Download Sinclair User - Retro Computer Resource

October 1982
The independent magazine for the independent user
How to choose
your cassette
player
Clive gives his
views on our
golden future
We profile one
of the leaders
in the export
boom
Meet the
winner of
ur EPROM
blower
competition
New
home ta
computer
launched
1
Plus I I pages of
programs, software
d hardware reviews,
helpline, mindgames,
news and your letters
MICHAEL ORWIN'S ZX131 CASSETTES
THE BEST SO F T WARE ( BY VAR I O U S AUT HO RS) AT LO W PRICES
Q UO T ES
"Mic hael Orwin's E5 Cassette Two Is very good value.
It contains 10 stolid well designed games which work, offer
plenty of variety and choice, and are fun."
From the ZX Software review in
Your Computer, May '82 issue.
" I h a d y o u r Inv ader s / React c as s ette
I
was
delighted with this fi rst cassette."
P. Rubython, London NW10
"I have been intending to write to you for some days
to say h o w muc h I enjoy the games on 'Cassette O ne'
which you s upplied me with earlier this month.''
EH . , London SW4
I pr ev ious ly b o u g h t y our Cassette O ne and
consider it to be good value for money !"
CASSETTE 2
Ten games in Bas ic f o r 16k ZX81
Cassette Two contains Reversi, Awari, Laser Bases, Word
Mastermind, Rec tangles , C r a s h , R oulet t e, Po n t o o n ,
Penny Shoot and Gun Command.
Cas s ette T w o c os ts £5.
CASSET T E 3
8 pr ogr ams f o r 16k 2)(81
ST AR SH IP T R O J AN
disaster s trik es . Haz ar ds inc lude
asphyxiation, r a d ia t io n , es c aped
biological specimens and plunging
into a Supernova.
=
R
Ric har d Ros s - Langley
ST
ART
REK T h i s v er s ion o f t h e w e l l k n o w n s pac e
e
M a n a g in g D ir ec t or
adventure
game features variable Klingon mobillity , and
M in e o f I n f o r m a t io n Ltd.
p
graphic
photon
torpedo tracking.
a
PRINCESS
OF K R A A L An adventure game.
i
BAT T LE Strategy game for 1 to 4 players.
CASSETTE 1
r
K A L A B R I A S Z World's silliest card game, full of pointless
y
(elev en l k pr ogr ams )
complicated rules.
o R u b ik C u b e s imulator , w i t h lo t s o f func tions
machine code:
CUBE
u
React, Invaders, Phantom aliens, Maz e of death, Planet inc luding
'Backstep'.
r
lander, Bounc ing letters, Bug splat.
SECRET M ESSAG ES This message c oding program is
Basic:
veryS tx lp gexi jf
I C hing, Mas ter mind, Robots , Bas ic Hangman. P L U S .M AtR T I A N C R I C K E T A s imple b u t addic tiv e g a m e
a unlike Earth cricket) in machine code. The speed is
Large screen versions o f Invaders and Maz e o f Death, (totally
variable,
r
and its top speed is very fast.
Ready for when you get 16k
Cassette One costs [ 3.80
Casss ette 3 c os ts E5.
h
i
p
CASSET T E 4
8 games f o r 16k ZX81
b
G UNFIG HT
I N VA D ER S
Z X- SCRAMBL E (machine code) w it h 3 stages.
e
(machine code) ( m a c h i n e code)
Bomb and shoot your w ay through the fortifi ed caves. f
o
r
API O W M N
A l a
al %
•
•
a •
•
•
•
e
a a .
a
•
%OP
• •
a
,
a
,
a
,
•
P u N G P L I T I F
•I t m E ' . . R E A C H T H E S K Y T H E Y
DE RDLV S P O R E S . Y O U
M. I N T U I N O
R OY T i l e P U N GA LOID S eo
A. 7 0 DN E S T C
AN T I - F U N O U S s o m a . . O N
,
T
LH.
R
O
L
+
A
.
F
F
6
n
L
O
Y
t
E
t
R
e
A
t
N
I
D
U
T
Y
A
O
N
U
T
R
H
I
S
S
L
O
H
a
G AL AXY IN VA D ER S (machine code)
Fleets of s wooping and div ing alien c raft to fi ght of f .
SNAKEBIT E (machine code)
Eat the snake before it eats you. Variable speed.
(very fast at top speed).
LIFE (machine code)
A ZX81 version of the well k nown game.
3D TIC-TAC-TO E (Basic)
Played on a 4 x 4 x 4 board, this is a game for the
brain, it is very hard to beat the c omputer at it.
7 of the 8 games are in machine code, because this is much faster than Basic. ( So me
of these games w ere previously available from J. St ead man ) . Cassette 4 costs E5.
Recorded on quality cassettes, sent by fi rst class post, from:
Michael Orwin, 26 Brow nlow Rd., Willesden, London NW10 9QL (mail order only please)
sinclair
User
STORKROSE LTD.
--Dolo-ossette
Editorial director
John Sterlicchi
r Tope- trooKs
P
o
r
c
b
c
page 37
page 50
t
e
5 S 1 NCLAI RV O Y ANCE Cl i ve Si ncl ai r makes hi s excuses
for delays i n Spectr um
P be better,
delivery. The product may be good but production could
o
7 S I NCLAI R USER CLUB Mor e news on the club scene.
w
e
1.1. N E W S ZX•81 Softwar e and har dwar e prices star
r t to fall: the designers of the
Spectrum branch-out on their own.
Advertisement director
Simon Horgan
1 3 Y O U R LETTERS You give us your views on the wor l d of Sinclair computer,
Advertisement manager
John Ross
1 4 G O LDE N AGES Clive Sinclair gives his views on the future.
Editorialiproduction assistant
Margaret Hawkins
1 7 S O FTWARE SCENE The invaders are let loose on the Spectrum and the mysterinq
of the Sinclair Horizons give-away are probed.
Managi ng director
Terry Cartwright
Chairman
Richard Hease
2 1 H A R D W A R E WO RLD Stephen Adams looks at the latest add-ons for Sinclair
computers.
Sinclair User is published monthly
by ECC Publications Ltd. It is not in
any way connected wi th Sinclair
Research Ltd.
2 7 P RO G RAM PRI NTOUT Eight more pages of our popular programs.
Editor
Nigel Clark
Consultant editor
Mil(e Johnston
Production editor
Harold Moves MBE
Staff writer
John Gilbert
Design
William Scolding
telephone
All departments
01-359 7481
If you would like to contribute to
Sinclair User, please send typed (or
beautifully hand-written) articles or
programs to:
Sinclair User
ECC Publications.
30-31 Islington Green,
London Ni
We will pay EIO for each program
printed and E50 for each article.
which should be approximately
1,000 words long.
c Copyright 1982
Sinclair User
ISSN No, 0262-5458
Origination by
Outline Graphics.
Printed by
Eden Fisher (Southend) Ltd
Distributed by
Spotlight Magazine Distribution Ltd,
1Benvvell Road,
Holloway,
London N7
01-607 8411
SI NCLAI R USER O c t obe r 1982
2 5 S TARTI NG FROM SCRATCH Our guide to how to learn to use your 2X-81.
3 7 T A P E RECORDERS AND COMPUTERS Mi ke Salem gives hints on tape storage
4 1 H E L P U N E Andr ew Hewson answers readers* questions.
44
COMPETI TI ON WI NNER The wi nner of our EPROM blower competition.
5 0 C O M P A N Y PROFILE Data-Assette entered the 2X-81 market via Its tape businesIt now sees its future tied closely to the machine.
5 3 M I N D GAMES Philip Joy explores chess, one of the oldest mind games.
FREE INSIDE — Spectrum User devoted to news about the Spectrum,
its uses and its problems.
NEXT MONTH
• We assess the growing amount of
software available for the business user
• Another look behind the scenes in Sinclair
Research
• More software for the Spectrum
3
NO RIVING
oks
THE
SPECTRUM
4
•
4
• • 46.1
• 1# • •
• * •
4
• • 10
• '
•
Dr I on Logan is the acknowledged
leading authority on Sinclair computers.
In this book, he gives a complete
overview of the way the Spectrum
operates. both for BASIC and machine
l anguage programming, A special
section on the ROM operating system
will give you insight into this computer
as well as provide you with information
on how to use many of the routines
present in the ROM. This book is a must
if you ore serious about programming
the Spectrum O nl y E7.95,
lop •
4
1
6
M TN, ;
1
01 0 •
0
Over the Spectrum
. is the book: wher e
s
2 0 do come true!
your dreams really
With
t
w
the full listing of over 30 programs for
a book will show you
your Spectrum, this
.
how to use the computer's complete
facilities. Exciting games such as
Meteor Storm, Eliminator and Spectrum
invaders, together wi th utilities,
educati onal programs, pr ogr ammi ng
tips and hints, make this the definitive
book for every Spectrum user. Onl y E6.95_
After leading the way in Sinclair ZXfil software, we've
produced the highest quality, most exciting Spectrum
software available. From the three excellent books
depicted above to fast-action games on cassette,
we're providing the best choice in Sinclair Spectrum
software today.
Whether it's for your new Spectrum or ZX81
Melbourne House has books and programs perfectly
suited to your needs.
r
This title speaks for itself, it's everything
you need to understand about Spectrum
Machi ne Language when you're just
starting off. A must for all new Spectrum
owners. Onl y Eto 95
—
Melbourne House Publishers,
131 Tr afal gar Road, Gr eenwi ch, London SEUL
k TJ
Rood,
Cor r espondence t o : G l e b e C o t t a g e , S t a t i o n
Cheddi ngton, Lei ghton Buz z ar d, BEDS LU7 7NA.
e
Please send m e your Spectr um/ ZX81 catal ogue (pl ease
I
specify).
Please send me
( p l e a s e
add 80p for post,
pack & V A T . )
Name
1
1
1
1
1
Addr ess
Send for your Spectrum or ZX81 catalogue today.
Post Code
i
S
U
1
C
SI NCLAI R USER O c t obe
: r 1082
1
ViaOPMELBOURNE HOUSE PUBLISHERS
4
Spectrum excuses run out
Spectrum in a blaze of publicity in April. At the
S time th e company w a s stating th at t h e
I
machine
was ready to be despatched and that
production
wa s ready t o meet t h e expected
N
demand.
C
The confidence of the company was matched by
L
the enthusiasm with which people placed their
A
orders.
Since then, nothing seems to have gone right
and
I the disillusion of customers throughout the
R
R
E
S
E
country has grown. Sinclair User has been flooded
A telephone calls and letters from people
with
R
expressing
their dissatisfaction with the way they
have
been
treated.
C
of the anger has filtered through to
HThe level
Sinclear
Research and Clive Sinclair considered
a situation to be so bad that he wrote to the magathe
n explaining the problems. I t is printed in
zine
Spectrum
User. A voucher for 1 0 and a promise
n
that
o the backlog should be cleared by the end of
September is being offered to customers, some of
u
whom
have been waiting for three months.
nThe most unfortunate feature is that it could
easily
have been avoided. Sinclair Research makes
c
great
e play of the fact that it can work to strict deadlines. It is an ability of which to be proud — if it can
d achieved. There is no reputation to be gained
be
t making claims which cannot be justified.
from
hThe company can advance an y number o f
excuses
but the fact remains that it has not been
e
able to substantiate the claims it made at the time of
the launch. Problems in gearing-up to full production, obscure faults discovered after production
began, and unexpected demand are all acceptable
in companies new to the market but Sinclair
Research has had the experience of two previous
machines, yet still seems unable to profit from
experience.
SI NCLAI R USER O c t obe r 1982
The only excuse for not making sure that the
Spectrum was ready to go ahead as soon as it was
announced, with a suitable stock to ensure that
unexpected demand could be met, was that it had to
rush to market a machine to beat the opposition.
That does not apply in this case.
It would have made n o difference t o t h e
competitive position of Sinclair if the machine had
not been announced until September. I t would.
however, have made a great difference to its
position with its customers.
It has been said that Sinclair Research is a
company with a technology bias. That is used as an
excuse for its poor customer relations. That is a
reasonable comment for a company which is doing
research work for other companies. It is not acceptable for one wishing to deal so closely with the
public.
It is also inconsistent. Clive Sinclair is scarcely
an innocent where employing the media to publicise
his successes i s concerned. The shortcomings
appear once the machine has been developed and
the market has been created.
None of that should detract from the achievements of the company. In a very short time it has
developed a dominant position i n t h e home
computer market. Such success, however, brings
its own pressures. Others see the profits which can
be made and in a short time methods which worked
less than a year ago are no longer sufficient to
ensure that the leading position is maintained.
Clive Sinclair is worried, and probably rightly so,
about the threat from the Japanese. I t has not
appeared yet. The only competition has been from
other British companies, which seem to suffer from
the same delivery problems as Sinclair Research. It
will not last for ever. The best way to meet the
threat is to have the proper product at the proper
place at the proper time and the ability to meet the
demand satisfactorily.
Sinclair scores on the product side. Once it can
organise its production effectively it should have no
difficulty in justifying the image it has built for
itself.
5
PERSONAL BU SI N ESS A N D F I N AN C I AL
PLANNING C AL C U L AT I ON S
Ther e le c tr onic wor k s he e t gross y ou morass/0nel
w we t to th e 1 X 8 1 th a n thought possibit.
LataTIIINTIN
L Aa
VP.
li,
tw
-
A T H R EE D I M EN SI O N AL
M AZ E G A M E
,
P
DP•orb few .• • k ipt uovv0
an310.
1• •
s
I
J
U
N
U
V
I
R
All these titles are available now from your local Bookstore or Computershop. In
case of diffi culty, send cOst of tape plus 25p postage per tape with the coupon
to: Software Masters Ltd., 30 Lincoln Road, Olton, Birmingham B27 6PA. Trade
enquiries welcome!
SM2015
Breakout
16K 5, 95
SM2011
Cornputacalc
16K 7. 95
SM2022
Constellation
16K 8. 00
SM2023
16K 7. 95
Football Manager
SM2003
16K 5. 95
Labyrinth
SM2025
16K 9. 95
Magnus
SM2021
16K 10.00
Mazogs
SM2017
16K 5. 95
Mugsy
SM2018
16K 5. 95
Murgal royds
SM2019
16K 5. 95
Murgatroyds Revenge
SM2005
16K 6. 95
Nightmare P a r k
SM2027
P.
i6K 5. 95
/
SM2012
16K 9. 95
Personal Banking System
M
u
s
i
c
SM2024
Pilot
16K 5. 95
SM2020
16K 5. 95
Prog merge
SM2026
Puckman
16K 5. 95
SM2008
Space Intruders
16K 5. 95
SM2014
Space invaders/Space Rescue
16K 6. 95
SM2013
Star Trekf3D Os & Xs
16K 6. 95
SM2007
ZX 81 Chess
16K 6. 90
SM2001
Bumper 7
1K 5. 95
SM2016
1K Games Pack
1K 6.00
SM 2002
1K 7.95
1K Super Trio
Prices Include VAT
*mace
6
Please send me
Code
o
m
a
n
r
a
t
i
o
n
e
n
d
a
n
a
l
y
s
t
s
c
o
l
d
a
t
a
.
h
r
i
n
g
o
n
g
m
o
r
the
e
tisHE Lt IS A l LAST " A N T
SIMULATION PROGRAM
FOP Y Oul.
COMPUTE
N
following programs
Cost
Postage:I enclose Postal Order/Cheque for Total E
Name
Address
Su
Software Masters Lid.
30 Lincoln Road, Olton, Birmingham B27 6PA,
England. Telephone: 021-707 7544.
likS7kbatillEYSKIIIERMOSIMEIM11110011111101t111111E1SI NCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
sinclair user
club
Telephone
service
answers
problems
Major Savings on
software for
business
Prices of Hilderbay
range are cut by 10pc
OUR O F F E R t o c l u b
members this month has a
stro n g b i a s t o w a r d s
people who p re fe r to use
their Sinclair machines for
serious applications.
The major p a r t o f th e
offer, w h i ch a s usual i s
exclusive t o members o f
the Sinclair User Club. is a
10 percent reduction in the
price o f th e products o f
Hilderbay. T h e company
range includes a te ste d
tape r e c o r d e r a n d a
loading aid, as w e l l as a
large ra n g e o f business
software.
The p r i c e re d u cti o n s,
listed below, a re a major
saving and w i l l go a long
Tape Recorder
Hilderhay loading aid
Software for the ZX-81:
Beamscan
Payroll
Stock Control
Optimax
Budget I and II
Time Ledger
Critical Path
Financial Pack
Gold
Program Planning Package
Spectrum software:
Payroll
Stock Control
Gold
Program Planning Package
SI NCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
way to off-setting the cost
of membership.
All t h e p ri ce s q u o te d
include V A T and postage
and packing except for the
tape recorder, fo r w h i ch
an extra E2 is charged.
As seen i n th e listing,
some o f th e so ftw a re i s
also a v a i l a b l e f o r t h e
Spectrum.
The rest of this month's
Star Offe r is made up by
the Mi cro Gen chess program f o r t h e Sp e ctru m,
known a s Ma ste r Chess.
Again this is being offered
at a discount to members
of 1 0 p e r c e n t . T h a t
reduces the normal price
of E9.90 to E8.90 fo r club
members. A s u s u a l , t o
permit n e w members t o
take advantage o f these
offers you can include an
o rd er w i t h
application form.
Members ca n ta ke advantage o f th e discounts
until the end of October.
Usual C l u b
Price P r i c e
E22 E 1 9 . 8 0
E5.95 E 5 . 3 5
E25 E 2 2 . 5 0
E25 [ 2 2 . 5 0
E25 E 2 2 . 5 0
E40 E 3 6 . 0 0
E17 E 1 5 . 3 0
E15 E 1 3 . 5 0
£15 E 1 3 . 5 0
E8 E 7 . 2 0
E5 E 4 . 5 0
E138 E 1 2 4 . 2 0
E25 E 2 2 . 5 0
E25 E 2 2 . 5 0
E8 E 7 . 2 0
E138 E 1 2 4 . 2 0
y o u r
A N E W service i s a va i l able fo r members o f o u r
popular S i n c l a i r U s e r
Club.
A telephone p ro b l e manswering service is now
available, e x c l u s i v e t o
members. The number has
been announced o n t h e
cassette sent to members
midway through August.
Members will be able to
telephone the number with
any problems th e y m a y
have in using the Sinclair
machines. We started the
service b e c a u s e w e
thought i t important th a t
members s h o u l d h a v e
somewhere t h e y c o u l d
obtain e xp e rt advice i mmediately.
The A u g u s t c a s s e tte
was th e fi r s t t o b e sent
continued on page 8
MEMBERSHIP
FORM
I wish to join the Sinclair User Club and enclose
my subscription of E12
Name
Address
Which computer do you own?
ZX-01 l S p e c t r u m
Send y o u r coupons t o Si n cl a i r U s e r C l u b .
ECC Publications, 3 0
N
- i 8131. Cheques should be made payable to
Sinclair
User Club.
31
I s l i n g t o n
G r 7e e n
,
The cassettes also contain a s pe c ia l bom be r
game, w i t h versions f o r
both t he ZX-81 a n d the
continued from page 7
Spectrum.
Cassettes ha v e be e n
since w e b e g a n t h e
Sinclair User Club. They sent t o a l l pe ople w h o
were produced f or both joined t he Sinclair User
the Z X
Club by the second week in
-Spectrum.
August. Those who joined
8 1They contain the first in after that date will receive
a
of articles on how their first cassette at the
a series
n
to
use
machine
code i n beginning of October.
d
As we ll as the second
programming.
The intr ot
article
in the machine code
ductory
a r tic le , wr it t e n
h
for
e people w h o already programming series i t is
know how to program in intended t o have a pr oBasic, c om pa r e s c om - blem pa ge service, w i t h
mands in Basic to those in matters w h i c h a r e o f
machine code.
s pe c i a l c o n c e r n t o m e m -
Britain
Aylesbury Z X Computer Cl ub: Ke n Kni ght, 2 2 Mount Str eet
Aylesbury (5181 or 630867). Meetings: first Wednesday and third
Thursday of the month_
Doncaster and District Mi cr o Club: !aim Woods. 80 Dundas Road.
Wheatley, Doncaster DN2 4DR; (0302) 29357,
Edi nbur gh ZX Users' Club: J. Palmer (031 881 3183) or K Mitchell
(031 3 3 4 8483). Meeti ngs: second Wednesday of the month a t
Claremont Hotel,
EZUG-Educational ZX-80411 User s' Group: Eric Deeson. Highgate
School, Birmingham B12 9D.S.
Glasgow ZX-80181 User s' Cl ub: I an Watt, 107 Gr eenwood Road.
Clarkston, Glasgow G76 71W (041 638 1241). Meetings: second and
fourth monday of each month.
Hassocks ZX Mi cr o User Club, Sussex: Paul King (Hassocks 4530).
I nver tl yde ZX-81 Users* Cl ub: Rober t W a l t 9 St. John's Road,
Gourock. RenfreiNshire, P A1 9 1 P L (Gour ock 39967). Meeti ngs:
Every other week on Monday at Greenock Society of the Deaf, Kelly
Street, Greenock.
Keighley Computer Club: Colin Price. Redholt. I ngr ow, Keighley
(603133)_
Merseyside Co-op ZX User s' Gr oup: Kei th Driscoll. 5 3 Melville
Road. Bootle, Merseyside 1.20 6NE; 051-922 3163.
National ZX-80 and ZX81 User s' Cl ub: 44-46 Earls Cour t Road,
London WEI 6E1
Nor th Her tfor dshi r e Hom e Computer Cl ub: R Cr utchfiel d, 2
Durham Road. Stevenage; Meetings: first Friday of the month at the
Settlement, NeveIls Road. Letchworth.
Nor th London Hobby Computer Club: ZX users' gr oup meets at
North London Pol ytechni c. Hol l oway Road, London N 7 e a c h
Monday. 6pm.
Nottingham Mi cr ocomputer Cl ub: ZX-80'81 user s gr oup, G E
Basford. 9 Hoime Close, The Pastures, Woodborough, Nottingham.
Orpington Com put e r Cl ub: Roge r Pyatt, 2 3 Ar unde l Dr i ve.
Orpington, Kent, (Orpington 20281).
Per th a n d Di s t r i c t A m a t e u r Com put e r Soci ety: Al a s t a i r
MacPherson, 1 5 4 O a k ba nk Roa d, P e r t h P H I 11-i A (29633).
Meetings: thi r d Tuesday of each month at Hunter s Lodge Motel ,
Bankfoot.
Scunthorpe ZX Club: C P HazeIton, 26 Rilestone Place. Botlesford,
Scunthorpe; (0724 63466).
Sheffield: Andr ew Moor e. 1 Ketton Avenue, Sheffiel d S8 8 P A
would like people interested in starting a club in the area to contact
him enclosing a stamped-addressed envelope for details.
Swindon ZX Computer Club: Andr ew Bartlett. 47 Grosvenor Road.
Swindon, Wi l ts SN1 4 LT; (0793) 3077. Monthl y meeti ngs a nd
software library.
8
hers, more games for the offe r ing l o n g e r - t e r m
ZX-81 and Spectrum, and discounts on a variety of
news about the activities items i n t h e g r o w i n g
of club members.
market for hardware addThe cassette a n d t h e ons and software.
telephone pr oble m -line
A y e a r 's subscription
are j u s t t w o o f t h e costs E1 2 a n d t ha t c a n
advantages t o be gained easily b e r e c oupe d b y
from joining the Sinclair taking advantage o f the
User C l u b . I t i s a l s o special discounts whic h
possible t o o b t a i n we ne got ia t e f o r o u r
discounts on a number of members.
popular items which a r e
To take advantage of all
available to enhance their these benefits, complete
Sinclair machines.
the a p p l i c a t i o n f o r m
Each month we arrange today, making sure tha t
a special Star Offer which you i n d i c a t e w h i c h
is usually available until machine you own so that
the end of the month. We we c a n s e nd y o u t h e
are a l s o c o n s i d e r i n g correct cassette.
Thames Valley ZX Users' Club: Richard Shepherd, 22 Green Lays,
Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 7EZ; (0628)21107 (evenings and weekends). Hopes to start meetings on a regular basis.
Wor ts Computer Cl ub: S W Rabone, 1 8 Castl e Road, War ta,
Weston-super -Mar e BS 2 2 9 1 W (Weston-super -Mar e 513068).
Meetings: Woodsprings Inn. Worle, on alternate Mondays.
ZX Guaranteed: GA Bobker, 29 Chadderton Drive, Unsworth, Bury,
Lancashire. Exchanges information and programs thr oughout the
country.
ZX-80/ZX/11 User s' Cl ub: P O Box 159. Kingston-on-Thames, A
postal club.
Overseas
Belgium. Fr ance. Luxembour g: Cl ub Sinclair. Raymond Betz. 3 8
Chemin du Moul i n 38. B-1328 Ohain, Belgium (322 6537468)
Belgium. Nether l ands: Mi cr ocomputer Ver eni gi ng BZW, P a ul
Glenisson, Priester de l'Epeestrant 14, B-1200 Brussels. Belgium
(322 7349954)
Denmark: Danmarks National ZX-80/81 Kl ub (DNZK). lens Larson.
Skovmosevej 6.4200 Slagelese. post giro 1 46 24 66.
ZX-Br uger gr uppen i Danmar k. Boks 44, 2650 Hvidovre. Gr ati s
medlemskab og gratis bled tit enhver interesseret_
East Netherlands: Jonathon Meyer. Van Speen Street 22.6524 H,N.
Nijmegen; (080 223411).
Germany: ZX - 8 0 Cl ub. a postal cl ub; contact Thomas jenczyk.
I lameln, Postfach 65 D-3250 Hameln, Germany.
Indonesia: Jakar ta ZX-80/ 81 User s' Cl ub, LS, Wiley's, Jakarta.
Indonesia.
Republic of Ireland: Irish ZX-80/81 Users' Club. 73 Cnoc Crionain.
Ballo Atha, Cliath 1_
Singapore: Sinclair Users' Group; Eric Mortimer, 1D Wilmer Court.
Leonie Hill Road. Singapore.
South Afr i ca: Johannesburg Z,X80/81 Computer User s' Cl ub; S
Lucas, cto Hoechst S A (Pty) Ltd. P O Box 8692, Johannesburg,
Teaches Basic and machine code, interest in hardware.
Johannesburg ZX Users' Club: LOnnert ER Fisher, PO Box 61446,
Marshallstown. Johannesburg.
Spain: Cl ub Nacional de Usuarios del ZX-81. Joseph-Oriol Tomas.
Avda. de Madr i d, No 203 207. 10. 3a esc. A Barcelona-14 Espana.
International ZX Spectrum Club: Gabriel Indalecio Cam, Sardana.
4 atrico 2a, San Andr es de la Barca, Barcelona. Send international
reply coupon. Produces a hi-monthly magazine.
Uni ted States: Bay Ar ea ZX-80 User Group. 2660 Las Aromas.
Oakland CA94611. — Har var d Group. Bolton Road, Har var d MA
01451; (617 456 3967),
SI NCLAI R USER O c t obe r 1982
PIEPIOTECHExplores the
Excellence of y
E(81
our
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 / 1 1 1 1
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
IIIETEMEIME• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
1110f I N V 1 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
•1
El r • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
M I it V it • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
111 A i
•
mindEt E I m m oom a nnonom m e m om m i na m o
• • 1 1 1 1 1 dE ME E ME • • • E E I E ME ME • • E • 1 1 •
illemotedis illemopah Range
All fi ve of t he c urrent ly av ailable Memopak s are hous ed in elegant blac k anodis ed a l u mi n i u m cases, and are s t y led t o fi t wobble-f ree
ont o t he bac k of t he ZX81, allowing more add-ons (f rom Memot ec h or Sinc lair) to be c onnec t ed
MEMOPAK 64K MEMORY EXTENSION
plusUAT
The 64K Memopak ex t ends t he memory of t he ZX81 by 56K, and wit h t he 2X81 giv es 64K. whic h is neit her
s wit c hed nor paged and is direc t ly addres s able. The unit is us er t rans parent and ac c ept s c ommands such as
10 DI M A(9000).
Break down of me mo r y areas , . . 0-8K-Sinc lair ROM. 8-16K-This area can be used t o hold mac hine c ode for
c o mmu n i c a t i o n bet ween p r o g r a mme s or peripherals . 16-64ICA s t raight 413K f or normal Bas ic use.
MEMOPAK 32K and 16K MEMORY EXTENSIONS
Thes e t wo pac k s ex t end and c omplet e t h e Me mo t e c h RAM range (for t he t ime being! ) A not able f eat ure of t he
32K pack is t hat it will run in t andem wit h t he Sinc lair 16K memory ex t ens ion t o give 48K RAM t ot al
sa
plus
i UAT
m
Emlo
pkis
MEMOPAK HIGH RES GRAPHICS PACK
HAG Main Feat ures — • Fully p r o g r a mma b l e Hi-Res (192 x 248 pix els ) • Video page is bot h memory and bit
mapped and can be loc at ed any where in RAM. • Nu mb e r of Video pages is limit ed only by RAM size (each
t ak es about 6.5K RAM) • I ns t ant inv ers e v ideo on/ of f gives fl as hing c harac t ers • Video pages can be
Superimpos ed • Video page ac c es s is s imilar to Bas ic plot t unplot c o mma n d s • Cont ains 2K EPROM monit or
wit h f ull range of graphic s s ubrout ines c ont rolled by mac hine c ode or USA f unc t ion
MEMOPAK CENTRONICS TYPE PARALLEL PRINTER INTERFACE
Main Feat ures — • I nt erf ac es ZX81 and parallel print ers of t he Cent ronic s t y pe • Enables use of a range of dot
mat rix and dais y wheel print ers wit h ZX8I • Compat ible wit h ZX8I Bas ic , print s f rom LUST. LPRI NT and COPY
• Cont ains fi rmware to c onv ert ZX8I c harac t ers to ASCII c ode • Gives lower-c as e c harac t ers f rom ZX8I inv ers e
c harac t er set
M ENOPAK RAM
I li
CENTROMCS
I
R
E
S
G
R
A c omplet e range of ZXS I p luAo -in p e r ip h e r a '
Digit is ing Tablet R S 2 P3 2 I nt erlac e
H
We regret we are asI yet unable to accept
orders or enquiries Cconcerning the abov e
S
ComingSoon...
products, but well let you know as soon
as they bec ome available
Please send me
P
r
i
c
84K RAM E68.70 + 0 0 , 3 0 VAT
32K RAM E 4 3 . 4 3 + E81,52 VAT
16K RAM E 2 6 00 + E3,90 VAT
Please Debit my
Ac c es s iBerc is y c ard• HRG C52 00 + £7 80 VAT
ac c ount number
CENTRONICS I F C3 4 . 7 0 • £5.20 VAT
Packaging & Pos tage E2.00 per unit
acre, nor appo,
Please mak e
cheques pay able to
MEMOTECH Ltd
I
A
h
r
a
s
e
a
.
f
i
g
t
.
0
4
1
,
C
h
a
e
No ToI al
E79.00
E49.95
E29.90
E59 80
E39.90
1
1
TOTAL ENC
SIGNATURE
D
NAN%
T
A
E
D
L
A
D
E
T
R
P
o
E
E
l
S
O
S
N
E
• • • • •
We want to be sure you are satisfied with your Memopak - so we offer a 14-day money back Guarantee on all our products
Memotech Limited, 3 Collins Street, Oxford 0X4 1XL, England Tel: Oxford (0865) 722102 Telex: 837220 Orchid G
SINCLAIR USER O c t o b e r 1982
9
THE
BUFFER
OPEN TUES. TO SAT.
10.30am to 5.30pm.
MICRO SHOP
(NEXT TO S TRE A THA M S T A T I O N
OLDEST SOFTWARE SHOP EXCLUSIVELY FOR
ZX81
PROGRAMS. GA ME S , " A D D
1
ONS"
MO S T OF THE MAIL ORDER ITEMS ADVERTISED I N
THIS MA G A ZI NE AVAILABLE OVER THE COUNTE R
and DCP packs
LOADING PROBLEMS? TRY OUR INTERFACE
BUSINESS Si TECHNICAL DA TA HA NDL ING PROGS.
