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DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA Product Manual May 13, 2005 Revision 1 Part Number: 000001912 Maxtor® Corporation, May 13, 2005. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein – which will be incorporated in revised editions of the publication. Maxtor may make changes or improvements in the product(s) described in this publication at any time and without notice. UL/CSA/VDE/TUV /RoHS UL standard 1954 recognition granted under File No. E78016 CSA standard C22.2-950 certification granted under File No. LR49896 TUV Rheinland EN 60 950 Tested to FCC Rules for Radiated and Conducted Emissions, Part 15, Sub Part J, for Class-B Equipment. DiamondMax 8S model number 6N040T0 meets the EU directive for the Restriction and Use of Hazardous Substances (RoHS), 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and the council of 27 January, 2003. DiamondMax 8S model number 6E040T0 does not meet these initiatives. PATENTS These products are covered by or licensed under one or more of the following U.S. Patents: 4,419,701; 4, 538,193 4,625,109; 4,639,798; 4,647,769; 4,647,997; 4,661,696; 4,669,004; 4,675,652; 4,703,176; 4,730,321; 4,772,974; 4,783,705; 4,819,153; 4,882,671; 4,920,442; 4,920,434; 4,982,296; 5,005,089; 5,027,241; 5,031,061; 5,084,791; 5,119,254; 5,160,865; 5,170,229; 5,177,771; Other U.S. and Foreign Patents Pending. Maxtor®, MaxFax® are registered trademarks of Maxtor Corporation, registered in the U.S.A. and other countries. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S, AutoTransfer, AutoRead, AutoWrite, DisCache, DiskWare, Defect Free Interface, and WriteCache are trademarks of Maxtor Corporation. All other brand names or trademarks are the property of their manufacturers. Windows, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows 98, and Windows 95 are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Maxtor reserves the right to make changes and improvements to its products, without incurring any obligation to incorporate such changes or improvements into units previously sold or shipped. This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licences restricting its use, copying, distributing, and decompilation. No part of this product or document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Maxtor and its licensors, if any. RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraphs (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 and FAR 52.227-19. THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTIULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. You can down load Maxtor publications directly from Maxtor at: www.maxtor.com Part Number: 000001912 Before You Begin: Thank you for your interest in Maxtor hard disk drives. This manual provides technical information for OEM engineers and systems integrators regarding the installation and use of Maxtor hard drives. Drive repair should be performed only at an authorized repair center. For repair information, contact the Maxtor Product Support Center at 1-800-2MAXTOR. CAUTION: Maxtor hard drives are precision products. Failure to follow these precautions and guidelines outlined here may lead to product failure, damage and invalidation of all warranties. 1 BEFORE unpacking or handling a drive, take all proper electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions, including personnel and equipment grounding. Stand-alone drives are sensitive to Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) damage. 2 BEFORE removing drives from their packing material, allow them to reach room temperature. 3 During handling, NEVER drop, jar, or bump a drive. 4 Once a drive is removed from the Maxtor shipping container, IMMEDIATELY secure the drive through its mounting holes within a chassis. Otherwise, store the drive on a padded, grounded, antistatic surface. 5 NEVER switch DC power onto the drive by plugging an electrically live DC source cable into the drive's connector. NEVER connect a live bus to the drive by plugging an electrically live signal cable in to the drive’s interface connector. 6 ELECTRICAL GROUNDING - For proper operation, the drive must be securely fastened to a device bay that provides a suitable electrical ground to the drive baseplate. Please do not remove or cover up Maxtor factory-installed drive labels. They contain information required should the drive ever need repair.Thank you for your interest in Maxtor hard disk drives. This manual provides technical information for OEM engineers and systems integrators regarding the installation and use of Maxtor hard drives. Drive repair should be performed only at an authorized repair center. For repair information, contact the Maxtor Customer Service Center at 800-2MAXTOR or 1-303-678-2015. Corporate Headquarters: 500 McCarthy Blvd. Milpitas, California 95035 Tel: 408-894-5000 Fax: 408-362-4740 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 MAXTOR CORPORATION ............................................................................... 1-1 AUDIENCE ............................................................................................................. 1-1 MANUAL ORGANIZATION..................................................................................1-1 TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONS ........................................................... 1-2 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 1-3 Chapter 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................. 2-1 THE SERIAL ATA INTERFACE ............................................................................ 2-2 KEY FEATURES..................................................................................................... 2-2 REGULATORY COMPLIANCE STANDARDS .................................................. 2-3 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................... 2-4 Chapter 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS 3.1 MODELS AND CAPACITIES ................................................................................ 3-1 3.2 DRIVE CONFIGURATION .................................................................................. 3-1 3.3 PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................... 3-2 3.4 PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS ..................................................................................... 3-2 3.5 POWER REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................. 3-3 3.6 POWER MODE DEFINITIONS............................................................................ 3-3 3.7 EPA ENERGY STAR COMPLIANCE................................................................... 3-3 3.8 ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITS................................................................................. 3-4 3.9 SHOCK AND VIBRATION................................................................................... 3-5 3.10 RELIABILITY SPECIFICATIONS ......................................................................... 3-6 3.11 EMC/EMI ................................................................................................................ 3-6 3.11.1 RADIATED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EMISSIONS - EMC COMPLIANCE................................................................................................................3-6 3.11.2 CANADIAN EMISSIONS STATEMENT ..................................................... 3-6 3.12 SAFETY REGULATORY COMPLIANCE............................................................ 3-7 3.13 RoHS COMPLIANCE.............................................................................................. 3-7 Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA i Chapter 4 INSTALLATION 4.1 SPACE REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS........................................................................... 4-2 4.3 HARDWARE OPTIONS ....................................................................................... 4-4 4.3.1 JUMPER POSITION....................................................................................... 4-4 4.3.2 STAGGER SPIN-UP ....................................................................................... 4-4 4.4 MOUNTING........................................................................................................... 4-6 4.4.1 ORIENTATION .................................................................................................... 4-6 4.4.2 VENTILATION ...................................................................................................... 4-9 4.5 COMMBINATION CONNECTOR......................................................................... 4-9 4.5.1 DC POWER (J-1,SECTION A) ........................................................................ 4-9 4.5.2 EXTERNAL DRIVE ACTIVITY LED ............................................................. 4-9 4.6 FOR SYSTEMS WITH A MOTHERBOARD SATA ADAPTER....................... 4-10 4.7 FOR SYSTEMS WITH AN SATA ADAPTER BOARD ..................................... 4-10 4.7.1 CONNECTING THE ADAPTER BOARD AND THE DRIVE................. 4-10 Chapter 5 SATA BUS INTERFACE AND ATA COMMANDS 5.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 5-1 5.2 MECHANICAL INTERFACE ................................................................................ 5-1 5.2.1 SIGNAL CABLE AND CONNECTOR ........................................................ 5-1 5.3 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE .................................................................................. 5-1 5.3.1 SATA BUS INTERFACE ............................................................................... 5-1 5.3.1.1 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS..........................................................5.1 5.4 REGISTER ADDRESS DECODING ..................................................................... 5-1 5.5 COMMAND INTERFACE..................................................................................... 5-1 5.5.1 GENERAL FEATURE SET ........................................................................... 5-1 5.5.2 SUPPORTED COMMANDS ......................................................................... 5-2 Chapter 6 SERVICE AND SUPPORT 6.1 GETTING HELP ...................................................................................................... 6-1 Glossary.......................................................................................................................G-1 Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA ii Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4-1 Figure 4-2 Figure 4-3 Figure 4-4 Figure 4-5 Figure 4-6 Figure 4-7 Figure 4-8 Mechanical Dimensions.................................................................................4-1 Single Pack Shipping Container..................................................................... 4-2 25-Pack Shipping Container ......................................................................... 4-3 SATA Power/Interface Connector ................................................................ 4-5 Mounting Screw Clearance ........................................................................... 4-7 Mounting Dimensions .................................................................................. 4-8 Drive Power Supply and SATA Bus Interface Cables................................... 4-12 Completing the Drive Installation ............................................................... 