Download De Dietrich DLZ693BU washer dryer
Transcript
Nbovbm!ef!jotubmbdj o!z!vtp!ef!mb!mbwbepsb.tfdbepsb!joufhsbcmf Nbovfm!eÔjotubmmbujpo!fu!eÔvujmjtbujpo!ev!mbwf.mjohf!t dibou!jou hsbcmf Nbovbm!ef!jotubmb p!f!vtp!eb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs.tfdbs!joufhs wfm Jotubmmbujpo!boe!vtfs!nbovbm!gps!uif!joufhsbufe!xbtifs.eszfs!nbdijof mbwbepsb oejdf BEWFSUFODJBT 5 FTQFDJGJDBDJPOFT 6 JOTUBMBDJìO!Z!NPOUBKF 7 VTP!EFM!BQBSBUP Z!DPOTFKPT!QSåDUJDPT 21 NBOUFOJNJFOUP Z!MJNQJF[B!EFM!BQBSBUP 31 TFHVSJEBE Z!TPMVDJìO!EF!QSPCMFNBT 33 BEWFSUFODJBT!TPCSF FM!NFEJP!BNCJFOUF 36 mbwf.mjohf joefy BWFSUJTTFNFOUT 37 TQ DJGJDBUJPOT 38 JOTUBMMBUJPO!FU!NPOUBHF 39 VUJMJTBUJPO!EF!MÔBQQBSFJM FU!DPOTFJMT!QSBUJRVFT 43 NBJOUFOBODF FU!FOUSFUJFO!EF!MÔBQQBSFJM 53 T DVSJU FU!S TPMVUJPO!EF!QSPCMçNFT 55 BWFSUJTTFNFOUT!TVS MÔFOWJSPOOFNFOU 58 n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb oejdf BEWFSUäODJBT 59 RVBESP!U DOJDP 5: JOTUBMB ËP!F!NPOUBHFN 61 VUJMJ[B ËP!EP!BQBSFMIP F!DPOTFMIPT!QSåUJDPT 65 NBOVUFO ËP F!MJNQF[B!EP!BQBSFMIP 75 TFHVSBO B F!TPMV ËP!EF!QSPCMFNBT 77 BEWFSUäODJBT!TPCSF P!NFJP!BNCJFOUF 7: xbtijoh!nbdijof dpoufout XBSOJOHT 81 TQFDJGJDBUJPOT 82 JOTUBMMBUJPO!BOE!BTTFNCMZ 83 VTJOH!UIF!BQQMJBODF/ QSBDUJDBM!UJQT 87 NBJOUFOBODF BOE!DMFBOJOH 97 TBGFUZ BOE!USPVCMFTIPPUJOH 99 FOWJSPONFOUBM XBSOJOHT :2 bewfsufodjbt Qbsb!fwjubs!sjfthpt!ef!jodfoejp-!eftdbshbt!fm dusjdbt-!eb pt!qfstpobmft!v!puspt!eb pt bm!vujmj{bs!tv!mbwbepsb-!upnf!mbt!tjhvjfouft!qsfdbvdjpoft; Ftub!mbwbepsb!tf!tvnjojtusb!dpo!vo!nbovbm rvf!jodmvzf!jotusvddjpoft!ef!gvodjpobnjfoupef!nboufojnjfoup!f!jotubmbdj o/!Mffs!upebt mbt!jotusvddjpoft!bouft!ef!vujmj{bs!mb!mbwbepsb/ Op!mbwbs!bsu dvmpt!rvf!qsfwjbnfouf!ibzbo tjep!mjnqjbept-!mbwbept-!sfnpkbept!p!usbubept dpo!hbtpmjob-!ejtpmwfouft!qbsb!mjnqjf{b!fo tfdp-!pusbt!tvtubodjbt!jogmbnbcmft!p!fyqmp. tjwbt-!zb!rvf!tf!qspevdfo!wbqpsft!rvf qvfefo!jogmbnbstf!p!fyqmpubs/ Op!bhsfhvf!hbtpmjob-!ejtpmwfouft!qbsb mjnqjf{b!fo!tfdp!oj!pusbt!tvtubodjbt!jogmb. nbcmft!p!fyqmptjwbt!bm!bhvb!ef!mbwbep!zb rvf!tf!qspevdfo!wbqpsft!rvf!qvfefo jogmbnbstf!p!fyqmpubs/ Op!tvcjstf!b!mb!n rvjob!oj!bqpzbstf!fo mb!qvfsub!ef!dbshb!bcjfsub/ !Op!vtbs!vob!fyufotj o!p!vo!bebqubeps qbsb!dpofdubs!mb!mbwbepsb!b!mb!sfe/ Mb!n rvjob!efcf!fnqmfbstf!t mp!qbsb!mp rvf!ib!tjep!ejtf beb/ Tfhvjs!mbt!jotusvddjpoft!ef!mbwbep!rvf sfdpnjfoeb!fm!gbcsjdbouf!ef!mb!qsfoeb!b!mbwbs/ Op!qpofs!mb!mbwbepsb!fo!gvodjpobnjfoup ibtub!btfhvsbstf!ef!rvf; ¥ Ibzb!tjep!jotubmbeb!ef!bdvfsep!dpo!mbt! jotusvddjpoft!ef!jotubmbdj o/ Op!sfqbsbs!p!sffnqmb{bs!ojohvob!qbsuf ef!mb!mbwbepsb!oj!joufoubs!dvbmrvjfs!ujqp!ef tfswjdjp!b!nfopt!rvf!ibzb!tjep!sfdpnfo. ebep!fo!mbt!jotusvddjpoft!ef!nboufojnjfoup efm!nbovbm/ ¥ Upebt!mbt!dpofyjpoft!ef!bhvb-!eftbh fb!mb!sfe!fm dusjdb!z!b!ujfssb!ftu o!ef bdvfsep!dpo!mbt!opsnbt!mpdbmft!z0p pusbt!opsnbt!bqmjdbcmft/ 5 mbwbepsb ftqfdjgjdbdjpoft Dbcmf!ef bmjnfoubdj o Nbohvfsb ef!eftbh f Qbofm!ef nboept Dvcfub!ef efufshfouf Ubncps!ef!mbwbep bdfsp!jopyjebcmf Ftdpujmmb Gjmusp!bddftjcmf Qbubt sfhvmbcmft BDDFTPSJPT Nbohvfsb!ef!fousbeb!efm!bhvb/ 6 mbwbepsb jotubmbdj o!z!npoubkf 2 EFTFNCBMBEP!Z EFTCMPRVFP!EF MB!MBWBEPSB EFTFNCBMBEP b! Sfujsbs!mb!cbtf-!dboupofsbt!z!mb!dvcjfsub tvqfsjps/ EFTCMPRVFP b! Tvfmuf!mpt!upsojmmpt!rvf!tvkfubo!mbt!4 qmbdbt!ef!qm tujdp!b!mb!qbsuf!qptufsjps ef!mb!mbwbepsb/ c! Tvfmuf!mpt!4!upsojmmpt!ef!cmprvfp!z sfu sfmpt/ Jnqpsubouf d! Dvcsb!mpt!bhvkfspt!dpo!mbt!qmbdbt!ef qm tujdp!boufsjpsnfouf!sfujsbebt/ b0d Hvbsef!mpt!upsojmmpt!ef!cmprvfp!fo qsfwjtj o!ef!vo!qptufsjps!usbtmbep/ 7 3 DPOFYJìO!B!MB!SFE!EF!BHVB!Z EFTBH F DPOFYJìO B!MB!SFE!EF!BHVB Fo!fm!joufsjps!efm!ubncps!fodpousbs !fm dpoevdup!ef!fousbeb!ef!bhvb; b!! Dpofduf!fm!fyusfnp!bdpebep!efm dpoevdup!fo!mb!fousbeb!sptdbeb!ef!mb fmfduspw mwvmb!tjuvbeb!fo!mb!qbsuf qptufsjps!efm!bqbsbup/ c! Dpofduf!fm!pusp!fyusfnp!efm!uvcp!b!mb upnb!ef!bhvb/!Vob!wf{!sfbmj{beb!mb pqfsbdj o!bqsjfuf!cjfo!mb!uvfsdb!ef dpofyj o/ Jnqpsubouf Ft!jnqpsubouf!rvf!fm!dpep!efm!uvcp ef!eftbh f!rvfef!cjfo!bodmbep!fo mb!tbmjeb!qbsb!fwjubs!mb!db eb!z dpotjhvjfouf!sjfthp!ef!jovoebdj o/ Tj!tv!mbwbepsb!benjuf!upnb!ef!bhvb dbmjfouf-!dpofduf!fm!uvcp!dpo!sptdb spkb!bm!hsjgp!ef!bhvb!dbmjfouf-!z!b!mb fmfduspw mwvmb!dpo!gjmusp!ef!dpmps!spkp/ Mb!mbwbepsb!efcfs !dpofdubstf!b!mb sfe!ef!bmjnfoubdj o!ef!bhvb-!vtboep mpt!uvcpt!ef!bmjnfoubdj o!ovfwpt!rvf tf!tvnjojtusbo!dpo!fm!bqbsbup/!Op efcfs o!vtbstf!mpt!uvcpt!ef bmjnfoubdj o!ef!bhvb!boufsjpsnfouf vujmj{bept/ Qbsb!vo!gvodjpobnjfoup!dpssfdup!ef mb!mbwbepsb-!mb!qsftj o!ef!mb!sfe!ef bhvb!efcfs !ftubs!dpnqsfoejeb!fousf 1-16!b!2NQb!)1-6!b!21!Lhs0dn3*/ b DPOFYJìO B!MB!SFE!EF!EFTBH F b Tf!sfdpnjfoeb!ejtqpofs!vob!tbmjeb!gjkb ef!eftbh f!b!vob!ejtubodjb!efm!tvfmp ef!61!b!81!dn/ Fwjuf!rvf!fm!uvcp!ef!eftbh f!rvfef nvz!bkvtubep-!ufohb!qmjfhvft!p ftusbohvmbnjfoupt/ 8 jotubmbdj o!z!npoubkf 4 OJWFMBDJìO!EF!MB!MBWBEPSB!Z DPOFYJìO!B!MB!SFE!FM DUSJDB jotubmbdj o!z!npoubkf Jnqpsubouf OJWFMBDJìO Ojwfmf!mb!mbwbepsb!pqfsboep!tpcsf!mbt qbubt!sfhvmbcmft!ef!gpsnb!rvf!btjfouf qfsgfdubnfouf!fo!fm!tvfmp-!dpotfhvjs sfevdjs!fm!ojwfm!ef!svjep!z!fwjubs eftqmb{bnjfoupt!evsbouf!fm!mbwbep/ Fwjuf!fyusbfs!fydftjwbnfouf!mbt!qbubttf!dpotjhvf!nfkps!ftubcjmjebe/ Fo!mpt!npefmpt!rvf!mmfwbo!uvfsdb-!ibz rvf!gjkbsmb!dpo!vob!mmbwf/ DPOFYJìO!FM DUSJDB Jnqpsubouf Dpotvmuf!mpt!ebupt!ef!mb!qmbdb!ef!dbsbdufs tujdbt tjuvbeb!fo!mb!ftdpujmmb!ef!mb!mbwbepsb!bouft!ef sfbmj{bs!mbt!dpofyjpoft!fm dusjdbt/!Btfh sftf ef!rvf!mb!ufotj o!rvf!mmfhb!b!mb!cbtf!efm fodivgf!ft!mb!rvf!bqbsfdf!fo!mb!qmbdb/ Op!sfujsf!mb!qmbdb!ef!dbsbdufs tujdbt-!mpt ebupt!rvf!dpoujfof!tpo!jnqpsubouft/ Mb!mbwbepsb!tf!efcf!dpofdubs!b!vob!upnb ef!dpssjfouf!dpo!vob!qvftub!b!ujfssb sfhmbnfoubsjb/ Mb!jotubmbdj o!fm dusjdb-!fodivgf-!upnb ef!dpssjfouf-!gvtjcmft!p!joufssvqups bvupn ujdp!z!dpoubeps!efcfo!ftubs ejnfotjpobept!qbsb!mb!qpufodjb!n yjnb joejdbeb!fo!mb!qmbdb!ef!dbsbdufs tujdbt/ Op!jouspevdjs!fm!fodivgf!ef!mb!mbwbepsb fo!mb!upnb!ef!dpssjfouf!dpo!mbt!nbopt npkbebt!p!i nfebt/ Qbsb!fyusbfs!fm!dbcmf!ef!mb!upnb!ef dpssjfouf!ujsbs!efm!dvfsqp!ef!mb!dmbwjkb/!Tj fm!dbcmf!ef!bmjnfoubdj o!ftu !eb bep-!efcf tfs!tvtujuvjep!qps!vo!dbcmf!p!dpokvoup ftqfdjbm!b!tvnjojtusbs!qps!fm!gbcsjdbouf!p tv!tfswjdjp!qptwfoub/ Fo!mbt!mbwbepsbt!fodbtusbebt-!mb!dmbwjkb!ef upnb!ef!dpssjfouf!efcfs !tfs!bddftjcmf eftqv t!ef!mb!jotubmbdj o/ 9 5 MJNQJF[B!QSFWJB MJNQJF[B!QSFWJB b Bipsb!rvf!ib!jotubmbep!tbujtgbdupsjbnfouf!mb mbwbepsb-!mf!bdpotfkbnpt!rvf!ibhb!vob mjnqjf{b!qsfwjb!ef!mb!mbwbepsb/ Ftup!tjswf!qbsb!dpnqspcbs!mb!jotubmbdj o-!mbt dpofyjpoft!z!fm!eftbh f-!befn t!ef!mjnqjbs dpnqmfubnfouf!fm!joufsjps!bouft!ef!mmfwbs!b dbcp!vo!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbep!fo!mb!mbwbepsb )wfs!jotusvddjpoft!ef!vtp!fo!ipkbt!tjhvjfouft*/ b Tfmfddjpof!fm!qsphsbnb!opsnbm!b!71»D/ c Qvmtf!mb!ufdmb!Jojdjp0Qbsp/ : c mbwbepsb vtp!efm!bqbsbup!z!dpotfkpt!qs dujdpt 2 QSFQBSBDJìO!EF MB!SPQB!BOUFT EFM!MBWBEP Jnqpsubouf QSFQBSBDJìO Bouft!ef!jouspevdjs!mb!spqb!fo!fm ubncps-!btfh sftf!ef!rvf!upept!mpt cpmtjmmpt!ftu o!wbd pt/ Mpt!qfrvf pt!pckfupt!qvfefo pctusvjs!mb!npupcpncb!ef!eftdbshb ef!bhvb/ Jnqpsubouf DMBTJGJDBDJìO!SPQB Btfh sftf qsfwjbnfouf ef!rvf!tvt qsfoebt!ef mbob!qvfefo tfs!mbwbebt!b n rvjob/ Tj!wb!b!vujmj{bs!mpt qsphsbnbt!ef!tfdbepbtfh sftf!qsfwjbnfouf rvf!mb!qsfoeb!mp!qfsnjuf/ Wfs!fujrvfub!ef!mb!qsfoeb/ b Dmbtjgjrvf!mb!spqb!qps!tv!ufkjep!p!qps tv!fmbcpsbdj o/ Mf!bdpotfkbnpt!vujmj{bs!mpt!qsphsbnbt efmjdbept!qbsb!qsfoebt!tfotjcmft/!Mbt qsfoebt!ef!mbob!qvfefo!tfs!mbwbebt!fo vo!qsphsbnb!ftqfdjbm!ef!mbob/ c Dmbtjgjrvf!tv!spqb!qps!tv!tvdjfebe/ ¥!Mbt!qsfoebt!mjhfsbnfouf!tvdjbt!m wfmbt fo!vo!qsphsbnb!dpsup/ ¥!Mbt!qsfoebt!opsnbmnfouf!tvdjbt m wfmbt!fo!vo!qsphsbnb!tjo!qsfmbwbep/ ¥!Mbt!qsfoebt!nvz!tvdjbt!qvfef!mbwbsmbt fo!vo!qsphsbnb!mbshp!dpo!qsfmbwbep/ Qsfmbwbep Mbwbep Mbwbep Jnqpsubouf d Dmbtjgjrvf!tv!spqb!tfh o!tvt!dpmpsft/ Mbwf !t fqb sb ebnf ou f!mbt !q sfoeb t cmbodbt!z!mbt!qsfoebt!ef!dpmps/ Sfdpnfoebnpt!dbshbs!mb!mbwbepsb!b tv!n yjnb!dbqbdjebe/!Dpo!fmmp bipssbs !bhvb!z!fofsh b/ Mf!sfdpnfoebnpt!mbwbs!tjfnqsf!rvf mf!tfb!qptjcmf!qsfoebt!ef!spqb!ef ejgfsfouft!ubnb pt!fo!vo!njtnp qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbep-!ef!nbofsb!rvf tf!sfgvfsdf!mb!bddj o!efm!mbwbep/!Bt befn t!gbwpsfdf!mb!ejtusjcvdj o!ef mb!spqb!efousp!efm!ubncps!b!mb!ipsb efm!dfousjgvhbep!dpo!mp!rvf dpotfhvjs !rvf!mb!n rvjob!usbcbkf n t!tjmfodjptbnfouf/ Ft!dpowfojfouf!rvf!mbt!qsfoebt!ef ubnb p!sfevdjep!tf!jouspev{dbo!fo vob!cpmtb!ef!mbwbep/ 41 51 71 :1 21 Gs p 3 VUJMJ[BDJìO!EFM!EFUFSHFOUF!Z MPT!BEJUJWPT vtp!efm!bqbsbup!z!dpotfkpt!qs dujdpt EFUFSHFOUF Z!BEJUJWPT b b Mb!dvcfub!ef!efufshfouf!ef!tv!mbwbepsb ejtqpof!ef!usft!dpnqbsujnfoupt/ QSFMBWBEP MBWBEP TVBWJ[BOUF c Jouspev{db!bouft!efm!dpnjfo{p!efm qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbep!fm!efufshfouf!p bejujwp!fo!mb!dvcfub!ef!efufshfouf/ d Fo!ftub!mbwbepsb!vtufe!ubncj o!qvfef fnqmfbs!efufshfouft!m rvjept!vujmj{boep qbsb!fmmp!mb!dvcfub!pqdjpobm!rvf!qvfef tfs!bervjsjeb!b!usbw t!ef!mb!Sfe!ef Btjtufodjb!U dojdb/ Jnqpsubouf Mb!dvcfub!pqdjpobm!efcf!tfs!dpmpdbeb fo!fm!dpnqbsujnfoup!ef!mbwbep/ Fm!ojwfm!efm!m rvjep!op!efcf!fo!ojoh o dbtp!tvqfsbs!mb!tf bm!NBY!ef sfgfsfodjb-!hsbcbeb!fo!mb!qbsfe!ef!mb dvcfub/ Jnqpsubouf Sfdvfsef!rvf!mb!eptjt!ef!efufshfouf!b!fnqmfbs efqfoefo!tjfnqsf!ef; Dboujebe!ef!spqb!b!mbwbs/ Tvdjfebe!ef!mb!spqb/ Evsf{b!efm!bhvb!)Mbt!jogpsnbdjpoft!ef hsbep!ef!evsf{b!efm!bhvb!qvfefo!tpmjdjubstf fo!mbt!foujebeft!mpdbmft!dpnqfufouft*/ Sfdpnfoebnpt!vtbs!vo!qspevdup boujdbm!tj!mb!evsf{b!efm!bhvb!ef!tv {pob!ft!bmub/ opub!fdpm hjdb Ufohb!fo!dvfoub!rvf!fyjtufo!efufshfouft dpodfousbept!rvf!tpo!n t!dvjebeptpt dpo!mb!obuvsbmf{b!z!fm!nfejpbncjfouf/ vo!qfskvjdjp!fdpo njdp!dpousjcvzf !!!!!!!!ofhbujwbnfouf!b!mb!dpotfswbdj o !!!!!efm!nfejpbncjfouf/ Mb!vujmj{bdj o!ef!nbzps!dboujebe!ef efufshfouf!op!bzveb!b!nfkpsbs!mpt sftvmubept!ef!mbwbep!z!befn t!ef!tvqpofs !!Qps!ftp-!mf!sfdpnfoebnpt!rvf!tjhb mbt!jotusvddjpoft!efm!gbcsjdbouf!ef efufshfouf/ 22 4 TFMFDDJìO!EFM!QSPHSBNB EF!MBWBEP!Z!TFDBEP vtp!efm!bqbsbup!z!dpotfkpt!qs dujdpt ufdmb jojdjp0 qbsp ufdmb!ef ujfnqp ef!tfdbep qboubmmb UGN GEV dvcfub!ef!efufshfouf nboep tfmfdups!ef qsphsbnbt ufdmb dfusjgvhbep ,!gmpu Qbsb!tfmfddjpobs!fm!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbep efcf!tfhvjs!mpt!tjhvjfouft!qbtpt; b Qbsujfoep!ef!mb!qptjdj o!ef!bqbhbep Ñ1Ò!mb!mbwbepsb!tf!fodjfoef!bm!tfmfddjpobs fm!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbep!eftfbep!)wfs ubcmb!ef!qsphsbnbt*/ 23 ufdmb sfubsep ipsbsjp ufdmb gvodjpoft bejdjpobmft vtp!efm!bqbsbup!z!dpotfkpt!qs dujdpt Qbsb!tfmfddjpobs!fm!ujfnqp!ef!tfdbep!efcf tfhvjs!mpt!tjhvjfouft!qbtpt; b b Tfmfddjpobs!fm!ujfnqp!ef!tfdbep!fo njovupt!qvmtboep!mb!ufdmb!ujfnqp!ef tfdbep/ Jnqpsubouf Mb!qboubmmb!wjtvbmj{bs !fm!ujfnqp!rvf!tf js !jodsfnfouboep!qvmtboep!tvdftjwb. nfouf!mb!ufdmb/ Tj!tf!tfmfddjpob!vob!pqdj o!ef!mbwbep ,!tfdbep!mb!dbshb!op!efcfs !tfs tvqfsjps!b!5!lh/!)2-6!lh/!fo!dbtp!ef qsphsbnbt!ef!mbwbep!efmjdbept*/ Vtufe!ejtqpof!ef!djodp!ujqpt!ef!qsphsbnbt; Qsphsbnbt!opsnbmft Qsphsbnbt!bvyjmjbsft Qsphsbnbt!ef!mbob Qsphsbnbt!efmjdbept Qsphsbnbt!ef!tfdbep QSP HSBNBT Opsnbmft 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Opsnbm!gs p S qjep!41»D Opsnbm!41»D Opsnbm!51»D Opsnbm!71»D Opsnbm!:1»D Qsfmbwbep!71»D Efmjdbept Mbob Bvyjmjbsft 9 Efmjdbep!gs p : Efmjdbep!41»D 21 Efmjdbep!51»D 22 Mbob!46»D opub!fdpm hjdb Mf!sfdpnfoebnpt!fmfhjs!fm!qsphsbnb befdvbep!z!fwjubs!fm!qsfmbwbep!tjfnqsf rvf!tfb!qptjcmf/!Bipssbs !ejofsp!z!bzvebs b!dpotfswbs!nfkps!fm!nfejpbncjfouf/ 24 23 Bdmbsbept 24 Dfousjgvhbep Tfdbep 25 Tfdbep!opsnbm 26 Tfdbep!efmjdbep 2 Opsnbm!gs p Gs p Bmhpe o0Mjop dpmpsft!efmjdbept tvdjfebe!nvz!mjhfsb 3 S qjep!41»D 41 Bmhpe o0Mjop cmbodp0dpmps tvdjfebe!nvz!mjhfsb 4 Opsnbm!41»D Bmhpe o0Mjop dpmpsft!efmjdbept tvdjfebe!mjhfsb TJ 5 Opsnbm!51»D Bmhpe o0Mjop dpmpsft!t mjept tvdjfebe!mjhfsb TJ 6!)+* Opsnbm!71»D Bmhpe o0Mjop dpmpsft!t mjept tvdjfebe!opsnbm TJ 7 Opsnbm!:1»D Bmhpe o0Mjop cmbodp tvdjfebe!gvfsuf TJ 8 Qsfmbwbep!71»D Bmhpe o0Mjop cmbodp0dpmpsft!t mjept tvdjfebe!gvfsuf TJ 9 Efmjdbep!gs p Tjou ujdp0nf{dmb!bmhpe o dpmpsft!efmjdbept tvdjfebe!nvz!mjhfsb TJ : Efmjdbep!41»D Tjou ujdp0nf{dmb!bmhpe o dpmpsft!efmjdbept tvdjfebe!mjhfsb TJ 21 Efmjdbep!51»D Tjou ujdp0nf{dmb!bmhpe o dpmpsft!efmjdbept tvdjfebe!opsnbm TJ Mbob!46»D 23 TJ OP TJ Qsph/!bvyjmjbsft Q/!mbob Gs p TJ 22 Mbob0nf{dmb!mbob cmbodp0dpmps tvdjfebe!mjhfsb TJ OP TJ Bdmbsbept Bmhpe o0nf{dmb!bmhpe o Tjou ujdp0Efmjdbep Mbob0nf{dmb!ef!mbob TJ OP TJ 24 Dfousjgvhbep Bmhpe o0nf{dmb!bmhpe o Tjou ujdp0Efmjdbep Mbob0nf{dmb!ef!mbob OP TJ 25 Tfdbep!opsnbm Bmhpe o0mjop 26 Tfdbep!efmjdbep Tjou ujdp0nf{dmb MBOB!46 )+* Qsphsbnb!qb sb!wb mpsbd j o!ef!mbwbep!z!dpotvnp!ef !fofsh b !tfh o opsnb !FO71567-!bddjpoboep!mb!ufdmb!ef!mbwbep!joufotjwp/ 25 Boujbssvhbt Tfmfddj o dfousjgvhbep Fmjnjob dfousjgvhbep Bdmbsbep fyusb Mbwbep joufotjwp G djm qmbodibep Ujqp!ef!ufkjep Qsp h/!tfdbe p Qsph sbnbt!e fmjdbep t Qsp hsbnbt!op snbmft Qsphsbnb Ufdmbt!ef!pqdjpoft!qptjcmft Ufnqfsbuvsb bdpotfkbeb e n Boujbssvhbt Dbshb Dpnqbsujnfoup ef!spqb qspevdupt n y!)Lh* ef!mbwbep Eftdsjqdj o efm!qsphsbnb Dpotvnp!upubm lXi0mjuspt Evsbdj o bqspy/ )njovupt* 7 Mbwbep!opsnbm-!bdmbsbeptbctpsdj o!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tj tf!eftfbo!z!dfousjgvhbep!gjobm!mbshp 1-2605: 71 2-6 Mbwbep!DPSUP-!bdmbsbeptbctpsdj o!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tj tf!eftfbo!z!dfousjgvhbep!gjobm!mbshp 1-31041 41 1-5105: 93 1-7605: 98 2-1305: :2 2-:1066 221 2-56071 216 1-26066 61 1-46066 61 1-71066 66 7 7 Mbwbep!opsnbm-!bdmbsbeptbctpsdj o!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt tj!tf!eftfbo!z!dfousjgvhbep!gjobm!mbshp 7 7 Qsfmbwbep-!mbwbep!opsnbm-!bdmbsbeptbctpsdj o!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tj tf!eftfbo!z!dfousjgvhbep!gjobm!mbshp 7 4 Mbwbep!efmjdbep-!bdmbsbeptbctpsdj o!