PROPER KEYBOARDS, CONSOL ES; V DUS
•
•
•
• • • • •
•
• • • • • • •
• • • • • • •
Tel: 01- 769 2887
Cambridge Computer Store
1Emmanuel Street
Cambridge CBI 1NE
Telephone (0223) 358264/65334
S.A E. APPRECIATED FOR CA TA L OGUE
(closed 12 30 - 1. 15 except Saturday)
374A STREATHAM HIGH ROAD,
LONDON SW16
New for ZX81 users
EVENMORE MEMORY WITH OURBYGERBYTE
32K+ RAM PACK
Why put aside your 16K RA M Pack when you can use it
together with the new Byger Byte 32K + Ram Pack to give
you 48K of me mo ry:
No trailing leads or wires — all you need do is plug the existing
16K Ra m Pack in to the back o f th e n e w Byger Byte
32K + Rain Pack and Bingo 48K of memory.
Uses existing power supply. New 32K Rain Pack is tested and
guaranteed with the following 16K Rain Packs-Byg Byte,
Sinclair, Downsway.
Also available: 16K Ram Packs €22, new 32K + Rain Pack
£39.50, Standard 32K Ram Pack E35, 64K Ram Pack f 53.95.
Tape loading interface for trouble tree loading of program
C9.93. New high quality keyboard with bleep and reset C49.95.
All pnces are inclusive. of VAT and free postage and packing.
Name
Address
Make cheques payable to Pheonix Marketing and I enclose
my cheque/ PO for E
Please debit my Access/ Barclay Card
11111111111T1
Date
Signature
• 16K Ram Pack £ 7 2 . 0 0
• New 32K Ram Pack
f
33.50
•Standard 32K Ram Pack £ 3 5 . 0 0
•64K Ram Pack E 5 3 . 9 5
• Tape boarding interface £ 9 . 5 0
• New high-quality, fully cased
keyboard
E 4 9 . 9 5
0
0
El
• Please indicate order by ticking boxes
PHOENIX MARKETING
OAKLANDS HOUSE, SOLARTRON ROAD, FARNBOROUGH, HANTS.
TEL: (09552) 514990
1
0
SINCLAIR USER O ct o b e r 1982
LINE
„
Spectrum
designers use
s
Forth in new home micro
ANOTHER c he a p m ic r o
has been produced for the
home market. The Jupiter
Ace is the first computer to
be designed b y Richard
Altwasser a n d S t e v e n
Vickers since they finished
design work on the Spectrum.
The n e w m a c h i n e ,
which will be sold by mail
order for E89.95, uses the
language Forth instead of
the more usual Basic used
on other microcomputers.
Forth was chosen because
of i t s " c om bina tion o f
speed, versatility and ease
of programming".
The c om put e r look s
rather lik e a cross be tween a ZX-80 and a Spectrum. I t ha s a full-size
moving-key k e y boa r d.
although one thing it does
not have is the one-key en-
1100 is offered to beat Z X
81
A SOFTWARE company is
confident that it has produced one of the most difficult games for the ZX-81
that it is offering a prize of
E100 to anyone who can
beat the computer.
The game, A'Aari, is produced by Understanding of
London. It is in three levels
of difficulty — r a bbit .
beast a nd monster. T h e
prize is being offered to the
first person to send a soluSINCLAIR USER O c t o b e r 1982
Nigel Boyle
Prices are
set to
tumble
PRICES of ZX-81 software
and hardware are on the
way down. Software cassettes f o r ga m e s a n d
gr a phic s c h a r a c t e r s
business a pplic a t ions
and 6 4 present characwhich formerly ha d cost
ters.
E6 o f E 7 m a y n o w b e
There will be a range of
cheaper by up to El or E2.
optional accessories, i n Quicksilva is one of the
cluding a printer interface
companies to have started
cable, pr inte r , t w o joy the move. Its software cassticks, a position-detecting
settes S c r a m b l e a n d
light pe n a nd a cassette
Asteroids a re down fro m
recorder. A full range of
E5.50 to E4.95.
software is due to be launHardware i s a ls o be ched after the launch of
coming cheaper a nd not
the machine.
only because of the drop
Lowe n o w h a s e ight
in market demand. T h e
Genie models in its range
Quicksilva high-resolution
of computers, inc luding
graphics boa r d i s down
the new Genie HI Business
from E85 t o E60. QuickSystem whic h wa s a ls o
silva says that the drop in
due to appear ot the PCW
price is to keep the ZX-81
Show.
hardware moving.
Data-Assette has reduced the price o f its da ta
r e tr ie v a l s y s t e m , t h e
tion to beat the computer ster level and the person ZX-99. t o E4 9 .9 5 . T h e
at the monster level play- who wr ote t he program reason, s a i d t h e s a le s
ing both first and second.
has not passed the beast.
manager Nigel Boyle, was
A de a dline i n e a r l y
Awari was developed as "because Sinclair brought
January h a s b e e n s e t a teaching a id a nd wa s down prices to around E10
because o f fears tha t i t adapted for micros when cheaper than the ZX-99".
may not be possible. If no- home computing began to
Boyle sees no difficulty
one has provided a solu- take off. It is based on a in continuing to sell Z.X-81
tion by then, the prize will West A fr ic a n ga m e i n - add-ons.
go to the person nearest to volving distributing beans
"The ZX-99 makes the
winning.
between seven cups.
computer more advanced.
Staff a t Understanding
Entry forms a r e avail- Even i f t h e machine i s
have managed to win only able w h e n buy ing t h e black and white it gives it
playing first a t the mon- cassette.
data retrieval."
Colour Genie launch
THE COLOUR Ge nie i s
another computer t o b e
unveiled a t the Personal
Computer W o r l d Show.
The machine has been produced by Lowe Electronics
of Matlock, Derbyshire,
and will cost E199.
The new computer will
have 16K Basic ROM and
16K o f user R A M . T h e
typewriter-style keyboard
is s im ila r t o pr e v ious
Genies.
The machine c a n us e
up to 1 6 colours on the
screen with a resolution
of 1 6 0 x 9 6 f o r gr a phics characters. The r e
are 1 2 8 programmable
try system for which the
Sinclair machines ha v e
become famous.
As w i t h t h e Sinc la ir
machines, the Ace can be
used with a domestic television set and uses an ordinary cassette recorder
for back-up memory. The
basic unit ha s only 3 K
RAM.
The screen is memorymapped w i t h a 2 4 x 32
character fl ic k e r - f r e e
display and user-definable
high-resolution graphics.
The cassette int e r f a c e
performs a t 1 ,5 0 0 ba ud
and ha s a Ve r ify command.
It also has a programmable s ound generator.
"We hope it will be louder
tha n t h a t o f t h e
Spectrum," said Vickers.
The Ace will be manufactured b y T W E le c tronics. I t has a n expansion socket a t t he r e a r
which the designers hope
to us e f o r peripherals,
RAM expansion and a colour board. The machine
was due for unveiling a t
the Pe r s ona l C om pute r
World Show in September.
,pv
1the leaders
L I E t a l , r ; a U z l i j in ZXgames
t!
Masterchess
i
t9f
r
o
ol
n
r
y
o
uOthergreat ZXgames and add-ons
Mikro-Gen:
A/D ConverterBoard
rfrom
SpaceInvaders
SBreakout
pBomber
Joysticks
eScramble
Disassembier/Monftor
cSorcerer's Castle
t
r
u
m
the program
for the
real player!
The makers of the original ZX Chess have now
produc e d the most adventurous and enjoyable
chess program you can buy for your Spectrum
Ten levels of play + graphic display of board + can change sides or
level in midgame + set board to any position + scrolling
history of moves 4- copy display & history to printer at any time
+
can save game
at any
point + displays
your Clock
moveso and
thene'
computer's
+ PLUS
tournament-style
Chess
rev ers
*
MSS PROGRAMSAVAILABLE
EASILY ONE
.• OF
u THE
s qMOST
m POW
, , ERFUL O N L Y
toar
y c a s p
E 9 .
9 5
the best you can get, with
ever-increasing rate of play
with seven bat angles to make
it really difficult
Oositively addictive
the fastest arcade-type game
available
takes you into a world of
magical adventure
Above gamesaui ',replied on ,-_assetie.
wah library case
E315 sad
Lets you connect analogue
loysticks to the ZX81 digit al
input s Suitable for many other
applications, easy to connect and it improves RAM pack
stability'
ONLYE.18.50
Connec t via our A/D Boardmakes your ZX81 a true
programmable games
mac hine
ONLYE9.50EACH
•
An absolute must when
learning mac hine Codelets you enter and run your
own code
ONLY£3.95
Write for full details of the NA kro-Gen range 01 programs and add-ons,
available from local stockists or direct from the manufacturers (please make
ch e q u e S/ PO's p a ya b le t e M ikro •Ge n a n d a d d 4 0 p p o st & p a ckin g )
Si-tDbliers ol Software io S r i c
ia r
Lliii;b4
ZX Spectrum
20 Programs £6.95
The ZX Spectrum has brought advanced
computing power into your home, The
Cambridge Colour Collection, a book of
20 programs, is all you need to make it
come alive.
No experience required. Sim ply enter t he
programs from the book or load them from tape
(E2.95 extra) arid run.
Amazing e f f e c t s . A l l programs a r e f ully
animated using hi-res graphics, colour and sound
wherever possible.
Entirely original. None of these programs has
ever been published before.
Proven Quality. The author already has 30,000
satisfied purchasers of his book of ZX81 programs.
Hours of entertainment
• Lunar Landing. C o n tr o l the angle of descent
and jet thrust to steer the lunar module to a safe
landing on the moons surface.
• Maze. F i n d your way out from the centre of a
random maze.
• Android N i m . P l a y th e Spectrum a t th e
ancient game of Nim using creatures from outerspace.
• Biorhythms. P l o t t h e c y c le s o f y o u r
Emotional, Intellectual a n d Physical activity.
Some would say this is not a game at all.
Improve your mind
• Morse. A complete morse-code training kit.
This program will take a complete beginner to
R.A.E. proficiency.
• Maths. Adjustable t o various levels, this
program is an invaluable aid to anyone trying to
improve their arithmetic.
Run your life mo re efficiently
• H o me A c c o u n ts . K e e p i n g tr a c k o f y o u r
finances w i t h t h i s easy-to-use p ro g ra m w i l l
enable you to see at a glance where the money
goes and plan your spending more effectively.
• Telephone Address Pad. Ins t a nt access to
many pages o f information.
• Calendar. D i sp l a ys a 3 month calendar past
or future, ideal f o r planning o r tracing p a s t
events.
ORDER FORM:
Send Cheque or P.O. wit h order t o: Dept. D.. Richard Francis AloNasser, 22 Foxhollow, Bar Hill,
Cambridge C B3 BEP
Please send me
El Copies Cambridge Colour Collection Book only E6. 95 each.
El Copies Cambridge Colour Collection Book Et Cassette
£9. 90 each
Name:
Address:
24 Agar Crescent Bracknell Berks RG12 2BK
Tel: Bracknell (0344) 27317
12
SI NCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
iJs
a t c c! . t 1 o n 51 v a b l
ic•CC
, 3 1 1 "
I1
r 0l t
e7d
‘c
0
4
,
Doubt over accuracy lest
IN HIS letter in the August
issue, M P Campbell refers
to the consecutive application of sin, cos, tan. a rctan,
arccos. a n d arcsin — to
get b a ck t o th e original
value — as a check for the
accuracy of a calculator in
handling tr i g o n o m e tr i c
functions,
That artifi cial test is not
a good one as i t can give
poor r e s u l t s w i t h
calculators w h i c h a r e
satisfactory f o r handling
complex t r i g o n o m e t r i c
functions in real problems.
Campbell q u o te s a h a l f
percent e r r o r o n C a si o
calculators a n d 3 3 p e r cent e r r o r o n S i n c l a i r
calculators. Using a starting value o f pii4 (45 deg.)
my 1 0 0 - s te p p r o g r a m mable N o vu s ca l cu l a to r
does not even complete the
sequence a s a n i n termediate re su l t i s o u tside the permitted range of
the argument fo r the next
function.
When th a t te s t i s a p plied to the ZX-81 your correspondent sta te s: " Y o u
will be amazed and aghast
alternately at the results",
You m a y b e amazed,
because the ZX-81 h a s a
much b e tte r ca l cu l a ti n g
ability t h a n m o s t d e s k
c a l c u l a to r s , b u t y o u
should n o t b e a g h a s t
unless y o u overlook t h e
argument a n d r e s u l t
ranges for which the functions are valid.
For example, sin p114. sin
3pii4 and sin 90/4 all give
the value 0.70710678 (SQR
2)12) b u t a r c s i n
SINCLAIR USER O c t o b e r 1982
0.70710678 g i v e s p i / 4
(0.78539816) because th e
result o f a rcsi n mu st b e
one value and is therefore
limited to the range-pi/2 to
pi/2.
If the sin cos sequence is
started w i th 3pi14. i t w i l l
finish with p1/4.
C. Cuthbert,
Penwortham,
Preston. Lancs.
Rooting for
family trees
I SHOULD b e g ra te fu l i f
you would let me know i f
there is any software suitable fo r recording family
trees designed f o r ZX-81
plus 16K R AM. I may b e
wrong b u t I th i n k th e r e
may be more to such a program t h a n a si mp l e r e corded list.
I Gross.
London. N12.
•teVe have n o t seen a n y
programs fo r family trees
but perhaps readers might
be able to help.
Program
points cleared
I READyour magazine with
interest and always try the
programs in it. Only about
four out of every five work;
for instance, T i m Crossley's p ro g ra m f o r Sn a p
contained several errors.
First. I believe l i n e 1 1 0
sh o u l d r e a d : 1 1 0 I F
INT(C12)= C/2 T H E L E T
B = 18
Also i f B a r i s p ri n te d
1
after the word cherry, you
get a new word —BARRRY.
Inserting the line:
120 PRINT AT .0.0,B;AS:
" (3 spaces)
instead o f line 120 deals
with the problem.
One of the problems for
any magazine i s th e general p ri n ti n g o f th e p ro grams. I k n o w t h a t t h e
quality of some printers is
not 100 percent b u t I am
sure h a d l i n e s co u l d b e
printed a g a i n , i n c l e a r
letters. Take fo r instance
Tim C rossl ey's p r o g r a m
again; I could not tell what
line 110 read — the fi rst
+ , if it is a plus, whichI believe is " = ", is very confusing.
Alex Clark,
Lichfield. Staffs.
Black Tack
error code
IN PUBLISHING my letter
regarding Black lack in the
lupe issue, an e rro r crept
into lines 20 and 50. They
should read:
LET CA = I N T (RND * 13)
+2
Ted Maynell,
Penrith, Cumbria.
Adding 16K
can be easy
removing the memory expansion.
I h a v e fo u n d , o n m y
ZX-81 a t least, th a t is not
true. You simply load the
program, r u n i t o n c e ,
'break' i t and run it again.
It should work perfectly.
I have bought every
issue of your magazine and
I think i t is great.
Andrew Smith.
(aged 12).
Harlow, Essex.
Plea for notes
on listing
I LIKE your magazine very
much; I find livery helpful.
There is still a great deal
which I fi nd very baffling
but tha t is probably m y
fault. I have tried some of
your p ro g ra ms b u t t h e
clarity is not very good.
In a program there must
be notes on what the lines
do, s o i f th e re a r e va ri ables w h i c h c a n b e
changed to alter speed and
numbers, I ca n d o so. I t
helps i f I co u l d b e to l d
whether t o m a k e t h e m
smaller o r l a rg e r; I fi n d
that a n e a s i e r w a y o f
learning programing than
wading t h r o u g h h a n d books a n d th e i r useless
examples.
Michael Jones.
Delivery
difficulties
I SOMETIMES have problems o b ta i n i n g S i n c l a i r
User, Could you inform me
where I can buy it?
John Durant,
I HAVE read that i f a program has been SAVED by a
computer w i t h o n l y 1 K
RAM and subsequently a
16K RAM has been added
the 1K program could not
be r e - l o a d e d w i t h o u t
3
Lowestoft. Suffolk.
•Thebest way is to takean
annual s u b s c r i p ti o n .
A l te r n a ti v e l y y o u c a n
order i t fro m yo u r newsagent. q u o ti n g o u r ISSN
number, 0262-5458.
Clive Sinclair gives his views on the future
of the Western civilised world to a British
Mensa symposium in Cambridge
Computers will bring
a new Golden Age
Sinclair R e se a rch , C l i v e
A
Sinclair i s c h a i r m a n o f
British
Mensa, a n exclusive c l u b
S
whose
members
h a ve IQs w h i c h
W
reach
the genius level.
E
In
a
speech a t the Mensa Golden
L
Ages
symposium a t Cambridge.
L
Sinclair
outlined his ideas fo r th e
a
future,
not of his range of personal
s
computers
b u t o f th e We ste rn
civilised
world. He said: " I intend
b
arguing
e
that the most Golden Age of
man's
history
may well lie before us,
i
if
w
e
ca
n
only
move i n th e ri g h t
n
direction."
g The new age would need to be
h
triggered b y a n event w h i ch w i l l
e
startle society. The trigger. Sinclair
a
explained,
w o u l d b e so me th i n g
similar
to the invention of writing or
d
omoving type. He said: "Both of those
developments
reduced th e cost o f
f
data transmission b y a fa c to r o f
100."
He saw leisure, or periods of time
not occupied by formal work, as an
opportunity to broaden the mind. If
the trigger occurs at the proper time
individual, a typ e o f philosopherprince, e .g ., Pe ri cl e s, Au g u stu s,
Lorenzo de Medici, Elizabeth I and
Louis )U V.'
In business operations. Sinclair
seems t o r e g a r d t h e p e r s o n a l
approach best. One man at the head
of a company. He has stressed that
approach m a n y t i m e s t h r o u g h
Sinclair Research, so that now he is
as famous as his machines, whereas
o th e r m a n u f a c t u r e r s r e m a i n
masked by their company exteriors.
During h i s s p e e c h S i n c l a i r
referred h i s ideas t o th e present
day. He saw the Golden Age as being
very close. Some o f th e features
which marked the Golden Ages o f
the past could be identified within
our time. That could place us on the
threshold of a new Golden Age. To
demonstrate it, Sinclair returned to
the idea of a trigger.
"Is there a trigger? It so happens
that a n o th e r hundred-fold re d u ction i n the cost o f data publication
and transmission is about to occur.
A single 12in. diameter optical disc,
being developed f o r use w i th T V
'I believe that our move away from the
industrial t y p e o f organisation w i l l
restore the potential of the individual'
and th e Golden Ag e a rri ve s " t h e
body of men arises which can tu rn
its attention to matters other than
necessities. Thus wealthy patrons
produce the great flowerings of arts
which are a feature o f the Golden
Ages.
"Equally, th e Golden Ages a r e
o fte n m a r k e d b y o n e g r e a t
14
can, re ma rka b l y enough, co n ta i n
the information of 10,000 books and
that disc w i l l cost not much more
than a few books — almost, in fact, a
thousand-fold reduction in costs,"
The reduction i n costs a n d th e
innovations i n mass marketing are
compared t o w h a t Si n cl a i r ca l l s
"the potential o f th e i n d i vi d u a l ".
Until now, society has accepted that
people w i l l w o rk together i n large
groups. People w o rk i n large companies, th e y commute i n to to w n s
and cities every working day. That
massing of the working population is
the motive force behind the present
state of the economy.
Sinclair said: W e have for some
time been passing through a great
i n d u s tr i a l a g e i n w h i c h t h e
economic b a s i s o f s o c i e ty h a s
demanded the bringing together o f
people i n g r e a t n u mb e rs, m a n y
thousands p e r f a c t o r y , m a n y
millions per city. I believe that our
move a w a y f r o m t h i s t y p e o f
o rg a n i sa ti o n w i l l r e s t o r e t h e
potential of the individual."
Individual h u m a n p o te n ti a l i s
something Sinclair seems largely to
favour. While Sinclair Research is a
company, like many others, where
everyone pulls together. i t i s sti l l
mo stl y a o n e - m a n o p e r a t i o n .
Sinclair i s t h e m a n w h o defi nes
what he wants and lays-out the timetable fo r its development.
That style of operation has so far
proved successful, fi r s t w i t h th e
ZX-80 and ZX-81 and now with the
Spectrum. Th e hundreds o f fi rms
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r 1982
-•••••
•
d •d• •a•l. i-t .6 .7 1
. ,1 e f
..•
.
‹ . . . W
/
.
• tm
. l., . .. .
". 0
.
1 1. 1 1 .
. 1
.
"
I
"
'
d
i
t
,
S
1
•
• add'
'mo
n
0
0 r"
.
.
.
.
I C . . . Z% I 11.
S E NO
de
,....
.
.
d
.
,
r
e
_
- a r
4
...of „
d
or
..d
——
....—...,
_____ .
-; lil the
Lorenzo de Niedici. Elizabeth I anti Louis XI V were pat rons ol eut her golden ages. Wi
computer be the pat ron of the next?
1 radiwhich giv e s uppor t t o Sinc la ir automated systems a r e now
microcomputers would also seem to cally cheaper than manual costs."
The r e s u l t i n g f a c t o r1s o f
prove his point to be correct.
Sinclair sees the new Golden Age unemployment due to technological
1
as being a time of the mind, with less innovation a n d automation w i l l
stress put on the body and building leave the population with a1lot of
culture rather than labouring. H e spare t i m e i f pr e s e nt t r e nds
feels t ha t a nothe r Golde n A g e c ontinue . I f t h e n u m b:e r o f
requirement is an abundant supply
of pa t r ons , p e o p l e w h o c a n
appreciate, as well as create. art.
"We h a v e a we ll- e duc a t e d
population, a society which reveres
the arts, and have become a world
centre for music and for the written
word.•"
The reason for the swing towards
cultural pursuits is marked with the
stigma of a current curse on society.
Sinclair said: "We have potential
artists, partly for the sad reason
that w e h a v e t h r e e m i l l i o n
unemployed; this is not a passing
phase o f recession b u t a t r e nd
which will last until the end of the
century. during which I expect the
manufacturing industry to shed a
further seven million jobs and for
the proportion employed in manufacturing to decline from some 42
percent of the population to less
than 10 percent. This will occur as
SINCLAIR USER O c t o b e r 1 9 2
unemployed rises to more than 90
"Many, if not all, of today's young
people will always work for small
organisations a n d inde e d m us t
found them. W e must encourage
people to follow this route if we are
to create futur e employment —
whether i n high technology, i n a
revival o f a class, o r i n service
industries."
Sinclair foresees a new 'creative
endeavour'. Pe ople a r e e x pe r iencing new technology, seeing what
it can do for them. I t can relieve
them of manual tasks so that they
can use their minds more fully.
Young people were just beginning
to le a r n a bout n e w technology.
According to Sinclair. the learning
process would only be the beginning. Learning t he techniques o f
putting ink on to paper was only the
beginning of writing creative prose
and poetry — learning to communicate successfully. Learning about
new technology through machines
such as the ZX-8I and the Spectrum
which, because of low prices, were
within the reach of nearly everybody, was the beginning of a process
which may le a d to wha t Sinclair
believes is a new Golden Age.
devote
the bulk of our time to the
B
production
of objects, I can see the
e
plateau
of
a
Golden Age before us.
c
Certainly
we
may need inspiration
a
u
s
e
w
e
n
and
o leadership, great building, a
bridge over rather than a tunnel
l
under
the Channel.
o"Early in the next century we will
n m a de intelligent machines
have
g
ending
for a ll time the pattern of
drudgery
e
— with them we can start
the
exploration
of the universe. It
r
may
be
tha
t
Western
civilisation,
n
seeded
in seventh-century Ireland
e
is only just about to flower."
eTo some, Sinclair's ideas may
d like science fiction but some
seem
t
cynics
said that a machine like the
o
Spectrum
was not possible only last
year.
'Early in the next century we will have
made intelligent machines ending for all
time the pattern of drudgery'
percent it may be necessary to redefine the term altogether.
The type of work people do would
change drastically. A new concept
of work would have to be created.
That is where culture and the processes o f the m ind would enter.
People would have more time t o
learn and so understanding of many
areas of science would improve.
"We must change the pattern of
expectation — no longer to prepare
people f o r a life-time*s wor k i n
major organisations but to give them
the self-reliance for a broader role
in smaller groups.
1
5
•
Use your computer in the case...
Foam rubber gives complete protection...
Purpose-built for the ZX system...
E L- 11
•
de
MB
Znal & Spectrum
Custom Cases.
Just E 3 4 •
95
""
a
t
•
Eno
•
I I
•
•
• — —M
• E6 JEI N
111111Ma
•
•
•
.
•
•
•
11D F f - J V
2, 10 -P R
1 IN T
1
0N E X T I
4 0 PR I N T AT 11 , 0
2
2
Turn your ZX system
into a portable computing centre!
Your ZX hardware -ZX81 or Spectrum is designed to work together as a system.
And now there's a simple way to make
the most of the fact.
The portable computing centre
in a briefcase.
A ZX Custom Case holds all your
hardware in the most ergonomically
sensible positions for easy operation Each
ZX Spectrum
Custom Case
now minable!
".
'
1
l
a
1
••• mr
A
me ow MP
1
t
aar M a Ji b MO
1
1
•
1
1
• dir ail
I N O E O M I MP
1
M
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
1
1
piece of equipment is gripped securely by
shock-absorbing foam. Each connecting
lead fits under the foam, so there's no
chance of tangles. And as each piece is held
firmly, connections are excellent.
You can forget wasted time setting up or
unhooking the system, too. When you've
finished, simply tuck in the mains and TV
leads and replace the hinged, lift-offl id.
And of course, if you're taking your ZX
system to college or the office, ZX Custom
Cases are a lot less cumbersome than a bag
or rucksack. And a lot more protective and
professional.
Designed by ZX enthusiastsfor ZX enthusiasts.
Both the 1,X81 and Spectrum Custom
Cases were designed by a group ofZX
system users and manufactured by Britain's
leading case makers. Made from impactresistant ABS, each case holds every piece of
Sinclair hardware available for the
respective computers p lu s Learning Lab,
manual, software cassettes and any cassette
player up to 1 0
1the hardware, simply leave the pre-cut
. 2loam
" xin position, then remove it as you get
extra pieces of equipment.
5 1 And
/ 2 when
" . brand neW hardware is
I introduced,
f
or you upgrade from ZY81 to
y
o simply
u
Spectrum,
contact us for a replacement
foam
h ainsert
v forjust 9 5 (+p&p).
e n ' t
Send for your ZX Custom Case -now!
ZX81 and Spectrum Custom Cases are
guaranteed for two years, and cost just
,C14.95 (+p&p) each. Remember you could
pay more for an ordinary briefcase.
To order, simply use the FREEPOST
coupon. Or if you have a credit card,
telephone 0276 62155, Mon-En, 930-5.30.
COMPUTEX
CASES
Computex Cases (IBS), Stanhope Road,
Camberley, Surrey, GUIS 3PS.
ile a , : alloy. 2S day, lor de live r" 1 4 LI a, mone .-t, a tk anderiaktnit
F :.amberley, Surrey, GUIS 3B11
r
i'1a c
: L3 e
,
:I L2
C 6Please
5
send
a me
•
tp3r. Spectrum Custom Case! s
e, letAIS tn.; i:,2.00 post, packing, insurance.; each 62.
o sat1:
0a 0
d
mn• lam:lilac
N u t ) P.0 (OIL
mmade payable
p in Commie a ellbCV
pg
n imy Arc:cal./Vise
u • Pi ease debit
aL,t,unt nu.
t
i ,
• Please delete as appropriate PL EASE PR I N T
e
p
a Signature
i
C Name: MrlhissiMiss
c
a
Address
k
.
t
i
i
n
(
g
SI7S 210
J Reg in England nu:99128El
.
Zeta software e m
aims at schools
SOLENT S O F T W A R E
Engine e r ing L t d , o f
Brookvale, Wa te r wor k s
Road, Otterbourne, W i n chester SO2 2DP produces
the Ze ta r a nge o f e ducational software, whic h
Solent states ha s be e n
fully-tested and developed
by middle school teachers
in Hampshire.
Eight t i t l e s w e r e
provided f or review, o n
high-quality c a s s e tte s
which ensured first-time
loads; 1 6 K R A M i s
required.
Each program is litera tur e -s uppor te d w i t h
comprehensive operating
instructions, a description
of the game, how it works,
what it does, and how to restart it after a break. Full
marks f o r s uc h a good
documentation.
Graphs d r a w s b a r
charts of the class birthdays. It ran well and, like
a ll t h e o t h e r Z e t a
programs, is very robust. I
would, howe v e r , h a v e
liked to see a more general
graph-drawing program,
with provision for copying
the results to a printer.
Depth Charge and Zilog
are ordered triple (X,Y,Z)
and ordered pair (X,Y) coordinate games. In Depth
Charge, a submarine has
to b e hunt e d w h i l e i n
Zilog a n incoming spaceship must b e destroyed.
The games a r e good but
the gr a phic s dis pla y s
could have been a little
larger.
Spell Inv a de r s t e s t s
words set by a teacher, up
to a limit of 10. A word is
displayed, t he n blankedout; t h e c h i l d h a s t o
"spell" i t b y s hooting
letters o f t h e alphabet,
Space I n v a d e r s s t y le .
Three incorect letters only
are allowed.
It is a very good game,
which would ha v e be e n
even be t t e r w i t h s om e
means o f printing-out a
certificate w i t h na m e ,
score and words tested on
it.
Oxo-. Oxox a nd Oxo
are simple mathematics
games based on noughts
and crosses, w i t h sums
displayed o n t he boa r d,
two c h i l d r e n p l a y i n g
against each other to win
the game by solving the
problems and thus getting
a row of their symbols. The
only trouble with the game
is that you may have difficulty getting the children
using it to let someone else
do so.
Reaction Test is a compu
in which letters are
tgame
e
displayed
and the appror
f
a
m
i
maze
game called Puckman.
Y
o u must imagine
l
you
are a small humanoid
i
scouring
t h e maze f or
a
magic strawberries which
rkeep at bay the monsters
itrying t o de v our y o u .
s
There
are many monsters
ato make it exciting and you
can
work up a good speed
t
dodging
round t he
i
corners.
o
Both cassettes a r e o n
n
16K. costing E5.95 each,
and a r e available f r om
Hewson Consultants, 60A
St M a r y ' s S t r e e t ,
Wallingford, Ox on OX1 0
OEL.
Flights of fancy from Hewson
'
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
SINCLAIR USER O c t obe r 1982
BUDDING AVIATORS can
test the ir skills wit h the
Hewson Consultants Pilot
— not a game but a flight
s im ula tion p r o g r a m .
There are seven modes —
including landing, heading
towards a beacon, taking
off — a n d point s a r e
awarded for correct execution of each manoeuvre.
Tired pilots can choose the
A utola nding m ode , i n
which the computer does
everything f or you. Nonfliers abstain.
The s a m e fi r m a l s o
offers a n above-average
priate keyboard letter has
to b e p r e s s e d . T h e
response of the children is
timed.
At E5.75p each, or E42
the set, these may seem a
little expensive. That is not
so. Solent Software states
in i t s l i t e r a t u r e t h a t
"where the original pur chaser i s a s c hool o r
college, additional copies
of the programs may be
made f o r us e o n ot he r
computers only within the
said school or college."
Considering t h a t t he y
worked we ll, a nd taught
specific things, the set of
programs would be a good
addition t o the software
library of any school, Particularly as you would not
have to rely on only the one
set of tapes.
Byte Man in
the Mindseye
MI N D SEYE o f f e r s g o o d
value with three games on
one 16K cassette for E2.95.
The t i t l e g a m e i s B y t e
Man, in which a cheerfullooking monster chases
you round a maze littered
with food pills. The aim is
to score points by eating
the pills before the monster — a nd his brothers
and sisters — eat you.
You have three lives and
the computer w i l l e nte r
your s c or e , s o s e v e r a l
people can play.