4-13 Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA iii Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES Table 4-1 Table 4-2 Table 4-3 Table 5-1 Table 5-2 SATA Pin 11 Configuration....................................................................................4-5 Device Plug Connector Pin Definitions ..................................................................4-12 Logical Addressing Form.........................................................................................4-16 Supported Commands...............................................................................................5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters..........................................................................5-5 Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA iv Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Maxtor Corporation Maxtor corporation is one of the world’s largest suppliers of hard disk drive productsproducts that help store the digital world for millions of users. Maxtor products serve a range of markets, including personal and entertainment, small office/home office, mid-sized business and enterprise Products Maxtor storage products include drives and accessories for PC’s, workstations, RAID products, enterprise applications, enterprise servers, high-end systems, consumer electronics and personal storage. Support Maxtor provides a variety of consumer support options, all designed to make sure the user gets fast, helpful, accurate information to help resolve any difficulties. These options include a broad, searchable knowledge base of FAQ’s, product manuals, installation guides, information on previously resolved problems, software downloads, and contact by phone or E-mail with a support person. For more information, visit www.maxtor.com/en/support. 1.2 Audience The DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA product manual is intended for several audiences. These audiences include: the end user, installer, developer, consumer electronics and personal computer original equipment manufacturer (CE/PC,OEM), and distributor. The manual provides information about installation, principles of operation, interface command implementation, and maintenance. 1.3 MANUAL ORGANIZATION This manual is organized into the following chapters: • Chapter 1 – Introduction • Chapter 2 – Product Description • Chapter 3 – Product Specifications • Chapter 4 – Installation Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 1-1 Introduction • Chapter 5 – SATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands • Chapter 6 – Service and Support • Glossary 1.4 TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONS In the Glossary at the back of this manual, you can find definitions for many of the terms used in this manual. In addition, the following abbreviations are used in this manual: • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit • SATA serial advanced technology attachment • bpi bits per inch • DA Double Amplitude (represents ph-pk shaker displacement) • dB decibels • dBA decibels, A weighted • DPS Data Protection System • EOF End Of Frame • FIS Frame Information Source • SPS Shock Protection System • ECC error correcting code • kfci thousands of flux changes per inch • Hz hertz • kB kilobytes • LSB least significant bit • mA milliamperes • MB megabytes (1 MB = 1,000,000 bytes when referring to disk transfer rates or storage capacities and 1,048,576 bytes in all other cases) • Mb/s megabits per second • MB/s megabytes per second • MHz megahertz • ms milliseconds • MSB most significant bit • mV millivolts • ns nanoseconds Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 1-2 Introduction • NCQ Native Command Queuing • SATA Serial ATA • SOF Start Of Frame • tpi tracks per inch • µs microseconds • V volts The typographical and naming conventions used in this manual are listed below. Conventions that are unique to a specific table appear in the notes that follow that table. Typographical Conventions: • Names of Bits: Bit names are presented in initial capitals. An example is the Host Software Reset bit. • Commands: Interface commands are listed in all capitals. An example is WRITE LONG. • Register Names: Registers are given in this manual with initial capitals. An example is the Alternate Status Register. • Parameters: Parameters are given as initial capitals when spelled out, and are given as all capitals when abbreviated. Examples are Prefetch Enable (PE), and Cache Enable (CE). • Hexadecimal Notation: The hexadecimal notation is given in 9-point subscript form. An example is 30H. • Signal Negation: A signal name that is defined as active low is listed with a minus sign following the signal. An example is RD–. • Messages: A message that is sent from the drive to the host is listed in all capitals. An example is ILLEGAL COMMAND. Naming Conventions: • Host: In general, the system in which the drive resides is referred to as the host. • Computer Voice: This refers to items you type at the computer keyboard. These items are listed in 10-point, all capitals, Courier font. An example is FORMAT C:/S. 1.5 REFERENCE For additional information about the Serial ATA/ High Speed Serialized AT Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 1-3 Introduction Attachment, visit the Serial ATA working group at http://www.serialata.org Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 1-4 General Description Chapter 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Maxtor drive leadership continues with the DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA drive - a single head, 7200RPM product. The DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA drives combine performance and value with the Serial ATA interface making a perfect choice for entry level consumers and commercial/business desktop systems transitioning to the new interface. The Serial ATA interface provides the fastest desktop interface with maximum data transfer rates of 1.5 Gb/s and additional features. • Native Command Queuing to improve performance • MHX Dual Processor Architecture maximizes the performance potential of Serial ATA Fluid Dynamic Bearing (FDB) motors minimize drive acoustics, allowing the drive to operate with low sound output. DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA is designed for higher reliability. The drive’s inner diameter load/unload ramp locks the recording head into a protective carrier to cradle the head during shipment and any other time the drive is not in operation. DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA drive delivers high reliability and data integrity and is enhanced using Maxtor developed Shock Protection System (SPS) and Data Protection System (DPS). SPS and DPS give the user enhanced protection against both operating and non-operating shock and verify essential functions in seconds to minimize costly drive returns. • Serial ATA, 1.5 Gb/s • Native Command Queuing to improve performance • MHX Dual Processor Architecture maximizes the performance potential of Serial ATA • No need to add or remove jumpers for simplified system configurations • Supports today’s entry capacity - 40GB • Leading mainstream performance from 7200RPM rotation speed • FDB (Fluid Dynamic Bearing) motor for quiet operation • Low height to improve airflow and cooling Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 2-1 General Description • Low weight to reduce shipping costs • Improved reliability with: ~ Shock Protection System ~ Data Protection System 2.2 THE SERIAL ATA INTERFACE Serial ATA is the next generation ATA interface. It provides faster data transfer speeds, more bandwidth, more potential for speed increases in future generations and better data integrity. Serial ATA hardware is smaller and more compact than traditional parallel ATA components. A powerful command set and hot plug features make Serial ATA very attractive for RAID applications. With a maximum external interface data transfer speed of 1.5 Gb/s, Serial ATA improves hard drive performance to keep pace with increasing data intensive environments such as audio/video, consumer electronics and entry-level servers. Serial ATA brings these powerful benefits for storage solutions: • Performance increase to 1.5Gb/s maximum external (burst) data transfer rate • Thin cables for easy routing and improved cooling inside a PC chassis or JBOD box • Maximum cable length increases to 1 meter for increased design and layout flexibility in a system • Thinner cables improve system airflow and cooling efficiency • Backward compatible with existing parallel ATA software and drivers, to allow upgrading from ATA hardware to Serial ATA hardware without having to change software drivers or applications. For additional information about how Serial ATA emulates parallel ATA, refer to the “Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized AT Attachment, revision 1.0a” specification. The specification can be downloaded from http://www.serialata.com 2.3 KEY FEATURES The DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA hard disk drives include the following key features: General • Formatted storage capacity of 40.0 GB • Low profile, 17.5 mm high • 7200 RPM spin speed • Industry standard 3 1/2-inch form factor Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 2-2 General Description • Emulation of IBM® PC AT® task file register, and all AT fixed disk commands • Windows 2000TM, WinXP, and 9X Certification Performance • Native Command Queuing • 10.1 ms seek time • Average rotational latency of 4.17ms • 2 MB buffer with 1.9MB (approximate) Advance Cache Management (ACM). • Advanced Multi-burst ECC on-the-fly • Support of all standard ATA data transfer modes with PIO mode 4 and multiword DMA mode 2, and Ultra DMA modes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 • Quiet Drive Technology (QDT) • Advanced Native Serial ATA 2 interface using 1.5 Gb/s interface • Fluid Dynamic Bearing Motor for quiet idle operation Reliability • Latching Serial ATA cable connector • 57 Byte Reed-Soloman ECC with up to 54 Byte correction capability. • S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) • Auto Park and Lock actuator mechanism • Transparent media defect mapping • High performance, in-line defective sector skipping • Reassignment of defective sectors discovered in the field, without reformatting • Shock Protection System to reduce handling induced failures • Data Protection System to verify drive integrity • High durability with 50,000 cycles for reliable load/unload functions Versatility • Power saving modes • Downloadable firmware Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 2-3 General Description 2.4 REGULATORY COMPLIANCE STANDARDS Maxtor Corporation’s disk drive products meet all domestic and international product safety regulatory compliance requirements. Maxtor’s disk drive products conform to the following specifically marked Product Safety Standards: • Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Standard 1950. This certificate is a category certification pertaining to all 3.5-inch series drives models. • Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Standard C.22.2 No. 1950. This certificate is a category certification pertaining to all 3.5-inch series drives models. • TUV Rheinland Standard EN60 950. This certificate is a category certification pertaining to all 3.5-inch series drives models. Product EMI/EMS Qualifications: • CE Mark authorization is granted by TUV Rheinland in compliance with our qualifying under EN 55022:1998 and EN 55024:1998. • C-Tick Mark is an Australian authorization marked noted on Maxtor’s disk drive products. The mark proves conformity to the regulatory compliance document AS/NZS 3548: 1995 and CISPR 22: 2002. • Maxtor’s disk drives are designed as a separate subassembly that conforms to the FCC Rules for Radiated and Conducted emissions, Part 15 Subpart J; Class B when installed in a given computer system. • Approval from Taiwan BSMI. Number: 3892A638 2.5 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS The DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA hard disk drives are compatible with SATA equipped IBM PC AT computers and SATA equipped systems that are compatible with the IBM PC AT. It connects to the PC either by means of a third-party SATA adapter board, or by plugging a cable from the drive directly into a PC motherboard that supplies an SATA interface. The DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA is also compatible with Serial ATA equipped Host Bus Adaptors (HBAs) in storage sub-systems and other non PC applications. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 2-4 Product Specifications Chapter 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS 3.1 Models and Capacities MODEL NUMBERS NON ROHS COMPLIANT ROHS COMPLIANT * 6E040T0 6N040T0* Formatted Capacity (GB LBA Mode) 40GB GB means 1 billion bytes. Total accessible capacity varies depending on operating environment. * Complies with European Union Directive on Restriction of Hazardous Substances (Section 3.13) 3.2 Drive Configuration MODEL 6E040T0 40GB Data Surfaces/Number of Heads 1 Number of Disks 1 Sectors per Drive (max LBA) Integrated Interface Recording Method Servo Type Number of Servo Sectors Data Zones per Surface 80,293,248 Maxtor SATA 1.5 Gb/s PRML Embedded 180 16 Data Sectors per Track (ID/OD) 720/1140 Areal Density (Gbits/in2 max, ID/OD) 63.2/49.7 Flux Density (kfci, ID/OD) OD=583 ID = 743 Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 3-1 Product Specifications MODEL 6E040T0 Recording Density (kbpi, ID/OD) Track Density (ktpi) 3.3 40GB ID = 713 OD = 560 88.7 Performance Specifications MODEL 6E040T0 40GB Seek Times (typical read, ms) Track-to-Track Seek 0.8 Average (normal seek) ≤ 10.1 Full Stroke (normal seek) ≤ 18.0 Average Latency (ms) 4.17 Controller Overhead (ms) <0.3 Rotation Speed (RPM ±0.5%) 7200 Data Transfer Speed (MByte/sec max) Interface Transfer Speed (Gb/s) 1.5 To/From Media (ID/OD up to nn.n, where nn.n is the maximum transfer rate possible) ID = 463 OD = 738 Sustained (ID/OD up to nn.n, where nn.n is the maximum transfer rate possible) ID = 38.2 OD = 60.5 Data Buffer Size (MB)/Type Drive Ready Time (typical sec) 3.4 2/SDRAM <6.0 Physical Dimensions PARAMETER Height (maximum in mm) VALUE 17.5 Width (typical mm) 101.6 Length (maximum in mm) 146.3 Weight (maximum in lbs/grams) 1.12/ ≤ 510 Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 3-2 Product Specifications 3.5 Power Requirements MODE 12V (MA) 5V (MA) POWER (W) 1562 621 21.8 Seek 502 392 8.0 Read/Write 461 414 7.6 Idle 425 230 6.2 Standby 36 229 1.6 Sleep 36 228 1.6 Spin-up (peak) Note: Power numbers are typical values. 3.6 Power Mode Definitions Spin-up The disk drive is spinning up following initial application of power and has not yet reached full speed. Seek A random access operation by the drive. Read/Write Data is being randomly read from or written to the drive. Idle The drive is spinning, the actuator is parked and powered off and all other circuitry is powered on. The drive is capable of responding to read commands within 40 ms. Standby The motor is not spinning. The drive will leave this mode upon receipt of a command that requires disk access. The time-out value for this mode is programmable. The buffer is active to accept write data. Sleep This is the lowest power state – with the interface set to inactive. A software reset is required to return the drive to the Standby state. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 3-3 Product Specifications 3.7 EPA Energy Star Compliance Maxtor Corporation supports the goals of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Energy Star program to reduce the electrical power consumption of computer equipment. 3.8 Environmental Limits PARAMETER 0° C to 60° C Temperature NON-OPERATING/ STORAGE OPERATING low temperature (-40° C) high temperature (71° C) per MIL-STD-810E, method 501.3, climatic category; hot-induced conditions. Thermal Gradient 30° C per hour (maximum) Relative Humidity 5% to 95% (non-condensing) Wet Bulb 30° C (maximum) Altitude (relative to sea level) -650 to 10,000 feet Acoustic Noise2 IDLE MODE (Track Following at Speed) Fluid Bearing 2.8 bel average 3.0 bel maximum NORMAL SEEK MODE 3.0 bel average 3.2 bel maximum -650 to 40,000 feet QUIET SEEK MODE 2.9 average 3.1 maximum Notes: 1. Margin Demonstrated implies the product will operate at the stated conditions with an acceptable impact to the ARR specification for any OEM requiring those values in their purchase specification. 2. The testing performed by Maxtor is consistent with ISO 7779. Variation in acoustic levels from the idle specification may occur due to offline activity according to the SMART specification and/or atmospheric conditions. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 3-4 Product Specifications 3.9 Shock and Vibration PARAMETER OPERATING NON-OPERATING Mechanical Shock R=0.988/shock at 60 Gs; R= 0.999/shock at 30 Gs 2 msec, 1/2 sine R=0.90@>= 300G R=0.95@>= 250G R=0.99@>= 200G Rotational Shock R=0.988 @ 2000 rad/sec2 R=0.95 @ 20K rad/sec2,1ms input R=0.99 @ 15K rad/sec2,2ms input Rotational Random Vibration 10 - 2000 Hz 12.5 rad/sec2 RMS Overall 2 - 300 Hz 96.5 rad/sec2 RMS Random Vibration 10 - 2000 Hz 0.86 GRMS Overall PSD: 7 - 800 Hz at 3.08 GRMS No Damage Linear Sine Vibration Frequency (Hz) 10 260 1000 Acceleration (Gpk) 1.000 1.000 0.050 Rotational Sine Vibration Frequency (Hz) Acceleration (Rad/Sec2pk ) 12.500 12.500 0.700 10 260 1000 Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 3-5 Product Specifications 3.10 Reliability Specifications Annualized Return Rate <1.0% Annualized Return Rate (ARR) indicates the average against products shipped. ARR includes all reasons for returns (failures, handling, damage, NDF) but does not include inventory credit returns. Load/Unload Cycles 50,000 This indicates the average minimum cycles for reliable load/unload function. Data Reliability <1 per 10e15 bits read- Data errors (non-recoverable). Average data error rate allowed with all error recovery features activated. Component Design Life - 5 years (minimum) Component design life is defined as a.) the time period before identified wear-out mechanisms impact the failure rate, or b.) the time period up to the wear-out point when useful component life expires. 3.11 EMC/EMI 3.11.1 Radiated Electromagnetic Field Emissions - EMC Compliance The hard disk drive mechanism is designed as a subassembly for installation into a suitable enclosure and is therefore not subject to Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules (47CFR15) or the Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations. Although not required, the disk mechanism has been tested within a suitable end-use product and found to comply with Class B limits of the FCC Rules and Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications. The CE Marking indicates conformity with the European Union Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC) when the disk mechanism is installed in a typical personal computer. Maxtor recommends that testing and analysis for EMC compliance be performed with the disk mechanism installed within the user's end-use application. 3.11.2 Canadian Emissions Statement This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the radio interference regulations of the Canadian department of communications. Le present appareil numerique n'emet pas de bruit radioelectriques depassant les limites applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class B prescrites dans le reglement sur le brouillage radioelectrique edicte pa le ministere des communications du Canada. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 3-6 Product Specifications 3.12 Safety Regulatory Compliance All Maxtor hard drives comply with relevant product safety standards such as CE, CUL, TUV and UL rules and regulations. As delivered, Maxtor hard drives are designed for system integration before they are used. 3.13 RoHS Compliance Versions of DiamondMax 8S drives, commonly called RoHS, will become available during 2005 that will meet the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) compliance directive of the European Union as applicable. The full description of this legislation, is “Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 27 January 2003 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment”. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 3-7 Installation Chapter 4 INSTALLATION This chapter explains how to unpack, configure, mount, and connect the Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA hard disk drive prior to operation. It also explains how to start up and operate the drive. 4.1 SPACE REQUIREMENTS The Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA hard disk drives are shipped without a faceplate. Figure 4-1 shows the external dimensions of the Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA drives. (Diagram used for illustrative purposes. Actual drive configuration may differ) Figure 4-1 Mechanical Dimensions of Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA Hard Disk Drive Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-1 Installation 4.2 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS CAUTION: The maximum limits for physical shock can be exceeded if the drive is not handled properly. Special care should be taken not to bump or drop the drive. It is highly recommended that Maxtor DiamondMax 8 SATA drives are not stacked or placed on any hard surface after they are unpacked. Such handling could cause media damage. 1. Open the shipping container and remove the packing assembly that contains the drive. 2. Remove the drive from the packing assembly. CAUTION: During shipment and handling, the antistatic electrostatic discharge (ESD) bag prevents electronic component damage due to electrostatic discharge. To avoid accidental damage to the drive, do not use a sharp instrument to open the ESD bag and do not touch PCB components. Save the packing materials for possible future use. 3. When you are ready to install the drive, remove it from the ESD bag. Figure 4-2 Single Pack Shipping Container Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-2 Installation Figure 4-3 25 Pack Shipping Container Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-3 Installation 4.3 HARDWARE OPTIONS The configuration of a Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA hard disk drive depends on the host system in which it is to be installed. This section describes the hardware options that you must take into account prior to installation. 4.3.1 Jumper Position The DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA interface connector shown in Figure 4-4 includes a position for a jumper. See section 4.3.2 Staggered Spin-up, for details on how the jumper is used. 4.3.2 Staggered Spin-up The staggered spin-up feature allows the host to control when a SATA drive initiates spin-up. In a system with many drives, the host may choose not to spin all disk drives at one time, but instead spin up the drives in a sequence. In the latter case, the host “staggers” the time at which each drive spins-up. DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA implements the staggered spin-up feature as defined by the SATA II Extensions to Serial ATA 1.0a revision 1.2 specification. After power is applied to the drive, and before the first FIS is received, the drive samples pin 11 on the power connector (See Figure 4-4 ). If the pin is sampled as low or grounded, then Staggered Spin-up is disabled and the drive automatically spins up. If the pin is sampled as floating or high, then Staggered Sign-up is enabled and the drive waits for COMRESET and PHY initialization before spinning up. For more details on SATA PHY initialization, see section 6.8 of the Serial ATA: High speed Serialized AT Attachment Specification, revision 1.0a. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-4 Installation Figure 4-4 DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA Power/Interface Connector Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-5 Installation For systems using Serial ATA cables, the Serial ATA II specification mandates that host systems connecting to disk drives using SATA cables must ground Pin 11, resulting in disabling staggered spin-up. Typical desktop systems use this configuration. In backplane (non-cabled) environments or other systems that do not ground Pin 11, DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA samples pin 11 after power up and before the first FIS is received, detects the floating or high condition of Pin 11, and enables staggered spin-up. In such a system, the host initiates spin-up by sending a COMRESET signal to the drive. Where Pin 11 has been grounded, but the system builder wants Staggered Spin-up enabled, DiamondMax 8S drives allow use of a jumper to turn on Staggered Spinup mode. Using a jumper will force a staggered spin-up, overriding whatever state is on Pin 11. Putting a jumper across the jumper pins (See Figure 4-4) forces the drive to delay spin-up, whether Pin 11 is grounded or not. In older systems where Pin 11 is grounded, this method provides the ability to sequentially spin-up each drive in the system. Table 4-1 shows the different configuration for staggered spin-up when using Pin 11 or jumper. Table 4-1 SATA Pin 11 and Jumper Configuration Native SATA Power-Up Modes Jumper Condition SATA-P11 Behavior No Jumper Low Float/ High1 Drive Spins Up Drive doesn’t spin up until PHY initialization completes Jumper Inserted Any State Drive doesn’t spin-up until PHY unitization completes Note: 1. Pin 11 must not exceed 3.6V. Note: 2. If a jumper is required, Maxtor recommends a 2 position, low profile shunt with 2 mm pitch and gold finish. CAUTION: The PCB is very close to the mounting holes. Do not exceed the specified penetration for the mounting screws. The specified screw penetration allows full use of the mounting hole threads, while avoiding damaging or placing unwanted stress on the PCB. Figure 4-5 specifies the minimum clearance between the PCB and the screws in the mounting holes. The Maxtor hard drive design allows greater shock tolerance than that afforded by larger, heavier drives. The drive may be mounted in any attitude using four size 6-32 screws with 3 mm maximum penetration and a maximum torque of 5-inch pounds. Allow adequate ventilation to the drive to ensure reliable operation. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-6 Installation 4.4 MOUNTING Drive mounting orientation, clearance, and ventilation requirements are described in the following subsections. 4.4.1 Orientation The mounting holes on the Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA hard disk drives allow the drive to be mounted in any orientation. Figure 4-5 shows the location of the three mounting holes on each side of the drive. The drive can also be mounted using the four mounting hole locations on the PCB side of the drive. Note: It is highly recommended that the drive is hard mounted on to the chassis of the system being used for general operation, as well as for test purposes. Failure to hard mount the drive can result in erroneous errors during testing. Drives can be mounted in any orientation. Normal position is with the PCB facing down. All dimensions are in millimeters. For mounting, #6-32 UNC screws are recommended. Figure 4-5 Mounting Screw Clearance Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-7 Installation Clearance from the drive to any other surface (except mounting surfaces) must be a minimum of 1.25 mm (0.05 inches). Figure 4-6 Mounting Dimensions and Clearance Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-8 Installation 4.4.2 Ventilation The Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA hard disk drives operate without a cooling fan, provided the ambient air temperature does not exceed 140° F (60° C). 4.5 COMMBINATION CONNECTOR (J1) The DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA is equipped with a serial ATA interface connector with integrated power connector, as shown in Figure 4-4. 4.5.1 DC Power (J1, Section A) The recommended mating connectors for the +5 VDC and +12 VDC input power are listed in Table 4-2. Device Plug Connector Pin Definitions. 4.5.2 External Drive Activity LED DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA supports the activity LED through Pin 11 as defined by the SATA II Extensions to Serial ATA 1.0a r1.2 specification. In systems with SATA cables, the Serial ATA II spec mandates that pin 11 is grounded. However, in a backplane environment or other system where Pin 11 is not grounded, DiamondMax 8S may drive an “activity indicator LED” via pin 11. After power up and before the first FIS is received, the drive samples pin 11 to detect whether to enable/disable staggered spinup mode (see section 4.3.2). After sampling Pin 11, Pin 11 is driven by the disk drive as needed to turn the LED on. Note that pin 11 behaves like an open collector output, sinking current to activate an LED. 4.5.3 SATA Bus Interface Connector There are two ways you can configure a system to allow the Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA hard disk drives to communicate over the Serial ATA bus of an IBM or IBM-compatible PC: 1. Connect the drive to a Serial ATA bus connector on the motherboard of the PC. 2. Install an SATA adapter board in the PC, and connect the drive to the adapter board. To prevent the possibility of incorrect installation, the connector is polarized. This ensures that a connector cannot be installed upside down. See Chapter 6 “Cables and Connectors Specifications” in the “Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized AT Attachment, Revision 1.0a” specification for more information about cable and power requirements. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-9 Installation 4.6 FOR SYSTEMS WITH A MOTHERBOARD CONTAINING AN EMBEDDED SATA HOST You can install the Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA hard disk drive in a SATA compatible system that contains a SATA bus connector on the motherboard. To connect the DiamondMax hard disk drive to the motherboard use a SATA cable to connect the drive to the motherboard. Note that power and signal cables should be connected before power is applied to the drive or motherboard. 4.7 FOR SYSTEMS WITH AN ADD-IN SATA ADAPTER BOARD If your PC motherboard does not contain a built-in Serial ATA bus interface connector, you must install a Serial ATA bus adapter board and connecting cable to allow the drive to interface with the motherboard. Maxtor does not supply such an adapter board, but they are available from several third-party vendors. Please carefully read the instruction manual that comes with your adapter board to ensure signal compatibility between the adapter board and the drive. Also, make sure that the adapter board jumper settings are appropriate. 4.7.1 Connecting the Adapter Board and the Drive 1. Locate an available Serial ATA (SATA) port on your motherboard or on a SATA PCI card and plug in one end of the SATA interface cable. 2. Locate the SATA port on the rear of the hard drive and plug in the SATA interface cable as shown in Figure 4-7. 3. Secure the drive to the system chassis by using the mounting screws, as shown in Figure 4-8. Note: If you have an existing installation of Windows 2000 or XP, you must install a Windows driver for the SATA interface before connecting the drive. Suppliers of host adapters, motherboards, and systems with embedded SATA, typically supply SATA drivers. For maximum compatibility, Maxtor recommends downloading and installing the latest SATA driver from the website of the host adapter, motherboard, or system manufacturer. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-10 Installation Table 4-2 Device Plug Connector Pin Definitions Signal Segment S1 Ground S2 A+ S3 A- S4 Ground S5 B- S6 B+ S7 Ground 2nd Mate Differential signal pair A from Phy 2nd Mate Differential signal pair B from Phy 2nd Mate Signal Segment “L” Central Connector Polarizer Power Segment “L” Power Segment P1 V33 3.3V power1 P2 V33 3.3V power1 P3 V33 3.3V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate1 P4 Ground 1st mate P5 Ground 2nd mate2 P6 Ground 2nd mate P7 V5 5V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate P8 V5 5V power P9 V5 5V power P10 Ground 2nd mate P11 Reserved 1. The pin corresponding to P11 in the backplane receptacle connector is used to enable staggered spin-up and activity LED features, when used in backplane enviroments. 2. The corresponding pin to be mated with P11 in the power cable receptacle connector will always be grounded. P12 Ground 1st mate P13 V12 12V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate P14 V12 12V power P15 V12 12V power POWER SEGMENT KEY Note 1. 3.3V power is not used by DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-11 Installation Note 2. Host system should ground P4,P5, and P6. Failure to do so may cause improper drive operation. The following points should be noted: All pins are in a single row, with a 1.27 mm (.050”) pitch. • The comments on the mating sequence apply to the case of backplane blind mate connector only. In this case, the mating sequences are: (1) the ground pins P4 and P12; (2) the precharge power pins and the other ground pins; and (3) the signal pins and the rest of the power pins. • There are three power pins for each voltage. One pin from each voltage is used for pre-charge in the backplane blindmate situation. • If a device uses 3.3 V, then all V33 pins must be terminated. Otherwise, it is optional to terminate any of the V33 pins. If a device uses 5.0 V, then all V5 pins must be terminated. Otherwise, it is optional to terminate any of the V5 pins. • If a device uses 12.0 V, then all V12 pins must be terminated. Otherwise, it is optional to terminate any of the V12 pins. Figure 4-7 Drive Power Supply and SATA Bus Interface Cables Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-12 Installation Figure 4-8 Completing the Drive Installation Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 4-13 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Chapter 5 SATA BUS INTERFACE AND ATA COMMANDS This chapter describes the interface between DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA hard disk drives and the Serial ATA bus. The commands that are issued from the host to control the drive are listed, as well as the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the interface. 5.1 INTRODUCTION Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA hard disk drives use the Serial ATA interface. Support of various options in the standard are explained in the following sections. 5.2 MECHANICAL INTERFACE 5.2.1 Signal Cable and Connector The DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA hard disk drive contains a unitized connector for both signal and power connections. 5.3 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE 5.3.1 SATA Bus Interface 5.3.1.1 Electrical Characteristics Signals on the SATA interface are assigned to connector pins according to Section 6.3.4 in the Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized ATA Attachment standard. The signaling protocol complies with Section 6.6 of the standard. 5.4 REGISTER ADDRESS DECODING The DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA hard disk drives allow their host systems to address the full set of command and control registers as specified in clause 5 and 6 of the ATA/ATAPI-7, volume 1 standard. 5.5 COMMAND INTERFACE 5.5.1 General Feature Set The µProcessor, Disk Controller, and SATA Interface electronics are contained in a proprietary ASIC developed by Maxtor. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-1 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands 5.5.2 Supported Commands The DiamondMax 8S 40GB Serial ATA hard disk drives support all the mandatory commands from the general feature set for devices not supporting the Packet command feature set. Refer to the ATA/ATAPI-7, volume 1 standard for a detailed description of these commands. The IDENTIFY DRIVE command, however, is elaborated in Identify Drive Command Parameters, table 5-2. Table 5-1 lists the supported commands. Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Command Code Feature Register Value(s) CHECK POWER MODE 98h, E5h DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK B1h C1h DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY B1h C2h DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE B1h C0h DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET B1h C3h DOWNLOAD MICROCODE 92h 07h, 01h EXECUTE DRIVE DIAGNOSTIC 90h FLUSH CACHE E7h FLUSH CASHE EXT EAh IDENTIFY DEVICE ECh IDLE 97h, E3h IDLE IMMEDIATE 95h, E1h INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS 91h NOP 00h READ BUFFER E4h READ DMA C8h, C9h READ LONG 22h, 23h READ LONG EXT 2Fh READ MULTIPLE C4h Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-2 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Command Code Feature Register Value(s) READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS F8h READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT 27h READ SECTOR(S) 20h, 21h READ SECTOR(S) EXT 24h READ DMA EXT 25h READ DMA QUEUED C7h READ DMA QUEUED EXT 26h READ MULTIPLE EXT 29h READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) 40h, 41h READ VERIFY SECTOR(S)EXT 42h READ FPDMA QUEUED 60h SECURITY DISABLE PASSWORD F6h SECURITY ERASE PREPARE F3h SECURITY ERASE UNIT F4h SECURITY FREEZE LOCK F5H SECURITY SET PASSWORD F1h SECURITY UNLOCK F2h SEEK 70h SET FEATURES EFh Note 1 SET MAX ADDRESS F9h 00h SET MAX ADDRESS EXT 37h SET MAX SET PASSWORD F9h 01h SET MAX LOCK F9h 02h SET MAX UNLOCK F9h 03h SET MAX FREEZE LOCK F9h 04h Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-3 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Code Command Feature Register Value(s) SET MULTIPLE MODE C6h SLEEP 99h, E6h SMART DISABLE AUTO OFFLINE B0h DBh SMART DISABLE OPERATIONS B0h D9h SMART ENABLE OPERATIONS B0h D8h SMART ENABLE/DISABLE ATTRIBUTE AUTOSAVE B0h D2h SMART EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE B0h D4h SMART READ DATA B0h D0h SMART READ LOG B0h D5h SMART RETURN STATUS B0h DAh SMART SAVE ATTRIBUTE VALUES B0h D3h SMART WRITE LOG B0h D6h STANDBY 96h, E2h STANDBY IMMEDIATE 94h, E0h WRITE BUFFER E8h WRITE DMA CAh, CBh WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61h WRITE MULTIPLE C5h WRITE MULITPLE FUA EXT CEh WRITE PIO OVERLAP 34h WRITE SECTOR(S) 30h, 31h WRITE SECTOR(S) EXT 34h WRITE DMA EXT 35h WRITE DMA QUEUED CCh WRITE DMA QUEUED EXT 36h Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-4 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Code Command WRITE MULITPLE EXT 39h WRITE VERIFY 3Ch WRITE DMA FUA EXT 3Dh WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT 3Eh Feature Register Value(s) Note: 1. As defined in the ATA/ATAPI-6 standard. Identify Drive Command This command allows the host to receive parameter information from the drive. When the command is received, the drive: 1. Sets BSY 2. Stores the required parameter information in the sector buffer 3. Sets the DRQ bit 4. Generates an interrupt The host may then read the information out of the sector buffer. Parameter words in the buffer are shown in Table 5-2. Note: All reserved bits or words should be zeroes. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-5 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameter Word 0 Content Description General configuration bit-significant information: 15: 0 = ATA device 14-8: Retired 7: 1 = removable media device 6: Obsolete 5-3: Retired 2: Response incomplete 1: Retired 0: Reserved 1 Obsolete 2 Specific configuration 3 Obsolete 4-5 Retired 6 Obsolete 7-8 9 Reserved for assignment by the CompactFlash Association Retired 10-19 Serial number (20 ASCII characters) 20-21 Retired 22 Obsolete 23-26 Firmware revision (8 ASCII characters) 27-46 Model number (40 ASCII characters) 47 15-8: 80h 7-0: 00h = Reserved 01h-FFh: = Maximum number of sectors that shall be transferred per interrupt on READ/WRITE MULTIPLE commands 48 Reserved Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-6 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 49 Content Description Capabilities 15-14: Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command. 13: 1 = Standby timer values as specified in this standard are supported. 0 = Standby timer values shall be managed by the device 50 51-52 12: Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command. 11: 1 = IORDY supported. 0 = IORDY may be supported 10: 1 = IORDY may be disabled 9: 1 = LBA supported 8: 1 = DMA supported. 7-0: Retired Capabilities 15: Shall be cleared to zero. 14: Shall be set to one. 13-2: Reserved. 1: Obsolete 0: Shall be set to one to indicate a device specific Standby timer value minimum. Obsolete Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-7 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 53 Content Description 15-3: Reserved 2: 1 = the fields reported in word 88 are valid. 0 = the fields reported in word 88 are not valid 1: 1 = the fields reported in words (70:64) are valid. 0 = the fields reported in words (70:64) are not valid 0: 54-58 59 60-61 Obsolete Obsolete 15-9: Reserved 8: 1 = Multiple sector setting is valid 7-0: xxh = Current setting for number of sectors that shall be transferred per interrupt on R/W Multiple command Total number of user addressable sectors 62 Obsolete 63 15-11: Reserved 10: 1 = Multiword DMA mode 2 is selected. 0 = Multiword DMA mode 2 is not selected 9: 1 = Multiword DMA mode 1 is selected. 0 = Multiword DMA mode 1 is not selected 8: 1 = Multiword DMA mode 0 is selected. 0 = Multiword DMA mode 0 is not selected 64 7-3: Reserved 2: 1 = Multiword DMA mode 2 and below are supported 1: 1 = Multiword DMA mode 1 and below are supported 0: 1 = Multiword DMA mode 0 is supported 15-8: Reserved 7-0: PIO modes supported Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-8 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 65 Content Description Minimum Multiword DMA transfer cycle time per word 15-0: 66 Manufacturer’s recommended Multiword DMA transfer cycle time 15-0: 67 Cycle time in nanoseconds Minimum PIO transfer cycle time without flow control 15-0: 68 Cycle time in nanoseconds Cycle time in nanoseconds Minimum PIO transfer cycle time with IORDY flow control 15-0: Cycle time in nanoseconds 69-70 Reserved (for future command overlap and queuing) 71-74 Reserved for IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command. 75 As defined in the ATA reference 76 Serial ATA capabilities 15-10 Reserved 9 Supports receipt of host-initiated interface power management requests 8-4 Reserved 3 Reserved for future Serial ATA 2 1= Supports SERIAL ATA Gen-2 signaling speed 1 1= Supports SERIAL ATA Gen -1 signaling speed (1.5Gbps) 0 Reserved (set to 0) 77 Reserved for future Serial ATA definition 78 Serial ATA features supported 15-4 Reserved 3 1= device supports initiating interface power management 2 1= supports DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization 1 1= supports non-zero buffer offsets in DMA Setup FIS 0 0= Reserved (set to 0) 79 Serial ATA features enabled 15-4 Reserved 3 1= device supports initiating interface power management enabled 2 1= supports DMA Setup Auto-Active optimization enabled 1 1= supports non-zero buffer offsets in DMA Setup FIS 0 0= Reserved (set to 0) Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-9 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 80 Content Description Major version number 0000h or FFFFh = device does not report version 15: Reserved 14: Reserved for ATA/ATAPI-14 13: Reserved for ATA/ATAPI-13 12: Reserved for ATA/ATAPI-12 11: Reserved for ATA/ATAPI-11 10: Reserved for ATA/ATAPI-10 9: Reserved for ATA/ATAPI-9 8: Reserved for ATA/ATAPI-8 7: 1 = supports ATA/ATAPI-7 6: 1 = supports ATA/ATAPI-6 5: 1 = supports ATA/ATAPI-5 4: 1 = supports ATA/ATAPI-4 3: 1 = supports ATA-3 2: Obsolete 1: Obsolete 0: Reserved Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-10 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 81 Content Description Minor version number 0000h or FFFFh = device does not report version. 0001h-FFFEh = see 6.16.41 of ATA/ATAPI-7 specification 82 Command set supported. 15: Obsolete 14: 1 = NOP command supported 13: 1 = READ BUFFER command supported 12: 1 = WRITE BUFFER command supported 11: Obsolete 10: 1 = Host Protected Area feature set supported 9: 1 = DEVICE RESET command supported 8: 1 = SERVICE interrupt supported 7: 1 = release interrupt supported 6: 1 = look-ahead supported 5: 1 = write cache supported 4: Shall be cleared to zero to indicate that the PACKET Command feature set is not supported 3: 1 = mandatory Power Management feature set supported 2: 1 = Removable Media feature set supported 1: 1 = Security Mode feature set supported 0: 1 = SMART feature set supported Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-11 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 83 Content Description Command sets supported. 15: Shall be cleared to zero 14: Shall be set to on 13: 1 = FLUSH CACHE EXT command supported 12: 1 = mandatory FLUSH CACHE command supported 11: 1 = Device Configuration Overlay feature set supported 10: 1 = 48-bit Address feature set supported 9: 1 = Automatic Acoustic Management feature set supported 8: 1 = SET MAX security extension supported 7: See Address Offset Reserved Area Boot, INCITS TR27:2001 6: 1 = SET FEATURES subcommand required to spinup after power-up 5: 1 = Power-Up In Standby feature set supported 4: 1 = Removable Media Status Notification feature set supported 3: 1 = Advanced Power Management feature set supported 2: 1 = CFA feature set supported 1: 1 = READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED supported 0: 1 = DOWNLOAD MICROCODE command supported Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-12 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 84 Content Description Command set/feature supported extension. 15: Shall be cleared to zero 14: Shall be set to one 13: 1= Device supports IDLE IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD FEATURE 12: Reserved for technical report 11: Reserved for technical report 10: 1= The device supports the URG bit for WRITE STREAM DMA EXT and WRITE STREAM EXT commands 9: 1= The device supports the URG bit for READ STREAM DMA EXT and READ STREAM EXT commands 8: 1= The device supports a world wide name 7: 1 = WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT command supported 6: 1 = WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT commands supported 5: 1 = General Purpose Logging feature set supported 4: 1 = Streaming feature set supported 3: 1 = Media Card Pass Through Command feature set supported 2: 1 = Media serial number supported 1: 1 = SMART self-test supported 0: 1 = SMART error logging supported Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-13 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 85 Content Description Command set/feature enabled. 15: Obsolete 14: 1 = NOP command enabled 13: 1 = READ BUFFER command enabled 12: 1 = WRITE BUFFER command enabled 11: Obsolete 10: 1 = Host Protected Area feature set enabled 9: 1 = DEVICE RESET command enabled 8: 1 = SERVICE interrupt enabled 7: 1 = release interrupt enabled 6: 1 = look-ahead enabled 5: 1 = write cache enabled 4: Shall be cleared to zero to indicate that the PACKET Command feature set is not supported. 