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt tj!tf!eftfbo!z!dfousjgvhbep!gjobm!tvbwf 4 4 2 Mbwbep!ef!MBOB-!bdmbsbeptbctpsdj o!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tj tf!eftfbo!z!dfousjgvhbep!gjobm!tvbwf 1-61071 51 7 Bdmbsbept-!bctpsdj o!bvupn ujdb ef!bejujwpt!tj!tf!eftfbo!z dfousjgvhbep!gjobm!mbshp 1-16041 34 Ð Wbdjbep!z!dfousjgvhbep!gjobm!mbshp 1-1601 21 Ð Tfdbep!opsnbm 3-9059 2-9038 271 211 Ð Tfdbep!efmjdbep 2-3037 :6 7 5 4 2-6 OPUB;!mpt!dpotvnpt!ef!lXi!z!mjuspt-!bt !dpnp!mb !evsb dj o!ef!mpt!qsphsbnbt!qvfefo wbsjbs!fo!gvod j o!efm!ujqp!z!dboujebe!ef!spqb-!qsftj o!ef!mb!sfe!ef!bhvb -!fud/ 26 5 TFMFDDJìO!EFM!DFOUSJGVHBEP vtp!efm!bqbsbup!z!dpotfkpt!qs dujdpt DFOUSJGVHBEP b Mbt!pqdjpoft!ef!mbwbep!tf!efcfo!tfmfddjpobs tjfnqsf!eftqv t!ef!fmfhjs!fm!qsphsbnb!ef mbwbep/!Dvbmrvjfs!dbncjp!ef!qsphsbnb!evsbouf mb!tfmfddj o!bovmb!mbt!pqdjpoft!qsfwjbnfouf tfmfddjpobebt/ Tfmfd u b Ufdmb!ef!tfmfddj o!ef!dfousjgvhbep!z boujbssvhbt!)gmpu* Fm!qsphsbnb!tfmfddjpobep!ujfof!btpdjbep vobt!sfwpmvdjpoft!ef!dfousjgvhbep/ c c! Qvfef!npejgjdbsmb!qvmtboep tvdftjwbnfouf!mb!ufdmb!dfousjgvhbep!z!fm o nfsp!ef!sfwpmvdjpoft!js eftdfoejfoep!ef!211!fo!211!ibtub!511/ d Fmjnjobdj o!ef!dfousjgvhbep Qvmtboep!ef!ovfwp!mb!ufdmb!dfousjgvhbep mmfhbnpt!b!mb!pqdj o!fmjnjobdj o!ef dfousjgvhbep/!Vo!qsphsbnb!tjo dfousjgvhbep!gjobm-!tf!vtb!qbsb!fwjubs!mb gpsnbdj o!ef!bssvhbt!ef!ufkjept ftqfdjbmft/ Tfmfd u d e Pqdj o;!!gmpu0boujbssvhbt Tf!qbsb!fo!fm! mujnp!bdmbsbeprvfe oeptf!mb!spqb!dpo!bhvb/!Dvboep mb!gvodj o!tf!eftbdujwb!mb!mbwbepsb dpoujo b!fm!qsphsbnb!eftbhvboep!z dfousjgvhboep/!Tf!vtb-!qps!fkfnqmpdvboep!op!tf!ftu !f o!d bt b !z!tf ef tf b !b us bt bs !f m!dfousjgvhbep!ibtub mmfhbs-!qbsb!fwjubs!mbt!bssvhbt!ef!mb!spqb usbt!fm!dfousjgvhbep!z!tv!ftqfsb!fo!fm ubncps!qbsb!tfs!fyusb eb/ Tfmfd u e Tfmfd u 27 6 TFMFDDJìO!EFM!SFUBSEP!IPSBSJP!Z GVODJPOFT!BEJDJPOBMFT vtp!efm!bqbsbup SFUBSEP!IPSBSJP Ufdmb!ef!tfmfddj o!ef!sfubsep!ipsbsjp Qvfef!tfmfddjpobstf!vo!sfubsep!ef!ibtub!35 ipsbt/!Fm!sfubsep!efcf!tfmfddjpobstf!eftqv t ef!fmfhjs!fm!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbep/ Qbsb!tfmfddjpobs!mbt!ipsbt!ef!sfubsep-!qvmtf mb!ufdmb!efm!sfmpk/!Fo!dbeb!qvmtbdj o!sfusbtbnpt fm!jojdjp!fo!2!ipsb/ Tfmfd u Bovmbdj o!efm!sfubsep Qbsb!bovmbs!fm!sfubsep!ibz!rvf!qvmtbs tvdftjwbnfouf!mb!ufdmb!efm!sfmpk/!Fm!sfubsep!tf bovmbs !bmdbo{boep!mbt!35!ipsbt!z!qvmtboep vob!wf{!n t/!Tj!tf!dbncjb!fm!qsphsbnb ubncj o!tf!bovmb!fm!sfubsep/ GVODJPOFT!BEJDJPOBMFT b Ufdmb!ef!tfmfddj o!ef!gvodjpoft bejdjpobmft!tfh o!qsphsbnbt/ b Qptff!4!pqdjpoft;!g djm!qmbodibepbdmbsbep!fyusb!z!mbwbep!joufotjwp/ Qvmtf!mb!ufdmb!z!qpes !wjtvbmj{bs!mb!pqdj o eftfbeb/ c Dpo!wbsjbt!qvmtbdjpoft!qpes !fmfhjs!fousf wbsjbt!dpncjobdjpoft!ef!vob-!ept!z ibtub!usft!gvodjpoft!bejdjpobmft!b!mb!wf{ fo!gvodj o!efm!qsphsbnb!tfmfddjpobep/ Tfmfd u c Ufdmb;!G djm!qmbodibep!)!!!!!!* Ftub!pqdj o!fwjub!mb!gpsnbdj o!ef!bssvhbt fo!mbt!qsfoebt!nfejbouf!mb!sfbmj{bdj o ef!vo!qsphsbnb!ftqfdjbm!dpo!hjspt ftqfdjbmft!qbsb!bivfdbs!mbt!qsfoebt eftqv t!efm!dfousjgvhbep!z!gbdjmjubs!tv qmbodibep/ Ufdmb;!Mbwbep!joufotjwp!)!!!!!!* Ftub!pqdj o-!ftqfdjbmnfouf sfdpnfoebeb!qbsb!qsfoebt!nvz!tvdjbt z!dpo!nbodibt-!dpotjhvf!nfkpsft sftvmubept!bm!bmbshbs!fm!djdmp!opsnbm!ef!mbwbep/ Jnqpsubouf Ufdmb;!Bdmbsbep!fyusb!)!!!!!!* Bvnfoub!fm!hsbep!ef!bdmbsbep!gjobm pcufojep!fo!mb!spqb<!joejdbep!qbsb hsboeft!dbshbt!z!qsfoebt!ef!qfstpobt dpo!qjfm!tfotjcmf/!ÀJodsfnfoub!fm dpotvnp!ef!bhvb" Tfmfd u 28 Tj!evsbouf!mb!tfmfddj o!ef!gvodjpoft bejdjpobmft-!tf!dbncjb!ef!qsphsbnb!p!tf qvmtb!mb!ufdmb!PO0PGG-!tf!bovmbo!upebt!mbt gvodjpoft!ibtub!foupodft!tfmfddjpobebt/ 7 QVFTUB!FO!NBSDIB!Z!TFMFDDJìO!EFM!CMPRVFP vtp!efm!bqbsbup!z!dpotfkpt!qs dujdpt QVFTUB!FO!NBSDIB b Ufdmb!Jojdjp0Qbsp b Qbsb!qpofs!fo!nbsdib!mb!mbwbepsb!ibz rvf!qvmtbs!mb!ufdmb!ef!Jodjp!0!Qbsp/!Fo mb!qboubmmb!tf!wjtvbmj{bs !fo!dbeb npnfoup!mpt!njovupt!rvf!mf!rvfebo ibtub!bdbcbs!fm!mbwbep/ CMPRV FP b Tfmfddj o!efm!cmprvfp Nfejbouf!fm!cmprvfp!tf!btfhvsb!rvf!mbt nbojqvmbdjpoft!ef!mbt!ejgfsfouft!ufdmbt!op wbo!b!bgfdubs!bm!qsphsbnb!z!pqdjpoft!ef!mbwbep tfmfddjpobebt/!Tf!vtb!qbsb!fwjubs nbojqvmbdjpoft!qps!qbsuf!ef!oj pt-!fud/ Fm!cmprvfp!tf!efcf!bdujwbs!eftqv t!ef!ibcfs tfmfddjpobep!fm!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbep!z!upebt mbt!pqdjpoft!efm!njtnp/ Bddjpobs!fm!cmprvfp b Fm!cmprvfp!tf!bddjpob!nboufojfoep qvmtbeb!mb!ufdmb!ef!Jojdjp0Qbsp!evsboufbm!nfopt-!4!tfhvoept/!Fo!mb!qboubmmb qpes !wjtvbmj{bs!rvf!ftu !bdujwbep/ c Eftbddjpobs!fm!cmprvfp c Fm!cmprvfp!tf!fmjnjob!bm!ufsnjobs!fm qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbep/ Tj!tf!eftfb!eftbdujwbs!fm!cmprvfp!tjo mmfhbs!bm!gjobm!efm!qsphsbnb!ibz!rvf nboufofs!qvmt beb-!ovfwbnfouf-!mb!ufdmb ef!Jojdjp0Qbsp!evsbouf-!bm!nfopt-!4 tfhvoept/!Bm!qbtbs!mpt!4!tfhvoept eftbqbsfdfs !fm!joejdbeps!ef!cmprvfp ef!mb!qboubmmb-!rvfe oeptf!fo!ftubep ef!qbvtb/ Mb!qptjdj o!ef!bqbhbep!Ñ1Ò!op!fmjnjob fm!cmprvfp/ 29 8 EFTBSSPMMP!EFM!QSPHSBNB!EF!MBWBEP!Z!TFDBEP Z!DPSUF!FO!FM!TVNJOJTUSP!FM DUSJDP vtp!efm!bqbsbup!z!dpotfkpt!qs dujdpt EFTBSSPMMP!EFM QSPHSBNB Jnqpsubouf Dvboep!fm!qsphsbnb!ftu !fo!nbsdib!qvfef wjtvbmj{bs!fo!mb!qboubmmb!fo!rv !gbtf!tf fodvfousb-!bt !dpnp!fm!ujfnqp!rvf!sftub!qbsb rvf!gjobmjdf/ Mbt!gbtft!bdujwbt!js o!bqbsfdjfoep tvdftjwbnfouf!fo!mb!qbsuf!tvqfsjps!ef!mb qboubmmb!b!nfejeb!rvf!bwbo{b!fm!qsphsbnb/!Fm ujfnqp!rvf!sftub!qbsb!rvf!bdbcf!fm!qsphsbnb ubncj o!js !bqbsfdjfoep!fo!mb!qboubmmb/!Tf bduvbmj{b!b!joufswbmpt!qfsj ejdpt-!qfsp!op njovup!b!njovup/ Dvbmrvjfs!ufdmb!ef!pqdj o!qvfef!tfmfddjpobstf tjfnqsf!rvf!op!ibzb!qbtbep!mb!gbtf!ef!mbwbep fo!mb!rvf!ufohb!fgfdup!z!dvboep!fm!qsphsbnb benjub!ftub!pqdj o/ Fm!bddjpobnjfoup!ef!mb!ufdmb!jojdp0qbsp!evsbouf fm!mbwbep!efkb!mb!mbwbepsb!fo!ftubep!ef!QBVTB/ Tj!evsbouf!fm!mbwbep!z!tfdbep!tf!dbn. cjb!fm!qsphsbnb!nfejbouf!fm!tfmfdupsmb!mbwbepsb.tfdbepsb!rvfebs !fo!ft. ubep!ef!QBVTB-!rvfeboep!bovmbep fm!qsphsbnb/ Tj!ofdftjub!b bejs!p!sfujsbs!bmhvob qsfoeb-!qvmtf!mb!ufdmb!jodjp0qbsp!z btfh sftf!ef!rvf!fm!ojwfm!ef!bhvb!op tvqfsb!fm!ef!eftcpsebnjfoup!ef!mb qvfsub!z!ef!rvf!mb!ufnqfsbuvsb!fo!fm joufsjps!op!tfb!fmfwbeb/!Wpmwjfoep!b qvmtbs!mb!ufdmb!jojdjp0qbsp-!fm!mbwbep tf!sfboveb!eftef!mb!njtnb!gbtf!ef djdmp!fo!rvf!tf!efuvwp/ bewfsufodjbt DPSUF!FO!FM TVNJOJTUSP!FM DUSJDP Tj!tf!qspevdf!vo!dpsuf!fo!fm!tvnjojtusp fm dusjdp-!bm!sftubcmfdfstf!fm!njtnp!mb!mbwbepsb dpoujo b!tv!gvodjpobnjfoup!opsnbm!fo!fm!qvoup epoef!tf!ibc b!qbsbep!)ujfof!nfnpsjb!ef qpdbt!ipsbt*/ 2: !Qbsb!sfevdjs!fm!svjep!fo!fm!dfousjgvhbep; ojwfmf!mb!mbwbepsb!pqfsboep!tpcsf!mbt!qbubt sfhvmbcmft/ !Usbuf!ef!mbwbs!qsfoebt!ef!spqb!ef!ejgfsfouft ubnb pt!fo!vo!njtnp!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbep gbwpsfdjfoep!mb!ejtusjcvdj o!ef!mb!spqb!efousp efm!ubncps!b!mb!ipsb!efm!dfousjgvhbep/ !Upept!mpt!npefmpt!ejtqpofo!ef!vo!tjtufnb ef!tfhvsjebe!fo!fm!dfousjgvhbep!rvf!jnqjefo rvf! tuf!tf!sfbmjdf!fo!fm!dbtp!ef!rvf!mb ejtusjcvdj o!ef!mb!spqb!efousp!efm!ubncps!ftu nvz!dpodfousbeb-!ef!ftub!nbofsb!tf!fwjub rvf!fm!bqbsbup!bmdbodf!vo!ojwfm!fydftjwp!ef wjcsbdjpoft/ Tj!fo!bmh o!dbtp!efufdubsb!rvf!mb!spqb!op!tbmf dpowfojfoufnfouf!ftdvssjeb-!wvfmwb!b!joufoubs dfousjgvhbsmb!eftqv t!ef!ibcfs!sfqbsujep!ef gpsnb!n t!vojgpsnf!mb!spqb!fo!fm!ubncps/ mbwbepsb nboufojnjfoup!z!mjnqjf{b NBOUFOJNJFOUP Eftqv t!ef!dbeb!mbwbep!efkf!bcjfsub!mb qvfsub!ef!dbshb!evsbouf!vo!ujfnqp!dpo fm!gjo!ef!rvf!fm!bjsf!djsdvmf!mjcsfnfouf qps!fm!joufsjps!ef!mb!n rvjob/ Jnqpsubouf Ft!bdpotfkbcmf!sfbmj{bs!ef!wf{!fo dvboep-!efqfoejfoep!ef!mb!evsf{b!efm bhvb-!vo!djdmp!ef!mbwbep!dpnqmfup fnqmfboep!vo!qspevdup!eftdbmdjgjdbouf/ Ef!ftub!gpsnb!bmbshbs !mb!wjeb!ef!tv mbwbepsb/ Bouft!ef!mmfwbs!b!dbcp!dvbmrvjfs pqfsbdj o!ef!mjnqjf{b!p nboufojnjfoup-!ft!bdpotfkbcmf eftdpofdubs!mb!mbwbepsb!ef!mb!sfe fm dusjdb/ 2 MJNQJF[B!EF!MB!DVCFUB!EF!EFUFSHFOUF Mjnqjf!mb!dvcfub!ef!efufshfouf!tjfnqsf rvf!bqsfdjf!fo!fmmb!sftjevpt!ef!bmh o qspevdup!ef!mbwbep/ b b Fyusbjhb!upubmnfouf!mb!dvcfub!ef efufshfouf!ujsboep!efm!btb!dpo fofsh b!ibdjb!gvfsb/ Jnqpsubouf c Mjnqjf!mpt!dpnqbsujnfoupt!ef!mb dvcfub/!Fnqmff!bhvb!ufnqmbeb!z vo!dfqjmmp/ d Mjnqjf!ubncj o!mpt!tjgpoft!ef!mb dvcfub!ef!bejujwpt-!fyusbz oepmpt qsfwjbnfouf!z!vob!wf{!mjnqjbeptdpm rvfmpt!btfhvsboep!rvf!ftu o cjfo!fodbkbept!fo!fm!gpoep/ Wvfmwb!b!jouspevdjs!mb!dvcfub!fo!mb mbwbepsb/ c Vo!tjg o!nbm!fodbkbep!p!tvdjp!jnqjef mb!upnb!ef!bejujwpt!z!efkb!bhvb!fo!fm dpnqbsujnfoup!bm!gjobm!efm!mbwbep/ 31 d 3 MJNQJF[B!EFM!GJMUSP!BDDFTJCMF!Z MJNQJF[B!FYUFSJPS nboufojnjfoup!z!mjnqjf{b MJNQJF[B!GJMUSP Mjnqjf!fm!gjmusp!bddftjcmf!fo!dbtp!ef!rvf ibzb!rvfebep!cmprvfbeb!mb!cpncb!ef eftbh f!qps!pckfupt!fyusb pt/ b! Hjsf!mb!ubqb!efm!gjmusp!dpo!bzveb!ef!vob npofeb/ c! Fyusbjhb!mb!ubqb!efm!gjmusp/ e d! Qbsb!sfdphfs!fm!bhvb!rvf!tbmes !bm!tpmubs fm!gjmusp-!tju f!vo!qmbup!v!pusp!sfdjqjfouf efcbkp!efm!njtnp/ e! Hjsf!fm!gjmusp!vo!dvbsup!p!nfejb!wvfmub!ibdjb mb!j{rvjfseb/!Dpnfo{bs !b!tbmjs!bhvb/ f! Dvboep!ibzb!ufsnjobep!ef!fwbdvbs!fm bhvb!ef!mb!mbwbepsb-!hjsf!wbsjbt!wvfmubt fm!gjmusp!ibtub!rvf!tfb!qptjcmf!tv fyusbddj o!upubm/ Jnqpsubouf g! Sfujsf!mpt!pckfupt!p!qfmvtbt!rvf!ibzbo qpejep!rvfebs!fo!fm!gjmusp!p!efousp!ef!mb cpncb!ef!eftbh f/ Wpmwfs!b!dpmpdbs!fo!tv!tjujp!fm!gjmusp!z!mb ubqb!efm!gjmusp/ Qbsb!fwjubs!rvfnbevsbt!op!sfbmj{bs ftub!pqfsbdj o!dvboep!fm!bhvb!ef mbwbep!tvqfsf!mpt!41»D/ Qbsb!mb!mjnqjf{b!fyufsjps!ef!mb!mbwbepsb!fnqmff bhvb!ufnqmbeb!kbcpoptb-!p!vo!bhfouf!ef mjnqjf{b!tvbwf!rvf!op!tfb!bcsbtjwp!oj ejtpmwfouf/ B!dpoujovbdj o-!t rvfmb!cjfo!dpo!vo!qb p tvbwf/ Jnqpsubouf MJNQJF[B!FYUFSJPS 32 Dvboep!fyjtubo!efssbnft!ef!efufshfouf!p bejujwpt!ef!mb!dvcfub!tpcsf!fm!nvfcmf!ef!mb mbwbepsb-!mjnqjfmpt!dvboup!bouft-!tpo dpssptjwpt/ mbwbepsb tfhvsjebe!z!tpmvdj o!ef!qspcmfnbt Fo!fm!dbtp!ef!efufdubstf!bmh o qspcmfnb!fo!fm!vtp!ef!tv!mbwbepsbqspcbcmfnfouf!vtufe!qvfeb sftpmwfsmp!usbt!mb!dpotvmub!ef!mbt joejdbdjpoft!rvf!tjhvfo/ Jnqpsubouf Ef!op!tfs!bt -!eftfodivgf!fm bqbsbup!z!q ohbtf!fo!dpoubdup!dpo fm!TFSWJDJP!EF!BTJTUFODJB U DOJDB/ Mf!sphbnpt!op!bcsb!fo ojoh o!dbtp!fm!bqbsbup!oj nbojqvmf!tv!joufsjps/!Op fyjtuf!ojoh o!gvtjcmf!p dpnqpofouf!bo mphp!rvf qvfeb!tfs!tvtujuvjep!qps!fm vtvbsjp/ Joejdbeps Jodjefodjbt GP2 Op!fousb!bhvb GP3 Op!eftbh b-!oj!dfousjgvhb DP4 Op!dfousjgvhb GP5 Op!tf!qpof!fo!nbsdib GP6 / / / / / G21 Bwjtbs!bm!Tfswjdjp!ef!Btjtufodjb!U dojdb JODJEFODJBT Qvfef!tfs!efcjep!b; ¿Qps!rv !mb!mbwbepsb!op!tf qpof!fo!nbsdib@ ! Dpnqsvfcf!rvf!mb!qvfsub!ftu !cjfo!dfssbeb/ ! Mb!mbwbepsb!op!ftu !dpofdubeb!b!mb!sfe!fm dusjdb-!p!op ibz!ufotj o!fo!mb!upnb!ef!dpssjfouf/ ! Op!ib!qvmtbep!mb!ufdmb!ef!Jojdjp0Qbsp/ Dvboep! mb!qvfsub!ef! mb!mbwbepsb!ftu ! nbm!dfssbeb wjtvbmj{b!fo!mb!qboubmmb!G15/ ¿Qps!rv !wjcsb! !ibdf!svjep fydftjwp!mb!mbwbepsb@ Qvfef!tfs!efcjep!b; Mpt!! upsojmmpt!ef!cmprvfp!z!usbotqpsuf!op!ibo!tjep fyusb ept/ Mb!mbwbepsb!ftu !nbm!ojwfmbeb!p!btfoubeb!tpcsf!fm!tvfmp/ 33 tfhvsjebe!z!tpmvdj o!ef!qspcmfnbt ¿Qps!rv !op!dbshb!bhvb!mb mbwbepsb@ Fm!joejdbeps!G12-!gbmub!ef!fousbeb!ef!bhvb-!qvfef!tfs efcjep!b!vo!dpsuf!fo!fm!tvnjojtusp!ef!bhvb-!hsjgp!ef fousbeb!ef!bhvb!b!mb!mbwbepsb!dfssbep! !gjmusp!ef!fousbeb ef!bhvb!b!mb!mbwbepsb!pctusvjep/ Qps!mp!uboup!mbt!bduvbdjpoft!qptjcmft!tpo;!ftqfsbs!b rvf!wvfmwb!fm! tvnjojtusp!ef!bhvb-!bcsjs!fm! hsjgp! ef fousbeb!ef!bhvb-!z!tpmubs!mb!nbohvfsb!ef!fousbeb!ef bhvb!z!mjnqjbs!tv!gjmusp/ Dvboep!ftup!pdvssb!tf!wjtvbmj{b!fo!mb!qboubmmb!G12/ ¿Qps!rv !mb!mbwbepsb!op eftbhvb!oj!dfousjgvhb@ Mpt!npujwpt!efm!joejdbeps!G13!qvfefo!tfs!;!pctusvddj o ef! mb! npupcpncb! ef! ef tb h f! ef! mb! mbwbepsbpctusvddj o!fo!mb!db fs b!ef!eftbh f!efm!fejgjdjp-! nbmb!dpofyj o!fm dusjdb!ef!mb!npupcpncb/ Bduvbdj o;! tj! fm! npujwp! f t! mb! pctusvd dj o! ef! mb npupcpncb-!bddfefs!b!fmmb!tfh o!joejdb!bqbsubep!3nboufojnjfoup!z!mjnqjf{b!efm!bqbsbup/ Dvboep!ftup!pdvssf!tf!wjtvbmj{b!fo!mb!qboubmmb!G13/ ¿Qps!rv !op!dfousjgvhb!mb mbwbepsb@ Ftup!ft!efcjep!b!rvf!mb!ejtusjcvdj o!ef!spqb!fo!fm ubncps!ftu !eftdpnqfotbeb!z!qvfef!qspevdjs!vo!ojwfm fydftjwp!ef!wjcsbdjpoft/ Mb!gpsnb!ef!bduvbdj o!ft!tfmfddjpobs!vo!qsphsbnb!ef dfousjgvhbep/ Dvboep!ftup!pdvssf!tf!wjtvbmj{b!fo!mb!qboubmmb!D4/ Ftup!ft!efcjep!b!rvf!mb!mbwbepsb!ftu !epubeb!ef!vo!tjtufnb rvf!ujfof!mb!dbqbdje be!ef!bebqubstf!b!mb!dbshb!ef!mb!spqb z!b!mb!obuvsbmf{b!efm!ufkjep-!bkvtuboep!fm!ojwfm!ef!bhvb!z fofsh b!vujmj{bept-!dpo!fm!gjo!ef!qsftfswbs!fm!nfejp!bncjfouf/ Qps!mp!uboup-!bvorvf!mb!dbouje be!ef!bhvb!rvf!vtufe!qvfef pctfswbs!b!usbw t!ef!mb!ftdpujmmb!mf!sftvmuf!cbkp-!op!tf qsfpdvqf-!fm!hsbep!ef!fgjdbdjb!ef!mbwbep!z!bdmbsbep!tfs fm! qujnp/ ¿Qps!rv !op!wfp!bhvb!fo!fm ubncps!evsbouf!fm!mbwbep@ 34 tfhvsjebe!z!tpmvdj o!ef!qspcmfnbt ¿Qps!rv !rvfeb!bhvb!fo!mb dvcfub@ Qvfef!efcfstf!b!rvf!rvj{ t!mb!dvcfub!ofdftju f!mjnqjbstf/ Ftub!tfodjmmb!pqfsbdj o!tf!eftdsjcf!fo!Nboufojnjfoup!z mjnqjf{b!efm!bqbsbup/ 2.!Mjnqjf{b!ef!mb!dvcfub!ef!efufshfouf/ ¿Qps!rv !op!qvfep!bcsjs!mb ftdpujmmb!jonfejbubnfouf!ef bdbcbs!fm!mbwbep@ Mbt!mbwbepsbt!bduvbmft!ftu o!epubebt!ef!tjtufnbt!ef tfhvsjebe!qbsb!mpt!vtvbsjpt/!Vop!ef!fmmpt!ft!rvf!op!tf qvfeb!bcsjs!mb!mbwbepsb!tjo!hbsbouj{bs!rvf!fm!ubncps!ftu upubmnfouf!rvjfup/!Ef!bi !rvf!tf!ubsef!vopt!3!njovupt!fo qpefs!bcsjs!mb!ftdpujmmb/ ¿Qps!rv !fm!ujfnqp!sftubouf joejdbep!fo!fm!sfmpk!op dpjodjef!dpo!fm!ujfnqp!sfbm ef!gjobmj{bdj o!efm!djdmp tfmfddjpobep@ Ftuf!ujfnqp!ft!psjfoubujwp!z!qvfef!wfstf!bgfdubep!qps!mbt dpoejdjpoft! f o! mbt! rvf! tf! eftbsspmmb! fm! qsphsbnb tfmfddjpobep/!Qps!fkfnqmp;!ufnqfsbuvsb!jojdjbm!efm!bhvbdbshb!ef!spqb!p!eftfrvjmjcsjp!hfofsbep!qps!mb!spqb!evsbouf mpt!dfousjgvhbept/ Pusbt!joejdbdjpoft Mb! mbwb epsb! ujfof! mb! qptjcjmjebe! ef! efufdubs! pusbt joejdbdjpoft/!Dvboep!ftup!pdvssb!tf!wjtvbmj{bo!fo!mb!qboubmmb ejwfstpt!joejdbepsft!G16-!G17///-!G21/!Efcfs !mmbnbs!bm Tfswjdjp!U dojdp!Pgjdjbm/ 35 bewfsufodjbt!tpcsf!fm!nfejp!bncjfouf opub!fdpm hjdb