Space Fighter is a fastmoving s hooting ba t t le
against swarms of enemy
spacecraft. You will need
quick wits and fingers to
obta in a h i g h s c o r e .
Finally. Bomber, a simple,
absorbing game, in which
you ha v e 3 0 bombs t o
destroy a dam. Different
parts of the dam are worth
continued on puge 18
17
Vggt,
-t
continued f rom page 17
varying numbers of points,
so some careful planning,
as well as accurate bombing. is needed to improve
your score. The Byte Man
cassette i s obt a ina ble
from Mindseye, 12 North
Grove D r iv e , Leeds, W .
Yorkshire, LS8 2NI.
Episode 4 by
Michael Orwin
MICHAEL O R W I N h a s
built a r e put a t ion f o r
value-for-money software
and his Cassette 4 offers
quantity as well as quality.
There are eight games on
the cassette, s e v e n o f
which are in machine code
and s i x o f t h e m a r e
arcade-type games.
Guns i s a marvellous
moving graphics version of
the Gunshooter game, for
one or two players. Bullet
speed and skill level can be
e nte r e d a n d e a c h
gunslinger ha s s ix shots
per r ound. I n t h e one player game, the computer
would give Clint Eastwood
a run for his money.
ZX-Scramble is another
arcade game; you tr y t o
manoeuvre y o u r s h i p
through a c a v e w h i l e
bombing t he enemy a nd
shooting t he ir defending
fighters. E v e r - popula r
Invaders a n d G a l a x y
Inv a de r s a r e o n t h e
cassette, along with Life,
3D-Tic-Tac-Toe, Funga loids — a moving graphics
bombing g a m e — a n d
Snakebite. a n or igina l
graphics c h a s e g a m e
which can be tailored by
the player.
Cassette 4 costs E5 from
M ic ha e l O r w i n . 2 6
Brownlow Road, Willesden,
London NW 10 90QL.
Roll over,
Beethoven
V. HAYNET of Streatham
produced a n entertaining
program called the Multi.
sequencer. I t h a s o n e
major disadvangage — its
almost incomprehensible
instructions.
Once loaded, each key
plays a different tune, part
of a tune or sound effect.
The s ound e ffe c ts a r e
mainly space or laser guntype noises and the tunes
range f r o m a b i t o f
Beethoven to Star Wars.
The sound quality is similar to that of a Casio-tone
organ.
It i s a ls o possible t o
make keys play a tune of
your o w n composition:
and. i f y ou de c ide t h e
second not e o f Sailors'
Hornpipe s hould b e F
sharp, i t i s possible t o
change it.
This machine code program whic h loa ds fi r s t
time compares favourably
to other similar programs
on the market. It is available from V Haynet, 1 0
Ashlake Road. Streatham,
London SW16.
PS
PERSONAL SOFTWARE SERVICES. 112 OLIVER STREET. COVENTRY CV6 5FE.
ZX-81 OWN ER S - Y OU CAN N OW
LOAD/SAVE 16K IN 29 SECS
WI T H THE I NCRE DI BLE ()S AV E P ACKAG E F ROM PSS
* V eri fy successful saving of program s * Compatible wi th your existing recorder
* No hardware m odifi cations needed * No extra p o wer supply necessary
* NO M O RE WAS T E D TI M E WAI T I NG FOR P RO G RAM S TO L OAD OR S AV E
OSAVE comes in t wo parts: A H A R D W A R E s i m p l y plug the CISave amplifi er' filter
between your existing tdpe recorder and the 2X-81 lall leads supplied).
B S O F T W A R E - load the ()Save cassette before you load
a tape or key in a program. You can then save and reload a full 16K (including RAMTOP) in only 26 seconds,
LE. A data transfer rate of 4000+ BAUD compared wit h only 250 on the standard ZX-81.
CtSave also gives your ZX•131 a verify function just like
the Spectrum whic h allows you to check that your programs have saved properly,
REVOLUTIONISE YOUR PROGRAMMING NOW FOR THE ALL INCLUSIVE PRICE OF E15.95
Make cheques P/O 's payable to PSS. Full money back guarantee. Nor mal delivery within 7
ZX SOFTWARE FROM PSS
14 d a y s .
We also have the widest range of high quality software for the ZX-81 available anywhere. Whatever your needs we have the program for
you. From a superb version of Puckman to a compiler of a complete Word Processor package y o u need look no further than PSS. In
addition, all of our software is available through the ZX Software Library. For a once only payment of E5.50 you can have any five of our
packages lf10 for ten). You take one tape at a time and make your own copies — save yourself Cs on list prices. Send 2 first class stamp.,
for a fully detailed catalogue of all our products.
113
SI NCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
1
,44 1-44 U.4 144 L4•4
114 ' 1
4
s
E
s
tid ac- u
ccuEL
a_
a - cid
ag
c
s
1
E
N
c
t
1
:
5
mmmmm
,.
_in
nAl:I : '
30, V O V V i i4 q1 i ° ° 2 1 7 4 !
I 'pf.,-4?
t k i 2 , 5 0 4P
. .‘ E
i
l
tot
. . . t . t a
_
4 5 , - 19 - 41 .- 22 1
0 fi s h' i a i l l i
A: l7 i- t1 ;
,
s - t 4 §1 M „
2
?,gEt
4.3',
”t,
5
I , 7. LA4 t
0
•M
,w
L 4 1 4 0 0 Z
M
•
SINCLAIR USER O ct o b e r I 982
19
NEWSOFTWARESUPERMARKET
YOUR ONE-STOP POSTAL SHOP FOR ALL THE BEST
1X81 PROGRAMS. FROM E4.50.
Now you can order the very best Z.X8I programs with lust one
postage stamp We've started SOFTWARE SUPERMARKET to make
it easy for you to buy more programs. Arid, to help you choose.
we've selected the games we've enjoyed most: games that give
lasting pleasure. games that stretch the ZX8I.
All games need a 71481 with16K Ram.
th tAzo Gs (Bug Byte) E9.95. "Great:
Weekly
Its a maze game
- s a i "a
d grossly
P o addictive
p u l agame':Weagree.
r
with
great
graphics.
'h
u
ll
really
feel
you're
running
through the
C
o sword
m pin hand.
u t 3 idifferent
n g variations on this one
maze,
tape
Great value.
2- WO MA N. 1 DLL) E5.95."Very user-friendly...a fast and interesting g a me (Sinclair User) A very good version of the famous arcade
game. If you're skillful, your name and score are displayed in the
Zuckman Hall of Fame for your friends to admire.
13D MONSTER MAZE.(I.
incredible
K. G r e ..and
y e ) the
. game is very good indeed." (ZX Computing.)
Until
you've
seen
E 4 . 9 5 . the full-screen tyrannosaurus rex chase you
through his 3-D maze, you won't believe it either.
"
T
h
e(I_K, Greye). E4.95_ 4.3D
DEFENDER.
g
are
created
r
a
as
p
the
henemy
closer...another winner." (Sinclair
A ma z in g
3 - draws
D
User).
WItch
through
your
spacecraft
windows as the alien craft
giattack
rc ainsastonishing
p h i c 3-D
s detail.
ea&TRADER.
f
f r (Pixel)
e
c
t The
s most astonishing graphics as you
E10.50
e
travel round 6 planets. This is a 48K game but only needs I6K Ram.
The print-out alone is 6frimetres long l Usually starts with a 25second Test load
6.THE VC ARCADE PACK (Control technology). E4.95. A brilliant
collection of fastmoving machine code arcade games. Two kinds
of invaders, one traditional, the other swooping, soaring Gala xians.
Plus 6 more games, including a great graphic. Astonishing value.
7. VOLCANIC DUNGE13N. (Carnell). E4.50. One of the great adventure
games Rescue the princess, if you can. It took us 3 months - and
we never got bored... Fast, single-key entry: map included. PLUS
a good graphic HANGMAN game: 400 word vocabulary (or enter
your own words) Our children's favourite.
&THE DAMSEL. AND THE BEAst ( Bug Byte). E6.50. Another exciting
adventure. Find the damsel, then kill the beast (club and torches
provided), lead the damsel out before she starves But wait until
she screams... 3 game variations.
9. =OTHELLO. TM (M.o.)) E6.95. "Recommended without reserve...
it is a superb opponent." hiour Computer) The classic board game
in its very best computer form. You'll see plenty of 'Reversi' listings,
but this program makes it as challenging as chess.
ZX CHESS IL (Artic). E9.95. "The seemingly impossible has
happened - you can play high resolution chess on a Sinclair'
(Card VG.) The strongest ZX81Chess Game around, All legal moves:
32 opening moves, 7 play levels - 4 within competition time limits.
(Full Board Graphics available with Ouicksilva CHR Board).
To order these games, please complete the coupon
ADDRESSES ABROAD, please add 20p per E for extra p&p.
PROGRAMMERS! If you would like us to evaluate your software for
possible future inclusion, please send cassette, price list.
r
I have a toK ZX81 Please send me the programs indicated below
s I enclose a cheque.'PO for E ( t o t a l order value) made payable to
T Software Supermarket
I
181.111
Name IMr/MrsiMiss)
D
S Address
O
Postcode
F
ADDRESSESONLYFOREIGNADDRESSESADD20ppetE
T K
PRICE NOORDERED TOTALPRICE
W PROGRAM
E995
A ' 1 MAZOGS
ES 9 5
2ZUCKMAN
R
E4Q5
E • 3MONSTERMAZE
E495
430DEFENDER
S
E950
Ur
E49S
6THEZXARCADEPACK
P
T
E4 SO
E • 7VOLCANICDUNGEONHANGMAN
E6 5 0
R R 8THEDAMSELANDTHEBEAST
Et, 95
M A 9ZXOTHELLO
CO95
A D T.ZYCHEC5"
rDTALORDERVALUE E
R
E
K
E R
T
20
,
8
THE BOOK
YOU'VE
BEEN
WAITING
FOR!
Programming
rur
ZX SPECTRUM
BY TIM HARTNELI AND WPM% JONES
Examines and explains
every function
on the ZX Spectrum
Just £6.95
Interface.
Dept. SC
44-46 Earls Court Road,
London W8 6E.J.
Please send me the following:
( P r o g r a mmi n g Your ZX Spectrum - t 6. 96
( A sample issue of INTERFACE, t he mont hly ZX magazine
published b y the National ZX Users' Club - 11.00
( G e t t i n g Acquainted wit h your ZXI31 - 15. 95
( 2 0 Simple Electronic Projects for the Z.X81 - £6. 45
( M a s t e r i n g Machine Code on your ZX81 - 17.50
34 Amazing Games for the 1K ZX81 - 14. 95
49 Explosive Games for the Z X 8 1 - 15 95
I T h e Gateway Guide to the ZX81 and 21<80 - f 6 45
I enclose a total of t
Name
Address
SI NCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
hardware
world
Sound booster
for Spectrum
THE TELESOUND 82 audio
modulator by Compusound
can make a gr e a t d i f ference to the Spectrum.
The Spectrum has a builtin loudspeaker b u t t h e
reproduction c a n b e s o
faint t ha t i t cannot b e
heard except i n a v e r y
quiet room. The Telesound
82 amplifies the sound by
sending it with the video
signal to the TV set, where
the amplifier a n d loudspeaker c a n m a k e t ha t
small sound deafening.
All sounds produced by
the loudspeaker can be reproduced, from the BEEP
command t o t h e c lic k
sound emitted from every
key. There a r e only t wo
connections to make inside
the Spectrum. one to each
of the two wires going into
the video modulator, and
that i s a c h i e v e d b y
crocodile clips.
The jack plug provided
is then plugged into the
EAR or MIC socket and the
unit is i n use. Y ou c a n
obtain the Telesound 8 2
from C om pus ound. 3 2
Langley Close, Redditch,
Worcs., price E9.95.
Haven has
16 colours
HAVEN HARDWARE has
produced a colour board
for the ZX-81 which can
provide up to 1 6 colours
for each of the character
squares. The colours are
POKEd into the top part of
the 16K memory into 1K of
on-board memory whic h
retains the colour.
The position in memory
SINCLAIR USER O c t o b e r 1982
varies with the movement
display file and so must be
calculated every time it is
POKE&
Only one internal connection has to be made, as
ULA and it requires only
four connections t o t h e
ZX-8 1 . T w o o f t h o s e
connections a r e made to
the power supply and the
other two are obtained by
soldering a wir e to each
side of a break which is
made i n t he video le a d
going i n t o t h e v i d e o
modulator.
The video signal is also
made sharper on the TV
Lander Mic ro Systems LMX EPROM programmer.
all the other signals a r e
obtained from the expansion connector. Mor e details can be obtained from
Haven Hardware, 4 Asby
Road, Asby, Workington,
Cumbria CA14 4RR. The
cost of the colour board is
E39.95 as a k it and E49.95
as a ready-built unit. A ll
prices include V A T a nd
postage.
Video inverter
rests on VLA
D FRITSCH has produced
a video inverter kit for the
Z.X-81 which rests on the
screen by the use of a n
amplifier instead o f t he
usual integrated c ir c uit
gates. A switch is provided
— w i t h a template f o r
cutting the hole in the back
of t h e Z X - 8 1 — f o r
switching between normal
and inverse video as the
ta pe L O A D i n g a n d
SAVEing cannot be seen so
clear in inverse video.
The price in kit form is
E4 and for E7.50 the unit
will be fitted to your ZX-81
for y ou, including V A T
and postage. Contact D
Fritsch at 6 Stanton Road,
Thelwa ll, W a r r i n g t o n .
Cheshire WA4 2HS.
Programmer
for EPROM
LANDER M ic r o Systems
has produced a n EPROM
programmer for the ZX-81,
called the LMX. Using a
pr inte d c i r c u i t b o a r d
which plugs into the back
of t h e ZX-8 1 , t h e pr ogrammer can be used as
an EPROM card containing 2K of pre-programmed
memory (ROM) or t o r e program a 2 7 1 6 - t y pe
EPROM.
To r e - p r o g r a m a n
EPROM it first has to be
treated w i t h ultra-violet
light to clear all the bits to
is. It is then inserted into
the b o a r d a n d a 3 6 V
supply made up from four
PP3 b a t t e r i e s — n o t
provided — applied.
A s p e c i a l k e y boa r d
overlay and program tape
is pr ov ide d whic h w i l l
allow you to step through
the a ddr e s s e s i n t h e
EPROM and change them.
The de v ic e covers t h e
whole o f t h e 8 K - 1 6 K
memory space. The LMK
system a s a k i t costs
E17.50 including post and
VAT from Lander Mic r o
Systems, 3 2 Clockhouse
La ne . C o l l i e r R o w .
Romford, Essex RM5 3Q).
Tel: Romford 26325.
Toolkit from
Orme
ORME ELECTRONICS has
a 2 K EPR OM whic h
contains a Toolkit f or a
ZX-81. The EPROM card
which takes the EPROM
can be bought separately
from the EPROM at E9.25.
The c a r d contains one
socket for the EPROM and
an extension board to plug
in other equipment like the
continued on page 22
21
continued f rom poke 21
16K RAM pack at the back.
The Toolk it c onta ins
routines s u c h a s r e number, block delete, hexto-decimal conversion and
vice-versa. READ-DATA
and loa d machine c ode
from tape.
The E P R O M a l s o
contains a fast version of
the games o f L i f e a n d
Breakout. A l l t his costs
0 .2 5 . C onta c t Or m e
Electronics at 2 Barripper
Road. Camborne, Cornwall.
Cornwall.
Custom Cases
packaging
CUSTOM CASES packs all
your ZX-81 o r Spectrum
equipment into one port-
3 n
able briefcase, 1 9 in. x
14in. x 41/2in. The case is
filled w i t h polyurethane
foam and has cut-outs for
the computer, printer and
RAM pack a nd, whe n i t
a r r iv e s , t he Z X
Microdrive.
The f oa m i s covered
with a red nylon finish and
looks very attractive a s
well a s us e f ul i n t h e
a lum inium -fr a m e d,
plastic-covered briefcase.
The case is lockable and
keeps the ZX system neat,
tidy and ready for use at
any time by plugging-in the
TV leads a nd the power
supply.
The cost of the case is
E36.95, including VAT and
postage. f r o m C us tom
Cases. C us tom H ous e ,
Britannia Road, Waltham
Cross, Herts.
i ' J Iguias
- PROFESSIONALLY WRITTEN Et
PRODUCED SOFTWARE FOR
J 1THE
1 9 HOME
. 1 1 COMPUTER
r tFrom
a iM Et . Evans the author of :
MDEFENDER
ON StTE
z R aMAZE
t
F o r the ZX81
comes a game for the S P E C T R U M
Cobra brings
out interface
AN RS232 interface for a
printer is available from a
new company specialising
in Z X equipment. Cobra
Computer Services, a t a EAST LONDON Robotics
cost of E30. It works from has produced a 64K addthe Z X power pack a nd on RAM board for a 16K
can b e us e d w i t h most Spectrum costing E50. I t
RS232 printers to produce fits inside the Spectrum in
graphics and text.
the sockets provided for
Cobra is also offering a the Sinclair 3 2 K boa r d.
business c ons ult a nc y The RAM is in two banks of
service for those who want 32K and is switched over
to use a ZX machine on the by a n O U T instruction.
basis o f a c o m p u t e r LEDs indicate which block
system. The company will is in use.
Contact E a s t London
be a ble t o put together
packages for users involv- Robotics, Finlandia House,
ing dis c systems hi-r e s 14 D a r we ll Close, Ea s t
graphics a nd printers a t Ham, London. f o r y our
low cost. Contact Cobra at 80K Spectrum. Tel: 01-471
378 C a le donia n R o a d , 3308.
Expansion for
the Spectrum
ZETA TEACHING PROGRAMS
ZX81 1 6 K
A Ra nge o f Professionally Produced
Programs for Junior & Middle Schools
Ages: 8 - 12
ZES1 S P E L L INVADERS b a s e d on the Space Invaders theme, this
encourages children to improve their
spelling
ZSK1 R E A C T I O N TEST : improves key board familiarity.
ZMG1 G R A P H S
ESCAPE
Can y ou fi nd t he axe t o break
down the exit door of the maze
and ESCAPE. The maze is
inhabited by 5 hunting dinosaurs
including a TRICERATOPS who
has the habit of hiding behind the
hedges, and a PTERANODON
that soars over the maze to s woop
down on you.
Send to NEW GENERATION SOFTWARE
FREEPOST, Oldland Common (no stamp regd. in UKI
BRISTOL 9S15 6BR
or for I NS TA NT CREDI T CA RD sales ring 01-930 9232
PLEASE SEND ME A COPY OF ESCAPE FOR THE 16K
SPECTRUM. I ENCLOSE CHEQUE/P.O. FOR £4.95.
Mr/ Mrs
Address
P
o
s
t
Code
22
London N 1 M Y ( m a i l
order only) for a brochure.
enclosing a SAE.
:
used as an electronic blackboard to diov,
bar charts 'level 1 S,M P.I
ZMC1 D E P T H CHARGE : practice in ordered triple c o
3 dimensions while hunting enemy
submarines.
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
e
s
i
n
ZMC2 Z I G O L
:
practice in ordered pair c o
2 dimensions on a space-shg) theme
ZMA1 0 ) ( 0 + a d d i t i o n lest
ordinates
ZMA2 O X 0 -
r
n
subtraction test.
ZMA3 O X 0 x
Price Each Tape
Full Set
:
multiplication test
E5.75 incl. VAT
Please add f 1 for post Et packing
1
4
Pfease tick whic h cassette
fequAred
2
.
HSI
SPELL I NVADERS
ZMC2
ZIGOL
C
ZMA1
OX0 +
ZSK1
REACTION TEST
X
ZMG1
GRAPHS 1
ZMA2
OX0 MCI
DEPTH CHARG
E
ZMA3
OX0 a
i
n
Name
c
Ad d re ss
l
.
Please m a ke ch e q u e / PO p a ya b le t o So le n t So f t w a re En g •n e e n n g L t d . a n d
V le . Wa t e r w o r ks Rn a d , Ot t e rb o u rn e . Win ch e st e r
post t o : SSEL . St o u lkva
S021 2DP
A
T
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r i 9d2
Z X 9
•DATAPROCESSING
9
O
•RS2F
32CINTE
RFACE
R
•SPE
TCIALFEATURES
H
E
S I
N C
L A
data-curette,
I R
D N
a C
•
l 1
l 7
ft AUTOMATIC TAPECONTROLLER
The ZX99 gives you software control of up to four tape drives
(two for reading, two for writing) allowing merging of data
files. This is achieved by using the remote sockets of the tape
drives, controlled b y USR statements o r commands.
The ZX99 has an RS232C output allowing connection with
any such p rin te r using the f u ll ASClich a ra cte r code (yo u can
now print on plain paper in upper or lo we r case, and u p to
132 characters per line) a t a variable baud rate up to 9,600
There are so many special features it is d if fi cu lt to list them
all, fo r example:
AUTOMATIC TAPE COPY: You can copy a data fi le regardless
of your memory capacity as it is processed through the Sinclair
block by block.
TAPE BLOCK SKIP: Without destroying the contents of RAM
DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION: To assist in achieving the
best recording settings.
We now have available "Editor 99", a quality word processing
program including mail-merge, supplied on cassette for 0 , 9 5 .
Also following soon:
* Stock Control (October)
• Sales Ledger (November)
•
Debtors Ledger
The ZX 9 9 contains a 2K RO M wh ich acts as an extension to
the firmware in the Sinclair ROM. The ZX99's ROM contains
the tape drive operating system and the conversion to ASCII
for the RS232C output.
There is an extension board on the rear to plug in your RAM
pack (larger than 16K if required). The unit is supplied with
* Business Accounts
one special tape drive lead, mo re are available at El each.
•
Ta x Accounting
Dept.SU6 Data As s e t t e , 44 Shroton Street,
London NW1 6 UG. 01-258 0409
•FERGUSONCASSETTERECORDERE28inc.p&p.
Tes ted w i t h Z X81, A c o rn , B B C, Dra g o n etc . etc .
Features : D i n , Ear, Mic . and Re m o t e sockets,
Tape Co u n t e r, To n e Co n t ro l, B u i l t a n Mic . ,
Aut os t op_ B a t t e ry / ma in s . Re c o m m e n d e d by
A c o rn f o r use w i t h B B C c o mp u t e r.
44. Sh ro t o n Stre e t
London N W i
Te l 0 1 - 2 5 8 0 4 0 9
•ZX99SOFTWARE
•STARDP8480
RS232C(SERIAL)E285plusE6
Securicor delivery
C
ENTRONC
I S(PARALLEL)E265
plus E6 Securicor delivery
•1
This prof es s ional p r in t e r wo rk s w i t h almos t any
c o mp u t e r w i t h v ery g o o d u p p e r and lo we r case
ty pefac e.
• B i-d ire c t io n a l
•
Eto c o lu mn w i d t h ( 1 0
•- S
p wit
a pc hea br le
) - Tr a c t o r o r Fr ic t io n Fe e d
• 8 0 chrs, p e r s ec ond
•BBCCA1
SSETTELEAD
,
7 COMPUTERCASSETTES
7 p in p lu g t o t w u 3 . 5 m m plugs and one 2 , 5 m m plug.
O nly E2 inc . P & P.
O t her leads av ailable - pleas e t elephone.
•2P
,0R
0N
SE
HR
EP
EA
TP
SE
OR
F
I0T
E19.50plusE3.50p&p
•E690REVOLVINGCASSETTERACK
Single - £ 2 . 9 9 (holds 3 2 tapes o r 2 0 in cases)
Do u b le - E 5 , 9 9 (holds 6 4 tapes o r 4 0 in cases)
Tre b le - E 8 , 9 9 (holds 9 6 tapes or 6 0 in cases)
Q uad - E 1 1 . 9 9 (holds 1 2 8 tapes or 8 0 in cases)
FRDERFORM
Code
A ll plus E l p & p .
u
m
s o = m o o um
Dept.SU6 D a t a - Assette, 44 Shroton Street,
LondonNAM6UG0
.1-2580409
No.
Item
Price
P&P
Total
High q u a lit y , s c rew as s embled cassettes s u p p lie d
wit h lib ra ry box es . A n y lengt hs av ailable.
C5 - 35p C 1 0 - 37p C 1 2 - 38p
C15 - 39p C 2 0 - 41p C 2 5 - 43p
C30 - 44p
Cheques / PO made pay able t o St or loos e L t d
- aC
imh
i x oat r g e
P&P 10% (min charge E1.501
SINCLAIR USER O ct o b e r 1982
Signed
I
A
d
d
r
e
s
s
N
um.••• •••
my Ac c es s /Vis a N o
a
m
▪
E I M
e
M
i
n
EMI
23
? ) .
\
a
t
t
S
"
C
P
.
0
A. V
'1
?
.
*
#
C
)
i
x
0
.0)
6
0,
(
I C qc‘ 6 ' i'
. , 0 1V'''e:
N
4
1 A4CHANCE - with tyour Sinclair ZX 81
GIVE Y O UR (
CHILD
and our pr ogr am s - award
- winning softw ar e fr om
4
' ' Richard
David Fisher' and
Marriott k
i
BOMBERc E\6 •0 0
They have fun. learn their tables andecom e back for
more. Si ncl ai r Educational Awar d Winner 1 9 8 2
t4 ;
;
k .
‘ *
‘
C
S
A
\
*
0
O
<
C
BIGSPELL C 6 -0 0
The near est a dum b micro can com e to teaching you
to spell_ S i ncl ai r Educational Award Winner 1 9 8 2
They
A can envoy learning their al phabet all in big
chunky Sinclair graphics. 'ALPHA will teach them to
L
m atch "capital" and "small
how
-P l e to
t t use
e r sO WE RTY keyboar d.
a
n
d
H
Cheques
's payable to: Fi sher -Mar r i ott Softw ar e
s
h
oP . O w
9c Abbey Hill Kenilworth_ CVO 1 LW
tA
h
e
m
"
C
6
•SPECTRUM GA M E S rOn161c
CartaiStle
platy•VtlfriP,
A0
IR P OR T r hos Lvold bd
ALIE N S e a r c h for the ahen h!.,.
the
maz e o f air duc ts on the
,
orghltherre A s a member o f the
spacecraft.
Y our only we a pon is a
airport
..!
0 grOundstaft your task is l e
allataltNO the S uCteatiful landing of a n
hamothrower s o prowess careltrally as
Success retires on your sloe la id
aircraft but beware the r e are r oa m
obstacles in your pa th
judgement
Foe animated mstructions included with each game
,
BOTH ON ONE CASSETTI FOR ONLY (495
BATTLESHIPS Et CRUISERS 16K•ZX81
First computer yersion ot th e popular d e s t r o y the computer a fl eet V e s ta l
game ot strategy and tactics S o r b d o s p l a y shows Tars and misses ,
grids
n a d ion
r n e w together E stablish the a n d gapes running sctoe
r• °Char. o f your head the n locate and
ONLY 14.95 09901
G R A P H I C S
T O O L K I T 22 corcitiong M A C H IN E C OD E
ro,,tales M a l give you upntror m o t v o w screen as never oelore
,IZX81 -16K RAM ONLY)
Draw . Undress
P r i n t
posdion controls S c r o l l Fa r a dic ; O n l i C r e e n Ofts !• .• .
,
Foreground
On.'Crti U P , DOVVka LE FT, U P S C A O L L B a C i g r o u n c l On t i l t
Border
.'Unborder
R
I
G
H
T
..
Editpront
m o vSe a C
ne s tRLE FTS
aw
Fill screen
Ro I
G
H
T
O CLR OLL
C S Sq euwa er re. dr
and
Reverse
screen P R I N T paartron to torsi
r
erld fine
oA l the m routines are in ' ,whom , code for S UP E R FA S T response' GRAP HICS
iTOOLK
. IT uses only 2K o f your R A M a nd tha t orodurtes space to loa d thy
oprograrnrnees ' WOLK IT described bekoka
ALL FOR ONLY 13,95 ($11.901
.
o
iAn ESSENTIAL addition to your 164( RAM 1k81
24
STAn
SOCCEli
AN E X C ITIN G NEW GAME
FOR TH E ZX8 1 ( 1 6 K )
ALL T H E ACT I O N O F RE AL FO O TBALL
)11v1-•• PASS
— S HO
OT —
BBLE
— TACKLE
CORNERS
— FRE
E DRI
KI CKS
— THROW-INS
*
Y IN
OU
HI P
GLAN
H SPEED
THE GRAPHICS
MOVES — SEE THE PLAY
*
MAT
ANDCHE
1 2 S* S
BETWEEN
TAR
1 2 TOP CLUB SIDES
•
W
O THAN
R L DA SIMULATION
MORE
C
U
P
S 'AQtrulyUoriginal and absorbing game'
A
D
S
*
M
O
R
ON LY E5.95
E
T Please make cheques and postal orders payable to
H
A
N I, Ivy Cottages, Long Road West. Dedham. Essex CO7 6E1
A
Allow 14 clays for delivery
N
A
R
C
AOK S P E CTRUM + E42.50 =
LIKI .1 fu r l i t . LA 81 w s t v e n o w
48K S P E CTRUM
D
done it To
,E t hon
Add
e memory a t a n amaz ingly lOwo
:atce
Z XIncrease your TEA to a m a s e r ,.
the
ONLY
G
S r< worn
P
E
32K
RAM
BOARD
A
C
MERGE whe n your entre 321C R A M
Using fewer c om pone nts on a Iv or
T
BOARD arrives withran 21 days
M
quakty
doubre sided board tO give
tnstaltaloon is sombre t h e mown
R top performance. telestalory a nd
you
Sitting is completed m lust a fe w
E
economy
U
M INIM S w i t h the aid of a screwdriver
WZit,011 60114 r c tScry icci Ltd.
You
M can sally on wr iting larger
programmes
in sections ready to
,
NO SOLDERING.'
FOR 16K SPECTRUM ONLY 1
A.- r e k o te m t
,
5 4 2 18K RAM P ACK
CONO4 2TECH
d lim
o fe the E o
We be
o m
est
low
and econorrocal way to
-TechCis the
. R; A M
power'
e• oand your ZKE tt
sayese
nor m 18K
f
r
,
available
N
o
N
L
Y
r
)
t r o l l s
g
l VV.th
u
a d sva n ce s in rn icro t e ch n o t o g y w e a re n o w a b le t o o rt i, i
A
t
D or i v e t having enhernal diertensionti
u
no larger m a n the l e tt R A M
a
Same
g
quality
as
the
le
K
R
A
M
be
tow
r
e
l
i
ONLY C62 95 ($119 95!
hot giving
rnas,nre olertlefa 10 your
a
b,
l
e
M K RAM P ACK
1
E
1
4s reviewed in 'Your Computer March 82
16K R A M P ACK
Jude simply rho hes! C o m o a t i b I e w i n
T O O L K I T
nadataa plus FREE p r i n t e r
Allen Attack • I7 K
N o wobble ;emblems
P r o v i id
Elenurntme
n cel u d i n g H y p e r graphics m ode c o d e a nd together to . .
GOTO
s F r a s c r e e n
up only I K o f your
M c ode l o n cassette G o l d pr a te l e dge
s
and
GOS
..rlue IS 75 !$ i t CIO/ “ a c c e i c t o r tor perfect
T
h UeB a R e v e r s e screen p r e c i o u s R A M a n
Search
wa it i n c r e d i b l e
I b u i l t . te s te d a nd c o n t a c t with your i n t
M
e and
o kmt T a p e
Search and r e pa id, A l l these roulones are a c h i e v e m e n t .
guaranteed N o i r v i a l l y despatched
w
i
n
g
,Free space w r o t t e n in machine
' AP S trai startg p o we t * w r e n t o d ay% o f
' K 1 0 1
ONLY f26 50 r$49 951
soPPIV ,
FOR
161(
•
ONLY
(495
1$9
901
1 E 1 4
M in
,
a act and packrng
All lancers are fully inclusive of pe
1 4 0
000ras CUSTOMERS P t EASE NOTE A . ! P lartE S ACE APPLiCARTE FOR EXPORT INCLUDING
o AIRMAIL POSTAGE P AV M E N! k la v BE kakoir oki stE llotragoM ONTy ORDER
f
a
c ,ArLAILE AT YOUR BANK! DO VOU01 OWN Li S CKE DUE . MADE PAYABLE TO IRS SOFTWARE DeS P AICH NORMAL! T S FP • • ,
m
i
l
i
E CE IP T
O F
V O U t t
°
R
O
S
A
a
t
i
e
I
s
r e
c e
i p
t
19 WAYSI DE AVENUE, WORTHI NG, SUSSEX.
131913 3JU Tel ephone: I0903)
o
f
y
o
u
r
o
r
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r 1982
starting from
scratch
Come to the ZX-81 with a clear mind to
make the best use of your new machine.