3: 1 = Power Management feature set enabled 2: 1 = Removable Media feature set enabled 1: 1 = Security Mode feature set enabled 0: 1 = SMART feature set enabled Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-14 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 86 Content Description Command set/feature enabled. 15-14: Reserved 13: 1 = FLUSH CACHE EXT command supported 12: 1 = FLUSH CACHE command supported 11: 1 = Device Configuration Overlay supported 10: 1 = 48-bit Address features set supported 9: 1 = Automatic Acoustic Management feature set enabled 8: 1 = SET MAX security extension enabled by SET MAX SET PASSWORD 7: See Address Offset Reserved Area Boot, INCITS TR27:2001 6: 1 = SET FEATURES subcommand required to spin-up after power-up 5: 1 = Power-Up In Standby feature set enabled 4: 1 = Removable Media Status Notification feature set enabled 3: 1 = Advanced Power Management feature set enabled 2: 1 = CFA feature set enabled 1: 1 = READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED command supported 0: 1 = DOWNLOAD MICROCODE command supported Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-15 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 87 Content Description Command set/feature default. 15: Shall be cleared to zero 14: Shall be set to one 13: 1= The device supports IDLE IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD FEATURE 12: Reserved for technical report 11: Reserved for technical report 10: 1= The device supports the URG bit for WRITE STREAM DMA EXT and WRITE STREAM EXT commands 9: 1= The device supports the URG bit for READ STREAM DMA EXT and READ STREAM EXT commands. 8: 1= The device supports a world wide name. 7: 1 = WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT command supported 6: 1 = WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT commands supported 5: General Purpose Logging feature set supported 4: 1 = Valid CONFIGURE STREAM command has been executed 3: 1 = Media Card Pass Through Command feature set enabled 2: 1 = Media serial number is valid 1: 1 = SMART self-test supported 0: 1 = SMART error logging supported Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-16 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 88 Content Description 15: Reserved 14: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 6 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 6 is not selected 13: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 5 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 5 is not selected 12: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 4 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 4 is not selected 11: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 3 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 3 is not selected 10: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 2 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 2 is not selected 9: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 1 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 1 is not selected 8: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 0 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 0 is not selected 7: Reserved 6: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 6 and below are supported 5: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 5 and below are supported 4: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 4 and below are supported 3: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 3 and below are supported 2: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 2 and below are supported 1: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 1 and below are supported 0: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 0 is supported 89 Time required for security erase unit completion 90 Time required for Enhanced security erase completion 91 Current advanced power management value 92 Master Password Revision Code Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-17 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 93 Content Description Hardware reset result. The contents of bits (12:0) of this word shall change only during the execution of a hardware reset 15: Shall be cleared to zero. 14: Shall be set to one. 13: 1 = device detected CBLID- above ViH. 0 = device detected CBLIDbelow ViL 12-8: Device 1 hardware reset result. Device 0 shall clear these bits to zero. Device shall set these bits as follows: 12: Reserved. 11: 0 = Device 1 did not assert PDIAG-. 1 = Device 1 asserted PDIAG-. 10-9: These bits indicate how Device 1 determined the device number: 00 = Reserved. 01 = a jumper was used. 10 = the CSEL signal was used. 11 = some other method was used or the method is unknown. 8: 7-0: Shall be set to one. Device 0 hardware reset result. Device 1 shall clear these bits to zero. Device shall set these bits as follows: 7: Reserved. 6: 0 = Device 0 does not respond when Device 1 is selected. 1 = Device 0 responds when Device 1 is selected. 5: 0 = Device 0 did not detect the assertion of DASP-. 1 = Device 0 detected the assertion of DASP- 4: 0 = Device 0 did not detect the assertion of PDIAG-. 1 = Device 0 detected the assertion of PDIAG-. 3: 0 = Device 0 failed diagnostics. 1 = Device 0 passed diagnostics. 2-1: These bits indicate how Device 0 determined the device number: 00 = Reserved. 01 = a jumper was used. 10 = the CSEL signal was used. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-18 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 94 Content Description 15-8: Vendor’s recommended acoustic management value. 7-0: Current automatic acoustic management value 95 Stream Minimum Request Size 96 Stream Transfer Time - DMA 97 Stream Access Latency - DMA 98-99 100-103 Streaming Performance Granularity Maximum user LBA for 48-bit Address feature set. 104 Stream Transfer Time – PIO 105 Stream Access Latency – PIO 106 Physical sector size 15: Shall be cleared to zero 14: Shall be set to one 13: 1 = Device has multiple logical sectors per physical sector. 12-4: Reserved 3-0: 2X logical sectors per physical sector 107 Inter-seek delay for ISO-7779 acoustic testing in microseconds 108 Shall contain the optional value of the world wide name (WWN) for the device 15-12: shall contain 5h, indicating that the naming authority is IEEE. All other values are reserved. 11-0: Shall contain the Organization Unique Identifier (OUI) for the device manufacturer. The OUI shall be assigned by the IEEE/RAC as specified by ISO/IEC 13213:1994 109 15-4: Shall contain the Organization Unique Identifier (OUI) for the device manufacturer. The OUI shall be assigned by the IEEE/RAC as specified by ISO/IEC 13213:1994 3-0: Shall contain a value assigned by the vendor that is unique for the OUI domain 110 Shall contain a value assigned by the vendor that is unique for the OUI domain 111 Shall contain a value assigned by the vendor that is unique for the OUI domain 115-112 Reserved for a 128-bit world wide name Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-19 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 116 Content Description Reserved for technical report 117-118 Logical Sector Size The value shall be equal to or greater than 256. The value in words 117,118 shall be valid when word 106 bit 12 is set to 1. All logical sectors on a device shall be 117,118 words long. 126-119 Reserved 127 Removable Media Status Notification feature set support 15-2: Reserved 1-0: 00 = Removable Media Status Notification feature set not supported 01 = Removable Media Status Notification feature supported 10 = Reserved 11 = Reserved Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-20 ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Word 128 129-159 160 Content Description Security status 15-9: Reserved 8: Security level 0 = High, 1 = Maximum 7-6: Reserved 5: 1 = Enhanced security erase supported 4: 1 = Security count expired 3: 1 = Security frozen 2: 1 = Security locked 1: 1 = Security enabled 0: 1 = Security supported Vendor specific CFA power mode 1 15: Word 160 supported 14: Reserved 13: CFA power mode 1 is required for one or more commands implemented by the device 12: CFA power mode 1 disabled 11-0: Maximum current in ma 161-175 Reserved for assignment by the CompactFlash Association 176-205 Current media serial number 206-254 Reserved 255 Integrity word 15-8: Checksum 7-0: Signature Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 5-21 Service and Support Chapter 6 SERVICE AND SUPPORT 6.1 GETTING HELP Before contacting Maxtor Support, use the Hard Disk Information feature in MaxBlast to view the model number and serial number of your drive. These numbers can be used to get help from Maxtor Support, register your drive, and look up information on the Maxtor website. Please visit www.maxtor.com to obtain comprehensive support information, such as: • Warranty Services ~ Drive returns (RMS), Warranty Status, Limited Warranty Statement • Product Support ~ Installation Tutorials, Specifications, Jumper Settings, Installation Guides, Product Manuals • Software Downloads ~ Installation Software, Utilities, Diagnostics • Knowledge Base ~ Troubleshooting information, FAQs, resolved problem database • Product Index ~ Current and Legacy Maxtor product’s listing Click on Worldwide Support to access the Knowledge Base, download software updates, register your drive, and get assistance via e-mail. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA 6-1 GLOSSARY A ACCESS – (v) Read, write, or update information on some storage medium, such as a disk. (n) One of these operations. ACCESS TIME – The interval between the time a request for data is made by the system and the time the data is available from the drive. Access time includes the actual seek time, rotational latency, and command processing overhead time. See also seek, rotational latency, and overhead. ACTUATOR – Also known as the positioner. The internal mechanism that moves the read/write head to the proper track. The Maxtor actuator consists of a rotary voice coil and the head mounting arms. One end of each head mounting arm attaches to the rotor with the read/write heads attached at the opposite end of each arm. As current is applied to the rotor, it rotates, positioning the heads over the desired cylinder on the media. ALLOCATION – The process of assigning particular areas of the disk to particular files. See also allocation unit. ALLOCATION UNIT – An allocation unit, also known as a cluster, is a group of sectors on the disk that can be reserved for the use of a particular file. AVERAGE SEEK TIME – The average time it takes for the read/write head to move to a specific location. To compute the average seek time, you divide the time it takes to complete a large number of random seeks all over the disk by the number of seeks performed. the casing of a hard disk drive that tells which tracks are flawed and cannot hold data. The listing is typed into the low-level formatting program when the drive is being installed. Because Maxtor disk drive’s defect-management scheme handles all such flaws automatically, there is no need to concern yourself with bad track tables. BIT – Abbreviation for binary digit. A binary digit may have one of two values—1 or 0. This contrasts with a decimal digit, which may have a value from 0 to 9. A bit is one of the logic 1or logic 0 binary settings that make up a byte of data. See also byte. BLOCK – A sector or group of sectors. By default, a block of data consists of 512 bytes. BPI – Abbreviation for bits per inch. A measure of how densely information is packed on a storage medium. Flux changes per inch is also a term commonly used in describing storage density on a magnetic surface. BUFFER – An area of RAM reserved for temporary storage of data that is waiting to be sent to a device that is not yet ready to receive it. The data is usually on its way to or from the disk drive or some other peripheral device. BUS – The part of a chip, circuit board, or interface designed to send and receive data. BYTE – The basic unit of computer