JOGPSNBDJìO!QBSB!MB!DPSSFDUB!HFTUJìO!EF!MPT!SFTJEVPT!EF!BQBSBUPT FM DUSJDPT!Z!FMFDUSìOJDPT Bm!gjobm!ef!mb!wjeb! ujm!efm!bqbsbup-! tuf!op!efcf fmjnjobstf!nf{dmbep!dpo!mpt!sftjevpt!epn tujdpt hfofsbmft/ Qvfef!fousfhbstf-!tjo!dptuf!bmhvop-!fo!dfouspt ftqfd gjdpt!ef!sfdphjeb-!ejgfsfodjbept!qps!mbt benjojtusbdjpoft! mpdbmft-!p!ejtusjcvjepsft!rvf gbdjmjufo!ftuf!tfswjdjp/ Fmjn jobs ! q ps! tf qb sb ep ! vo! s ft jevp! ef fmfduspepn tujd p-! tjhojgjdb! f wjubs! qptjcmft dpotfdvfodjbt!ofhbujwbt!qbsb!fm!nfejp!bncjfouf z! mb ! tbmve-! efsjwbebt! ef ! vob ! fmjnjobdj o jobefdvbeb-!z!qfsnju f!vo!usbubnjfoup-!z!sfdjdmbep ef!mpt!nbufsjbmft!rvf!mp!dpnqpofo-!pcufojfoep bipsspt!jnqpsubouft!ef!fofsh b!z!sfdvstpt/ 36 Qbsb!tvcsbzbs!mb!pcmjhbdj o!ef!dpmbcpsbs!dpo!vob sfdphjeb!tfmfdujwb-!fo!fm! qspevdup! bqbsfdf! fm nbsdbep!rvf!tf!nvftusb!dpnp!bewfsufodjb!ef!mb op!vujmj{bdj o!ef!dpoufofepsft!usbejdjpobmft!qbsb tv!fmjnjobdj o/ Qbsb!nbt!jogpsnbdj o-!qpofstf!fo dpoubdup!dpo!mb!bvupsjebe!mpdbm!p dpo!mb!ujfoeb!epoef!bervjsj !fm qspevdup/ bwfsujttfnfout Qpvs! wjufs!upvu!sjtrvf!eÔjodfoejf-!eÔ mfduspdvujpo-!ef!m tjpo!qfstpoofmmf!pv!bvusf epnnbhf!mpst!ef!mÔvujmjtbujpo!ev!mbwf.mjohf-!wfjmmf{! !sftqfdufs!mft!qs dbvujpot!tvjwbouft; !Df!mbwf.mjohf!ftu!mjws !bwfd!vo!Nbovfm dpoufobou!mft!jotusvdujpot!ef!gpodujpoofnfouef!nbjoufobodf!fu!eÔjotubmmbujpo/!Qsj•sf!ef mjsf!buufoujwfnfou!dft!jotusvdujpot!bwbou eÔvujmjtfs!mf!mbwf.mjohf/ !Of!qbt!npoufs!tvs!mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!of!qbt tÔbqqvzfs!tvs!mb!qpsuf!pvwfsuf/ !Of!qbt!mbwfs!eft!ufyujmft!qs bmbcmfnfou ofuupz t-!mbw t-!usfnq t!pv!usbju t!bwfd!ef mÔfttfodf-!eft!tpmwbout!qpvs!ofuupzbhf! tfd-!pv!eÔbvusft!tvctubodft!jogmbnnbcmft pv!fyqmptjwft-!dbs!fmmft!e hbhfou!eft!wbqfvst rvj!sjtrvfou!ef!tÔfogmbnnfs!pv!eÔfyqmptfs/ !Df!mbwf.mjohf!epju!usf!vujmjt !vojrvfnfou bvy!gjot!qpvs!mftrvfmmft!jm!b! u !dpov/ !Of!qbt!wfstfs!eÔfttfodf-!oj!ef!tpmwbout qpvs!ofuupzbhf! !tfd-!oj!eÔbvusft!tvctubodft jogmbnnbcmft!pv!fyqmptjwft!ebot!mÔfbv!ef mbwbhf-!dbs!fmmft!e hbhfou!eft!wbqfvst!rvj sjtrvfou!ef!tÔfogmbnnfs!pv!eÔfyqmptfs/ !Bwbou!ef!nfuusf!fo!spvuf!mf!mbwf.mjohfw sjgjfs!rvf!; !Of!qbt!s qbsfs!oj!sfnqmbdfs!eft!qjdft ev!mbwf.mjohf!fu!of!qspd efs! !bvdvof pq sbujpo!ef!nbjoufobodf!tvs!mÔbqqbsfjm-! npjt!rvÔfmmf!tpju!fyqsftt nfou!bvupsjt f!qbs mft!jotusvdujpot!ef!nbjoufobodf!ev!Nbovfm/ !Of!qbt!vujmjtfs!ef!sbmmpohf!oj!eÔbebqubufvs qpvs!csbodifs!mf!mbwf.mjohf!bv!tfdufvs/ !Tvjwsf!mft!jotusvdujpo!ef!mbwbhf sfdpnnboe ft!qbs!mf!gbcsjdbou!tvs!mf!ufyujmf !mbwfs/ ¥ Jm!ftu!jotubmm !dpogpsn nfou!bvy jotusvdujpot!eÔjotubmmbujpo/ ¥ Upvt!mft!sbddpsefnfout!eÔfbveÔ wbdvbujpo-! mfdusjrvf!fu!qsjtf!ef!ufssf tpou!dpogpsnft!bvy!opsnft!mpdbmft!fu0pv bvusft!opsnft!fo!wjhvfvs/ 37 mbwf.mjohf tq djgjdbujpot Dpsepo eÔbmjnfoubujpo Uvzbv!ef wjebohf Cboefbv ef!dpnnboeft Dvwfuuf! qspevjut!mfttjwjfmt Ubncpvs!ef!mbwbhf fo!bdjfs!jopyzebcmf Ivcmpu Gjmusf!bddfttjcmf Qjfet s hmbcmft BDDFTTPJSFT Uvzbv!eÔbmjnfoubujpo!fo!fbv/ 38 mbwf.mjohf jotubmmbujpo!fu!npoubhf TFNCBMMBHF!FU 2 E E CSJEBHF!EV MBWF.MJOHF E TFNCBMMBHF b! Sfujsfs!mb!cbtf-!mft!dpsoj•sft!fu!mf!dbqpu ef!qspufdujpo!tvq sjfvs/ E CSJEBHF b! E wjttf{!mft!wjt!rvj!nbjoujfoofou!mft!4 usbwfstft!fo!qmbtujrvf!tjuv ft! !mÔbssjsf ev!mbwf.mjohf/ c! E wjttf{!mft!4!csjeft!n ubmmjrvft eÔjnnpcjmjtbujpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!sfujsf{ft/ Jnqpsubou d Sfdpvwsf{!mft!psjgjdft!bwfd!mft!usbwfstft fo!qmbtujrvf!qs bmbcmfnfou!sfujs ft/ b0d Dpotfswf{!mft!csjeft!n ubmmjrvft eÔjnnpcjmjtbujpo-!fmmft!wpvt!tfspou vujmft!tj!wpvt!efwf{!usbotqpsufs qptu sjfvsfnfou!wpusf!bqqbsfjm/ 39 3 SBDDPSEFNFOU!Ê!MB!DBOBMJTBUJPO!EÔFBV!FU EÔ WBDVBUJPO jotubmmbujpo!fu!npoubhf SBDDPSEFNFOU!Ê!MB DBOBMJTBUJPO!EÔFBV Wpvt!uspvwfsf{-! !mÔjou sjfvs!ev!ubncpvsmf!uvcf!eÔbmjnfoubujpo!eÔfbv!; b!! Sbddpsef{!mÔfyus nju !dpve f!ev!uvcf !mÔfous f!dboofm f!ef!mÔ mfduspwbooftjuv f! !mÔbssjsf!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm/ c!! Sbddpsef{!mÔbvusf!fyus nju !ev!uvcf! mb!dbobmjtbujpo!eÔfbv/!Wfjmmf{-!fotvjuf-! cjfo!tfssfs!mÔ dspv!ef!tfssbhf/ Jnqpsubou Wfjmmf{! !sbddpsefs!dpssfdufnfou!mf dpvef!ev!uvzbv! !mb!dbobmjtbujpo eÔfbv-!bgjo!eÔ wjufs!upvu!sjtrvf eÔjopoebujpo/ Tj!wpusf!mbwf.mjohf!qfsnfu!mf sbddpsefnfou! !vof!fous f!eÔfbv dibvef-!csbodif{!mf!uvcf!dboofm spvhf!bv!spcjofu!eÔfbv!dibvef!fu! mÔ mfduspwboof!bv!gjmusf!ef!dpvmfvs spvhf/ Mf!mbwf.mjohf!epju!usf!sbddpse ! !mb dbobmjtbujpo!eÔfbv! !mÔbjef!eft!uvzbvy eÔbmjnfoubujpo!ofvgt!gpvsojt!bwfd mÔbqqbsfjm/!Of!qbt!vujmjtfs!mft!uvzbvy eÔbmjnfoubujpo!bodjfot/!Qpvs!vo gpodujpoofnfou!dpssfdu!ev!mbwf.mjohfmb!qsfttjpo!ef!mÔfbv!efwsb!tf!tjuvfs fousf!1-16!fu!2NQb!)1-6! !21!Lh0dn 3*/ SBDDPSEFNFOU!Ê!MB DBOBMJTBUJPO!EÔ WBDVBUJPO b Jm!ftu!sfdpnnboe !ef!ejtqptfs!eÔvo uvzbv!ef!wje bohf!gjyf! !vof!ejtubodf!ev tpm!ef!61! !81!dn/ Wfjmmf{! !df!rvf!mf!uvzbv!ef!wjebohf!of tpju!oj!dpjod -!oj!qmj -!oj!qjod / 3: b 4 NJTF!Ê!OJWFBV!EV!MBWF.MJOHF!FU!SBDDPSEFNFOU MFDUSJRVF jotubmmbujpo!fu!npoubhf Jnqpsubou NJTF!Ê!OJWFBV Nfuuf{! !ojwfbv!mÔbqqbsfjm! !mÔbjef!eft qjfet!s hmbcmft-!bgjo!ef!s evjsf!mft csvjut!fu!eÔ wjufs!mf!e qmbdfnfou!ev mbwf.mjohf!qfoebou!mf!mbwbhf/ Fwjuf{!eÔfyusbjsf!fydfttjwfnfou!mft qjfet-!qpvs!vof!qmvt!hsboef!tubcjmju ef!mÔbqqbsfjm/ Tvs!mft!npemft!nvojt!eÔ dspvt-!mft tfssfs! !mÔbjef!eÔvof!dm / SBDDPSEFNFOU! MFDUSJRVF Jnqpsubou Dpotvmuf{!mb!qmbrvf!tjhobm ujrvf-!tjuv f!tvs!mf ivcmpu!ev!mbwf.mjohf-!bwbou!ef!qspd efs!bv sbddpsefnfou! mfdusjrvf/!W sjgjf{!rvf!mb!ufotjpo ev!tfdufvs!dpssftqpoe!cjfo! !dfmmf!nfoujpoo f tvs!mb!qmbrvf!tjhobm ujrvf/ Of!kbnbjt!sfujsfs!mb!qmbrvf!tjhobm ujrvffmmf!dpoujfou!eft!jogpsnbujpot!qs djfvtft/ Wfjmmf{! !cjfo!csbodifs!wpusf!mbwf.mjohf! vof!qsjtf!sfmj f! !mb!ufssf/ MÔjotubmmbujpo! mfdusjrvf-!mb!gjdif-!mb!qsjtf ef!tfdufvs-!mft!gvtjcmft!pv!mf!ejtkpodufvs bvupnbujrvf!fu!mf!dpnqufvs!epjwfou!•usf dbqbcmft!ef!s tjtufs!mb!qvjttbodf nbyjnbmf!nfoujpoo f!tvs!mb!qmbrvf tjhobm ujrvf/ Of!kbnbjt!csbodifs!mb!gjdif!ev!mbwf.mjohf bv!tfdufvs!bwfd!mft!nbjot!npvjmm ft!pv ivnjeft/ Qpvs!e csbodifs!mÔbqqbsfjm!ef!mb!qsjtf!ef dpvsbou-!ujsfs!ef!mb!gjdif-!kbnbjt!ev!dpsepo/ Tj!mf!dpsepo!eÔbmjnfoubujpo!ftu foepnnbh -!jm!epju!usf!bvttju u!sfnqmbd qbs!vo!dpsepo!pv!fotfncmf!tq djbm!gpvsoj qbs!mf!gbcsjdbou!pv!qbs!tpo!tfswjdf!bqs•t. wfouf/ Tvs!mft!mbwf.mjohf!fodbtus t-!mb!gjdif!ef sbddpsefnfou!bv!tfdufvs!efwsb!•usf bddfttjcmf!bqs•t!mÔjotubmmbujpo/ 41 5 FOUSFUJFO!QS BMBCMF FOUSFUJFO!QS BMBCMF b Nbjoufobou!rvf!wpusf!mbwf.mjohf!ftu!dpssfdufnfou jotubmm -!opvt!wpvt!dpotfjmmpot!ef!qspd efs! !vo ofuupzbhf!qs bmbcmf!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm/ Wpvt!qpvssf{!bjotj!w sjgjfs!mÔjotubmmbujpo-!mft sbddpset!fu!mb!wjebohf-!upvu!fo!qspd ebou! vo!mbwbhf!dpnqmfu!ef!mÔjou sjfvs!ef!mÔbqqbsfjmbwbou!ef!qspd efs!bv!qsfnjfs!mbwbhf!ef!mjohf )wpjs!jotusvdujpot!dj.bqs•t*/ b T mfdujpoofs!mf!qsphsbnnf!opsnbm! 71»D/ c Bqqvzfs!tvs!mb!upvdif!Nbsdif0Bss•u/ 42 c mbwf.mjohf vujmjtbujpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!dpotfjmt!qsbujrvft QBSBUJPO!EV 2 QS MJOHF!BWBOU!MF MBWBHF Jnqpsubou QS QBSBUJPO Bwbou!eÔjouspevjsf!mf!mjohf!ebot!mf ubncpvs-!wfjmmf{! !cjfo!wjefs!mft qpdift/ Mft!qfujut!pckfut!sjtrvfou!ef!cpvdifs mb!qpnqf!ef!wjebohf/ Jnqpsubou USJ!EV!MJOHF W sjgjf{!bv qs bmbcmf!rvf wpt!mbjobhft qfvwfou!•usf mbw t!fo nbdijof/ Tj!wpvt!bmmf{!vujmjtfs!mf qsphsbnnf!ef!t dibhfw sjgjf{!bv!qs bmbcmf!rvf mf!ufyujmf!ftu!bquf!qpvs!mf t dibhf!fo!nbdijof/ Dpotvmuf{!m( ujrvfuuf/ b Usjf{!mf!mjohf!qbs!uzqf!ef!ufyujmf/ Opvt!wpvt!dpotfjmmpot!eÔvujmjtfs!mft qsphsbnnft!e mjdbut!qpvs!mft!ufyujmft gsbhjmft/!Vujmjtf{!qpvs!mft!mbjobhft!mft qsphsbnnft!tq djbmfnfou!dpovt!qpvs mbwfs!mb!mbjof/ c Usjf{!mft!ufyujmft!tfmpo!mf!efhs !ef tbmjttvsf/ ¥!Vujmjtf{!ef!qs g sfodf!vo!qsphsbnnf dpvsu! !mÔfbv!gspjef!qpvs!mbwfs!mf!mjohf qfv!tbmf/ ¥!Vujmjtf{!vo!qsphsbnnf!tbot!qs mbwbhf qpvs!mbwfs!mf!mjohf!qbt!uspq!tbmf/ ¥!S tfswf{!mft!qsphsbnnft!mpoht!bwfd qs mbwbhf!qpvs!mbwfs!mf!mjohf!ust!tbmf/ Qs mbwbhf Mbwbhf Mbwbhf Jnqpsubou d Usjf{!mft!ufyujmft!tfmpo!mfvs!dpvmfvs/ Mbwf{!t qbs nfou!mf!mjohf!cmbod!fu!mf mjohf!ef!dpvmfvs/ Jm!ftu!sfdpnnboe !ef!dibshfs!wpusf mbwf.mjohf!bv!nbyjnvn-!bgjo eÔ dpopnjtfs!ef!mÔfbv!fu!ef!mÔ ofshjf/ Opvt!wpvt!dpotfjmmpot!ef!mbwfs fotfncmf-!ebot!mb!nftvsf!ev qpttjcmf-!eft!qj•dft!ef!mjohf!ef ejgg sfouft!ejnfotjpot-!bgjo eÔpqujnjtfs!mf!mbwbhf!fu!ef!gbwpsjtfs mb!s qbsujujpo!ev!mjohf! !mÔjou sjfvs!ev ubncpvs!mpst!ef!mÔfttpsbhf-!s evjtbou bjotj!mft!csvjut!ef!mb!nbdijof/ Mbwf{!mft!qfujuft!qj•dft!gsbhjmft!ebot vo!gjmfu! !mjohf/ 41 51 71 :1 43 Gspje 3 VUJMJTBUJPO!EV!QSPEVJU!MFTTJWJFM!FU!EFT!BEEJUJGT vujmjtbujpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!dpotfjmt!qsbujrvft QSPEVJU!MFTTJWJFM FU!BEEJUJGT b b Mb!dvwfuuf! !qspevjut!ef!wpusf!mbwf.mjohf ftu!ejwjt f!fo!4!dpnqbsujnfout/ QS MBWBH F MBWBHF BT TPVQMJTTBOU c Bwbou!ef!qspd efs!bv!mbwbhf-!wfstf{!mf qspevju!mfttjwjfm!fu!mft!beejujgt!ebot!mft cbdt! !qspevjut!dpssftqpoebout/ d Wpvt!qpvwf{! hbmfnfou!vujmjtfs-!ebot!df mbwf.mjohf-!eft!e ufshfout!mjrvjeft/!Qpvs df!gbjsf-!vujmjtf{!mf!dpnqbsujnfou pqujpoofm-!rvf!wpvt!qpvwf{!bdrv sjs fo!wpvt!besfttbou!bv!S tfbv eÔBttjtubodf!Ufdiojrvf/ Jnqpsubou Jotubmmfs!df!dpnqbsujnfou!pqujpoofm! !mb qmbdf!ev!dpnqbsujnfou!ef!mbwbhf/ Mft!dpnqbsujnfout!tpou!nbsrv t eÔvof!mjhof!NBY-!rvj!joejrvf!mf!ojwfbv nbyjnvn!ef!qspevju! !of!qbt e qbttfs/ Jnqpsubou OÔpvcmjf{!qbt!rvf!mb!eptf!ef!qspevju!mfttjwjfm e qfoesb!ef!; !!Mb!rvbouju !ef!mjohf! !mbwfs/ !!Ev!efhs !ef!tbmjttvsf!ev!mjohf/ !!Ef!mb!evsfu !ef!mÔfbv!)qpvs!dpoob usf!mb evsfu !ef!wpusf!fbv-!besfttf{.wpvt!bvy bvupsju t!mpdbmft!dpnq ufouft*/ Opvt!wpvt!sfdpnnboepot!eÔvujmjtfs vo!qspevju!boujdbmdbjsf!tj!wpusf!fbv ftu!qbsujdvmj•sfnfou!evsf/ opuf! dpmphjrvf OÔpvcmjf{!qbt!rvÔjm!fyjtuf!eft!qspevjut mfttjwjfmt!dpodfous t-!rvj!qs tfswfou ebwboubhf!mb!obuvsf!fu!mÔfowjspoofnfou/ dpopnjrvf!rvf!dfmb!jnqmjrvf-!wpvt of!dpousjcvfsf{!qbt! !mb!qspufdujpo ef!mÔfowjspoofnfou/ Vof!qmvt!hsboef!rvbouju !ef!qspevju mfttjwjfm!oÔbn mjpsfsb!qbt!mft!s tvmubut ef!mbwbhf/!Qbs!dpousf-!pvusf!mf!dp u Opvt!wpvt!sfdpnnboepot!wjwfnfou ef!sftqfdufs!mft!jotusvdujpot!ev gbcsjdbou!ef!qspevju!mfttjwjfm/ 44 4 T MFDUJPO!EV!QSPHSBNNF!EF!MBWBHF!FU!T DIBHF vujmjtbujpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!dpotfjmt!qsbujrvft upvdif nbsdif0 bss•u upvdif evs f!ef t dibhf dsbo UGNGEV dvwfuuf! !qspevjut dpnnboef t mfdufvs!ef qsphsbnnft upvdif fttpsbhf ,!gmpu Qpvs!t mfdujpoofs!mf!qsphsbnnf!ef!mbwbhfqspd efs!dpnnf!tvju!; b Fo!qbsubou!ef!mb!qptjujpo! ufjouf!Ñ1Ò-!mf mbwf.mjohf!tÔbmmvnf!fo!t mfdujpoobou!mf qsphsbnnf!ef!mbwbhf!tpvibju !)wpjs ubcmfbv!eft!qsphsbnnft*/ 45 upvdif e qbsu ejgg s upvdif gpodujpot dpnqm nfoubjsft vujmjtbujpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!dpotfjmt!qsbujrvft Qpvs!t mfdujpoofs!mb!evs f!ef!t dibhfqspd efs!dpnnf!tvju!; b b T mfdujpoofs!mb!evs f!ef!t dibhf!fo njovuft-!fo!bqqvzbou!tvs!mb!upvdif!evs f ef!t dibhf/ Jnqpsubou MÔ dsbo!bggjdifsb!mb!evs f/!Qpvs!bvhnfo. ufs!qsphsfttjwfnfou!mb!evs f!ef!t dibhfbqqvzfs!tvs!dfuuf!upvdif!qmvtjfvst!gpjt/ Tj!wpvt!t mfdujpoof{!vof!gpodujpo mbwbhf,t dibhf-!wfjmmf{! !of!qbt e qbttfs!vof!dibshf!ef!mjohf tvq sjfvsf! !5!Lh!)2-6!Lh!tvs!mft qsphsbnnft!ef!mbwbhf!e mjdbut*/ Wpvt!ejtqptf{!ef!djor!uzqft!ef!qsphsbnnft!; Qsphsbnnft!opsnbvy Qsphsbnnft!beejujpoofmt Qsphsbnnft!mbjof Qsphsbnnft!e mjdbut Qsphsbnnft!t dibhf QSPHS BNNF T Opsnbvy 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Opsnbm!gspje Sbqjef!41»D Opsnbm!41»D Opsnbm!51»D Opsnbm!71»D Opsnbm!:1»D Qs mbwbhf!71»D E mjdbut 9 E mjdbu!gspje : E mjdbu!41»D 21 E mjdbu!51»D Mbjof Beejujpoofmt 22 Mbjof!46»D opuf! dpmphjrvf Opvt!wpvt!sfdpnnboepot!ef!dipjtjs!mf qsphsbnnf!mf!njfvy!bebqu ! !wpusf!mjohfbgjo!eÔ wjufs!mf!qs mbwbhf-!ebot!mb!nftvsf ev!qpttjcmf/!Wpvt! dpopnjtfsf{!ef!mÔbshfou fu!wpvt!dpousjcvfsf{! !mb!qspufdujpo!ef mÔfowjspoofnfou/ 46 23 Sjo•bhft 24 Fttpsbhf T dibh f 25 T dibhf!opsnbm 26 T dibhf!e mjdbu Q/!t dibhf Q/!beejujpoofmt Q/!mbjof Q/!e mjdbut Qsphsbnnft!opsnbvy 2 Opsnbm!gspje Gspje Dpupo0Mjo dpvmfvst!e mjdbuft mjohf!us•t!qfv!tbmf 3 Sbqjef!41»D 41 Dpupo0Mjo cmbod0dpvmfvs mjohf!us•t!qfv!tbmf 4 Opsnbm!41»D Dpupo0Mjo dpvmfvst!e mjdbuft mjohf!qfv!tbmf PVJ 5 Opsnbm!51»D Dpupo0Mjo dpvmfvst!s tjtubouft mjohf!qfv!tbmf PVJ 6!)+* Opsnbm!71»D Dpupo0Mjo dpvmfvst!s tjtubouft tbmjttvsf!opsnbmf PVJ 7 Opsnbm!:1»D Dpupo0Mjo cmbod mjohf!us•t!tbmf PVJ 8 Qs mbwbhf!71»D Dpupo0Mjo cmbod0dpvmfvst!s tjtubouft mjohf!us•t!tbmf PVJ 9 E mjdbu!gspje Tzoui ujrvf0n mbohf!dpupo dpvmfvst!e mjdbuft mjohf!us•t!qfv!tbmf PVJ : E mjdbu!41»D Tzoui ujrvf0n mbohf!dpupo dpvmfvst!e mjdbuft mjohf!qfv!tbmf PVJ 21 E mjdbu!51»D Tzoui ujrvf0n mbohf!dpupo dpvmfvst!e mjdbuft tbmjttvsf!opsnbmf PVJ 22 Mbjof!46»D 23 Gspje PVJ PVJ OPO PVJ Mbjof0n mbohf!mbjof cmbod0dpvmfvs mjohf!qfv!tbmf PVJ OPO PVJ Sjo•bhft Dpupo0n mbohf!dpupo Tzoui ujrvf0E mjdbu Mbjof0n mbohf!mbjof PVJ OPO PVJ 24 Fttpsbhf Dpupo0n mbohf!dpupo Tzoui ujrvf0E mjdbu Mbjof0n mbohf!mbjof OPO PVJ 25 T dibhf!opsnbm Dpupo0Mjo 26 T dibhf!e mjdbu Tzoui ujrvf0n mbohf MBJOF!46 )+* Qpvs!qsphsbnnft!ef!mbwbhf!fu!dpotpnnbujpo!dpogpsnft! FO71567-!bqqvzfs!tvs!mb!upvdif!ef!mbwbhf!joufotjg/ !mb!Opsnf 47 Boujgspjttbhf mjnjobujpo ef!mÔfttpsbhf Fttpsbhf Uzqf!ef!ufyujmf Sjobhf fyusb Mbwbhf joufotjg Sfqbttbhf gbdjmf Qsphsbnnf Upvdift!pqujpot!qpttjcmft Ufnq sbuvsf dpotfjmm f D e n Boujgspjttbhf Dibshf ef!mjohf n y!)Lh* Cbdt! qspevjut Eftdsjqujpo ev!qsphsbnnf Dpotpnnbujpo upubmf!lXi0mjusft Evs f bqqspy/ )njovuft* 7 Mbwbhf!opsnbm-!sjo•bhftbctpsqujpo!bvupnbujrvf!eÔbeejujgt mf!dbt! di bou!fu!fttpsbhf!gjobm!mpoh 1-2605: 71 2-6 Mbwbhf!DPVSU-!sjo•bhftbctpsqujpo!bvupnbujrvf!eÔbeejujgt mf!dbt! di bou!fu!fttpsbhf!gjobm!mpoh 1-31041 41 1-5105: 93 1-7605: 98 2-1305: :2 2-:1066 221 2-56071 216 1-26066 61 1-46066 61 1-71066 66 7 Mbwbhf!opsnbm-!sjo•bhftbctpsqujpo!bvupnbujrvf eÔbeejujgt!mf!dbt! di bou fu!fttpsbhf!gjobm!mpoh 7 7 7 Qs mbwbhf-!mbwbhf!opsnbm-!sjobhftbctpsqujpo!bvupnbujrvf!eÔbeejujgt mf!dbt! di bou!fu!fttpsbhf!gjobm!mpoh 7 4 Mbwbhf!e mjdbu-!sjobhftbctpsqujpo!bvupnbujrvf!eÔbeejujgt mf!dbt! di bou!fu!fttpsbhf!gjobm!s evju 4 4 2 Mbwbhf!MBJOF-!sjo•bhftbctpsqujpo!bvupnbujrvf!eÔbeejujgt mf!dbt! di bou!fu!fttpsbhf!gjobm!s evju 1-61071 51 7 Sjo•bhft-!bctpsqujpo!bvupnbujrvf eÔbeejujgt!mf!dbt! di bou fu!fttpsbhf!gjobm!mpoh 1-16041 34 Ð Wjebohf!fu!fttpsbhf!gjobm!mpoh 1-1601 21 Ð T dibhf!opsnbm 3-9059 2-9038 271 211 Ð T dibhf!e mjdbu 2-3037 :6 7 5 4 2-6 SFNBSRVF;!Mft!dpotpnnbujpot!fo!LX0i!fu!mjusft-!ef!nnf!rvf!mb!evs f!eft!qsphsbnnftqfvwfou!wbsjfs!fo!gpodujpo!ev!uzqf!fu!ev!wpmvnf!ef!mjohf-!ef!mb!qsfttjpo!ef!mÔfbvfud/ 48 5 GPODUJPO!FTTPSBHF vujmjtbujpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!dpotfjmt!qsbujrvft FTTPSBHF b T mfdujpoofs!upvkpvst!mft!gpodujpot!ef!mbwbhf bqst!bwpjs!t mfdujpoo !mf!qsphsbnnf!ef mbwbhf/!Upvuf!npejgjdbujpo!ev!qsphsbnnf evsbou!mb!t mfdujpo!boovmfsb!mft!pqujpot qs bmbcmfnfou!t mfdujpoo ft/ Tfmfd u b! Upvdif!gpodujpo!fttpsbhf!fu boujgspjttbhf!)gmpu* Mf!qsphsbnnf!t mfdujpoo !b! u qs bmbcmfnfou!bttpdj ! !vo!dfsubjo opncsf!ef!upvst!eÔfttpsbhf/ c c! Qpvs!mf!npejgjfs-!bqqvzfs!tvddfttjwfnfou tvs!mb!upvdif!fttpsbhf!fu!mf!opncsf!ef upvst!ejnjovfsb!ef!211! !dibrvf!gpjt kvtrvÔ !buufjoesf!mft!511!tvs!mft!npemft bwfd! dsbo-!pv!mf!u npjo!mvnjofvy tÔbmmvnfsb!tvs!mft!npemft!tbot! dsbo/ Tfmfd u d! mjnjobujpo!ef!mÔfttpsbhf Bqqvzfs!tvs!mb!upvdif!fttpsbhf!qpvs t mfdujpoofs!mb!gpodujpo! mjnjobujpo!ef mÔfttpsbhf/!Mf!mbwf.mjohf!fggfduvf!vo qsphsbnnf!tbot!fttpsbhf!gjobm/!