A lifetime's obsession
can easily be acquired
start of a lifetime obsession
B
with home computing. I t is
U
easy.however, t o b e c o m e
discouraged
if everything does not
Y
go
to
plan
from
the beginning.
I
For
thos
e
w
i t h only a l i t t l e
N
knowledge of computers and their
G
capabilities, t h e b e s t w a y t o
aapproach the Z.X-81 is to abandon
Z
any ideas for special uses. While the
X
basic machine is ideal for learning
-how to use computers, it is too small
8for any major uses. I t is better to
1become accustomed t o the many
facilities and then decide how you
cwish to use them.
a Begin by unpacking the machine,
novercoming your surprise at its size
band we ight a n d , following t h e
emanual, set up the system. I f you
tcannot get the K on the screen,
hcheck tha t everything is plugged
into its correct socket and re-set the
e
machine by pulling-out the power
plug for a second and try tuning-in
again. If still nothing appears, check
the power supply unit by shaking it.
If it rattles, return it. If it is satisfactory, check your system with that
of a friend.
Once the K appears you are ready
to begin learning about the ZX-81. It
can save family _arguments if you
can afford a separate television set
for your system. It also makes life
easier if you can find somewhere to
leave your equipment set up permanently. You will find that a few
power sockets a r e needed a nd a
four-way block connector on a short
length of extension cable will help to
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r 1982
tidy trailing leads. The manual is
written i n gr e a t de t a il a n d i s
reasonably easy to follow. Some of
the c h a p t e r s m a y n o t s e e m
immediately r e le v a nt b u t i t i s
worthwhile reading them a s y ou
might m is s something whic h i s
important.
Patience is needed at that stage to
learn t h e w a y s i n w h i c h t h e
computer will accept information. It
is tempting to try to enter programs
before you are really ready but that
is lik e ly t o le a d t o errors. F o r
example. words like AND. THEN,
and AT should not be typed-in letter
by letter. B y t he tim e you have
reached chapter 1 1 . y ou should
have accumulated sufficient knowledge t o be a ble to type-in other
people's programs. such as those in
Sinclair U s e r a n d Sinc la ir Pr ograms. without too much difficulty.
It is important that when using the
machine it is not jolted. Some of the
connections can easily work loose
and everything which has been put
in will be lost.
The manual is not to everyone's
taste and if you fi nd it difficult to
follow, a number of books on the
market can help you. Find the one
which suits you best.
As a way of relaxing, you can buy
some o f t h e gr owing r a nge o f
commercially-produced software.
That c a n be loaded directly from
cassette but make sure tha t your
machine is big enough to take the
tapes y ou buy . The r e a r e some
programs for the tmexpanded 1 K
machine but most of them require a
16K RAM pack. The tapes vary in
quality. It is advisable to read the
reviews i n Sinclair User a nd use
your judgment to find the best.
An alternative method to learn
about the Z X
deep
end and see what the computer
will
do.
8 1 i sRefer to the manual when
you
t ohave difficulties. You can ignore
the func tions a n d calculations
p l u n
initially and experiment with PRINT
g
e
statements
to obtain the feel of the
imachine.
n
a You m a y ha v e he a r d a lr e a dy
t
about
t h e pr oble m inv olv e d i n
SAVEing
t
h a nd LOADing your own
cassettes.
The manual again gives
e
detailed instructions but many of
the e a r ly machines w o u l d n o t
accept tapes from some recorders.
That problem is said to have been
overcome but there can still be difficulties.
They u s u a l l y o c c u r w h e n
LOADing tapes recorded by other
people. One simple method to overcome this is to wind the tape to the
middle o f the program a nd type
LOAD" " followed by NEWLINE;
then slowly increase the volume of
the recorder with the tape running
until the television screen shows
four or five thick horizontal black
bands. If you then re-wind the tape,
the program should LOAD normally.
Finally, a health warning. Apart
from any practical uses, computing
with your Z X
taining
h o b b y a n d i s a lm os t
certainly
habit-forming. Y ou may
81
easily
c a nfi nd yourself crouched over
your machine, red-eyed, in the early
b
e of the morning, thinking that
hours
a
in another five minutes you will sort
v
e problem.
r
out the
y Try to break that habit by getting
the fresh
air and meeting other
einto n
t
Sinclair
users.
•
e r By obtaining a ZX-81 you find that
you have joined a not very exclusive
club w i t h m a ny thous a nds o f
members, many of whom would be
only too happy to advise you if you
have difficulties.
Make sure of your regular copies
of S i n c l a i r U s e r a n d S i n c l a i r
Programs a n d you can be guaranteed many happy hours with your
Sinclair machine.
25
THE PROFESSIONAL ONE
ZX81 THERMAL PRINTER
The Computer Printer high speed matrix printer combines
contemporary printer mechanism design with advanced
microprocessor based VLS I control electronics
and distinctive functional styling.
• Professional high performance
40 column line printer.
• Attractively styled durable
housing.
• Tot a l interfacing.
• Quie t operation.
• Graphics capability standard.
▪ U s e s Olivetti dot matrix thermal
print mechanism.
E L o w cost thermal paper supply.
E Pr ic e includes ZX interface and one roll of paper.
E94.50
Inclusive of ZX interface and one roll of paper.
Please add E16.47 to cover postage, packing and
VAT (total E110.97).
Please allow maximum of 28 days for delivery.
a l e
DEAN ELEC TR ON IC S LIM ITE D
Glendale
C
O Park Fernbank Road Ascot Berkshire England
Telephone
0344 885661 T e l e x
849242
M P
U T
E R
P
( •E1'
R
4
I
WITH THIS BACK-UP RECHARGEABLE BATTERY
PACK AND MAINS
FILTER.
110P
N
P)
NO MORE PROGRAMME CRASHES DUE TO MAINS
T FLUCTUATIONS AND/ TRANSIENTS
E
If you use or programme computers you know the frustration and problems caused by sudden drops in the mains supply or high voltage transients.
R
Hours of tedious programming can be lost in a fraction of a second.
Here at Adaptors and Eliminators, who are one of the largest suppliers of mains
D adaptors to the computer industry, we have developed this
Rechargable Battery Pack and mains filter.
I
• No more programme crashes due to mains fluctuations.
• In the event of a power cut your computer will run for up to 30 mins, allowing V
you to record your programme on a battery cassette, or print a
hard copy on your printer.
I
• The Battery Pack is also a useful source of 9v power, for use on radios, tape recorders
etc. Use your adaptor to charge overnight.
S
Operation could not be simpler. Plug the lead from your ZX adaptor into the socket on the Battery Pack (male or female are provided). Then using
I
the lead supplied connect the battery pack to your ZX Comput er or Spectrum.
O
ZX 130
BATTERY
ZX 81
N
POWER
TROUBLE FREE PROGRAMMING FOR ONLY C13-95 INCVAT
SUPPLY
PACK
—
SPECTRUM
The Battery Pack then provides instant back up o the adaptor leav ing you to programme wit hout fear of crashes due to the mains. (Poor mains
supplies are responsible for about 90% of all programming faults).
The pack is housed in a smart ABS case and comes complete with full instructions. No wiring required — jus t plug it inli
We urge you to protect your programmes
ORDER NO W — ONLY E13.96 + P I P
PLEASE NOTE this pack is suitable for all computers using a 9v supply but you may need to change the plugs.
FOR TROUBLE FREE COMPUTING ORDER NOW. MAIL ORDER ONLY
SEND TO: ADAPTORS AND ELIMINATORS LTD. K T H A M E S ST LOUTH.LINCOLNSHIRE
PLEASE SUPPLY ( W O
-NAME
A
D
D
40P/P
Rechargeable Battery Packs at E13 -95 + E 1
R
E
S
TOTAL
S
ALLOW 2 8 DAYS FOR DELIVERY MO NE Y BACK GUARANTEE I F NOT ENTI RELY SATISFIED.
26
SI NCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
T
•
if
416
&to m&
•
Ammmm
&
might b e a b l e to handle o u r
F
Minefields game fo r the 16K
ZX-81.
O
Y o u r mission i s t o s te e r
across
10 minefields a t a dizzying
R
speed
using cu rso r keys 6 a n d 7.
M
Cross
a
fi eld successfully and you
U
will
fi
nd
your next tri p will be
Lmore diffithat
cult.
A We found ourselves out of breath
O
after every excursion, because o f
N
the speed o r because w e w e r e
E
destroyed. Perhaps a l i ttl e PAUSE
rsomewhere.
a Submitted b y D G L o ma s o f
cDukinfielci Cheshire.
i
n
S=0
g
1 LE T
2 LE T
H=0
d 5 LET P=10
6 LE T
pt=le
r
10
8 FO R U=1 T O
g CLS
i
10 F R 5 T
v 15 FO R 1 = 1 T O 11+100
20 P RI NT A T I N T ( R N O * 2
e
RND,2-4)4-.511r 33 50 SN LEOX WT I
s 40 P RI NT A T R, O;;"•5"
0 44 12 FN OE XR T I =I 1 T O 2 0
2
, I N T
45 P RI NT R T
SO F O R T = 0 T O 3 1
55 L E T H = H 4 1
60 LE T P = P 4 - t I N E
$ =.
0 LET P = P 4 - ( P - t P 2 1 )
- 7
e5 0s =P R I N T R T
7 " -SO P R I N T A T P , T ;
) 1 60 0 L E T t i = P E E K f r r E E t t .
PEEK 1 5 5 S S
1 -1 0 I F E = 1 2 5 T H E N G O T O 1 . 5 0
/ -2 &
0 PRI NT AT
130 L E T P L = P
140 NE X T
2./ 41
m PRI NT AT 1 0 , 2
H
- .A V E 5 U R E D
42 P A T N T A T 1 - 1 , 5 " O N N I N E
-1
Wt .EE Ly L O G N E
Y
O
U
1.
SNCLAI R USER O c t obe r 1982
t
F / E L
", LI
143 FO R 0 = 1 TO 1 5 0
144 NE X T 0
145 NEXT U
145 GOTO 2 0 0
150 FOR R = I TO 1 5
155 P RI NT AT P , T ; A l
158 P RI NT R T
1 5 9 N E X T R.
150 P RI NT A T R , T
"
170 P RI NT A T l i a , a ,
- DESTROVEV
1 -7 2 P R I N T A T 1 1 , 5 " O N M I N E F I E L
H
A
V
E
O y" o
, Lu
1
75 L
E T E
5 = 5 + 1
b
E
1 180 FOR Y = 1 TO 1 5 0
ISO NEXT
195 NEXT U
200 C t 5
202 LE T
205 I F 5 = 1 THEN LE T R $ =
a
- -l e P R I N T R T 1 0 0 " Y O U H A V E H I T
2; 1 5 L E T D = H - t E * 5 3
220 P RI NT AT 1 5 , 0 ,
5 ,
2-" 3 0 P R I N T A T t e , s - D o Y OU w r s m
U RR G A I N T
T OV O
GO
- 2S 4 0 C I FO I NR K EEY S =
2
0 I F 1 N K E Y $ =
-21 5
0 GOTO /
-s 5
•
T H E N
W
T
N
G
O H TE O
5
7
0
P
2
4
0
eft
cf
2
1
that w e cannot te a r ourselves
I away to write the review. Ferry
F
passes. I t i s n o t a complicated
routine but the cursor keys produce
T
such an instantaneous reaction that
H
the game h a s a strange hypnotic
E
fascination of its own.
T The display shows one port at the
E
top a n d three a t th e bottom. One
S
point is awarded for each round trip
Tand an extra ship once all the cargo
o— 12 loads — i s transported sucfcessfully. C o n tro l t h e f e r r y w i t h
akeys 5 and 8. and do not go back to an
quay. Se n t b y Michael
gemptied
Simmonds f o r t h e 1 6 K ZX - 8 1 .
oGraphics notes:
o80 — G ra p h i c 4.
d135 — Graphic B, inverse space.
p
r
o
28
g
1 0 L E T T =2
20 L ET X = 0
30 L ET T = T 4 1
40 L ET G =2 5
50 L ET B =4
60 L ET C = 6
70 L ET D =C
60 L ET F $="o 90 L ET E = 2 5
100 L E T 6 $=
110 L ET c s . e t
120 L E T D $ = 5 $
125 C L S
130 I F 5 = 0 RND C = 0 RND D = 0 R N '
T >0 T H E N G O T O 3 0
135 PR I N T T R 5 1 0
RIB
; X
-1 420 5 P
R I N T A T I , 1 5 F $ , RT a e , a
$
T T• T2 R
; R
0 ,51 3 F •$ R T 2 0 , 2 3 , F $
11 5 04 P _R I N; T R T 2 1 , fl; 5 $ ( T O 5 ) A T
21,13; C$( T O C ) A T 2 1
"
0
A) 1 8 5 L E T E = I N T R . N 0 . 4 5 0 4 1
1
1
1
"
;
2 1
3 7; 00 F$O( R Z = T
40 TO 2 STEP - 1
Tl e e I F I N K E Y $ = 1 5
190 I F I N K E Y $ =
1 -- T H E N
2L 0 0 E
PLOT E , Z
6
210 NEXT Z
2E
6 NT H E N L E T 5 = B - 1
- 3 0 T I =FH E E= E
2- 4 0 I F E = 2 5 T H E N L E T C = C - 1
2L 5 0 IE F ET= 4 5 T H E N L E T D = D - 1
2E5 . 5 I =F 5 =E- 1 O R C = - I O R 0 = - 1 T H E
N 4G O T O 3 2 5
260 I F E = 5 OR_E=26 OR E=4 6 THEN
GOTO 2 5 S
262 GOTO 3 3 0
285 FOR Y=2 TO 4 0
270 I F I N K E
1280 I F 1 N t : E $ =" 8 " THEN L ET G=G4
1• e l : = L ' E
2
- 90 PLOT G , Y
295 NEXT Y
-3 0 0 I F G = 3 0 T H E N G O T O 3 1 5
T 1H0 EGNO- T4O= 3
3
E 3T 0
3
- 15 L ET X=X4 1
320 GOTO 1 2 5
C
1=F 5 = - 1 T H E N L E T 5 = &
.3 2 6 IGF C = - 1 T H E N L E T C = 0
327 I F 0 = - 1 THEN LET 0 = 0
330 PRINT RT 1 0 , 1 6 .
3
ET T T - 1
-3 44 13 L
FOP P = I TO 5 0
C
3 4R4 AN5E H
XT P
-3 4 8 I F T = 0 T H E N C L 5
E NE '
3 5 1 I F T=s zt T H E N P R I N T " G A M E
ED.SCO RE= 353 I F T = 0 THEN GOTO 1 0 0 0
, X
360 GOTO 1 2 5
1000 PRINT ‘RGAIN0e0141
1
- 020 LET Q $=/NREY$
1030 I F 0 $ =
1
0 I F 0 % =" " T H EN GOTO 1 0 2 0
-1 00 4
50 RUN
N
T
H E N
S
T
O
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r 1982
P
ART
IHMETC
I
T
2
1.
.teit
•74I f
*ilull!
' • *- I " 14
1
4t1i:b
o
o
1p
i
/
l
d
l
i f 4 1 p1
• 11 4
: 1
, 1i
t
i
•
dr
4.
BOUM
10 P R I N T
,
• A IM E
E S L? "L O .
20 I NP UT AS
PP UT BS
3O0 HI N
4. 0 I N P U T C s
50 CL5
6e 0 F 0
OR D= 0 TO 3 1
7W0 F O
; R E = 3 TO 1 5 STEP 6
SO P R I N T A T E , D ; " S "
90 NE X T E
100 NEXT D
110 FOR D= 0 TO 3 1
120 FOR E = 4 TO l e s r E p 6
130 P R I N T A T
14-0 N E X T E
150 NE X T D
160 P RI NT A T I
_
A
T
. AT P . 0 1 ; 1 0 " ; P r 1 0 , 0 ; " 0 " ; P T
"a0 LE T 5 = 0
- Al e7 o
LE T T = 0
; 190 LE , U = 0
P2 0 0 L E T Z S = A S
210 GOSUB 5 0 0
T220 I F K = J THE N LE T S = S + 1
1230 I F K= J THEN P RI NT AT 3 , 5 - 1
616" A T 4 - 5 —3.; " N " R I
, -2 4 -30 ,I F 3 =; 3 1 T H E N G O T O 1 0 0 0
e"2 5 0C L Ef T 2 5 0. SG =I : O
1 5SU B S O O"
t .2 T
70 I F K
= J THEN LE T T= 7 3 1
A
T
; 250 I F K= J THEN PRI NT A T 9 , T - 1 ;
; A4T 1 0 -, T - 1 ; " A " ; R T
S , T ; ; A T
-
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r 1982
-4*
Race a n d teach themselves
C
to add in the process. It is an
H
educational game for three children
Iwhich challenges t he m t o r a c e
Lagainst e a c h ot he r across t h e
screen. E a c h c or r e c t a n s w e r
D
advances their asterisk one place.
R
Seasoned programmers rnight try
E
tightening the listing and perhaps
N
adding a few extra graphics. Sent
w
by Janet Whittaker of Bilsborrow,
inear Preston for the 16K DC-81.
l
l
l
o
v
e
A
1
r
4
Alf
i
t
1
h
,
m
e
t C
i —
c C
1
2 9 0 I F T = 3 1 THE N GOTO 1 0 0 0
300 LE T ZS=CS
3 1 0 GOSUB S O O
320 I F K = J THEN LE T U=V41
330 I F K= J THEN P AI NT P T 1 5 , U - 1
;
- 3 4l -e0 , uI ;FA 5u1 3 1 T H E N G O T O 1 0 0 0
M 3 5- 0 G O T O 2 0 0
OO L E T G = I N T t R N D * 2 0
i S
505 LET H = I N T I RND* 20A
"510 LE T J =G +H
. 520 P RI NT P T 19, 0; 11$; ", UHPT I S
+
?
"
P5 5
I NP UT K
T5 3 0 I F K = 0 T H E N G O T O 5 6 0
154-0 I F t e . J T H E N P R I N T A T 2 0 , 0
6
DI
O U E T H I S 1
N 5' 5 M
0 GOTO 5 6 S
,
-O
560 P RI NT AT
a v e a . y o u
CAN
U VE O N. "
'4
. 10 1
-T- 5 5 5 P A U S E 2 0 0 •
15 7 0 P R I N T A T 1 . 9
H
"0
E5 8 0 P R I N T C P 1 2 0 , 0 ; " _
S0 ; %
R ‘912$ P R I N T A T 2 1 , 0 ;
"
N ; 600 RETURN
S
1000 P RI NT W E L L DONE. VOU HAVE
P
3
R D L
UN T H E
1
T0 1 0 S T O P
,E
I1 T I O N
R
5
A
C
IR
,
E
"
S
U
"
1
;
29
tIonal program tor the anelkpancled 7)(...61.1t is a good
I s A .
O concept-VI-1.e
t t
aser inpatst4, S ,Y. a
V nN
iN
d to direct D th r o a h a maze to the
N 7V a t M o n s th e Wa v, th e r e a r e
raaths monsters which va st
- 1 deadVi
.
be a p p e a s e d w i t h a c o r r e c t
i
ca
v e reachedOthe
lettera
s
s v011
I
c
a
al
n
e
e
ti
d
o
x
n.
l
c
e
a
100 - - S v e r ' spaces, two graphic
Ns, tnverse O. two graphic Ns-, icor
ph
spaces. graphic N, inverse
O. two 0g, rtw
a ioc
graphic N s . th r e e sp a ce s, tIN 0
t
w
o
graphtc
N s , invers
eNs., two graphic Ns, ON 0
egaphic
t s eNs. two spaces. two graphic
Ns,
ONj erse 0, tSINIO %POW Ns, three
,
spaces, graphiC N, itiNt etSe
kr epeat second %IDA); Vepeat ti r s t
30
SI NCLAI R USER O c t obe r 1982
f or wa r d g a m e f o r t h e
F
computer novice. It works on
[the unexpended LX-81.
S You a r e t h e e p o n y m o u s
fisherman. Cast with key F and, if
H
successful,
continue the game with
E
any k e y . F r o m C o l i n L i n k o f
R
Rickmansworth. Herts.
M10 — Space 0 ; space, inverse
A
space, graphic 7; graphic 3, graphic
N
1. graphic 5.
i410 — Graphic 3. graphic E, three
s
graphic
spaces. graphic W , t w o
spaces.
graphic
3 . inverse space.
a
graphic
1.
v
420
—
Ten
inverse spaces.
e
430 — Gr a phic R . nine inverse
rspaces.
y
440 — Graphic 2, inverse shifted V.
sthree inverse spaces. two spaces,
t
graphic
2. inverse space, graphic 4.
r
a
i
g
h
t
0
o,
o
43
•
•
t 0 4 :
o
1
2
3
4
10
00
1Y 0
21 0
21 5
30
3
•
0
" :
T 1
1
A
1
B 1
Y 1
N
; e140 I
" f E N
150 I
e 2
X 0 0 =G
t 2 2 0 P
" 2 3 0 L
2 4 0 G
3 0 0
I
HE
2 N GO
3
- 1 0 OI
320 C
S 3 0= R
3
" 0 0 3P
4
4
-– 1 0 P
4
T 2A0 P
R
430
f 40
4
4
e30
E t ;
SINCLAIR USER C k tuber 1982
L E T FI = I NT fRND*14A-0.5
L E T B=CODE " 2 "
L E T X = B
L E T Y=X—X
P R I N T T A B Y ;
0 " ; T A B
L E T B = 6 - 1
; I N T" A T Y , 3 ; " : "
P R
1 T A T R, E k " O •
P1 R I N
I. F Y = I R T H E N G O T O 3 0 0
I F I N K E V $ = " F " T I
F N O T X T H E N L E T Y=Y441.eR
FL e E= o T T H E N G O T O 2 2 0
O TYO : —
Lao
R I N T A T A , B ; "
—
E T 6 =CO DE " 3 "
O T O 1 0 0
F
B = V R L
-
3LIB 4 0 0
FR I N K E Y $ = '
L 3
L
UV N A
R I N T A T R
R I N T "
R I N T
P R I N T
P R I N T
RE TURN
T H E N
GOTO
3 1 0
•
•
31
1000
1010
1020
LE T
LE T
S = 0
K$ =
DI M
8 * ( 1 0 , 2 )
7 0 0 L ET M=0
1040 LE T N= 0
1050 LE T J = 1
1060 GOSUB 1 0 9 0
1070 GOTO 1 2 3 0
1080 REM BATTLE 5 HI P 5
1090 FAST
1100 RE M 5 E 7 U P BOARD
1110 FOR X = 0 TO 1 6 STEP 1 6
1120 FOR 1 = 4 TO 1 3
1 1 3 0 F O P z . =2 T O L I
1140 P RI NT AT 1, 4-4X; 1 1 5 0 P R I N T A T I . Z +Xs
1160 NEXT 1170
PRI NT P T I , 0 T P B
1 - 4
1180 NEXT /
1190 P RI NT AT 5 , 2 + X ;
1
2 S0 0C N
EEX F
T GX H I J "
A
D
1210 SLOU
1220 RETURN
1 2 3 0 P R I N T A T 2 1 , 0 ; ” TO E N T E R C O ORDI NATES P RE S S No
-1 2 4 0 I N P U T Z $
1250 FOP A=1 TO 4
L1 2 6 0 P R I N T P T 2 1 , 0 , K $ , AM 2 1
N
-0 T E P B A T T L E S H I P
1 2 6 5 I N P U T E $ ( R)
0
1 2; 7 0 "P REI N T P T C O D E ( 8 * ( A , 2 ) ) - 2 e 4 .
4 , CO DE ( 8 * ( A, 1 ) ) - 3 8 + 2 ; 280 NEXT A
61
1290 FOR R=B TO 8
-1 3 0 0 P R I N T A T 2 1 , 0 K S ; A T 2 / , 0 ; N
- 4
ET E P F P TO RTE "
1310 I NP UT E$4R1
1 3 2 0 P R I N T P T C O D E B $ I P, 2) ) - 2 e 4 4 . C O D E ( 5 * ( A, 1 ) ) - 3 6 + 2 ; F1 3 3 0 N E X T A
1340 FOR A= 9 TO l e
-1 3 5 0 P R I N T A T 2 1 , 0 ; t t $ ; A T 2 1 , 0 ; ‘ • E
NTER S UBMARI NE - ; R- 8
1 3 6 0 I N P U T 8 * ( A)
1370 P R I N T A T CO DE ( 5 $ 4 A 0 2 ) ) -2844, CO DE ( B $ ( 1
38et N E X T A
71
1 3 9 0 P R I N T A T 2 1 , 0 , K$ ; AT 2 1 , 0 ;
4. ,.W
1 I) LI L ) C H O O S E K Y C O - O R D / N A T E S '
I M2A $ ( 1 0 , 2 )
-1 4 30 0 8 D +
1410 FOP A = I TO 4
-1 4 2 0 L E T R $ ( A , 1 ) = C M R $ ( I N T ( R N D *
51 0 ) + 3 8 )
4 3 0 L E T A $ ( A , 21 = C M R $ L I N T ( R N D 4
-1
10) +28)
1 .•
school? Blunt pencils gripped
D
Iin
D grubby
Y OU p l alingers.
y Battleships
at
Hands
cupped around the graph paper to
prevent t h e o t h e r f e l l o w f r o m
cribbing.
We h a v e a n a l to g e th e r m o r e
elegant w a y o f d o i n g t h i n g s .
supplied b y M i c h a e l O w e n o f
Southport, Merseyside fo r the 16K
ZX-81. T h e d i s p l a y s h o w s t w o
boards, y o u r s a n d t h a t o f t h e
computer. P r e s s N E WL IN E a n d
enter the co-ordinates of your navy,
letter fi rst. When you have finished,
the s c r e e n w i l l b e m o d e s t l y
obscured while the machine lays out
its own battle-line.
Each si d e th e n ta ke s tu r n s a t
firing three shells into the midst of
the opposing armada. You do i t by
entering co-ordinates as above. And
England expects.
IM P
• • ill• •
• • 4 ••• ••
0 3
1 "
.
•
32
"
*
4
4
4
0
4
1
SI NCLAI R USER O c t obe r i t 8 2
6
1440 NEXT A
1450 C L 5
1460 FO R A = 5 TO
1470 LE T AS I A, 1 1 =CHRS
10)4.364
1460 LE T A S f A , 2 f . C H A S
1 0 )4 . 2 e )
. "/ 5ANK YOUR - :
1e.20
IF + 1 4 e N
( I N T
( R N D *
D I N T
( A N D *
1490 NEXT A
1500 FO R A = 9 TO 1 0
1510 LE T A S I A , 1 1 .
1
01438)
-1 5
20 LE T R S I A , 2 = C H A s ( I N T ( A N D *
C 0H) +R 2S 8 ) (
I
N
T
1
1
8 3R0 N IE X T
(1 5
1 5 AD
40 G 0 5 0
1 0 S* 0
ISSO FO R A . 1 T O 4
1560 P RI NT A T CODE ( 8 $ ( A , 2 * ) - 2 8 4 4,CODE ( M S f A , I ) ) - 5 6 4 - 2 ,
-1 7
1550 P RI NT A T 0,eW".e0uR S H/ P 6
67
1
- 590 FO R P1
-0
- 600 P AI NT A T CODE t e i s t R 0 2 » - . 2 e 4
4N. C O D E ( 6 1 1 A , 1 ) - S 5 4 - 2
-1 51 4 7 *T N O
EXT A
-E
1
5620 FOR A = 9 TO 1 0
F1
X6 3 0 P R I N T A T C O D E t 8 S i A . 2 ) 1 - 2 6 4 4-T, C O D E ( 5 $ A , I f f - S 6 4 - 2 "
540 NEXT A
.11
P6 5 0 P R I N T A T 2 1 , 0 , K S , A r r
5 UR G O
O
-1 6 6 0 P R I N T A T I 9 , 1 9 ,
T- 2 0 670 FO R E . L TO S
11
Y 6O8 U
1
0 P R I =N T A T 1 5 , 0 K S
21
5 06 9" 0H, L E TA G r - 1 5 0
E1 7 0 0 I N P U T c s
1710 LE T N.N4-1
"1 7 2 0 F O R A m l T O 1 0
,1 7 3 0 I F C S . A S f A ) T H E N G O T O 1 5 1 0
1740 NEXT R
H1750
CO DE
-11 77 67 00
*1 7 8 0
--1 7 9 0
1800
C 8C1 0
1
P R IN T A T CODE t c s 1 2 » - 2 8 4 - 4 ,
( C S ( 1 ) - S 5 + 1 5
LE T K=RND* * AND
P RI NT A T
1 , 1 "
P RI NT A T 1 , 1 5 , " H I 5 5 E D .
NE x T E
G O TO 1 9 6 0
I F G . 1 4 5 THE N P AI NT AT 1. 5, 0
0 " Y O U 5ANK
1E30 I F A< = 4
THE N
1840
AND
WO "
I F
F.1=5
PR IN T P T 1 5 ,
P AI NT
Ac = 6
'THE N P R / N T
18E0 I F
A
N
D
A * = 1 0 THEN FRI
t .
1 8 6 N
1
5 THE N LE T M=H+1
M8 7 0 I F 0 = I 4 5
0 THEN P RI NT AT CO D
e1I T5( 800* (I2F) - 12 =s -41. 4
.,co D e
U
1590 I F G =1 4 5 THE N P RI NT A T CODE
T T
13 ( 6 , 2 ) - 2 6 + 4 , C O D E ( D 6 f 6 . 1 * - S
( D
51 + 2 , 1 2
1900 I F H = i e THEN P AI NT AT 2 0 , 2 0
-5 0
LI TN " J V
1T 9 1 0 I F 5 = 1 0 T H E N P R I N T A T 1 9 , 1 9
;"1
1H
- .9 2 0 I F G = - 1 5 0 T H E N L E T A S 4 F 0 u
D30 I F 0 = 1 4 5 THE N LE T 6 $ ( A ) =
,I1E
0—
u
-N-9 4 0 L E T K = R N D . * * A N D * * R N D
1W9 5 0 G O T O 1 9 3 0 4 - 0 - 5
1L 9 6 0 P R I N T A T 2 1 , 0 , K $ ; A T 2 1 . 0
I
v
-E G O "
N
1
970 D I M D S (
T
H
1
=1 4 5
' 91 95 00 FLO TR G
13
6 = 1 TO S
5
, 000 LE T DI t(8 , I 1 =c HP $ L I N T ( R N E ,
2L
=
lo
4.3a)
VD1).
.2
5 010 L E T E , . $ 6 , 2 1 = C H R * I I N T tr oNV t.
