
¤_~__y~K| w_¶²'z
w´'¢£Rz³z' z~'z « 4~v
z~u' % ¬ ®vxw¶w=_>|z~¶z ±
z ¡ vxw_§Bu'|
¨l ¬z³z'
w_y{wµy£¢{¢{_zc'z
w_~K>¤@¢yF³y{|E
~K¢
'.^vxw'z]°@Ku'z®zw~K_¢{X²# ¡ '|>y{|E~
B~K_| ! w'|Q~K|_zy{By{|>c¤_¤_u~¤_uy{cqc¤_¤G¢{y{Bcy~K|_z~ v'uw_|_~K¢~³x ~±
w~*]B
B'±¶w_c´y{>y{z¤#~Kzzy²@¢{§~Ry£|_'z}¤_u'By{zy~K|c>w_}=¤#'|_z}~'B¢£¢
vkz³z'>z!w_c~K| !>
lB|B
'¢~¤
E_y{>}¢~~l~BBu'|_'z~]'¢B
c|
¡ >´| ³Q´y{z ¡ 'zB±.²@_w_c>y£zz
¯zu'|_cuy~KzB
!¢Bu|_cy{
'¢³Q]´B|¤@@zw
¤`'B¢{¢.|@`>y{zz¶¢{'zzB±²@xc w=¤#'|_z~^´ ¡ y{|_>~q>y{z ¡ 'zB
v
vxw
z ¡
y£zx²#~wQ~K´y{|QB¤#'|__'| B±|_.±@²=³`°G|@yy~K|.±_y{'`~
wXz
|_cuy~Kz~y{|EB'z>~Rw`_zBuz'S ~Qw_~*]B
B§w_c´w}'z_¢{z~!|@
v
~}¢{z~Mw_cµy£| ¨] ¬`wgB
'¢~¤#BuzX]B§Ky{
'|Jw_
z¤#'By °GBcy~K|_z4~xw v z ¡ ~K|_¢³ ~K|Ew}²#BT~w_qz³=z'>z¶]B¯z~'9
vxw_y{z ]z²#'B_z!y]]z|~' w_c| z³z'
w_c]=
_y'´
B³´¢'|wE³
vxkTB'
B
=y£zy~K|
BB|B
v
y{|
y{|E~
~Y~¤#>yw|Bz'|@cuy~Kzqzq~¶¢'zuzl~uww_|
z¤#'By °GBcy~K|_zu'¢{cy
'¢³
¨] ¬lBuq¤_~²@c²G¢³´z¢{y{Kw
~K|_>w_c¯~K_¢£
uc¤@y{@¢³ z'z_¢{]~^w_y£zB±wqz~'z T~
¢³
¢~*]Bxw_|`wB³}>yKwExw_'
q²#B'|}yw
q¢~K|B _B
'¢~¤@'|E®¤#Buy~.
;=¤#Buy'|@]4~K
!(¨z;zu'zz;w@c
¤@B
=y{~K_z
% '|@cuy~'¤@¢£c
¥0y{K
B'|E¶'uw_|_~K¢~³
w@zx_y §B@¢F³´cy£|_y{|z~'z X_w}c²#~*
X¬
T~xw@y{z¶z ¡ ±@w~3lB
B'
$
BB_u³
qlp;p
=~g4c]>w_'
§_y{zB_zuz'Q4~Kg'|Bu¢^¤#Buz¤#'y
X|Mw_y£z!z'y~K|]
¢~E~ ¡
c>w`Bc¤Gc²@y{¢{yy{'zXw@c´>yKwE²#g_'¢{y
B'z´¤@c~|Sc¤_¤@¢{y£Bcy~K|
'zyK|'`~´z¤_¤#~|_¢³zz¶ ¡ y{|´y{|EBu|_cy{~K|_¢.u>_'¢{y{|
w}~¤_
w'|Sw`z³z'