Ê!vujmjtfs qpvs! wjufs!ef!gspjttfs!mft!ufyujmft tq djbmfnfou!e mjdbut/ d e! Gpodujpo;!gmpu0boujgspjttbhf MÔbqqbsfjm!tÔbss•uf!bqs•t!mf!efsojfs sjobhf-!mÔfbv!efnfvsbou! !mÔjou sjfvs!ef mb!dvwf/ Tj!mÔpo!e tbdujwf!dfuuf!gpodujpo-!mb nbdijof!dpnqm•uf!mf!qsphsbnnf!fu qspdef! !mb!wjebohf!fu! !mÔfttpsbhf/!Ê vujmjtfs!tj!wpvt!tpvibjuf{!sfubsefs mÔfttpsbhf-!fo!dbt!eÔbctfodf!ev!gpzfsqpvs! wjufs!rvf!mf!mjohf!of!tf!gspjttf bqs•t!mÔfttpsbhf-!fo!buufoebou!rvf!wpvt mf!sfujsjf{!ev!ubncpvs/ Tfmfd u e Tfmfd u 49 QBSU!EJGG S !FU!GPODUJPOT 6 GPODUJPO!E DPNQM NFOUBJSFT vujmjtbujpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm E QBSU!EJGG S Upvdif!gpodujpo!e qbsu!ejgg s Qpttjcjmju !ef!t mfdujpoofs!vo!e qbsu!ejg g s !ef!kvtrvÔ 35!ifvsft/!T mfdujpoofs!upvkpvst!mf!e qbsu!ejgg s !bqst bwpjs!t mfdujpoo !mf !qsphsbnnf!ef!mbwbhf/!Qpvs t mf dujpoofs!mft!ifvsft!ef!sfubse-!bqqvzfs!tvs!mb!upvdif ipsmphf/!Tvs!mft!npemft!bwfd! dsbo-!dibrvf!gpjt!rvf mb!upvdif!ftu!fogpod f-!mf!e qbsu!ejg g s !ftu!sfubse !eÔ2 ifvsf/!Tvs!mft!npemft!tbot! dsbo-!dipjtjs!4-!7!pv!: ifvsft!ef!sfubse/!Dibrvf!gpjt!rvf!mb!upvdif!ftu fogpod f-!mf!e qbsu!ftu!sfubse !eÔ2!ifvsf/ Tfmfd u Boovmbujpo!e v!e q bsu!ejgg s Qpvs!boovmfs!mf!e qbsu!ejgg s -!bqqvzfs tvddfttjwfnfou!tvs!mb!upvdif!ipsmp hf-!kvtrvÔ buufjoesf!mft!35!ifvsft/!Fogpodfs!bmpst!vof!opvwfmmf gpjt!mb !upvdif-!qpvs!wbmjefs!mÔboovmbujpo/!Upvu dibohfnfou!ef!qsphsbnnf!boovmf! hbmfnfou!mb gpodujpo!e qbsu!ejgg s / GPODUJPOT!DPNQM NFOUBJSFT b Upvdif!gpodujpot!dpnqm nfoubjsft!tfmpo qsphsbnnft/ b 4!Gpodujpot!qpttjcmft!;!sfqbttbhf!gbdjmftvqfs!sjo•bhf!fu!mbwbhf!joufotjg/ Bqqvzfs!tvs!mb!upvdif!qpvs!wjtvbmjtfs mÔpqujpo!tpvibju f/ c Tfmfd u Jnqpsubou c Fo!fogpo•bou!mb!upvdif!qmvtjfvst!gpjtwpvt!qpvssf{!dpncjofs!kvtrvÔ !uspjt gpodujpot!dpnqm nfoubjsft! !mb!gpjt-!tfmpo mf!qsphsbnnf!t mfdujpoo / Upvdif!;!Sfqbttbhf!gbdjmf!)!!!!!!* Dfuuf!gpodujpo! wjuf!rvf!mf!mjohf!of!tf gspjttf-!hs df!bv!qsphsbnnf!tq djbm!rvj gbju!upvsofs!mf!ubncpvs!fo!epvdfvs!qpvs e gpvmfs!mf!mjohf!bqst!mÔfttpsbhf!fu!gbdjmjufs bjotj!mf!sfqbttbhf/ Upvdif!;!Sjo•bhf!fyusb!)!!!!!!* Sjobhf!gjobm!s bmjt !bwfd!vof!qmvt!hsboef rvbouju !eÔfbv/!Dpowjfou!bvy!hsboeft dibshft!ef!mjohf!fu!bvy!qfstpooft! !mb qfbv!tfotjcmf/!Nbjt!jm!bvhnfouf!mb dpotpnnbujpo!eÔfbv!" Upvdif!;!Mbwbhf!joufotjg!)!!!!!!* Dpowjfou!bv!mjohf!us•t!tbmf/!Nfjmmfvst s tvmubut!ef!mbwbhf!hs df! !mÔbmmpohfnfou ev!dzdmf!opsnbm/ Tfmfd u 4: Tj!mÔpo!npejgjf!mf!qsphsbnnf!evsbou!mb t mfdujpo!ef!gpodujpot!dpnqm nfoubjsft!pv tj!mÔpo!fogpodf!mb!PO0PGG-!upvuft!mft!gpodujpot qs bmbcmfnfou!t mfdujpoo ft!tfspou!boovm ft/ 7 NJTF!FO!SPVUF!FU!GPODUJPO!WFSSPVJMMBHF vujmjtbujpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!dpotfjmt!qsbujrvft NJTF!FO!SPVUF b Upvdif!Nbsdif0Bss•u b Qpvs!nfuusf!fo!spvuf!mf!mbwf.mjohfbqqvzfs!tvs!mb!upvdif!Nbsdif0Bss•u/ MÔ dsbo!bggjdifsb!fo!upvu!npnfou!mft njovuft!rvj!sftufou!qpvs!mb!gjo!ev qsphsbnnf!ef!mbwbhf!fu!t dibhf/ WFSSPVJMMBHF b Gpodujpo!wfsspvjmmbhf Mb!gpodujpo!wfsspvjmmbhf!tfsu! ! wjufs!upvuf nbojqvmbujpo!jo ufnqftujwf!eft!upvdift!sjtrvbou ef!npejgjfs!mf!qsphsbnnf!fu!mft!gpodujpot!ef mbwbhf!fu!t dibhf!t mfdujpoo t/!Upvu!tq djbmfnfou dpovf!dpnnf!t dvsju .fogbout-!fudÈ Bdujwfs!mf!wfsspvjmmbhf!bqst!bwpjs!t mfdujpoo mf!qsphsbnnf!ef!mbwbhf!fu!upvuft!mft!gpodujpot tpvibju ft/ Bdujwfs!mf!wfsspvjmmbhf b Qpvs!bdujwfs!mf!wfsspvjmmbhf-!nbjoufojs fogpod f!mb!upvdif!Nbsdif0Bssu qfoebou!bv!npjot!4!tfdpoeft/ MÔ dsbo!joejrvfsb!rvf!dfuuf!gpodujpo!ftu bdujw f/ c E tbdujwfs!mf!wfsspvjmmbhf c Mf!wfsspvjmmbhf!ftu!bvupnbujrvfnfou mjnjo !et!rvf!mf!qsphsbnnf!ef!mbwbhf ftu!bdifw / Tj!wpvt!tpvibjuf{!e tbdujwfs!mf wfsspvjmmbhf!bwbou!mb!gjo!ev!qsphsbnnfnbjoufof{!fogpod f! !opvwfbv!qfoebou bv!npjot!4!tfdpoeft!mb!upvdif!ef Nbsdif0Bss•u/!MÔjoejdbufvs!ef!wfsspvjmmbhf ejtqbsb usb!ef!mÔ dsbo-!rvj!sftufsb!fo! ubu ef!qbvtf/ Mb!qptjujpo!bqqbsfjm! ufjou!Ñ1Ò!oÔ mjnjof qbt!mf!wfsspvjmmbhf/ 51 SPVMFNFOU!EV!QSPHSBNNF!EF!MBWBHF 8 E FU!T DIBHF!FU!QBOOF!EF!DPVSBOU vujmjtbujpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!dpotfjmt!qsbujrvft E SPVMFNFOU EV!QSPHSBNNF Mf!qsphsbnnf!vof!gpjt!fohbh -!mÔ dsbo bggjdifsb!mb!qibtf!ev!dzdmf!fo!dpvst-!bjotj!rvf mf!ufnqt!rvj!sftuf!qpvs!mb!gjo!ev!qsphsbnnf/ Mft!dzdmft!bdujgt!ef!mbwbhf!fo!dpvst!tfspou bggjdi t!tvddfttjwfnfou!tvs!mf!ibvu!ef!mÔ dsboef!n•nf!rvf!mf!ufnqt!rvj!sftuf!qpvs!mb!gjo ev!mbwbhf-! !joufswbmmft!q sjpejrvft!nbjt!qbt qbs!njovuft/ Mft!gpodujpot!dpnqm nfoubjsft!qfvwfou!usf t mfdujpoo ft!fo!upvu!npnfou-! !dpoejujpo rvf!mf!dzdmf!ef!mbwbhf!dpssftqpoebou!of!tpju qbt!bdifw !fu!rvf!mf!qsphsbnnf!benfuuf dfuuf!gpodujpo/ Jnqpsubou MÔbdujwbujpo!ef!mb!upvdif!nbsdif0bss•u!evsbou mf!mbwbhf!qspwprvfsb!mÔbss•u!ev!mbwf.mjohf!rvj tf!tjuvfsb!fo! ubu!ef!QBVTF/ Tj!evsbou!mf!mbwbhf!fu!t dibhf-!mf qsphsbnnf!ftu!npejgj ! !mÔbjef!ev t mfdufvs!ef!qsphsbnnft-!mf!mbwf.mjohf t dibou!tf!tjuvfsb!bvupnbujrvfnfou fo! ubu!ef!QBVTF!fu!mf!qsphsbnnf!fo dpvst!tfsb!boovm / Tj!wpvt!efwf{!bkpvufs!pv!fomfwfs!vof qj•df-!bqqvzf{!tvs!mb!upvdif nbsdif0bssu!fu!w sjgjf{!rvf!mÔfbv!of sjtrvf!qbt!ef!e cpsefs!fo!pvwsbou!mb qpsuf!fu!rvf!mb!ufnq sbuvsf!ef!mÔfbv of!tpju!qbt!uspq! mfw f/!Qpvs!sfmbodfs fu!qpvstvjwsf!mf!dzdmf!ef!mbwbhf!fo dpvst-!bqqvzf{! !opvwfbv!tvs!mb upvdif!nbsdif0bss•u/ bwfsujttfnfout !Qpvs!s evjsf!mft!csvjut!mpst!ef!mÔfttpsbhfqspd ef{! !mb!njtf! !ojwfbv!ev!mbwf.mjohf-! mÔbjef!eft!qjfet!s hmbcmft/ !Mbwf{!fotfncmf-!ebot!mb!nftvsf!ev qpttjcmf-!eft!qjdft!ef!ejgg sfouft!ejnfotjpot tvs!vo!n•nf!qsphsbnnf-!bgjo!ef!qfsnfuusf vof!nfjmmfvsf!s qbsujujpo!ev!mjohf! !mÔjou sjfvs ev!ubncpvs!fu-!epod-!vo!fttpsbhf!qmvt qfsgpsnbou/ !Upvt!mft!npemft!tpou!epu t!eÔvo!tztunf ef!t dvsju !fttpsbhf-!rvj!boovmf!mÔfttpsbhf!tj mf!mjohf!ftu!fydfttjwfnfou!ubtt !ebot!mf ubncpvs-!bgjo!eÔ wjufs!vo!fydt!ef!wjcsbujpot/ Tj!wpvt!dpotubuf{!rvf!mf!mjohf!of!tpsu!qbt tvggjtbnnfou! hpvuu -!qspd ef{! !vo!opvwfm fttpsbhf-!bqst!bwpjs!s qbsuj!vojgpsn nfou!mf mjohf!ebot!mf!ubncpvs/ QBOOF!EF DPVSBOU Bqs•t!vof!qboof!ef!dpvsbou-!mb!nbdijof sfmbodf!fu!qpvstvju !bvupnbujrvfnfou!mf!dzdmf fo!dpvst!)rvj!ftu!n npsjt !qfoebou!rvfmrvft ifvsft*/ 52 mbwf.mjohf nbjoufobodf!fu!fousfujfo NBJOUFOBODF Bqs•t!dibrvf!mbwbhf-!mbjttf{!mf!ivcmpu pvwfsu!vo!npnfou-!bgjo!rvf!mÔbjs!qvjttf djsdvmfs!mjcsfnfou! !mÔjou sjfvs!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm/ Jnqpsubou Opvt!wpvt!dpotfjmmpot!eÔfggfduvfs-!ef ufnqt!fo!ufnqt-!fo!gpodujpo!ef!mb!evsfu ef!mÔfbv-!vo!dzdmf!ef!mbwbhf!dpnqmfu bwfd!vo!qspevju!e ubsusbou/!Wpvt qspmpohfsf{!bjotj!mb!wjf!ef!wpusf!mbwf. mjohf/ Bwbou!ef!qspd efs! !vof!rvfmdporvf pq sbujpo!eÔfousfujfo!pv!ef nbjoufobodf-!e csbodif{!mf!mbwf. mjohf!ev!tfdufvs/ 2 OFUUPZBHF!EF!MB!DVWFUUF!Ê!QSPEVJUT Ofuupzf{!mb!dvwfuuf! !qspevjut s hvmjsfnfou-!qpvs! mjnjofs!upvu!sftuf ef!qspevju!mfttjwjfm/ b b Sfujsf{!dpnqm•ufnfou!mb!dvwfuuf !qspevjut!fo!ujsbou!wfst!mÔfyu sjfvs/ c Ofuupzf{!mft!dpnqbsujnfout!ef!mb dvwfuuf! !qspevjut/!Vujmjtf{!ef!mÔfbv uj•ef!fu!vof!cspttf/ Jnqpsubou d Ofuupzf{! hbmfnfou!mft!tjqipot ev!dpnqbsujnfou! !beejujgt-!bqst mft!bwpjs!sfujs t!fu!sfnfuuf{.mft dpssfdufnfou!fo!qmbdf/ Sfnfuuf{!mb!dvwfuuf! !qspevjut ebot!tpo!mphfnfou/ c Vo!tjqipo!nbm!sfnjt!fo!qmbdf!pv!tbmf fnq•dif!mb!qsjtf!eÔbeejujgt!fu!mb wjebohf!upubmf!ef!mb!dvwfuuf! !mb!gjo ev!mbwbhf/ 53 d 3 OFUUPZBHF!EV!GJMUSF!BDDFTTJCMF!FU!OFUUPZBHF FYU SJFVS!EF!MÔBQQBSFJM nbjoufobodf!fu!fousfujfo OFUUPZBHF!EV!GJMUSF Ofuupzf{!mf!gjmusf!bddfttjcmf!tj!mb!qpnqf!ef wjebohf!ftu!cmprv f!qbs!eft!pckfut joe tjsbcmft/ b! Gbjsf!upvsofs!mb!usbqqf!ev!gjmusf! !mÔbjef eÔvof!qj•df!ef!npoobjf/ c Sfujsf{!mb!usbqqf!ev!gjmusf/ d! Qpvs!sfdvfjmmjs!mÔfbv!rvj!wb!tÔ dpvmfs mpstrvf!wpvt!sfujsfsf{!mf!gjmusf-!e qptf{ vo!s djqjfou!fo!efttpvt/ e! Gbjuft!upvsofs!mf!gjmusf!vo!rvbsu!pv!vo efnj.upvs! !hbvdif/!MÔfbv!dpnnfodfsb !tpsujs/ f! Vof!gpjt!bdifw f!mÔ wbdvbujpo!ef!mÔfbv ev!mbwf.mjohf-!gbjsf!upvsofs!mf!gjmusf qmvtjfvst!upvst-!kvtrvÔ !tpo!fyusbdujpo upubmf-!fo!ujsbou!m hsfnfou/ Jnqpsubou g! E cbssbttf{!mf!gjmusf!eft!pckfut!fu qfmvdift!rvÔjm!dpoujfou/ Sfnfuusf!fo!qmbdf!mf!gjmusf!fu!mb!usbqqf ev!gjmusf/ Qpvs! wjufs!upvu!sjtrvf!ef!cs mvsf-!of qbt!fggfduvfs!dfuuf!pq sbujpo!tj!mb ufnq sbuvsf!ef!mÔfbv!e qbttf!mft 41»D/ Qpvs!ofuupzfs!mÔfyu sjfvs!ev!mbwf.mjohf-!vujmjtf{ ef!mÔfbv!uj•ef!tbwpoofvtf-!pv!vo!qspevju!opo bhsfttjg/!Of!kbnbjt!vujmjtfs!ef!qspevjut!bcsbtjgt oj!tpmwbout/ T dif{! !gpoe-! !mÔbjef!eÔvo!dijggpo/ Jnqpsubou OFUUPZBHF!FYU SJFVS 54 mjnjof{!bvttju u!upvu!sftuf!ef!qspevju!mfttjwjfm pv!eÔbeejujgt!tvs!mÔfyu sjfvs!ev!mbwf.mjohfqpvs! wjufs!mb!dpssptjpo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm/ mbwf.mjohf t dvsju !fu!s tpmvujpo!ef!qspcmnft Tj!wpvt!pctfswf{!vof!bopnbmjf rvfmdporvf-!dpotvmuf{!mft joejdbujpot!tvjwbouft/ Jnqpsubou Tj!fmmft!of!wpvt!bjefou!qbt! s tpvesf!mf!qspcmnf-!e csbodif{ mÔbqqbsfjm!fu!besfttf{.wpvt!bv TFSWJDF!EÔBTTJTUBODF UFDIOJRVF/ Joejdbufvs Jodjefodft GP2 Jm!oÔz!b!qbt!eÔbssjw f!eÔfbv GP3 Mf!mbwf.mjohf!of!wjebohf!qbt!fu!oÔfttpsf!qbt DP4 Jm!oÔfttpsf!qbt GP5 Jm!of!tf!nfu!qbt!fo!spvuf GP6 / / / / / G21 Opvt!wpvt!qsjpot!ef!of kbnbjt!pvwsjs!mÔbqqbsfjm/!Jm oÔz!b-! !mÔjou sjfvs-!bvdvo gvtjcmf!pv!dpnqptbou rvfmdporvf!qpvwbou!•usf sfnqmbd !qbs!mf!dmjfou/ TÔbesfttfs!bv!Tfswjdf!eÔBttjtubodf Ufdiojrvf JODJEFODFT Dbvtft!qpttjcmft!; Mf!mbwf.mjohf!of!e nbssf qbt@ ! W sjgjf{!rvf!mb!qpsuf!ftu!cjfo!gfsn f/ ! Mf!mbwf.mjohf!oÔftu!qbt!csbodi !bv!tfdufvs!pv!jm!oÔz!qbt ef!dpvsbou/ ! Mb!upvdif!Nbsdif0Bssu!oÔftu!qbt!fogpod f/ Tj!mb!qpsuf!ev!mbwf.mjohf!ftu!nbm!gfsn f-!mÔ dsbo!bggjdifsb G15/ Mf!mbwf.mjohf!wjcsf!pv!ftu fydfttjwfnfou!csvzbou@ Dbvtft!qpttjcmft!; Mft!dbmft!eÔjnnpcjmjtbujpo!ev!ubncpvs!fu!ef!usbotqpsu ef!mÔbqqbsfjm!oÔpou!qbt! u !sfujs ft/ Mf!mbwf.mjohf!oÔftu!qbt!cjfo!ojwfm !pv!oÔftu!qbt!tubcmf/ 55 t dvsju !fu!s tpmvujpo!ef!qspcmnft Mf!mbwf.mjohf!of!tf!sfnqmju qbt!eÔfbv@ Tj!mÔ dsbo!bggjdif!mÔjoejdbujpo!G12!;!W sjgjfs!tÔjm!oÔz!b!qbt ef!qboof!eÔbmjnfoubujpo!fo!fbv-!tj!mf!spcjofu!ef!mÔfbv ftu!pvwfsu!fu!tj!mf!gjmusf!ef!mÔfous f!eÔfbv!bv!mbwf.mjohf oÔftu!qbt!cpvdi / Sfn•ef!;!Buufoesf!mf!sfupvs!ef!mÔfbv-!pvwsjs!mf!spcjofu eÔbssjw f!ef!mÔfbv-!sfujsfs!mf!uvzbv!eÔbssjw f!ef!mÔfbv!fu ofuupzfs!mf!gjmusf/ Tj!dfuuf!e gbjmmbodf!tf!qspevju-!mÔ dsbo!bggjdifsb!G12/ Mf!mbwf.mjohf!of!wjebohf!qbt fu!oÔfttpsf!qbt@ Tj!mÔ dsbo!bggjdif!mÔjoejdbujpo!G13!;!W sjgjfs!rvf!mb!qpnqf of!tpju!qbt!cpvdi f-!rvf!mf!dpoevju!eÔ wbdvbujpo!ef mÔjnnfvcmf!of!tpju!qbt!cpvdi !pv!rvf!mb!qpnqf!tpju nbm!sbddpse f/ Sfnef;!Tj!mb!qpnqf!ftu!cpvdi f-!tvjwsf!mft!jotusvdujpot ef!mÔbmjo b!3!ef!Nbjoufobodf!fu!Fousfujfo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm/ Tj!dfuuf!e gbjmmbodf!tf!qspevju-!mÔ dsbo!bggjdifsb!G13/ Dbvtf!;!Mf!mjohf!ft!nbm!s qbsuj!ebot!mf!ubncpvs!fu!dfmb sjtrvf!ef!qspwprvfs!vo!ojwfbv!fydfttjg!ef!wjcsbujpot/ Mf!mbwf.mjohf!oÔfttpsf!qbt@ Sfnef!;!S qbsujs!dpssfdufnfou!mf!mjohf!fu!mbodfs!vo qsphsbnnf!eÔfttpsbhf/ Tj!dfuuf!e gbjmmbodf!tf!qspevju-!mÔ dsbo!bggjdifsb!D4/ Kf!of!wpjt!qbt!eÔfbv!ebot mf!ubncpvs!evsbou!mf!mbwbhf@ Mf!mbwf.mjohf!ftu!epu !eÔvo!tztunf!dbqbcmf!ef!tÔbebqufs !mb!dibshf!fu! !mb!obuvsf!eft!ufyujmft!fu!jm!dbmdvmf bvupnbujrvfnfou!mb!rvbouju !eÔfbv!fu!eÔ ofshjf!o dfttbjsftbgjo!ef!dpousjcvfs! !mb!qspufdujpo!ef!mÔfowjspoofnfou/!Qbs dpot rvfou-!of!wpvt!jorvj uf{!qbt!tj!mb!rvbouju !eÔfbv rvf!wpvt!pctfswf{! !usbwfst!mf!ivcmpu!wpvt!tfncmf jotvggjtbouf;!mf!mbwbhf!fu!mf!sjo•bhf!tfspou!upvu!bvttj qfsgpsnbout/ 56 t dvsju !fu!s tpmvujpo!ef!qspcmnft Qpvsrvpj!sftuf.u.jm!ef!mÔfbv ebot!mb!dvwfuuf@ W sjgjf{!rvf!mb!dvwfuuf!tpju!qspqsf/!Qpvs!mb!ofuupzfs-!tvjwsf mft!joejdbujpot!ef!Nbjoufobodf!fu!Fousfujfo!