10)4-2.5
4
2020 FOR p = 1 T o 1 0
1030 I F
2
c ,
,21 0
040 NEXT A
s 0m5 0) =P 6R $I NA T A T 1 , 1 = ,
2
.-T2 0 5 ' H P R IE N T A T C O D E
4.C6DE ( D $ ( 6 , 1 * ) - S 8 4 - 2 ,
N
2
- *0 6 0 P R I N T A T 1 , 1 6 , 8
G
O EEXDT . 6
t 0t" 7i 0s S
2
N
+
T 0, . 50 OP R I N T A T 1 7 , 0 ,
-2 0 9 0 G O T O 1 6 5 0
1 ,2 1D 0$0 t S A V E " E i A T T L E , F , H / P I P
62 1 1 0 G O T O I
-
"
SINCLAIR USER O ct o b e r 1982
33
10 P R I N T " I N P U T Y E A R , H O N T H
NO D A Y "
20 I NP UT AS
30 I NP UT 5
40 I NP UT C
50 LE T A=V RL A $ ( 3 TO 4 )
SO L E T A = R t i - / N T ( A e 4 ) + C
70 I F I N T ( V R L A g e
LE
- T A=A+4
80 I F / N T ( V AL A$ e 1 0 0 ) = I S THE N
1 T0 0A )= =
1 27
LE
A4
g
T 0 IHF VE R L N A $ / 4 = / N T ( V R L R $ •
A N D- 5 < = 2 T H E N L E T A = A - 1
100 L E T A $ = " 1 4 4 0 2 5 0 3 5 1 4 5 "
) L E T A= R4 V AL A$(15)
1 41 0
120 L E T R=R, r 7
130 L E T A = A - I N T A
1 4 0 L E T A=Ri 1 . 7
150 LE T R$="SATSUNHONTUEUEDTHUF
PI "
180 P RI NT A T 1 0 , 1 0 , A$ ( 1 4 - A* 3 TO
1 4 - A* 3 4 - 2 )
wizards, w e have a quick
E
method of calculating the day
,on which people were born. No
tongue of toad required.
O
Input the date — anything from
R
1752 to 1999 - and the computer
A
will display the day of the week on
which that date fell.
L
L Calendar is the neatest program
we have h ad o n thi s subject,
w
submitted by William Mitchell of
iWelton. L i n c o l n , f o r t h e
tunexpanded Z X - 8 1 . T h
programming
is well worth close
e
c
examination.
h
e
;•••;
s
1 L E T H=ta
5 L E T C =. 0
20 P R I N T ' D O YOU RE A D T H E M A N U
A L
w
30 I N P U T U $
THEN L E T C=C4-(RND
4 0 I F U t =a" V
?* 6 ) t 1
( Y 4 5 I F U $ =r " Y " T H E N L E T H = 3
50 P R I N T " D O YOU E UY A S P ANNE R
/l
N( ) 5 5 I N P U T 0 $
6 0 I F 0 $ =o" Y "
THEN L E T C=C4-(RND
"Y
+5)+1
THEN L E T M = M f 2
/ 65 I F 0 $ c
6 7 I F 1 D) - 5 T H E N G O T O I S O
N 70 P RI NT k "00 YOU S / NK A TREBLE
) G I N7 (1e/ N)
8 0 I N P U T svs
g0 I F QS = • • • •
THEN L E T C=C4-(RN0
*4)4-1
a
100 I F V $ = " Y "
THEN L E T M=1
1 1 0 P R I N T n" I T
I S A TREMBLER 5 U I
T C H . W I P E 1 T O -" , 8 - H
112 LE T Rm
d I N T 1( 4R- N1 O * 8 - M ) + 1
CALENINR
.•:•;
•
34
room, your watch a t th e
y
repairers, and you discover
a
time
bomb in the cellars. You have
O
minutes to defuse it.
Ueight
You have a choice of different
Aactions, each of which will take
Rdifferent lengths of time and give
Eyou greater chances of survival.
aFirst, you can study a Bomb
Disposal manual. That takes one to
l six minutes but gives you a greater
oability to narrow the choice of wires
nto snip. Second, you can spend one to
five minutes looking for a spanner.
eYou will have some advantage from
i that. Last, quickest and least useful,
nyou can try a treble gin.
An interesting idea though i t
ysuffers from the limitations of all
opurely random games. Perhaps our
ureaders can introduce a little skill
into the routine.
r
Submitted b y Ti m Grubb o f
l Leicestershire for the 1K ZX-81.
i
v
i
n
g
115
130
'
I NP UT
I F R=V
THEN P RI NT RT
5 140 I F R. -1.
' W R O N G U / R E " . 2 f fi E W '
01
T H E N
150 I F C:•0 THE N P P / NT A T
TM/PH E R I S I U NP . . . T I C K g i P P I N "
5T
DA
I T
S1
0
P,
O4
i
S
E
D
"
4• "
7
/
-
V
10, 10. ;
•••
1 0 , 5
........ ,
IIOAtII
INSPIONMA
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r 1982
MICROWARE
L- A U '
from
J.K. A
GREVE S O F T W A R E LTD
int_ I L 7 L s
t u i _ ,•uf w r i t K L $ 'Lou_
/
0
7
E
1
/
2
Retail shop in LEICESTER for SINCL AIR
comput er accessories
On 1st October we ark moving to'
12 S I . PET ER 'S L AN E. LEI C ESTER
(clOidt to Clock Towe r Es a rge Cat Pa cks.
Easy reach of Railway Stetson S A E for
Catalogue Et M ap.
OPENING SOON M I C R O W A R E OF
MANCHESTERI The tam REAL shop
T u c N C I S r C N C r t r i T t r o N C o l C T I ' u r i c Lon, Ic l E
" With o u
t t o d a y " J . N . R O W L A N D P r oduct Manager fur W . H. S M I T H .
q GARIESTAPE
u e
1 te r1 k
m
a
y
CLIII
s 10t Ga
i om e s in c l AST ER O I D S. U F O C O D E , SOM BER
GUILLOTINE, I(ALEIDESCOPE, e tc
n PROBABLY THE M S T VALU E la TAPE AVAI LABLE.
t
h We've done in lk, games wh irh some o f our competitors
reouire 16k to Opt
e
GAMIEST API 2 for I RK
o
r
g
y
CLIO
fi
• STARHOHTER Supe rb machine code Spa ce Ba ttle S e t
n e
a ge i
explopons
t you can hit the enemy!
s t
PYR
e ir AM I D Cain you move the Pyramid? M ake a mistake and
it will co lle
m
a
AI I M ST The ultine te Graphac Desagners ard 8 CarectiOna 1 0
u
bMemories. SAVE. COPY, RUBOUT C LS, etc
a
-a l A
a
T h a n
c
c
GAM EST APE 3 he TIPS k e gr * r
e
y
I NAS
h •C ATAC OM BS A M u lt kgi Level
a Gra phics Adve nture E a ch
ca r contain u p to 9g
mRooms.
e 8 Passages, 7 Monsters,
i evei
Food, Gold, Tra ps, Pha ntoms
a n Exit I t o the ne a t le ve ll,
r
and
there's
an
infinite
number
of
n NOTE. , T h e aa N OT oone ofsevers
the necesaaniv 'muted te xt
u
e Adventures as sold eleirweere
4
'An eeesaenr eddictrve ganme M u ch mot0 ke e p yo u amused
c Of 0
d
o
o ,0 4
f
GAM
ESTAPE 4 for I SK
o
n
l
y
EL M
d 0
•313
h M ON ST ER M AZ E T h e Ga m e t o T o p A l l Othe rs
Unbeire,abre
Graphics!
Ca
n
you
find
your
wa
y
through
the
m
e ,
M a ze The E X I T . there somewhere. but than so is a I e lEx,
5
n
and it s a fte r YO U
g k
,towards
A l l you
i .nn full perspecievell, yOu've never teen anything
C
like
before
l this
a
3
0
'3
0
M
ONSTER
M AZE is the be st game 0 ha ve se e r
O
,i
( OW
t
h
e
mM
,L
t o t
t h e
n
T
.
R to ;m o m s on oudoente me t the capebtkoes 01
,g btogratnene
P ts.0 la choose N st one
e "rf)
the ZOP, the n J K Gre ve
E 's 3XD M ONSTER M AZE would be the one oe hout doubt
U EX COMPUTING - C
s
w
i
s T
O
tl
E ke t a n t ,
l
M
a GAN
E tI ESTAPEElor
w i l l a n 111K
t a
l
y
EC M
a
c o t n
P
R 0 DEFENDER
ru
b n i b e nT ht er Ultima
v •3
ate Spa
l ce Ga me Su p e r Past
U
Michele
3D
nereron
o
f
the
Arca
de
favourite,
You
have
E • Code
s
.
.
y
your home planet lT
a to
t Oise
,rfrom the rryaroading Ale n SIAlicecreft
P
O
P
This a l l in 3 0 yo u r vererscreen
shows you the we w out
E
w
u fighters
t
i Vof your
cockpat window
u
T h e backdrop moves when
R
Iyou turn.
i
A
or Ply up or down
(8 flight diaectronst. r
n
l Dwere
b
YOU AR E
u s t Rreally
a $flyingi tt't But tthen
y
V
will
lectuelhr
zoom
towa
rd,
you
in 3 0 . e nd shoot yOu if you le t the m
Tu(h e
a E,oincludes
1 . E 4n 1e mh y
ld
,S YaPo uScore
*e H
O
uc r c. Shie
r Strength
sAIs W Aretucle Pronmary, c o r d Radar end your Vit 1 WI
shows your rotating
home plainer. ba ckdrop o f Sta rs. M e te ors. Emplosions.
b G,which
D
t
Plaine
, Sleets yo u r Photon
Beams, u p to 4 Enemy Saucers end o f course its ati
M0
E
A
l tjli
u
.
1A1SM ASH out e t the ZX
O
n M icr o * , boost ot the othe r softwa re hawses wa rde d •
1 0 6 . 1
e M
,E
copy),
a gams not to be G
nm e w l '
the North We st tor SINCLAIR
COM PUTERS.
0
A
;
W
t
r
V
t
i
t
"ALI EN C O M M A N D " (16K) Ver y exciting, fast Et
challenging. If you have tried Missile Command or Space
Invaders you will like this game even morel Features
brilliant User-Definable graphics Et gives REAL arcade
type displays. Very good sound effects Et colour...OS.50
' ' B A C K G A M M O N ' 116K) Play against your micro in
this version of the popular board game. £ 5 . 5 0
Both games available fr om shops or by mall order
fr om LEI CESTER Br anch.
0
A
SOFTWARE WRITERS: Good original software
required for SPECTRUM Et DRAGON.
Excellent royalties paid. TRADE ENQUIRIES
T a i t 0.111111,1
S
Check wit h Leicester Branch f or opening details
• •
•
Keyboards, Ram Packs, I / O Ports.
G/Roms, Light Pens, Sound Boxes
• •
•
Games. Home/Business, Serious.
Educational Programs, Books and Magazines
ALSO - Now Stocking NEW DRAGON 32 + hardware
Et software.
AND Books and Software for BBC and VI C 20.
S P E C/ AL
MI CRO W ARE SOFTWARE
for SPECTRUM
"
MICROWARE WELCOME
131 ME LTO N RO AD O p e n : 9.30-12.00
LEICESTER 1 2 . 3 0 - 5 . 3 0
Tel: 0533 681812 C l o s e d Thursday
MICROWARE
Spectrum
MONITOR
MACHINECODEDEBLIGIDISASSEMBLER
H
4
.
,
c o d e p,r ,y r aoo
£1.50
• CE 3 , 1 0 1 3 ( 1 b l e o a t h B a s i c
•ereakpontsEt Registers DeCiltry
•ise re m b ly to Screenaf14:110.ZX Printer
ItNarnhei converter a t e s r Cecikilas
•1RK arid 485 versions on one CaSilette • 30pa9e Manual
EDITINIASSEM BLERa va ila ble
, ' , KW ,
A
4KtoliSK
E5.70
in
MOREPOWERTOYOURSCREEN
SCREENKIT11
A
i
M
o
n
l
y
M OS
n GAM E STAPE S for 1K
E
g * BR EAKOU T Super Fa st Full Scre e n Displa y Ga me Yo u r
S al. time Favourite with art added twist Se e how much MOnet
,you ca n win e nd we lch the pounds conve rt t o Dollars A l l
in Machine Code for Fest Actron with I Screeds. 2 Ba t Size s
end three angles of reboondl The be st BR EAKOU T around
mod at the price you can't g0 wrong!
f
mall your BASIC ProgrdnIS
K l a n sal S te a nr e he r e on serge
,4directions W M and !MEM M E OF Wleitt
R
D R or•roo'hoce
: VMS*
. A$ MCO AM M
i n
Fr t
,aINPUT
s i rM
r IaAa M
a St SAVE
e
Double
Speed
,
1+1 n e w o o d e tea INSTANT RESPONSE e a , con
MACHINECODEOEBUGIMONITOR
COM P UTE FREEDOM FROM BAS IC tnr m il,. • , d e anagyarnmera
sarade
G AME S M A R K E D • I N C L. M A C H I N E CO DE .
Prices include V AT and U. K. P. & P.
(Add appropriate Postage on Foreign Orders). Cheques/P.0.5 to
£1.50
J.K. G R E V E S O F T W A R E LTD
16 Br e ndon Cl ose, O l dl a nd Com m on, Br i stol BS 1 5 6 0 1
CREDI T CARD SALES: Phone
- 0 1
9FOR
3 I0NS TANT DESPATCH
9
2
3
2
If you prefer to see bef Ore buying. our range of GAM ESTAPE S
(
9
are ste tte d by the following stores
3 7 4 A Streatham alagh Rd . London SW1 6
a BUFFER M I CROSHOP_
GA M E R . . .
_
_
2 4 Gloucester A d.. B r ighton,
m GEORGES
1
3
9
Park Sit,, Elostral. Avon,
M
I
C
R
O
srvii
2
9
Belvedere, Lansdown Rd . Bath, Avon,
- m ice o w AR E
1
3
1
Melton Rd , Lercester,
1. 4 4 5 1 Georges Rd.. Cheltenham, Glos,
p SCREEN
. SC EN
mE
W H SM I T H
O V e l
200 Computer Branches.
) ZE OX TR A
S
S chool Lane, KinsOn. S our ne r nOuth D or s e t
TR ADO& EXPORT ENQUI RI ES WELCOME
SINCLAIR USER O c t obe r 1982
ENTER, RUN. OEBUG macninio code SAVE.
LOAD, VERIFY AT double speed BRE AKPOINS
end REGISTERS DISPLAY Se lf compiled Cannot be used with &sac
Cassette plus M a me Manuel
MACHINECODEENTRYIDERUG
A
laCdliV ENTER RUN. DEBUG machine code
Instantly CREATE A REM LINE °te rry length
M
Compete% yeln Basic Swoch between Program
ElREMLOAD screen d r
M £6.95
,
Registers
display
p 1 4 y%
f u e r t a n n i n
O
t s
11:
a
i
d
I 6CORKSCREW HILL WEST WICKHAM,
KENT 1
, au o ri
•
,
S
a
m
,
V o n . ,
1
1
9
1
t
o
6
5
4
meicipier orty 1 4 daysdelYerf
N
1
4
.
S
A
1ro
tur
se
sAl
tie
35
B E AT THIS
11
11
1
P
The 1
ultimate
FOR ZX81 1 6 K
E1 0 0 PR I Z E
to the fi rst
person to
win tw o
games agains t
highest level of play.
I e n cl o se ch e q u e P / 0
I f o r £6.95 including VAT. p & p
payable to Understanding L i mi te d
Name
Address
Full details w i th game
I
M I C R O - C O M P U T E R SERVI CES
he Produc t ion Village
100 Cr i c k l e wo o d L a n e L o n d o n NW2 2 DS
_J
A l l o w 14 d a y s deliv ery .
L I
U
N
D
E
R
S
T
A
N
by DALE HUBBARD
D
I
Fed up w ith boring games — mak e y our ZXE31 w or k f or y ou!
N
The one you've been waiting fo r!!
G
Cassette based
LClear "menu" operation
I Facilities include sort, search, list, delete, change, total numeric field, save and load file, line print, etc.
MComplete with demonstration file and full instruction/application leaflet.
I Requires 16K Ram pack.
Applications: Recipe file
T
Stamp/coin collections
E
Inventory Control
Employee Data
D
Record Collections
Magazine article catalogue
May be used for any application where fast access is required to stored information
SINCLAIR ZX 81 (16K)
DATABASE FILING SYSTEM
Access accepted
Send cheque or P.O. or credit card number to:
GEMIN I M A R K E TIN G LTD .
9 Solartron R oa d, Ex m outh, D e v on EX8 2BR.
OR telephone us with your credit card order
on Exmouth (03952) 5832
DESPATCH BY RETURN
ONLY
E5.95 FULLY INCLUSIVE!
%t;b• o
c• 6
- 0
Ne
1
< (...,
cP < 0
r
0
,
9
SI NCLAI RUSER
( ) ( tuber 1982
7
(
0
-
36
tape
storage
orchestra will be almost as loud as if
you were at the front, without you
making any adjustments — background noise will be more noticeable.
ALC circuits are designed for
voice and music: some ALC circuits
never have the recording level absolutely correct and 'fiddle' with it all
the time when computer signals are
used. Technically, the ALC control
loop hunts. That produces a tape
with fluctuating volume which may
be difficult or impossible to load.
You cannot blame the manufacturer
of either the tape recorder or the
computer — they ar e not compatible.
That kind of behaviour is not correlated with price or quality; the
problem cannot be solved — use a
different recorder. Detection is not
easy — an oscilloscope can be used
by the technically-minded; otherwise use a recorder known to be
suitable.
Dirty heads can be a problem.
Various cleaning tapes and fluids
are marketed. Rath er shamefacedly, we must confess to doing no
more t h a n gi vi ng h ead s a n
occasional wipe with a dry handkerown programs but not anyone else's. chief before they become caked.
Some machines will work with
To use a tape recorder with programs from different sources it is
imperative that the gap be very
close to true vertical. This problem
can be solved by having the head
gap angle adjusted correctly. The
way to set up a gap is to measure the
output from a special test tape with
an audio voltmeter, adjusting the
head for best output. That is called
azimuth alignment. Many tape re- batteries but not SAVE loadable
corders — including, surprisingly, programs wh en running from
some very expensive hi-fi machines mains. Those machines may also
— have poorly-aligned heads. That produce audible hum. Batteries, of
will cause some loss of treble, which course, gradually drop in voltage
may not be noticed on a machine with deleterious effect on tape
with a cheap loudspeaker, wi th speed and signal level. Solutions are
audio signals; it may cause a com- to use reasonably fresh batteries
puter signal to fail to load entirely. only, or use machines which operate
Almost all cheap mono portables reliably from the mains.
Machines wi th stereo heads
have an automatic level control
circuit. T h a t ci rcui t sets th e should not, in general, be used. I f
recording level to give a reasonable they must be used, use single track,
output level for a very wide range of rather than two-track-in-parallel
inputs. If you record a concert from mono mode. Stereo machines have
continued on page 38
near the back seat, the sound of the
Mike Salem considers the problems of
keeping information on cassettes
Finding better ways
of storing on tape
microcomputers i s fraught
T
with difficulties. All can be
overcome,
so that reliable loading
R
and
saving
become routine. T h e
E
tape storage and retrieval systems
U
of all microcomputers are designed
S
with
mono portabl e cassette
recorders
in mind Wh at are the
E
problems,
why do they occur, and
o
how can they be solved?
f The metal head of a tape recorder
thas an almost invisible vertical gap
ain its structure. The gap is what
magnetises the tape, when recordp
ing, and picks up the signal — when
eplaying back. The gap should be
rtruly vertical to allow interchangeeability of tapes.
If tapes were always to be played
cback on the recorder on which they
owere made, it would be necessary
ronly for the gap to be in the same
orientation for both recording and
dplayback. This would always be so if
ethe head was never re-aligned. That
ris why many people can load their
s
SINCLAIR USER O c t obe r 1982
w
i
'The systems are
designed with mono
portable cassette
recorders in mind'
3
7
continued f rom page 37
two head gaps, which should be
aligned vertically. If the gaps are
offset by a few micrometres relative
to each other, the effect in mono
mode is similar to a head with poor
azimuth alignment.
As stereo head gap offset is not a
figure which is specified by manufacturers — it is irrelevant to stereo
operation — not even the best
recorders can be guaranteed free of
this problem.
Head wear can be a significant
problem. It can even be significant
in a machine used heavily for computing only. On machines muchused for general purposes, head
wear should be watched for. The
symptoms occur gradually and may
be missed.
Performance d e t e r i o r a t e s
gradually. Bad head wear can be
seen — the working part of the head
becomes visibly concave, instead of
Once you have a suitable tape
recorder, you should be able to
SAVE and LOAD your tapes without
trouble. If you always use the same
brand of tape. recorder and computer. you should always be able to
work at the same volume control
setting when loading — volume
control setting is ignored by all tape
recorders with ALC when SAVEing.
Loading other people's tapes is
more of a problem, due to differing
recording l evel s, q u al i ty o f
machines and azimuth alignment.
The level-setting problem is easily
solved b y u si n g a su i tab l e
monitoring device. An ordinary AC
voltmeter can be used but is not
ideal.
A purpose-designed loading aid is
available from Hilderbay Ltd. If it is
desperately important to load a
tape, it is possible to mis-align your
head azimuth temporarily to match
the bad tape. but do not forget to put
'Loading other people's tapes is more of a
problem, due to differing recording levels,
machine quality and azimuth alignment'.
following the convex curvature of
the rest of the head.
In some cases — Z X
ticular
— program corruption may
occur: that is worse than straight8 1 i failure
n
forward
to load, as it may be
p a and
r -corrupted versions of
missed,
the program s a n d d a t a c a n
gradually replace out-of-date, but
correct, versions.
If you are technically-minded. you
may be able to buy, for about E3, a
replacement head. Otherwise i t
may be more cost-effective to buy a
new recorder. Keep it for computing
only, which will prolong head life.
It is worth noting that head wear
shows o n cassettes wi th foam
rubber — usually dark — pressure
pads long before it affects the use of
cassettes with felt — usually lightcoloured — pressure pads. What
you may gain on the swings you lose
on the roundabouts. Of course, felt
pressure pads wear heads faster
than foam ones. Nonetheless, we
prefer felt.
36
it back the way it should be. A final
trick which has been known to work
with tapes with a good deal of hum is
to use a machine with a poor bass
response. The cheaper machines
are better at that.
Standard audio tape o f good
quality is satisfactory. Only uniformity and adherence of coating
matter — noise, frequency response
are unimportant. The shorter the
better. all else being equal. TDK
D-C46 is good.
A few comments on the use of tape
recorders and tape:
• If you can save and load your
own tapes but cannot load anyone else's, your recorder is probably of a satisfactory type but is
in need of azimuth adjustment.
• If you can load other people's
tapes but not your own, your
recorder is probably unsuitable.
• If the volume setting is exceedingly critical you might find it
worth trying another recorder. A
loading aid will be very useful.
• If performance deteriorates,
or is not so good as you know your
make of recorder to be capable
of, the head may be worn.
• Always re-wind tapes to keep
the fragile magnetic coating out
of harm's way.
• Do not use the first and last 1.0
seconds of the magnetised part of
each tape. It is far less reliable
than the rest of the tape.
• The best tape for critical applications is one of good make which
you have used successfully once
or twice.
• Keep tapes away from magnetic fields — motors, transformers, magnets. That holds in particular when travelling by train.
Problems rarely seem to happen
in the post. Airport X-rays are
probably not a serious problem
— we do not know for sure.
• If you cannot save and load
tapes with the certain knowledge
that you can load them next time,
you are not getting as much from
your equipment as you should.
How to choose a tape recorder.
First, the tape recorder must be suitable for computer use. This feature
can only be tested, never predicted
from a specification. If the machine
is suitable, some useful features
are: m ains operation; a ta p e
counter; cue and review facility —
machine plays squeakily in fast forward and re-wind modes; useful for
locating programs. analysing dropouts; i t should not have a tone
control — most better-quality
machines have a tone control; keep
it set to its maximum position.
Some frills found on a few fairly
expensive machines ar e manual
level control instead of, o r i n
addition to, ALC: a limiter circuit in
addition to manual and automatic
level control; a recording level
meter — very useful — mainly as a
sure indicator that the signal is
getting through leads and connectors to the tape recorder: variable
speed playback.
SINCLAIR USER O c
tober
1 9 8 2
PET
MAKE AMAZING SOUND EFFECTS WITH
YOUR ZX-81
THEPROGRAME
NE
H
EN
TH
2A
XN
8C
1E
(1M
6K
)TPACKAGEFOR
A s u i t e o f e a s y t o u s e m a c h i n e c o d e r o u t in e s d e s i g n e d
IIDEFINEDSCROLLREGION1linetowholescreen
•CHANG
EB
K
G
R
O
U
NO
D••C
H
A
N
G
E
FR
OE
R
E
GROUND
•IN
VA
EC
R
S
E
V
ID
E
FL
A
S
H
S
C
E
N
to t rans f orm y our Basic programs .
• SCROLL u p or d o wn • FILL SCREEN any character
E25.95 THE ZON X-81
• CLEAR SCREEN wit hout c hanging print pos it ion
Supplied o n t ape wit h a 6K DEMO PROGRAM
and a FULL ins t ruc t ion book let
ONLY E5.95 Incl. p &
Inc p&p & VAT
SEND T O
SOFTWARE
The ZON X•81 SOUND UNIT is completely sett-contained and
especially designed for use with the ZX431 II just plugs in—
no dismantling or soldering
Na power pock, banenes leads or Other extras
Manual Volume Control on panel - ample volume from built-in
loudspeaker
Standard iX-131 - 16K Rampock or printer can be plugged into
ZON X
-Huge range of possible sounds fOl games or Music.
8I
Helicopters.
Sci-Fi Space Invaders: Explosions. Gun-shots,
Drums.
S o Planes las ers Organs Bells. Tunes. Chords etc o r
whatever you devise
u n
,Uses 3
d
volume
at tones and noise, all with envelope control.
-U
cnEasily
h a nadded to existing games or programmes using a lev,,
simple
BASIC lines
n
i et l
FULL sinstructions
with many examples of how to obtain effects and the
o
w
programmes.
supplied Fully Guaranteed
u
n
i t
d
h
co
h
u
it
p
a
g
f
if
ve SEEN IN THE 4TH ZX-MICROFAIR
AS
ic
n
• 3D SPACEtg BATTLE Superior Machine programming. Incredible
i complex 3D graphics: Alien Spaceships, Explosions,
super fast and
p
n Destroy as many Alien Spaceships as you can and
Laser beams.
rg
avoid their laser
beams while you have energy. Full 8 direction flight
control wi t hon jus t 3 keys. Th e screen is y our wi n d o w ov er an
g
unlimited Universe
background, and t he enemy spaceships and
o
laser beams rcome to you in full 3D.
r
a
m
m
a
• ORCHESTRA.
The ZX81 plays your favourite melodies wit hout
m
l don't need to know playing any instrument; just enter
add ans. You
e
a sequence Zof note names and durations. Stores up t o 3,000 note
melodies oncX cassette. Full edit ing capabilities. Us er re-defi nable
o
music notation.
Perfectly t uned on A440. Allows s ound ov er 3
octaves wi tn8h s emit ones and pauses. Sounds t hrough t he T V
speaker or an
t1 amplifi er connected to the MI C output of the ZX81.
ro
Only E4•95 each
(including airmail). Send cash, cheque or money
o
o r d e r . P a yp a b l e t o J o s e p
le
number Pleas e a l l o w u p t o 1 4 day s t ot
-Access/Barclaycard
o
delivery.
rT o
Oriol
m
a s
fa
o
r p
t
q
ii o Fas tt and ecomplex t rue 161( ZX81 mac hine c ode
Comingu soon:
arcade games.
to Spec t rum versions. SAE for details.
cn
h
.
NEWEXPLOSIVE ZX81 (16K) PROGRAMS
ATTENTO
I NZXSUPPLIERS:Weareinterestedinacquirng
licensing rights to translate and market your ZX software in Spain
(this is also the best way to protect y our copyright), we are also
interested i n dis t ribut ing Z X hardware a n d book s . Samples
welcome.
V E NTAMATI C PAI CRO-I NFORMATI CA
I osep•O rico! Tomas, Director
A wda. de Rhode, No. 253
R o&ls (G econal. Spain
SLNCLAIR USER O c t obe r 1982
&
34 B OU R TON R OA D
GLoucesTER Gos ot
S P E CTRUM V E R S ION N O W
A V A ILA B LE ON L Y E3 7 5
GOL F l e k l
A I . I fe a tu r e g a m e fo r I o r 2 play er s
9 o r 1 9 h o l e COUrSe t o te s t y o u r s k i l l
FanIS S fi c f u l l s c r e e n g r a p h i c s w i t h
r o u g h , b u n k e r s , tr e e s , w a t e r
haz ar ds , fa i r w a y a n d t h e g r e e n
ON LY L3.75
l
I
MINEFIELD ISE
O w d e y o u r r a n k t o s a fe ty H i d d e r .
m i n e r ' w i l l e x p l o d e o n c Oo ta c t s o i l
s e n d y o u b a c k t o th e s ta r t W i t h o r o i
nine by es l o p l a y w r th y o u m u s t
r e m e m b e r y o u r m u l e s o te r
BOMBER MEI
D e s tr o y t h e e n e m y c i ty i n t h i s a l l
aCtiOn m a c h i n e c o d e g a m e B e w a r e
t h e c l u e s d e f e n d e r s fi g h t b a c k
C o m p l e te w i t h h i g h s c or e fe a tu r ,
16K
GAMES
oGOBIBLERS
PUCKMAN FOR 16K ZKEll
B
E
A
TB
TLH
A
TO
HS
IG
H
SC
ORE!
G
O
B
E
T
H
E
D
O
T
S
B
E
FO
R
ET
H
O
SY
EO
M
ER
AO
NIE
S
G
O
B
B
L
E
Y
O
U
I
U
N
L
Y
A
I
D
E
S
A
R
E
F
O
U
R
P
"
O
W
E
R
P
IL
LN
S
M
E
A
IE
SLE
DN
IBG
LE
.BUT
N
O
T
F
O
R
O
!
-FASTACTION
••E
M
A
C
H
N
I
E
C
O
D
E
D
F
O
R
XT
R
A
"G
O
B
B
L
ER
RIN
"F
OR10,000POINTS
••O
N
S
C
R
E
E
N
S
C
O
G
W
HU
IG
H
S4C
O
H"EN
TERNAME"FACILITY
S
PT
O
P
LR
AE
YW
ERITS
H
ANANNOYINGLYFRUSTRAT
INGIGAMEFORONLYE5.95
C
H
M
A
K
MAILORDERONLY-PLEASEMA
EKECHEQUE/POPAYABLETO
5
T
F
H
0ASTER I1DS
FO R IOW
Z X81
S TA Y A L I V E A S L O N G A S P OS S IB LE I N OP E N SPACE F I L L E D W I T H F L Y I N G R OC K S .
S CORE B Y S H O O T I N G TH E M W H I C H A LS O CAUS E S TH E M T O B R E A K I N T O LOTS
OF L I T T L E B ITS A N D M A K E S L IFE E V E N WOR S E
,
'
• x t R A SHIP FOi l 1,000 P IS • FIRE S IN A LL
M OT AS EASY AS I T
DIRE CTIONS
, FAST A C TION
S OUNOS II
• INCRE AS ING NUM BE R
OCIN
SCREEN
S
CORING
M
OF A S TE ROIDS
• H I G H SCOPE WITH
• S HIP MOVES JUS T LIK E
A 'E NTE R NAM E ' FA C ILITY
ARCADE V E RS ION
" ' THRE E A S TE R OID W E L
• R O T A T E LE E V R OTA IE
• 1 4 A S TY ' A LIE N SPACE
•Cu p TO a P LA Y E RS
R
iGH
Te
IH
R
us
T
SHIP IFIRE S IIA CK • I
H
I
N
E
C
O
D
E
D
F
O
R
THIS GAME IS JUST AS BAD — AND ONLY E5.95
AN OFFER FOR REAL MASOCHISTS-BOTH TAPES FOR E9.95
THE SOFTWARE FARM
Great games packs for 16K V a l
EXPLORI NG S P E CTRUM BASI C
Mik e Lord's lates t book tak es t he reader bey ond
the S in c la ir Ma n u a l. I t c o n t a in s a w e a l t h o f
programs a n d ex planations o f S pec t rum B A S I C
programming tec hniques . Topic s inc lude writ in g
games p r o g r a m s , p e r s o n a l , b u s i n e s s a n d
engineering applic at ions , a n d u t ilit y programs .