y{zz¤#'By °@'9±;~K>y{>cKy£|_c³R|_¢{³=z>zc'zw_c
Bucy~K|_¢~K>y£|_z
w_c}_zB}y{|EB'zzgc'| u'c~K_|_
c_uR'|
T~u'>'| B±9~K|_B³Q¢{_|__Buy{|±_~uK|_y{z'Muy{±B~y{z}±#¢BKy{z¢£cy~K|
'| yy{'z`~y{|EB'z` y{w_y{|
w'zJ~K>y{|_zQcJBy'
z
v w
¤#Buz~K|9±~K>¤@|
³±
²@| ¡ ±°G|_|_By{¢x'| y ³±¶u|_z¤#~cy{~K|h'|_z'±x¢~=B¢£yF³±¶¤@¢£±]~uK|_y{zcy~K|9±
y{±.'¢B¤@w_~K|±.|_cu~y{BzB±9¢{BKy{z¢{cy~K|9±y
y ³
¢{y{|
¡ z
|E_X²#B~;'¢{cy~K|@z4~
lcq¢{z~>z¤'By°@'.±=T~¶¤@¢²#B lB'|}¤#B~¤@¢{±=²#B lB'|}¤#B~¤@¢{|@
~K¤@|_y'z'±.Bcv w'z'¢{cy~K|@zc>|~F³=¤#'.±9y µw
~K¢
'gy{z |~]z¤#'By °@'. =~K'¢{cy~K|@z; ¡ !w 4~u
¡ y£|_Q~]'¢{cy{~K|My£|
~.¤_~¤#By'z®~.'|Eyy'z
) ®w_]¢~Bcy~K|~@~K¤G| ³ )w_y{¢{zZ~wBuz®'|~B
'|Ez )q ; ¤#Buz~K|
=y{zuyy{|zw_y{¤9
~
¡ y£|>4~K
w_y{z¶zcy{|¤#~Ky{|E¶|`hz³z'
y{z 'zyK|'gw@c
y{zxy{¢~'}~§=z!'¢{y£| yw`_u>'|4~u''|EB±G>~K|B³`¢{_|__Buy{|±
~K|@y{z'}uy{>±B~uy{zu}±_|_`¢BKy£z¢{cy~K|
= '~K|@y{z'z9'|Eyy'z0y{|w_~Kz z^|_¯zzuyK|_z9w_'
BcB~uy{'z u* |
Tu~K
~!~K| ~_|E_X²#B9~
wqzB¶~0'| yy{'z~
y{|EB'z¯4¤#Buz~K|9±~K>¤@| ³±
BB
=zz~=By{c'z!By{|QF³=¤#'z ~®'zy¤_y
¯y£|T~>cy~K|g yw`w'z¯'|Eyy'z'±
;w_¯¢~Bcy~K|}~^~K¤@|_y'z
y{_'| y °G'z]´zBX4'¢{cy{
'¢³
zu>¢{¢#~>²#BKy{|g y{wG ~0B
'|Ezx~®y{|EB'z¶²=³
³=y{|_'| yy{'z¶~BwBy{| ~B
'|E u'¢{cy~K|_zB
¥~ ¤@¢±G~K|_zy{B¶w_qT~K¢£¢~* y£|X
)
· 'B
;~ ¡ ±
'_|_'z_'³ +
B
_¢³
««¬=
~=_*³ wcu'z ~§¥'_Buy{ ¡
+
BB¤#~z|_c±.~K| uw_c'z~]u
zµK¢{y£|0v w~K¤@z~K|z; ¡ '|´Tu~Kw_y{z!M
|_w_c|§c¤@c'|E
y{| w_>'cu¢³ w~Kuz³'zBu_'³ !