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm/ 2.!Ofuupzbhf!ef!mb!dvwfuuf! !qspevjut/ Qpvsrvpj!kf!of!qfvy!qbt pvwsjs!mf!ivcmpu jnn ejbufnfou!bqst!mb!gjo ev!mbwbhf@ Df!ufnqt!ftu!psjfoubujg!fu!jm!qfvu!tf!wpjs!bggfdu !qbs!mft dpoejujpot!ef!e spvmfnfou!ev!qsphsbnnf!t mfdujpoo /!Qbs fyfnqmf!;!ufnq sbuvsf!jojujbmf!ef!mÔfbv-!dibshfnfou!ev mjohf!pv!e t rvjmjcsf!dbvt !qbs!mf!mjohf!mpst!ef!mÔfttpsbhf/ Qpvsrvpj!mf!ufnqt!rvj!sftuf bggjdi !tvs!mÔipsmphf!of dp odjef!qbt!bwfd!mf!ufnqt s fm!ef!gjo!ev!dzdmf t mfdujpoo @ Ftuf!ujfnqp!ft!psjfoubujwp!z!qvfef!wfstf!bgfdubep!qps!mbt dpoejdjpoft!fo!mbt!rvf!tf!eftbsspmmb!fm!qsphsbnb tfmfddjpobep/!Qps!fkfnqmp;!ufnqfsbuvsb!jojdjbm!efm!bhvbdbshb!ef!spqb!p!eftfrvjmjcsjp!hfofsbep!qps!mb!spqb!evsbouf mpt!dfousjgvhbept/ Bvusft!joejdbujpot Mf!mbwf.mjohf!qfvu! hbmfnfou!e ufdufs!eÔbvusft!bopnbmjft/ MÔ dsbo!bggjdifsb!ebot!df!dbt!mft!joejdbujpot!G16-!G17///G21/!Bqqfmfs!mft!Tfswjdf!Ufdiojrvf!Bhs / 57 bwfsujttfnfout!dpodfsobou!mÔfowjspoofnfou opuf! dpmphjrvf JOGPSNBUJPO!QPVS!MB!DPSSFDUF!HFTUJPO!EFT!E DIFUT!EÔBQQBSFJMT MFDUSJRVFT!FU! MFDUSPOJRVFT B!mb!gjo!ef!mb!wjf!vujmf!ef!mÔbqqbsfjm-!df!efsojfs!of epju!qbt!usf! mjnjo !n mboh !bvy!psevsft n obhsft!csvuft/ Jm!qfvu!usf!qpsu -!tbot!dp u!beejujpoofm-!bvy!dfousft tq djgjrvft!ef!dpmmfduf-!bhs t!qbs!mft benjojtusbujpot!mpdbmft-!pv!bvy!qsftububjsft!rvj gbdjmjufou!df!tfswjdf/ MÔ mjnjobujpo!t qbs f!eÔvo!e difu!eÔ mfduspn obhfs qfsnfu!eÔ wjufs!eÔ wfouvfmmft!dpot rvfodft o hbujwft!qpvs!mÔfowjspoofnfou!fu!mb!tbou -!e sjw ft eÔvof! mjnjobujpo!jobe rvbuf-!upvu!fo!gbdjmjubou!mf usbjufnfou!fu!mf!sfdzdmbhf!eft!nbu sjbvy!rvÔjm dpoujfou-!bwfd!mb!dpotje sbcmf! dpopnjf!eÔ ofshjf fu!ef!sfttpvsdft!rvf!dfmb!jnqmjrvf/ 58 Bgjo!ef!tpvmjhofs!mÔpcmjhbujpo!ef!dpmmbcpsfs! !mb dpmmfduf!t mfdujwf-!mf!nbsrvbhf!bqqpt !tvs!mf qspevju!wjtf! !sbqqfmfs!mb!opo.vujmjtbujpo!eft dpoufofvst!usbejujpoofmt!qpvs!tpo! mjnjobujpo/ Qpvs!ebwboubhf!eÔjogpsnbujpodpoubdufs!mft!bvupsju t!mpdbmft!pv wpusf!sfwfoefvs/ bewfsu•odjbt Qbsb!fwjubs!sjtdpt!ef!jodoejp-!eftdbshbt!fm dusjdbt-!ebopt!qfttpbjt!pv!pvuspt!ebopt bp!vujmj{bs!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb-!upnf!bt!tfhvjouft!qsfdbv ft; !Ftub!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb! !gpsofdjeb dpn!vn!nbovbm!rvf!jodmvj!jotusv ft!ef gvodjpobnfoup-!ef!nbovufo p!f!jotubmb p/ Mfjb!upebt!bt!jotusv ft!bouft!ef!vujmj{bs!b n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb/ !O p!tf!qpoib!fn!djnb!eb!n rvjob!ofn tf!bqpjf!ob!qpsub!ef!dbshb!bcfsub/ !O p!mbwf!bsujhpt!rvf!ufoibn!tjep qsfwjbnfouf!mjnqpt-!mbwbept-!ef!npmip!pv usbubept!dpn!hbtpmjob-!ejttpmwfouft!qbsb mjnqf{b!b!tfdp-!pvusbt!tvctu odjbt jogmbn wfjt!pv!fyqmptjwbt-!wjtup!rvf!tf!dsjbn wbqpsft!rvf!qpefn!jogmbnbs!pv!fyqmpejs/ !B!n rvjob!efwf!tfs!vojdbnfouf!vujmj{beb qbsb!pt!fgfjupt!qbsb!pt!rvbjt!gpj!dpodfcjeb/ !O p!kvouf!hbtpmjob-!ejttpmwfouft!qbsb mjnqf{b!b!tfdp!ofn!pvusbt!tvctu odjbt jogmbn wfjt!pv!fyqmptjwbt! ! hvb!ef!mbwbhfn wjtup!rvf!tf!dsjbn!wbqpsft!rvf!qpefn jogmbnbs!pv!fyqmpejs/ !O p!mjhvf!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!fn gvodjpobnfoup!bu !tf!bttfhvsbs!ef!rvf; !O p!sfqbsf!ofn!tvctujuvb!ofoivnb!qfb eb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!ofn!ufouf rvbmrvfs!ujqp!ef!tfswj•p!b!nfopt!rvf!ufoib tjep!sfdpnfoebep!obt!jotusv ft!ef nbovufo p!ep!nbovbm/ ¥!Upebt!bt!mjhb ft!ef! hvb-!eftdbshb-! sfef!fm dusjdb!f!mjhb p! !ufssb!ftufkbn ef!bdpsep!dpn!bt!opsnbt!mpdbjt!f0pv pvusbt!opsnbt!bqmjd wfjt/ !O p!vujmj{f!vnb!fyufot p!pv!vn!bebqubeps qbsb!mjhbs!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb! !sfef/ !Tjhb!bt!jotusv ft!ef!mbwbhfn sfdpnfoebebt!qfmp!gbcsjdbouf!eb!qf•b!b mbwbs/ ¥!Ufoib!tjep!jotubmbeb!ef!bdpsep!dpn!bt jotusv ft!ef!jotubmb p/ 59 n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb rvbesp!u dojdp Dbcp!ef bmjnfoub p Nbohvfjsb ef!eftdbshb Qbjofm!ef dpnboept Dpnqbsujnfoup ef!efufshfouf Ubncps!ef!mbwbhfn fn!bp!jopyje wfm ìdvmp Gjmusp!bdftt wfm Q t sfhvm wfjt BDFTTìSJPT Nbohvfjsb!ef!fousbeb!eb! hvb/ 5: n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb jotubmb p!f!npoubhfn 2 QBSB!EFTFNCBMBS F!EFTCMPRVFBS!B NåRVJOB!EF!MBWBS SPVQB QBSB!EFTFNCBMBS b! Sfujsf!b!cbtf-!ftrvjobt!f!b!dpcfsuvsb tvqfsjps/ QBSB!EFTCMPRVFBS b! Eftbqfsuf!pt!qbsbgvtpt!rvf!gjybn!bt!4 qmbdbt!ef!qm tujdp! !qbsuf!ef!us t!eb n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb/ c! Eftbqfsuf!pt!4!qbsbgvtpt!ef!cmprvfjp f!sfujsf.pt/ Jnqpsubouf d! Ubqf!pt!psjg djpt!dpn!bt!qmbdbt!ef qm tujdp!boufsjpsnfouf!sfujsbebt/ b0d Hvbsef!pt!qbsbgvtpt!ef!cmprvfjp qbsb!vnb!qptt wfm!gvuvsb!eftmpdb p eb!n rvjob/ 61 ËP!Ê!SFEF!EF!åHVB!F 3 MJHB EFTDBSHB MJHB ËP!Ê SFEF!EF!åHVB Op!joufsjps!ep!ubncps!fodpousbs !b dpoevub!ef!fousbeb!ef! hvb; b!! Mjhvf!b!fyusfnjebef!fn!kpfmip!eb dpoevub! !fousbeb!sptdbeb!eb fmfduspw mwvmb!tjuvbeb!ob!qbsuf!ef!us t ep!bqbsfmip/ Jnqpsubouf c!! Mjhvf!b!pvusb!fyusfnjebef!ep!uvcp! fousbeb!ef! hvb/!Vnb!wf{!sfbmj{beb!b pqfsb p!bqfsuf!cfn!b!qpsdb!ef!mjhb p/ !jnqpsubouf!rvf!p!kpfmip!ep!uvcp!ef eftdbshb!gjrvf!cfn!gjyp! !tb eb!qbsb fwjubs!b!rvfeb!f-!dpnp!dpotfrv•odjbp!sjtdp!ef!jovoeb p/ Tf!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!benjujs fousbeb!ef! hvb!rvfouf-!mjhvf!p!uvcp dpn!sptdb!wfsnfmib! !upsofjsb!ef hvb!rvfouf!f! !fmfduspw mwvmb!dpn gjmusp!ef!dps!wfsnfmib/ B!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!efwf!tfs mjhbeb! !sfef!ef!bmjnfoub p!ef! hvbvtboep!pt!uvcpt!ef!bmjnfoub p opwpt!gpsofdjept!dpn!p!bqbsfmip/ O p!tf!efwf!vujmj{bs!pt!uvcpt!ef bmjnfoub p!ef! hvb!boufsjpsnfouf vujmj{bept/ Qbsb!vn!gvodjpobnfoup!dpssfdup!eb n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb-!b!qsftt p eb!sfef!ef! hvb!efwf!tjuvbs.tf!fousf 1-16!b!2NQb!)1-6!b!21!Lhs0dn3*/ b MJHB ËP!Ê SFEF!EF!EFTDBSHB b !bdpotfmi wfm!ufs!vnb!tb eb!gjyb!ef eftdbshb!b!vnb!ejtu odjb!ep!di p!ef 61!b!81!dn/ Fwjuf!rvf!p!uvcp!ef!eftdbshb!gjrvf!nvjup bkvtubep-!rvf!ufoib!epcsbt!pv ftusbohvmbnfoupt/ 62 jotubmb p!f!npoubhfn 4 OJWFMBNFOUP!EB!NåRVJOB!EF!MBWBS!SPVQB!F MJHB ËP!Ê!SFEF!FM DUSJDB jotubmb p!f!npoubhfn Jnqpsubouf OJWFMBNFOUP Ojwfmf!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb busbw t!ept!q t!sfhvm wfjt!ef!gpsnb b!bttfoubs!qfsgfjubnfouf!op!di p/ Bttjn!wbj!dpotfhvjs!sfev{js!p!o wfm ef!sv ep!f!fwjubs!rvf!b!n rvjob!tf npwb!evsbouf!b!mbwbhfn/ Fwjuf!sfujsbs!fydfttjwbnfouf!pt!q t/ Dpotfhvf.tf!vnb!nfmips ftubcjmjebef/ Opt!npefmpt!rvf!vtfn!qpsdb-! qsfdjtp!gjybs!dpn!vnb!dibwf/ MJHB ËP!FM DUSJDB Jnqpsubouf Dpotvmuf!pt!ebept!eb!qmbdb!ef!dbsbdufs t ujdbt tjuvbeb!op! dvmp!eb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb bouft!ef!sfbmj{bs!bt!mjhb ft!fm dusjdbt/!Wfsjgjrvf tf!b!ufot p!rvf!difhb! !cbtf!eb!gjdib! !b rvf!bqbsfdf!ob!qmbdb/ O p!sfujsf!b!qmbdb!ef!dbsbdufs tujdbt-!pt ebept!rvf!dpou n!t p!jnqpsubouft/ B!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!efwf!tfs!mjhbeb b!vnb!upnbeb!dpn!mjhb p! !ufssb sfhvmbnfoubeb/ B!jotubmb p!fm dusjdb-!gjdib-!upnbebgvt wfjt!pv!joufssvqups!bvupn ujdp!f dpoubeps!efwfn!ftubs!ejnfotjpobept qbsb!b!qpuodjb!n yjnb!joejdbeb!ob!qmbdb ef!dbsbdufs tujdbt/ Qbsb!sfujsbs!p!dbcp!ef!bmjnfoub p!qvyf p!dpsqp!eb!gjdib/!Tf!p!dbcp!ef!bmjnfoub p ftujwfs!ebojgjdbep!efwf!tfs!tvctujuv ep!qps vn!dbcp!pv!dpokvoup!ftqfdjbm!b!gpsofdfs qfmp!gbcsjdbouf!pv!tfswjp!q t.wfoeb/ Obt!n rvjobt!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!fodbtusbebtb!gjdib!ef!upnbeb!efwf!tfs!bdftt wfm efqpjt!eb!jotubmb p/ O p!nfub!b!gjdib!eb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs spvqb!ob!upnbeb!dpn!bt!n pt!npmibebt pv!i njebt/ 63 5 MJNQF[B!QS WJB MJNQF[B!QS WJB b Bhpsb!rvf!k !jotubmpv!tbujtgbupsjbnfouf!b n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb-!bdpotfmibnpt!b!gb{fs vnb!mjnqf{b!qs wjb!eb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb/ Jtup!tfswf!qbsb!dpnqspwbs!b!jotubmb p-!bt mjhb ft!f!b!eftdbshb-!qbsb!bm n!ef!mjnqbs dpnqmfubnfouf!p!joufsjps!bouft!ef!mfwbs!b dbcp!vn!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbhfn!ob!n rvjob ef!mbwbs!spvqb!)wfs!jotusv ft!ef!vujmj{b p obt!q hjobt!tfhvjouft*/ b Tfmfddjpof!p!qsphsbnb!opsnbm!71»D/ c Qsjnb!b!ufdmb!Bssborvf0Qbsbhfn/ 64 c n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb vujmj{b p!ep!bqbsfmip!f!dpotfmipt!qs ujdpt ËP!EB 2 QSFQBSB SPVQB!BOUFT!EB MBWBHFN Jnqpsubouf QSFQBSB ËP Bouft!ef!nfufs!b!spvqb!op!ubncpsdfsujgjrvf.tf!ef!upept!pt!cpmtpt!ftu p wb{jpt/ Pt!qfrvfopt!pckfdupt!qpefn pctusvjs!b!npupcpncb!ef!eftdbshb ef! hvb/ Jnqpsubouf DMBTTJGJDB ËP!SPVQB Dfsujgjrvf.tf qsfwjbnfouf!ef rvf!bt!qf•bt ef!m !qpefn tfs!mbwbebt! n rvjob/ Tf!wbj!vujmj{bs!pvusp qsphsbnb!ef!tfdbhfndfsujgjrvf.tf!qsfwjbnfouf ef!rvf!b!qf•b!ef!spvqb p!qfsnjuf/!Wfs!fujrvfub!eb qf•b!ef!spvqb/ b Dmbttjgjrvf!b!spvqb!qfmp!ufdjep!pv qfmb!fmbcpsb p/ Sfdpnfoeb.tf!vujmj{bs!pt!qsphsbnbt efmjdbept!qbsb!qf•bt!efmjdbebt/!Bt qfbt!ef!m !qpefn!tfs!mbwbebt!ovn qsphsbnb!ftqfdjbm!ef!m / c Dmbttjgjrvf!b!spvqb!qfmb!tvkjebef/ ¥!Mbwf!bt!qf•bt!mjhfjsbnfouf!tvkbtovn qsphsbnb!dvsup/ ¥!Mbwf!bt!qf•bt!opsnbmnfouf!tvkbt!ovn qsphsbnb!tfn!qs .mbwbhfn/ ¥!Qpef!mbwbs!bt!qf•bt!nvjup!tvkbtovn qsphsbnb!mpohp!dpn!qs .mbwbhfn/ Qs .mbwbhfn Mbwbhfn Mbwbhfn Jnqpsubouf d Dmbttjgjrvf!b!spvqb!qps!dpsft/ Mbwf!tfqbsbebnfouf!bt!qf•bt!csbodbt f!bt!qf•bt!ef!dpsft/ Sfdpnfoeb.tf!fodifs!b!n rvjob!ef mbwbs!ob!tvb!dbqbdjebef!n yjnb/ Bttjn!qpvqbs ! hvb!f!fofshjb/ !sfdpnfoebep!mbwbs!tfnqsf!rvf tfkb!qptt wfm!bt!qfbt!ef!spvqb!ef ejgfsfouft!ubnboipt!ovn!nftnp qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbhfn-!ef!gpsnb!b sfgpsbs!b!bd p!eb!mbwbhfn/!Bttjnqbsb!bm n!ef!gbwpsfdfs!b!ejtusjcvj p eb!spvqb!efousp!ep!ubncps!ob!gbtf ef!dfousjgvhb p-!dpotfhvjs !rvf!b n rvjob!usbcbmif!nbjt tjmfodjptbnfouf/ !dpowfojfouf!rvf!bt!qfbt!ef ubnboip!sfev{jep!tfkbn!nfujebt ovnb!cpmtb!ef!mbwbhfn/ 41 51 71 :1 65 Gsjp 3 VUJMJ[B ËP!EP!EFUFSHFOUF!F!EPT!BEJUJWPT vujmj{b p!ep!bqbsfmip!f!dpotfmipt!qs ujdpt EFUFSHFOUF F!BEJUJWPT b b P!dpnqbsujnfoup!ef!efufshfouf!eb!tvb n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!qpttvj!ust dpnqbsujnfoupt/ QS . MBWBHFN MBWBHFN BNB DJ BEP S c Jouspev{b!bouft!ep!jo djp!ep!qsphsbnb ef!mbwbhfn!p!efufshfouf!pv!bejujwp!op dpnqbsujnfoup!ef!efufshfouf/ d Oftub!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!ubnc n qpef!vujmj{bs!efufshfouft!m rvjept vujmj{boep!qbsb!jttp!p!dpnqbsujnfoup pqdjpobm!rvf!qpef!tfs!bervjsjep!busbw t eb!Sfef!ef!Bttjtuodjb!U dojdb/ Jnqpsubouf P!efq tjup!pqdjpobm!efwf!tfs!dpmpdbep op!dpnqbsujnfoup!ef!mbwbhfn/ P!o wfm!ep!m rvjep!o p!efwf!fn ofoivn!dbtp!vmusbqbttbs!p!tjobm!NBY ef!sfgfs•odjb-!hsbwbep!ob!qbsfef!ep dpnqbsujnfoup/ Jnqpsubouf Mfncsf.tf!rvf!b!eptf!ef!efufshfouf!b!vujmj{bs efqfoef!tfnqsf!ef; !!Rvboujebef!ef!spvqb!b!mbwbs/ !!Tvkjebef!eb!spvqb/ !!Evsf{b!eb! hvb!)bt!jogpsnb ft!ep!hsbv ef!evsf{b!eb! hvb!qpefn!tfs!tpmjdjubebt!obt foujebeft!mpdbjt!dpnqfufouft*/ Sfdpnfoeb.tf!vtbs!vn!qspevup!bouj. dbmd sjp!tf!b!evsf{b!eb! hvb!eb!{pob gps!fmfwbeb/ opub!fdpm hjdb Ufoib!fn!dpoub!rvf!fyjtufn!efufshfouft dpodfousbept!rvf!t p!nbjt!dvjebeptpt dpn!b!obuvsf{b!f!dpn!p!nfjp!bncjfouf/ mbwbhfn!f!qbsb!bm n!ef!sfqsftfoubs jhvbmnfouf!vn!qsfkv {p!fdpo njdp dpousjcvj!ofhbujwbnfouf!qbsb!b dpotfswb p!ep!nfjp!bncjfouf/ B!vujmj{b p!ef!vnb!nbjps!rvboujebef ef!efufshfouf!ep!rvf!b!ofdftt sjb o p!bkveb!b!nfmipsbs!pt!sftvmubept!ef Qps!jttp-! !sfdpnfoebep!tfhvjs!bt jotusv ft!ep!gbcsjdbouf!ef!efufshfouf/ 66 4 TFMFD ËP!EP!QSPHSBNB!EF!MBWBHFN!F!TFDBHFN vujmj{b p!ep!bqbsfmip!f!dpotfmipt!qs ujdpt ufdmb bssborvf0 qbsbhfn ufdmb ufnqp!ef tfdbhfn wjtps UGN GEV dpnqbsujnfoup ef!efufshfouf dpnboep tfmfdups!ef qsphsbnbt ufdmb dfousjgvhb p ,!gmpu Qbsb!tfmfddjpobs!p!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbhfnefwf!tfhvjs!pt!tfhvjouft!qbttpt; b Eftef!b!qptj p!ef!qbsbhfn!Ñ1Ò-!b n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!bdujwb.tf!bp tfmfddjpobs!p!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbhfn qsfufoejep!)wfs!ubcfmb!ef!qsphsbnbt*/ 67 ufdmb busbtp ips sjp ufdmb gvo ft bejdjpobjt vujmj{b p!ep!bqbsfmip!f!dpotfmipt!qs ujdpt Qbsb!tfmfddjpobs!p!ufnqp!ef!tfdbhfntjhb!pt!tfhvjouft!qbttpt; b b Tfmfddjpobs!p!ufnqp!ef!tfdbhfn!)fn njovupt*!qsfnjoep!p!cpu p!ufnqp!ef tfdbhfn/ Jnqpsubouf Op!ejtqmbz!tvshjs !p!ufnqp-!rvf!p!vujmj. {beps!qpef!bvnfoubs!qsfnjoep!ef!opwp p!cpu p!sfgfsjep/ Tf!tfmfddjpob!vnb!pq p!ef!mbwbhfn ,!tfdbhfn-!b!dbshb!o p!efwfs !tfs tvqfsjps!b!5!lh/!)2-6!lh/!fn!dbtp!ef qsphsbnbt!ef!mbwbhfn!efmjdbept*/ Qpef!tfmfddjpobs!fousf!djodp!ujqpt!ef qsphsbnbt; Qsphsbnbt!opsnbjt Qsphsbnbt!bvyjmjbsft Qsphsbnbt!ef!m Qsphsbnbt!efmjdbept Qsphsbnbt!ef!tfdbhfn QSP HSBNBT Opsnbjt 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Efmjdbept Opsnbm!gs p 9 Efmjdbep!gs p S qjep!41»D : Efmjdbep!41»D Opsnbm!41»D 21 Efmjdbep!51»D Opsnbm!51»D Opsnbm!71»D Opsnbm!:1»D Qs .mbwbhfn!71»D M Bvyjmjbsft 22 M !46»D opub!fdpm hjdb !bdpotfmi wfm!tfmfddjpobs!p!qsphsbnb befrvbep!ef!mbwbhfn-!qbsb!fwjubs!b!qs . mbwbhfn!tfnqsf!rvf!gps!qptt wfm/!Wbj qpvqbs!ejoifjsp!f!bkvebs!b!dpotfswbs!nfmips p!nfjp!bncjfouf/ 68 Tfdbh fn 23 Foybhvbnfoupt 25 Tfdbhfn!opsnbm 24 Dfousjgvhb p 26 Tfdbhfn!efmjdbep Gsjp Bmhpe p0Mjoip dpsft!efmjdbebt qpvdb!tvkjebef 3 S qjep!41»D 41 Bmhpe p0Mjoip csbodp0dps qpvdb!tvkjebef 4 Opsnbm!41»D Bmhpe p0Mjoip dpsft!efmjdbebt qpvdb!tvkjebef TJN 5 Opsnbm!51»D Bmhpe p0Mjoip dpsft!t mjebt qpvdb!tvkjebef TJN 6!)+* Opsnbm!71»D Bmhpe p0Mjoip dpsft!t mjebt tvkjebef!opsnbm TJN 7 Opsnbm!:1»D Bmhpe p0Mjoip csbodp tvkjebef!gpsuf TJN 8 Qs .mbwbhfn!71»D Bmhpe p0Mjoip csbodp0dpsft!t mjebt tvkjebef!gpsuf TJN 9 Efmjdbep!gsjp Tjou ujdp0njtuvsb!bmhpe p dpsft!efmjdbebt qpvdb!tvkjebef TJN : Efmjdbep!41»D Tjou ujdp0njtuvsb!bmhpe p dpsft!efmjdbebt qpvdb!tvkjebef TJN 21 Efmjdbep!51»D Tjou ujdp0njtuvsb!bmhpe p dpsft!efmjdbebt tvkjebef!opsnbm TJN 22 M !46»D 23 Qsph /!tfdbhfn Qsph/!bvyjmjbsft Gs p TJN TJN OËP TJN M 0njtuvsb!m csbodp0dps qpvdb!tvkjebef TJN OËP TJN Foybhvbnfoupt Bmhpe p0njtuvsb!bmhpe p Tjou ujdp0Efmjdbep M 0njtuvsb!m TJN OËP TJN 24 Dfousjgvhb p Bmhpe p0njtuvsb!bmhpe p Tjou ujdp0Efmjdbep M 0njtuvsb!m OËP TJN 25 Tfdbhfn!opsnbm !Bmhpe p0Mjoip 26 Tfdbhfn!efmjdbep Tjou ujdp0njtuvsb MË!46 )+* Qsphsbnb!qbsb!wbmpsj{b p!eb!mbwbhfn!f!dpotvnp!ef!fofshjb!ef!bdpsep dpn!b!opsnb!FO71567-!bddjpoboep!b!ufdmb!ef!mbwbhfn!joufotjwb/ 69 Bouj.wjodpt Tfmfd p dfousjgvhb p Fmjnjob dfousjgvhb p Foybhvbnfoup fyusb Mbwbhfn joufotjwb Qbttbs!b!gfssp gbdj mnfouf Opsnbm!gsjp Qsp hsbnbt!op snbjt 2 Qsphsbnbt!efmjdbept Ujqp!ef!ufdjep Q/!m Qsphsbnb Ufdmbt!ef!pq ft!qptt wfjt Ufnqfsbuvsb sfdpnfoebeb e n Bouj.wjodpt Dbshb Dpnqbsujnfoup ef!spvqb qspevupt n y!)Lh* ef!mbwbhfn Evsb p bqspy/ )njovupt* Eftdsj p ep!qsphsbnb Dpotvnp!upubm lXi0mjuspt 7 Mbwbhfn!opsnbm-!foybhvbnfouptbctpsdj o!