Wort h far more than
E
4
.
9
5
THE EXPLORERS GUI DE TO THE ZXEll
Mik e L o r d ' s a c c la ime d b o o k f o r t h e Z ) ( 8 1
enthusiast. Inc ludes games, business, engineering
and u t ilit y p ro g ra ms f o r b o t h 1 K a n d 1 6 K
machines, an int roduc t ion t o Mac hine Language.
wit h a lis t o f us eful RO M routines , hint s & t ips ,
and h a rd wa re n o t e s in c lu d in g R A M a n d I / O
circuits " o f t he greates t v a lu e " I ZX Co mp u t in g
rev iewl
£
4
.
9
5
MAS TE RI NG MACHI NE CODE
ON YOUR ZX81
By Toni Bak er: 1 8 0 pages o f immens e v alue t o
beginner and expert alike
E 7 . 5 0
All prices include UK, P & P n o VAT on books.
Overseas customers add E1. 50 carriage per order.
TIM E D A TA Ltd. Dept H
57 S wa llo wd a le , B as ildon, Es s e• 5 S 1 6 5J G
Tel: (0 2 6 8 I 4 1 1 1 2 5 ( M o n - Fr i l
-_,---------_,-;
\ , ' TAITIEDAELI
PACK 1
AS T RO -I NV ADE RS
Just look at these features
then look at the price!
•Superior machine code programming
•Rapid-fi ring with explosive onscreen kill effect
•iiigh•s c oring saucers 8 5 4 aliens eaccetetating attack
•Des truc table defence shields • O n screen kill count
* High score update
• a s t action space graphics
- a new dimension in lX81 view,
Astro-Invaders is yours on cassette Fol ONLY £3.66 with
FOUR BO NUS GAMES:
A RCA DE G RA ND - PRIX d r i v e four levels of machine code skill
PENALTY d e f e n d your goal against the sharp-shooting M i t
GOLF - iudge your shot strength, angles, bunkers.
plus machine code insect fun with S WA T
PACK 2
PLANET DE FE NDE R
— blast aliens in planet orbit
eultra-dynamic machine code action • o s t i l e alien-waves
* las t responsive controls; ship up/ down, thrust, laser -bolt, and smart bomb
ecomprehensive scoring
Ibexplosive graphics •
e
x
p
l
o
s
i
v
e
pric
Planet Defender comes on cassettes for O NLY C3.66 wit h mac hine code
S TO RM
through space. B RE A K O UT (machine code) r a c e against the clock, plus
-GRAPHIC
HANG MAN.
FI G HT
16K 2X81 cassette packs l and 2 are 13•66 each (post free in U.K.I. Fast
E RS
despatch
from
John Prince
c o
29 Brook Avenue, Levenshulme,
m b
Manchester M19
a t
5
fl
e
e
t
s
o
f
s
w
o
o
p
i
n
g
a
l
i
e
n
s
a
O L D
N E W 81 SPEC TR U M
s PROGRAM
y
Chess 1.4
1 0 00 8 . 9 5
o
10
levels
m,c
u
b
Adventure 1 0 . 0 0
8 9 5
9 9 5
l
a 140 focations based o n th e original
s (At CIO 00 well worth th e money
t Sinclair User Issue 2 review)
A;
7ZX81 &Games
Spectrum
R
S
1
F
T
N
7 MAESAFALLEN, BOW ST, O M ° , SV24 SBA
F
T P i f
2X81 ADV E NTURE SPECI ALI STS
C2: VOLCANI C DUNG E O N/ HANG MAN £ 4 . 5 0
C.RNIEL S
O
Al V O LCA NI C DUNGEON Res c ue if you can the Elfin Princess. Mythical
monsters, prts, fiery caverns, diminishing strength and water make your
quest anything but easy.
FULL 16K PROGRAM * * S A V E GAME ROUTINE
* * S I NG LE KEY ENTRY *
"Volcanic Dungeon is terrifi c value and I would recommend it to
any one
13/ HA NG MA
- N: Debut v ers ion o f t he classic game. Play agains t a n
opponent or the computer's 400 word vocabulary. Good graphics.
C3: ALI EN MI NTRUDER/ HI EROGLYPHI CS M O O
Al A L I E N INTRUDER!
r
You awaken to find you are the only survivor on the
Explorer
s Class 3 Starship. Can you escape before you also fall victim to
the Alien monstrosity that devoured the crew? There are many ways to
end thisT adventure but only one way to survive!
hFULL 16K PROGRAM * * I NTERACTI VE GRAPHICS
* * S A V E GAME ROUTINE * *
o
B) HEIROGLYPHICS Dec ode the ancient 39 symbol alphabet in time to
m
save the famous explorer. "Wullie Make'!" from a sandy grave.
a 16K PROGRAM * * A NI MA TE D GRAPHIC DISPLAY
FULL
* RANDOM CODE *
s
C4: WUMP US ADV E NTURE / MO V I E MO G UL M O O
C
A) W U M P U S ADVENTURE FOR 1 TO 4 PLAYERS: Seek the famous
creatureo in t he mos t dangerous VVumpus hunt ever. A ll t he usual
featuresr are there!
SUPERBATS
* P I TS * TRE MO RS * S W A MP S * MA G I C ARROWS
n
PLUS Exciting
new features EVIL GOBLINS that will try to sacrifice you
w
to the Wumpus.
* G I AaNT SERPENTS * W U M P U S MUCK * MAGIC SPRINGS *
FULL 16K
PROGRAM * R A N D O M Et PRESET CAVE PATTERNS
l
* * Y Ol U CONTROL THE LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY * * G RE A T FUN
FOR YOU AND YOUR FRIENDS *
Of MO V I E MOGUL: Guide your fi lm through the often hilarious traumas of
production. Us e VOW budget wis ely and y ou may make a fortune.
Success depends on many factors and not lust luck.
FULL 16K PROGRAM * *
ORDERS P lu s 50p P&P or large S.A.E. f or lis t to:-
C A R N E L L S O F T W A R E D I R E C T O R : - R. CARNELL
S TAUNTO N ROAD, SLOUGH, BERKS. SL2 1NT
The above are elan onanlable horn BUFFER MICROSHOP, STR EATH AM . LONDON
40
Now NEW LOW prices!!!!
Invaders 5 _ 0 0
Fast m c arcade action
4
45
Mazeman 5 _ 0 0
4 4 5
All the features o f the original
arcade version m c
4 . 9 5
•requires 48k Spectrum
All prices are inclusive
Return o f post service
SI NCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
256 * PEEK 16397
9120 FOR! = 0 to 792
9130 POKE D + I. PEEK
(30000 + I)
9140 NEXT I
Both these routines are slow but
there is a machine code instruction
called LDIR which is designed for
moving blocks of data from one part
of RAM to another. To use LDIR. the
address to which the item is to be
moved is put in the HL register pair.
Then the address to which the item
is to be moved is put into the DE
register pair. Finally the number of
bytes to be moved is put into the BC
register pair and the LDIR instruction is invoked.
The following routine uses LDIR
to save the display file:
Andrew Hewson
How Dan sorts out
different variables
this month and answered them in
I detail because I feel they will be
Hof interest to everyone.
A "1 wish to transfer the whole of
Vwhat is on the display area t o a
Edifferent area in memory, say a t
s30000. and then recall it. How can I
do so?" asks Kevin Kwantes o f
eSwansea.
l The first job is to move RAMTOP
edown from 32768 to 30000 so that
cthe copy of the display will not intert fere wit h t he functioning o f the
eZX-81. To do this enter:
POKE 16388, 48
d
POKE 16389, 117
j
CLS
u A M I display normally consists of
s33 x 24 x 1 = 793 characters. 33 of
t which are the Newline character
t (code 118). Hence a Basic routine
wwhich transfers 7 9 3 bytes fr om
o D-FILE onwards to 30.000 will save
l the display. For example:
9010 LET D = PEEK 16396 +
e
256 * PEEK 16397
t
9020 FOR I = 0 to 792
t
e SNCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
r
9030 POKE 30000 + L PEEK
(D + I)
9040 NEXT I
When recovering a previous display a little more care must be taken
because i f t he screen ha s be e n
SCROLLed the display fi le will be
less than the full size and so it is
Decimal H e x
O p
42 1 2 64 2 A OC 40 L D
17 4 8 1 1 7 1 1 3 0 7 5 L D
25 3 0 1 19 03 L D
237 176 E D BO L D I
201
C 9
R E T
Code
FEL, (D-FILE)
DE. 30000
BC, 793
R
With RAMTOP set at 30000 there
is plenty of room to put the routine
above RAMTOP. a t say 32000, by
POKEing t he decimal codes int o
each location in turn as follows:
POKE 32000. 42
POKE 32001, 12
POKE 32002. 64
POKE 32003. 17
etc
To execute the routine enter:
RAND USR 32000
To recover the display file use this
routine:
s t
1-0 R A 1C1 .e 4e . 0 /
5
P
P
.
)341
.1
r0)i I r1t 1. 4
21
e
7sl .t : i ,
•3"s40•.0 •R
• R• a,?,
• . •- s—
P
06, ,
..
N1-01Pe P1 - 2 e 0 6 2 v e c l e '
80
1
7
.
.
.
.
f
t
e
F
T
Ef
t
'
0
0
C
t
UI 1
5'
.-- 3
r4- -0
__M
/
1
•
vitper,-,
1
Nt
\ 6 t o 10,,„ 0 0
- ' _132
1,
v- IIp•-A
oL C P
''
134- 0
e
4 -C
1 4 0 i
1l t '1,S. 0
30_ _4. 4-mow%eer 7 wa te 1 2 0 - " c t . . A
'
,-.c-•
r‘ ' • ' 0
0
' .
, nd, Dec imal H e x O py Code
.'Pt 60 t3 o clearIipthea
essential
screen
a
t
205 4 2 1 0 C D 2A OA CeA L L CI S
s1f t that a full-size
hence0i1ensure
display
33 4 8 117 2 1 30 75 L D 3 0 0 0 0
4
,
s
/
s
5
e
1 b
'f o
exists
e
r
e
r
e
c
ov
e
r
ing
t
h
e
,
,
c
,
237
9 1 1 2 64ED 5B OC 40 I D DE, (D-F1LE)
Ss e
3 4
1 2 5 3 0 1 19 03 L 'D BC. 793
previous
yo
.. T h e following
T•I ce0cdis pla
routine
R bet9 used:
ED BO
LDIR
176
6i%occan
e1
o
t 237
RET
C9
201
9100
CLS
6
00 pl 1 LED D =:.PEEKt16396 +
c ont inued on page 42
9110
o
e
2c )
•
•
41
1t -t
1
4
1
2
:l
.-, .
%Mb
continued from page 41
Notice th a t a call is made to the
ROM r o u ti n e w h i c h c l e a r s t h e
screen. The routine can be loaded
immediately a fte r the save routine
at 32012.
Keith Francis of Stamford raises
an interesting question. He asks:
the ZX-81 uses two bytes to store
line numbers, w h y i s 9 9 9 9 t h e
largest line number permitted?"
The question i s v e r y sensible.
Each b yte contains eight b i ts a n d
each bit can take two values giving
2le = 65536 arrangements of the 16
bits in the two bytes. Hence the two
bytes could be used to represent any
positive i n te g e r b e tw e e n 0 a n d
65535 i n cl u si ve . W h y l i m i t l i n e
numbers to 9999?
The reason is that by limiting i n
this w a y and b y manipulating th e
numeric codes f o r vari abl es th e
Z.X-81 has a device fo r distinguishing lines in the program area from
variables in the variables area.
To understand the mechanism at
work, consider the representation
of 9999. Line numbers are held with
their mo st si g n i fi ca n t b y te fi r s t,
c o n tr a r y t o t h e u s u a l Z - 8 0
convention, so th a t l i n e n u mb e r
9999 is held as a byte containing 39
followed b y a byte containing 1 5
15
T I R Mt
9
5
1
Now look a t pages 172 to 174 o f
the ZX - 8 1 B a s i c P r o g r a m m i n g
manual a n d y o u w i l l s e e
illustrations of the different types of
variables as they are represented in
the variables area. In each case the
fi rst byte contains a numeric code
related to the code of the letter; i n
the case of a number whose name is
longer th a n o n e l e tte r , th e fi r s t
letter, which identifies the variable.
The largest possible l e tte r code is
63. t h e c o d e f o r Z . w h i c h i s
00111111 i n b i n a r y , a n d t h e
smallest is 38, the code for A. which
is 00100110 in binary. Clearly, bits 7
and 6 are not needed when distinguishing between letter codes and
bit 5 i s always set to one, so th e
ZX-81 uses them to distinguish between t h e d i f f e r e n t t y p e s o f
variable, subtracting 20h, o r 32 i n
decimal, f r o m th e l e tte r code i n
three of the six cases.
Three bits can be set in 23, or 8,
different ways. The table lists the
eight ways and their interpretation.
Hi I
pattern
000
001
Interpretation
Line number less than 5192
Line number between 8192 and
9999
010 S t r i n g
011 N u m b e r with single character
name
1
4
1
1;:t .
1
20
3
S
e4
I
N
s
e
e
0
120 S 00
N
,
•
'
R
13e S
0
sF Tz ER
e 6'
u*
vs132
t e f6fi
,
'
0T O
00 05 T
t.
0
1
? 0 0 - 0 P P Ito' 0
P
2i 1134
t- r e
14.0
iT
. 5 •• V W , c
0t c1
- 53te H0 S e
1
-, . o
m a' rCt t i k
o e l
tt
5 eIi, t : "1
2
Il 9 9 . Th e
l 9
100 A r r a y of numbers
because
•15
-a 9
4 +'•3
e' 39*256
W
a
g
e• r with multiple character
4
1
t
,
bit pattern
of the- fi r_rst byte,
obtained 101 N u m bname
P
s
by c o n p
v e r ti n g r3 1
9 t -o bCi n a r y , i s 110 C h a r a cvt e r array
00100111.
N
o
ti
ce
t e th re e
il l C o n t r o l variable for a
ct h a tt th
-p
l
FOR-NEXT
loop
i numbers
most significant
bits
—
bit
m
0
p
7. 6 and 5 are set to 0, 0Cand 1 fo r
I do not know
- why Sinclair should
4
take
such
elaborate
precautions to
this, t hp
e l a r g e s t p e r m ittte d l i n e
f
number. Hence bit -numbers
t 7,6 and distinguish a l i n e number fr o m a
I
o
the same purpose
5 o f the fi r s t byte o f all 4permitted variable because
v set to 0,0 and 1, could be served
line numbers
t
will be
by
comparing the
s
or in the
byte in question to the
o case o f line numbers less address of the
5 pointers. It allows
D-FILE or VARS
than 8192, they will be set to 0. 0, 0.
;
1
•
e j n I
1
c ) X
.
: 1
42
the ZX-81 to use the same routine, at
2546 t o 2 5 7 6 , t o s t e p th r o u g h
memory to th e " n e x t " line o r the
"n e xt" va ri a b l e b u t th a t seems a
small advantage.
Perhaps i t is merely a hangover
from th e ZX-80, because i n th a t
machine the variables area follows
immediately after the program area
and so a device which "knows" from
the contents of the byte that the end
of th e program has been reached
serves some purpose. If any reader
has a more credible explanation. I
should be interested to hear it.
It is w o rth noting th a t while the
ZX-81 p re ve n ts yo u entering l i n e
numbers greater than 9999 from the
keyboard, i f you manipulate the line
numbers b y P O K E i n g t h e
appropriate locations your program
will s t i l l r u n , p ro vi d e d t h e l i n e
numbers do not exceed 16383 as the
follawing routine demonstrates:
10 LET I 1 0 0 0 0
20 SCROLL
30 PRINT I
40 POKE 16634, INT (I1256)
50 POKE 16635, 1-256*INT
(I/256)
60 LETI=14- 1
9999 COTO 20
Line numbers 40 and 50 POKE the
current value of I into the locations
originally occupied by 9999. I f you
run the program for a fe w cycles
and then BREAK it you will see that
9999 h a s b e e n updated t o , sa y,
A029 f o r I = 10029. C l e a rl y t h e
ZX-81 does not decode line numbers
greater than 9999 correctly but the
result i s comprehensible i f y o u
remember A f o l l o w s 9 i n t h e
sequence of character codes.
If you leave the program running
for long enough i t w i l l stop when
I = 16384 a n d a LISTing w i l l then
omit the final line because the LIST
command does not recognise it as a
line. You can use this quirk to make
programs "d i s a p p e a r " b y POKE
16509, 6 4 . S u c h " i n v i s i b l e "
programs c a n b e S A V E d a n d
LOADed as usual and w i l l RUN i f
16509 is reset to its original value.
SINCLAIR USER O ct o b e r I 952
CUT-PRICE COMPANIONS
"Far and away the best" Y o u r Computer magazine
THE ZX81 CO M PANI O N by Bob Maunder is now available at ONLY £4.95
with a FREE SUPPLEMENT on the ZX Spectrum! This offer ends on 30
September, so hurry!
LINSAC is also producing a SPECT RUM COM PANION series, and the
first title. 'The Spectrum Games companion' is available from October at
E5.95.
The above prices include UK postage. Send cheques to:
L1NSAC
LINSAC (SU),
68 Barker Road,
Middlesbrough TS5 5ES.
ZX81/SPECTRUM
A fantastic range of 16K games, each complete with fully
comprehensive instructions from:
M.C.-LOTHLORIEN.
(incorporating M C . Associates and Lothlorien Compute r Group).
1. T Y R A N T OF ATHE NS .
Can you survive long enough to turn Athens into the most feared state
in the Mediterranean? Train troops, build airships, fight battles by land and sea against hostile
Greek States and the vast Persian Empire. Many more features in this very addictive game.
Price: Daill 14.95. S P E CTRUM E6.50
2. R O M A N EMPIRE.
Your aim is to conquer the hostile countries surrounding Rome. Build armies, appoint Generals and fight
campaigns_ This challenging game takes full account of morale, fighting efficiencies, leadership ability, etc. 3 levels of play.
Price: 2X81 £5.96. Spectrum available November.
1 P E LO P O NNE S I AN WAR.
Set in Ancient Greece from 431-404 BC, covering the Great War between Athens and Sparta
Your goal is a final victory over the Spartans but you will need all your skill in a combination of diplomacy and military force before
you even stand a chance.
Price ZXBI only 15.95
3 levels of play.
4. S A M U R A I WARRI O R.
How could you have fared as a Samurai in 13th Century Japan? Face challenges and bandits. Are
you a survivor? Or will you be forced to commit ritual suicide? 7 levels of play.
Price: D(81 15.95. Spectrum available November.
5. WA R L O R D .
A challenging game of analytical skill, similar to Tyrant of Athens. Set in 13th Century Japan as a companion to
Samurai Warrior.
P
r
i
c
e
:
n
(
8
1
only. E4.95
SPECIAL OFFER: Buy 3 or more games and de duc t
E2 from your total order.
Cheques and PO's please, ma de payable to: !WC. LOTHORIE N,
4 Granby Road, Cheadle Hulme , Cheadle, Cheshire SK8 6LS
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r 1982
4
3
%Mu
The June competition for Spectrum and printer attracted a high
standard of entries. The prize was awarded to a design which
strikes good balance between hardware and software
MOS chip is used in winning
EPROM blower contest
number routine or perhaps that fast
that th e theme fo r th i s com- screen display which can be calledA
petition w a s a l i ttl e o u t o f up in a Basic program and executed
Tcontext f o r a magazine su ch a s almost immediately.
Any program or routine written in
FSinclair User. On closer inspection,
however,
it
becomes
clear
that
more
main
memory — o r RAM — is lost
I
and
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
e
r
s
a
r
e
whenever
the computer is switchedR
introducing machine code into their off. To keep a permanent copy of a
S
programs whenever Basic becomes program we can either record it on
Ttoo slow in execution.
cassette o r backing store o r we
S If w e look a t th e n e xt stage, a can co p y i t i n to a me mo ry c h i p
Ilogical extension would be to keep a which keeps its contents intact even
G
permanent copy o f th a t useful re- after power has been removed.
H
T
1 0 0 P ' R T N T " W H A T R D D R E 5 5 I N T HE
EPRO M"
,
110 I N PU T Y
i
120 R EM 7; M 5 5 N E E D T O B E R L O G I
C 1
t
1 3 0 L E T Y =Y * 5 7 3 4 4
w
PO KE I E
„
— 2 5 6 *IN T t Y _fr
o
1 S 0 P- O K E I B S / 5 / N T
cr . .
u
1 6 0 P2RS I6 N T " E N T E R N O O F
- BYTES T O
BE S E N T "
l
2
170 INPUT H
d
1 8 0 D /1
5
1
9 0 F O P C = 1 T O F4
s
B
2 0 0 I N P U T P, (C
e
E iP R I N T B ( e )
21 1 0
)
24 2 0R N) E X T C
e
230 FO R C = 1 T O f4
m
240 POKE ' B S I & „ t ,C)
That type of memory chip is called
a ROM, which stands for read-only
memory. A n 8K R OM is used i n a
ZX-81 to store the Basic interpreter
and operating system.
A disadvantage, s o f a r a s th e
experimenter is concerned, w i th a
ROM i s th a t once i t has been programmed i t is impossible to change.
There is also available an erasable
programmable read-only memory,
or EPROM, w h i ch caters fo r such
needs.
That was the idea o f the competition, to design a n EPROM blower
which could be produced cheaply.
work on a LX-61 and allow the other
Sinclair peripherals, su ch a s th e
16K memory and printer, to be used
with it.
The response w a s ve ry favourable and illustrated the wide variety
of backgrounds o f readers. I t was
most encouraging t o se e e n tri e s
from sch o o l p u p i l s w i t h l i m i te d
resources but nevertheless original
ideas.
The w i n n e r o f th e competition
was S t e p h e n C h u r c h m a n , o f
Bl a n d fo rd C a m p , D o r s e t , w h o
designed a n d b u i l t a p ro to typ e
which p e rfo rme d v e r y w e l l . H i s
design s t r u c k a g o o d b a l a n c e
between the hardware used and the
driving so ftw a re . T h e documentation contained good, c l e a r d i a grams. th e ma i n one o f w h i ch i s
shown and which should be possible
to follow by an amateur.
The text accompanying the entry
was w e l l -w ri tte n a n d included a
Basic listing, shown, which not only
programmed th e EPROM b u t also
checked t h e c o n te n ts o f e a c h
memory location a fte r programming. I f the memory contents o f the
2 6 0 L ET = L I S P I B S /5
2130 I F P E E K P E E K 1 6 5 1 7 T H E N G O T
0 1 0 0 0
2 7 0 L E T s'e =Y + 1
2' 80 P O K E 1 6 5 1 4 . . Y —256 * I N T t Y z 2 5 B
44
2 ' 9 0 P O K E 1 6 ' 5 1 5 I N T C Y •••25G1
3 0 0 NEXT C
3 1 0 PRI N T " J O B
F
O RS" I N X H E .
3 2 0 PR I N T " D O YOU REQ UIRE T O P P
O G R R M NH O P Eu D A T r4 I N "
3
E
R
3
- 4 0 IRF 7 _ = " Y " T
7t5"E N
5 T O G
P
H
O
T
1 30 0 0 P R I N T " E R R O R H A - S O C C U R R E D "
10
00 1 0 L E T Y - 5 7 % 7 4 4
1 10 2 e , 0P R I N0 T " E R R O R O C C U R R E D
I
1
READ- R C M
, . 0A3 0 TP R
" I N T • "DAT R y
LN
O C AT I O N I
" PEEK_ 1
,1P0 4 0 S T O P
5 U5 1 7
T S
I
N
C
L
A
Z
I
R
USER O c t obe r 2982
competition
winner
EPROM differ from those sent to it,
an error message is issued giving
the exact memory location of the
error.
The design catered for the Texas
Instruments 2516 EPROM as well as
the 2532. A word of explanation is
needed o n EPROM specification.
Like RAM chips, there are various
types o f EPROM chips available
which differ i n memory size a nd
power requirements. There are two
categories of power requirements.
namely those requiring three voltage supplies — + 12V. -1 2V and
+ 5V — and those needing only a
single power supply — + 5V.
The most popular type of EPROM
used is a 2K x 8 using a single 5 V
power supply, and therefore the TI
2516 is a good choice of chip, since
2K of memory is adequate for the
use of most experimenters and the
power supply, which was part of the
design specification, wa s kept a s
simple as possible. Also, it is possible to obtain a 2516 EPROM f or
about E 3 from one of the many mail
order companies.
The heart of the design was a n
8255 programmable pe r iphe r a l
interface which has 24 lines of input
or output which can be defined by
software. I t wa s regarded a s a n
excellent choice, since it is a MOS
chip and places almost no DC load
on the data lines and only a slight AC
load on the address lines. The chip is
selected whe n the following conditions are met.
Address
A O
Al A2 A3 A7 IOREQ
Logic Level H H H H L
This means tha t machine code
must be used to address the chip but
that was not considered to be a disadvantage, since the programmer
must be familiar with machine code
SINCLAIRUSEROctober1982
to use the EPROM anyway. Apart
from that, the normal ZX memory
map is left free and, in fact, the area
between where the Sinclair R OM
finishes (8K) and where free RAM
starts (16K) wa s chosen, whic h
could well be used to hold routines
to enhance Sinclair Basic.
The a ddr e s s w a s n o t f u l l y
decoded b u t some readers w i l l
notice t ha t t he c hip select conditions mean that other ports used
by ZX-81 a r e not affected — e.g..
the printer.
The designer us e d a two-tie r
approach to accommodate the two
PCBs inside a plastic box . Considering the short time allowed to
complete t h e de s ign, t h e fi n a l
hardware was considered to be well
DIODEandGATE
SWT
ICH
made, since the unit was completely
self-contained, including the power
supply.
There is no doubt that the biggest
impact that computers will have in
the future is in the area of process
control. There is therefore a need to
design small systems capable of executing a given sequence of instructions without further attention from
human operators.
The set of instructions must, of
course, b e tested thoroughly t o
account for every likely event, but
once t h a t h a s be e n done , t h e
program needs to be stored in some
convenient package which is both
reliable and cheap.
An EPROM fi ts those requirements and the fact that a hobbyist
can experiment with work of this
nature on an inexpensive ZX-81 is a
very positive recommendation to the
further development of this work.
The range of entries received has
proved that there is a great deal of
enthusiasm and dedication among
readers of Sinclair User. It was a tall
order to produce a working prototype in the time allowed but it has
been proved possible. N ow, wha t
can be done for the Spectrum?
74 LSOD
ID
EPROM
SOCKET
C
A
To
2B)L
(8E1
RjEIBQN
74
23
13255 PP!
74.
50
m
SO
TN
IM
INTG
C
O
MP
EN
S
4
5
Sinclair ZX Sped'
16K or 48K RAM.0
full-size movingkey keyboard...
colour and sound...
high-resolution
graphics...
From only
025!
L PRINT
First, there was the world-beating
Sinclair ZX80. The first personal computer
for under E100.
Then, the ZX81. With up to 16K RAM
available, and the ZX Printer. Giving more
power and more flexibility. Together.
they've sold over 500,00050 far, to make
Sinclair world leaders in personal
computing. And the ZX81 remains the
ideal low-cost introduction to computing.
Now there's the ZX Spectrum! With
up to 48K of RAM. A full-size moving-key
keyboard. Vivid colour and sound. Highresolution graphics. And a low price that's
unrivalled.
Professional powerpersonal computer price!
The ZX Spectrum incorporates all
the proven features of the ZX81. But its
new 16K BASIC ROM dramatically
increases your computing power
You have access to a range of 8
colours for foreground, background and
border, together with a sound generator
and high-resolution graphics.
You have the facility to support
separate data files.
You have a choice of storage capacities (governed by the amount of RAM).
16K of RAM (which you can uprate later
to 48K of RAM) or a massive 48K of RAM.
Yet the price of the Spectrum 16K
is an amazing £125! Even the popular
48K version costs only £175!
You may decide to begin with the
16K version. If so. you can still return it later
for an upgrade. The cost?Around £60.
46
S
I
N
Ready to use today,
easy to expand tomorrow
Your ZX Spectrum comes with a mains
adaptor and all the necessary leads to
connect to most cassette recorders
and TVs (colour or black and white).
Employing Sinclair BASIC (now used
in over 500.000 computers worldwide)
the ZX Spectrum comes complete with
two manuals which together represent a
detailed course in BASIC programming.
Whether you're a beginner or a competent
programmer, you'll find them both of immense help. Depending on your computer
experience, you'll quickly be moving
into the colourful world of ZX Spectrum
professional-level computing.
There's no need to stop there. The
ZX Printer-available now- is fully
compatible with the ZX Spectrum. And
later this year there will be Microdhves for
massive amounts of extra on-line storage,
plus an RS232 /network interface board.
L
LIST
I
N
Key features of the
Sinclair ZX Spectrum
• Full colour - 8 colours each for
foreground, background and border,
plus flashing and brightness-intensity
control.
• Sound -BEEP command with variable
pitch and duration
• Massive RAM -16K or 48K.
• Full-size moving-key keyboard- all
keys at normal typewriter pitch, with
repeat facility on each key.
• High-resolution - 256 dots
horizontally x 192 vertically, each
individually addressable for true highresolution graphics.
, • ASCII character set-with upper- and
lower-case characters.
• Teletext-compatible-user software
can generate 40 characters per line
or other settings
• High speed LOAD & SAVE-16K in 100
seconds via cassette, with VERIFY&
MERGE for programs and separate
data files
• Sinclair 16K extended BASICincorporating unique 'one-touch'
keyword entry, syntax check, and
report codes.
C
L
A
I
R
USER O c t obe r 1982
rum
The ZX Printeravailable now
The ZX Microdrive coming soon
De sig n e d e xclu sive ly for use with the
Sin cla ir ZX range of co mp u te rs, the
p rin te r offers ZX Sp e ctru m o wn e rs the full
The new Microdrives, designed
especially for the ZX Spectrum, are set to
change the face of personal computing.
Each Microdrive is capable of holding
up to 100K bytes using a single interchangeable microfloppy.
The transfer rate is 16K bytes per
second, with average access time of 3.5
seconds. And you'll be able to connect up
to 8 ZX Microdrives to your ZX Spectrum.
All the BASIC commands required for
the Microdrives are included on the
Spectrum.
A remarkable breakthrough at a
remarkable price. The Microdrives are
available later this year, for around E
ASCII character set -inc luding lower-case
characters and high-resolution graphics.
A special feature is COPY which
prints out exactly what is on the whole TV
screen without the need for further
instructions. Printing speed is SO characters per second, with 32 characters
per line and 9 lines per vertical inch.
The ZX Printer connects to the rear of
your ZX Spectrum. A roll of paper (65ft
long and 4in wide) is supplied, along with
full instructions_ Further supplies of paper
are available in packs of five rolls.
How to order your ZX Spectrum
RS232 /network
interface board
This interface, available later this
year, will enable you to connect your
ZX Spectrum to a whole host of printers,
terminals and other computers.
The potential is enormous. And the
astonishingly low price of only E20 is
possible only because the operating
systems are already designed into the
ROM.
ZX Spectrum
Available only
by mail order
and only from
Sinclair Research Ltd,
Stanhope Road. Camberley,
Surrey. GU15 3PS
Tel Ca mb e rle y (0276) 685311
SINCLAIR USER O ct o b e r 1982
BY PHONE-Access, Barclaycard or
Trustcard holders can call 01-200 0200 for
personal attention 24 hours a day, every
day. BY FREEPOST-use the no-stamp
needed coupon below. You can pay by
cheque, postal order, Barclaycard,
Access or Trustcard
EITHER WAY-please allow up to 28
days for delivery. And there's a 14-day
money-back option, of course. We want
you to be satisfied beyond doubt -and we
have no doubt that you will be.
Or de r
F
Code Item Price T o t T
al
T City I t e m
1
100
125.00
T
Sinclair ZX Spectrum -16K RAM version
101
175.00
Sinclair ZX Spectrum -48K RAM version
o
59.95
27
Sinclair ZX Printer
:
16
11,95
Printer paper (pack of 5 rolls)
S
28
2.95
Postage and packing: orders under E100
i
29
4.95
5
orders over E,100
n
Total E
c
l Please tick if you require a VAT receipt E
a *I enclose a cheque/postal order payable to Sinclair Research Ltd for E
i *please charge to my A cce ss/B a rcla yca rd /Tru stca rd a cco u n t no.
delete/c omplete
I I
r *Please
as applicable
I
R
[Signature
t l
e PLEASE PRINT
I I
s
I I
11
iName: Mr/Mrs/Miss
I I I
e
I I
I
I II I
a [Address I I
I
I I
l Il I
r ! I M P
I I
t I I
I I
t SUS 810
c I1 1 L I
I
I
h FRE E P O S T- no stamp needed. P r i c e s apply to UK only. E x p o r t prices on application.
,
F
47
R
E
L
1
_
_
_
Now! For the SPECTRUM 48K!
1
EDUCATIONAL C O M P U T I N G
on t h e
AiktratelLat
Addictive
Vames
• THE
for
Door
SPECTRUM
TRS80
VIDEO GENIE
LI TTLE
APAIMES
W HI CH ARE
BIG
EOUCAT ORS
N
collec
N
o
on
offer
c
kW
so $O ItItip
P . 411 ke st A s e t 0 1 p e O g rarn M 0 1 1 0 t as
m
r no r a w
$111Cletat TX 111 I n to a 0 0 P r Ot e d u c e h o n e t t o o t
m
P
A nd y o u d o e r A v o n n e e d t o * n o w w o e te n u n tn e
r a a r s a r a W e a l tn e ttu c to o n s e n d p l e nu
tay o l t i p s
e dr ic e . O e u i e n o d t o pito r o u n d d i n t I o t e c t t o e
ct
1,0• D e m m e r . A s a r ne te t h r o w n antedectoon a dte c oe te ly .
ta
Inc t ides
Educ are s
,
* gomolittA
V
_ I R T A T I K E V i t i n t fi r E T I N I M
Y
l i w
. A
i f I E laliNAT EL WIf f IrlIE
imf
S
_
nCitATIE
D Ami
=
. M N i t t osl tlutni ro
n t n ro n
E
MIL - 1 1 1 = A T I M
11Mb— _ dia
4 lMEMIEr wr Em e m l,1 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 1 7 1 ffi t=
1 ric•A• RS T E A t t FOR EA ( i l , 1
r t
M
1MTW
I iS1W I W A W A V A M V A W A
NA iI1M1f M- u
nC0A1rM
re simula tkon. T h is is a n e xciting a nd highly e njoya ble ga me in
••••
I This
- is N OT a me
N
vv.
i c h yom
u p la g
y therpae
rt a t a Footba ll M a na ge r coping w it h the proble m s a nd
t wrhW
N
•u
MnVs -in
IN
I1Md Iin.MruAn nMin gMyoI uMr clu
I NbI. TMh eVreI aI reS sVo im a n y fe a tu re s it i s
- A
d e cisio
vo.lve
them
m here but include d a re torm (top te e ms N OR M ALLY win).
l impossible
l u i to
n list
g
• ge b ills t o pa y, a n d yo u ca n e ve n b e sa cke d ! I t i s a g a m e
.••• g ia n t - killin g s. wa
re quiring a gre)a t de a l 01 skill. a nd pe ople p la y I t tor lite ra lly hours o n e nd Ives
have PROOF!).
WE GU AR AN TF
EE t h a t t h is i s o n e o l t h e b e st co m p u te r g a m e s yo u 've e ve r
Pialsod!
*
- B U T BEWAR E, th is ga me is e xtre me ly a ddictive !
4
r i t ‘ i M
D RE Q UI RE D
I DARDV k ARE
r ar air Nen(' ( A r o , P E 7,95
wad.' p u n l m , let 411111( TIO' ( A W E S
O
I M MSpec
W t rat"(
TRS80/
a r D e w S .C . P . O . 8 0 .1 ( 1111
ns RAM L
Video Genie
M A ImiW
ON V IIITIO1 1 0 1 4
i x Eli
LE V E L II
TO% A t T1 1 ,S % TA U M t
A
s
16KRAM
15K R A M
1
I
,
i
V O M M
1
o
1
S I M M
A
N
W S V I
S
S
T
A
5
I
d
1
I M M I
,
r
ZX81
All programmes
IK
Creative use of
graphics
Many innovative
odeas
Ful l y doc um e nt e d
includes m a ny
garnets
l
TORTOISE
d
A sin sp irt
wersion •of t
fhamous
Tu rt le
e
pr ogr arome
COOED MISSILE
IK PROGRAMMES
Co mb in e s t h e
fun o f a rca d e
P RI MARY
E DUCATI O N
games w i t h
tear ntoq
f4.95 onl
y
• Times-tattleP
e • Sets
Graeh-pintter • Histogram 0 Simon-spell • Ski, iLlibuard
Series-quiz • X Y coordinates • Count • EquatiOns • Areas • Guess-a -Volume
Angles • Upstairs -Downstairs • Music - notes • 5
,
Mastermind
•• Number
• + •26Snake
more
Temperature
Clock shoot
• Money
E D u c A R
'
,. s a i . s
•
W
17
o1 E eD U•C AOR Eo I f I encl ose c he
• que pos ta l or der t o t I
,
S
p
e
l
l
E
1 1 3 9 a S l oane S t i l yi nne
P
I
I
l
SVVI
X
9AY
l
A
c
k
i
l
e
s
'
'
1
L
e
o
a
Las r a w 'owe aerieci e . I , S e n d insple•
n
s
d
e
o
s
n
e
n
d
m
1
M M I I
e
1
M W M
,
1
A
C
u
O
GOBOLEMAN E t . r . we
p Iron. mum- riiii••
M
_m as ts to a t poor er d ai i s a n d th e n g o b b i e
P
A
L
oame
E3 95
t
o
'
Nt A M TIR R A ID E R S r i l .i g t h i s p e e d . q u i c k
a
ahc ti o n a r c a d e w i t h l o u r s e p a r a te
R
ger Ou p s o f a tta c k e r s CI3 .9 5
Who lean a rec onnais anc e
GA L A X i A N S Sg c o o p i n g ar lar ,k er sd. e x p l o s i o n s a n d
mis s ion your plane loses Control and you arr.
sed scoring
£1195
h
forced 10 land, Can you survive and escapf
o
witrt
the is land's hidden secret? MOO
o
,
i
UTILITIES:
s
PLANET OF DEATH (Adventure Al
rt OOL KIT F i e poWer
_ tut ne w runCliOnS
YOU fi nd y ours elf s tranded On ac.
s
• •
c
alien planet Ca n you reac h y our s hip and
S
. o g r a r n M ingo s ir ing
escape? MOO
t CS•95
i i••••].•• l
ZX CHESS II
• 3 0 in t u
I NCA CURSE 'Adventure 8)
SPEC BUG — A
, T i r r d ei tool and
A new improv ed version. wit h a laSter response
itis a s s e m ble r oFor vour d• “le c tr U M r e . 9 5
In a 'tingle c learing you Come ac ros s an
a
time. seven levels of play. analy s is option ,3nd in
a F u l l e doi to r a s s e m tr i e r a n d m o n i to r
A S S E M B LE R —
anc ient Inca t emple Y our mis s ion to enter
addit ion a rec ommended move option f 9 , 9 5
t
s
guying an eKtremehr TiOn•
n nriut W O For wr iting a nd
c ollec t the treas ure and es c ape aliv e B u t
SPECTRUM CHESS f 1 3 _ 9 5
r u n n i n g m a c h tm e c o d e g
p r o g r a m s o n[ y our ZX 81 a n d
beware
S p e c tr u m I n c lou d e s us er m a n u a l £ 9 . 9 5
r
,
ZX CHESS I
SHIP
OF DOOM 'Adventure Ci
ZS t w o - A 3 a0 i n m a c he i n e c o d e to7o l a n d
d i s a s s e r n h l e r rIn , .o u .ZtC
H
l
f
9
.
9
5
I n care
l unav oidably drawn to an alien c ruis er
0
You
r
v er
c
Can
you reac h the c ontrol room and free
i
u
d
e
levels
of
play
and
an
analy
s
is
Option
A
v
ailable
y
a
y Ours elP Or will they gel y ou fi rs t / Inc ludes a
v
for ZX81 E6•50
s
1
d
Cassette
save routine £7.00
p
a
e
a FORTH
l
ZX
o
1 Z X 1K CHESS
:
c a
Supplied
on c as s ette with editor cassette
p
1
16A R a m P ac k k
se rs manuals and k ey board Overlay ZX Fort h
P
t
U
S
•
A rrot only E2.95
E29.50
u
s
u
l
0
32K
R
a
m
P
a
c
k
s
,
b
l
e
E38 95 c o em bt i n e s the s implic it y of bas ic wit h the
r
( a)
*a SnP Et C T R U M C H ESS 48K
6.40c R a m P a c k s
(64.95 s p e e d of mac hine Code all for only E35.00.
e
l
t e
i r
n
i
1
K
s
n
m
e
a pay able to Art ic Comput ing
a
c heques & 0 made
Limited
s
v your order is tor 7X111 or Spec trum
Please
state
whether
c
e
h
r
i
o
I
R
T
I
fi
l
C
O
M
P
U
T
I
N
G
ALWAY
S
A
n
u
,
e
t
c
HEAD
W I T H
Z X 8 1 /
i
S
P
E
C
T
R
U
M
48 o
', I NCLAI R USER O c t obe r 19112
n
d
S
O
F
T
W
A
R
E
e
e
m
L
_
_
_
_
ARCADE GAMES
_
_
_
t
•
vONNI„,_ ADDITIONAL
cO S
,
1
Push your Sinclair tothe m i t
A
GREAT
CHESS
GAME FOR YOUR ZX81
OR SPECTRUM *
R
•
H
U
L
R
A
M
396 JAMES
RECKITI
P
L - ,A VN.
HU8 OJA
N U E
AEHUMBERSIDE,
C
K
p,OVGAMES
EN TLifio
4
s o ESPIONAGE
ISLAND
„
Simple English. PtUs
At long last, someone has written a book on
computers that even Aunt Emily can understand
That someone is none other than Dennis
Jarrett: doyen of simple English and former
Managing Editor of WHICH COMPUTER? and
Practical Computing. And his book is called The
Good Computing Book for Beginners.
If you're not a beginner, don't let the title
put you off. Because this book provides a
wonderful opportunity of clearing up any grey
areas of your knowledge.
And a glance at the chapter headings down
below may well give the impression that this
book is fun to read. You would be right. It's the
brightest way imaginable of learning all about
computers.
There's also a complete language guide to
computer-jargon mumbo-jumbo in a glossary
of terms that's as comprehensive as you'll find
anywhere.
All in all, you'll find this book does for
computers what Berlitz did for languages.
In 304 pages. And at a modest 0.95.
Enrol here!
Your course in computers.
Introduction to the
introduction - computer
myths, why they ore beong
dispelled, and the truth
about computers.
2
What goes on inside-a
swift canter thiough the
heavy technology, avoiding
irrelevant and/or difficult
ideas: processors, chips.
memory, I/O.
What's a persona/
computer?- new readers
start here, because this is
all you need to know: what
can it do? What's available?
And where do you buy a
computer?
What to look for- how to
buy a small computer, or at
least how to avoid complete
disappointment.
SINCLAIR USER O ct o b e r I 982
I ilenclose cheque for E m a d e payable to FCC Publications.
Name
Address
I ]Please charge my credit card the sum off
Name of credit card
Number
practical glossary- facts,
makes
6 Aopinions,
3 Programmes-what
references and a
the computer tick, or at
least where the noise comes
from: system software,
applications, the pleasant
and unpleasant faces of
programming.
' l e a s e send me c o p y ( le s ) of the Good Computing Book for
Beginners at E1.95 each plus 50p for postage and packing.
few personalities.
Signed
Now read on -
Now post please to ECC Publications,
30-31 Islington Green, London N1 811I.
Telephone enquiries: 01-359 7481.
recommended reading,
with notes.
4
9
Data-Assette entered the ZX-81 market
via its tape business. It now sees its future
tied closely to the Sinclair machine
Leading the way into
new export markets
anonymous blue door in a sideA
treet in the centre of London
S
is the only clue that behind it is one
of t h e fa s t- g r o w i n g co mp a n i e s
M
which i s taking advantage o f th e
A
Lexplosion in demand fo r the ZX-81.
It is a company which is becoming
Lmuch better-known overseas than it
w
is in this country.
o Despite i t s business i n Bri ta i n
ohaving grown substantially i n th e
dlast ye a r, i t s e x p o r t sa l e s h a v e
egrown e v e n fa s te r . I t a n s w e r s
nqueries re g u l a rl y fr o m a n d plays
host to ZX-8 1 enthusiasts fro m all
sover the world.
i Data-Assette attracted the attengtion o f Z.X-81 users when i t intronduced the ZX-99 tape control system
oin April. It entered an add-on market
nwhich w a s depressed i n B r i ta i n
abecause of the launch o f the Specntrum. The market for exports, however, was just beginning to expand.
"We launched th e ZX-99 when
the market was reasonably mature
in Britain but i t was only just starting i n the re st o f the w o rl d and I
order with us they were also asking
for o th e r i te ms f r o m o th e r companies.
"We are finding that people from
overseas p re fe r t o go to a single
supplier i n th e ce n tre o f London
rather th a n having to visit a l l the
add-on su p p l i e rs th ro u g h o u t t h e
country."
The re su l t i s th a t th e company
now acts as an export agent in most
of Western Europe and the Englishspeaking world for a number of companies, i n c l u d i n g K a y d e a n d
Phoenix Ma rke ti n g f o r hardware,
and software houses such as IRS.
Arti c and Carnet!.
Data-Assette is the latest venture
by a n American, Pete Wi l l s, w h o
bought a small Bri ti sh ma i l o rd e r
company which was i n diffi culties
two-and-a-half years ago. He managed t o t u r n ro u n d th e company
initially b y se l l i n g c l o c k r a d i o
recorders aimed at Open University
students w h o co u l d u se th e m t o
record t h e i r l e ctu re s, b ro a d ca st
usually at awkward hours.
The company then expanded into
range of personal computers but the
biggest proportion o f them a re fo r
the Sinclair market," Boyle says.
The company expanded later into
the mass production o f tapes f o r
software houses and then development of the ZX-99.
"Both the owner and I have Sinclairs and we soon realised th a t i t
did not do all we wanted it to do, so
we found someone to build what we
wanted," Bo yl e sa ys. " W e w e r e
talking initially about a switching
unit a n d w e w e n t fr o m th e re t o
something which would work under
program control."
He adds that after developing the
tape control system, th e company
found it had some spare space in the
read-only memory. It was decided to
use it by adding an RS232C printer
interface.
the market for hi-fi accessories. One
allows
of th e ma j o r markets w a s selling
W people to have all the facilicassette tapes wholesale. It became ties
e of the Spectrum, apart from
aware of the home computer market sound
n and colour graphics, just by
when it began to have a demand for buying a ZX-81 add-on," Boyle says.
o
short tapes on which to record pro"The response has been phenow We a re receiving about 20
grams. Data-Assette was set up to menal.
h
take advantage of that.
enquiries
a day about it. We realised
"We now supply tapes for the full theamarket was big but we did not
v
e
C
L
A
I
R
USER Oc tobe r 1982
a
'The ZX-99 entered a depressed British
add-on market but the market for exports
was just beginning to expand'
think that helped us a great deal."
says sales manager Nigel Boyle.
"Whereas users i n this country
already h a d many o f th e add-ons
available i n th e market a n d w e re
buying t h e ZX-9 9 t o supplement
them, people overseas w e r e o n l y
just beginning to look a t the add-on
market a n d when th e y placed a n
50
S
I
N
company
profile
Gwen Shal:cian and Nigel Boyle study their new copying machine.
realise how big." Company growth
can b e seen f rom t he turnov er
figures. In April. 1981 sales were
slightly more than E1.200. In April.
1982 they were E16,000 in Britain,
with another E3,000 in exports. By
June. ex port sales had ris en t o
E9,000 but sales i n Britain had
fallen to E6,000.
"Sales a r e v ary ing bet ween
E15,000 a n d E20,000 a mo n t h a n d
we are aiming for profi t on that of
about 30 percent," says Mrs Gwen
Shafieian. She adds that although
the company still sells goods in the
old markets, by far the largest part
of its turnover is i n the Sinclair
market.
As the company is growing so
quickly, all the profi t is ploughed
back for further development and
keeping Da ta-Assette working from
day to day.
In common with all small, rapidlyexpanding bus ines s es . D a t a Assette has t o be careful that i t
keeps tight control on its fi nancial
position. Cash-flow always has to be
watched carefully t o make s ure
there is sufficient to pay bills when
they arrive. Suppliers usually are
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r 1
982
wary of new, small companies in the
volatile mail-order, home-computer
market and can be unwilling to give
extended credit facilities.
"Luckily the owner has a good
deal of business experience and
makes sure we can walk before we
try to run. Often he is able to spot the
problems before they arise and so
we can take steps to reduce them,"
Mrs Shafieian says.
She adds that the move into the
export market was an example of
the difficulties which could arise.
She says that Data-Assette also
needs t o take ex t ra c are o f it s
customers, as mail-order companies
generally have a poor reputation for
delivery.
"We k eep plenty o f stock t o
ensure that we can satisfy orders in
a reasonable time and i f we are
unable to meet an order immediately, we keep customers informed
of what is happening." she says.
Although the company is wary of
expanding rapidly. it has plenty of
plans f or growth. I t is looking t o
increase the export side and the
mass p ro d u c t i o n o f p r o g r a m
cassettes.
Talks are being held with Mitsui,
the firm which sells the ZX-81 in the
Far East, to sell hardware and programs i n Japan, Singapore and
Hong-kong. I t is also looking f or
more manufacturers in Britain for
which it can act as agent. Mills is at
present in the States to oversee the
increasing business there.
To cope with growth in tape duplication it has had a special copying
machine bui l t whi c h allows 5 0
copies to be made at a time. It has
opted for the slower copying system
to achieve higher quality and fewer
bad tapes.
At present t he company buys
high-quality Agfa PE68 tape for the
blank tapes it sells wholesale and
has them wound by a sub-contractor
but is thinking of doing it itself.
Another possibility is to set up a
retail outlet in the centre of London
to serve the many overseas visitors.
At present, the offices in Shroton
'In April, 1981 sales were slightly more
than ELMO. I n April, 1982 they were
E16,000 in Britain with E3,000 in exports'
Although the company would like
the market to grow, it has to be sure
that it has sufficient capital to cover
the increase in the payment period.
We sen t 3 0 9 9 s t o F ran ce i n
April and the payment has only just
been cleared. W e had t o hav e
sufficient to pay the bills while that
money was tied-up."
Street. near Marylebone Station,
serve as showroom; the company
would like premises where it could
sell a full range of hardware and
software.
Other schemes included are an
adaptation of the Z X
Spectrum
and the development of
software for the business market.
99 t o
fi
t
t h e
51
Make sure you
get it each month
What is the best way to guarantee that you
never become bored with your Sinclair
computer?
The answer is to subscribe to Sinclair User,
written specifically for owners of ZX-80s,
ZX-81s and Spectrums. Sinclair User is the
latest montly from ECC Publications —
pioneers of Practical Computing, WHICH
COMPUTER?, and Computer & Video
Games. Whether you bought your system
yesterday or are an old hand, you are probably
an enthusiast for your machine ad your biggest
problem is likely to be obtaining all the
information to satisfy your interest. Sinclair
User is devoted to quenching your thirst for
information.
As the name suggests, the content is geared
specifically to helping you, the user. There are
pages of information on available hardware
and software. Our aim is to make Sinclair
User invaluable and we chronicle applications
which are of special interest.
52
Can you continue to obtain the most from
your Sinclair without reading Sinclair User
every month? So why not fill the subscription
order form today? Send it to Sinclair User,
ECC Publications, 30-31 Islington Green,
London N1 813J
1
Overseas rile s Eure pe EiS . Ourude Europe EN Including air ma ll poPadel Lheques should
l'se made payable to I C r
Subscription Order Form
wish to start a subscription to Sinclair User. I
understand that I may cancel my subscription at any time
and you will refund the balance.
D I enclose a cheque for E9 for 12 issues o n l y including postage).
El Please charge my credit card.
Card Name
N
o
.
Address
Signed
Date
SI NCLA IR USER O c t o b e r 1982
Taking the short
route to success
Philip Joy looks at readers' chess games
draw i t is much longer. I f you send
the games I would prefer you to use
the fi rst method of notation; it is the
more standard one and is easier to
read. I f you have another method
which you feel is just as good, please
send it.
Gross, who has looked closely at
Arti c ZXchessII. spent many hours
playing i t a n d fo u n d so me v e r y
interesting results but they did not
prove how the game played.
He has sent a table showing what
he thinks i s th e number o f moves
that chessII looks ahead o n each
level:
written saying th a t th i s page
S does n o t i n c l u d e s u ffi c i e n t
Idetails about the famous mind game,
chess. Wi th details fro m his letter
M
and t w o chess games I hope t o
O
rectify this. First, a game sent by D
N
Egdoll, of Glasgow w i th details of a
G
game i n w h i ch h e played against
rArtic Computing ZXchessII.
o
DE 7 i ( c h e s s i l
Whit
s1 e 2 - e 4 e eB 7l -a ec 5k
s2 8 1 - f 3
b
8
e
6
o34 flc -4 c 4x f7 ch 0 f 7 4 - g6 6
f5 1 3 - 8 5 ch f 7 - g 6
I67 hh 42 -- hh 54 ch h 7f - 6 h 6x h5
Level
no. of moves looked ahead
2
p8 d l x h5 ch g 6 - 1 6
0
9 h 5 - f 7
1
6
x g5
4
s10 h l - h 5
g
5
g
4
4
2
3
4
w11 f 7 - 1 5 checkmate
5
4
i Another game is from P Robertson
6
5
7 or more.
cof Birmingham, w h o p l a ye d t h e
Micro-Gen version of chess at level
Where the moves are the same, in
h2.
j l , 2 and 3, the time taken for a move
.
PC
Mic ro-gen
hwhit e black
e5
1
e4
a2
Nc 6
N13
Nf 5
Bc4
s3
d5
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
18
17
18
B
Q
R
Q
Q
Q
Ng5
ad
Nf7
QI3 +
Nc3
a3
Kdl
Nd5
d4
f 4
1 4 +
e l
1 5 +
e 5 +
e 6 checkmate
Nd5
Kf7
Ke6
Nb4
Nc2 +
Na l
Kd6
c8
of
Kd7
b5
Kd6
Kd7
'For the player
to win, it is a
short game; if the
computer wins it is
much longer'
was nine, 12 and 80 seconds. This
might show th a t th e game uses a
different
method to w o r k o u t th e
Both games w e r e w o n b y t h e
person who sent them. Wh y do you moves on those levels. He adds that
not se n d a g a me i n w h i c h t h e to look five moves ahead at the start
of t h e g a m e m a y s h o w m a n y
computer won?
Both show th a t you can win in a thousands of possibilities but in the
few moves, w h i ch should prove to end game, fi ve moves ahead might
people who fi n d a ZX-81 program not be possible, as checkmate is in
diffi cult to beat that it can be done. two.
From the letters I receive it seems
I think the computer should look
ahead
as much as possible until its
that for the player to win, it is a short
game; i f the computer wins or it is a memory c a n h o l d n o mo re . T h e
SI NCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
5
levels should decide h o w l o n g
spends doing this.
If you have done similar work on
the version of chess you have, send
the results.
I shall leave you w i th a problem
sent by Gross which you to can tr y
on your version of chess for ZX-81. If
your version lets the computer play
itself, d o th a t, otherwise l e t th e
computer play black. I t is black's
move and it has to avoid being mated
in three.
The position, i n standard chess
notation, i s : Wh i te : k i n g o n h i ,
queen e l . rooks e2 and e3, pawns
h2, g2, f2 and a5;
Black: king h8, queen a6. rooks b8
and a8, pawns ctl, f7. g7 and h7.
ZXchessIl w a s ma te d i n th re e
moves at levels 0 to 5. It escaped in
level 6 but took 7,200 seconds. Send
your re su l ts a n d ma ke th e m a s
detailed as possible. One good fi rst
move for black is a6-c6.
The winner of the competition, in
which I asked fo r th e address to
which a program should j u mp to
give the amount of free memory was
Colin N o rri s o f S t a n f o r d
-Essex.
l e Congratulations and if he sends a
-blank tape, with at least 20 minutes
each side. I will record a copy of my
H
ope.
Adventure.
The answer was 61. So to find the
amount o f spare memory p ri n t the
line PRINT USR 61.
Anyone wishing t o w r i te to me
about items in this column, or other
Mind Games, can contact me at 130
Rush Green Road, Romford, Essex. If
you send tapes or other information
which y o u w o u l d l i k e re tu rn e d ,
p l e a se e n c l o s e a s t a m p e d addressed envelope.
3
1
ZX SPECTRUM CITY
Within a few weeks of getting our first z x -el we had a good working version of
• 'MONOPOLY
been
kicking one another ever since! However, it was developed in parallel to a
mainframe
g a me c alled " C I T Y " wh ic h WEIS a n enhanc ed v ers ion o f
. W e
"MONOPOLY"
played on a street map of London rather than the standard
d i d
board. The street map took up a few hundred kilobytes and thus was not easily
n o t
put into the ZX-81 Th e basic mechanics& the game are available tor the ZX-81
tbut h
i
the game
is played on a blank map. The streets are constructed with the
n
k
buildings.
Now, along came the SPECTRUM with 481( of RAM and in went the
i
street
map, not London but an imaginary town, The colour facilities made the
t
program
simpler than the mainframe version because much more information
can
w beodisplayed to the player on one screen. In the end 'CITY" is not at all like
the
that inspired it. Everyone that we have invited to test it says that it is
u game
l
much better
d
,
16K ZX-81 CITY EC 4 8 K ZX SPECTRUM CITY 18,
s
e
l
l
s
o
A
w variable format database on which nothing need to pre-defi ned. It adapts to
your
needs as you use it. Conventional searches. sorts, updates. merges, etc.
e
become
s
c a thing of the past. Our local "EXPERTS SYSTEMS" expert is quite
worried about it
r
a
16K
p
p ZX-81 A DB S 19, 1 6 or 48K ZX SPECTRUM A DB S (14
e
d
SPECIAL OFFER
i
You can now buy our top three z x -at games together for the special price of
t19.95. The Planet Game, Elephant and Castlc plus Dominoes vvnold normally
.cost 114. This offer is until December only
W
e
h
a
v
e
161 Walmers ley Road, Bury , Lanc as hire B19 SUE.
ZX ASSOCIATIVE DATABASE
SYSTEM
DOCIMODUS
NEW FROM
AFDEC
ZX
Ei
Ei
I
Serious Application Software
for your
16K ZX-81/SPECTRUM
IN C OM E TA X
I Please specifyl
Checks PAYE coding by offering you all likely allowances displays a nd prints your coding a nd its make-up, the n
powerful facilities automatically calculate N I a nd P AY E
deductions to five years net pay for next week or month.
Options for overtime, salary increases, etc. Plan your income
for (6.50.
BRIDGE
Ideal for all bridge players. Enter contract bid and made,
BRIDGE does the rest for you. Al l over — trick, slam,
doubled points etc. Displays and prints scorecard, totals for
5 rubbers a nd all hands played. A high-class program
excellent value at E6.50.
SALES LEDGER
Excellent small business system, prints cash received/sales
day books on monthly basis, maintains ledger for 5 0 +
accounts, prints statements, names and addresses, etc.
Only E10.
Also RE TAI L ACCO UNTI NG (LW. INDE X /RE TRIE V AL
SYSTEM ([6.50)
• • E2 off any 2 • • E5 off any 4 **
*Tailor-made software developed — please contact us
for a prompt quotation
ZX SA S
42/
(sae45
forNew
more
Broad
details)
St, London EC2M 10Y
AFDEC
ELECTRONICSLTD
ELECTRONICSLTD
KEYBOARDNOWREADY
ZX-PANDA
EXPANDABLE 16K RAM for ZX-81
*
*
*
*
*
*
•
•
*
*
1 6 3 8 4 bytes of extra random access memory (16K)
Ex pandable to 32K with easily fitted internal plug-in module *
S i mp l y plugs into rear expansion port of the ZX-81 c omput er
N o additional power supply required
L e d power indicator
At t rac t iv e black custom made case contoured for stability
Compac t size (76 x 9 1 x 2 8 mm approx.)
Compat ible wit h most expansion systems
Fu l l 1 year parts and labour guarantee
Ex c ept ionally low fully inclusive prices
ZX-PANDA 16K Expandable RAM pack — E25_00
ZX-PANDA 16K Expansion RAM module — E19.95
Prices include VAT and Deliv ery
* Deliv ery from Stock
* The only available 16K RAM pack that is directly
* ex pandable to 32K using a plug-in module that
* fi t s neatly inside the original RAM pack case
A professional quality Keyboard for your ZX-81. Only E25 On
built, tested. cased. Incl. VAT and delivery,
Easily fitted
Repeat facility
High quality engraved keys
Fully tested, cased and guaranteed
Long life heysw itch 1 0
Tactile
feel
7
o p e r a t i o n s
m
i
n
Cheques/PO please to
-318AItempshott
F D E Clane, Basingstoke, Hants
Please
E
L ESupply
C T R
Z XN- PI ACN S
D A 16KExpandableRAMpacks
O
Z X - P A N D A 16KExpanderto32Kforabove
L
3 2 KT RAMpack
D
P r o f e s s i o n a l Key boards
(25 00
(19 95
(39 95
(25 00
Total
Name
Address
ME C ELECTRONICS LTD. 318 Kernosholl Lane, Basingstoke, Hants.
54
SINCLAIR USER Oc tobe r 1982
As s e e n o n B B C TV "Comput er Programme"
* B I G EARS
ZX 8 1 & 16K
SPEECH
THE TOMB OF
INPUT
FOR ANY
COMPUTER
-lugely s uc c es s ful Speec h Rec ognit ion Sy s tem
D U )
H O R R O R
complete with microphone, software and full ms t ruc l, o
BUILT
TESTED & GUARANTEED
O
N
L
Y
E 4 9
,
PLEASE
STATE
COMPUTER.
01(101.
SUPERBOARD.
NASCOM2.
;,
A D VEN TU R E G A M E !
Vic 20 M i r r o n ZXBa'81 P E T. TRS80 M7FICK. A P I
,
LE I : ,
B B C
M I C R O
O c c u p y in g o v e r 1 3 7 . A o f m e m o r y , a s u p e r b 3 D g r a p h ic s
ZX80 Z X 8 1
adventure g a me f or t he ZX 8 1 w i t h 1 6K RA M, f o r o n l y
E3.95! Ent er Drac ula' s t o mb at 3 0 minut es t o sunset
wa n d e r t hrough t h e t o m b s p r e - ma p p e d 3 0 0 v ault s i n
search of the fabled Vampire's Treasure p i c k up valuable
silver stakes and use t hem t o def end y ours elf agains t t he
lurking horrors g h o u l s , zombies. pits of primaev al slime
See t hem all on t he ZX8 1 's plan of t he t o mb , w h e n it
will let you' Tak e a chance on a Mystery Vault i f you dare!
And all t he t ime t he minut es are t ic k ing by t o s uns et
when Drac ula rises f rom his c of fi n and c omes af t er y_t_:_at!
Each of the infi nite levels of the t omb has its own 3 0 0 vaults
go as deep as you like. t he Princ e of Dark nes s will seek
you O u t i n h i s blood-lus t ' W A R N I N G : p e o p l e o f a n
exceptionally nerv ous dis pos it ion s hould play t his g a me
only during t he hours of day light ' Spec ial facility enables a
game in progress to be saved on tape so you can c ont inue it
whenev er you choose
MUSIC SYN TH ESISER
+ 1 6 LIN E C ON TR OL POR T
P lay 3 • P a r t m u S i C , s o u n a e l e c t s ,
drums etc Fu l l c ont rol of attac k , dec ay
and frequency InputiOutput lines provide
control and monit or facility f or Rome Security. Robot Control
Model Railway etc. etc Works with or without 16K RAM
Add k ey board t o mak e a liv e perf ormanc e p o l v o •
Full
ins truc tions iIs oftware inc luded.
