Download 200 中村 士, 吉田 忠 288 吉田 忠 291 (17321807

 (1)
ῌ
200 !"#ῌ$ %&'( 288
)
291
300
**+012
310
312
317
45
67879:; <= 3 >?
327
@AB
!" #$%&'()*+,-. (16)#/
;< =
336
>?@
338
**+,- (1732῍1807) )./
Suzanne Débarbat
010234567289:2$%&
CD
EFGHIJKLMN
OP
AB9:2C DEFGHIJKLMNOPQ
DESY Theory Workshop on Particle CosmologyῌDark Matter, Dark
Energy, Early Universe, High-Energy Cosmic Rays
FITS WX34@YZ+[\]^_OP
QPRST
RSTUV
339
`ab
340
341
UV W X YZ
c_dTe
fgh9:ijklmno_gh9:ip>qrstunvw_xk cyz_
{k|}f~€n Paris Observatory ‚ƒ
„_dTe
…†p‡ˆ‰LnŠJ ‹Œ_+rs‚ƒŽ€n‘ 2.4 m _0’“”•–
— ˜_™špYu›
œ_žŸe 50,000 …_ š|}p¡¢2£9:ik¤¥¦n
Paris Observatory ‚ƒ
§¨©ª «
_¬­ (1732῍1807) œ®¯° ±²
„³´ µ¶·¸¹ Œº9:i‚ƒ
(1)῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
巻 頭 言
ῌ 200 ῌ! "#$%
&
'
(
/
181ῌ8588 2ῌ21ῌ1
e-mail: [email protected]
)
*
+
981ῌ0961 7ῌ21ῌ3
e-mail: [email protected]
6789:; 1804 2 4 15 < = 41 >"?@ABC%
.%$/
!"#$%&%&'()*"+,- 01 2345
D(1 2004 E 200 =FG*H
-EI$I$1 =EJK"LMN" OP!"=QRLDSG01 =TU*V"
#)GW$XYZ)1 $% %&'U
=(%)@)1 [*"\ 61797 < ]^%GH "+L,-E./L_*`$AFSGD(1 V"aI[*\0b*`$=E1cM
MGH F*1 def"#eeg02%G3";ehi456=%
1 7"3=EX()LMV".8L9:=;j'U*H V%
1 klDL;ehi"<m
G.n=1 eeg3"o==>?@%1 peeg3qXr Z$sAtGH `"BC0G
Gn1 -EuD"EFGsG$vk)
FSG$vS
M*H `)E1 5""HI./w=Jb*xy"zA
.MH
-"K0{|L'G!"I"E}$M~"5NOPAF*H -EM~"=T
U*$%
Q€RST=FSG%1 M~0‚U"OP]^b*=FGS
„M„V/DU
E1 -Eƒ=M
W…Xn1 †‡I%GH M~$aˆ#0V"YL p5‰ŠZUNXr ‹[A
/G"I1 -"/L\0]Œ=FSGD(=DL(LMH V"a1 ^_Ž=-*ZA1 =$Z(l1 OPŠ1 `1 aC1 ‘’“L"bcA1 5"E”•–—"./`Cw
d˜=':%1 ™0a=%
MSGH
2002 e)=1 Iš›"›f%
MG5œ"gh2# 6i< $1 gx2# 67j< 01 `
a=kSG-?a 200 žlb*Gs=1 -"Ÿm nb*o›¡b*¢$p=yM
q/=r£SG"E1 s¤t+¥A¦k)GIš››"uAFSGH V"§1 -"¨v©U
AExw""˜=Ex%yzS=QR*D(1 o›"ª«E©UAL¬IS$­tGI"=
%GM1 L$I®{%GH
|1 w}"w~€¯1 °™0"w±‚ƒ_²³„"…´2=Jb*†µ
¶ 6‡1 "·¸¹¬n<1 ˆ1 ¤˜‰Šº» 6w‹a¼< 0Œ[ 14 D(Ž%
288
4
2005 5 4
ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ (1)
³d 1
jj@k}j´µ+¶uv< S. koo4p ˆ·¸¹ºef»Š
60 !"#$% 4 &'()
"*
+,-./0 12
3445/ 67 200 8+ 9:
;<=>?@ABCDE;<FGHI J3G/H ?@AB
CD+K "LI L
QR=
+ Y
!+!MN"(O#+P
!#$$%S&
TU+'V(VGWX ?@ABCD)
!N"*Z[ +)+ Y,-\]67 200 5.[ ^,
?@ABCD 2004 11 _ 13 /`0!abc/E;de 6
,!
f,1 gh,23i(jj@k+K/0( gh,2?lm@
n"koo4p jj@k5qr6st7uv+wx 8yz{ |j@},
!~92/0 4 `:0!;<€a=‚ƒ„ >,-?@<t7u
v+w…HNIi †‡ \]6,! ˆ‰=Š ,-jj@kA ˆ‹
BŒ„Š ,-! ˆCDŠ ŽEAA ˆ‘FGH„Š )’“! ˆ]”H„Š $Ide g•k–}—˜?™@/ ,-J%"
K„Š 6LM/0(&
!% ˆCa
šN›&œ ˆOž„Š ŸPQ R=ST\]6 ˆU¡¢
„Š <V£0( VWX
¤¥$I30(¦ § 100 ;bY
‡¨Z[\©/ ,- \] ª]^0-«3_[iH †e¬e­
®¯+`a/H †?@ABCDb" 5 _° 6 _° 2 ±'(c²de
9 98 ¼
95°
289
(1)ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ
±² 2
<³´µ=¶$'(nopqrs]· #¦4]¸ ¹º»e78¨
!" #$%$&'( )
*+
,-./01(#2345(67 8&8 9
,:;+
<=>8?@
A$BCD EF!GH
I#(J
KLMNO
?@PQBRSO8 T(UVWX(@YZ
[\ ,]
41 (1908) ^O( 3 100 _/`X a
,] [
V$Fb O! 1 cd
efEF
FF
#2
gh@/i
B T(jk
[$@l\V&
῍
ῌ
Tm nopqrs/tu@(l@( vGH
wxyz{ |}o~
2 €‚ƒ„
O'( …,a,] ,] ,a,] †‡ˆ‰Z T(
|/
8?‚Š‹/Œ'(…,a,]]! "Ž#,$%-
&‘'’ “”n•o
–
]/8?@(l@((Y)—#,
˜*™’Bš›+œ845(@ O! *
žŸ’ ,-
’ ˜*¡.’ ¢/01’ £23d’ #,
*4¤Ÿ’ ¥¦15Ÿ’ ˜
*6§’ e78¨’ ()#,
©/8Ÿ’ ª’Bˆ‰
j/ Z«9 [!
2
:¬$‚­'(&![U [
nopqrs®¯;°[3(
290
¼>
2005 5 ¼
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ def 9:ghi*jklm5n (1)
981ῌ0961 7ῌ21ῌ3
e-mail: [email protected]
(1764ῌ1804) (J. J. de Lalande, Astronomia of Sterrekunde, 1773ῌ80) !"
#$% &'( 2 )*+,-./012!
3$456(78
% 3 9:;<=#57
>?@ABCDEFG=#5HIE FGJK7LM2'5378N ?OC
PQERST2' RSU735(2'5V7845% W&7XY7 &'( 2 FZ [\]^_`abc5%
j#KdLk A"V‚1?`&+() ƒ:"
1. GW iX 42 „ 38 … $0X 10 „ $
(1764) 11
>?7<) jEF#Gk (1629ῌ34) -YD78&
30 !"
jTUAI#Gk $† ‡ˆ"Z1‰Š(C
#"$%&'%() *+, -. 7
ˆ"[G,;8& \‹%€<ŒF8&XŽK
(1778) 12
/"0123 !45
& + 7 > 8 () : H % &  ] ^  ] 53 $78() 15 9":$,;
(1714) ]"_`=7†1a(L :K jb
<) !=>?@"#$1AB %&CD@1
#c‘k j#KdLk jbde’k j"fghk
EF$G*HIJK&+<L '(:")1
>?7< X“”"Ci$%&ƒ•ŽK je
MJ%+$N< ) * 21 9"+ 4 (1784)
2 (1724) –—ŽK() j#KdLk "˜D
.,-O".P / 17 9 $ST
™+šše + D78(\x›œ
% 01 U2 LK&+<) + 7 žL?QxkL TU+V‚1Ÿ$Š(€"
(1787) :VWX3 (1756ῌ1816) $40%&5,
,;<L žL"lm (1633ῌ1721) "Z
Y6 (1734ῌ99) D7% #Z8D9[) " ¡1¢£&+<) j#KdLk iX"¤n
D#:1 U; L'%&+<)
=6on¥¦§¨©ªz (Tycho Brahe, 1546ῌ
06
1)
Q
10
R
Y6>?\1EF> ]"^<=>_1?`
1601) "<Œ, «p¬7­¬®q" B¯J°
<a@7+) WXA (1786ῌ1838) LX3D*
D± Hr"®q1sN<€",;8() jT
+&b%( cBdeBfCDbg hi jf
UAI#Gk (1644) >? 70ῌ80 ²8("˜"X
Ck $Db , c5,Y6lmnEF#GoH
W,;<L ($`³ jTUAI#Gk L´t
Ipqrstu) J#KdLMlmn#$pdv
$ut"µ¶1n¥¦"v 23 w 31 x 30 y1·
Qg $Nw&+<$:V1B<$2) O-PD
zN<"D{% |¸,"] 53 hR"ƒ
QxD'R%(yz{u|}?S~L?`(T
}D¤¹º 23 w 29 x 30 yDN<7­ „ 4, ´
U+G"ZvF8(H,;<) 7>,€
u»¼ +~"1†Š(± 5 rNw&€
 98 „
5
291
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
*!n‚ƒ21( e"#„
o p…)
*!…)
! 5 "
,!'^†Tqe0‡
# ( 0ˆ eo3(‰ r
$ 9, %
pstŠ‹Œ IuŽvŠ &'(
,!w‰
)
*!"#
!
!‰sŠ#‹ DIvŠ‰xyŠ !zQ‘{
$+ &,-./%&'0
(
iŠ` ,!|}~’“Š 33)( ,!
)*%1( ) ,!23
”
2 &OۥK'23(
( ,!
*!+1,-234 56%
L –q6 4ῌ5 6—‚ +
.78.+9+ /0:;<1
˜'LO€ a™I
= > ? @ > 2 3 A Ignatius Koegler, 1680ῌ
&šv‚ƒ d"#( 1746 BCDEC1FG;@ 4
5 Andreas
/%&„0…†+J›5 –
Pereira, 1690ῌ1743 2 H 7 6 (1742) 14
aœ‡ˆ‰K4 L`
7IJIKLM'(
Š‹- Ia’žŒƒ.
*!8" ,!
91:; NO<7P=>QR2 5
S1 =T@>?UV@
A23( W=T@>XY
23(
2. ῍ ῎ ῌ ῏
?UV@21QBNO<
–a ŽŸ . (1684ῌ1751) RC ZD#3
Ka'¡¢52( L
'E[F\"]23
œ‡ ‘L.’“£ (1693ῌ1756) ”
M'( %'G^_;C`aH 4bc
]•a–—i'+ ¤˜`Z¥™4š
(1562ῌ1633) + LdeAK4
&'¦›œ (1711ῌ84) .ž’§.
aK'IJ"^f>Eg KL
Ÿ9K4 ¡¢‚( Ka
MN OPGhQ PGRSTi-
' .¨£ ¤¥¦§¨ (1759ῌ
PG' 'UVWX( YZ
1829) ©]ª+ –a2«-( §
,![\]j (11b) R.L^
¨ ¬@g­®©ª«¯ (1735ῌ94) .K
_ OhQ ',k
¬@g­®e
¬°­+ &
+J.( IYI#> `lam
.OgGn±CL ZD²®¢‚Y
+nopgLbK4 B>cd
!¯°1_g³-´.
'01LYIKe1
! !±01LY( ²XL&
5(
Z+1µ™YL ˆ‰P³
'f3 ?UV@.
™.´dƒ( ¶ƒµ1+ ™
Yqg1L23Y( ),!r
s
¶·m¸·'( #htsNuit_svwxxi?U
+ +a’Š‹-23
rjs%yu rzks# l
( 'P³L.¸¹`º»
ῌ{s|}u l~smRu Y€ 451
1(
3( IYI. )
292
LS¼ KY¹º»˜
N¼
2005 6 5 N
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
7 (1795) 3 18 st}'Cu'" ~
"' j
4 k ^ 472ῌ3 f+Ck€
6 4 28 v+ wTx ‚ƒ „…†
3 15 ‡ * _ˆ‰h*,+ 8 Š+,
,t !5HykGz
11 14 ‹,
!Š{7%C,,'
100 5 !"#$
0h 2/tŒtykGz !|
%& '(
! 28 )"*#
I-"Ž3 !Š7}g*
+,-"' $%.&/0 11 ) '%.
6 %
%!~†*6 C‘7
9 )* 5 1()*+2,-2./
O 19ῌ21 3 Oy’“ /O 22ῌ25 4 O
3"-45*6 01234
y”•6""' =S€
5678',' 789
=–[@‚ƒƒ+Š—[˜„…†?>S=
8 (1796) 8 5 *6- %5
ˆ‡ˆ‰Š™€‹ š+‡7›[Œˆ€
" 9 24 9::;<= (1745ῌ1802) >
šSŠškŠ‡Š›[Œˆ[œ> wfx^ 451
? @ (1761ῌ1810) CCDE C%H\"' CŽ
16 A
%
9,' FB*+
T wžx Ÿ‘jQ y
/CD2CEF"9G8GH
’’y c“ y ”•Œ–—Š my ,˜
7*6- CD2HIJKI
kf¡#
(I: 219, 227, 228, 231,
J L+MNOJ 4FKMLPM 272; II: 203) w ™ˆš›1œ‹Œž
QRN6- 9 9
¢Ÿ ˆ¡›ŒŠ £¢¤ Ferdinand Verbiest,
(1797) 10 13 SLT 8 OU
1623ῌ88 wJy’ x X!“£ wy’“x
11 PQ0 %5"V 21 FB
,˜¥¦" L'k¤*6-
4 DEW'"' !"X
27
wžx * ‘c“¥
RY9SZET C 3 [
L (I: 287) ¦'" §k C¨H"'
\]^ C FBCD2
©§y ’’y c“ y ª«¨©y,˜
UV_CW`X93C&Y
k jk ^ 526ῌ543 DE*¬ª
;<=>
?@ AB
a/
CH:;C>bc*
¥­ N ¥i ®c (I: 227, 264, 287;
6J > Z[de\f]ghcE
II: 229, 230, 232) /FB*¯E;°N
i
*6J jk A^ 195 /:; l
±²« II: 236, 242; wfx^ 461 €
mn_Copq" `rsa
't
¬­³*6- !
btc
(I: 223) C'5ud*
#m/
"´1*6 ¬ªµ
6- %5ve6- w+
¥¶k®€_C,J NKIJ%¯
fbg+ 9 (1797) 9,J
¦'"'
10 hLxi
4)
9 w’qx |·h°
C%j* CD2HIJ*N
Œ–›L¸±²³›¹´µº¶»"
' kl8* mQ0
,- 0 5 ž A·‚·‰´¸¼
LyNknz{|*g,h- !%
*¸h¹,,h- º…»C+ |·
*9Pop LykDEqrgA
ž¸¼,h-h*6 %45
n 98 O
n5¼
293
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
l†5M‡Ml†p mnoˆ5!'
p%4 qJ
y4!" e‰rg1Šs‹
!" #$%& '()
~ 9BMtgŒuŽvwl†
*+,-./01
x&wl†p (II: 316) Šs‹R4
1234 #
'2!" AyBMQ(U%!Gzc5G2
5! 67
!" *{|&+^ MN}^ 2 # 7
#3" 4 ?# 9 ?#`4mnH}{&d3" 89:;2!"
^2OG }^ 2 # 2 ?%
U e>&Pk(>~(۠p MN
3. ῏ῐῌ῍ῒῑ῎
<= (1745ῌ1818) ~‚&P
ƒ4! (II: 226ῌ
230) „w 3‹ ]‘8 '…† ’‡ ’ˆ
>!" 7 # (1795)
= T'EDFGV !!1C“
8 ?'23" @A$4 4 B?
‰K2!" #1\]‘8RŠA‹Œ9
C
!%2!" =&'(D 2!
”74!ῌŽ9I4 e•M
E) 1 )F*&+G#,
H
MX–g Š‘—†1
-I4 .J/K4LM 0
"
8I1P’“†”(g>•†p (229)
NO''=&'PQI4/
MMc4–XPI5G=
K" 2RM12S!'
T3)4
˜—™4!" … eš›œ
˜
UV &'PQI4W(5XY
ž™\]‘8šg!$l†p p%2
!"
eS1›]‘84ŸœY k†¡
RZ67869:2!" 69[;
E
ž¢Mk 2£
J¤†p (228) eŠA
\#
!5G<=]$>?23
‹Œ9¥†¦ Ÿ ¡M>•†p (I: 293) ^@AB_
`7
" ¢£C5!&' §0C5!¨©ªž
=&'CD
! T'EDFGV a/b
«¬2!'¤­‹¥4!" '
cd efHgh)i jklm/nop 5G MN =¦Z§®234
qIJ4K r
J
!R:sL
&P:§^
!"