memory, large enough to hold one character of alphanumeric data. Comprised of eight bits. See also bit. C B BACKUP – A copy of a file, directory, or volume on a separate storage device from the original, for the purpose of retrieval in case the original is accidentally erased, damaged, or destroyed. CACHE – Random-access memory used as a buffer between the CPU and a hard disk. Information more likely to be read or changed is placed in the cache, where it can be accessed more quickly to speed up general data flow. BAD BLOCK – A block (usually the size of a sector) that cannot reliably hold data because of a media flaw or damaged format markings. CAPACITY – The amount of information that can be stored on a disk drive. The data is stored in bytes, and capacity is usually expressed in megabytes. BAD TRACK TABLE – A label affixed to CDB – Command Descriptor Block. The Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA G-1 GLOSSARY SCSI structure used to communicate requests from an initiator (system) to a target (drive). CLEAN ROOM – An environmentally controlled dust-free assembly or repair facility in which hard disk drives are assembled or can be opened for internal servicing. CLUSTER – A group of sectors on a disk drive that is addressed as one logical unit by the operating system. CONTROLLER – Short form of disk controller. The chip or complete circuit that translates computer data and commands into a form suitable for use by the disk drive. CONTROLLER CARD – An adapter holding the control electronics for one or more hard disks, usually installed in a slot in the computer. CPU – Acronym for Central Processing Unit. The microprocessor chip that performs the bulk of data processing in a computer. CRC – Acronym for Cyclic Redundancy Check. An error detection code that is recorded within each sector and is used to see whether parts of a string of data are missing or erroneous. CYLINDER – On a disk drive that has more than one recording surface and heads that move to various tracks, the group of all tracks located at a given head position. The number of cylinders times the number of heads equals the number of tracks per drive. D DATA SEPARATOR – On a disk drive that stores data and timing information in an encoded form, the circuit that extracts the data from the combined data and clock signal. DEDICATED SERVO – A surface separate from the surface used for data that contains only disk timing and positioning information and contains no data. DEFECT MANAGEMENT – A method that is implemented to ensure long term data integrity. Defect management eliminates the need for user defect maps. This is accomplished by scanning the disk drives at the factory for defective sectors. Defective sectors are deallocated prior to shipment. In addition, during regular use, the drive continues to scan and compensate for any new defective sectors on the disk. DISK – In general, any circular-shaped data-storage medium that stores data on the flat surface of the platter. The most common type of disk is the magnetic disk, which stores data as magnetic patterns in a metal or metal-oxide coating. Magnetic disks come in two forms: floppy and hard. Optical recording is a newer disk technology that gives higher capacity storage but at slower access times. DISK CONTROLLER – A plug-in board, or embedded circuitry on the drive, that passes information to and from the disk. The Maxtor disk drives all have controllers embedded on the drive printed-circuit board. DISKWARE – The program instructions and data stored on the disk for use by a processor. DMA – Acronym for direct memory access. A process by which data moves directly between a disk drive (or other device) and system memory without passing through the CPU, thus allowing the system to continue processing other tasks while the new data is being retrieved. DRIVE – Short form of disk drive. DRIVE GEOMETRY – The functional dimensions of a drive in terms of the number of heads, cylinders, and sectors per track. See also logical format. E ECC – Acronym for error correction code. The recording of extra verifying information encoded along with the disk data. The controller uses the extra information to check for data errors, and corrects the errors when possible. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA G-2 GLOSSARY EMBEDDED SERVO – A timing or location signal placed on the disk’s surface on the tracks that also store data. These signals allow the actuator to fine-tune the position of the read/write heads. ENCODING – The protocol by which particular data patterns are changed prior to being written on the disk surface as a pattern of On and Off or 1 and 0 signals. EOF - End Of Frame EXTERNAL DRIVE – A drive mounted in an enclosure separate from the PC or computer system enclosure, with its own power supply and fan, and connected to the system by a cable. F FAT – Acronym for file allocation table. A data table stored on the outer edge of a disk that tells the operating system which sectors are allocated to each file and in what order. FCI – Acronym for flux changes per inch. See also BPI. FILE SERVER – A computer that provides network stations with controlled access to shareable resources. The network operating system is loaded on the file server, and most shareable devices (disk subsystems, printers) are attached to it. The file server controls system security and monitors station-to-station communications. A dedicated file server can be used only as a file server while it is on the network. A non dedicated file server can be used simultaneously as a file server and a workstation. FIS - See Frame Information Structure FLUX DENSITY – The number of magnetic field patterns that can be stored in a given length of disk surface. The number is usually stated as flux changes per inch (FCI), with typical values in the thousands. FLYING HEIGHT – The distance between the read/write head and the disk surface caused by a cushion of air that keeps the head from contacting the media. Smaller flying heights permit more dense storage of data, but require more precise mechanical designs. FORMAT – To write onto the disk surface a magnetic track pattern that specifies the locations of the tracks and sectors. This information must exist on a disk before it can store any user data. Formatting erases any previously stored data. FORMATTED CAPACITY – The amount of room left to store data on the disk after the required space has been used to write sector headers, boundary definitions, and timing information generated by a format operation. All Maxtor drive capacities are expressed in formatted capacity. FORM FACTOR – The physical outer dimensions of a device as defined by industry standard. For example, most Maxtor disk drives use a 3 1/2-inch form factor. FRAME - A frame is an indivisible unit of information exchanged between a host and device. A frame consists of a SOF (Start Of Frame) primitive, a Frame Information Structure, a CRC calculated over the contents of the FIS, and an EOF (End Of Frame) primitive. FRAME INFORMATION STRUCTURE - The user payload of a frame, does not include the SOF (Start Of Frame), CRC, and EOF (End Of Frame) delimiters. G GIGABYTE (GB) – One billion bytes (one thousand megabytes). GUIDE RAILS – Plastic strips attached to the sides of a disk drive mounted in an IBM AT and compatible computers so that the drive easily slides into place. H HALF HEIGHT – Term used to describe a drive that occupies half the vertical space of the original full size 5 1/4-inch drive. 1.625 inches high. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA G-3 GLOSSARY HARD DISK – A type of storage medium that retains data as magnetic patterns on a rigid disk, usually made of an iron oxide or alloy over a magnesium or aluminum platter. Because hard disks spin more rapidly than floppy disks, and the head flies closer to the disk, hard disks can transfer data faster and store more in the same volume. HARD ERROR – A repeatable error in disk data that persists when the disk is reread, usually caused by defects in the media surface. HEAD – The tiny electromagnetic coil and metal pole piece used to create and read back the magnetic patterns (write and read information) on the media. HIGH-LEVEL FORMATTING – Formatting performed by the operating system’s format program. Among other things, the formatting program creates the root directory and file allocation tables. See also low-level formatting. HOME – Reference position track for re-calibration of the actuator, usually the outer track (track 0). HOST ADAPTER – A plug-in board that forms the interface between a particular type of computer system bus and the disk drive. I INITIALIZE – See low level formatting. INITIATOR – A SCSI device that requests another SCSI device to perform an operation. A common example of this is a system requesting data from a drive. The system is the initiator and the drive is the target. INTERFACE – A hardware or software protocol, contained in the electronics of the disk controller and disk drive, that manages the exchange of data between the drive and computer. INTERLEAVE – The arrangement of sectors on a track. A 1:1 interleave arranges the sectors so that the next sector arrives at the read/write heads just as the computer is ready to access it. See also interleave factor. INTERLEAVE FACTOR – The number of sectors that pass beneath the read/write heads before the next numbered sector arrives. When the interleave factor is 3:1, a sector is read, two pass by, and then the next is read. It would take three revolutions of the disk to access a full track of data. Maxtor drives have an interleave of 1:1, so a full track of data can be accessed within one revolution of the disk, thus offering the highest data throughput possible. INTERNAL DRIVE – A drive mounted inside one of a computer’s drive bays (or a hard disk on a card, which is installed in one of the computer’s slots). J JUMPER – A tiny box that slips over two pins that protrude from a circuit board. When in place, the jumper connects the pins electrically. Some board manufacturers use Dual In-Line Package (DIP) switches instead of jumpers. JBOD - Just a Bunch of Drives K KILOBYTE (kB) – A unit of measure consisting of 1,024 (210) bytes. L LATENCY – The period of time during which the read/write heads are waiting for the data to rotate into position so that it can be accessed. Based on a disk rotation speed of 3,662 rpm, the maximum latency time is 16.4 milliseconds, and the average latency time is 8.2 milliseconds. LOGICAL FORMAT – The logical drive geometry that appears to an AT system BIOS as defined by the drive tables and stored in CMOS. With an installation program like Disk Manager, the drive can be redefined to any logical parameters necessary to adapt to the system drive tables. LOOK AHEAD – The technique of buffering data into cache RAM by reading Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA G-4 GLOSSARY subsequent blocks in advance to anticipate the next request for data. The look ahead technique speeds up disk access of sequential blocks of data. LOW-LEVEL FORMATTING – Formatting that creates the sectors on the platter surfaces so the operating system can access the required areas for generating the file structure. Maxtor drives are shipped with the low-level formatting already done. M MB – See megabyte. MEDIA – The magnetic film that is deposited or coated on an aluminum substrate which is very flat and in the shape of a disk. The media is overcoated with a lubricant to prevent damage to the heads or media during head take off and landing. The media is where the data is stored inside the disk in the form of magnetic flux or polarity changes. MEGABYTE (MB) – A unit of measurement equal to 1,024 kilobytes, or 1,048,576 bytes except when referring to disk storage capacity. 