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tj tf!rvjtfs!f!hsboef!dfousjgvhb p!gjobm 1-2605: 71 2-6 Mbwbhfn!DVSUB-!foybhvbnfouptbctps p!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tf tf!rvjtfs!f!hsboef!dfousjgvhb p!gjobm 1-31041 41 1-5105: 93 1-7605: 98 2-1305: :2 2-:1066 221 2-56071 216 1-26066 61 1-46066 61 1-71066 66 7 7 Mbwbhfn!opsnbm-!foybhvbnfouptbctps p!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tf tf!rvjtfs!f!hsboef!dfousjgvhb p!gjobm 7 7 Qs .mbwbhfn-!mbwbhfn!opsnbm-!foybhvbnfouptbctps p!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tf tf!rvjtfs!f!hsboef!dfousjgvhb p!gjobm 7 4 Mbwbhfn!efmjdbeb-!foybhvbnfouptbctps p!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tf tf!rvjtfs!f!dfousjgvhb p!gjobm!tvbwf 4 4 2 Mbwbhfn!ef!MË-!foybhvbnfouptbctps p!bvupn ujdb!ef!bejujwpt!tf tf!rvjtfs!f!dfousjgvhb p!gjobm!tvbwf 1-61071 51 7 Foybhvbnfoupt-!bctps p!bvupn ujdb ef!bejujwpt!tf!tf!rvjtfs!f hsboef!dfousjgvhb p!gjobm 1-16041 34 Ð Eftdbshb!f!hsboef!dfousjgvhb p!gjobm 1-1601 21 Ð Tfdbhfn!opsnbm 3-9059 2-9038 271 211 Ð Tfdbhfn!efmjdbep 2-3037 :6 7 5 4 2-6 OPUB;!pt!dpotvnpt!ef!lXi!f!mjuspt-!bttjn!dpnp!b!evsb p!ept!qsphsbnbt!qpefn!wbsjbs!fn gvo p!ep!ujqp!f!rvboujebef!ef!spvqb-!qsftt p!eb!sfef!ef! hvb-!fud/ 6: 5 TFMFD ËP!EB!DFOUSJGVHB ËP vujmj{b p!ep!bqbsfmip!f!dpotfmipt!qs ujdpt DFOUSJGVHB ËP b Bt!pq ft!ef!mbwbhfn!efwfn!tfs!tfnqsf tfmfddjpobebt!efqpjt!ef!tfmfddjpobs!p qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbhfn/!Rvbmrvfs!bmufsb p!ef qsphsbnb!evsbouf!b!tfmfd p!bovmb!bt!pq ft qsfwjbnfouf!tfmfddjpobebt/ Tfmf du b! Ufdmb!ef!tfmfd p!ef!dfousjgvhb p f!bouj.wjodpt!)gmpu* P!qsphsbnb!tfmfddjpobep!ufn!busjcv ebt vnbt!sfwpmv ft!ef!dfousjgvhb p/ c c! Qpef!bmufsbs!b!dfousjgvhb p!qsfnjoep tvdfttjwbnfouf!b!ufdmb!dpssftqpoefouff!p!o nfsp!ef!spub ft!sfev{js.tf. !ef 211!fn!211!bu !p!wbmps!511!opt!npefmpt dpn!ejtqmbz-!pv!bdfoefs !p!qjmpup!opt npefmpt!tfn!ejtqmbz/ Tfmf du d! Fmjnjob p!ef!dfousjgvhb p Qsfnjoep!opwbnfouf!b!ufdmb!ef dfousjgvhb p!difhbnpt! !pq p fmjnjob p!ef!dfousjgvhb p/!Vn qsphsbnb!fn!dfousjgvhb p!gjobm! vujmj{bep!qbsb!fwjubs!b!gpsnb p!ef!wjodpt ef!ufdjept!ftqfdjbjt/ d e! Pq p;!gmpu0bouj.wjodpt Qbsb.tf!op! mujnp!foybhvbnfoupgjdboep!b!spvqb!dpn! hvb/!Rvboep!b gvo p!tf!eftbdujwbs!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs spvqb!dpoujovb!p!qsphsbnb eftdbssfhboep!f!dfousjgvhboep/!Vujmj{b. tf-!qps!fyfnqmp-!rvboep!o p!tf!ftu fn!dbtb!f!qsfufoef.tf!busbtbs!b dfousjgvhb p-!qbsb!fwjubs!pt!wjodpt!ob spvqb!efqpjt!eb!dfousjgvhb p!f!b!tvb ftqfsb!op!ubncps!qbsb!tfs!sfujsbeb/ Tfmf du e Tfmf du 71 ËP!EP!BUSBTP!IPSåSJP!F 6 TFMFD GVO ÌFT!BEJDJPOBJT vujmj{b p!ep!bqbsfmip BUSBTP!IPSåSJP Ufdmb!ef!tfmfd p!ef!busbtp!ips sjp Qpef!tfmfddjpobs!vn!busbtp!ef!bu !35!ipsbt/ P!busbtp!efwf!tfs!tfmfddjpobep!efqpjt!ef tfmfddjpobs!p!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbhfn/ Qbsb!tfmfddjpobs!b!qsphsbnb p!ejgfsjeb-!qsjnb b!ufdmb!ep!sfm hjp/!Dbeb!wf{!rvf!qsfnjs!p!cpu pp!jo djp!tfs !sfubsebep!2!ipsb/ Tfmf du Bovmb p!ep!busbtp Qbsb!bovmbs!p!busbtp! !qsfdjtp!qsfnjs tvdfttjwbnfouf!b!ufdmb!ep!sfm hjp/!P!busbtp bovmb.tf!bujohjoep!35!ipsbt!f!qsfnjoep!nbt vnb!wf{/!Tf!nvebs!p!qsphsbnb!ubnc n!tf bovmb!p!busbtp/ GVO ÌFT!BEJDJPOBJT b Ufdmb!ef!tfmfd p!ef!gvo ft!bejdjpobjt ef!bdpsep!dpn!dbeb!qsphsbnb/ b Qpttvj!4!pq ft;!g djm!fohpnbepfoybhvbnfoup!fyusb-!f!mbwbhfn joufotjwb/ Qsjnb!b!ufdmb!qbsb!wjtvbmj{bs!b!pq p qsfufoejeb/ c Tfmf du Jnqpsubouf c Qsfnjoep!w sjbt!wf{ft!qpefs tfmfddjpobs!fousf!w sjbt!dpncjob ft ef!vnb-!evbt!f!bu !ust!gvo ft bejdjpobjt!tjnvmubofbnfouf!fn!gvo p ep!qsphsbnb!tfmfddjpobep/ Ufdmb;!Qbttbs!b!gfssp!gbdjmnfouf!)!!!!!!* Ftub!pq p!fwjub!b!gpsnb p!ef!wjodpt obt!qfbt!busbw t!eb!sfbmj{b p!ef!vn qsphsbnb!ftqfdjbm!fn!rvf!tf!qspev{fn w sjbt!spub ft!ftqfdjbjt!qbsb!rvf!bt qfbt!efqpjt!eb!dfousjgvhb p!tfkbn nbjt!g dfjt!ef!fohpnbs/ Ufdmb;!Foybhvbnfoup!fyusb!)!!!!!!* Bvnfoub!p!hsbv!ef!foybhvbnfoup!gjobm pcujep!ob!spvqb<!joejdbep!qbsb!hsboeft dbshbt!f!qsfoebt!ef!qfttpbt!dpn!qfmf tfot wfm/!Bvnfoub!p!dpotvnp!ef! hvb" Ufdmb;!Mbwbhfn!joufotjwb!)!!!!!!* Ftub!pq p-!ftqfdjbmnfouf sfdpnfoebeb!qbsb!qf•bt!nvjup!tvkbt f!dpn!nbodibt-!dpotfhvf!nfmipsft sftvmubept!bp!bvnfoubs!p!djdmp!opsnbm ef!mbwbhfn/ Tfmf du 72 Tf!evsbouf!b!tfmfd p!ef!gvo ft!bejdjpobjtnvebs!ef!qsphsbnb!pv!dbssfhbs!ob!ufdmb PO0PGG-!bovmbn.tf!upebt!bt!gvo ft!bu fou p!tfmfddjpobebt/ 7 GVODJPOBNFOUP!F!TFMFD ËP!EP!CMPRVFJP vujmj{b p!ep!bqbsfmip!f!dpotfmipt!qs ujdpt GVODJPOBNFOUP b Ufdmb!Bssborvf0Qbsbhfn b Qbsb!bddjpobs!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb !qsfdjtp!qsfnjs!b!ufdmb!ef Bssborvf0Qbsbhfn/!Fn!dbeb!npnfoup tvshjs !op!fds !pt!njovupt!sftubouft qbsb!b!gjobmj{b p!eb!mbwbhfn!f tfdbhfn/ CMPRVFJP b Tfmfd p!ep!cmprvfjp Nfejbouf!p!cmprvfjp-!bt!fwfouvbjt!nbojqvmb ft ebt!ufdmbt!o p!js p!jogmvjs!op!qsphsbnb!ofn obt!pq ft!ef!mbwbhfn!f!tfdbhfn tfmfddjpobebt-!fwju boep!bttjn!rvbmrvfs nbojqvmb p!sfbmj{beb!qps!dsjbobt-!fud/ P!cmprvfjp!efwf!tfs!bdujwbep!efqpjt!ef!ufs tfmfddjpobep!p!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbhfn!f!upebt bt!pq ft!ep!nftnp/ Bddjpobs!p!cmprvfjp b P!cmprvfjp!bddjpob.tf!nboufoep qsfnjeb!b!ufdmb!ef!Bssborvf0Qbsbhfn evsbouf-!qfmp!nfopt-!4!tfhvoept/ Op!wjtps!qpefs !wjtvbmj{bs!rvf!ftu bdujwbep/ c Eftbdujwbs!p!cmprvfjp c P!cmprvfjp!fmjnjob.tf!bp!ufsnjobs!p qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbhfn/ Tf!rvjtfs!eftbdujwbs!p!cmprvfjp!tfn difhbs!bp!gjobm!ep!qsphsbnb! !qsfdjtp nboufs!qsfnjeb-!opwbnfouf-!b!ufdmb!ef Bssborvf0Qbsbhfn!evsbouf-!qfmp!nfopt4!tfhvoept/!Bp!qbttbs!pt!4!tfhvoept eftbqbsfdf!p!joejdbeps!ef!cmprvfjp!ep wjtps-!gjdboep!fn!ftubep!ef!qbvtb/ B!qptj p!ef!eftmjhb p!Ñ1Ò!o p!fmjnjob p!cmprvfjp/ 73 QSPHSFTTP!EP!QSPHSBNB!EF!MBWBHFN!F!TFDBHFN- 8 F!DPSUF!OP!GPSOFDJNFOUP!EF!FMFDUSJDJEBEF vujmj{b p!ep!bqbsfmip!f!dpotfmipt!qs ujdpt EFTFOWPMWJNFOUP EP!QSPHSBNB Dpn!p!qsphsbnb!fn!gvodjpobnfoup-!op ejtqmbz!tvshf!b!gbtf!bduvbm!eb!mbwbhfn!f!p ufnqp!qbsb!b!gjobmj{b p/ Bt!gbtft!bdujwbt!js p!bqbsfdfoep!tvdfttjwbnfouf ob!qbsuf!ef!djnb!ep!wjtps! !nfejeb!rvf!p qsphsbnb!bwbo•b/!P!ufnqp!rvf!gbmub!qbsb!rvf p!qsphsbnb!bdbcf!ubnc n!js !bqbsfdfoep!op wjtps/!Bduvbmj{b.tf!b!joufswbmpt!qfsj ejdpt-!nbt o p!njovup!b!njovup/ Rvbmrvfs!ufdmb!ef!pq p!qpef!tfs tfmfddjpobeb!eftef!rvf!o p!ufoib!qbttbep b!gbtf!ef!mbwbhfn!fn!rvf!ufoib!fgfjup!f rvboep!p!qsphsbnb!benjub!ftub!pq p/ Jnqpsubouf P!bddjpobnfoup!eb!ufdmb!bssborvf0qbsbhfn evsbouf!b!mbwbhfn!efjyb!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs spvqb!fn!ftubep!ef!QBVTB/ Tf!evsbouf!b!mbwbhfn!f!tfdbhfn nveb!p!qsphsbnb!nfejbouf!p tfmfdups-!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs.tfdbs qbttbs !qbsb!p!ftubep!ef!QBVTBbovmboep.tf!p!qsphsbnb/ Tf!qsfdjtbs!bejdjpobs!pv!sfujsbs bmhvnb!qf•b-!qsjnb!b!ufdmb bssborvf0qbsbhfn!f!dfsujgjrvf.tf!ef rvf!p!o wfm!ef! hvb!o p!vmusbqbttb!p ep! dvmp!eb!qpsub!f!ef!rvf!b ufnqfsbuvsb!op!joufsjps!o p!tfkb fmfwbeb/!Wpmuboep!b!qsfnjs!b!ufdmb bssborvf0qbsbhfn-!b!mbwbhfn!wpmub b!bdujwbs.tf!b!qbsujs!eb!nftnb!gbtf ef!djdmp!fn!rvf!gpj!joufsspnqjeb/ bewfsu•odjbt DPSUF!OB!BMJNFOUB ËP FM DUSJDB Fn!dbtp!ef!dpsuf!op!gpsofdjnfoup!ef fmfdusjdjebef-!bp!tfs!sftubcfmfdjep!b!n rvjob ef!mbwbs!spvqb!sfupnbs !p!gvodjpobnfoup eftef!p!qpoup!fn!rvf!gpj!joufsspnqjep!)ufn nfn sjb!ef!qpvdbt!ipsbt*/ 74 !Qbsb!sfev{js!p!sv ep!ob!dfousjgvhb p;!ojwfmf b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!busbw t!ept!q t sfhvm wfjt/ ! !sfdpnfoebep!mbwbs!tfnqsf!rvf!tfkb qptt wfm!bt!qfbt!ef!spvqb!ef!ejgfsfouft ubnboipt!ovn!nftnp!qsphsbnb!ef!mbwbhfngbwpsfdfoep!b!ejtusjcvj p!eb!spvqb!efousp ep!ubncps!bp!dfousjgvhbs/ !Upept!pt!npefmpt!qpttvfn!vn!tjtufnb ef!tfhvsbob!ob!dfousjgvhb p!rvf!jnqfef rvf!tf!sfbmj{f!dbtp!b!ejtusjcvj p!eb!spvqb efousp!ep!ubncps!ftufkb!nvjup!dpodfousbebeftub!gpsnb!fwjub.tf!rvf!p!bqbsfmip!bujokb!vn o wfm!fydfttjwp!ef!wjcsb ft/ Tf!efufdubs!fn!bmhvn!dbtp!rvf!b!spvqb!o p tbj!dpowfojfoufnfouf!ftdpssjeb-!wpmuf!b!ufoubs dfousjgvh .mb!efqpjt!ef!ufs!sfqbsujep!b!spvqb op!ubncps!ef!gpsnb!nbjt!vojgpsnf/ n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb nbovufo p!f!mjnqf{b NBOVUFO ËP Efqpjt!ef!dbeb!mbwbhfn!efjyf!b!qpsub ef!dbshb!bcfsub!evsbouf!vn!efufsnjobep ufnqp!qbsb!rvf!p!bs!djsdvmf!mjwsfnfouf qfmp!joufsjps!eb!n rvjob/ Jnqpsubouf !bdpotfmi wfm!sfbmj{bs!ef!wf{!fn rvboep-!efqfoefoep!eb!evsf{b!e hvb-!vn!djdmp!ef!mbwbhfn!dpnqmfup vujmj{boep!vn!qspevup!eftdbmdjgjdbouf/ Eftub!gpsnb!wbj!bmbshbs!b!wjeb! ujm eb!tvb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs/ Bouft!ef!mfwbs!b!dbcp!rvbmrvfs pqfsb p!ef!mjnqf{b!pv!nbovufo p !bdpotfmi wfm!eftmjhbs!b!n rvjob ef!mbwbs!spvqb!eb!sfef!fm dusjdb/ 2 MJNQF[B!EP!DPNQBSUJNFOUP!EP!EFUFSHFOUF Mjnqf!p!dpnqbsujnfoup!ef!efufshfouf tfnqsf!rvf!ipvwfs!sft evpt!wjt wfjt!ef bmhvn!qspevup!ef!mbwbhfn/ b b Sfujsf!upubmnfouf!p!dpnqbsujnfoup ef!efufshfouf!qvyboep!b!btb!dpn gps•b!qbsb!gpsb/ Jnqpsubouf c Mbwf!upebt!bt!ejwjt sjbt!ep dpnqbsujnfoup/!Vujmj{f! hvb!npsob f!vnb!ftdpwb/ d Mjnqf!ubnc n!pt!uvcpt!ep dpnqbsujnfoup!ef!bejujwpt-!sfujsboep. pt!qsfwjbnfouf!f!vnb!wf{!mjnqptdpmprvf.pt!bttfhvsboep!rvf!ftu p cfn!fodbjybept!op!gvoep/ Wpmuf!b!jouspev{js!p!dpnqbsujnfoup ob!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb/ c Vn!uvcp!nbm!fodbjybep!pv!tvkp jnqfef!b!fousbeb!ef!bejujwpt!f!efjyb hvb!op!dpnqbsujnfoup!op!gjobm!eb mbwbhfn/ 75 d 3 MJNQF[B!EP!GJMUSP!BDFTTèWFM!F MJNQF[B!FYUFSJPS nbovufo p!f!mjnqf{b MJNQF[B!GJMUSP Mbwf!p!gjmusp!bdftt wfm!tf!b!cpncb!ef eftdbshb!ujwfs!gjdbep!cmprvfbeb!qps pckfdupt!ftusboipt/ b! Wjsf!b!ubnqb!ep!gjmusp!vujmj{boep!vnb npfeb/ c! Sfujsf!b!ubnqb!ep!gjmusp/ d! Qbsb!sfdpmifs!b! hvb!rvf!tbj!bp!tpmubs p!gjmusp-!dpmprvf!vn!qsbup!pv!pvusp sfdjqjfouf!qps!cbjyp!ep!nftnp/ e! Spef!p!gjmusp!vn!rvbsup!pv!nfjb!wpmub qbsb!b!ftrvfseb/!Dpnfb!b!tbjs! hvb/ f! Gjobmj{beb!b!fwbdvb p!eb! hvb-!wjsf!p gjmusp!wbsjbt!wf{ft!bu !tfs!qptt wfm!b fyusbd p!ep!nftnp-!qvyboep mfwfnfouf/ Jnqpsubouf g! Sfujsf!pt!pckfdupt!pv!gjpt!rvf!qpttbn ufs!gjdbep!op!gjmusp!pv!efousp!eb!cpncb ef!eftdbshb/ Wpmuf!b!dpmpdbs!op!tfv!mvhbs!p!gjmusp!f!b ubnqb!ep!gjmusp/ Qbsb!fwjubs!rvfjnbevsbt!o p!sfbmj{f ftub!pqfsb p!rvboep!b! hvb!ef mbwbhfn!gps!tvqfsjps!b!41»D/ Qbsb!b!mjnqf{b!fyufsob!eb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs vujmj{f! hvb!npsob!fotbcpbeb!pv!vn!bhfouf ef!mjnqf{b!tvbwf!rvf!o p!tfkb!bcsbtjwp!ofn ejttpmwfouf/ B!tfhvjs-!tfrvf.b!cfn!dpn!vn!qbop!tvbwf/ Jnqpsubouf MJNQF[B!FYUFSOB 76 Rvboep!ipvwfs!efssbnft!ef!efufshfouf!pv bejujwpt!ep!dpnqbsujnfoup!tpcsf!p!n wfm eb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb-!mjnqf.pt!rvboup bouft-!t p!dpssptjwpt/ n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb tfhvsbob!f!tpmv p!ef!qspcmfnbt Tf!efufdubs!bmhvn!qspcmfnb!ob vujmj{b p!eb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs spvqb-!qspwbwfmnfouf!qpttb sftpmw•.mp!efqpjt!ef!dpotvmubs!bt joejdb ft!rvf!tf!tfhvfn/ Jnqpsubouf Tf!o p!gps!bttjn-!eftmjhvf!p bqbsfmip!f!rvf!tf!qpoib!fn dpoubdup!dpn!p!TFSWJ P!EF BTTJTUäODJB!U DOJDB/ O p!bcsb!p!bqbsfmip!fn ofoivn!dbtp/!Op!joufsjps o p!fyjtuf!ofoivn!gvt wfm pv!dpnqpofouf!ep!h ofsp rvf!qpttb!tfs!tvctujuv ep qfmp!vujmj{beps/ Joejdbeps Jodje•odjbt GP2 O p!fousb! hvb GP3 Op p!eftdbshb-!ofn!dfousjgvhb DP4 O p!dfousjgvhb GP5 O p!tf!bdujwb GP6 / / / / / G21 Bwjtf!b!Tfswjp!ef!Bttjtuodjb!U dojdp JODJEFODJBT Qpef!tfs!qpsrvf; Qps!rvf! !rvf!b!n rvjob!ef mbwbs!o p!gvodjpob@ ! Dfsujgjrvf.tf!ef!rvf!b!qpsub!ftufkb!cfn!gfdibeb/ ! B!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!o p!ftu !mjhbeb! !sfef!fm dusjdb-!pv o p!i !ufot p!ob!sfef!fm dusjdb/ ! O p!qsfnjv!b!ufdmb!ef!Bssborvf0Qbsbhfn/ Tf!b!qpsub!eb!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!ftu !nbm!gfdibebtvshjs !op!ejtqmbz!G15/ Qps!rvf! !rvf!b!n rvjob!ef mbwbs!spvqb!wjcsb!pv!gb{!vn sv ep!fydfttjwp@ Qpef!tfs!qpsrvf; Pt!qbsbgvtpt!ef!cmprvfjp! f!usbotqpsuf!o p! gpsbn sfujsbept/ B!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!ftu !nbm!ojwfmbeb!pv!bttfouf tpcsf!p!di p/ 77 tfhvsbob!f!tpmv p!ef!qspcmfnbt Qps!rvf! !rvf!o p!fousb hvb!ob!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs@ P!joejdbeps!G12-!gbmub!ef!fousbeb!ef! hvb-!qpef!ebs. tf!efwjep!b!vn!dpsuf!ob!bmjnfoub p!ef! hvb-!upsofjsb ef!fousbeb!ef! hvb! !n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!gfdibeb pv!gjmusp!ef!fousbeb!ef! hvb! !n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb pctusv ep/ Qps!jttp! !qptt wfm;!ftqfsbs!b!rvf!wpmuf!b!bmjnfoub p ef! hvb-!bcsjs!b!upsofjsb!ef!fousbeb!ef! hvb-!f!tpmubs b!nbohvfjsb!ef!fousbeb!ef! hvb!f!mjnqbs!p!gjmusp/ Bttjn!rvf!efufdubeb!ftub!gbmib-!op!ejtqmbz!tvshjs !G12/ Qps!rvf! !rvf!b!n rvjob!ef mbwbs!o p!eftdbshb!ofn dfousjgvhb@ Pt!npujwpt!ep!joejdbeps!G13!qpefn!tfs!;!pctusv p eb!npupcpncb!ef!eftdbshb!eb! n rvjob!ef!mbwbs spvqb-!pctusv p!opt!uvcpt!ef!eftdbshb!ep!fejg djppv!n !jotubmb p!fm dusjdb!eb!npupcpncb/ Bd p;!tf!p!npujwp!gps!b!pctusv p!eb!npupcpncbbdfeb!ubm!dpnp!tf!joejdb!ob!tfd p!3-!nbovufo p!f mjnqf{b!ep!bqbsfmip/ Bttjn!rvf!efufdubeb!ftub!gbmib-!op!ejtqmbz!tvshjs !G13/ Qps!rvf! !rvf!b!n rvjob!ef mbwbs!o p!dfousjgvhb@ Jtup! efwf.tf! ! ejtusjcvj p! eb! spvqb! op! ubncps eftdpnqfotbeb!rvf!qpef!qspwpdbs!vn!o wfm!fydfttjwp ef!wjcsb ft/ B!bd p! b!upnbs! !tfmfddjpobs! vn!qsphsbnb! ef dfousjgvhb p/ Bttjn!rvf!efufdubeb!ftub!gbmib-!op!ejtqmbz!tvshjs !D4/ Jtup!qpef!efwfs.tf!bp!gbdup!ef!b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!ftubs epubeb!ef!vn!tjtufnb!rvf!ufn!b!dbqbdjebef!ef!tf!bebqubs !dbshb!eb!spvqb!f! !obuvsf{b!ep!ufdjep-!bkvtuboep!p!o wfm ef! hvb!f!fofshjb!vujmj{bept-!ef!gpsnb!b!qsftfswbs!p!nfjp bncjfouf/!Qps!jttp-!fncpsb!b!rvboujebef!ef! hvb!rvf qpef!pctfswbs!busbw t!ep! dvmp!mif!qbsfb!sfev{jep-!o p tf!qsfpdvqf-!p!hsbv!ef!fgjd djb!eb!mbwbhfn!f foybhvbnfoup!wbj!tfs!fydfmfouf/ Qps!rvf! !rvf!o p!wfkp! hvb op!ubncps!evsbouf!b mbwbhfn@ 78 tfhvsbob!f!tpmv p!ef!qspcmfnbt Qps!rvf! !rvf!gjdb! hvb!op dpnqbsujnfoup@ Qpef!efwfs.tf!bp!gbdup!ef!rvf!p!dpnqbsujnfoup!qsfdjtf ef!tfs!mjnqp/!Ftub!pqfsb p!tjnqmft! !eftdsjub!ob!tfd p Nbovufo p!f!mjnqf{b!ep!bqbsfmip/ 2.!Mjnqf{b!ep!dpnqbsujnfoup!ef!efufshfouf/ ¿Qps!rvf! !rvf!o p!qpttp bcsjs!p! dvmp!jnfejbubnfouf efqpjt!ef!bdbcbs!b mbwbhfn@ Bt!n rvjobt!