y{zqc~u|_B³±0· ~²Bu y{_¢£y{|_y ±.y{z
;~ ¡
B
¤#~K¢{y£J|_|~K@|_'
+
vxw_~K¤@z~K|.±#w'M~
'³
z_'§zc''|Ex'|E³=y£|X|E³´y{|E
~K¢
''|E yw
~J'³
¤@cu´~qw_y{z§B¢{y'|EB
~¤#
± @¢{y{|_y#zy{9
+K'³ =BBxz¤#~
z¯~]~_*³
¡ 'z¤#Buz~K|
|_cu~y{Bz~K|
_y{h¥_'B
Bgw@'
zuy{
w~K¤@|E³
w
'¢{y{|Kz´ yw
w_g'z'`u_y{|
vxw_´~K¤@|E³±0Q'_y{_Fzy 'y{¤#~¤#~~K|
«
Bu|>'zc²@¢{y{zuw'y{|
«=±w_²#B'|w ´y{|~K| ~]y{|´zB
Bu¢
~K¢{¢£c²~cy
´u|@z¤#~¯
'|E'zy{|E
~K¢
y{|Qª
cy{| !Buy{B|J¤_~c
_@ =B
Bu¢.zz~By{c'z¶~
w!°@u
w'´z'¢
'z4~K
~3
'}³'zBu_*³§~>@y{z|_
wYzB|__¢ ±]y{|_B¢{@_y{|YwQ>y{l'zB|
¤#~cy~K|}~K>¤@| ³
!~*|_y{|c +K~K|'zB
vxw_~K¤@z~K|}y{z _|_Buz~E~
!|_y'=c'zB
u|_z
~´²#qBB_z'Q~0y{>¤~uy{|wB~Ky{|}y£| ~
w
¥~K
w@y{zh>yKwE¶¤_~__y{|4~u>cy~K|}z@uw}z¶w¯T~K¢{¢{~* y{|_gy{|}z~KT~
>c ~§²XBBu>y{|_'}B~u_y{|§~§_zBx =_y''|EzB±_
ªJzc'>'| z
_'zzuy{|z~K¯@cc²@z¯zw'>
¥0y{uzB±.g¢{y{z~ '|Eyy'z|_
zz~By{c''zy¤_y
y{|4~u>cy~K|9!· '¢{cy~K|_z!~
±, w_y{w
¤_~¤#BF³¯F³=¤c>]=¤G¢{y{ByB0 uwµ'|EyF³µw_z^|Xy£.±c
B|Y²#¯@z'Q4~~KzzB4B'|_By£|´²#BF]B'|Y'| yy{'z|_Y4~!'zuuy²@y{|_B
'| z
G±.
y{|
~K¢{
=y{|_'| yy{'zBlluwM¢{z~´w_zF³=¤#±@~!BcB~³±#
_@yy~K|_¢{¢{³§
ccuy~K_z F³=¤#Fz¤#'By °G¯y£|T~>cy~K|Qy£z '
cy{¢{c²G¢±G ±#4~!@c'zB±.
"!"#"$#´Ky
y{|w¯_cXy{|}z|__cgT~u´cB
% &$"
"./
0
#')(
$)(
+ &,
#
-(
*
.,
#')(
$)(
& + $ (
#" # (
''" *&! *
#')(
$ )(
!#$# (
"./
0 "!#
#')(
$)(
!
$# (
'#0 " #')(
$)(
"!"#(
'" #
#!)(
" "# (
"!
(
$
$ $ #')(
$)(
"!"#(
+ &,
#
-(
$
$
!
$#
#$
'"$
* *
",#"$#
" '
# '#$"
",#"$#
$
$
# "$ $
#')(
$)(
& + $ (
#" # (
!
$#
#$
% + $!&!"# #
#')(
$)(
"!"#(
"
&!#,#
*"
#')(
$ )(
!#$# (
% $# & #
#')(
$)(
& + $ (
' .
#
#')(
$)(
'"$
##$* "
*$
!
$#
&"$
**
",#"$#
#
+ &,
#
-(
$", $"$#
#')(
$)(
!(
*
'
& &
,#$"
' $$
#')(
$)(
& + $ (
vxw'z`u'z_¢z~u'z¤#~K|_
%
*$
!
$#
&"$
~
wQ~KX²@y{|_cy{~K|
~!|@vx
%
z ¡ z y{ ]
'~*
'M¢{¢#²@_¶wF³=¤#¯z¢~z¶]q]~K_¢{g²#q¢B4¶ ywgwq!_c
='~K|_.±_u'¢{cy~K|_z~^B
'|E F³=¤#±~z'|@cuy~Kz $#" & !"# #')(
'"$# $# (
&)(
$"$ (
$"$&,-(
*
*$
&0
.
$
#!