$%&W4! " MN 10 # (1798)
# ‰K%=¯¨©ª+
3 ?OtPuv#QRSwTx
S4!i (II: 317ῌ9) 5M°«" '
67UV 69W`!@AXY
(¥ 6 ±
ƒ5M
! RZApMN
4!'
y4Zz4! (I:
‚69deR@WI4 3 _2
249ῌ250)" '{[|# =\]
5G" 2¬8­®R e²¯Ip °34
wXY4!" S}^ 3 #
' e)±Ži³p yS4!" G$
(1803) 3 ?~4I AB3@A6
!'5M eo8¨´µ¶jIjg9¶
9W`!
J €69B39q
·³,lž²ž+¸³p 2!" 9Aa¹³
5)
_ '@`abcdeR9Wa
I°3­®R´
4²JµR
f_!GMN‚I4W
!G2!" 1 ±]‘8˜
ƒ
aƒ„n-5G…g4! (II: 310ῌ2)" S4! '¶º» 692¬
h2OGMNi ejkCRY
8$3¼M·^ R4!" # ']
294
?Z
2005 # 5 ?
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
ῌ
G@'( uerw‚e
%pƒswxy# tk' „u…v'@ J'†F
!"# $ [wῌx6pqp‡/ %%&# ' ( 2 yˆzwy{‰Š|‹SŒŽ# k'
2 ) * !#
QMG 34F[IJ
700ῌ800 "#+,- $./01,
]},G;< F[wῌx6j
2345 06%7&! 8&9
‘. G V34YD’~
:4;< '(
1, )
•'(l ]}–—=,4
*+# =,,> (II: 223) -.
G˜ .€ 11 _IJf/a
?/@4A !BC#
'DEF0
8‚Gƒ^„….™†9 ’~‡'(lj
4G=,;< ; ,'(
' 2 ˆqp‰',šŠ
89 1HI2 JK(L
‘@.
,›Š‹.
34 (1760ῌ1836) 5M'N, 34'
†Gœ@ 9:YD4
(
BC4 '
' ,= wῌx6€."
678
OP@QM"R4'
RYDž4@ '(
< G
9:S
Ÿ9:<Xpqp@
;<S# &=>?@
.4 ˆz# = *‘@8
T,U V=>AWBCX,U<Y
$‘@4† ``l%*,G)s
DZE 34 F[GHIJ%
¡,QM"Rf/',
( 3 (1803) 8 ) 3 KG 4 KG
LM
GE<G@¢ 8£-#¤.I2
3 KNF[IJ\!-.]I
,>'49 ’% F[¥z¦R
-^,O J,( 2 34ˆ N'(9:Y
_I`PQa Rb I`PcSb# dT
D,'(lO lG“”§•
U/e'(# Vf
=,GE<Gd dV¨©–,
Wghi Xj>Y%ZB# Xk
I`PcSb# [\] ,=
dTU/# d# l%G ^
B“”
Œ lŽ
4. ῒΐ῎ ῌῐῐῑ῏῕῔῍
_G,%m`n@G4Eo
V—˜ª«M™ ¬\Ÿ† K)š4
4 N'(`a5
E›œ)­ž/',1 Ÿ G QME^G pqpbc=
®f4G=, ¯U ’%
,G4Eder
pR
6)
¦°,¡
f^s gO'thi
’%¢ ±€ 12 11 )V
jk N'(
K)š£@¤¥²k¦S‰ ³ ulm ne'(eovwxye
§I´y¨S‰Ž ©ª«/‰µ¬¨S
%8z# ulG7pW {<
‰ l­®¯«^¶fI-°@?·‰#
'('6|}~q€< N±= (I: 289) ²³¸´
N'(qX
¹º³ S§µ¶®¯ »X‚®·¸ ¯-¹
º 98 b
º5¼
295
(1) ῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎
ῒΐ῔ῐ῎῍ῌ῏ῑ ¥^_¦ §`4a
¨y
ῌ©pn
ῌ°Vn
;ª©p«¬Š­¨y®A‘¯
; ±²/³´µ¶ b 1 · F°Vn
¸Ž³c ¹'
d=!º ±N;»e¶ ¼/fgh‘¯
258, 283; II: 192) TU8) $ F4s
tQHuDvwA56H xSf7yH8
!" #
2 (1790) $
9zH (I: 290) 89;:{;<S
% &'()*
Qf|OP }y}
12 (1800)
+', -.*/0 1,23)4
U5;6 =~
6 789
[ -.* (II: 191, 200) h*Q €>a
$57%:;<6 =>
N|[Q (II: 185) ?
TU
5
7)
@ABCD57
E FAG2/H (II:
T89;VW)X
219) F/IBBJHII
7 E;:{?„@
KIAL
NH (II: 193) OP
U ‡[ˆ ‰`Tƒ‚;}
AQRS
Š :{‹BVW)XŒ:;C9
!
MH
TU 89VW)XYZ; #
4
12 E; ‰`/’“
[\
[7 ‚ƒ‚U
>…A†;
1 D‹EŽ ‰`‘
!”<F
[ #
12 11 ] 10 !"E^_T #`
•ŽGoƒ‚TU 7HI;J
abc$d (1760῍1841) % ef&
E–—B4K5
'() (1758῍1832) 2 !g5h*9 >
z ‹ ™ … M 7 # 10 +,i= jj-.
(1798) 3 ] 24 !"_T; FN›O E
/k (1723῍1803)
œP;6 (I: 248῍9) 4Kq'
M[ 1,
˜™Š Lš;
23)4TUlm
Fž?QRŸ !
TU (I: 291῍2) F/nG;/o
U[¡VWHI ‹X™Š
(II: 191) 0ZTU YM1
œPjTT FYZ F[¢\ Q;k (II: 192) Bp23q rq
(I: 256,
OP HI£]¤E
296
ST 4]i
2005 5 ]
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
῍ῌ῎῏ῒῐῑ
YZ )
+Y
`a 7
4 4
4 5
4 7
ABY
AB 7
AB 8
AB 9
AB10
AB11
AB12
›+Y
›+ 2
(1764) 11. 30
(1778) 12. 30
(1784)
(1785)
(1787)
10
(1789)
(1795) 3. 18
4. 28
8
10. 11
11. 14
(1796) 8. 5
9. 24
(1797) 10. 13
11
12. 4
12. 27
(1798)
4
(1799)
(1800) 4
8
(1801)
(1802)
5
7
8
›+ 3 (1803) ­–C
2
3
6
7š8
ºY (1804) 1. 5
[
15
21
22
24
26
32
33
34
35
37
38
39
40
41
\
*
,]-
./0^_
13bc d 10 2 3 %3e
k l
da5Yfg6hi7j8 17 [ mn
op q9 ^_
7r s&*:5t;6<6
=p q> ^_
D?@u))vwAP x
()&^ByC 4 ()^Bz 6. 1 &^B )
DE{F GH|I 3 %3e
J} 15 K
~LM<6/&N){FH|I
j8O (28)
4
( PQ 100 R 5 %3e/ 11. 15 {S€
){FH|I
‚ƒ^; WT „5 G*
D)A…SP 8 †U^
){FV‡
ˆB 11. 21 ‰^;z 12. 15 {S€
){FŠ} } 3 W
DX‹Œ/AP x
D…wŽAP xz DDCvwAP ‘x
D’wYAPz D“”•AP x
D‹–Z[wAP x
D…‹—˜AP ™x š›+ 3. 7
D:5\œ]CqwAž–^_P x
D…vwAPz DŸ`Pz Dvww F)¡¢£K"¤¥Pz DFa¦3Ž
¢§bb)"AP
Dc[wA™¨Pz D©deª)P š›+ 3 x
DZ[wAfFCg«`P x
Du))wAh¬Pz D‹–u))vwAP x
DCwijAP kx
D®®¯°)SP±Q²l/D)S³€P 1 †´
Dgµm¶·Z[wAP x
´¸n¹ D®®¯°)SP {oW yp
D®®¯°)S³€P 2ῌ11 †x
D…‹—˜AŸ`P x
q» rs 1. 27 4
(tF¼
9:;# &<$=>?@
$6.@/01 4 AB 6 5 C
5 DEFG
!"#$
H!"IJK#LM
%&' ()*+,-
N$OMP @ %%9#
./01 25 2345
QR#1 &&S 5 C 9 6#1 ()%.78
% T ! D' ( ) U = V W X
u 98 †
u5Z
297
(1) ῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎
[ rB…sF
t& (I: 256) 84 ot†u‡"#'v
.w[Ix[I yzx({O
$j|+ (II: 177) "#ˆ[
! !
" #$%&'
*o) x‰Š‹&
(!) *"&+
# 46 o .},)Œ~*F S
, 5 (1822) -
& .]C?;;+€,2FnFŽ
./012345678
9Q n` 60῍70 oY‚
9:;<= >!
& ) " # ƒ Z  20 U + )+& k„)
9)
! "#<<?@$%A+&B 3
(1803) 2 C*)+& &'()*$
+,-./&) .021D
$2EF29:G4324H6I9E GJK
LFMJ;56&,0.C7N88OO:
80PQ RST9U:;KLFKVS ;-029:;9E W<X=Y>?.@Z
A[B\& * .D$ .]C^^
DEF2GH "#I_
(II: 308῍9) *J/`a"#
.<<?@$bM K 1 c 6 C
8 .+ .LMF$deNO
(II: 320) )+& 7 CP*"QM
f g![RhiAS*j&
*!*D$kTh *"gL
Ul9mVnWX&#"#oY
.pZ[#\ ]^[ _@
"O `qFr st"
(I: 289) ) <<?@$uv#w*
g!ab+&
!
x 10 c .dy WzZ e#
w" .N{ f| .gh +&! (I:
242) gh! i+U
%&
! }!~!€&
"ja*$k‚uvƒ"
g #k^lC 5 . W$mgZ hn
h B 41 o
 3 UcB„L .Wp%q2
298
῏῎ῑ῍ῌῐ
1) …,†‡ Š„.-ˆ Mc W‘9D’w“
1986Z” 209; * a  … $ W~ • $ ‰
1943Z” 19. ˆ-Šˆ "#‹‡
*".$ˆg–M—˜ A™-/uv WŒ
D 1977Z 1Žl (š›ˆ0 W$‘
1971Z !* ’
2) .“61œ“w12 …,†‡ a…
$ (” 450. Le 1 2 -
EžŸ -h
3) LM"¡" ”3? .B`ˆ¢4+5
$£V¤¥+ῌ9•¦ –§ῌ *
.-6ˆuv K 1 c W—„D 1968Z” 207,
206, 205. ˆLe *" II 2 ”3
? .x`ˆ¢4+5$£V¤¥+
ῌ9•¦ –§ῌ * .-6ˆuv
K 5 c W—„D 1979Z I žŸ -
¨©-E˜h
4) LM*\ 1Žl Uª$” 39῍40; …
, Uª Š„.-ˆ Mc” 189῍200; M—
Uª$” 214῍6 g+& ˆ«™š‡
…,†‡ Š„ˆ ec W‘9D’w“
1987Z” 464῍474 ›œ ˆ…,-$ Le…
, M#&e -¨©˜h
5) …,ž .¬[Ÿ­“w57< ¡8 /9:¢
£ ¬[¤®¯¥œ¦ W°$± 1974Z” 333῍
356 ;§w" ²(*$” 338.
6) ¨©ª<«¨¬ ³­®«¨š‡ ¯'
° .4´dGJ3Eµ? .±a¶ ‡
ˆg–…,²‚=dl· .¨©ª<£³´¸
";7¶¹ µº]¶ ¨©ª<Le
4 ·£$‚³&<¸‚6»;7¶¹šh¹
º‚uv.-Š·¼ W¯uv»'v$ 2004Z
(¼” 47῍62, 63῍78 ›œ
C'
2005 5 C
῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎ (1)
1917 !"#$%&'()
$*+,-. /0 295῍297 123456
789:;<
7) :=>/?83;@ AB CDEF>
GHI J>KKL MN 22 O (1987): 11῍24
PQRS:T;<
8) UV 10 W 5 X 9 J Y:Z [\>
]UV 10 W 5 X^[_`T= a bc
Cdefghijklmno peqrs
m< tu%vwm< xyz{|}q33 ~%vw
mI (I: 256) %€‚ƒ„…†‡Pˆ @;-<
>]‰Š,-. 5 W‹Œ 3 W 10 X Ž
‘3%’ 3 “X”•P–-<
9) —˜™š J>KKL MN› 3ῌ4 O
(1978) œ.ž=:@;-< EVxW™Ÿ
3;@ AB CDEF>g™ŸI ¡¢£E
] › 12 ¤ ¥¦§h¨ 19720 167῍212 Q
R<
› 98 N
›5O
Takahashi Yoshitoki and Western
Astronomy
YOSHIDA Tadashi
Professor Emeritus, Tohoku University
Abstract : When we discuss the achievements of
Takahashi Yoshitoki (1764῍1804), we must pay
attention to the two “Western” astronomical
treatises, for they contributed a great deal to the
advancement of his astronomical knowledge.
They are a sequel to the Li-xiang Kao-cheng, a
Sino-Western work by a German Jesuit I.
Koegler, et al. and the Dutch version of J. J. de
Lalande’s Astronomie. Both books introduced
the latest astronomical knowledge from the West.
This paper traces Yoshitoki’s life and achievements, focusing on his encounter with these two
works.
299
fŒ Ž‘n’“,”•'c (1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
(1732ῌ1807) Suzanne Débarbat
Observatoire de Paris, 61 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75014 Paris
e-mail: [email protected]
/
181ῌ8588 2ῌ21ῌ1
e-mail: [email protected]
1751 !"#$%&'"()* +,-./012'3,456789' !
:;<=>>?@A12 BC,DEFGHI JKLMNO
P2'3,67QR' S,NO 5 TU,N,VWX
YZ [NO\ ]^&
' ,_`aP,bc d (Astronomie)e fgh
3 i*jklm' !
:n
"opqr
sZ 1795 tu%&'vwx,?
*s9' 18 y
z{|}G~12 1807 €
p‚ƒ„…,†
‡*ˆJM‰
s9'
Š9‹
'C 1739ῌ40 1 ) k ‰ Š (Lacaille, 1713ῌ
1. 1762) @k.| III Y (1714ῌ1784) # (Joseph Jérôme Le François de La-
r_K‹Œ1ŽBe +‘„’F-
lande) ! 1" #$%&'()*+,*
9%=“'ˆ”r•< –(‚r—4
-./ Bourg-en-Bresse, 0/
123
'C
456789:1;<" = 1732 7 > 11
))˜\ ‰G™/šj›= œ1)
( ? @ A B 'C D ( E ) F G +
=4'# ?(hž1)†=1 |8
LMNO P+
}(jŸ1 Be mn)¡„&¢ˆ„&
PQ1R&S TU Français @VWX) 19
£4¤¥'¦§¨©=JK?@)†B„ª«’
Y Z [ \ ] % = ) François @ ^ K # _ =
&e<'C )=) ‘8|¬ Hô-
JB'C `('\ ab(c=)dU4e<K
tel de Clugny, ­(^ª" (®1¯°=<' !
fg#JK"C ?(h 0/ij,kl
2"C ??1)0/±²(#Jª `(
)mn(op(qr 1735ῌ6 ]%=1stu
~)~³,1<e´Eµ
4'+
(Pierre)+0HI=JK
vKwxyrz{e<'C `&1RBe
(Delisle, 1688ῌ1768) AB'C ?(1) T
|8}@~k.| I Y (1625ῌ
U(1…u&e<KR¶ˆ·ˆ
1712) II Y (1677ῌ1756) @(€(# ‚
¸#JB'C +)‘8|®1¹;<
)|8}#ƒ4„B'?@r…†‚‡@ˆB
ºj› TU(»-78¼0/" =
300
>
2005 5 >
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
a bV 1807 4 1 4 c5
de=f
2. F g C h i j (Derek Howse) 8 k lmCno pSolange Grillot, W-q
rstu vwQ.nxl
$y
z 4
W8{ |%}
~%: 1667 * 14 €
]{ 4
=!‚ƒ"<„\
5~>: #…<!†‡"
$%&'().‡*"{
$' 18 €ˆ‚„‰~Š<
‚8{' (‹Œ8+3„ e„e
b, ‚-.:~PX# (Perrault) Žz‚ 2 /<
› 1
‘0IJK~’(1/ =$"
#«F¹ºGG
H
pC. J. Negrel Mu
2  (2“3”• p48~<u –3 —;˜5™H6. 7(3 =$"š8~<
1 (Lemonnier, 1715ῌ1799) p› 3: 8œu
)xž III € 1784 cŸ W
9:3 cV ; )xž IV €
!"#$%&' (%
(1748ῌ1845) 8 1789 ¡
$¢<4£
¤ 1793 9¥8 W
1751 )*+,
-. ¦3
`§¨3 b,<„ /
01234(
* 16 €=©ªC«X* (de Broglie) ¬>­
56789:;8 .<. ® Š<(1/?¯3
=' >'?