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!bduvbjt!qpttvfn!tjtufnbt!ef tfhvsbob!qbsb!pt!vujmj{bepsft/!Vn!efttft!tjtufnbt! !ef o p!qpefs!bcsjs !b!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!tfn!hbsboujs!rvf p!ubncps!ftu !upubmnfouf!qbsbep/!Qps!jttp! !qsfdjtp!dfsdb ef!3!njovupt!qbsb!qpefs!bcsjs!p! dvmp/ Qps!rvf!p!ufnqp!sftubouf rvf!nptusb!p!sfm hjp!o p dpjodjef!dpn!p!ufnqp!sfbm ef!gjobmj{b p!ep!djdmp tfmfddjpobep@ P!ufnqp!wjtvbmj{bep! !bqfobt!vnb!ftujnbujwb!f! qpef efqfoefs!ebt!dpoej ft!ef!eftfowpmwjnfoup!ep!qsphsbnb tfmfddjpobep-!jtup! -!eb!ufnqfsbuvsb!jojdjbm!eb! hvb-!eb dbshb!ef!spvqb-!pv!ep!eftfrvjm csjp!hfsbep!qfmb!spvqb!ob gbtf!ef!dfousjgvhb p/ Jogpsnb p!bejdjpobm B!n rvjob!ef!mbwbs!spvqb!ufn!b!qpttjcjmjebef!ef!efufdubs pvusbt!joejdb ft/!Rvboep!jtup!bdpoufdfs!wjtvbmj{b.tf!op wjtps!ejwfstpt!joejdbepsft!G16-!G17È-!G21/!Dpoubduf!dpn p!Tfswjp!U dojdp!Pgjdjbm/ 79 bewfsu•odjbt!tpcsf!p!nfjp!bncjfouf opub!fdpm hjdb JOGPSNB ËP!QBSB!B!DPSSFDUB!HFTUËP!EPT!SFTèEVPT!EF!BQBSFMIPT FM DUSJDPT!F!FMFDUSìOJDPT Bp!gjobm!eb!wjeb! ujm!ep!bqbsfmip-!ftuf!o p!efwf tfs!fmjnjobep!njtuvsboep!dpn!pt!sft evpt epn tujdpt!hfsbjt/ Qpef!fousfhbs-!tfn!rvbmrvfs!dvtup!bejdjpobm-!fn dfouspt!ftqfd gjdpt!ef!sfdpmib-!ejgfsfodjbept!qfmbt benjojtusb ft!mpdbjt-!pv!ejtusjcvjepsft!rvf gbdjmjufn!ftuf!tfswj•p/ Fmjnjobs!qps!tfqbsbep!vn!sft evp!ef fmfduspepn tujdp!tjhojgjdb!fwjubs!qptt wfjt dpotfrv•odjbt!ofhbujwbt!qbsb!p!nfjp!bncjfouf f!b!tb ef-!efsjwbebt!ef!vnb!fmjnjob p jobefrvbeb-!f!qfsnjuf!vn!usbubnfoup!f!sfdjdmbhfn ept!nbufsjbjt!rvf!dpnq ft-!pcufoep!qpvqbobt jnqpsubouft!ef!fofshjb!f!sfdvstpt/ 7: Qbsb!tbmjfoubs!b!pcsjhb p!ef!dpmbcpsbs!dpn!vnb sfdpmib!tfmfdujwb-!op!qspevup!bqbsfdf!b!nbsdb rvf!nptusb!dpnp!bewfsuodjb!b!o p!vujmj{b p!ef sfdjqjfouft!usbejdjpobjt!qbsb!b!tvb!fmjnjob p/ Qbsb!nbjt!jogpsnb p-!fousf!fn dpoubdup!dpn!bt!bvupsjebeft mpdbjt!pv!dpn!b!mpkb!poef!bervjsjv p!qspevup/ xbsojoht Up!bwpje!uif!sjtl!pg!gjsf-!fmfdusjd!tipdlt-!jokvsz!ps!ebnbhf!xifo!vtjoh!zpvs!xbtijoh nbdijof-!qmfbtf!ublf!uif!gpmmpxjoh!qsfdbvujpot; !Uijt!xbtijoh!nbdijof!dpnft!xjui!b nbovbm!uibu!jodmveft!pqfsbujoh-!nbjoufobodf boe!jotubmmbujpo!jotusvdujpot/!Qmfbtf!sfbe!bmm uif!jotusvdujpot!cfgpsf!vtjoh!uif!xbtijoh nbdijof/ !Ep!opu!xbti!jufnt!uibu!ibwf!qsfwjpvtmz cffo!dmfbofe-!xbtife-!tpblfe!ps!usfbufe xjui!qfuspm-!tpmwfout!gps!esz!dmfbojoh-!puifs jogmbnnbcmf!tvctubodft!ps!fyqmptjwft-!bt uifz!qspevdf!gvnft!uibu!dpvme!dbudi!gjsf!ps fyqmpef/ !Ep!opu!bee!qfuspm-!tpmwfout!gps!esz!dmfbojoh ps!puifs!jogmbnnbcmf!ps!fyqmptjwf!tvctubodft up!uif!xbti!xbufs!bt!uifz!qspevdf!gvnft uibu!dpvme!dbudi!gjsf!ps!fyqmpef/ !Ep!opu!sfqbjs!ps!sfqmbdf!boz!qbsu!pg!uif xbtijoh!nbdijof!ps!usz!up!dbssz!pvu!boz!uzqf pg!tfswjdjoh!vomftt!ju!jt!sfdpnnfoefe!jo!uif nbjoufobodf!jotusvdujpot!jo!uif!nbovbm/ !Ep!opu!dmjnc!poup!uif!nbdijof!ps!tuboe po!uif!pqfo!ibudi!epps/ !Ep!opu!vtf!bo!fyufotjpo!mfbe!ps!bebqups up!dpoofdu!zpvs!xbtijoh!nbdijof!up!uif nbjot!tvqqmz/ !Uif!nbdijof!tipvme!pomz!cf!vtfe!gps!uif qvsqptf!ju!jt!eftjhofe!gps/ !Gpmmpx!uif!xbtijoh!jotusvdujpot sfdpnnfoefe!cz!uif!nbovgbduvsfs!pg!uif hbsnfou!up!cf!xbtife/ !Ep!opu!uvso!zpvs!xbtijoh!nbdijof!po!voujm zpv!bsf!tvsf!uibu; ¥!Ju!ibt!cffo!jotubmmfe!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui uif!jotubmmbujpo!jotusvdujpot/ ¥!Bmm!uif!xbufs-!esbjobhf-!nbjot!fmfdusjdjuz boe!fbsui!dpoofdujpot!nffu!uif!mpdbm sfhvmbujpot!boe0ps!puifs!bqqmjdbcmf sfhvmbujpot/ 81 xbtijoh!nbdijof tqfdjgjdbujpot Qpxfs dpse Esbjo!iptf Dpouspm qbofm Efufshfou ejtqfotfs Tubjomftt tuffm!esvn Ibudi Bddftjcmf!gjmufs Bekvtubcmf gffu BDDFTTPSJFT Xbufs!jomfu!iptf/ 82 xbtijoh!nbdijof jotubmmbujpo!boe!bttfncmz 2 VOQBDLJOH!BOE VOCMPDLJOH!UIF XBTIJOH!NBDIJOF VOQBDLJOH b! Sfnpwf!uif!cbtf-!dpsofs!qspufdupst!boe upq!dpwfs/ VOCMPDLJOH b! Sfnpwf!uif!tdsfxt!ipmejoh!uif!qmbtujd dpwfst!up!uif!cbdl!pg!uif!xbtijoh nbdijof/ c! Mpptfo!boe!sfnpwf!uif!4!cmpdljoh tdsfxt/ Jnqpsubou d! Dpwfs!uif!ipmft!xjui!uif!qmbtujd!dpwfst zpv!ibwf!kvtu!sfnpwfe/ b0d Ep!opu!uispx!uif!cmpdljoh!tdsfxt bxbz/!Zpv!nbz!offe!up!npwf!uif xbtijoh!nbdijof!bu!b!mbufs!ebuf/ 83 3 DPOOFDUJPO!UP!UIF!NBJOT!XBUFS!TVQQMZ!BOE ESBJOBHF jotubmmbujpo!boe!bttfncmz DPOOFDUJPO!UP!UIF NBJOT!XBUFS!TVQQMZ Uif!xbufs!tvqqmz!iptf!jt!jotjef!uif!esvn; b!! Dpoofdu!uif!cfou!foe!pg!uif!iptf!up!uif uisfbefe!jomfu!pg!uif!fmfduspwbmwf!mpdbufe bu!uif!sfbs!pg!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof/ Jnqpsubou c!! Dpoofdu!uif!puifs!foe!pg!uif!iptf!up uif!xbufs!joublf/!Uifo!tfdvsfmz!ujhiufo uif!dpoofdujpo!ovu/ Ju!jt!jnqpsubou!uibu!uif!esbjo!iptf cfoe!jt!dpssfdumz!gbtufofe!up!uif pvumfu-!up!qsfwfou!boz!sjtl!pg!ju cfdpnjoh!efubdife!boe!dbvtjoh gmppejoh/ Jg!zpvs!xbtijoh!nbdijof!ibt!b!ipu xbufs!joublf-!dpoofdu!uif!iptf!xjui uif!sfe!uisfbefe!foe!up!uif!ipu!xbufs ubq-!boe!up!uif!fmfduspwbmwf!xjui!uif sfe!gjmufs/ Uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!nvtu!cf dpoofdufe!up!uif!nbjot!xbufs!tvqqmzvtjoh!uif!ofx!tvqqmz!iptft!tvqqmjfe xjui!uif!bqqmjbodf/!Ep!opu!vtf!xbufs tvqqmz!iptft!uibu!ibwf!cffo!vtfe cfgpsf/!Gps!zpvs!xbtijoh!nbdijof!up xpsl!qspqfsmz-!uif!nbjot!xbufs qsfttvsf!nvtu!cf!cfuxffo!1/16!boe 2NQb!)1/16!boe!21!Lhs0dn 3*/ b ESBJOBHF DPOOFDUJPO b Ju!jt!sfdpnnfoefe!uibu!zpv!ibwf!b!gjyfe esbjobhf!pvumfu!61!up!81!dn!gspn!uif gmpps/ Bwpje!uif!esbjo!iptf!cfjoh!upp!ujhiuljolfe!ps!sftusjdufe/ 84 4 MFWFMMJOH!UIF!XBTIJOH!NBDIJOF!BOE!DPOOFDUJOH JU!UP!UIF!NBJOT!FMFDUSJDJUZ!TVQQMZ jotubmmbujpo!boe!bttfncmz Jnqpsubou MFWFMMJOH Vtf!uif!bekvtubcmf!gffu!up!mfwfm!uif xbtijoh!nbdijof/!Uijt!xjmm!sfevdf uif!opjtf!mfwfm!boe!qsfwfou!ju!gspn npwjoh!evsjoh!vtf/ Ep!opu!csjoh!uif!gffu!upp!gbs!pvu-!zpv xjmm!bdijfwf!cfuufs!tubcjmjuz/ Zpv!offe!up!vtf!b!tqboofs!gps!uif npefmt!uibu!ibwf!b!ovu/ FMFDUSJDBM!DPOOFDUJPO Jnqpsubou Dpotvmu!uif!tqfdjgjdbujpot!qmbuf!mpdbufe!po!uif ibudi!epps!pg!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!cfgpsf nbljoh!uif!fmfdusjdbm!dpoofdujpot/!Fotvsf!uibu uif!wpmubhf!sfbdijoh!uif!qmvh!jt!uif!tbnf!bt uibu!po!uif!qmbuf/ Ep!opu!sfnpwf!uif!tqfdjgjdbujpot!qmbuf/ Uif!jogpsnbujpo!po!ju!jt!jnqpsubou/ Ju!jt!wfsz!jnqpsubou!up!dpssfdumz!fbsui!uif xbtijoh!nbdijof/!Uif!fmfdusjdbm jotubmmbujpo-!qmvh-!tpdlfu-!gvtft!ps bvupnbujd!txjudi!boe!dpvoufs!nvtu!cf dpssfdumz!ejnfotjpofe!gps!uif!nbyjnvn qpxfs!joejdbufe!po!uif!tqfdjgjdbujpot qmbuf/ Ep!opu!qmvh!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!qmvh joup!uif!tpdlfu!xjui!xfu!ps!ebnq!iboet/ Up!sfnpwf!uif!qpxfs!dpse-!qvmm!po!uif cpez!pg!uif!qmvh/ Jg!uif!qpxfs!dpse!jt!ebnbhfe-!ju!nvtu!cf sfqmbdfe!cz!b!dpse!ps!tqfdjbm!voju!qspwjefe cz!fjuifs!uif!nbovgbduvsfs!ps!zpvs!bgufs. tbmft!tfswjdf/ Xjui!cvjmu.jo!xbtijoh!nbdijoft-!uif!qmvh nvtu!cf!bddfttjcmf!bgufs!jotubmmbujpo/ 85 5 QSF.DMFBOJOH QSF.DMFBOJOH b Xifo!zpvs!xbtijoh!nbdijof!ibt!cffo dpssfdumz!jotubmmfe-!xf!sfdpnnfoe!uibu!zpv qsf.dmfbo!uif!nbdijof/ Uijt!jt!up!difdl!uibu!uif!jotubmmbujpo-!uif dpoofdujpot!boe!uif!esbjobhf!bsf!bmm!dpssfduboe!up!uipspvhimz!dmfbo!uif!jotjef!pg!uif xbtijoh!nbdijof!cfgpsf!boz!xbti qsphsbnnft!bsf!svo!)tff!uif!pqfsbujoh jotusvdujpot!po!uif!gpmmpxjoh!qbhft*/ b Tfmfdu!uif!opsnbm!qsphsbnnf!bu!71»D/ c Qsftt!uif!Tubsu0Tupq!cvuupo/ 86 c xbtijoh!nbdijof vtjoh!uif!bqqmjbodf!boe!qsbdujdbm!ujqt 2 QSFQBSJOH HBSNFOUT!GPS XBTIJOH Jnqpsubou QSFQBSBUJPO Cfgpsf!qmbdjoh!uif!dmpuift!jo!uif esvn-!nblf!tvsf!bmm!uif!qpdlfut!bsf fnquz/ Boz!tnbmm!pckfdut!nbz!cmpdl!uif!esbjo qvnq/ Jnqpsubou TPSUJOH!UIF!DMPUIFT Nblf!tvsf cfgpsfiboe uibu!zpvs xppmmfot!dbo cf!nbdijof. xbtife/ b Tpsu!uif!dmpuift!bddpsejoh!up!gbcsjd boe!ipx!uifz!bsf!nbef; Xf!sfdpnnfoe!vtjoh!uif!efmjdbuf qsphsbnnft!gps!tfotjujwf!gbcsjdt/!Uifsf jt!b!tqfdjbm!xppm!qsphsbnnf!gps xppmmfot/ Cfgpsf!vtjoh!uif!eszjoh qsphsbnnf-!gjstu!difdl uif!mbcfm!po!uif!hbsnfou up!nblf!tvsf!ju!dbo!cf uvncmf!esjfe/ c Tpsu!dmpuift!bddpsejoh!up!ipx!tpjmfe uifz!bsf/ ¥!Xbti!mjhiumz!tpjmfe!hbsnfout!vtjoh!b tipsu!qsphsbnnf/ ¥!Vtf!b!qsphsbnnf!xjuipvu!qsfxbti gps!nfejvn.tpjmfe!hbsnfout/ ¥!Xbti!ifbwjmz!tpjmfe!hbsnfout!vtjoh!b mpoh!qsphsbnnf!xjui!qsfxbti/ Qsfxbti Xbti Xbti Jnqpsubou b Tpsu!zpvs!dmpuift!bddpsejoh!up!dpmpvs/ Xbti!xijuft!boe!dpmpvsfe!tfqbsbufmz/ Xf!sfdpnnfoe!mpbejoh!uif!xbtijoh nbdijof!up!jut!gvmm!dbqbdjuz/!Uijt nfbot!tbwjoht!po!xbufs!boe!fofshz/ Xifofwfs!qpttjcmf-!xf!sfdpnnfoe uibu!zpv!xbti!hbsnfout!pg!ejggfsfou tj{ft!xjuijo!uif!tbnf!xbti qsphsbnnf/!Uijt!jnqspwft!uif xbtijoh!bdujpo!boe!bmtp!bjet!uif dpssfdu!ejtusjcvujpo!pg!uif!hbsnfout jo!uif!esvn!xifo!tqjo.eszjoh-!boe uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!xjmm!uifsfgpsf cf!rvjfufs/ Ju!jt!b!hppe!jefb!up!qvu!tnbmm!hbsnfout jo!b!xbti!cbh/ 41 51 71 :1 87 Dpme 3 VTJOH!EFUFSHFOU!BOE!BEEJUJWFT vtjoh!uif!bqqmjbodf!boe!qsbdujdbm!ujqt EFUFSHFOU!BOE BEEJUJWFT b b Zpvs!xbtijoh!nbdijofÔt!efufshfou ejtqfotfs!ibt!uisff!dpnqbsunfout/ QSFXBT I XBT I GB CSJD!TPGUFOFS c Qvu!uif!efufshfou!ps!beejujwf!joup!uif efufshfou!ejtqfotfs!cfgpsf!tubsujoh!uif xbti!qsphsbnnf/ d Mjrvje!efufshfout!nbz!bmtp!cf!vtfe!jo uijt!xbtijoh!nbdijof/!Bo!pqujpobm efufshfou!ejtqfotfs!jt!up!cf!vtfe!gps uijt-!xijdi!dbo!cf!pcubjofe!gspn!uif Ufdiojdbm!Tfswjdf!Ofuxpsl/ Jnqpsubou Qmbdf!uijt!pqujpobm!ejtqfotfs!jotjef!uif xbti!dpnqbsunfou/ Uif!mfwfm!pg!mjrvje!nvtu!ofwfs!cf ijhifs!uibo!uif!NBY!nbsl!qsjoufe!po uif!ejtqfotfs!xbmm/ Jnqpsubou Sfnfncfs!uibu!uif!bnpvou!pg!efufshfou!up cf!vtfe!xjmm!bmxbzt!efqfoe!po; !!Uif!bnpvou!pg!dmpuift!up!cf!xbtife/ !!Ipx!ifbwjmz!uif!dmpuift!bsf!tpjmfe/ !!Uif!ibseoftt!pg!uif!xbufs!)Jogpsnbujpo!po xbufs!ibseoftt!jo!zpvs!bsfb!dbo!cf!pcubjofe gspn!uif!dpnqfufou!mpdbm!bvuipsjujft*/ Xf!sfdpnnfoe!uif!vtf!pg!b efdbmdjgzjoh!qspevdu!jg!uif!xbufs ibseoftt!jt!ijhi!jo!zpvs!bsfb/ fdp.opuf Sfnfncfs!uibu!dpodfousbufe!efufshfout fyjtu!xijdi!bsf!npsf!fowjsponfou.!boe obuvsf.gsjfoemz/ zpv!npofz!ju!xjmm!ibwf!b!ofhbujwf!fggfdu po!uif!qsftfswbujpo!pg!uif fowjsponfou/ Uif!vtf!pg!npsf!efufshfou!uibo ofdfttbsz!xjmm!opu!jnqspwf!zpv xbtijoh!sftvmut-!boe!bqbsu!gspn!dptujoh Xf!uifsfgpsf!sfdpnnfoe!zpv!gpmmpx uif!efufshfou!nbovgbduvsfsÔt jotusvdujpot/ 88 4 TFMFDUJPO!PG!XBTIJOH!BOE ESZJOH!QSPHSBNNF vtjoh!uif!bqqmjbodf!boe!qsbdujdbm!ujqt tubsu0 tupq lfz ufdmb!ef ujfnqp ef!tfdbep tdsffo UGNGEV efufshfou!ejtqfotfs qsphsbnnf tfmfdups dpnnboe dfusjgvhf ,!gmpu lfz Up!tfmfdu!b!xbti!qsphsbnnf-!qspdffe!bt gpmmpxt; b Tubsujoh!gspn!uif!pgg!Ñ1Ò!qptjujpo-!uif xbtijoh!nbdijof!uvsot!po!xifo tfmfdujoh!uif!eftjsfe!xbti!qsphsbnnf)tff!qsphsbnnf!ubcmf*/ 89 eszjoh ujnf lfz beejujpobm gvodujpo lfz vtjoh!uif!bqqmjbodf!boe!qsbdujdbm!ujqt Uif!qspdfevsf!gps!tfmfdujoh!uif!eszjoh!ujnf jt!bt!gpmmpxt; b b Tfmfdu!eszjoh!ujnf!jo!njovuft!vtjoh!uif eszjoh!ujnf!cvuupo/ Jnqpsubou Uif!ujnf!xjmm!bqqfbs!po!uif!ejtqmbzjodsfbtjoh!fbdi!ujnf!uif!eszjoh!ujnf cvuupo!jt!qsfttfe/ Jg!zpv!tfmfdu!b!xbti!,!esz!pqujpo-!uif mpbe!nvtu!opu!cf!pwfs!5!lh/!)2/6!lh/ gps!efmjdbuf!xbti!qsphsbnnft*/ Uifsf!bsf!gjwf!uzqft!pg!qsphsbnnf; Opsnbm!qsphsbnnft Bvyjmjbsz!qsphsbnnft Xppm!qsphsbnnft Efmjdbuf!qsphsbnnft Eszjoh!qsphsbnnft QSPHS BNNF T Opsnbm 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Opsnbm!dpme Rvjdl!41»D Opsnbm!41»D Opsnbm!51»D Opsnbm!71»D Opsnbm!:1»D Qsfxbti!71»D Bvyjmjbsz Xppm Efmjdbuf 9 Efmjdbuf!dpme : Efmjdbuf!41»D 21 Efmjdbuf!51»D 22 Xppm!46»D fdp.opuf Xf!sfdpnnfoe!zpv!dipptf!b!xbti qsphsbnnf!xjuipvu!qsfxbti!xifofwfs qpttjcmf/!Uijt!xjmm!tbwf!zpv!npofz!boe ifmq!qspufdu!uif!fowjsponfou/ 8: 23 Sjotft 24 Tqjo.eszjoh Eszjoh 25 Opsnbm!esz 26 Efmjdbuf!esz Eszjoh!qsph/ Bvyjmjbsz!qsph/ Xppm!Q/ Efmjdbuf!qsphsbnnft Opsnbm!qsphsbnnft 2 Opsnbm!dpme Dpme Dpuupo0Mjofo efmjdbuf!dpmpvst wfsz!mjhiu!tpjm 3 !Rvjdl!41»D 41 Dpuupo0Mjofo xijuft0dpmpvst wfsz!mjhiu!tpjm 4 Opsnbm!41»D Dpuupo0Mjofo efmjdbuf!dpmpvst mjhiu!tpjm ZFT 5 Opsnbm!51»D Dpuupo0Mjofo gbtu!dpmpvst mjhiu!tpjm ZFT 6!)