#"$"$&"
#')(
$)(
,#-(
$"$&,-(
$", $
*
*
$
vxw'zqu'z_¢z¶~u'z¤#~K|_g~>w
r
v
z ¡
#t ut r n vxwq'zu_¢zx'zuuy²#'`c²#~*
µ>'³}w'|Q²#qu|_z¢£c'`4~ ¤_'z'| cy~K|Y~´w_
_zBx~¶4~ z~ucXy{|gy£zy{|_cc²@z'zB;|g'|Bu¢.w_y£zz ¡
w_|
u|@z¢{cy~K|R~]~_y{|_c³MB±^|@Ry{zqB¢{~Kz´~
¤_~'zz~> ¡ y£|`g¤_~u
X_¢{y{¢{y{|K@¢
y£z¶X_w}'zyB
±;w_
©zq'zzc'zµ|_¢{c²#'¢{z~K|R'|E@z|_²@~K|@z
ªZ~=B¢{y£zcy~K|y{|E
~K¢
'z`z~y{|S¢{y{zz§~_y{'gu|_z¢{cy{~K|_zgT~
¡ |~3 |}y'>z'®|
'|
z
|_
y ³
¬
~KxBzw_'zq¢{y{zzl]~K_¢{gz~u|@z¢{cy~K|_z]4~¶l~_z¶z_w
'± ¢~=Bcy{~K| <± _c '± w_B~Ky{|
¶¢{z~|B'µ]*³=z^~_y{z¤G¢{'³q_c'z
|E_X²#Buz!y{|Y¢{~=B¢04~u>czB±#²@~¢{y²_ucy'zxc'
cy{¢{c²G¢X4~w_y{zF³=¤#
~0¤@~²@¢'}
~²@¢{'>zxB|Mcuy{z w_B¯c²@y{uc³
¤@y''zx~^cµ_z'`y£|}wq'|EyF³`_
¨l ¬
zuy¤_y{~K|Yz_'zB±#4~¤G¢Xw__'zuy¤_~z¢~y{|
B
|~K_|S¤GwuzYT~K
vx
wM=gy{z§='.± y{wS w_cB
B
#
~² 'zB
=_¢{y °GBuzB±
'¢{cy
B¢{_z'z Bc w@c¤_¤#'|´~²# wBu±z~Xw¢{|_K_c!y£zl~K¤G¢B'¢³´_|_
zuy{'`|@}l~K@¢{}|B'`_¢{¢u|@z¢{cy~K|`>'uw_|_y£z}
';o. s® "
&%
¦
« 3
¦©¨ª
«¬3
¦©¨
!
c|_' ·x'z'cuw u~ 'z '|_³ % ! Y~K|qT
´|_|.± ««&%=
+_¨~* y!|_ ª9'w_|_BB.|_T~u´cy~K|´uy~K|9
± «
$ )=«
± ««¬=
«¬3 X ¨_|@|_y{|Kw_`± y£¢ ¡ z'±k|@ ·q + y _z ¡ zB B
YBw~_zB±¨u'| vZu'|__z |_ =~4Fc|_Tuzu_ T~
!ª
|
! "! # $ ! &%' ± y{¢ ¡ '|E
|_y
BzyF³± v
_ ¡ B³± = B¤@'¯²#B ««¬= ¢{z~ '
cy{¢{c²@¢ z
!
$$ ( !
! " " !
"_
«¬3
¦
! @|__w'y{` Y'zzc¯_|@Buz|_@y{|~K|TB
'|@gq¬ ²_uyB w@y{z~³ |( *)+ -, . / 102 3! # ±¶¨]~¤#'|_w@c'|.±
+ _| ««¬=
·¯ !uy{zuw_>|}|_
¦
#";«&%3X·¯ y
|
_z ¡ zB±vq
;
*
Y~K|
q¨x«¬3
¡ c~±
!_¤@w_B³=z'± ¯.¨_|_|@y{|Kw_}±_|@
y{¢ ¡ zB !'zuy{¤_y~K|g~^w¯ª
=
¦
z³z'
&%
z_z'}4~
% ¨l ¬=
!
q_4>|@|.± «« =
Y@¢y
ª
y{|K_¢¯ |EyF³ v0z Ylv$!
Bu
=yB¯
| ! , %, , · X ± Q ~K|
·¯ YBuw_| B±
R© ¯4´|.± ««¬=
¡ _~* z ¡ y ±¶|_X¶¨w@y{|_uw_~'
vxw