1 MB = 1,000,000 bytes when referring to disk storage capacity. See also kilobyte. MEGAHERTZ – A measurement of frequency in millions of cycles per second. MHz – See megahertz. MICROPROCESSOR – The integrated circuit chip that performs the bulk of data processing and controls the operation of all of the parts of the system. A disk drive also contains a microprocessor to handle all of the internal functions of the drive and to support the embedded controller. MICROSECOND (µs) – One millionth of a second (.000001 sec.). MILLISECOND (ms) – One thousandth of a second (.001 sec.). MTTF – MTTF is a basic measure of reliability for non-repairable systems. It is the mean time expected until the first failure of a piece of equipment. MTTF is a statistical value and is meant to be the mean over a long period of time and large number of units. For constant failure rate systems, MTTF is the inverse of the failure rate. If failure rate is in failures/million hours, MTTF = 1,000,000 / Failure Rate for components with exponential distributions. MTTR – Mean Time To Repair. The average time it takes to repair a drive that has failed for some reason. This only takes into consideration the changing of the major sub-assemblies such as circuit board or sealed housing. Component level repair is not included in this number as this type of repair is not performed in the field. O OVERHEAD – The processing time of a command by the controller, host adapter or drive prior to any actual disk accesses taking place. OVERWRITE – To write data on top of existing data, erasing it. OXIDE – A metal-oxygen compound. Most magnetic coatings are combinations of iron or other metal oxides, and the term has become a general one for the magnetic coating on tape or disk. P PARTITION – A portion of a hard disk devoted to a particular operating system and accessed as one logical volume by the system. PERFORMANCE – A measure of the speed of the drive during normal operation. Factors affecting performance are seek times, transfer rate and command overhead. PERIPHERAL – A device added to a system as an enhancement to the basic CPU, such as a disk drive, tape drive or printer. PHYSICAL FORMAT – The actual physical layout of cylinders, tracks, and sectors on a disk drive. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA G-5 GLOSSARY PLATED MEDIA – Disks that are covered with a hard metal alloy instead of an iron-oxide compound. Plated disks can store greater amounts of data in the same area as a coated disk. PLATTER – An disk made of metal (or other rigid material) that is mounted inside a fixed disk drive. Most drives use more than one platter mounted on a single spindle (shaft) to provide more data storage surfaces in a small package. The platter is coated with a magnetic material that is used to store data as transitions of magnetic polarity. POH – Acronym for power on hours. The unit of measurement for Mean Time Between Failure as expressed in the number of hours that power is applied to the device regardless of the amount of actual data transfer usage. See MTBF. POSITIONER – See actuator. R RAM – Acronym for random access memory. An integrated circuit memory chip which allows information to be stored and retrieved by a microprocessor or controller. The information may be stored and retrieved in any order desired, and the address of one storage location is as readily accessible as any other. RAM DISK – A “phantom disk drive” for which a section of system memory (RAM) is set aside to hold data, just as if it were a number of disk sectors. The access to this data is extremely fast but is lost when the system is reset or turned off. READ AFTER WRITE – A mode of operation that has the computer read back each sector on the disk, checking that the data read back is the same as recorded. This slows disk operations, but raises reliability. READ VERIFY – A disk mode where the disk reads in data to the controller, but the controller only checks for errors and does not pass the data on to the system. READ/WRITE HEAD – The tiny electromagnetic coil and metal pole piece used to create and read back the magnetic patterns (write or read information) on the disk. Each side of each platter has its own read/write head. REMOVABLE DISK – Generally said of disk drives where the disk itself is meant to be removed, and in particular of hard disks using disks mounted in cartridges. Their advantage is that multiple disks can be used to increase the amount of stored material, and that once removed, the disk can be stored away to prevent unauthorized use. RLL – Run Length Limited. A method used on some hard disks to encode data into magnetic pulses. RLL requires more processing, but stores almost 50% more data per disk than the MFM method. ROM – Acronym for read only memory. Usually in the form of an ROM in the controller that contains programs that can be accessed and read but not modified by the system. ROTARY ACTUATOR – The rotary actuator replaces the stepper motor used in the past by many hard disk manufacturers. The rotary actuator is perfectly balanced and rotates around a single pivot point. It allows closed-loop feedback positioning of the heads, which is more accurate than stepper motors. ROTATIONAL LATENCY – The delay between when the controller starts looking for a specific block of data on a track and when that block rotates around to where it can be read by the read/write head. On the average, it is half of the time needed for a full rotation (about 8 ms.). S Serial ATA (SATA) - Serial ATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment or SATA) is a standard for connecting hard drives to computers. The Serial ATA standard defines a physical interface that uses serial signaling technology unlike the ATA standard (sometimes referred to as Parallel ATA that uses parallel technology. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA G-6 GLOSSARY SCSI – Acronym for Small Computer System Interface, an American National Standards Institute (ANSI) version of Shugart Associates' SASI interface between the computer and controller. SCSI has grown in popularity and is one of the most flexible and intelligent interfaces available. SECTOR – A section of space along a track on the disk, or the data that is stored in that section. Hard disks most often have sectors that are 512 data bytes long plus several bytes overhead for error correcting codes. Each sector is preceded by ID data known as a header, which cannot be overwritten. SEEK – A movement of the disk read/write head in or out to a specific track. SERVO DATA – Magnetic markings written on the media that guide the read/write heads to the proper position. SERVO SURFACE – A separate surface containing only positioning and disk timing information but no data. SETTLE TIME – The interval between when a track to track movement of the head stops, and when the residual vibration and movement dies down to a level sufficient for reliable reading or writing. SHOCK RATING – A rating (expressed in Gs) of how much shock a disk drive can sustain without damage. SOFT ERROR – An error in reading data from the disk that does not recur if the same data is reread. Often caused by power fluctuations or noise spikes. SOFT SECTORED – Disks that mark the beginning of each sector of data within a track by a magnetic pattern. SPINDLE – The center shaft of the disk upon which the drive’s platters are mounted. SPUTTER – A type of coating process used to apply the magnetic coating to some high-performance disks. In sputtering, the disks are placed in a vacuum chamber and the coating is vaporized and deposited on the disks. The resulting surface is hard, smooth, and capable of storing data at high density. Maxtor disk drives use sputtered thin film disks. SOF - Start Of Frame STEPPER – A type of motor that moves in discrete amounts for each input electrical pulse. Stepper motors used to be widely used for read/write head positioner, since they can be geared to move the head one track per step. Stepper motors are not as fast or reliable as the rotary voice coil actuators which Maxtor disk drives use. SUBSTRATE – The material the disk platter is made of beneath the magnetic coating. Hard disks are generally made of aluminum or magnesium alloy (or glass, for optical disks) while the substrate of floppies is usually mylar. SURFACE – The top or bottom side of the platter which is coated with the magnetic material for recording data. On some drives one surface may be reserved for positioning information. T THIN FILM – A type of coating, used for disk surfaces. Thin film surfaces allow more bits to be stored per disk. TPI – Acronym for tracks per inch. The number of tracks or cylinders that are written in each inch of travel across the surface of a disk. TRACK – One of the many concentric magnetic circle patterns written on a disk surface as a guide to where to store and read the data. TRACK DENSITY – How closely the tracks are packed on a disk surface. The number is specified as tracks per inch (TPI). TRACK TO TRACK SEEK TIME – The time required for the read/write heads to move to an adjacent track. TRANSFER RATE – The rate at which the Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA G-7 GLOSSARY disk sends and receives data from the controller. Drive specifications usually reference a high number that is the burst mode rate for transferring data across the interface from the disk buffer to system RAM. Sustained data transfer is at a much lower rate because of system processing overhead, head switches, and seeks. WRITE ONCE – In the context of optical disks, technologies that allow the drive to store data on a disk and read it back, but not to erase it. U UNFORMATTED CAPACITY – The total number of bytes of data that could be fit onto a disk. Formatting the disk requires some of this space to record location, boundary definitions, and timing information. After formatting, user data can be stored on the remaining disk space, known as formatted capacity. The size of a Maxtor drive is expressed in formatted capacity. V VOICE COIL – A type of motor used to move the disk read/write head in and out to the right track. Voice-coil actuators work like loudspeakers with the force of a magnetic coil causing a proportionate movement of the head. Maxtor's actuator uses voice-coil technology, and thereby eliminates the high stress wearing parts found on stepper motor type actuators. W WEDGE SERVO – The position on every track that contains data used by the closed loop positioning control. This information is used to fine tune the position of the read/write heads exactly over the track center. WINCHESTER DISKS – Hard disks that use a technology similar to an IBM model using Winchester as the code name. These disks use read/write heads that ride just above the magnetic surface, held up by the air flow created by the turning disk. When the disk stops turning, the heads land on the surface, which has a specially lubricated coating. Winchester disks must be sealed and have a filtration system since ordinary dust particles are large enough to catch between the head and the disk. Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA G-8 Index A abbreviations 1-2 adapter board 2-4, 4-9,4-10 C clearance 4-6,4-7,4-8 command descriptions 5-2 to 5-21 connector 4-10,4-11,4-12 F faceplate 4-1 S shipping container 4-2,4-3 space requirements, 4-1 T terminology and conventions, 1-2,13 U unpacking instructions, 4-2,4-3 V ventilation, 4-9 H hardware options 4-4 hardware requirements, 2-4 J jumper configurations 4-6 jumper locations 4-5 jumper options 4-6 M maximum screw torque 4-6 mechanical dimensions 4-8 motherboard 4-10 mounting 4-10,4-13 mounting dimensions 4-8 mounting holes 4-7 mounting screw clearance 4-7 P packing assembly 4-2,4-3 packing materials 4-3 power and bus connector 4-11 power and bus interface cables 4-12 power connector 4-11 product specifications, 3-1 to 3-9 R regulatory compliance standards,38,3-9 Maxtor DiamondMax 8S 40GB SATA I-1