@.
e 1 °U@.~‹±Awt{
A. )*+ B
CDEF
²$
(Ramsden, 1735ῌ1800) '(GHIJKL
)xž IV €8 1787 °U¡
$
M. C)*+
³B´“53C°.µ ²$
=
(NO
P#
QRS3 TUV
WFCXY*Z[(G%
=8\ 1775 ]^_`
I 98 »
I5¼
%
1/¶D<„
)xž IV €8W·V !E 8.z„Š¸.
301
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
1749ῌ1822) 1787ῌ1799 & ( b c @$d
' (Pingré, 1711ῌ
1796) eIJfg[\hiHZaNO
1756ῌ1836 j5k' 4 lm
Un 8o*B% pUn
q$
r* st%
!uf V&'W>v
w x\ (Thuret) yEz{ (Berthoud) E|
} (Leroy) E~Zz (Lepaute, 1720ῌ1787) #
€f>v‚ ƒ"„…†‡ #…†
‡uˆ‰ŠZ $‹%&=Œ Ž&=Œ 8
oB &&'(8> '
‘f&=Œ ’(“) f”1 m - 1782 •–
& = Œ / Z K Z ^ | ' ^ (Dollond, 1706ῌ
1761) Ž&=Œ ( f”2 m) *aZ—Z (Bouger, 1698ῌ1758) %˜/ZŠZf
!- 1785 *+f # 5 •
–™Z^ (Bird, 1709ῌ1776) %#…†‡
º 2
&&'(7»*$‰\G¼-.
(Hôtel de Clugny) C. J. Negrel 4°
1752 f”2 m u ,š•–0›œ' (Sisson, 1690ῌ1760) %žŸ‡ 1743 @
f$%
¡!*+%¢£ 3
1795 (Bureau des Longitudes) K¤¥
¦§ ‰\GZ-.
3 (messidor) 7 )d
*^&'aE@¨
6 25 @/©0!-1f$
!"
#$% &&'( 1795ῌ1800 )* + , - . / 0 1 ' (Méchain, 1744ῌ
3. 1804) 2-3$4 &&'( 5 1751 pUnª D2
67)89 :#
*« 1756 *B% 4 r ¬Un­
; <9#=; >
U®w4[¯& (Jeaurat, 1725ῌ1803) ?@;89A$*B%
-€ >vm38>vwE~Zz€
C9
1742 D E
f žŸ‡uˆ‰ŠZ!&&'(4°f
FGH 1799 )*IJKLM'
1769 ,š56@¦±q©0¤
NO 1742ῌ1806 )*&KPQ R
€# žŸ‡u 3 Ž&=Œ-7‚
NO &&'(#-SRT&'UO
) ²8³´µ-@qD2«89:‡-
V&'WUXO YZ[\]^]V&'W
¶‚;" 1769 ·‹<=¸-©0¹
@ 1775ῌ1807 _` ^&'aE (Delambre,
%¬u8$ £[¯& 302
>
2005 5 ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
I'ST (Q ‚"$fƒ"K
1777 !"#$%& (Le-
&{ (Marie-Jeanne Harlay, 1768ῌ1832) (+
. „U… Z†9 / 8
paute d’Agelet, 1751ῌ1788) '(
)
V' ‡W4‚cˆ
*+,- . 1768 /0*
Y9Zk?' ‰[WŠNO
1
.2+
+‹`9Œ- \.X7)
3'
45/06+7
Z
@94'9Ž8
]
89
 ‘
978 .’^V
(: ;<=
>/0?@
2.4 m AB'C@D EF
'X U+Z0
_ (Q. I'
~`
&
“k”+a \(+.
G.!"
1778 .#$
•• ‡\b98c–+d- ef—˜
@D % 4: &H #$%&. 1783 /0
gh+P i:9 (R™. 2
:I'+(: /
4Cš') K{›cLg
1785 ..J*KLM
NOP(
o0D (D0<j. Issac Newton Caro-
G (La Pérouse, 1741ῌ1788) line Herschel k1Z <œok.>
) Q
)RS*+TUV,W X
Q
5!K-Y
GZ[./0
8
ƒ<œ
q
lm@DI'n$. 454žgj
1786 1 2 .23@D 1
(Langlois, Ÿ1730ῌ1832) L ^e
3 ' 1788 \ # @ D ] & ^ _
(Canivet, Ÿ 1751ῌ1774) o Z ; < (Prevost, 1751ῌ1839) 9 8 4 ' 5 6 7 =
/ .]&^_8`9/
S‰* p-•ldf0'rH
/
: .89+:;<
qrI's)tk1 1789 (
=
>AB):I'
5 u¤I'. 1800 ¥v +@a (. =b>?
. ‡q€!Z¦wx§I
Mcde"$f"$eg
h"4
'+(:. „y9z… +{¨P©|b
i j (Michel-Jean-Jérôme Le François, 1766ῌ
Z
 9 (}. ª{¨
1839) . 1781 /0S
@Dyz V«'I'Z†~
@I'Ak1' 1792 . l
@D9(+;9
!:
@mB+ 45noCpD
EF9'G>qrHPIJ'
s
1789 . .(4ij"
>n7¡>g>'
¢£1
4. 5 36 ¬­®(D0I'
~¯°±
!
: Kt*u*,LM+N
. K
Dv) 1795 .wOxyz 1801 .
9' ‚9.8Vƒ„.9
KLM
²³. ´…µ (Histoire Céleste) ¶[@D
ZW-v
1797 >{|}
~ (Gotha) /0Pq€!
L{q€@D
·†g.. '¸mCp
(Burckhardt, 1773ῌ1825) 'W) DI'¹
Q R4 Z:
ˆ» ‰w Š¼‹ 'ŒP§<
1 98 ¬
15»
†º•D.†‡
Z
303
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
} 5
CC7kI
~bU3€‚PƒS„ …1795 ) 5 * 10 †
‡ˆ†
…Paris Observatory
1784ῌ1846) ST9:U02 VTUW
!"#$%&'
X'Y(Z[OM\ (Baily, 1774ῌ1844)
( 1801 ) 4 * +(,-
./0
1842 )
K24=2 OM\(]
12
343 56789:;<=>?
^_` aCC7bcde(f`gh
@A(B CC7DE3 1807 )
FG
i(jk4 ^l(mjno
H4IJJ12
pqr +bc( 47,396 sbUtu
1832 ) K 2 L M N O P Q R (Bessel,
304
vw xy bz{ 1800 ) 1 * 1 |
f`*‰
2005 ) 5 *
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
F FFL!"8uv#w(†GH
!!"#FI,=E
!!"#$%
J‡F 1795 KCDL !!"#
&'( 19 )*+,
10 !ˆ€‰… zMN O
F
-./ 0+,
!I!"Š‹ (Lagrange, 1736ῌ1813) !Œ!8
12345678 (Laplace, 1749ῌ1827) v 4  ‚ IV
9:;
Ž" <!"=6 !!"# 4 ! 
!!"# <!"=6!" >?18
dP‘H’6h (Borda) =(
)#@A $:BCDEF
f"“6 (Bougainville, 1729ῌ1811) 2 ! #'
?%&'#@ (History of Physical Astron-
6”&QRS&
1 ! •–
omy, 1852) "(GD#H R. I
TCD 1 ! U—’6hF‡
!"J (Grant, 1814ῌ1892) = !!"#FGV˜D !!"#
)$!!
"#* !E!!"#K6L!"
1806 <!"=6™W.r
MNF+OP,QRST
\r !!"#
-U V
m(J0Cš›F ›ZEFG[\
, 1814 WXY (Zach, 1754ῌ1832) FZ.[\]0O
/0^CD 1_CD
Sp
XL
Y
œ]E;
;E0 1835
J‡^_E ?L!"8`a@
`2aCD bEc 1846 de
>Connoissance des Tems. ž Ÿ ; b a
F%6'"fg (Galle, 1812ῌ1910) hg8J
Connaissance des Temps cd ¡ CdT (d’Arrest, 1822ῌ1875) 3iCD e¢.A 3£Ffgs¤D
6%'j (Le Verrier, 1811ῌ1877) F4k
1679 VG£RCD¥`a h
L!"8Q#(l !!"#m(JV
i¦v(6 (Picard, 1620ῌ1682) FjC
G3iCD 1795 5 n 8 5 10 5 2 op
DF kh!"„ (Dalencé, 1640ῌ1707)
6Q#(l;qrD >7 5A
FKja
5. !!"# 21 s8` etu
D
5',g§y
(Lévy, 1914ῌ2004) F¨lGV uv#
w(©; !!"# CdT 3Rm
:
1776 VGŠª!™W CG
1786 !!"#nRŽ"
v#w(
9 (adjoint astronome) «J"l4¬CDF kop!!"#
1758 x!6#y (Maraldi, 1709ῌ1788) 1792 rzk­®
:
(associé astronome) :
CdT 3R 2 R¤D 1792
;CD z 1781 <{= >{
E (J6f 1 m =?@. L!"8|; euv#
5'R¯q°Rs
w(}A{ (Institut National) ~BCD
"=6h"±6²VGrst Ž"
1795 !!"#zCD€
«6„³´rustvX.
E r dEuv#w(€;
E FGF
5',v4‚ IV Fƒ 7
¶·w
"<6„ (Condorcet, 1743ῌ1794) F,=…
y 98 »
y5¼
XL
E <!
9µ¤ !!"#
¸F-
1795ῌ1806 ¹º CdT !!"#x
305
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
51 sUVCWUVWt
!4uX
?&'tvY
wZA[\?
!
"#$%&'
3& q,r]xJ*Vy`az
()(&' I"^_{(_ (|}(~
&*+,-
'
_
JgV€ zr=*r‚ (Fried-
.& / *+, 018 1
rich) II &'zr=ƒ=„ (Masonery)
"#2 3& 456 *
`…S
+,7 1827 (&'89:;<=
' 20 7 †r ‡ˆ‰a
(Mathieu, 1783ῌ1875) >?@ /
gŠ‹ (Loge des neuf soeurs) >Œ7 A
zr=ƒ=„ŽH 4gŠ@ V
CdT B (C
(Talleyrand, 1754ῌ1838) ‘qŠ’“nz
DE
!FG H"#$%
&'
(' /
4 1752 T&S
1715 IJI
”r (Franklin, 1706ῌ1790) b' z
I•c
q,r–"n—€>˜
(Desplaces, 1659ῌ1736) )K *+,
U“=:$%™ zr=ƒ=„š
LMNOPQR-S
,(d›
%T .?
œž,Ÿ<V (Mau-
1745 UVWX/ SE 1775 pertuis, 1698ῌ1759) 4/E e$dA
EY3 &'
(S
>?S
IJ¡F&' 1751 12 t 23 Z7[ 1793ῌ1800 LM
U
\=A%T& Z7(&
0T H ]1PQ23^'T._
4ME((&' `a5LM
'' Nz
tK¢dA.f
?&c
'
1798 £q,r
T
$%6b7'cT 8
Tg ¤”In¥+,¦ (Saxe Cobourg) §
9 89dA:(;&' 089
h 1788 ¨=q,¦©iª=
2 (Annuaire du Bureau des Longitudes) jdf' /&'k
.?S
l‘_m_
y«¬3& (& CdT <=
>&'.?S
,L?(PQ% ª=
T
w. y«¬n­
–"
®aoD m$%š!F Z
@
AS'
0892 B 1 [ 1797 C DE
:$%Ÿ=: pfq‘r¯
CdT F e ' 6 CdT _ G
:;IŸ°s~_S
HI?df':
19, 20 1$%š~‘"š=±
(A
% Jg"hiJjKLM
T& HJtJ u'
klS
3& '
, NJj
O>&'`_ m$P"n%op$%Q
opS
DE&'89R&'
6. SD'q,r
T
306
o._
‡v‹ /²³ ´Ew@–
"ošCxZST
µpyz{8¶–"?|}'·=
g†"||
¸¹º*:*n
¬= (Edmond Halley, 1656ῌ1742) }
7 r,uX~»
¼ 1761 1750ῌ
yz{8¶ †r˜U“= 120 uX
t
2005 5 t
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
1
#
$
!"
%/&%
'
Tables astronomiques de M. Halley:
Halley, Edmond. 1656ῌ1742
1759
Exposition du calcul astronomique
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1762
Astronomie,
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1764
Explication de la figure du passage de Venus sur le disque du soleil,
qui s’observera le 3 Juin 1769;
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1764
Astronomie
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1771
Tables astronomiques:
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1771
Astronomia of Sterrekunde . . .
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1773
Lettre de l’Anneau de Saturne ◊Cassini.
a
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1773
Réflexions sur les come
◊tes
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1773
Des canaux de navigation,
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1778
Description d’une machine pour diviser les instruments de
mathématiques
Ramsden, J. 1735ῌ1800
1790
Astronomie,
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1792
Abrégé de navigation, historique, théorique et pratique, ◊
ou l’on
trouve les principes de la manoeuvre & ceux du pilotage,
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1793
Abrégé d’astronomie
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1795
Histoire céleste française, contenant les obser-vations faites par
plusieurs astronomes français;
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1801
Bibliographie astronomique;
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1803
Catalogue des livres composant la bibliotheque de feu M. JosephJérôme
La Lande, Jérôme de. 1732ῌ1807
1808
Astronomie des dames.
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1821
A catalogue of 195 double stars, taken from the Histoire céleste of
M. J. Lalande, reduced to January 1, 1800.
Labaume, Berenger
1829
A catalogue of those stars in the Histoire céleste française of Jérôme
Delalande,
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1847
Verzeichnifs der von Bradlet, Piazzi, Lalande und Bessel
beobachteten Sterne . . .
1859
Franc-macon Jérôme Lalande.
Amiable, Louis. 1839ῌ1897
1889
Catalogue de 3950 étoiles ramenées a l’équinoxe de 1800, 0.
Bossert, J. 1851ῌ1906
1892
Jérôme Lalande et l’astronomie au XVIIIe sie
◊cle:
Marchand, E
1907
L’astronome Lalande et la géographie.
Doublet, E
1922
Bibliographie astronomique:
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
1970
Lalande and the longitude: a little known London voyage of 1763
Chapin, Seymour L
1978
Grimm, Lalande et le quart de cercle de l’Ecole royale militaire
David, Jean-Claude
1982
Memoire sur la plane
◊te de Herschel.
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
Notice sur Sylvain Maréchal avec des supplémens pour le dictionaire
des athées.
Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de.
( 98 )
(5*
307
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
1769 <Ž ‘
’+=?“:…ŠZ
_ 8
. +$3€
!"#$% 150 &'(
”:)#4•G– (Gieben) Z#8y
')
8V4)ƒ% 21 —:$
*+,)
/>Q%/ C um ˜
- . ) ' % / 0 1
G™šqpG3›p$3"E
23+,456 (Wargentin,
œ€ ' 1808 „MQ%/- € )-
1717ῌ1783) 789:;<=>
%?@Q@' HAžŸ eZ
?-%@AB- C DE
#4Q
8!F!G (Piazzi, 1748ῌ1826) )
?K 31 —:…¡ 21 —
HIJK8 C
%|B' C 10 —
C
L'M 8!"D
¢/%$/'Z %~2_
N
.-OPQ%/
. 31 —81V@ 1 ŽK C
Q RSTUSV8W+X
: … ) - % C. š D £ ! (Seymour) %(KYZ[
1978 ¤ž`abZ#- )
)\]U)$%^_
1763 ¥LM€ ¦§%¨
C
L`abcT1
* C L ©ªRS (Aimable, 1839ῌ1897) (Banks) d)'-%/
1889 #4- q8«¬ G3
7. e!Qf gh"
+
›p€ +,q8
«¬b­)-%D®¯-'_
-Z- :$°'EF90
ijK+,0#K.))$Z%/
0G+?K:…_ .
3 '
1768 Z `+k lmn9
0HY g; 1 '
ZI 
GopLpq1r +st%/ %
+€ (Astronomie) .J4
#4• Desaint
um LRS&v/^ _'(
et Saillant Z 1764 „MQ «±²
)*[% 1812 !w (Arago, 1786ῌ
#bf -%/; 2 4X
1853) )A+- !w
ux^
K +B
4µ . ; 2 4
1774ῌ1781 „MQ
-%
y1z{,% +,-)
e./-^
«±²³%'/ gL´; 2
8
2 šV_ ; 1 4 2
1803 |01}~2
‰¶MN (quarto) ; 2 4
$ 4 ‰N_
 + $ 3€ (Bibliographie astronomique)
gO 10 m 1792 ; 3 4 3 ‰¶
#4-%/ .
*56/E
MN)-%# 8
PšV_
)7‚890ƒC%/ 1970 8y
NQ·>R QšV
8V4„MQ :…
†
S_% %TN^¸UV¹/
‡x/ ˆ5LSq (Poggendorf, 1796ῌ
; 2 œSy)-% 2 —N¦§ +
1877) 1863 #4-g; 1 ‰Š
,º[ +€ „Mm WO4+€
1762 $/ ‹+8Œ
(Abrégé d’Astronomie) gXYZ»[F
308
¼\
2005 5 ¼
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
῎ ¢N`? (1773¡) £`
20
!"ΐ#$
¤kCOM&¥¦ U ῌƒ,&
%&' ()
,H§J¨©8 * 8 +῏ῌ Astronomia of Sterrekunde ªῒ&«¬O­D®¯ (Monique Gros)
,- 7 . /0 4 +0 1 1234
* ˆ‰°Ÿ›œl bWd ƒGῌ
536789 *:;<=>?;&
b±²
Wd bc5Wd ›
@ A (octavo) & B > C < D ? E F <
³J´µ8<MJ¶·HJ¸5 ¹º»
(Cornelis Douwes) GῌHIJKL <
MNOP (Strabbe) Gῌ 0 1 +* 1773
QR+* 1778
ST UV
WX*῏ῌJῐ῍
0 3 Y῔* Z[J\]^_&
1785
NN`a* bc5Wd
(Astronomie pour les Dames) J
e*
fgJh?;DaiDjFk (Mme du
Pierry) llm eZn8 opqr
QstZ[u oeZ* 1789
*
&WvwxyJz{u )
xy*Z[& STeZ6|P>
}~ nr 4€&{ * 1795
1806
‚
8 1821
‚
l *ƒ
J{8 * 2 .36r Q4*NN`a
„ bc5Wd 2 .…*†‡`MC
> (Fontenelle, 1657ῌ1757) „ bˆ‰Š‹
[d /4
* 1686
9 1826
& Œ
* 2 .2Ž
l3l
8 *NN`a‘R 1826
’
“”
8
NN`a bWd (Astronomie) *•–—˜
„3{& ˆ‰™()š›œl8
Lalande: His Life (1732ῌ1807) and Works
Suzanne D≈BARBAT
E
Observatoire de Paris, 61 Avenue de l’Observatoire,
75014 Paris, France
Abstract : Lalande, born in Bourg-en-Bresse,
made his first studies at the Jesuit College, later
in Paris, attending Delisle’s and Lemonnier’s
courses. He went to Berlin in 1751 for the
determination of the lunar parallax, with Lacaille
being in South Africa. Among the observatories
in Paris, at the end of XVIIIth century, were the
ones remaining to the Navy, the Royal
Observatory, and the observatory named after
the Military school. Being nominated as the
head of this last observatory, Lalande asked his
“nephew” to observe positions of stars, having in
view a large catalogue. Together with other
observers, he and his wife obtained places for
about 50,000 such objects, the so-called Lalande’s
Catalogue.
Lalande is also famous for his
writings, mostly his book whose title in French is
“Astronomie” published in three editions. He
was a member of the Académie des Sciences and
of the Bureau des Longitudes.
žŸῑ†N`< (1771¡)
0 98 +
05¼
309
_`a %&bcdef
gh (1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
530ῌ0005 4ῌ2ῌ1
e-mail: [email protected]
!"#$%&
'()*+,-./'01-23 4567
89:;2- ./%&
'<
=>:? @A, BC,
DE>
MNJO! 19 PQRS
3 9FG HI
./G4!
:J1KL'
! 40 TUVW:X Y
./
Z['\]
^3
4xxy (1732ῌ1807) 5‹<" “Astrono-
1. mie” Œ 2 hx|} “Astoronomia of
Sterrekunde” Strabbe 1773ῌ1780 Ž ~
"#!$%&'()*+,- .
!(- 34"Y7 ~K! x
/012*345"- 67 879
xyM ‘’M Q‘’M 09
/0:;!<=">?@-
z/6"-
!
AB6CD>5 E45FG="
“Astronomie” 7xxy“‹M6 $%&'7 HI!J0
35„K=)- ”7
@G"- .KLM67NO>
1764 6_)5 35/>hx|}7
P<"@8 5Q309RG=
Œ 2 (1771ῌ1781) !•–vt—|–˜4
)7S50,G="- <@< TU=V
vwx™š5<"*6_)1)-
) WX:;4"Y7Z[\]^!
yM 5 ›!œ<=ž-
RG="6_)- <@*`a&bcd
e] fgahibj6klm*[G="
n<= ,o@pq>r@G=s"-
1 xx
3. 37!"#6 $%[()
34"Ytuvw7 xxy
&Ÿ! B<="- ƒ¡n¢'£¤@
M z{K)hx|}3M6 87
8()!¥m< (j£j*+![ ¦a
~:;!€6"- 67 3
|& ¢§¢' !¨)6_)- &
59‚<=xxyM!:;<"@
,7Oš&v6_G"5 O6*-©.Xª
ƒ= .n!"9G=V"-
@8Q35/0< «¬­M® 1634 
2. „= 6xxyM7 …xv
†a&'‡ˆ‰ˆ…xvLŠ6_G"3
310
] «¯°±® ²³& 1723  «¯°±® W
& 1742  G"M5&Ÿ„K ¦™´&
µ]¶·x&12530„K="¸¹ 8 (1796) 3º»¼ (1764ῌ1804)
3£+
2005 5 £
ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ (1)
10 (1798) !" #$% &'
()*+,- "
#$% .'(/012+3
4,- 56
78
59:
;<!& 7=
>?"#
:@
A$B %&C
D'EFG7H6
=IJ< (K!L++M
E59N
4. ῑῐῒΐῌ῎῎῏῍῕῔
O) 3 (1803) 2 ! PQ;<RS*+
,-T++ME./UV
012734W59
: PQ XY5ZY[\67]^0_8Y
9`a][
59:@
:b2) cA
@;<
A$ =
d
e
=Wf>9:?@gA
hij_
#++MEkA% B 1 l
#++MEC
g% D
mEn,o59:@
++ME¥+M¦§¨
F? #En,oGH% D
:
ž CCŸN
? lm59? cN
Ip& PQ++MEJKLqr
M sNOPQ59? tOPu
80 R
”€ 1
hiu_5B
t
¡•J¢
n£o:
vPwJSTUx
6yV
=! puqrs¤Ot
JJWmz 7 !JN>vC{|
:++ME¥+M¦§¨6
0}X
[
=<©Bª5tuv«•
Yr~Z[€:‚\;<]
: 4 –=¬ 500 ˜™t9? ­®
^Jhiƒ6 „z_W #++ME
5w6x{ PQ++ME ¯€
kA% B 2…8 l†6`=hiD
:=!m5¥+M¦§y{A6JN
L‡ 5ˆa‰bQŠ ‹ŒWŽc
v @cA
°z—
d
efg‘YŠ (++ME’“D
±† {5J
hiN²X³´{J:|59:
”`{h•: ++MEk
µD #++MEkA% 5¶„
A 8 –—5t 1,000 ˜™š
=8›
:}~ !" " ·¸ ¹
itœ6:
º¸ 4·¸ En5B
B 98 l
2,000 ˜™jkJ: t=
B5¼
o »¸

311
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
; 1
<<=%><=“” (5 • ) <– =>> 1 •<–
)
•
?
>1•
>
>
>
>
>
>2•
> 6 > 7 > 8 > 9 > 10 BC34c)¡ 6 ¤DEE a)ƒ4¥J¦FE
HE
E
§¨E
!"E
>3•
> 11 > 12 > 13 > 14 > 15 > 16 > 17 > 18 BC
U©ª
^«
¬GE
™9#5¨ ­®HE
$¯°E
$¯°±IJ$²žE
J—#WMJ¥E
œ
³§¨JI¨E
­g¨J´E
™
>4•
> 19 > 20 > 21 > 22 > 23 > 24 K
E
LJMNE
™µIMƒOPE
bQ ¶QE
RS·¸DJ—S·¸DE
J¹ º¹|»$?T!"E
>5•
6U•:
1
2
3
4
5
@
—˜A
™š›J-}E
œ
J
E
>
>+žŸ )¡4CDE
¢£‰E
BC H œ
V
JW
™¼;
`a P Jc
%^_ b & (1756ῌ1816) def ./0
1g-)CD
R hiMjK'
k)3)
!"#
$%&'
()
V1b&lmE ()*+C
*+,-
5. Dno3c4) pVJqJr
n3-3-) ,stu vdewx
./01 2345 674+8
y+z{ CD| #[-}./~0€
9: ;-) <<=%>?@AB
_‚124ƒb&„3‚1
CD
EFG (1804) 1
… †4
5VJW)VV6‡Q
H 41 IJKLM+-)
3P#Q
01N@ ./O (1785ῌ1829) ./ˆ78)b& <<=%>
‰
RS LT 20 I-))UC
9CDQVJ
Š‹ ŒKlm
D
R
g-
QVJW3-) V !"
01JJ*XYZ)-)#[\]$
312
ῌŽ<<=%>‘ 4:’i
H6
2005 5 H
ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ (1)
® 3
® 2
¯° W±²³´g[
e; LMNOPQRlµ¶©D·¸
¹
© WXY[ e; LMNOPQRl
µ¶©D·¸¹
T( hijTklmno"pq:(
rsc\D"tu"qvw(q:xy#w
#*T; qq<z{|}a~€s‚
ῌ 5 ? ƒ„?…a‚†i‡ˆq"‰; Š‰
῍ 1 ‹Œ{DC Ž:vc"
῎
{q:'w;
!"
#
(? V‘’"“qa”•–`a
+,-.
:; (w‚ ^—D˜"™š›:
345"6789:; <=>?@
‹Œœ#žŸqabc ‹Œ{DI
A>:+,#ῌ(῍? BC
#@
T¡¢£y#j`:‚(¤A>
$%&'()* /012
A> DE 5 (1808) F"GH"IJK>:; LM
:?jT; fBc #‹Œœ£
NOPQR"SATUV WXYZ
[ #<
y¥9a>¦ WXY[ vws~€s
\]"^:T; B:_ 1 D"ssC?jT; <?§¨a…T
@`abc <d]ef WXY[ g
( ©ª ™« #¬q:S¬ W­
98 5º
313
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
2 =RDˆ‰<(<ZŠ‹DŒ‹+
((< Q=[5R‹+()
!"#$
=>CD.QVŽ\+5€S]^o‡'
%&'() *+,-./ 6 (1809) +!!( -_,*(yz{Z
0(1,2 / 8 (1811)
|N8
345678
2 =R|NOaD~Q* -= Dˆ
€Sˆ‰< `HE/;6
9!!
:;6 -""<
=>?#
`K) ./. €S‘‹
’B $456(@#!8) &ABCD
,**“ob;6
EFG%;#!8. HI.
Ž* OcdŒ”`e•%–*(
J;6
HE/C\—˜*
!(K) &
%# .=>?#LK
!() -"
*A()
uKLv.fHIQV™R(1 /
B .M'NO(P'K) -6QR
š (1804) 12 › 25 H.HIQV$gj
&+5S(). -*T$,#
'() .HI.€Sˆ2!+5Q=œˆh
*
2‹!(< CD1E!@#=>
+,U2KV8)
;
.-W
./
XXYN.Z[\#X0
12^_K"#H`* ]
3Z
[\X]4a56*
!) -6#b
A5 7c8d9:e*
Z[\;
?#.yz{Z|N7€SQT`žE
"#*(K) -*
CDŸ P!
Œ”! O}Pcdi
h%* uKjk*()
+“*
l 2 › 25 H .HIQVAB
f<g=>h%#!(i2j'
uKj#m=>nyz{Z|NaD~
Q,Ž;6(K) nd+5
#?X#k@lAmP'() -B
6.01,2 / 8 (1811) .
=>n3nKCDopEF(;
6()
"yz{Z|N¡¢£¤¥¦. 6 §b'
56( uKj.¨o~Q2‹+()
;5mp©ª7B«¬~Q)
6. ,q­* ®q8.­r™„() «¬Ds
„+ 2 1"#K()
’!
7%qr"
ms¯X%q!°t“±Bn656
(#*
A(
uv²R(
GE*(. st,HI=>h%*("
#* +,U2,K ³w‹®q
#J56uKLvK() M.
#‹()
wxE!
yz{Z|NO}P~Q
* =R€SQT*78#S(K
)
7. =>CDU‚K(uKLv. ƒ7 12
/´Vµ¶ L.+5
(1800) +5 17 „(BHI=>h%(
=>?#i2E6( xD=>·.y¸
<QV() MQVWX.QV
-¹z{º¨| (1787ῌ1822) n
GE*("# …NY=SQT7B=
H}#* ~*
R†S‡<
8K) z{\.»s¼£¡¦X
314
!() *+*€S&!
.
›d
’B !(7
2005 5 ›
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
5 2
)®O ! 15 k
4p
kP
Q ¯_°#˜R
@ 14 9 s
f,X)*6)5
c&P()# g-h
P
UVij+3 40 k.l
k 1
ST:rsUT: V–
k 2
±wT:rswT: / 2 3 s
k 3
wT:r²W: @ 15 3 s
k 4
wT:r³W´µ: @ 14 sr8t9uv: swuv: x
k 5
wT:r¶K³W´µ: @ 14 11 s
yz{$|w;<:}~
uv
k 6
wT:rXW: @ 12 8 s
)*5 L/ #*=
k 7
wT:r8·: @ 12 9 s
>?@
3uv:LPY0)*/ k 8
wT:r¸K²W: @ 15 5 s
)#45
k 9
YT: / 3 8 s
k10
ZT:
8. k11
FT:
12 (1841) 23#%c&C'P(
k12
¹T:
)e*+
3 €43‚ƒ
k13
[T:
<.<,X 15 (1844) 1
k14
ZVº»±wT: /ˆ 10 s
7P+ ‡Aˆ "‰ƒK!5 Š
k15
xT: / 2 1 s
/ 9 (1826) 01 7 (1836) 23mno
5
4p#5 2 Pq/) 67r
„…6†6
!#=>€‹ B0Œ
/-!
!2uv:) C 6 (1873)
67"Ž@K!L)@K!5
283ῌ308 ‚>?# % 40 
‘’“”•_“]P–<—‹0
!" )*" c&C'# ˜) ™
#$%&'()*+),-./0
01š›D^œž P43q/ #12+345
Ÿ1"‘’ E)#4Š
678)9:;1.<=
P5C
345 P#4= ‚>? >?)*+" @ 10 (1813) F…%q43 !G
*+ABCDE"F>4 GH
¡?"¢H
3ƒ!I£#<1"=45 IJ KLMLN OPQ"RS
"+3 ¤¥ #Ÿ10+3¦
3
L+5 T4UV W
‘’# +)#4§¨<
#>)*+" #XY
Z0RS
3
L4 AB[):Y
5)
!34?#\V
!"]^_`aM
=1+5
b.<1 ABC#b!L):Y34
! > ? # $ @ 12
15
9. yz{$|w.©JKPLI %"¡MªN=3ƒ+‘’# ‘’"*5
(1815) # %c&C'Pd()e*
@ 4 (1807) P@ 8 (1811) 0‹
+
3 ABUV W "«¬
ŠP"‹+1­P/ %)#
\ 98 k
\5¼
315
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
ˆ7‰Š|(F)HI f‹
8;deŒ^9Ž(;:
! 3000 "ῌ3119 "# (64 ‘’“”)†hH*
$%&'()*+,)-
( ./0()12(345
•’I<
; –l(—ˆ
6-
/07*6 89/0()
7˜;™ —š›œ–V<I
:(;0-
64
<
FFžŸ
<:
<
=4> 6(1835)
?
@AB/=CD4%E
( FGHI J
;KLMGN/0-
F)OP
>
/0(
10. QR STU; 19 VWX
YQ
40 0<IE
(
Z[
!"#3/0-
\]0^</4
1) = 1972, STU) ¡{|¢ £
¤¥>¦6) 8§¨ML 65 +f© ª?@
474
2) ABCD 1986, dV8f«R¬ ­®¯°
± 229
3) Rƒ ² 1977, STu ³´® 412
4) ABCD 1943, f«Rµl(¶·E)c
G9 ¸@ 121
5) Rƒ ²¦6 1981, f¹9º» ³´®
118
6) ABCD 1986, dV8f«R¬ ­®¯°
± 351
_/0-
6 `$%ab&6c*
):(def'\]g(
Ih6-
c
_i4)jkl6m*&6
H*nh( 6; J
o Qp4q+
,r ML/'Hdef-h
H*)
/0( stu.v/
40a:(U-(
H(1w
<k2x3;y5^0( z
{|} ~ z€} )-
g
/&h4 y0‚4~ƒ)5„…6
Shogunate Astronomers and de la Lande’s
“Astronomia of Sterrekunde”
Tsuguto KAZU
Osaka Science Museum
Abstract : In the beginning of 19th century, de la
Lande’s “Astronomia of Sterrekunde” (Dutch
version translated from the French 2nd ed.) was
introduced to Japan. The shogunate astronomers made a reserch of European position astronomy through “Astronomia of Sterrekunde,”
and they succeeded in a revision of Japanese
ephemeris in 1844.
&()†h ;- ;‡
316
¼F
2005 5 ¼
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ ‘ 34’“”<ƒ„•r– (1)
/
181ῌ8588 2ῌ21ῌ1
e-mail: [email protected]
$%&'(! 19 )*+,
-./012 3456789: ;<=>?+@A
BC,D+E+(F GH& IJK L
BWX
nj
!"#
MN0OPQ<R;<STUV
YZ[0!\]8^_`]abcd:,F e fghijklm
\opqlr! sppqt7u vw%x
!yz{\o|}q~

€‚ƒ„y…2 †‡G<ˆ‰+Š‹Œ\2Žd:,F
- Q6T>ˆ
1. Q`U‰8T^1 NO UVW2&
%
!"#$%&'
() *)+,-(*.
/#
Tdef:c O
&0(1 !"#2$%34
Š‹X7(YZ[FŒ\6
]Ž ^6 „R*4w† )8*VE-
6 .*?-).Q=‘
’ 6
^8
T1
5& 5 (1720) 6'()*78
6“_” •–—;˜™ šGQ
9:;<=6>?(*+,%@-.*/0
`› œ:dažŸe6"`E-(h#
ABC $$1DE-2 FG
6 ab cl
3*H 2IJK64LEMNO P5
g¢aQ£¤6C>h¥^8U
-6.Q6RST8T(U)7V
)h%i‡-8T(1 Z ¦
-*6WXT)Y8Z[
ƒ6§{(H¨jk6CXX©‡¡ '
\]&0^1 -))C6 34_9Q
lªlmno)*C)hp8-‡6;
`a'b:c defg&*X-.*
<>ˆ
;<4L?(U)C=>E-(h#6
’
^
‡¡ deJ[fg
TQ6«q¥
X^
˜U)6r¬?(U)CF@)
1 ij66.*?-kl@m6 A
8sX^1 X 19 G­˜™6
BCaDCn
tu6v‡-8 6.®¯*aQ£¤°J
!T(1
.o60() pqrsEtT
!C±²?(h#6
uv&C)& Fw)8GxH8
˜w
yIaHJ*?-Cz{(h#6
()
(1 ³& Zxy Q)T#Qz6Z
(1 8{‡!h#67V X6[T
8. 8 (1811) 6 |}~):KE-
8´|6}µ8lT1 u UU&¶#
(€e;LM‚NO-PQ6?-
Q) g¢)-·L£]°J
?(ƒ „R*SA…L† 26y‡
fgu{&
€ 98 »
€5¼
% 6>?(¸~"¹º)
317
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
-
2. SC|~ˆ‰Š‹:{|
1OP"#z‡=:+&+
!"#$%& 1608 '()
*"#+,-.
! 5 / 0
I* B}Œ~|I )C SC
"#: KŽ€‚K&I
<
18 (1613) &12345
-ƒ:
-N$ G
+6789"#:;<+
-"#:P G#„‘…†:H†
-+ =+"#
‡† <8 ’ˆK‰
+ !/
“L<F,# ‘…†:o-$
$ :><?@<
-
!A (1639ῌ1715) Œ<^J ” •;Ž
$ !A"#$$ %&+ B'()C
†H†
L–—< ˜‹
* +D,E-F.!A+"#:/0
—H™anP
,<†ˆŠ‹aN
<:1G&$+1) !A+2
YZ`[K"#;‘š’<+
345*"#H6-I7J8
“›): 4 ”/0<vœ› (Schyrle) ž
K&$ !AE-F.9:+
Ÿ- 2¡ ¢¡(Š•"#@–:
LM 1 :;< 1 =:$:N
£ K—˜<TJ$ ¤0K-
F.OP"#>Q:!A+?
Ÿ SC"#@™ ‘¥…†
@<<ABR
:‡P+
- c¦Š§¨© 1660
SC+DEKTF:UO&G<
ªš†«2¬§­Š Š+N®,-O
7V+ H2
F.I-T
|I›+¯
$d
JWF.:U DKX
YL+$
œ¢¡(Š"# …†:-†E-
MZW[Z&I-SC
2 ”“›)°žŸ j±
NOP
-< SC23KQR\
& j SC+YZ`["#:0<
SF.I)T,- SC]U^
¡_j 3 ”“›):¢Hvœ›
(1716ῌ35) V_#W$X
<
YZ`[
£U¤¯:²¥,¦§
K\]a F."#:5
L
…†E-:J³L³%& G^^_: / `bab cS
´µ>¨¶z%·Œ+ 8=
cbd +d 6 (1769) ;< BeKf
+ ©:}<SC
FegfFC chghd ij "#i
³&K&
k]U* ljmno*kf\pl mqnrs
.s VRptuqvsjwp"#qo(p
xy K&P z{ k
3. ?@& G¸zW
"#iy qj< DE"#
¹ª«
|ƒ+
F.|<*r},-1s
¹ª:?@¬­®: Rtu c2~5€vW Emmanuel Diaz) +¯©<H°$%& G-
K BwxC (1615) ‚ƒ„y<…† d
º
† 18 ±»²$
318
-P-Ÿ
¼³
2005 5 ¼
ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ (1)
(tuv! Jqrh/?wF!x
G2cyz 2)2 =i {(<
|}H!i~75€IEf!
A JCKLCi)?/
‚ƒ! 3lM#NAh/?„F
MfE):( ; O$…PQ{
:?!A†(E:
?/()* lM-R*Ec?f‡
!5((<%ˆ*
;;! ‰Š‹STŒ lMh/?€IH!2?>c2) ,
!
aUVe ?'(67 W 1
ŽV-‘2(! W 1 lMW
’=“X”Y-•2( Z–[
;—6:? ˜\'
2 ]™^_|A`ƒ*?>A ™ H
[š' f7 1 ]™ I •a IB 1731 f›b!5“XE:?/ œ AB !"#$%&'( !
#NAž@?/ E Ÿ )* +,-.
# G, G῍ cde6¡ C J6¡!
(/012/ 3- 4 1
™ H fg02¢I hf E ¡
!!5672(89
!!:
):(™E:?/ •a IB -iO›b
( ;(< =">/?#$%
'^? ™ H ;g!cdeJj
3@!6AB:.C!D&E:(
2?Gˆ67KF2(5 £™-4
F'!GHA IJ(6:?K
›b'^3VŽ 2 k4›b¤
L<?)M'( DN (1772
/7LlŽ¥M)* /hf 2a¦b mA
O)P! (1781O) Q! RS*T3
nh;) h@A œ AB o4
U+V'W (1778) ,! -X.Y2(/
2 kp§-ž1!>ƒ J,-_q
IJ0Z [1\]2!G^*(;-F2
r|;!5 ;lM
?/2 !Q 34_52(`
! Jcdes-j'^?tu4
/6)*B ab2cd789^Ae /7
-! ¨©c?f3ª«t'
F'f
/;¬3vw!:(
;g! h/?:i j
,­®$Q
¯x yz{¥°(<
;/$9<=k>?'?/( 3 sz-|±*(²} 7 (1795) !
IJ0Z!:(=@AN*6 UBH
3‰! ~*€¥ (³
CW ! 3 (1783) ! ;
‚#67E ´ƒµ„ €
l D I J m n o p P J q r ¥ i€-…¶2( U¥·€W3) 6
(Cornelis Douwes) /7( 1749 sE2
¸!€¹n)*®$º?(²} 8
† 98 »
†5¼
319
(1) ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ
(1796) mnH$#]oa.$2 p 1 {(Q=| E3' {q
rQ=| P~ 6 (1809)G  {
:3| %I12 s`€t+I1% u
!"#$# %&'(
v1 4IKw {x‚F:3|
)
yƒz„m'…†-$2 3' ‡
*+ ,!-#"
.$#$/%0#$12 3' 2 4
ˆ4‰OPPI{"1hi}j
#$56#'7& 10 (1798) '
{k
Q=| E|t} ~P€
+
PŠG $ucX%I12 KLM ‚
()8 9 * +, :
‹
ƒ „
hi}jk… !"#
; - . /<0
V }j†Œ #$ {:
=2 >>?1 23
23| 1 {(Q=| VW(
>>@ 4506A 2
ŽD‘‡c {ˆP’“| {‰…’
3
B78
“b3| (1850) .`ŠB ”+‹•–—
$# :CD EFG H$#+
ŒKc-'}j$#$12 J
I1% J9:3%5.$;K#$
mn gV†1?@3Ž‘’.“
12
vNx1N5_M# J%(
<%LM N2=+/.$
$5˜:"#$15v-'+I12
>&' ?@OPQ=RS$#T7
?gt0#™”7•”š7–M13 2 AU3' VWBC
$u—+ (˜7›™"'g
DEX1'M<F YZ[\GH E]+
œšT@Owž*-'4 Ÿ
^_D.`9a#$1G +I0'2 4
› ¡%;0#$1u.¢ H3 2a£b IYZ[\GHQ= JbPI+I0'
$uwž}jœ/-#$12
KLMN.`cM# OP.dJ=
}jK4 ¤+I0'oz}ž
eQR-'2 -5- OPQ= ST
1 {:Ÿ 2o73| †
-#¥¦#$12
+ UV-WfgLM(.` O
J¡Pb¢x pu+I12
P)XM:-'OPh%LDX#$1
£t¤5 ¥ ¦%§.`+m.$§
NOPYZ- (?@Q=%
¨(%9m.$5
[=+/.50'N%\i.0# 7
$'2 I1¨ ©ª§ª- E«”G % ¬
&]j5OPR^kl-_M'Bm
« ¬­®%¯°±’-'$ < Ÿ
12 < NBno/7.p`=
¥­²$#(+¨®21'N
-'$qL'r$.$2 .s. t>
%I1 ¯0'2 N³$'}ž ´±
&1u ab.OPv (w
5°µ±x13²¶³0'2 ´µ
x1c>d-#$15+I12
· J¶bNN!-'+I12
3y oz#$ {:23| $u
$M©-#
N ¥­¥ ¦|a:$1®<
cX%I0'N% #$ {efg| V
¥3}ž%
W4>x1hi}j1 {k
Q
E·¸¹Z‘¸©+¹Œºº»-'G 5
=| !>0#;1% dl.%J
³$'%K»¼.0'5`u5
320
$H$'+I1% §«”
OP®¼
2005 5 ®
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
$$p?Kq} rst~ q
(1804ῌ
?u
1805) g… !" (1804) 26 2 x
4)
€# ‚ƒv„uw
! " 10 1 #$ % ‚2yz6 A{JCM|†8
&' ( %)*+,-./*,0' 12
9}~€‡2ˆq6Y |†‚ƒ
345 6278
„
‰;Š‹? Œ0N …†
9 (:25
[ ‡8
] ˆ"‰
;
<!2"; #=2$
Š‚‹ŽŒ‘ ’’… P“J3?3 ‚
%3 &'%>? @6ABA2CD
~€”2‹•3R–63?<!Ž
E FG,H 9(I2"3?
? B ~—8o
10 20 ??J =)68*+3?
K?
10 26 !" 10 7 #$ ( :E12LM5 ;=)6
3? ,-K./0J
mno‚Ž;/
3xy ,˜‚™‘š^
’^BK14)
4. F)s,t›œžs,t jk
213 N-O23 452P
“2:Q;IK 66
E3!"6278K 9
Ÿ 8b¡¢Ya3AJ2k92B
:63#=22;Q<R=>?CS?
£¤E ¥¢b]_”9
@4TJ J?=UA2B;Q
{I63•–—˜2™¦ S`
VCDK 8 4EF
š›[K #=”$Lœ §¨ 6
<WGHSXIJ63?
Y
(1853) © Cž Q# œ
3? A63 WGZK[K
žs,t22;QŸM LJ
ª4QVD ¡ ¢£¤2\«M¥
\LMN# CO?63?D
YM3?
Y]3? D^_
BoQP“J3?K \¦§
9P` [KN-O
¢Q ¬9¨o=>?­©CS?
a=AQ2RC63?3 \bScS
<R ~z©=>?2®ªQ
/«e
dTUe?
VMK ;
¬2¢QVC­a0K ‰k
f 9
gW` XYN-Oh
®_R;D?63 F)s,t_
ZY[ \]^]6
¯°±¯oQK ²?s³´K
i2jk_9V`\af63 \¦§F)s,t AE°Mµ?
2R 1994 ^ld6
3?JC`#
mBJ A8bnop8q
?
¨J±
6 ²†=;Q —³
C. H¶·žT
¨3´¸6 Ac defN r dg F)s,t
— µ 2# 18 ¶¹¨·F)s,tD?
uvK-*w* (circle) D?3xy6
3P“3? \¦§QºQ¢QY
h ijzk{-*w*l|mn;Q 2
¸¹J3? A63 º»‡^ ¥
Y 5ῌ6 (1822ῌ23) ?3? ^ o
¢œžs,tQh8
¼ 98 »
¼5¼
321
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
!"
# $
%&' ()*+,-./012
3
*+456789:;
<=>?3
@AB# %CD E?3
@AF'GH I*+JK'
LMNOP QR=BFS %:TU
VWXYZ[\2']^V"# %
%$ LMNOP _` abc6de
'fgFh:*+ijklm\2$
n
op%$qCD#
† 2
† 3
322
:¢£¤œ'Ÿ‹ LMNOP Cornelis Douwes Cxy8a¥]:¦
Beschrijving van het Octant en deszelfs
gebruik , . . . (1749). Leiden §‚†e¨©#
%% abc6rstuUvw%
D5)# C. abc6 (1712ῌ1773) xy8az
{6|}a{~€‚ƒƒ„$„… €
Lyy8‡ˆ‰eP Š‹:ŒŽ‘’“”y •–—‰˜ 8 ™ Zuidervaart Cde 349 š›
œž# %Ÿ‹Œ  J. J. Blassiere V"%$'¡›#
ˆ‰ª«
2005 … 5 ª
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
*
s!Pz)]+{^>(
!" #$
%&'(
)
*
+ !",
-./0123456)
LhO!)(W[q\ xy7V
5. ῏῍ῐῑ῎ῌ
|^}_ N1797 5Q _0`'_)U 7|^
_9 a wZb)(Wc NV 19ῌ25, ~def
6)
+ 6
+ 789  ghi€jkQ + l‚ƒw„
:;'<=>(6)
m"(…n)A!R>( |^}_+o7
!?@A45 :B 7
p7V! o7qr)†.‡ˆ&L
89 ':
‰Š‹ 7|^_9 !Œs"tuO45
2)
"
! A.
&0C (Strabbe) D(>+E"A@FG4
+Ž5 (1844) >A@ wZb
5>!7) "! 78
+ 6v_‘
wxyz!{c’
9 H">>36)+#$A I
_5>( "A" |tR) ‘
wx
BJ+ 789 KL+ E"+%M
“})n”Ac •N–~+—
& NOP'&Q ()45*
)tƒ˜@5(
+R
')ST5>(U)
45 %M
™^ 3 5 (1856)  gh€)I
&+ 5 VWX , 1 V!YZ>(
‚ƒ aT„…+ 7‚An9 †V'"
! *
"+ 6
xy7V !•„šuZ'Z(
, 1 V"A-."( , 2 VE]
+)">+‡›)F>*( +
œT5>(ˆ‰'Šž5” (1) ‹
[\!)">
"!/^01+ , 1 V!4
5234=5 1773 5
!"
ŒaŽc (2) 34Ÿ ¡
¢
A@ 67 6W"++ _`+
*‘£’) ¤“”¥‚¦ (3) §Z¥
a'89">A@b:;<!'=c "A
‚ ?¥‚L (4) [•¨‚L N¡i©
,45 789 *
–Q [•¨ª‚L N«¬.–Q (5) N—•Q
4>ST56)+ 89d!?>(
†•¨‚L (6) ˜•™ Nš™Q I›
6)A@@A NA 3Q I"> +.e 423
L (7) ­œ‚® N¯°±
Gf;<!B gCD EhD(>
,Ÿ:l‚“s)“}A'm~">(
i
&_!Fj@5>kc8) +
lG'>m^@5n((
$²Q ž
(1) + ‹Œa!Ž!>˜^
+ oHppI)(W'.
> ' aP 7¡¢wZ£9 N¤³¥Q )
) J5
!)"> 78
7‚n9 N¦§lQ #>n">( _
9 ¨ ´µ ¡
qr'K*c*3T_^>(
A@6I 789 *
.e¢' 7¡¢wZ£9
LhMN
A@¶">kc ,~©ªµ«FG"
[\O!cP I"> 7
>( (2) ¤“”¥‚¦ )+‘!“D@A
89 *
+!s!PQR45A@6
5>˜^67•·¸¬! 6”
I S++TUOtu?VNWXY
­'®v¯¹"ºv)">©»°•±
U>X6)! "!> 'n">(™+OVN²³( (5) +
+ 7Zvw9 B!) 789
, 2 ´~j†ˆ© l‚n ƒ
, 98 V
,5¼
323
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
<R9)3 S{ 4|
$l 3 ! (1832) m ZAa‹Œ
#}
~iŽ% #~€iŽ% 9
3
! " #$%& ' E. (
10 ! (1827)ῌ
z ‚‘,-_
ƒ
)* #()*+% ,- ./
„r’ “„”jPr…7†Y
0123
3 2c F‡ˆ‰• 5 ! (1808) !456 "#$%
9 #Š‹–—% 1*<3 z
,-&'7(
8)- "*)-& Œƒ] S˜[7Ž
+,92-:.
3 $/
zA™
’’2
0-;<3 =1>?2@ 34
1jŽ p‘’“fE”._
5678
š›•–'œ—/‚!E
10 ! (1827) #ABC%
9 =1:3@ ;D< 789
”˜R
3 Y7_™)žwŸj
=>E #ABCFG% HI 4 !
Žd< zY71š› (1851) .?3 J@ KLMNA
7 ž-
‚,-_
OBCPQDR
SKT
\1œ1[ O„-Rž
U
7zQŸ¡R3 ¡ E
BEF./NAV)WX
3 Y77 $-@
$G
CP01$ ¢
H-I.RWZ[\1 J7
ƒLkV)n¥R
¦¢,-)>01
DR
"#&'KL
E£<R N§"#&'
,-MNEROP7QRY
o7. Qi”¤¥
)>3
QQ¦¨R
QR<3 _P
SA]^,-_W` SAab
m £¤
,-`©§ $-MN ªe
cY<3 6TUde$V$Wf
¨«56©¬ª--;«R
XR
2_ ghOPYZ
<R3
Aa "QZAa& bi[3 SAa jP
kKl
m7&7Y
=Aa[@ \
n
]^opqrst
u Y)
6. ῌ ῏ ῎ ῍
­J ®o
¯7¬Y #ttL
uM*v_w`0R
#ab% ' #9
‚$% ­®°E zY]E
^% QcY7Y3 $ZAa`
W`¯°`
š±Y
±3 #t
&R Y7d
<R3
tL‚$% ²²Vƒ)k! ³3³
$ \n
ef gh$Cij
‚´!´´[M± Astrono-
k$l 9 ! (1838)ῌx
y! (1854) mie (1764, 1771, 1792) < 5µ
zN{ 200 m| #}~n% "o€& 7 Traité d’astronomie 1°¶µY
RY
3 z pqCi‚
, ¶ š 7 < · ¯ · Y ƒ $A„ "A…†& A~„ "‡r†&
7), 10)3 :ˆ ž-¸¹º¸< #ž
st„uˆvw27Y
Y
-"% (1973)11) ' sUƒ¹º»ž
ACi‚
ƒ0R
SAaig qC
(1997) J@ƒ)k!˜»
3 ²²¼
ix>y01‰Šz
n
"`
ttL‚]
11
324
$’¼
2005 ! 5 ’
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍ (1)
J. Fr. Michaud R0{S 18 T
O |F}9
0m7=1(:~ Traité d’Astronomie Traité d’astronomie N:U"m7=1(:6€=X0:9 ;
VI !"
)*m7=Z4<=‚>"?ƒ
# (Prevost M., et al., Dic-
1$(:$% Z!4„@U=A}U…†
tionnaire de Biographie Française, 1930 $%&
4@ ': 3- Astronomie 6
'( 2002 )*'+ ,N- '$./0
7‡B1(::L= CVfet
3
D4ˆj!DE+(: }9‰F0
1764 4 1 5 6 Traité complet d’astronomie
ŠG Prevost !m7= !HfetD
théorique et practique 6768
IS=Jd%0:KL‹'fetDN%6
9 :( ;0%<=>$
GHD{H 2 T=X:Œ0M
(:6?@AB79
d:1$6NO:9
Biographie Universelle, Vol. 22, 1968 1 ) 60 2 (1997)
13)
12)
3CDCE=FGHD
;67=jsx4ŽL:L q
34I(1J
# 3PM‘’`
t
K4L: M9 G
“”•E (Thomas L. Hankins)
HD= 1N O=P"Q
=-QR–X…:6;B ,;S1T—
R S 2 18 T O
U0: A&GHD!4˜6™
U:V
?=:$% šV67WCm7=
(1827) 3
U6@6WX09 ;
7- 67F
4X(:9 3- f
! GHDY": 1822 =Z[
O4
U
etDR=j )QYL;
''\0:4 ]#^_`ab
G#9
(M. Mathieu) S=:+(:9 R
3=P"$c (33 ) = ,Traité d’As-
!›œ Z[\q
›œ]^_ž ,Ÿ tronomie, edition de 1764- 60 Astronomie
¡¢zF- £`¤ No. 14023112 ¥_/
%&+defgh=1(='
X0:9
555 ,1764, 1771, 1792 ij
0: Traité d’Astronomie- 61(9 G
HD34kF(l1$(:;
6mF)%0 *V4 U:*+
,1Q4GHDno@:6?@%
019 33 ,“Astronomie” 67pq- '
:r- 67s.-$0:+B79 R0
555 Traité d’Astronomie !fet
Dm7=/%efgh=1(: A&
Q1$(::L= uR%Fv01w
_`ab23sx46::LB7
(6S 0F Astronomie 61(
y5;6 ;6748zd9 R
98 2
5¤
῏῎ῑ῍ῌῐ
1) Nakayama S., 1969, A History of Japanese Astronomy,
p. 123, Harvard Univ. Press
2) ab ¦ 2002, § c¨©¨ªd =P"
e«f›œ 71ῌ119 c¬ cg›œ5
3) ,­hi 1978, 1981, j!g O›œ I, V,
k‘®
4) ¯°b¢ l±mn 2000, j!o*j
(1804ῌ1805) ²p³
5) Nakamura T., 2002, Journal of Astronomical History
and Heritage, Vol. 5, 9ῌ20
6) e´¯bµ H. C., ­!¶in 1983, ·¸
qrO 13 s ²p-t
7) uZ ¹ 1977, kº»v›œ 162ῌ171 ¼w
®
325
(1) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍
8) Zuidervaart H. J., 1999, Van “Konstgenoten” en Hemelse Fenomenen, Table 8, Erasumus Publ.
9) 1987, 13 10) 1998, No. 6, 93ῌ98 !"
#
11) Hankins T. L., 1973, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, ed. by Gillispie C. C., Vol. 7, 579ῌ582
12) Michaud J. Fr., 1968, Biographie Universelle, Akademische Druck u. Verlagsanstalt (Graz, Austria)
13) Prevost M., et al., 1997, Dictionnaire de Biographie
Française, Vol. 60, 386ῌ387, Paris-VI
14) $%&'() *+,-. /012 %34
567%891:;<=>?2:@A BC*+
DE. FG 3) 567.9:HIJKLM
:NO=>)PQRSKTU)V.WSCX YZY
[\]^_Z 1 4`a 567b:cdYCU
efKgh?5ij%^%4k?SX
326
Optical Studies Conducted by Shogunal
Astronomers of Edo-Period
Tsuko NAKAMURA
Division of Opto-IR Astronomy, NAOJ, Mitaka,
Tokyo 181ῌ8588, Japan
Abstract : Although basic duty for astronomical
o$cers of the Tokugawa Shogunal government
had been to compile yearly and sometimes
improve luni-solar calendars, they were obliged
from necessity, toward the 19th century, to learn
the astronomical navigation and optical
instruments as well. This paper discusses why
and how they coped with the fundamental optics.
We also shed light on that Cornelis Douwes
(1712ῌ1773), the principal of the Amsterdam
Naval Academy, made an important contribution
to the Japanese astronomy of the Edo-period,
through both the booklet on the octant written
by him and his Dutch-translation enterprise of
the four-volume books “Astronomie” authored
by the famed French astronomer J. J. F. Lalande.
lm
2005 n 5 l
3 980῍8578 e-mail: [email protected]
13. 2004 1 1 …=D./A2?\ Y
†I‡-K\$8
2004 !
"#$ HSTῌACS
%&'( 10 )*+,-
./.0 12'3
81 4 59 46
';<…
‰‹*t„$ s
27
@?%&' 2004 2 )/A+,$
'MNO"‘
12*BC0 D<EFG>
D
scope7
VIMOS 5MNOPQOR7 *S$
Sa*’g$
D<EFG>
1
"#$ lm 12'no2?\cpa q
2 ./?\ tA\ 2004 +,-
q#0 #$˜$"'
™
9š•K.,a
%&
q# ‹œ†'XžK
Ÿ%9&aš˜9.
14. 2004 1 DHIJI9 a‰ŠDTU*
¡. K ' w d j / ?  ¢ £
_u-
vt'0 DHIJI
%&'wxgK
%&*j¦§o¨K\c„0 P
(SDF)῎2
??A0 HSTῌACS
s_9Z¨K\c\
\
"#$ ACS
2004 %& 5TG€
./. COSMOS D<EFG>"©$DH
2 89‚ƒ"„?
N' 3.3 463.3 4.
/?\ Y*gA2%&WV"'3
#$¤a"#
$῎1 ,0 ¥\*jXZ$‰ŠD“Š€^
\yz*{?|}~|>*?-K\
127 "'0 "#$ DH
ja›`\\ _i"j?\s_*
0 bc/d/?\,,e9fg
r s
%&
?- XZ$
h"#$ _i"j?\%&9kgK\$
–—’gK$ 
_i"j?\s_*?-j
IJI
\Sa?\
%&qrX2Z0 ”•K
“Š€^
WV9X$ Y' HST, XZ$0 VLT
cpa/m 12
"#$
DHIJI
\]*?$ ^HID<EFG>_./`
Œo
Œo"’A0 “Š€^
OTU' 4 )/A+,$ 2 V" 600
[
‰‹'‚ƒ
‘,c/A"#$ j.
'0 ,c!j"A?\
%& 1 )/A+,$ 1.K0
VLT 5L<=; Very Large Tele-
,"
ˆ
‰ŠE‹€JTU
Ž?\ 20
9 47 89:-;<=>?%&"#$
HIJI
W"
IJI
%&'›$ªaSa*«v 2 ¬8‰ŠDTU'DHIJI
῎1 Aijki et al., 2002, ApJ 576, L25; 2003, AJ 126, 2091; 2004, PASJ 56, 597; Taniguchi et al., 2003a, ApJ 585, L97;
2005, PASJ 57, 165; Kodaira et al., 2003, PASJ 55, L17; ­®¯_.K' Taniguchi et al., 2003b, JKAS 36, 123,
Erratum, 283; '° ±²_.K'³´µ0 ¶0 2003, ) 96, 34; ³´µ 2004, ) 97, 621, ³´µ
2004, ;H·Š 19, No. 11, 52
῎2 SDF D<EFG> ¸¹>º|*t\K' Kashikawa N., et al., 2004, PASJ 56, 1011.
» 98 »5¼
327
b 2
b 1
h7ihµ¶ˆyOy-3
ª·< d`eA*)fZ A
gD?
2 4"]N¸wª·< d`
eA*)ª·fZ C gD?
d[9?œ žK¤-`N
d A * 0 g D ? Ajiki Cosmos Special. -3 ACS. T¹>
š-?>0
*)K-3. 2 4"GU$7
HST W7XYZ[xA 12 Y‚ƒ4
_. „… 48 _;&| † 1 _
!"# $% &'!"# (
‡ˆ‰n 10 ˆ< QŠ‹Œ‰n
) *)+,-. /0123 2 4
1 ˆ OŽB. (101)ƒ48528 ˆ8.8 ‰n
"567$89:;&<)=>?
2 4"‘’“‡ˆ‰nA 10ƒ4
@ *)ABCDEF
40 ˆ 8.8 ‰n3. >01w 40 ˆ‡ˆ
$%AGHIJ*.
KL3MNA? --. O?3A. P?>0
QRS-3T)=?
UA VU$7W7XYZ[\ .
QR)*”
< `?•D;&
--. ‘–*1B1NN2`?
? *6:A 1 _E—?. Ao-N“‡ˆ‰n˜™A?Eš0
]^N 1 _A 2 4";&-`?
@ *(›L3w)`œ
?2` ab 1 c< d`eA*
D1, Ÿ # ¡A¢”£w CCD pq
fZ A gD?#
x. 9 Y‚ƒ4 _36 Y‚
ž
h7ihA 10 j CCD klm
567$89:z<K¤
`NE. CCD nAo-Epq
-` b 2: d`eA*)fZ C gD
rst 15 stpq *u
?# b 1 ¥m3TˆB>0. *e
vw<`xAh7iho-yO
ABYZ923? --. a)
y-3z{Z[-3?w*|
Ni¦§¨Y‚Z7Z[9 90 "©L
Q8}Z[ (dithering) ?0~€E
ª. «~8Nῌ3
ῌ3 ¬OAa)­/«~8A? §¨Y‚Z7Z[9A PA0® 90® ¯O-°±? ]² 9
Y‚0e. PA0® NŽx3ªB. a PA90® -3³Bª I 9 Y‚A PA
90® NªB. a PA0® ª *>0-3?=. ¬OA PA M_N´L|A?
328
Gº»
2005 ¼ 5 »
天球儀
A C !"#$%
&'(!
)*
15. 2004 ῑ 1 ῎
ῌ῍῏
+ " 1 , 17 ( 22 - . " 6 % /01234567
)89 :;
2<=1>=+% +?=@
"
ABC
D
("E F GHIJ9 F GPD, KLJ9 MN
F9 OP8DCQR S
TUK("V GWXYJ S
Z ( [\]Y )9 OP8 STScI (=
G0^_`YJ CQRB
)*
/012345672<=1>=
+
"abE
cbd cCe
r 3
´µ]](o3
§8’9(¶
·¸¹‰$º
P8QRP8! ("-f
2<=1
>=23% cQR89 $-P O
gCh -."iMj%)* k(P
TU+| 6 &T6›_œ™
lCm-
8*
!
n"
DMNF" 1 , 15 o3
* p
q"fO Gr 3J 1 stu)8o
3
*"9 v w!C)*
(%
xy"9 z{
"STU+|}~
P8* €9 B‚
z
{ƒ„9 1 ,"-%
"z{…
%9 /0z{
"S
P* y-Pž
"Ÿ)* PP9 a ¡*+c(I,%¢
w!Cf!8* tC*
16. 2004 ῑ 1 ῎
ῌ῍ῐ
OP8;£* 2004 - 1 , 17 /
01234567 B–$‹Œ.¤
9 /01?=" 2 /
0!*
P8* _†‡^ˆ‰Š#$‹Œ (Spitzer
W¥^71o31% W¥^71
y8
Space Telescope) ?` X Ž%& (Chan-
"¦2B" -f
B–$‹
dra X-ray Observatory) /01]
ŒW¥^7
§ o31"STU+
+'‘’
|
¨ <07+0%3©B
)8* („“t"
O!”! 2 , 3 ,% O'‘•
B–
W¥^71"E9 MNF o31"/
* O—C)*(
0ª«45%SZ9 =9 V9
%
DF OP8abE
—
l
˜™
"[1WU7%
z{ƒ„9 …-%O
: 98 »
:5¼
%)šC
9 bd cC
¬­
*)8!* ("®¯2<
=1>=+°6±²³% i«7
329
!" #$ %&
4‚a‡Kˆ6#/
‰(Š)L‹(/( MN2OD
WP( G4(=#3MN
%'()*+
,- ./(
Oa$ 4;QŒWqD]I; 
"01
.RNŽ$ #1 3X-S_U2
%&
%'2$ 1,400 m 34
25 52633 7
789:-#
]Ia;
W-E=3$ 5T‘2U’+/
aD
!B@52(
2 ;<=# 4>$ ?@
$ 5V3A?R+“I(;0
AB@2C9D E
.”(”($ 4WX•1 {+/
$ FGH;#I; JB
–—n2;;@nD+Y(3
KLMKN
!OPQRS;T#
URVLVMW"#$ X
q3ZR˜( [$ ™$ š\
0T/(YK$4%ZI; ;9$ F
^W›œi'a .X$ D/4
;[35+&3\'()5 WX1 q-]52^žD+a
3SC*+$ D .Ÿ 1 20¡¢;4/(D
];(9:- W^#_`R+,$;
JR ,6T$ g_`3;ž3 .~£
a$ SC3-.b/+52c- F
a1 +a3 g_`3;ž$ g
W$ SC3def20a+/353+
_(bŠ 4,200 m ¤¥20(-3W%
ga
#$ RNŽ3c+qD
D:+GHF+ PI (6$ ?@L
X-†6
J!hi'312j33kZ5
qW$ p˜B@53¦d
P_K/3eflmW45 6C
( B@3>xWef;O§&V
9!$ F7=3@n25869o0D
+ 2 g$ + Fh/2]i
; 17 18 p & 3 2 : ( q3”#¨$ FgB@5
!
P_K;[B@9o0 q$ 19
+a
#/3r 4 :50 19 3
h/W©2j0 F;[W©2j
;+=/(+$ st2<( F+q-0T(
0 D3ªk«¬+#/Dq$ B@5
(9u3D9
2 q3a$ F(=W37
DDv
w= B@5+a>x$
?yAzC{q3@n2| ^W}
3(2@~0AB( C
l(
17. 2004 ῐ 1 ῎
ῌ῍῏
}D/$ E52D0+€
17 (X(X5+­4I; q
4I(#/9 -.W ?@m®4nW­4I; ¯$ 5
eF2@~0+GH(
o °±`P_K WP_K
#$ #,-F+‚a
_K²3p³$ ´ °%©$ U_µ ™
%&
%'2Iƒ D4S„3EI
q(±V¶r3g³$ qF;[?
F(=WD3Iƒ2…J†- 4;
°[jF·¸¹Rºƒ»
330
RN¼s
2005
5¼
天球儀
18. 2004 ῏ 1 ῎
ῌ῍ῐ
Q?R?STU<=V% 1 :W%X!
30Y &%Z[ 10 I\ !%( ]^_`?Sabc N
0(
!Id'(
efgh3
$ i)*jk( OK h6
3$ 1
zm5 no<p<q+rsU<]
p<tb3
4
¨© Q?R?SªTU_`=S;A
x< « Herve Aussel •¬b
­( * ® % ESA  ^ S p n > b ¯ °
i
( Bahram Mobasher ±CD²³´
­¯°i
( Eµ( Dave Sanders •¬
b­
$%^R<¶·%
1 ¡f¸¹·Fº' % SDSS Kl
Id%'0duk Z[ 9 I
-v"5
\w'$
% z῍ xAVs<ay
,
z῍ xAV
%z{- !!.|}/~0
)1xn€‚AVX ( 1 ƒ23Id%)$ - .|
~!%Id4H3( 5„ 1 ƒ
!"#$
( '
%&'
"2
3Id…e67
"&( T†<9?‡onIs<a
ˆ( ‰8
4
'
e 2 323Še
9:‹$
Œ
(
80( 2 ;<!80
)%*
sUŽ<^A€Sa<A]%
+( $" ,-./ '-0
‘„7 ’=“v”%( "
&•<TS–>bS?—<_A€]3
1%*223%4$% !050 5( ,36%
7."-38/ 0( 1 9:
;<=
?@A?'
!%>
( OK 50B'
( ?h
•<t>™ ,š_( '›"a<A A %Id'(
80œ$
a<A C N/
,'ῌ 4žN/
( C'
%D*E
F( %EFGH5'
I( 3
JKLMN !
˜%&'
(
a<A C _<ŸA?T b=%!@¡
%DA'
!-5 "O
#P ( $%'
.+%( a<A A <œX'
!•<
t¢0(
,3£¤0¥ !a<A C 0¥/
¢'
( ¦ŠId%B§'
a<A A Še d
G 98 »
G5¼
331
A 80.U0 g -0()`
"ŽD0 -01 20 .Œ
^ "()D90/‰‘~\
!" #$%&'()
=€’L€1-0D“0()
*+,-./0 "12+345
O pqr|ƒD01 *”
()678
9 :"
;<=>-?.@
0A
"()t.G0 ‡ˆ
\*g01 
B/C DE
" O-0()|‹,-".
.F.G H
U0 2~>~Š$%.U0•23
I" JKL=L=
–4—5˜™1š›|*0ƒ 6œ%
M// NO01/"PPQ
7U0žŸ 8‹,-0 71
R SOT /0
¡9¢.O1 z£0.2῍0.5 "^
.U0
VW U1 NXY.
A
. 1 Z[,\D01]^ U
"()t‡GBK1C:D
0;8U0 ƒpqr<
8
9"
1G_1.U1TO
NOOpqr=J…D0c 1 ` J K a ( b
¤>¥.U0 r῎ XY" 10
c) . NOde01.G
Mfg.@
*+,-O
0K^hQ
_ij.
U klmn
20. 2004 ῏ 1 ῎
ῌ῍ῐ
18 r῎ XY.1
15 + ^1 1 ?. 2
@|D01.G o? r῎ X
Y¦§0qrA 7.5 qr qr
:1¨ƒ ©‡D0
ª?.«¬D0O­B^".
U0
O
opqr1.s1U
M1 p1 2 p‡CQ
r῎ XY01tuvE1w0
M§ῌ 1 p^1 =Y}{- 1 ^
. X,xyz{Y^8 1 Zp
" ®D¯0 E+K<
qr|.G0 =Y}{-<~€|
pqr‡;8cQ
w"D (),-|w"D‚0 ^"
1FGD 6.H-2~>~d
1 Zpqr|.G0^8ƒC
°U0
#„pqr|/…010
1O1. RB0†ƒpq
.‡ˆ\’*±I^R
²³^ J´ 1<q
r| ‡ˆ\* !.U
rp|
A ./01
0 C .ƒpqr|K L®p
!2~>~"#
‡ˆ\*$% .G0^8‰
U0&'()|*D1Š$%0 ‹,-+,Œ ^" KKpqr|
332
qr|µE ¬¶<qrpqr| 1.5
1 ·¸¹MUº | 8 1
O/»¨
M Xz€Q
(N¼O
2005 P 5 ¼
天球儀
OPu7!:$Q<!vgw5
"
Ex 2 53
Ayzr!" 5 2
P5 { 5EM
|}~7!
" < !€3
K/." E7!" ‚ƒ*+^n2"#
"
21. 2004 ῐ 1 ῏
ῌ῍῎
)*+ 19 " 55„C ,<#…†#_
5
AN3
" OPK²N!C ¢C8³
K° ´µ*!" ¶L&$'(`
1&n·¸$ ¹L#$%`a$º? ¶
¤, ¹¤ D5"
‡E7!" &$'(!8/$%
ˆ7+ ‰Š5 2 &<e'01$2`
1$‹*+! <]<}!vg(
E7!" Œ)KR 3
Ž*7
!Ee"
„C 5 O 30 " #OP" ,K.!‘
5’“<”E#…†#_K+" ‹'&$
<Go0$(`T(5†$2K*+•,
g"
•,g –5*K-}—*!
$g –*˜E" ™r./fh
5 !" #$
% &$'( )*+," -./ 01$
23
45 4 6
7!" 8/9 :$;<
5
=>?@+!" A-./B67
!"
‘
šFK 4 “5H$`1$‹*/e/r"
m›œF" )<#F50€7
+ ž/1
" )*+,!8Ÿ 7+A2}
" )5ž/1v¡3<‡E
ACDE7! FG
"
2HI20$5JKLM!NA OP
*‘e ¡353
5¢£K45‘" 5:$Q<R
" USNO SFI0TUV
}¤K6N )<¥H ]‘9
W XYZ[TQH\] 2MASS S2 ^_H
K¦E5§¨7" 8*!!t—
`a$?`GT`$%W 5:$QKb7
5§U—*" )g/O<©" -
+ FG2HI20$K]c d
8*9—" )5§¨ª*+8
[Kb/" *!7+ )e5[5
‘:x" •,gª‘"
fghi7+!e XJKLM
‹FK«¬" ­;" ^n2:x!®
/" jG1G5c< VLA SFI0T
ˆ" ©5<=</" wA^n2<
kll5 Very Large ArrayW ­;
" 5¯Ks*!N^n2>
5mno
5 p5Jq/X
‘ ,<BA?A/x@A‘" °
br" )5 s/5 t*+A
¬DE" )5­;5±B"
E 98 »
E5¼
333
22. QVPX
Q/SFy !/Et/+,!-
20 .)R‡X
0 iˆ%>‰ƒŠ 2.2 m
KL ;<=3‹/! t/!
!
!"#$%
CFHT UKIRT % 0,Œ1
&'()*+,-$., /
% 23sŽ)4- 0 LAN &'( 2,400 12'3
5€%
456'7!8'9:$% 456'
7;<=3!
Qi % j 6 ) 7  CFHT UKIRT -8‘J 9 T
>?@>A
BC)" DE!
: JCMT J JCMT /,,’“
;<=3FG% HI
#/% ;$J-J””X
J KLMN?'(OP
O
Q456'7)RS!TE, U/
VPWX
QEgX
<=% ƒ\„'[ €S•
UYZ[\)#-!/
– "# >%9?/% F:!—
QTP]X
˜™0 i%j@ 7 0š›œA žŸ / ;<=3!^/%
¡BC!+!% 7 0b
_F%`a%
//%
QFS0b 456'7)cd%,
e!fSgX
/ DEJPz% QEgX F!Gj%OH $)F~%/,J%
Q#/%X
/ % ;<=3
QI%X
h!% i%j 2,400
;<=3!IE%†!z¢ / $
12'3456'7)klRm!
£ J
% nopq)rm% 3 s,l
† iJ† o¤KF:$%¥-¦
R!% tV 4,200 m Pu
J- LM,;ƒ§[\!™ )vw% e! l
\¨ !S™/$%,P©
Rk!
!, xc
"#Fyz%
$ 30 $E,{|)
Q
QVj,ªWX
QF]X
}%
#%gX
QOK. ~ e€JX
23. 2004 1 PǠ 19 B
30 $%RS!% &
„[¬ƒ­'®)¯% °\3±'
P&‚ƒ\„'[!'(%
ƒ[² 0.4 N,OP% \7¨'³´µ³
¶A8 $·Q 0.2 N¸
QJmJ fS,$X
MN?'()*…†
334
Q$¹RE%, [º';[7¨[
²!jF»X
+¼3
2005 5 ¼
天球儀
89 2
2:;0<=>(?)@A
B( CDE
FGHI0J,K
KL0MNO P)QR"#5
STUVW
0X>(?)YZ5B
( ?K
KL[\
)+3a
]^_E`
bcde+3f
g hij Caltech kl/
(Richard Ellis) )^lmn
c
Eop (Jean-
Paul Kneib) :qrs>(?)+3(
!5' 0.6 tu5 iῌ .
/v^4w,5 xIy2z5B
(
17 21 {5 5 |}~{w,
€ 6‚ 6 |ƒ 22 „…†‡{w3
ˆ‰Š‹+3Œ,5ŽFm
 6
>­(®¯°¤6±B(f}~²³
´› µ0O¶(?)®{2
E‘+,
{’“ 5 |5B+, PI ”LE
'•–{2vnŒ,
2
2 —,˜™š›{œ? 
Y"#žŸ +3(
œ 123 2 ¡
HST ACS ¢£[\¤6B( V
!"#$%&'()
*+,
/§K¨©w(?)( ?wœ
¤6
20 '-+, zῌ ./0 123 21
iῌ ./04+, ACS 5 I814 04(5
67&
· 98 ¸
! 4 | 1 2 ¡¤65'¥¦w
·5¹
-ªw
€e«¬‚
!5 iῌ ./04(
335
῍῏ῑῌῐ῎ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ
(16)
http://www2.ed.oita-u.ac.jp/astro/
1. !
"# $%!&'( )(&# *+,
-.
+/'!0'123 456/
7*$ 6869# '%4',':
%;< =,# 5>; 10
km $ ?123 @+8$,AB;CD
4 !E# $,F4G+!GE# H
IJKL# MNLOPGQ1
23 RS # TU=!V WX T=Y :1:8
# "Z$,#$[\]^_`a+!*b%$
,# cd&eU=# fg# h=MN=O ?#
'(
,cd&eU= Wi cd=Y $ ?
123 1999 )j*# +k$cl,m-.
'no,p=/qO0Q/# Xr=s?
1:83 q 1!t$u!vwJ2xyV
Oz{3$4:/HH|} 5 # -$4:/HH
|} 10 5'~€J2O‚'!%#
ƒ67$„8&+!59yV4-R…%
23 =u%7:=/†?‡:/#
*u%ˆ‰;.<;# =%$,&e(=Š
º» 1
336
^‹# &ep="# h=$,&eh=U4
/'123 :/# =3:/&e:Œ$‚
|'%>?OŽ?$‚'123
cl@pAU 1 = =/q4 1997 )
j*$+1 35 ;B‘:# 1999 );
Xr 8 C)$‘’RD23 “EAUc
l=%”F4*u%G•H–$
6//'123 Xr# AU—IJ2!cl, 14 2O# 2/3 1Ocl@…9P# no,
p˜Kcd™`;š›&e™`;'œ+;$
P;;ž6/'123 '(=O(Ÿ2!7=cl
,Xr ¡¢$—IJ2!cl 2 …9# +£+cl@¤¥™`=/—¦$§!cl
6/'123
2. <
&/# u%š›7u%cd—
6/'!;$N'/HL:1:%3 RN,¨M
/N©23 ,ª«¬;$ HII N©)1¦
pO'3 !­® T ¯¨7°P¨±²³
´Q$µ—¶6/'1:83 :;:# ·¸¹R
)S¥P# &$, X P$u!´Q7Ž?‚
=AB;G8:TL«
'(¼K
2005
5¼
ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ῍ ῍῏ῑῌῐ῎
µ¶ 2
<g2d{ ©i·«
HII !"#$%&'(
) *) OB +,-./-0123
456789:2
62;5!
8 <8= >22
?@2AB !2;CD;
EF"#G/HI& >245
$%2&'J(!2)*+8K
L < ; M N , - O ( . / 4 5 PQI&0K
C;R C24
5 41L<ST2342U/
GVW5X Y6Z9:72 1 82[/
\]^/-0124 _93 X :2U/G;<,
`&a.+b%1]&/c=6Z
d2e>8?S2 9:7d@>
<f7A
4 B*CDES<
d<g2d;FGhi2d2H;
8 IJBKj 3 LMN hkOl2d
Pm2456nn!9:2Yo
pPq/(C>
8 40-cm 2
-rsI&tuvw1Qxy8
RS7o
%z1&T*+U8;R<
g2d{|RV< }W2Xn;
R
~YZb hkOl2d
*Cd29:T[\4
?d2hiT
[\2X€]45R
^BNnLt'‚r$(PhiRS
SLW_`C;8ƒaS<„
>2…†
>5 YX FGhi2d
t'‚r$(bP hkOl2d;W
¸ 98 ¼
¸5¹
8 4 BnLDES<C; *Cd
‡V2cˆdCe
f‰28gh$i28
j;CD
Š)2kdlm;n45
opnL 1 B d~^ *Cdd
Cl2dd2‹g]ŒqT
rd;$i8A <g2dsd=A
rtQ Iub;CD Yvh
Og]2Ž2w@xyl;z2‘L
<W ;5’“8{|}M
n YX ”Iv•1z~ #$I
\–/cF"#— >55F;€‚8
C2456F"C;
ƒd2YvhOg] ˜z~„™ ^/š
Ž›œŽ C<€;2… xy
lžkŸ26 r2…7†<C;8
R2 ‡d2hOg]C
;5!ˆXŽ›8 €‚\‰
Š Y‹Œs<Ž›
3. ῒΐῌ῍῏ῐῑ῎ 7C2d¡¢58 k£;5C;
N8Ž¤¥5Š hi\d;d32hi
;MNgd¦2V§8‘!< Š’
“”¦€28 •–C; !
"gd¦—8
˜2~¨™ 46 š~
ƒ›2~¨ 40 š
~~P2œ˜ ©ªž« 25{ !"gd¦
—8`S<œ˜Ÿ Š
%
k2 ¡2œ˜} C22¢X˜8s
;5C;
˜gd¦I2Š %
k;
C245onL gd¦£D
5;5O(8BnLˆ( !<!<
d32¤+7;; >2O(2¥¬
C5;­M {Do¦2X§¦\
2®S¨;2 >5¯©R
2
gd¦8R<N ª°«
2¬­±®S¯°S<45 !"²
sr³´/G/%1G/µ'G/2Od8
nn!C;B ;±!< ¶h
inLX ²·2*CdE2<W#X
€³k8¸8;­M
C245?SkXd?S9:7
8 ¹;n*Cd£;º´ 7
5n 4D„»
337
12 19 66 ! 2 10 " #$
% &'()*+,- ./ /012345
6 789
:;;<=>? @2
AB9CD E 54 F G 15
""H
PQ RS
IJ KLMNO
!TU VW"#XY$Z
G[ \%]&^"_`
.~^€… “G 5 –
yEF!TUB"6‘ \G
: E 39 "a'9(
r5H’ “'P”w•– —˜
@ ).bc;*+"; ™Iš";J›‡Žˆ KœLMž
d,":ef$-g.9/h0",
ŸL ¡”¡¢•£¤• NO”•
;ij";6k l@ 150 1
¥M£¡¦•§• ¢OL•¨m4~
XY$Z23m40F"Gn
%"BŽ3: ©;
E 59 "g. 4 opqr5sKLM
$ 45 cm CCD F!TU"}›‡ f
NOPQ: 678r5tuvwQx9
ªP«¬9­5".Q‡$jˆ R®}
:;j \%]yz{|9;
.CD\:STœ‡Ž¯°BŽ
I[<"}j :G 5 "
Š9±Žz UXY
.~€9 G 6 ":‚ƒ=„9…†
V9W‡ ²³.C&^"_`
‡$ˆ
[<:X´"z;Bjˆ
!TU>?7@ˆ‰zŠ: ODA ‹AŒB"}Ž.CD\
µ—¶YZ9$·jˆ
“\[–
\¸¹
gº"»‡ ¼}j
7 A]8 @2 “E 62 –
338
_
2005 5 ῌ ῍
DESY Theory Workshop on Particle CosmologyῌDark Matter, Dark
Energy, Early Universe, High-Energy Cosmic Rays
ῌ
P}~ƒ;. LKŒE6J
‡9P4<
%
" GF “Cosmic
ῌ2004 9 26 ῍10 2 star formation history and supernova relic neutir
9 28 10 1 nos” ;(OŽPG7?42(
" “DESY Theory
DE >{|gP}~HA' 345
Workshop on Particle CosmologyῌDark Matter,
‘I {|gP}~HA' 345‘I
Dark Energy, Early Universe, High-Energy Cosmic
'*A'5‘Im#JJK4’!;
Rays” #
*O;(O%#" O(B
“”•g–)%
$%$ &
'(
@LM.@A—NO GGF4O$“
) *%+,-.#(/0
"
Qg!
;˜(#" %P™
;š
123456
789:/0%
XRYZ7?,$)GFDE;
; (<=>?@'AB
#"C
mQ
!
" 9 DEFG )H$I4%B
(
*'-&;%$›
(J
R4SJ;)!
" >A œz
K4(
LM 1 LC N
F#ž„!+B
-%ŸF!
;(OPQR9S
, ¡G<T4’<¢ ;(OU
(JO6 T
@ introductory lecture U V 3 V£g4W@]
XY%Z¤
plenaryWparallel XRYZ)2[J;(
"
O !\4"JOB
(
@]
cdDEF([) Deutsches Elek-
3F
" #$A>%$ 1^&
tronen-Synchrotron (DESY) ; ( O \ ¥ ¦ ]
_89)'C ;B
+B
q bTS;(OA '(
A>`ab
J(;>
" cd)e[
fgh>
^§/4_¨N!©`[B
A dark matter . dark energy ;(B
i
" 'ab% DESY Ucª8P«8+B
j;$kl4*
©B;%B!;(Ow
"
(JPQR9m
(
.no+%,$ pq -/r 1;.s
b d¬abe+B
A'((#
t/uC 4vw
"
) 14 b 55 ­g•®C" b; ¯°RP%¦]
2B
(JDE 012xy34
U
" ;b O(O;<,'
567z89:;J{|gP}~m
Vb#) f
# J % c d L < = > 3 4 5  € ;˜(#" > GDE4O$“
{|gP}~>:‚@(
Qg!
;(O) i%hi!
M+
7?42>B
g(DEF>B
!
" PQR9 j(@Aƒ;)„
;˜B
…
O>²0>3Fe³j4$+(
†q
(J;%b ijBC4Dq
!
(#" vz7?
‡ˆ‰
XRYZ *Š;=‹)>{|g
w 98 »
w5¼
(#" i±>
) cd
kTŒFlm´µ;*m¶#n&
o$·pqr¸#"
¹stºu 1v8C
339
ῌ ῍
FITS 2005 1 9 10 !" FITS #$
%&'()
(*+
,-./01 2$
345%6%&+789:
;<
!=1>*"
%*?&@A &BC
!
A
(DE1$%F GH&
FITS 7j»X¼‹Œ
!+IJI<KL
*MN$ OP
OEQ!RS*T
1%F K"#U45VW
! 2
X
(1)
Y1J$OZ1X!%OA&'
*‹Œ GE
:<3*;'
< GH78™
([U45)\]FG^_*
2#1X*" `<! paofits
‡<F27j˜
11X*45‘*
(2)
‘127j\(>*<='
<
WGῌ $ abcb1
(*‹Œ >š?@<s
defg
(*&abA *h
A‘FGEP
A1X*›BC\
1
!ab+i 345%7
*
1
j,kl(*mno\1>*"
(3)
pq$ ,
#7jGE
2 -r.1ks
!" / 1 -,
1$
7j'4œ3;D\(žE‘ŸX
9F(W< *;G _*
Š\7jGE¡¢£# '4œ
1 tuS*7j ,vfw(x
¤’Y#S¡¢3
yz0uS*7j 3<{|}'
ƒ:3 ¦H¡¢I!" 7j*;A2
* FITS 7j1~2\(,
> 3
45%§¨J\( KF
€
!" / 2 -7jG
QV*2#1X!" L 245%
E1$ „45z0 …gn"# Ia †
MJ1=(©<( =l#NO<>$P
6‡44*xyz0 ˆ‰457Š\
#=ªQ1X*#4( #(5RKF«_
7j\( ‹Œ3
!¬­1>l!"
,%‚ƒ:3ks
Q<GEks
€
1 Žc
!"
dc¥/#‚
%' 2$ (5Y1=%(2#T 245%7j$
,‘*2#4l38.
$%F 3’“F
Y
€
*=1
”S3•
Po\#<®¯° S
Oab
±²cb³4l
!" T#=UF^´‘*–/1>*"
*=1>*" 3!S pqGE$
– 3 9—(#<ks
!"
Vµ¶W ·¸OW&¹º
ῌ http://paofits.dc.nao.ac.jp/
1
340
Y
2005 5 ῏ῐῌ῍῎
]{ZAOi|] 20 7 }]~˜ RA]{S µ¶€
W\H ·F¸WO\H_ 7AO8©
‚W¹º
e-mail _ [email protected] ˆ
iJ Fax _ 0422ῌ31ῌ5487 \_\O
1. !"#$%& 2. (1) '
$
'() (2) * 3. 4. $
+ 5. (1) ,- (2) - 6. ./0 7.
1 8. .$2-3 9. (1) 1
(2) 4 10. .56 11. 7
!8
%&
1. 9:; 1 "
2. <#$%+=()
3. >&$%+=
4. >&$%+=?@AB:CD'()EF
GHIIJ K*<#$%+=L+M6,
(NO-P. Q : R11. 7 S
TU& IV/W<#$%+=?@ AB0=
X$=
:CF1Y(23WGZ[\H
5. 45 17 6 10 ] 1 7
^_[Z`8,6. 9a:
7. (1) ;< (2) bc\_?@d= 1,600 e>
?& (3) ?@@Af"# gB[@AI7 F
hCW& (4) DiD@ACj\Gk
lm 5 E
& (5) nQ?@$:Cop$F
G 1,600 e>?& (6) qHI4.rsW
t6uFGZ`. 2 "v"ABJK
w' LM Lxymz& (7) HI4 2H
{| N}~ (1)(4) d=€|
8. 45 17 6 5 ] 9 7 ]& 9. (1) ‚113ῌ0033 OƒPAƒhQ„ 7ῌ3ῌ1
Oƒ0=0=XR=…?@+
†$%+=‡Sˆ
(2) ‚113ῌ0033 OƒPAƒhQ„ 7ῌ3ῌ1
Oƒ0=0=XR=…?@+
ƒ 98 »
ƒ5¼
†$%+=‡ ‰TUV
Tel: 03ῌ5841ῌ4582
e-mail: [email protected]
10. WXY R<#$%+=()9:;Š‹
ZS IŒW Ž[\O
11. ()d=% W‡ WEB:
http://www.eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/
F]
1. + :C= ^‘’= I, ^‘’= II %
2. +“&( ”m•–m—F]
3. d= Q=_\F`aWG:CF˜™b
cd0=_šbI| ›e(0=:IW
{| _\;œf-d$1žAB
Ÿj: ¡g hi;œFH \G =
jœ?@ jœ@AkHJ&
¢' 0=X£¤@A\G9:¥l
?@¢'JH
4. ¦ :;
5. § 1 "
6. ./0
(1) m¤=¨FnHr\Gop
5?@
œq€šIr©cr
(2) 6sª 65 « 45 18 6 4 ] 1 7
¬‹& r
7. .p
(1) R_\0=:ŠS L. Q=':
t 1&
(2) ;< Q=':t 2&
(3) :C?@œq Q=':t 3&
(4) D=D$@A 5 E>?uj\G­W
vpAO \€wWI4 kx
&
(5) R_\0=`ABqy?
@ªFGS ª"lm®F 5
>?zpWGy¯°± ¯°"²\G
³m´& GZW _\0=_\;œ1
341
῏ῐῌ῍῎
3 !"
8. #$% 17 5 & 10 ' ()* +,-.!"
9. /% 01 18 4 & 1 ( 18 4 & 1 234 567893"
(/#::;6< = >?!1
!@"#$%&ABCD
E13F
GH-.!"
10. #% 5 FG1 'IJIKL 2 M.
N9.!"
11. % 70 O 70 O(1F=P)) 3 &
31 .
12. Q*% #$+RRS,?Q*T-UV
W-XQ
13. .Y% /Z /R[0\]122^Y
.13FG.!" 3_` #$+RRS
45T-UVW-45
6* 78
1.!"
14. /ab!947:
c261῍8586 ;<d=>e?< 2῍11
#$+RRS@AfghB@i
Tel: 043῍298῍4254 Fax: 043῍298῍4138
e-mail: [email protected]
CDE j?_FGkHl I1 mn
JK$1893" 25 _FGLo3F1.
7p MANOLo
qP94 567893"
ῌ#$+Rrstusv (http://www.u-air.ac.jp) wFx3
y 15-.!"
ALMA 1. Q! 1 2. (1) ALMA RST
(2) UzV{Wd
3. ALMA |}v~€ (http://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/
lmsa/index.html) RS
4. ALMA ‚ƒ„…+†‡ˆX‰Š‡ˆX‹YŒ
Z 9‰Š‡ˆX[ \ 787῍950 GHz [
]^Ž}€‘’_A`a
“bcS
U6Q!
”U.!" bdef
P•.!"
5. –Z2—Hg3#
6. +R˜h™h-ij .Fk=l
342
7. (1) mn (2) n .opx
3 (3) NOˆš€ *qNOr
es
1 ›Mt3NOuœev
! 5W
t3NO 3 w=o sC (4) Œg (5)
/xž3Ÿ y—6 2 zd{
: .FR| (6) e-mail ‚‘¡š
8. 2005 5 & 10 ' 9. (1) c181῍8588 UzV{Wd+} 2῍21῍1
¢~O€ £A‚ƒ
(2) c181῍8588 UzV{Wd+} 2῍21῍1
¢~O€ ALMA RST „¤…x
Tel: 0422῍34῍3765
e-mail: [email protected]
10. CDE jALMA RSTQ!x†_FG
kHl I1 K$4mnJ5$-H
G93" ‡¥¢~O€¦§JI+3.!"
17 !"#
U¡@Rˆ¨J:6‰x3Š.1F5
673F1.!" _F‹/ORJ.©Œ”
893"
I. U¡@RªŽ x3
1 . «‘’¬¬ORb!ef 8
­“!
(1) Rl®M2
(2) Rl”32_ 1F
(3) ”32_•
1 ¯°+3
(4) ªl”329–
±–1 ªS—
+H²³1F
2 . @RªŽ¬¬1 až Ž˜ ´µ¶·5
WŽ´ 500 ™¸ 2 a Z
3 . «R|aš¬¬ORJ:6 2 a=o
II. U¡@RªQ x3
1 . «‘’¬¬ORb!ef K›
c2œ†1 °@Rª
S— _²³!V+3¥6
žŸc ¹c
º_+3?¡

2 . Q¬¬B» 1 ¼ 3 ;™¸ 1 a 3 ;™¸
-¢. 10 a-¢
3 . «R|aš¬¬ORJ:6 2 a=o
III. ORJ I, II ¬¬ 17 9 &
O&£
2005 5 &
῏ῐῌ῍῎
6 6 17 6 !"
URL: http://www.toray.co.jp/tsf/index.html
22 #$%&# ' 22 (
17 $ )*+,-.
+/0123"
22 ($
1. 45 6 %+7!")*#89$:;%0
<= 50 >&'+)*.8(1 )3?
@ABC * 200 +D 0,-E"
2. ,F.5 5 FG/
3. /015 H2+IJ 30 3?@#+3
KL4MK5+
4. 67+F.5 1 F
5. 5 17 8 20 8 9
6. :N+;:0
67OP#
+?Q8$)* RS)
*/TUV< RS)*/=>?@ WRA)
*.BC $XY ZDE[PF 6 30
:\+/]^23" _`
$
%&#aGHbc:^23"
dIJ5 #1A $%&#
e150ῌ0036 KfLMNgOPQ 15ῌ15
OPh$iC 601
5 http://www.inoue-zaidan.or.jp
Tel: 03ῌ3477ῌ2738 Fax: 03ῌ3477ῌ2747
Yukawa International Seminar 2005
(YKIS2005)
‘The Next Chapter in Einstein’s Legacy’
jU5 fLR7!S)*
TS 7U%V W#+V<0,k
2l"
TUm5 2005 6 27 n7 1 A
TUX5 fLR7!S)*
/Y5
o+$1lpZ+[\8?qrstur+
98 »
5¼
v]^(_+`1wxyawz22lEv0v]
^(_0b{Ec1lS+d|0}~EpZ _
e.<zE" €_WRS‚ƒ 2005
fg8I12 „…†"L_":hi
+o+[\04p1 ‡8ˆ‰Š‹_}~
wzEŒ‡Žjfgkl‘:\+’‰‰“’
”8(1mn8M_0]l w8fg8IEh•
+\o0pE_c0q"cE"
2K5 120 r
–—@5 10,000 D s 5,000 D
˜:N5 4 30 –—:N™
tuJ5 e606ῌ8502 fLš›fgvwxyQ
fLRRœ)*%
SŽjSzS{y|
}
žŸ
Tel: 075ῌ753ῌ3882 Fax: 075ῌ753ῌ7071
E-mail: [email protected]
URL: http://www2.yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/n
ykis2005/index2.html
€+~5 ¡r8?E¢lx!€c:^2l
" A":£¤‰0ozE0
‚ƒA8B
C823„l¥¦§Owl"
Post-YKIS one-month program
‘Gravity and Cosmology’
jU5 fLR7!S)*
TS 7U%V W#+V<0,k
2l"
TUm5 2005 7 4 n29 A
TUX5 fLR7!S)*
/Y5
…|¨)* ©Post YKIS 2005ª –—.«+
e¬+M_c€z­E®†)*x¯‡wz2l
" °2+–—.
±+–—.c+ˆ²³E
M_0]´_cxwz2l" )*¯«
10ῌ20 µ+ 1 :l1 2 ‰+ ‚¶·”s¸’
¹0T¬_cxŠ2wz2l"
2K5 20 r OP ‹0ºŒOwl"
–—@5 Ž
˜:N5 4 30 –—:N™
tuJ5 e606ῌ8502 fLš›fgvwxyQ
fLRRœ)*%
SŽjSzS{y|
}
žŸ
Tel: 075ῌ753ῌ3882 Fax: 075ῌ753ῌ7071
E-mail: [email protected]
343
῏ῐῌ῍῎
URL: http://www2.yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/
ykis2005/post/index2.html
20 !"#$%
&'(#)%
sAt-_Du 1
o\L"!!"vD1 # :;
<=;>T1$w%xy&'z' qLu"
xyA(DRSzL5 0){
[email protected] |B*+u})D $~Luv
D,L
d0){- ./f
*+,-./
" 2005 6 0
10 1 2#3" 2005 7 0 1 45 9 0 30 31 67" 89:;<=;> http://
www.asj.or.jp/ ?*+@ ABC)
D EF8G!HIJAK
L
*+MNO9
2005 4 0 d0 98 € 4 bf 1‚ƒY
3„DzL 2…L3†,L
‡f ˆZ‰Š;‹ CB100
…f ˆZ‰Š;‹ CB110
2005 4 0 d0 98 € 4 bf 4{ ?ˆZ‰Š;‹5
6Œ7_sA8'@ 9 :Ž 1 (p. 229) ‚ƒY‡zL 2…L3†,L
‡f 1.2 mm …f 1.2 mm
‡f 2.2 mm …f 2.2 mm
01" PQRSA0:;<=;
>T pdf UV1WXYZ;[1\'$]^
A_D `ab45 1 cRS" RS deLRSf AgD 9Oh)ih
jklm1\'$]L n%cbo
D"p1qjklmr' 1
2003 12 0bcRS" mY$' pdf
2005 3 0 d0 98 € 3 bf 200 ;>Šjlƒ
Y3„DzL 2…L3†,L
‡f …f ! 170 ! 280 ./d){-f ˜B™š ›CDE FG…H œ/* IžJŸ KLM N¡šO P/ J QCRS
S¢ 17 4 0 20 T£’ ¤181ῌ8588 U¥V¦W§XY 2ῌ21ῌ1 ¨Z[ ‘<=’ > 8 9
©ªT£
©ª« ¤169ῌ0075 U¥Va¬­®/\¯ 3ῌ8ῌ8
°V9‘ ¨±²©ª‘
³700´d>]667´f T£« ¤181ῌ8588 U¥V¦W§XY 2ῌ21ῌ1 ¨Z[ ‘<=’ > 8 9
Tel: 0422ῌ31ῌ1359 dS^«fµ0422ῌ31ῌ5488 d0f Fax: 0422ῌ31ῌ5487 ¶¡· 00160ῌ1ῌ13595
>89X¸¹º»¼ http://www.asj.or.jp/ 0){ e-mail: [email protected]
ῌ‘<=’>89 2005 d>“”•RS"?@A•A–—f
344
0
2005 5 0