AMAZING
AT ONLY E l 9 •
iExtra
c n i c 23sway
v -connectors
I n e s i VALUE
sate C
2- SO
5
0
(K I T)
The "Compos er
- M u s i c MODULATOR
KIT El 2
COLOUR
P
BUILT
R G rB , 9o g 0 r „
t
r o t ' or ZX ,
a m
KIT E 4 5
UK101/NASCOM
COLOUR GRAPHICS
(
1
6
BUILT E60
Inc Mo d u la t o r S t ill the best s ellin• s s t em!
K
)
Please add VAT at t o all prices
All anthill' es
E
S A E oleasۥ
Barclayi'Access orders ac c epted by t elephone
7
01101I t - ip
Dower Rous e, Billeric ay Roac
A
Herongate,
B
rent
woo0i
C
Essex CM13 3S0
E
S Y S 2T E M S Lt d Telephone B re n t wo o d (02771810244
5
.
5
0
(
B
U
I
L
T
)
Price of only E 3 . 9 5 inc ludes ready -t o-load c as s et t e wi t h
library case and inlay, full instructions, postage and packing.
Order t oday ' Mo n e y ref unded if not delight ed! Send cash.
P 0 or cheque to
\A/ILLIAN/1
STUART
MO V I E DRO ME V I DE O (Dept St.13).
19 Leight on Avenue, Pinner, HAS 3 B W
DOI / S pectrum C om pute r Software
'ORBITER' Si 'GROUND ATTACK: Simply the
most amaz ing ZX-Spec t rum arcade games available.
O R B I T E R Fast end tunous action is what you get in this
dirldiing D e f e n d e r
All the excitement of the arcade inhabits your micro
Aggressive aliens flash detOSS the screen as you try to destroy
style
them wit h your laser-bolts and smart bombs, while rescuing
pther humanoids
o g r a m
f
o Orbit
r er is writ t en ent irely in m•c
arcade
features,
reverse, hyper-specie,
a n scanners,
d
t
h c eo d einc luding
continuous
scoring
and sound effects, plus humanoids,
h
d
s
Zhanders,
X - mutants and all the other alien nesties whic h mak e it
f e hest
uc tgames
l
l around.
S
one pof the
rG Ru O U
m N .D A T T A C K Surv iv al is the name ot the t we e
i
ZX
n -S p e c t rt im.
Your mis s ion is to p ilo t y o u r s pac es hip t h ro u g h
t
tortureous caverns while destroying the enemy missile
h
launchers and fuel dumps. Enduranc e as well as quick
ti hink ing are needed to survive dS the caves become
sprogressively s maller and airborne aliens start to appear.
e
No-one
has yet survived!!
G RO UND ATTAC7K is writ t en completely in mischief.
x
code.
It has 26 zones, full: up. down, f orward and reverse.
c
controls. Lasers, bombs, explosions, continuous scoring and
i
sound effects, plus rockets. fuel dumps and airborne aliens.
t
Both games will me in either I t iK or 46K Spectrum
iand cost £5.95 each.
n
Programmers NO W you can mek e money Ir0111 your
gmicro. Send your programs to us today. We pay pmbribly thy
best royellies around.
S
C
GENEROUS DEALER DISCOUNTS AVAILABLE
ISilv ers of t Lt d. 20 O ra n g e Street. L O N D O N W C 2 H 7 E D
a
n
t
h
SI NCLAI
i R USER O c t o b e r 1962
e
•
N E W ! Z X 8 1 - C O M P I L E R Yes! No w you can writ e
mac hine code on your ZX81. No more messing about wit h
assemblers and disessemblers s imply type in the BASIC
program and the mac hine does the rest. You'll never need to
buy another mac hine code progtent again!! ONLY
ZX81 ARCADE A C TION
MUNCHE R
- Exciting pacrnan game for the ZX81
E 4 . 9 5
ASTEROI DS
-"Just the thing for asteroid addicts" PCW Sept 82 E 4 . 9 5
I NVADERS
-"Pr obabl y the best version of I NVADERS you will gel for
the ZX81" - PCW '82
1
2
.
9
5
ALI EN-DROPOUT
- Exciting ORI GI NAL arcade game for your ZX8I E . 3 . 9 5
STARTREK
- YES/ you can be a starship commander
0
9
5
GRAPHI C GOLF
- 18 graphically displayed holes to lest even the best
golfer
E
3
.
9
5
SUPERWUMP(JS
- An enthralling under gr ound adventure for your
E
Z.X81
3
.
9
5
GAMES PACK
-Fantasti c value tor money, nearly 50K of programs on one
cassette! Only
0
.
9
5
1 7 Ie a m • s r itr i m t.
1 I t• n cl o w
P
C
I
N
a
1
l
lL
i
!
S
v
e
o
s
o
l
l
L
t
—
I IcOt
su
55
SPECTRUM Et ZX-81 KEYBOARDS
MA IL ORDER ADVERTISING
British Code of Advertising Practice
Advertisements in this public at ion are required t o c onf orm to
the Brit is h Code of Adv ert is ing Practice. In respect of mail order
•idvertisements wh e r e money i s p a i d i n adv anc e, t h e c ode
requires adv ert is ers t o f ulfi l orders wi t hi n 28 days, unless a
longer deliv ery period is stated. Where goods are ret urned undamaged wi t h i n seven days. t he purc has er's money mus t he
refunded. Please ret ain proof of postage/despatch. as this may
be needed.
Mail Order Protection Scheme
Also for above 4 single key cursor control keys — extra E3
If y ou o r d e r goods f r o m Ma i l O r d e r adv ert is ement s i n t his
magazine and pay by post in advance of delivery, Sinc lair User
wi l l c ons ider y ou f o r c ompens at ion i f t he Adv ert is er s hould
become insolvent or bankrupt, prov ided:
I) You h a v e n o t rec eiv ed t h e goods o r h a d y o u r money
ret urned: and
2) You writ e to the Publisher of Sinclair User s ummariz ing the
situation not earlier than 28 days from the day you sent your
order and not lat er t han t wo months f rom that day.
ZX S P E CTRUM E28.915
4 Shift keys - one for each level_ No more awkward, finger knotting
exercises!
Please do not wait unt il the last moment to inf orm us. When you
do writ e, we wi l l t ell y ou how t o mak e y our c laim and what
evidence of pay ment is required.
All keyboards are fully assembled and just plug into your ZX81 or
Spectrum. All keywords etc are in 3 colours 14 for Spectrum) under
hard wearing clear caps. Proper keyswitches - f ull size. Full fi tting
instructions and 12 mont h guarantee naturally.
We guarant ee to meet c laims f rom readers in accordance wit h
the above proc edure as soon as possible after the Adv ert is er has
been dec lared bank rupt or insolvent (up to a limit of £4,250 per
annum f or any one Adv ert is er so affected and up to E10.000 per
annum in respect of all insolvent Adv ert is ers . Claims may be
paid f or higher amounts, or when the above proc edure has not
been c omplied wit h at the discretion of Sinc lair User, but we do
riot guarant ee to do so in view of the need to set some limit to this
c ommit ment and to learn quickly of readers ' diffi culties).
ZX80/81 K E Y B O A RD E24.96 !illustrated).
2 Shift keys
Single keys for EDIT,
RUBOUT and FUNCTI ON
Large space key
Full repeat
Large Newline key
Payment: Cheque, Postal Orders Access or Cash on delivery. Phone
orders welcome. Prices include postage loverseas add E2) etc.
HARRI S Et LOCKYER ASSOCI ATES Phone:
Redditch 10527/
DEPT SU
24452.
33 PEDMORE CLOSE
WOOD ROW SOUTH
R ED DITC H
WORCS B97 7XB
ENGLAND.
KEMPSTON (Micro) ELECTRONICS
ZX81 Klik-Keyboard
•I'his guarant ee c ov ers only adv anc e pay ment s ent i n direc t
response to an adv ert is ement in this magazine (not, for example.
payment made in response to catalogues etc. received as a result
or ans wering such advertisements). Clas s ifi ed advertisements
are excluded,
ZX81 H IR E S GRAPHICS BOARD
This is a full, forty key, mov ing keyboard
•:•: whic h fits into the recess left after
Peeling on the existing 'touchsensitive keypad Cons ider
the following advantages.
:-:- • Positive feedback from
keys
• Fits onto the 2X81
• No trailing wires
• No special case needed
I-1:- • Elegant design with two colour
legends
The fully built keyboard requires absolutely no soklerrng since two fl exible
connectors plug into the ZX81 sockets Alternatively, the keyboard is available as
an easy build kit at a considerable saving
Now available with 41 keys, the extra key can be used to give a repeat facility
1
41 key version: 1 2- 6 . 5 0 (built) ( 2 3 . 0 0 ik iti
All prices inclusive of VAT,
2 but postage must be added at 70 pence for a singly
item, 100 pence for 2 or 2more items. Payment by cheque or P.O.
Available
by mail order from:
.
KEMPSTON
(Micro) ELECTRONICS
5
•:-: so Adamson Court. Hillgrounds
Road. Kampston, Bedfor d MK42 ECU
0
Please allow 21 days
( for delivery. S.A.E. in all correspondence.
••••
S
e
e
us atk the PCW Show lalso ZX Mic rolair)
•
i
Your Name and Address
SUS •••••••
t
)
:•::•
....•
1
Ouantity D e s c r i p t i o n
U n i t
Price A m o u n t
2
ZX81 Kiik6 Keyboard kit (40 keys)
0
ZX81 Xlik-Keyboard
built OD keys)
0
Z.X81
i
.•:•
b
Date
P o s t a g e
T o t a l
•
u
i
l
56
l
)
• Fully programmable 256 by 192 pixel resolution
• Powerful BASIC commands for USER DEFINABLE GRAPHICS
• 2K EPROM with graphics routines including
PLOT, PRINT, PAGE. CLS, COPY
• Simple to generate your own exciting displays
• Stylish case whic h fits between ZX81 and RAM pack
• No additional power supply or soldering necessary
• Full instructions provided, fully guaranteed
Price br eakthr ough at £49 95
SAE for data sheet
* * * NI G HT GUNNE R
* * *
Enemy aircraft approaching B A T TIE STATIONS.
Survival depends upon your skill to shoot down the enemy lighters as they
move in for the attack. Beware, the going gets fast and furious as you survive
each mission in this entertaining and challenging machine code game with
excellent graphics
Requires 16K RAM only H i g h l y addictive,
1
4
95
* * * FIGHTER PI L O T ***
15feet 7 feet T O U C H D O W N ! Instrument landings are not always as
easy as this. You are on full control from take of f to landing during this real time
flight simulation of a jet fighter Written by pilots - tested by pilots - for you
to fly like a pilot
'An excellent pr ogr am l ' Capt. H . Seni or British Air ways pi l ot
Requires 16K RAM only S u p e r value at (4.46
All prices inclusive
I Overseas add £0.56 pfl p per tape. £2.00 for HAG board)
A ll produc ts guaranteed, ref und if not satisfi ed.
DI G I TAL
Dept SU
22 Ash Chur ch Road.
Ash. Alder shot
Hants GU '12 6LX
MAI L ORDER ONLY
I NTE G RATI O N
SI NCLAI R USER O c t o b e r 1982
SPECTRUM?
NEW GAM E • 2 PLAYER S •
16X Spectromi
• • • STELLAR D U E L "
One one Ste rship Captain will survive
10 command the imperial Fleet.
WILL IT BE YOU?
• L AN D ON PLAN ETS
• PH ASOR S
• SEN D IN ASSAU LT TROOPS
• W AR P b SU B LI GHT SPEED
• C OLOU R
SPECRUM
ON I TS WAY?
Haw
S O the
U SUPER NEW GAM E ieadV.
Fey,
N Dtoed
. cassette (5 .7 5 inc post etc.
TRICODER
C AM BR I D GE.
C A
(Mud order)
R
N
75, Oxford R d..
A
G
Cambridge
C84 3P1-1
E !
MAKE BETTER WINES
WITH YOUR 16K ZX81
Enjoy s uperb wines o f commercial
quality f r o m r e a d i l y a v a ila b le
ingredienm, Based On years of practical
and theoretical research int o winemaking, these easy-to-use programs
enable you to design your awn reopen
for dry and medium wines, with COn
-trolled p H. t ot al acidity. body and
alcohol content. 6 0 minute program
cassette a n d de ta ile d m a n u a l lo ve r
6.000 wordsl of w i n e
Wall
a s f u ll operating instructions.
All programs recorded twice.
nPar or kt io
i nnga l tape.
h(7,95
i n including
t s ,
KIP
aCheques
s
and PO's t o:
COMPUTAWINE
(Deat. SI, 9 Laburnum Way,
Etwall. Derby DE6 6JU.
CAR LOG
Anew USEFUL suite of professional programs for the z x ri 116K) a Spectrum.
1. V e r y s imp le t o u s e w i t h f u l l
instructions.
2. C o m p l e t e c as s et t e re c o rd o f
mileage and itemised expenses.
3, A l l conceivable ratios, totals and
protections computed.
CAR LOG is suitable for your car. your
dads car or your whole fleet of trucks.
Only E8.95.
NI MRO D SOFTWARE
A Stanley Rd.. London SW1I4 /DZ.
FOR SALE. Spectrum barely used.
E15 more for immediat e use. Als o
printer. S ma l l wo o d , Tref f s orne
(043757) 644.
GOLD D I A M O N D S . L e t y our
2)(81 help you win money from the
book ies . T h e fi r s t t i m e t h i s
p r o g r a mme w a s e v e r t r i e d
120_3.821. It picked 8 winners from 8
races!! Send a Cheque or PO E8 for
1K and 112 for 16K to the Butronics
Co., 4 4 Earls Court Rd. , London
W8 SEJ 'mail order only please).
,,,s e b k
*FROGGER
:
ANOTHER DOD l i n t '
• M oving Cars. Lops, Turtles
• Allsgators. Diving Tune s
• Four •Screens' ot Action
• All Arcade Features
• Entirety Machine Code
ONLY 13.95 Inc PUP.
r it0 6 t1
1010111elell
0 BEI SEOCE
EROSUVOL COW
0 Cla-IkkE
0
SKONLISL
AS1Ef1106141SERNACE
9t4
pal.re
REplats
litoot 0 0 0 3 6140
pE$
.
%CNC
ZUCKMAN
First Authentic DUD I16k
Version of •PLICKMA N•
• AL L Machine Code 1 0 k
* FOU R Indepiedent Ghosts
* Tqaii, Ene rip Posts etc
* High-score •Hail of Faroe
• Authe ntic Arcade Action
ONLY 1 5 95 1rit7 PEW
Send PO or cheque to
ZX-80 OLD RO M + N E W RO M
(ZX-811 plus 16K RA M c omplet e
wit h Z X 8 0 a n d 2 X 8 1 t r a i n i n g
manuals + software ichess games,
business and hous e holdings ) +
extra manuals and books for sale all
together s t g LSO. Perfect work ing
order. Co n t a c t A n d r e a d a y t i me
Monday to Friday 01-600 8651, ext
251.
SPECTRUM ft M i l
16k SOFTWARE
ZX SPECTRUM
ASSEMBLER
All 280 opcodes. with error Lhecks and
labels for addresses after JP. CALL Et
LD
BACKGAMMON, uses machine code
high speed (48K only)
G AMES TA P E ': versions of Nieman.
breakout. battleships Er 3D Ds and Xs
(with machine code/
E3,26 each Ind pErp Cheque. PO to.
PI Software. l a Pligrim's Lana.
London NW31S N.
COSMOS - patrol the galactic convoy r
TABLE
TUTOR - menu driven course
out
in
tuition £ 3 . 9 9
e smultiplication
,
QUARTET - crosswords, puzzles
n
and m e m o ry gam e I m u l tip lo ye r I 1 3 .9 9
e
TRI A D - 3 new puzzles t o perplex
w frustrate even Cubists £ 3 . 9 9
and
aSuplied on cassette. SAE for catalogue
rVORTEX SOFTWA RE 26 Crawford Rd.
cHatfield, Hertfordshire ALIO OPG
a
d
e
g
a
m
e
SEP E CTRUM SPEAKER to boost
4
your
beep, wi t h v olume c ont rol.
.
Cased,
c omplet e, ready t o us e,
e5.50
9
inc . c l a p . J . Hu n t e r , 1 1
Nettleton
Clos e, Canf ord Heat h,
9
s uspi hecrl m
a i ar r tI
A to Z SOFTWARE
ZX81
I k FUN. Hangman. Simple Simon. Maseru
mind Es 5 othergamete
N g G AM BL E R .
Guineapig
Derby b Shoot
R
o AR
u lCeAD
t tE eI M I c) .
16K
.Basher.
2 Player Breakout
P
nc hI tTInON
M uoTR
n AD
i aAL
n Su p e r Mastermind.
16/(
oSuper
n ngme
.
. o Ha
n. Ba ttle ships n d Luna r
M
Lander
o
l
e
ALL programs recorcrod nee eft documented
Any one fit 2 ET 50 3 1 1 A i l 4 (1 4
Pi:X Cheques to P . Adshead, A to 2 Softwa re . Wa te rworks. Lange:ton. Stoke on
Tra ni ST9 9 0 8
ZX S P E CTRUM TAPES. A: Fruit
Machine, Wall Street Crash, Reactor, Logi c . B : Ha n g ma n , A l i e n
Escape, Sweeper. Box Trap. Each
SI NC. Built ZX81 1 K R A M plus tape £3.95. Cheques to J. Brown,
leads, Manual, P. S. U, s t ill boxed Dept.1, 2 9 Curt is A d , Fenham,
with QS mot her board £60. Dairen Newcastle.
Fitehew, 25 Woodleigh Ave, Leighon-Sea, Es s ex S S 9 & I A . T e l :
Southend 712632.
SPECTRUM S O FTWARE . D s assembler iZ8onrnemonics) m i c
handler. Fo r 16K o r 48K model.
ZX-131 + 3 2 K R A M wi th many
tapes o f games , adv ent , t oolk it s Recorded o n quality CS cassette.
plus books. Bargain 015. Andrew Only 1 4 . 0 0 r- 50p p & p . J o h n
Nesbitt. Hampton, Middx. Tel: Day O'Harrow, 3 Drumf ork Rd, Helens01-242 6844, eve 01-979 4258.
burgh, Dunbart ons hire G84 MN.
Poole, Dorset 8H17 7PL.
DJL SOFTWAR E
9 Twe e d Close . Swindon.
Wilts SN2 3 PU.
031:030%6 trf Tn4:14 OSOSe
( 0 0 5 8 reocOtnelogaMet
.
v d t t PO/CW*161ot
E9.00 to toctaie
cordage, ot cod ko 242
0 4 WO Rood, toodoo
BE15L
1B
i i i r
i f fi
di a
n
SI NCLAI
R USER O c t obe r 1982
o s
ZX131 16K GAMES. Missile Command, ZX version o f t he arc ade
game. S a f e Break er, c rac k t h e
combination. Both games recorded
on cassette - E2.25. 61 Wat f ord
Rd, Crox ley Green, Hert s . W D 3
3DS.
57
SPECTRUM30 GRAPHICS, 16K or 48K
machines Spet , lac ular plotting
under User Control of sharqe.
size and perspective. Only M95,
AGM) IL Powerful numeric database gives you seasonal forecasting, statistics, graphs, data
files a nd m uc h m or e V e r y
friendly. N o statistics k now
SPECTRUM AN D BitEll SOFTWAR E
COSM OS. Sa ve yo u r he e ls from the
marauding airens in this new ine c space
game wit h dra ma tic gra phics o n your
s hips sensor screen
E
l
IS
TA B LE T U T O R . A com plete menu driven
Course i n m u l ti p l i c a ti o n t a b l e s w i t h
examples. te sts. homework a nd answer
service for the under ID's. E 3 . 9 9
QUARTE T.
A
compendium
o t
crosswords, puz2les a nd me mory game
Im ufhplayer/ wr th up to 10 dofficultses.
E3.110
TR I AD . Three new puzzles to perplex and
f rust ra te even the C ulsis s
E
3
IS
Supphed on cassette SAE for catalogue
VORTEX SO F T WAR E. Z S C ra wf o rd
Road, Ha tfie ld. Hentlotdshire AL100PG
ZX81 1 6 K
FOOTBALLPOOLS PROGRAM
TIREO O F HI G H PRI CES? F o r
excellent 1K and 16K software send
SAE to PS, 11 Sidegate, Haddington, East Lothian EH41 4BZ
• Lists out, in order of prelerence. the 10 most
Wery s c or e - dr a ws a ls o th e 1 6 m o s t likely
homes. domes and ewers
• P icks o u t th e results o n th e bookmakers
Reed Odds morons that havebeengNen over
generous m k t; Calculable; your a v e c fed profit'
• M o ws the user to update the tables week by
week as HUM S Ccanis in
PRE-SCHOOLCONCEPTS
For a cassame a l the program, plus an Anstruc
eon leaflet gostog a boo' explenaoon 0 ' the
theory send ES 96 to
6educational programs f or the 2X-81
HARTLAND SOFTWARE
'the y e a ch fi t into t K I.
Dept_ SI
a PENZANCE PLACE, LONDON W i l SPA
Counting
Keytest
Sketchpad
Match it
Gobbler
How many?
Cassette and instruction booklet
only £3.45 fi nd. pEtpl from:
Dept. Si,
Prolog Hom e Software,
22 Rectory Drive.
Yatton,
Briatai RS19 4HIF.
S P E CTRUM G R A P H I C
GAMES. Set one, five great games
including Breakout, E5.00 incl p&p
(first class). Others available SAE
details Mik e O'Neill, 5 Castlehelds
Rd, Cheltenham, Glos GL52 BYW
Sell your used com put er or per i pher al s thr ough Si ncl ai r
S upe r m a n at l ow cost . — up to 30 wor ds for onl y ES.
16K ZX-81, Sinclair built, manual,
leads, a da pt or , t w o book s .
'Monster Maz e ga m e , a doz en
assorted computi ng magaz i nes.
Total v a l u e E130; E 1 0 0 o . n . o .
Andrew Grant . 01-472 6073
Evenings (not Thurday or Friday).
Is u p e r m a r t
s
ZX - S P E CTRUM S O F T W A R E :
Ten Mi n u t e s t o Liv e, A i r / S e a
i
Attack, Mo n s t e r Maz e, Las ered
Staircase. Programs inc orporat e
n
sound, c olour and graphics, O n
cassette. £4.75. Send to: B. Baker,
87 Murray Avenue, Bromley, Kent
c
BR1 313,1
l
a
i
Advertisement
Index
r
ADAPTORS ELIMINATORS 26
ADDICTIVE GAMES
48
MEMOTECH
9
AFDEC
54
M. ORWI N
2
ABERSOFT
40
MICRO GEN
12
ALTWASSER R.
12
MOVIEDROME
55
ARTIC
46
M.C. ASSOCIATES
43
BUFFER MICRO SHOP
10
MI CROWARE
34
BI PAK
39
NEW GENERATION
22
PICTURESQUE
34
P.S,S,
18
CAMBRI DGE COMPUTER
STORE
Have you updated your compute r or do you no longer use tha t add-on , Instead of
leaving it lying a round turn It into ca sh be pla cing a cla ssifie d a dve rtise me nt in
Sincla ir Supe rma n and re a ch around 6 5 , 0 0 0 use rs of the Sincla ir ZX syste ms
PleaSe wtite your advertisement in the box e%below. one word per box Underline
words required in bold type Yo u r name a ddre ss a n d io r telephone number
should be include d Please m o t so bloc* capitals
Note—this se rvice is open only to prove' t a dve rtise rs The a dve rtise me nt will
;,npear in the e a rlie st possible issue
r
,A
,d
a
d
Have
you include d the fe e of ES
m
r
e
e
Tel
s
Cam M K . •
Is. , A.4 .• • • ,.....-.,1 0 ,,,,,,
4, ,....o * a . . . , at• v o wa. . s..bow
,,. . ,,. ,. aOnli
. p, .p4, r. e. . .n. .•. 4a.. o . . . . . . / I . 0 .
,n.n ., . .. . 1., . . . .. . •, . to, n, . . . ww,
u
•l . m o s h i s , . . . . . . 1 • . , ,
, , r .
,
pronato
I
A
o u r S..e t , . 1 . . .0 1 . 6. , , .. . . , . . . . . . . . . . .
•,
gi , ., ., ,,,. I. t. , , , , , , a. . , , , , „ , , , ., t n
‘,,,,,
.I0
...n. . . . . . l.e u l l u .•, . . I
n
n
t
.
n
, .
I,N
• n i ,e l .u, .
. t
.,a . , g m
1
,
p
•,• r t t . e . a l ,
o
I, .
n o n . .,
.
..
.
,
l
u
.o.o . . on . . k .t . a. ,
lb
g o
•
l
4. . , . . 1 , . .
.n
u
l
,.l . , .., , . .,
.
1
. . 1 , . ..
-. ,
.
.
.4•
.
. . , 0,
, . , •o
58
l ow n o t t O M , R i . . a . . . . , .6•. , . . . , ol . . . , . . . . . . ,,,., ..,,,, . . , _
. . . . . .I.I .NI I I M T I O 1 , l i t o , • . . I . . . . . . , u ., a , , . . , I n n
.
61
COMPUTEX CASES
49
PHOENIX MARKETI NG
10
COMPUTER GUIDES
30
READ-OUT
59
CARNELLS/ W
67
REtR
39
DEAN ELECTRONICS
26
TRONICS
—
I
Ilia manual
g Access and EiarderArrt **erne
SAXONCOMPUTING,
e
3 St Catherwies Drive, lacenliale,
l
Elaver. Humberside.
?
=
n
e
e
d
e
d
SP
1 E CTRUM/ 8 1 S O F T W A R E
g a4me s e d u c a t i o n a l u t i l i t i e s
including
Ma r t i a n inv as ion 0 / A
8
Phy s ic s M C H a n d l e r e t c .
K
Programs
Wanted. 60% royalties
paid.
o SAE f or free list. P Devsi, 68
Crookston
Road, Eltham, London
n
SEW
l
y
I
E
1
4
2
5
4
MELBOURNE HOUSE
SINCLAIR
46 47
19
SILVERSOFT
55
DATA ASSETTE
13
SUPERMART
57-58
DOCI MODUS
54
SOLENT
DIGITAL INTEGRATION
56
SOFTWARE
EDUCARE
48
FULLER MICRO
60
SOFTWARE MASTERS
FISHER MARRI OTT
24
S W FARM
39
GEMINI
36
TIME DATA
40
„LK GREVE
35
UNDERSTANDI NG
36
HARRI S LOCKYER
56
VENTAMAT IC
39
INTERFACE
20
W. STUART SYSTEMS
55
KEMPSTON
56
WATSON S W
24
LINSAC
43
ZX SAS
54
SUPERMARKET
22
20
6
SI NCLAI R USER O c t obe r 1982
RE,A
Rio
THE FIRST INrlisr
A
NEW SERIES FOR
FIRST TIME USERS
l
#
Learning to Use the PET Computer by
Garry Marshall is the first title in a n e w
series of books wh ich introduces
newcomers to the most wid e ly used
micros in the marketplace.
The book assumes absolutely no
knowledge about computers and the
reader is shown even the most
fundamental operations such as
"switching on" and "loading a
program". The book leads the reader
through simple p ro g ra mmin g and then
on to graphics, with several p ro g ra ms
which sh o w h o w to achieve pictures
and even animation!.
The user friendly approach is consistent
throughout the text — not only are
program listings clearly shown, but, in
many cases, a photograph is included
to sh o w what the program looks like
when actually loaded and run! E5.95
(incl. postage) Go we r —A Read-Out
Publication
•
Other titles in the series due
August/September 1982
Learning t o Use the ZX Spectrum
by Robin Brad beer E5.95 (incl. postage)
LearningtoUsetheBBCMicrocomputer
by P. M. Dane £ 5 . 9 5 (incl. postage)
Learning to Use the VIC-20
by Ron Greere 5 . 9 5 (incl. postage)
Learning to Use the ZX81
by Robin Bradbeer f 5 . 9 5 (inci_ postage)
Reserve yo u r copies today! Complete
the order form b e lo w and your order
will be reserved and sent you on
publication.
READ-OUT PUBLISHING COM PANY LTD
8 Camp Road, Farnborough, Hampshire, GU24 6EW Telephone: 0252 510331 2 Telex 858001 GOWER G
ROAD, FARNBOROUGH. HAMPSHI RE G U N 6EW
P
l
a
s
I R824CAMP
EhourAanswer
D - Oi ngUservice.
T PUBLISHING
COM
PA
NeY LTD
Tel ephone: 0252 510331i2
copy'les of
e prices
send
me : postage.
All
include
Name
L I Learning to Use the PET Computer
E5,95
Addres s
L I Learning to Use the ZX Spectrum
£5.95
E l Learning to Use the BBC
Microcomputer ,' E5.95
Make cheques payable to Read-Out Publishing Company Ltd.
! enclose my cheque for C.
I
n
Please debit my Access
Signed
Number
Date
L
SINCLAIR USER O ct o b e r 1902
-
L i Learning to Use the VIC-20 (51 E5•95
E l Learning to Use the 2X81 E 5 . 9 5
59
N e w From F u l l e r
FD System f o r the
, Z X SPECTRUM
E39•95
+ E2.50 p & p.
Professional Keyboard et Case —
This unit has the j
Tough
s a m eA.B.S:PlaStic case encloses our Keyboard. the Spectrum Printed Circuit Board and
the
h i Power
g h Supply.
Our own Power supply is available:- 9 volts DC at 2 amps.
sMains
t aeither
n d110v
a or 240v AC at E5.95 8 0 p . p & p.
rThed Keyboard has 42 keys with all the spectrum functions printed onto them, the full travel
a
s
key switches
have gold plated contacts and a guaranteed life o f 1 0
o
u
INSTALLATION
6 o p e r a t i -o Simply
n s . unscrew the ZX printed circuit board from its case and screw it
r
into
the FD case, plug in the keyboard and that's it. No technical know how or soldering
required,
Z
X th e built unit is tested and comes with a money back guarantee.
Spectrum
8
1 Keyboard and Case Kit E33.95
Our
Mother
Board for the spectrum has 2 slots at E15.95 or 3 slots at E19.95, this unit also
u
n
fixes
inside
the
case. p & p sop.
i
t
.SPECTRUM SOUND AMPLIFIER E5.95 + 80p p & p.
Complete with leads, volume control and loud
speaker in tough ABS Plastic case measuring
5" x 3' x 1" just plugs into your spectrum MIC
input
First A nniversary Offe r
The FD System is now one year old and Fuller are
celebrating with this amazing offer on the FD42
Professional Keyboard and Case.
Makes an i d e a l Christmas present to expand the new
low priced Sinclair ZX81. Or why not buy a new ZX81
based system directly from us, consisting of ZX81. FD42
keyboard and case with power supply and reset switch,
E29.95
+ £2.50 p & p
leads and manual E69.95 4 E2.50 p & p
FD42 Keyboard and Case Kit E24.95 + £2.50 p & p
FD42 Keyboard kit E14.9580p p & p
STAR TREK FOR ZX 16K SPECTRUM
Play this popular adventure game on your Spectrum with ship display and sound
E5.00 + 50p p & p
G UARANTE E D 14 DAYS DELIVERY FRO M RE CE IP T OF ORDE R. OR CALL TO THE ZX CE NTRE
Mail to FULLER MICRO SYSTEMS,
The ZX Centre, Sweeting Street. Liverpool 2. England. U.K.
Please Supply:Name
F
U
LE
R
F
D
S
Y
E
T
M
Address
i•
SAE for m or e iletalls — Enquir ies Te l , 051-236
6109
-