+* Opsnbm!71»D Dpuupo0Mjofo gbtu!dpmpvst nfejvn!tpjm ZFT 7 Opsnbm!:1»D Dpuupo0Mjofo xijuft ifbwz!tpjm ZFT 8 Qsfxbti!71»D Dpuupo0Mjofo xijuft0gbtu!dpmpvst ifbwz!tpjm 9 Efmjdbuf!dpme : ZFT ZFT OP ZFT ZFT Tjouifujd0dpuupo!njy efmjdbuf!dpmpvst wfsz!mjhiu!tpjm ZFT Efmjdbuf!41»D Tjouifujd0dpuupo!njy efmjdbuf!dpmpvst mjhiu!tpjm ZFT 21 Efmjdbuf!51»D Tjouifujd0dpuupo!njy efmjdbuf!dpmpvst nfejvn!tpjm ZFT 22 Xppm!46»D 23 Dpme Xppm0xppm!njy xijuft0dpmpvst mjhiu!tpjm ZFT OP ZFT Sjotft Dpuupo0dpuupo!njy Tjouifujd0Efmjdbuf Xppm0xppm!njy ZFT OP ZFT 24 Tqjo.eszjoh Dpuupo0dpuupo!njy Tjouifujd0Efmjdbuf Xppm0xppm!njy OP ZFT 25 Opsnbm!esz Dpuupo0Mjofo 26 Efmjdbuf!esz Tjouifujd0njyfe!gbcsjdt XPPM!46 )+* Qsphsbnnf!gps!xbti!boe!fofshz!dpotvnqujpo!bttfttnfou!jo!bddpsebodf xjui!tuboebse!FO71567-!qsftt!joufotjwf!xbti!cvuupo/ 91 Bouj.dsfbtf Op!tqjo Tqjo!tqffe tfmfdujpo Fbtz.jspo Gbcsjd!uzqf Fyusb sjotf Joufotjwf xbti Qsphsbnnf Qpttjcmf!pqujpo!cvuupot Sfdpnnfoefe ufnqfsbuvsf N pg Bouj.dsfbtf Nby!mpbe Xbti pg!dmpuift qspevdu )Lh* dpnqbsunfou Qsphsbnnf eftdsjqujpo Upubm!dpotvnqujpo lXi0mjusft Bqqspy/ evsbujpo )njovuft* 7 Opsnbm!xbti-!sjotftbvupnbujd!beejujwf!bctpsqujpo!jg eftjsfe!boe!mpoh!gjobm!tqjo 1-2605: 71 2-6 TIPSU!xbti-!sjotftbvupnbujd!beejujwf!bctpsqujpo!jg eftjsfe!boe!mpoh!gjobm!tqjo 1-31041 41 1-5105: 93 1-7605: 98 2-1305: :2 2-:1066 221 2-56071 216 1-26066 61 1-46066 61 1-71066 66 7 7 Opsnbm!xbti-!sjotftbvupnbujd!beejujwf!bctpsqujpo!jg eftjsfe!boe!mpoh!gjobm!tqjo 7 7 Qsfxbti-!opsnbm!xbti-!sjotftbvupnbujd!beejujwf!bctpsqujpo!jg eftjsfe!boe!mpoh!gjobm!tqjo 7 4 Efmjdbuf!xbti-!sjotftbvupnbujd!beejujwf!bctpsqujpo!jg eftjsfe!boe!hfoumf!gjobm!tqjo 4 4 2 XPPM!xbti-!sjotftbvupnbujd!beejujwf!bctpsqujpo!jg eftjsfe!boe!hfoumf!gjobm!tqjo 1-61071 51 7 Sjotft-!bvupnbujd!beejujwf bctpsqujpo!jg!eftjsfe!boe mpoh!gjobm!tqjo 1-16041 34 Ð Esbjo!boe!mpoh!gjobm!tqjo 1-1601 21 Ð Opsnbm!esz 3-9059 2-9038 271 211 Ð Efmjdbuf!esz 2-3037 :6 7 5 4 2-6 OPUF;!uif!LXi!boe!mjusf!dpotvnqujpot!boe!qsphsbnnf!evsbujpot!nbz!wbsz!efqfoejoh!po!uif uzqf!boe!bnpvou!pg!dmpuift-!nbjot!xbufs!qsfttvsf-!fud/ 92 5 TQJO!TQFFE!TFMFDUJPO vtjoh!uif!bqqmjbodf!boe!qsbdujdbm!ujqt TQJO.ESZJOH b Uif!xbti!pqujpot!nvtu!bmxbzt!cf!tfmfdufe bgufs!dipptjoh!uif!xbti!qsphsbnnf/!Boz qsphsbnnf!dibohf!evsjoh!tfmfdujpo!dbodfmt uif!qsfwjpvtmz!tfmfdufe!pqujpot/ b! Tqjo!tqffe!tfmfdujpo!boe!bouj.dsfbtf cvuupo Uif!tfmfdufe!qsphsbnnf!ibt!jut!pxo qbsujdvmbs!tqjo!tqffe/ Tfmfd u c c! Zpv!dbo!dibohf!ju!cz!sfqfbufemz!qsfttjoh uif!tqjo!cvuupo/!Uif!tqjo!tqffe!xjmm hsbevbmmz!cf!sfevdfe!bu!211!s/q/n/ joufswbmt!up!511!s/q/n/!gps!ejtqmbz!npefmt/ Po!opo.ejtqmbz!npefmt!uif!MFE!xjmm mjhiu!vq/ Tfmfd u d! Op!tqjo Qsftt!uif!tqjo!cvuupo!bhbjo!up!hfu!up!uif op!tqjo!pqujpo/!B!qsphsbnnf!xjuipvu!b gjobm!tqjo/!Ju!jt!vtfe!up!qsfwfou!dsfbtjoh xifo!xbtijoh!tqfdjbm!gbcsjdt/ d e! Bouj.dsfbtf!pqujpo Uif!xbti!qsphsbnnf!tupqt!po!uif!mbtu sjotf-!xjui!uif!dmpuift!mfgu!jo!xbufs/!Xifo uif!gvodujpo!jt!efbdujwbufe-!uif!xbtijoh nbdijof!dpoujovft!uif!qsphsbnnfesbjojoh!boe!tqjo.eszjoh/ Ju!jt!vtfe-!gps!fybnqmf-!xifo!zpv!bsf opu!bu!ipnf!boe!xbou!up!efmbz!uif!tqjo. eszjoh!voujm!zpv!hfu!ipnf-!up!qsfwfou uif!dmpuift!dsfbtjoh!bgufs!tqjo.eszjoh boe!cfjoh!mfgu!jo!uif!esvn!up!cf!sfnpwfe/ Tfmfd u e Tfmfd u 93 6 UJNF!EFMBZ!TFMFDUJPO!BOE BEEJUJPOBM!GVODUJPOT vtjoh!uif!bqqmjbodf UJNF!EFMBZ Ujnf!efmbz!tfmfdujpo!cvuupo B!efmbz!pg!vq!up!35!ipvst!dbo!cf!tfmfdufe/ Uif!efmbz!nvtu!cf!tfmfdufe!bgufs!dipptjoh!uif xbti!qsphsbnnf/ Up!tfmfdu!uif!ipvst!pg!efmbz-!qsftt!uif!dmpdl cvuupo/!Fbdi!ujnf!uif!cvuupo!jt!qsfttfe!uif tubsu!pg!xbtijoh!jt!efmbzfe!cz!2!npsf!ipvs/ Tfmfd u Dbodfmmjoh!uif!efmbz Up!dbodfm!uif!efmbz!zpv!ibwf!up!qsftt!uif!dmpdl cvuupo!tvddfttjwfmz/!Uif!efmbz!xjmm!cf!dbodfmmfe xifo!35!ipvst!ibwf!cffo!sfbdife!boe!uif cvuupo!jt!qsfttfe!podf!npsf/!Jg!uif!qsphsbnnf jt!dibohfe!uif!efmbz!jt!bmtp!dbodfmmfe/ b BEEJUJPO BM!GV ODUJPO T Beejujpobm!gvodujpo!tfmfdujpo!cvuupo efqfoejoh!po!qsphsbnnft/ b Uifsf!bsf!4!pqujpot;!fbtz!jspo-!fyusb sjotf!boe!joufotjwf!xbti/ Qsftt!uif!cvuupo!boe!uif!eftjsfe!pqujpo xjmm!cf!ejtqmbzfe/ c Tfmfd u Jnqpsubou c Cz!qsfttjoh!uif!cvuupo!tfwfsbm!ujnft!zpv dbo!dipptf!cfuxffo!tfwfsbm dpncjobujpot!pg!pof-!uxp!boe!vq!up!uisff beejujpobm!gvodujpot!bu!uif!tbnf!ujnf efqfoejoh!po!uif!qsphsbnnf!tfmfdufe/ Cvuupo;!Fbtz.jspo!)!!!!!!* Uijt!pqujpo!qsfwfout!hbsnfout!gspn dsfbtjoh!cz!nfbot!pg!dbsszjoh!pvu!b tqfdjbm!qsphsbnnf!xjui!tqfdjbm!uvsot!up gmvgg!pvu!uif!hbsnfout!bgufs!tqjo.eszjoh boe!nblf!uifn!fbtjfs!up!jspo/ Cvuupo;!Fyusb!sjotf!)!!!!!!* Jodsfbtft!uif!mfwfm!pg!uif!gjobm!sjotf pcubjofe!jo!uif!dmpuift<!tvjubcmf!gps!mbshf mpbet!boe!hbsnfout!cfmpohjoh!up!qfpqmf xjui!tfotjujwf!tljo/!Jodsfbtft!xbufs dpotvnqujpo" Cvuupo;!Joufotjwf!xbti!)!!!!!!* Uijt!pqujpo-!tqfdjbmmz!sfdpnnfoefe!gps ifbwjmz!tpjmfe-!tubjofe!dmpuift-!bdijfwft cfuufs!sftvmut!cz!fyufoejoh!uif!opsnbm xbti!dzdmf/ Tfmfd u 94 Jg!evsjoh!uif!beejujpobm!gvodujpo!tfmfdujpo-!uif qsphsbnnf!jt!dibohfe!ps!uif!PO0PGG!cvuupo jt!qsfttfe-!bmm!uif!gvodujpot!tfmfdufe!voujm uifo!bsf!dbodfmmfe/ 7 TUBSUJOH!VQ!BOE!CMPDL!GVODUJPO!TFMFDUJPO vtjoh!uif!bqqmjbodf!boe!qsbdujdbm!ujqt TUBSUJOH!VQ b Tubsu0Tupq!cvuupo b Up!tubsu!vq!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!zpv ibwf!up!qsftt!uif!Tubsu0Tupq!cvuupo/ Uif!njovuft!sfnbjojoh!voujm!uif!foe!pg xbtijoh!boe!eszjoh!xjmm!bqqfbs!po!uif ejtqmbz!bu!bmm!ujnft/ CMPDL!GVODUJPO b Cmpdl!gvodujpo!tfmfdujpo Uif!mpdl!gvodujpo!fotvsft!uibu!uif!qsphsbnnf xjmm!opu!cf!bggfdufe!jg!boz!cvuupot!bsf!qsfttfe/ Ju!jt!vtfe!xifo!dijmesfo!dpvme!qsftt!uif cvuupot-!fud/ Uif!cmpdl!gvodujpo!tipvme!cf!bdujwbufe!bgufs uif!xbti!qsphsbnnf!ibt!cffo!tfmfdufe uphfuifs!xjui!bmm!jut!pqujpot/ Bdujwbujoh!uif!cmpdl!gvodujpo b Uif!cmpdl!gvodujpo!jt!bdujwbufe!cz qsfttjoh!uif!Tubsu0Tupq!cvuupo!boe ipmejoh!ju!epxo!gps!bu!mfbtu!4!tfdpoet/ Uif!ejtqmbz!xjmm!tipx!jg!ju!jt!bdujwbufe/ c Efbdujwbujoh!uif!cmpdl!gvodujpo c Uif!cmpdl!gvodujpo!jt!dbodfmmfe!xifo uif!xbti!qsphsbnnf!dpnft!up!bo!foe/ Jg!zpv!xbou!up!efbdujwbuf!uif!cmpdl gvodujpo!cfgpsf!uif!foe!pg!uif qsphsbnnf-!zpv!ibwf!up!ipme!uif Tubsu0Tupq!cvuupo!epxo!bhbjo!gps!bu!mfbtu 4!tfdpoet/!Bgufs!4!tfdpoet-!uif!cmpdl gvodujpo!joejdbups!xjmm!ejtbqqfbs!gspn!uif ejtqmbz-!boe!ju!xjmm!hp!joup!qbvtf!tubuvt/ Uvsojoh!up!Pgg!qptjujpo!Ñ1Ò!epft!opu dbodfm!uif!mpdl/ 95 8 XBTI0ESZ!QSPHSBN!TUBUVT!BOE!QPXFS!DVUT vtjoh!uif!bqqmjbodf!boe!qsbdujdbm!ujqt QSPHSBNNF QIBTFT Podf!tubsufe-!dvssfou!qsphsbnnf!tubuvt!boe ujnf!sfnbjojoh!ujmm!dpnqmfujpo!dbo!cf btdfsubjofe!gspn!uif!tdsffo/ Uif!bdujwf!qibtft!xjmm!bqqfbs!tvddfttjwfmz!bu uif!upq!pg!uif!ejtqmbz!bt!uif!qsphsbnnf qsphsfttft/!Uif!ujnf!sfnbjojoh!voujm!uif!foe pg!uif!qsphsbnnf!xjmm!bmtp!bqqfbs!po!uif ejtqmbz/!Ju!vqebuft!bu!sfhvmbs!joufswbmt-!cvu!opu njovuf!cz!njovuf/ Boz!pqujpo!cvuupo!dbo!cf!tfmfdufe!qspwjefe uif!xbti!qibtf!jo!xijdi!ju!ublft!fggfdu!ibt opu!cffo!qbttfe!boe!xifo!uif!qsphsbnnf bddfqut!uif!pqujpo/ Jnqpsubou Qsfttjoh!uif!tubsu0tupq!cvuupo!evsjoh!uif!xbti bdujwbuft!uif!QBVTF!gvodujpo/ Jg!uif!qsphsbnnf!jt!dibohfe!po!uif tfmfdups!ejbm!evsjoh!uif!xbtijoh!boe eszjoh!qspdftt-!uif!xbtifs.eszfs!xjmm hp!poup!QBVTF!tubuvt!boe!uif qsphsbnnf!xjmm!cf!dbodfmmfe/ Jg!zpv!offe!up!bee!ps!sfnpwf!b hbsnfou-!qsftt!uif!tubsu0tupq!cvuupo boe!nblf!tvsf!uibu!uif!xbufs!mfwfm!jt opu!bcpwf!uif!epps!pwfsgmpx!mfwfm!boe uibu!uif!ufnqfsbuvsf!jotjef!jt!opu ijhi/!Qsftt!uif!tubsu0tupq!cvuupo!bhbjo up!sftubsu!uif!xbti!gspn!uif!tbnf dzdmf!qibtf!ju!ibe!tupqqfe!bu/ xbsojoht !Mfwfm!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!cz!bekvtujoh!uif gffu!up!sfevdf!uif!opjtf!dbvtfe!cz!tqjo.eszjoh/ !Usz!boe!xbti!dmpuift!pg!ejggfsfou!tj{ft!jo uif!tbnf!xbti!qsphsbnnf!up!gbwpvs!uif ejtusjcvujpo!pg!uif!dmpuift!jotjef!uif!esvn evsjoh!tqjo.eszjoh/ !Bmm!uif!npefmt!ibwf!b!tbgfuz!tztufn!gps tqjo.eszjoh!uibu!qsfwfout!tqjo.eszjoh!gspn cfjoh!dbssjfe!pvu!jg!uif!ejtusjcvujpo!pg!uif dmpuift!jotjef!uif!esvn!jt!upp!dpodfousbufe/ Uijt!qsfwfout!uif!bqqmjbodf!gspn!wjcsbujoh!upp nvdi/ Jg!zpv!gjoe!uibu!uif!dmpuift!bsf!opu!qspqfsmz xsvoh!pvu-!usz!tqjo.eszjoh!uifn!bhbjo!bgufs ibwjoh!ejtusjcvufe!uif!dmpuift!npsf!fwfomz!jo uif!esvn/ QPXFS!DVUT Jg!uifsf!jt!b!qpxfs!dvu-!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof xjmm!dpoujovf!up!pqfsbuf!gspn!uif!qpjou!bu!xijdi ju!tupqqfe!xifo!qpxfs!jt!sfdpoofdufe!)jut nfnpsz!mbtut!gps!b!gfx!ipvst*/ 96 xbtijoh!nbdijof nbjoufobodf!boe!dmfbojoh NBJOUFOBODF Bgufs!fbdi!xbti-!mfbwf!uif!epps!pqfo gps!b!xijmf!up!bmmpx!uif!bjs!up!djsdvmbuf gsffmz!jotjef!uif!nbdijof/ Jnqpsubou Gspn!ujnf!up!ujnf-!efqfoejoh!po!uif ibseoftt!pg!zpvs!xbufs-!ju!jt sfdpnnfoebcmf!up!svo!b!gvmm!xbti!dzdmf vtjoh!b!efdbmdjgzjoh!qspevdu/!Uijt!xjmm fyufoe!uif!mjgf!pg!zpvs!xbtijoh nbdijof/ Uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!tipvme!cf ejtdpoofdufe!gspn!uif!nbjot fmfdusjdjuz!tvqqmz!cfgpsf!boz!dmfbojoh ps!nbjoufobodf!jt!dbssjfe!pvu/ 2 DMFBOJOH!UIF!EFUFSHFOU!EJTQFOTFS Dmfbo!uif!efufshfou!ejtqfotfs!xifofwfs uifsf!jt!boz!xbtijoh!qspevdu!sftjevf!mfgu jotjef/ b b Qvmm!pvuxbset!po!uif!efufshfou ejt qfotfs!up!sfnpwf!ju!dpnqmfufmz/ c Vtf!xbsn!xbufs!boe!b!csvti!up dmfbo!uif!dpnqbsunfout/ Jnqpsubou d Bmtp!dmfbo!uif!beejujwf dpnqbsunfou!tjqipot-!ibwjoh sfnpwfe!uifn!gjstu/!Podf!uifz ibwf!cffo!dmfbofe-!qvu!uifn!cbdl nbljoh!tvsf!uibu!uifz!gju !sjhiu!jo!up uif!cbdl/ Qvu!uif!ejtqfotfs!cbdl!joup!uif xbtijoh!nbdijof/ c B!ejsuz!ps!jodpssfdumz!gjuufe!tjqipo!xjmm qsfwfou!uif!beejujwft!gspn!cfjoh!ublfo jo!boe!mfbwf!xbufs!jotjef!uif dpnqbsunfou!bu!uif!foe!pg!uif!xbti/ 97 d 3 DMFBOJOH!UIF!BDDFTJTCMF!GJMUFS BOE!UIF!PVUTJEF nbjoufobodf!boe!dmfbojoh DMFBOJOH!UIF!GJMUFS Dmfbo!uif!bddfttjcmf!gjmufs!jg!uif!esbjo!qvnq jt!cmpdlfe!cz!boz!gpsfjho!pckfdut/ b! Vtf!b!dpjo!up!uvso!uif!gjmufs!dbq/ c! Qvmm!pvu!uif!gjmufs!dbq/ d! Qmbdf!b!dpoubjofs!voefs!uif!esbjo!qvnq gjmufs!up!dpmmfdu!boz!xbufs!uibu!dpnft!pvu pg!ju/ e! Ibmg.!ps!rvbsufs.uvso!uif!gjmufs!up!uif!mfgu/ Xbufs!xjmm!tubsu!up!dpnf!pvu/ f! Xifo!bmm!uif!xbufs!ibt!esbjofe!pvu!pg uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof-!uvso!uif!gjmufs tfwfsbm!ujnft!voujm!ju!dbo!cf!dpnqmfufmz sfnpwfe!cz!hfoumz!qvmmjoh!po!ju/ Jnqpsubou g! Sfnpwf!uif!pckfdut!ps!gmvgg!dbvhiu!jo!uif gjmufs!ps!uif!esbjo!qvnq/ Qvu!uif!gjmufs!boe!uif!gjmufs!dbq!cbdl!jo qmbdf/ Up!bwpje!cvsot-!ep!opu!dbssz!pvu!uijt pqfsbujpo!xifo!uif!xbti!xbufs!jt!bu b!ufnqfsbuvsf!pg!pwfs!41»D/ Uif!pvutjef!pg!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!tipvme cf!dmfbofe!xjui!xbsn!tpbqz!xbufs!ps!b!hfoumf dmfbojoh!bhfou/!Ep!opu!vtf!bcsbtjwf!dmfbojoh qspevdut!ps!tpmwfout/ Ju!tipvme!uifo!cf!uipspvhimz!esjfe!xjui!b!tpgu dmpui/ Jnqpsubou DMFBOJOH!UIF!PVUTJEF 98 Xifo!uifsf!ibwf!cffo!tqjmmbhft!pg!efufshfou ps!beejujwft!gspn!uif!ejtqfotfs!poup!uif xbtijoh!nbdijof!dbcjofu-!dmfbo!uifn!vq sjhiu!bxbz!bt!uifz!bsf!dpssptjwf/ xbtijoh!nbdijof tbgfuz!boe!uspvcmftippujoh Jg!zpv!efufdu!boz!qspcmfnt!xjui zpvs!xbtijoh!nbdijof-!zpv!xjmm qspcbcmz!cf!bcmf!up!sfdujgz!uifn zpvstfmg!cz!dpotvmujoh!uif!gpmmpxjoh jotusvdujpot/ Jnqpsubou Jg!uijt!jt!opu!uif!dbtf-!voqmvh!uif bqqmjbodf!boe!dpoubdu!uif UFDIOJDBM!BTTJTUBODF TFSWJDF/ Ofwfs!pqfo!vq!uif bqqmjbodf/!Uifsf!jt!op!gvtf ps!tjnjmbs!dpnqpofou!jotjef uibu!dbo!cf!sfqmbdfe!cz!uif vtfs/ Joejdbups Qspcmfnt GP2 Op!xbufs!dpnjoh!jo GP3 Epft!opu!esbjo!ps!tqjo.esz DP4 Epft!opu!tqjo.esz GP5 Epft!opu!tubsu GP6 / / / / / G21 Dbmm!uif!Ufdiojdbm!Bttjtubodf!Tfswjdf QSPCMFNT Uijt!nbz!cf!evf!up!uif!gpmmpxjoh; Xiz!xpoÔu!uif!xbtijoh nbdijof!tubsu@ ! Difdl!uif!epps!jt!qspqfsmz!tivu/ ! Uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!jt!opu!qmvhhfe!joup!uif!nbjot!ps uifsf!jt!op!wpmubhf!jo!uif!nbjot!tvqqmz/ ! Uif!Tubsu0Tupq!cvuupo!ibt!opu!cffo!qsfttfe/ Jg!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!epps!jt!opu!qspqfsmz!tivu-!G15 xjmm!bqqfbs!po!uif!ejtqmbz/ Xiz!jt!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof wjcsbujoh!ps!nbljoh!upp nvdi!opjtf@ Uijt!nbz!cf!evf!up!uif!gpmmpxjoh; Uif!cmpdljoh!boe!usbotqpsu!tdsfxt!ibwf!opu! cffo sfnpwfe/ Uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!ibt!opu!cffo!dpssfdumz!mfwfmmfe/ 99 tbgfuz!boe!uspvcmftippujoh Xiz!epftoÔu!uif!xbtijoh nbdijof!ublf!jo!xbufs@ Joejdbups!G12-!op!xbufs!dpnjoh!jo-!uijt!nbz!cf!evf!up b!dvu!jo!uif!xbufs!tvqqmz-!b!ubq!uvsofe!pgg!ps!b!cmpdlfe xbufs!jomfu!gjmufs/ Uif!qpttjcmf!tpmvujpot!bsf!bt!gpmmpxt;!xbju!gps!uif!xbufs tvqqmz!up!cf!sfdpoofdufe-!uvso!po!uif!ubq-!ps!sfnpwf uif!xbufs!jomfu!iptf!boe!dmfbo!uif!gjmufs/ Jg!uijt!gbjmvsf!jt!efufdufe-!G12!xjmm!bqqfbs!po!uif!ejtqmbz/ Xiz!epftoÔu!uif!xbtijoh nbdijof!esbjo!ps!tqjo.esz@ Uif!sfbtpot!gps!uif!G13!joejdbups!nbz!cf!uif!gpmmpxjoh; xbtijoh!nbdijof!esbjo!qvnq!cmpdlfe-!cvjmejoh!esbjobhf qjqft!cmpdlfe-!ps!jodpssfdu!qvnq!fmfdusjdbm!dpoofdujpo/ Tpmvujpo;!jg!uif!qvnq!jt!cmpdlfe-!hbjo!bddftt!up!ju!bt eftdsjcfe!jo!tfdujpo!3-!nbjoubjojoh!boe!dmfbojoh!uif bqqmjbodf/ Jg!uijt!gbjmvsf!jt!efufdufe-!G13!xjmm!bqqfbs!po!uif!ejtqmbz/ Xiz!epftoÔu!uif!xbtijoh nbdijof!tqjo.esz@ Uijt!nbz!cf!evf!up!bo!vofwfo!ejtusjcvujpo!pg!dmpuift jo!uif!esvn!boe!nbz!dbvtf!bo!fydfttjwf!mfwfm!pg wjcsbujpot/ Uif!tpmvujpo!jt!up!tfmfdu!b!tqjo.eszjoh!qsphsbnnf/ Jg!uijt!gbjmvsf!jt!efufdufe-!D4!xjmm!bqqfbs!po!uif!ejtqmbz/ Xiz!dboÔu!J!tff!boz!xbufs!jo uif!esvn!evsjoh!uif!xbti@ Uijt!jt!evf!up!uif!gbdu!uibu!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!jt!qspwjefe xjui!b!tztufn!xijdi!jt!bcmf!up!bebqu!up!uif!mpbe!boe!uzqf pg!gbcsjdt-!bekvtujoh!uif!mfwfmt!pg!xbufs!boe!fofshz!vtfejo!psefs!up!qsftfswf!uif!fowjsponfou/ Tp-!bmuipvhi!uif!xbufs!mfwfm!zpv!dbo!tff!uispvhi!uif!ibudi nbz!mppl!mpx-!uifsf!jt!op!dbvtf!gps!dpodfso!bt!xbtijoh boe!sjotjoh!fggjdjfodz!xjmm!tujmm!cf!pqujnvn/ 9: tbgfuz!boe!uspvcmftippujoh Xiz!jt!uifsf!tujmm!tpnf!xbufs jo!uif!ejtqfotfs@ Uijt!nbz!cf!cfdbvtf!uif!ejtqfotfs!offet!dmfbojoh/!Uijt tjnqmf!pqfsbujpo!jt!eftdsjcfe!jo!Nbjoubjojoh!boe!dmfbojoh uif!bqqmjbodf/ 2.!Dmfbojoh!uif!efufshfou!ejtqfotfs/ Xiz!dboÔu!J!pqfo!uif!ibudi jnnfejbufmz!bgufs!uif!xbti ibt!gjojtife@ Xbtijoh!nbdijoft!upebz!bsf!qspwjefe!xjui!tbgfuz!tztufnt gps!vtfst/!Pof!pg!uifn!jt!uibu!uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!dboopu cf!pqfofe!voujm!ju!jt!dfsubjo!uibu!uif!esvn!jt!rvjuf!tujmm/!Uijt jt!xiz!uif!ibudi!dboopu!cf!pqfofe!gps!3!njovuft/ Xiz!epftoÔu!uif!sfnbjojoh ujnf!tipxo!po!uif!dmpdl dpjodjef!xjui!uif!sfbm!ujnf mfgu!voujm!uif!tfmfdufe!dzdmf gjojtift@ Uijt!ujnf!jt!gps!hvjebodf!qvsqptft!pomz!boe!nbz!cf!bggfdufe cz!uif!dpoejujpot!voefs!xijdi!uif!tfmfdufe!qsphsbnnf!jt cfjoh!svo-!f/h/!jojujbm!xbufs!ufnqfsbuvsf-!tj{f!pg!mpbe!ps vocbmbodf!dbvtfe!cz!uif!hbsnfout!evsjoh!tqjo!eszjoh/ Uif!xbtijoh!nbdijof!dbo!efufdu!puifs!joejdbujpot/!Xifo uijt!ibqqfot!b!ovncfs!pg!puifs!joejdbupst!bqqfbs!po!uif ejtqmbz;!G16-!G17///-!G21/!Jg!uijt!ibqqfot-!dbmm!uif!Pggjdjbm Ufdiojdbm!Tfswjdf/ Puifs!joejdbujpot :1 fowjsponfoubm!xbsojoht fdp.opuf JOGPSNBUJPO!GPS!UIF!DPSSFDU!EJTQPTBM!PG!XBTUF!FMFDUSJDBM!BOE FMFDUSPOJD!BQQMJBODFT Xifo!zpvs!bqqmjbodf!jt!pg!op!gvsuifs!vtf-!ju!tipvme opu!cf!ejtqptfe!pg!uphfuifs!xjui!hfofsbm!epnftujd xbtuf/ Ju!dbo!cf!ublfo-!gsff!pg!dibshf-!up!b!tqfdjgjd!xbtuf dpmmfdujpo!dfousf-!svo!cz!zpvs!mpdbm!bvuipsjuz-!ps efbmfst!xip!qspwjef!uijt!tfswjdf/ Ejtqptjoh!pg!xbtuf!epnftujd!bqqmjbodft!tfqbsbufmz nfbot!bwpjejoh!qpttjcmf!ofhbujwf!dpotfrvfodft gps!uif!fowjsponfou!boe!ifbmui-!efsjwfe!gspn jodpssfdu!ejtqptbm/!Uijt!xjmm!fobcmf!uif!nbufsjbmt jo!uifn!up!cf!usfbufe!boe!sfdzdmfe-!pcubjojoh jnqpsubou!tbwjoht!jo!fofshz!boe!sftpvsdft/ :2 Up!ijhimjhiu!uif!pcmjhbujpo!pg!dpmmbcpsbujoh!xjui tfmfdujwf!xbtuf!dpmmfdujpo-!uif!qspevdu!jt!nbslfe xjui!b!tzncpm!up!xbso!bhbjotu!vtjoh!usbejujpobm dpoubjofst!gps!ejtqptjoh!pg!uif!bqqmjbodf/ Gps!gvsuifs!jogpsnbujpo-!dpoubdu zpvs!mpdbm!bvuipsjuz!ps!uif!tipq xifsf!zpv!qvsdibtfe!uif!qspevdu/ 1:.17 MK7B13:Q: