Download User`s Manual for Interactive Sloan \(Arterial Case\)
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WORKING ALFRED P. PAPER SLOAN USER'S SCHOOL MANAGEMENT MAXBAND Interactive for MANUAL OF Case) (Arterial by Matthew D. Steele 1980 December WPi'/1178-80 MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF 50 CAMBRIDGE, MEMORIAL MASSACHUSETTS TECHNOLOGY DRIVE 02139 USER'S for MANUAL Interactive MAXBAND Case) (Arterial by Matthew WP//1178-80 D. Steele December 1980 Abstract MAXBAND to is bandwidths maximize This on Inputs lengths, The permitted. and beginning speeds onto sample and sessions; version flows and s) a using and The of Management, describes graphics terminal two features to cycle phasing each patterns length, the a to gets user for presented solve link signal, how are runs M.I.T. cycle at Traces that acceptable turn greenband terminal printing a left manual program. MAXBAND short solve two artery longer a . of the settings of bandwidths, are splits the uses another developed program link and of using one ( 1 1 -signal This and signal of range and speeds diagrams. computer (5-signals), artery times School splits, signal produced outputs ending traffic version Sloan the acceptable space-time the at geometry, of ranges interactive an computer arterial are finds arteries. on 400 that program describes manual PRIME a computer a MAXBAND for the ability lacks FHWA: to the handle calculation triangular -1- found of networks. green in a splits batch from CHAPTER I Introduction The of people and MAXBAKD to achieve as nixed as integer and based programs on to set easily. signal theory a settings Problems bandwidth. maximal able be to traffic finds that numbers large are developed by [1966;1977]. Little This user's of version The written a Federal namely, the handle The at implemented TYMSHARE ability program, to is on I3M/370 and Land was written in not calculate splits network FORTRAN link previous [1977], Rizzi been prepared [1980]. Kelson in present A by has and from programming [1973]. implemented Little language. computer mathematical a Powell EXPRESS by the on-line flows and for The version; the ability networks. available currently any using features triangular Sloan the in version two simple by level high a solved Administration Highway contains is written program latter located FORTRAN version EXPRESS, interactive convenient particularly a in program in batch describes written integer interactive and manual MAX3AND mixed package to program desirable quickly so affects set are therefore do to computer so formulated the a signals is able be to is arteries on Iz day. every well signals traffic which in manner School of facility which on Management, v/hich currently basis . -z- M.I.T. supports. offers 400 PRIME the The EXPRESS EXPRESS minicomputer could program for , on example, a national be the System include: inputs 1. Arterial 2. Signal 3. Range M. Ranges 5. Left geoT.etry splits of acceptable of cycle acceptable turn lengths speeds phasing patterns in direction permitted include: Outputs 1. Bandwidth 2. Cycle 3. Beginning each length and of times ending and splits greenband each at signal 4. Speeds 5. Space-time It is on-line, batch the PRIME. since Batch To Facilty Anyone who should contact H.I.T., Cambridge, it takes operations obtain would the MA D. several 15 Sloan to C. 02139, to at the 253-3733. -3- should not the be be run under run problems such provided East in on this Campus Management. problem a signals solve contact of Little (617) signals) documentation School solve less or hours documentation, like John to require such at (up problems 10 with problems that larger operations Computing diagrams recommended while manual. links on on Sloan an experimental School of basis Management, 2 CHAPTER Inputs Most users Therefore, a inbound (3) link one has no and speed the to band tolerance, fixed next for advances defined be 10 at (2) has per cent clearance queue the one as tolerance associated and speed design design will problem of generality full the require not standard outbound single from will the limit of the that (1) and a single speed change on design either in program. has speed, direction a and at any signal. A symmetric data inbound A symmetric complete forms problem case, for has few following traces the a pages running all cases same outbound as on and a two in Appendix "4- of case. these A. the the the hence, inputs. inpjt out general first of any filled case appear data; all data. contain the which in one outbound the as limitations no standard for defined be the exactly for asks general The input is only program will problem for forms Chapter problems. 4 gives Blank a The the user computer starts provides as name of units Number of signals time additional tolerance Outbound limit (standard as the a distance design Inbound tolerance Inbound limit on on turn red/green left turn Inbound band advance Desired ratio asymmetric he is input the provides finished. following signals between left be case) applicable) speed Inbound should the case, if applicable: Inbound turn symmetric general or Inbound Left link on indicated has user Inbound in speed on speed design from previous speed change red/green splits band advance (for clearing, queue Outbound It range Outbound data or symmetric signals between design Outbound Otherwise English or asymmetric - distance Outbound the Metric - system Outbound If which names of Outbound Cycle information following the applicable: Artery System Signal Type for asking by of inbound (standard to from outbound previous link greenbands selection pattern pointed speed design speed change splits splits splits that cut or left general) -5- turn case. green times are only used MAX BANT) Standard (1) of Namo (2) Cycle speed: Inbound (5) Target ratio of ^1 .v " Uoyl^Ufw. \VlCvNumber (oO Design (seconds). inbound band 1 1 signals fOO limit Tolerance _(seconds) . kph 3 - """""h- kph . kph Tiptr. outbound to Upper ""ph 3o center of kph 30 center Design speed: ^ limit Lower tine: (3) Outbound (4) \V\ ^ artery: Artery Tolerance \~0 width: (12) Acceptability Patterns Notes by between Is at its phases, linit fill (3) nuaber: item signals in K'qual and (A) smaller (a) and (c) If tolerance no tolerance the to can ; if be is further only specified, (5) "10;: assumed. increased, (a) and inbound, Actual in (b) which . -6- ij assumed ratio case Other as will it will columns a be default. (1 of Left A liait on lar unless ratio target If only outboun be. (12) are 0. Turn 0 acceptable, = c = not) MAXBAXD Symmetric (1) of Name (2) Cycle (3) Speed: artery: tine: lJj"OM0ujGy CarrinVCdQC , Lower Design center assumed. by item A J ^^ limit ^ (4) Notes Artery . Tolerance number: on (3) change If of no Upper limit " ^ "^ JQO (seconds) \"phr (6) (5) limit fV'Vu.Number of signals (seconds). \13pW j" , / tolerance speed between assumed. -7- is specified " 10% signals equal to of the design speed tolerance is is 1 Page MAXBANT) General of (1) Name (2) Cycle (3) Target (A) Maximum artery tine: ratio : (jJ1-^(^0051 Inbound of number of .. , (/JcK AvQi^-lzvl b.C- to outbound (seconds). " ^ " of signals 1Q liraic Upper I width: band OO, iterations Number , Lo ^ Unit Lower AmC A Artery O (seconds) . ' OOO OUTBOIRID DATA (9) Limit (7) (6) speed (5) Signal previous previous (down by distance from signal \-"nQfr-/ item (3) nunber: larger hr.s reached design speed. (9) its Actual limit. Default is /kph\ 'kph /kph\ XapV ratio will (4) Default spetd tolerance = be target 10,000. of (3), (11) band Thru Left turn link green green for + outbound + \jmJ (10) previous (7) In Outbound from speed tolerance (12) speed change Outbound signal /meters\ /meters' = outbound) Notes design from Dame (8) Outbound Outbound on outbound ratio (7) unless Default \of cycle/ smaller is all for band speeds queue clearance outbound /fractionX Aph\ Xa^^) advance /fractionX fraction'* /fractionX of \of cycle/ cycley \ot cvcle/ can be equal. further (8) after increased Default is + " -8- 102 of page General (13) Name Notes: speed of of (JJV'^C^A^"^/\\)e. (JUa5 A' VM "U^ O-C- Artery rtery: (15) Default (16). (18) (conC.) Artery , , is outbound Default is distance. speed (16) Default tolerance of is outbound (17). "9- speed. (17) Default is +_ lOZ of design 2 page General (22) of Kane CU Artery: LEFT (cont) Artery .Sc:'-^/^ bV'T TURM O-C. /IvjC.ij\ia^)\^^^^{x"yy ^ PATTERN CONSTRAINS (2A) (23) Acceptability (1 Patterns Notes: only (b) . (2A) Default outbound has Other columns J condition left are turn is that phases, all fill in 0. -10- = left (a) of Left acc^otable, turn and patterns (c) ; if Turn 0 = are only not) acceptable. inbound, If (a) and 3 CHAPTER the Using Computer 3-1 SECTION MAXBAND Interactive the Sloan School of exists on PRIME a and Management PRIME the into Logging can be 400 located minicomputer reached by at dialing: 617-258-6008 One must connected getting rest of obtain this computer will a login to user's the then computer, "cr" manual, and username means return type (in again, capital hit the carriage hit the carriage calling (for return return). and the The print login Hit After password. and the please will computer print letters) LOGIN username password -11- "cr" a password mask. Then If double get you images, type TERM If get you images, no @ is Now the delete character "cr" -FULL "cr" type TERM Note: -HALF [ and is type A (Consult Professor Next L7LITTLE Little for "cr" password the password.) current type A L.AND. P 0 2 SECTION Now we want to EXPRESS EXPRESS, into get DSS The computer will print message that may warning type so MAXBAND four "cr" 3.2 Entering a delete line the "cr" lines each saying disregarded. be LOAD Finally COMPLETE, then following the appears WELCOME If read the using you TO using are the EXPRESS plotter you a Tektronix (THE MAXBAND a graphics using the to terminal, you TERMINAL v;here xxxx is replaced by the ABOVE ARE terminal, This booklet. plotter are MESSAGES you will For computer. ALL IRRELEVANT) will find tell you it how example, helpful to to identify if you our example, are type TEKxxxx "cr" of number -12- the terminal. In SECTION Out Printing If the of the variables input solve a problem, PRINT takes. The integer linear stage mixed will program If desired, the the problem 3.5 Problem and stages program "cr" tell the are (1) matrix (3) and many generation Chapter output. been previously how user solved, types user output SOLVE and MB. The Output type run has out. SECTION MB. The Inputs "cr" printed are Solving To the types user MB. all 3-4 has two options, OUTPUT table -14- "cr" and plot: and CPU (2) U only seconds each optimization gives the by examples. output is (i) Table This greenband, of end outbound and inbound more details. (ii) Plot A space-time for produced First on hits the the both continues The cycle time print only, an to "File a arrow produce produces terminal created" (") will the plot. examples the greenband and comment the appear; On to computer make a in pauses hard looking better a demonstrated are the choose may no and See the for is then, simply user terminal printing a copy, the after a if desired. plot. examples plot Outputs On chapter. is from produced, Hitting the a to return program. user program, showing artery addition continuous. user the In printed. and start red, advance. band are the will return terminal, the links for terminal of types permit The is graphics of end of end red, direction. carriage graphics on terminal operation A speeds computer graphics a and of start the start diagram each the for times produces matter the inbound either, which both is option and or outbound -15- of neither used, the automatically bandwidths. two options. displays the 3.6 SECTION File To file data the where filename is After hitting for possible FILE filename replaced the by the "cr", Use / Data Data at reuse DATABASE whatever will date, type "cr" name computer later a you for select the file. prompt COMMENT Now If the can you than more end of type line message, is line one a any will desired, result a e.g. the identifying (-) hyphen a in phrase followed by a problem. "cr" at prompt a CONTINUE and the message When the can data be is continued. desired again, once USE filename via a USE change the command, current simply for 3.7 Modify Street Data data, either just entered or brought back type MB. and type "cr" SECTION To simply INPUT "cr" type any item that the user NC "cr" does not -16- want to change. To terminate a as but directly, MB. the DONE's and middle, problem experience having Users the modified The before. in series question data be to be can all sure MB. a be command. data variables with through gone variables left be SOLVE change derived and flags via can should sequence will Everything rerun EXPRESS with INPUT DONE. type ' NC s correctly are set. 3.8 SECTION Restarting If large the maximum the iteration file) has MB. the enter when One it is in warning: another will have iterations program iterations), the is the beginning restart). This iterations always a be is from if user the small cannot program using problem exceeds be the If another will a can will be can do this type and type solved, is if even before run and erased, a user the maximum original number linear avoided to (Note maximum -17- (data run. if the : this maximum the simplex are resolve of of program (iterations the 1000. To at node program problem be solved be a problem original the larger that not beginning. the instruct terminate iterations next enters that be of is user will the previous a the stopped. it of resolved that so node the saying number restart by program message maximum session. so the where must restarted, to a disk) on restart warning: that mathematical this the out point computer is Another (stored (larger) new if asked problem, print exact a problem problem from the specified iterations entire and punched at SOLVE, "yes" limit been restarted the solve to enough of number Problem a the is problem not number a of The following the times times running Running Times 5 symmetric 1 hour 17-signal standard 5 hours the system much be can fairly was dealing with all values. have USE a No "updated" or else The user can know and whether make the EXPRESS the values new a FILE one then values current values UPDATE. EXPRESS, enters user the will the variables be the or will lost variables data new is user be unless uses reset they a to are permanent by typing "cr" types EXIT the that command. UPDATE If is enters user EXPRESS, the via filed users, EXPRESS the leaves one more 3.10 about When matter values original to database. if command, their thing With empty. greater. Leaving important minutes standard SECTION An times running 11-signal when were 3-9 representative are 5-signal These SECTION of An the variables UPDATE can be "cr" will be left typed at any -18- at what time in they an were EXPRESS at the session. last If there are i.e. those UPDATE's, no EXIT typed. A the at variables the of beginning the gets EXPRESS the of out user first of out UPDATE an and then EXIT the is and EXIT, an so it also takes the EXPRESS. ESCAPE want you the press when session, values, "cr" SECTION If original EXPRESS. QUIT user their at command third executes left are to ESCAPE stop a and BREAK in program This key. 3.11 will Keys EXPRESS stop the while program it and is keep running, within you EXPRESS. The be left BREAK at what However, by recover will key their if the throw values user at were hits the EXPRESS last The variables will UPDATE. key by accident, one can typing first at the EXPRESS. BREAK the START as of out you the command after exact place BREAK. the it "cr" was before -19- "cr" The the program BREAK will key be was restored hit. in SECTION the Leaving Once one EXPRESS leaves via 3.12 PRIME EXIT, an QUIT or BREAK key, one simply types LO to log terminal. off the If Then machine. using a plotter, "cr" disconnect be sure too. -20- the to turn telephone off the and hard turn copy off the unit, #1 EXAMPLE USER losJin C" OLOGIM V " L7LITTLE e YOU :l8 * 0 IN NOW CAN 0 " MA/qiAND LOAD CO/iPL.tlTE LOAD COMPI LOAD COMPLETE PRIME at are you operating level 2 AT 1S:58 PRINT FILES 00/12/01 USING EITHER PRINT THE OR THE SPOOL COMMAND 2 Entering ODSS and EXPRESS bringing in MAXBAND ETE exists* losd over existins' entrw isJnored MESSAGES ABOVE ARE (F$ERX ) COMPLETE WELCOME TO MAXDAND (THE TYPE MD.iriPUT TO INPUT TRAFFIC TYPE MB, PRINT TO PRINT OUT TYPE MB. SOLVE TO SOLVE PROBLEM TYPE MB .OUTPUT note: UNDERLINED MATT TTY L.AND"P Alresd^:; - LOGGED code: * M H G o I". (5) PROJECT LOAD i V s means system l3E@aiiS!!?lBlfflaEG!!3IBIifflSBa r R I r-i0 S OCO C " A IS please C" * TYPING MB. solve TO SIMPLY AUTOMATICALLY ALL IRRELEVANT) DATA INPUT PRINT TRAFFIC DATA AND PRINT OUT RESULTS EXECUTES RESULTS OUT MB. "22- OF OUTPUT PREVIOUSLY SOLVED PROBLEM -"Nri. INPUT TRAFFIC ARTFPY 1 -"" SIGNALS OF SIGNAL ENGLISH SYSTEM i: SIG 2: "UINDSOR GIG 3: "CnLUMr:TA SIG 4: "PROSI''ECT SIG 51 "miAN " PORTLAND ASYMMETRIC 2 OUTBOUND SYMMETRIC DISTANCE SIG WINDSOR SIG COLUMBIA SIG prospect: SIG INMAN: "2 FROM SIGNAL PREVIOUS "335 "1.S3 limit on cycle time (SEC) LIMIT ON CYCLE TIME (SEC) YOU WANT OUTBOUND DESIGN SPEED SPEED DO YOU WANT LIMIT SPEED ON DO YOU ( KM/HR DESIGN OF DIFFERENT D E S I G N DEFAULT "T7)0 FOR OUTBOUr!D EACH SIGNAL S P E. E D CHANGE (=^10% WANT SPEED)) OF FROM DIFFERENT LIMITS ( K M / 1 1R PREVIOUS ON PORTLAND: SIG WINDSOR: SIG COLUMBIA: SIG prospect: SIG INMAN BANDWIDTH 1 CHANGE IN GREEN SIG ? "N0 ) " 5 2 VALUES NEW SPEED CHANGE DEFAULT TIME " . OUTBOUND (FRACTION SPEED OF FROM CYCLE) 525 "^ "76375 ".4 " : NO "2 SIGNAL "2 FROMT'REVIOUS LINK "N0 OUTBOUND ; LINK SPEED) ON VALUES EACH FOR T 0 1... E R N C E DESIGN NEW 2 TOLERANCES SIGNAL LTTTIT ? ) "45 TOLERANCE (=- :!.()% 0 U rB 0 U N D 1 "80 SPEEDS DESIGN DIFFERENT DESIGN DEFAULT (METERS) SIGNAL ":l.6R I lower 1 TO "305 I UPPER DO "]_ "5 NAMES SIG 1 2 SYSTEM NUMBER level. EXPRESS !: BPOADI^IAY NAME METRIC at are you means INPUT HAT.', "^ ADVANCE (---^O) 2 NEW -23- PREVIOUS LINK (KM/IIR)"2 FOR EACH -"MB. (STNAMr:) STHAME PRINT ARTERY NAME BROADWAY -24- -"HP"pni...vE MAXIMUM NUMBER HC (TYPE IS TO THIS " IJIFFI I ON I M I Z AT s e c o n n s u s e: d n u r.'i n g USED DURING F I N ITERATIONS) t i ie m a t r^-1 x gene THE OPTIMIZATION "25 "N() RUN? re a t o r I SUED SECONDS CPU (DIFF2) 29,28 DIFE2 THE MA"aMUM D ALGORITHM. A NODE -"MB. NUMDER HAS OF BEEf! ITERATIONS PUNCHED SO HAS THAT YOU REACHED DEEN MAY RESTART IN THE THE DRANCIT I MUM (TYPE written L'U NC THIS TO A M B [: R' USE THE f IONS SETTING DEFAULT OF CPU DIFF2 A PREUIOUS OF RUN? 100000 "YES SECONDS USED DURING THE OPTIMIZATION 63.22 VALUES IN METRIC CYCLE ZOUT OUTBOUND I T F" !o A FINISHED (DIFF2) (ZOUT) 0 F- RESTART OPTIMIZATION OUTPUT AND Node PROGRAM. SOLVE M AX B PREUIOUS 26.71 OPT "B) 100000 OF A OF r; f u SETTING DEFAULT THE RESTART A ( D I r-r- 1) IS ITERATIONS OF USE TIME UNITS (SEC) 80.00 SOLUTION OUTBOUND BANDWIDTH (CYCLES) ,32 -25- ITERATIONS) "NC -DOUN is actually to disk. ONLY F'-LOT 2 3 DOTH F-'Fl'OSPECT COLUMBIA DlflDSOFC .56 .54 1.54 .94 1.56 2.54 (ENB.RED) OF rUD "3 INMAN .04 1.94 1.04 2.94 2.04 CYCLE RED PROSPECT COLUMBIA WINDSOR F-'ORTLAND NEITF1ER CYCLE F^ED SIG 4 INMAN CYCLE .94 .40 1 .92 1 . 54 .44 o 1.48 1.94 1.92 2.54 1.44 3 2.48 2.94 2.92 3.54 2.44 (ST.GB) (END. START GREENBAND OF END GEO OF GREENBAND BANDWIDTH PLUS (5T.ADV) ST.GB (END.AD'v') ST.ADU PORTLAND ST.GB 1.00 .63 ST.ADV 1.00 END.ADU (AVGSP) PROSPECT COLUMBIA WI .68 END.GB ADVANCE GREENBAND PLUS 1.19 1.54 1,72 1.33 1.51 1.86 2.04 1.02 1.19 1.54 1.72 1.33 1 1.86 2.04 AVERAGE SPEED WINDSOR COLUMBIA IN . GREENBAND 5 i PREVIOUS FROM "Kh/HR) SIG FILE comment: 42.40 41,01 AVGSP created: plot 10/11/79 for 3 INMAN 1.02 INMAN PROSPECT 45.49 43.89 19:15:24 CYCLES -26- SIGNAL TO SIGNAL Bands 1 pOOO A are hand drawn A 900 800 i B C 700 600 M E T E R 500 A A n-f B c c A" B B C C S ^00 i 300 200 100 0 + A 0 A 1.' CYCLES (TIME) -27- C INPOUMD SOLUTION INBOUND (BBAP:;) (CYCLES) .32 BBAR output; (ST. BANDWIHTII TABLE 1 RED) START SIG 2 ONLY 3 ONLY BOTH 4 NEITHCIC "3 CYCLE RED OF INMAN PLOT PROSPECT COLUMBIA WINDSOR PORTLAND CYCLE .56 .94 .04 1 .54 0.00 2 1.04 1.94 1.56 1.54 1.00 3 2.04 2.94 2.56 2.54 2.00 (END. RED) END OP (ST.GB) START (END.GB) END (ST.ADU) ST.GB (END.ADV) ST.ADV SIG RED OF OF CYCLE GREENBAND GREENBAND PLUS BANDWIDTH PLUS INMAN PROSPECT COLUMBIA ST.GB .44 .62 END.GB .76 .94 ST.ADV .44 .62 END.ADV .76 .94 (A^^GSP) AVERAGE ADVANCE GREENBAND SPEED IN WINDSOR .96 1.28 .96 1.28 GREENBAND 1.48 1.46 1.79 1.14 1.48 1.46 1.79 FROM (KH/HR) SIG PROSPECT AVG3P FILE comment: COLUMBIA 45.49 created: PLOT 43,89 10/11/79 FOR 3 WINDSOR 42.40 PORTLAND 41.01 19:15:24 CYCLES -28- PORTLAND 1.14 PREVIOUS SIGNAL TO SIGNAL SECONDS CPU "riIFF-3) USEID THE DURING ROUTINE OUTPUT i " 73.6^ DIF'F"3 DATADASE DROADUAY -"riLE comment: " U R 0 A nil AY a D UI a -"UPDATE PRO C 0 M M E N r : D R' 0 Leave OLG Leave (5) L7LITTLE 320.7 MRUS. A M D D 1^ T n data :L 2/0 -"EX]_T A in "" C E E X A M on A M f: R I D G database from file (Still E E )C A M P' L E PRIME 0.53 OUT HOURS AT (LOCAL) file ' EXPRESS LOGGED disk I- I... E 16:2g:o? 1/80 10 A Y G data restore created: data Save C ^ save -"USE FILE Y 00/12/01 16:33 y C" -'"n. PROJEC T^=MATT in file!) #2 EXA^-^.PLE TYPING USER UNDERLINED IS LOGIN C" PRiriOS Uerslon HDS (2) LOGGED L7LITTLE * 11 -59 AT 8"/12/0a NOU PRINT FILES USING EITfrCR THS PRirfT OR THE SPOOL COMMAr TTY OCO Ort CAN VOU * IH riATT CODE PROJECT 13.0.3 P AND L O flAXBAND ODSS LOAD COnPLE'TE: LOAD COnPLETE LOAD COnPLETE LOAD COMPLETE load TO UELCOtlE flAXBAND ovor oxiating ontj-y ignorod "T"^ fESSAGES ABOUE INPUT TO IMPUT TRAFFIC PRINT TO PRINT OUT TO SOLi.'E TYPE HB T.'PE MB TYPE riB.SOLUE TYPE riB. OUTPUT NOTE MB.SOLUE ARE ALL CFSERX ) IRRELEVA^^T) DATA . -"TERniNAL "" TO irc^^jT TRAFFIC PROBLEM AND P"INT SiriPLV PRINT AUTOi^rf^TICALLV TEK4013 CUT EXECUTES DATA OUT TI^ULTS ns. RESULTS OF Ff:EVIOUSLV SOLUED PROBLEN OUTPUT terminal (Necessary Identify terminals) printing most -.31- for grar)h:.r;s but not -"riB_J"PUT I II-FUT DATA TRi^FFlC "riAIN_STF"EET,_Je^LTHeO. ry^nt: A.RTERY SYST01 "1 "11 SIGH-^LS OF ET^OLISH Z S^'STEr1 nETRIC rUflBER 5IGNAL "F.ANKS_ ?IG 1 9IG a " SIG *^ " BACON " " PROSPECT EXCHANGE SIG 4 SIG S SIG 6 SIG 7 "EL.M SIG 8 "fiPPLETC"H "LYnAN SIG 9 SIG 10 "Ktui:ofcL SIG 11 "I.INDEN 1 ASSTirnETRIC SIG " FROfl BACON' EXCHANGE" SIG MOODY- SIGNAL (fETERS) "230 LEXINGTON SIG ELi"] SIG APPLETON SIG LYr;,=W SIG t^^iTON " SIG Lir-'DEN " ARE 1I-;30UND "11C "70 Lin LimiT S'OU TO "244^ SIG UPPUR SIGT^AL "337^ SIG LOIJZR "1 Pf^WIOUS "a-"7 PROSPECT SIG DO SYfif^TETRIC DISTA.NCE OUTBOUND UAHT yZ53 "12S~~ "104_ "!r~o DISTANCES IT THE SftMS- CN CYCLE Tir:z "?sc) ON C^z-CLE TirZ (CiC) DIFFERENT DESIGN AS DXSTftf'TCES? 0UTD01S4D "VES "r3_ "i:^ SPEEDS F("l EjCsCH -32- 0UTB"XS"D SIGNAL ? " IJANT VOU DO ("lO'i 0;S 1(1 IT INi50UND f^RE OUTBOLIND GREEN BfT^S^ SIG N'OU CUTBOUND " 2 SIO^L 7 "N0 SPEED "i SAi*S: f^ FRCfl F.xEUIOUS LINK PREUIOUS Tl^ LINX7 SATE AS "VES Short CYCLE) cut innnt /7^ LEFT .J^"S_.er5S^ TViZM C:rSti .SSaS TIFS 7 .7S .5375 l"S .4655 on lu^i- * .7123 .^T7S_ OUTBOUND UALUES THE FROM OF "l "VE3 CHP?NG" CH-JSGI VALUES - KDJ TOLERANCES (FRACTION 6375 ANY r^3J LIFX T0L"R,WCES7 SPTED TirE UANT AND AND ON ON 3 SPEED) Si-'EEDS SPEEDS LIMITS LiniTS ro EfiCH " Pf:"\JlQUS DESIGN DESIGN DESIGN OUTBOUND FKvXI OF i=ieri OUTBOUND FOR SPEED)) DESIGN CHfV-iGE INBOUND rt?E OF SPEED DEFAULT 1 SPEEDS (KrM^"33 TOLERAHCE DEFAULT 1 DESICa^l ^PEJTD SPEED UISIGH L DIFFERerr DESIGN ^"UTPOUND i -^eave "^ ! a "V"S , LEFT OUTBOUND BAN"S^ SIG " BANKS' SIG TIME JJS23_5_iJ TIHE " YOU a^EEN t0__O GREEN INBOUND DO TURN BArfDUIDTH ^275. (FRACTIO^^ 5375 .4375 O 0 CYCLE) Q. (For .3-5 TIRN 3375 0"3Bi .3375 TIfS 7 .75 .5375 each in signal ,2_ CYCLE) .75 LEFT OF .575 OF .575 ANY~lNgOUND UANT (FilPiCTJON oetween space the list. negative .4625 45 "N0 num- bers , conTina ADUANCE recmi-ed " - DEFAULT I OF RATIO DESIRED NEU UALUZS TO INBOUND SELECTION PATTERN TUr^N L'^FT a (=0) "1 .. OUTBOUJ^D GREEHBANDS FOR SIGT^L EACH "l_ PATTERNS OUTBOUND LEFT TUI^N BEFORE C:^EN ftND I^f:5CU^" ISFT TuTW BEFORE (2) OUTB'^IK^ID LEFT TU;?N BEFORE CSFJEN AND IN'XdJND LEFT TU-IN AFTEF* (3) OUTBOUND LEFT TU.?N AFTER GREEN PfNO INIXH-?^ LEFT TUTOi BEFORE (4) OUTBOUND LEFT TUTxN FvFTER QxZEN AND INIJOU^D LEFT TU?^ AFTER ( 1 ) BE IN QUESTION TURN LEFT SIG BE TO TYPE OfC 7.ER0 CaOIDERED PATTERN FORfllhJG MATRIX PATTERN F0Rf1ir"K5 HATRIX FC^IING RATRIX FORs'lINQ rs?"TRIX FOWIir^ riATRIX BANKS PAT 1= "1 PAT 2- "0 PAT 3= "i PAT 4 "0 TURN LEFT SIG BACON PAT 1 "1 " SIG LEXINGTO PAT 1 "1 ^ TURN LEFT SIG ELfl PAT 1 LEFT "1 " TL^r^ SIG LINDEN PAT i " O L 0 PATTERN TURN LEFT -" AND CONSIDERED TO TYPE BELOU. SIGNAL EACH FOR " 1 0 1 0 PATTERN O 1 0 PATTERN 0 1 0 (1) "0) IF IF VOU VOU L3ANT DO NOT 'H-fE. UfiNT PATTERS "WE GREEN GREEN GREEN GREEN IN PATTERN QUESTION " ) ' PRirrr -"nB iSir^^TE:) STt^M'TE ARTERY hfeVlE riAIfS STREET. N-,X1B"R NSIG (Tl WALTHAfl or 4 SIGMALS J 11 LouER UPPER ) "T2) LiniT LiniT ON ON c*a;le CVCLE Tirs: Tlf^ (SEO """C) 60 lee Tl T2 flAKE THOS HARD BE COPV ERASED. (IF " DESIRED). TJ-iSN HIT TO COMTIhOJE. SIGNAL TO SIGNAL DISTi=tf^Ce FF?0J1 PfJEUIOUS DESIGN SPrlEDS (Kin/4") DISIGN TOLEr^A^"ZS " """"") OUTSOUMD SPEED IN OUTBOUND PREVIOUS LIMITS ON ChWSGE "^-n^ED FnoH (XITPOUND TlfTE (FR""CTI"5N GiREEN OF CYCLE) GREEN TIMS CYCLE) (XJTBO^Jr^'D LEFT TLRN (FTJ^CTIOf'J C^ BPtfSDUIDTH OF OUTBOUND AiXK^NCE (FRACTICXS CYCLE) OUTBOLiNE- ^D) IDESSPEED) (TLP) (C^) t GREEN) (EL) (Ti^) BA^5"S TLP CS NA 1^ 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 PROSPECT BPa^O-H EXCHANCE nOODV LEXINGTO Eun ftPPLETON Lvrvrfs hEIJTON LINDEN Hf^D 1"E:N be COPY ERASED. (IF " DESIRED). TMIN HIT GREEN .GC7S .437S UILL (METERS) NA 3 3 3 3 3 3 'RSTLEW INBOLTJD increase macr.ir.e this .275 0 .75 .GS75 .4S25 .65 O 0 e e .2 e TO CONTir*JE. TAU 0 avail- 0 o 0 UILL (HETERS) INBOUND (KM/HR) BACON EXCHANGE nOODY LEXINGTO ELM APPLETON L'lTIAN l-IEUTON LIh"DEN NARD BE COPY ERASED. (IF " DESIRED). THEH HIT 'R2TURM' "CR" -34- rO CONTINLE. left time PROSPECT THEN to 0 SIG BANXS HAiCE due e o SCREET'I LIhK to 15 turn "CR^ DISTANCE 10 from ."SZS .75 3 3 (KTI/HR) [Note that .pSSS .7125 3 LINK EL .15 0 1375 0 0 .275 SIGTWL TO SIGNAL PREVIOUS FRC1 (ICM^H;?) rPE?.D3 DESIGN (K31/HS?) TOt.TF:"--CES r-TSIGT'l SPEED INBOLIND r^Ofl PREVIOUS CFEED IN ir-JOL^O 0^" CHANCE LIMITS (CSB) C^.A5LE) CF (FT^ACTICN Tir^E GREEN ":(iREEr"'BA.=! I.NDOUNO OF CJYCLE) (FRACTION C:^EEN Til's TLT^ LEFT IhEOlJND (ELBAR) OF C^*Cl^ ) (FRACTION ADVANCE BAMD-JIDTN INBOUND (TAUBAR) (DBAR) (DESPDB) (TLPB) SCHEEN OUTBOUND SIG riAKE 'RSTl^JN' (Hi SCJREEN UILL ability TLRN LEFT (PATCHOIC) PATTERM flArRIX FOf^lhfO 12 PAT 3 4 " 0 SIG B*"*CS 1 0 I PROSPECT 0 0 Bi=iCON 0 10 EXCHA5SGE 0 0 0 0 nOODN' 0 0 0 LEXINGTO 10 0 10 10 0 0 0 10 10 EU1 10 *:tf^PLETON 0 0 LSTIAfi 0 0 NEUTON 0 10 0 LINDEN RATIO DESIRED (KK) -".^ GREENBft^(DS TO OUTBOUND OT ICSO^ ITEKATIO!^) GSrSF^TOR gOLUE vcNirujM THIS to A iterations or rnuriBER NC (TN^PE THE use DEFAULT OF RESTART (DIFFl) CPU 54 OPTiniZATION FINISHED CPU (DIFF2) UALUES (XJTPUT SECONDS "HC "N0 USED DURING 7"E TlftTRIX USED DURING THS OPTIHIZATICfl 79 IN rETRIC CYCLE CZOUT) RUTl? 89 1,677 DIFFa eETTir"a PREUIOJS A SECC""a)S DIFFl TIHE LeSITS (S^C) 60.^ ZOUT SOLUTION OUTBOLMD OUTBOUND "3) B/^"iXJID7H (CYCLES) .24 B OUTPUT' RAKE TfEN If^BOUr" 0 1 KK 15 OF 0 0 1 TABl" KAPJD CC-r^ BE CRT^SED. ONLY (IF " 2 PLOT DESIRED), Cf^LV 3 TH=3i HIT ^OTH "cr" -35- 4 TSTUTcN' NSITKaS? TO "3 CCffTII^JE. SCREBH UILL RED'/ (vT R"D OF START CYCLE 2 1 C^'":L" PROSPECT EXCHANGE rKK:'DY IXXINGTO ELM APPLETOtS LSTlAr" NEUTOH LINECN rvtfCE THEN m?5D (END CYCUE SIG R"D" B" COPY ERASED (ir " LVPLW NEUTON LINDEN 1.01 .38 BACOM EXC^-fe^^NGE LEXINGTO EU'l APPLETCtfS HARD BE THEN "ST (04D (ST (END MAKE THEN GS) GB) ADU) ADt") HARD BE COPY ERASED CIF COPY coffriNiJE. SCREEN UILL 11 23 16 62 2.SS 2.93 3.21 2.45 3.01 2.21 1.4S 2.01 1.36 "CR DESIRED). ^ 3.95 3.93 4.21 3. -15 4.01 8.36 THEN DESIRED), SCREEN UILL SCREEr" UILL 4.31 5.11 5.25 5.16 5.62 4.95 4. 96 3.31 4.11 4.25 4.16 4.62 31 1.31 2 11 2 25 2.16 2.62 1.95 1.96 " (IF " to 2 s.ai 4.45 5.01 4.33 3.33 HIT 'RCTLEW TO CafTINUE TO COm-INLE . " START OF GREENLAND E^(D OF GJxEEM-AN") ST GB PLUS DANDtJIDTH ST ADU PLUS (iREENBANO ERASED. 'RSTUw hit CYCLE 1 .31 1.11 1 25 1.16 1.62 95 .96 1.21 45 then "CR" RED EJ-iD CF PROSPECT tV"KE desired), ThOH ftiDUf^K^ HIT 'RETURN' ^^^ -36- SOUJTXON ir^ECXJMD INBOUrSD CBBftR) BBAR . OLfTPUT' MAKE 1 COR^' BE ERASED. "J""3S RED) " ST CS-CLE SIG LINDEN hEUTON LSTIAN AJ=PLETON 24 OtSLV 3 PLOT (IF E^SIRED), TABLE H;="D BPdMIXv'IDTH (CVCLE3) " ST^^rr OF 1 CNLV ThEM 4 KZIT"-"E;" "3 3 BOTH HIT 'RSTURM' TO COTTIMLE . SCREEN U'ILL "CR" FSID Ct^-LE 4 s ELM LEXINGTO noc"DY EXCHh"N":^ BACON PROSPECT MAKE THEN HARD BE MAKE HARD BE TJ-OM (ST "ST GB) ADU) (END ADU) tV4CE HARD T"-E"l " (IF CCPS' DESIfSD). DESIKED). " ERASED. T"CN HIT 'RETURN' TO COHTlt'ii^ SCREEN LULL THEN HIT 'RETUW TO CONTINUE. SCREEN UILL 'RETlT^V TO COr^TINLS: SCP""Ii UILL "CR" "CR" OF GREENBA!SO aOEENBAND BANDWIDTH PLLiS GB (iR"EN3AND t^DU PLUS START GB) (END (IF COPV ERASED. FE END ST ST (X"rv ERASED OF CIF " DESIRED). THZN ADmsNCE HIT "(-"" _ TH- SPEED AUERAGE CREATED FILE PLOT COWIENT' " 10/11/79 F0" B IH 19 FKOH GFSEMUAND -10 -13 CYCLES "CR" a.s^ "CR" -39- PREVIOUS SIGMAL TO SIGi^L (DIFF3) CPU CREDITED " rWIN C""^ierr^ Leave (2) 6 OUTPUT -53 save riRUS, ROUTirS Restore EXAT-PLE update ?RT^:'E LOGOED 1.93 OUT hVXSRS ftT data '20 UPDATED BASE LTLITTLE THL EX^ypLE UALTK^M Automatic OLO 2053 13 iS/CE^'SO street. -"vAJIT P^TA IXJ?INQ 'JALTHj^ street, "r!AIN .X"rr-1"NT= USED DATABASg lJ^LTH:-'tf1 -"riLf: 'UJE SECa"(DS 13 (LOCAL). -SS aV12/C2 PRCJECToflATT C" -40- data on disk file REFERENCES Land, A. and Powell, Wiley John London: John Little, Mixed-Integer i\, July-August, Under Mathematical of D. "The Synchronization C, Programming," Operations 568-594. 1966, pp. D. C. Contract and Maximal Bandvjidth DOT-FH-1 Sloan Mark Kelson, Report 1 -9562 April "An Interactive , S.B. thesis, Program M.I.T., May Traffic of D., for Traffic Arterial "Optimal Working Signal Highway by No. Signals: of Institute Management, Federal Signals 14, Vol. Research, for School , D. Programming, Massachusetts Computation, Systems," Signal W. Rizzi, Artery," an for 1973. Sons, Linear John Arterial Codes , John D. Little, C, Interactive and Theory Alfred P. Technology, 1977. 970-78, September Little, Fortran S. and Paper Timing WP for Administration 1980. for 1977. -41- Setting Traffic Signals on APPENDIX MAX BANT) Standard (1) of Hane (2) Cycle Artery Number artery: tiae: (seconds). limit Lower of Upper signals (seconds) limit kph (3) Outbound speed: Design toph center . kph . Tolerance tnph . . kph (A) Inbound (5) Target speed: ratio of Design center inbound to nph outbound band kph . Tolerance width: (12) Acceptability Patterns (1 = of Left acceptable, Turn 0 = Outbound after not) LT green and Notes between by Is its at itea s Unit phases, f 111 (3) nuaber: Ignals in equal to (4) If the and smaller (a) and tolerance "10^ specified, (5) Actual be further in which increased, (a) and (b). only inbound, no tolerance can (c); if is assumed. -42- is assumed ratio case Other A lialt on default. change in speed unles ratio s larger b ind width target turn has left v^ill be. (12) If only ou tbound uiU it colucms a as be are 0. maxba:;d Symmetric (1) Name (2) Cycle of Artery Number artery; tine: Lov;er (seconds) limit . Upper of Speed: Design Tol _\raph/ center . (4) (seconds) limit /kph\ (3) signal; (kph\ _\mph/ erance (6) (5) Signal name (down outbound) = 9 10 11 12 13 14_ 15 Notes by assumed. item A number: limit on (3) change If of no tolerance speed is bet..'een assumed. -43- specified signals " equal 10% to of the design speed tolerance- is is Page 1 V-A-XBANI) General (1) Name (2) Cycle (3) Target (A) MaxiDU3 of Artery Nunber artery: tine: ratio Lower of inbound of number (seconds). Unit to outbound band by item nuaber: larger has reached (9) design speed. its signals linit (seconds) . width: iterations outbou":d Notes Uoper of (3) Actual limit. is Default ratio (i) will Defai'lt speed tolerance = be target 10,000. of (8). data unless ratio (7) Default -44- smaller is all band speeds can be equal. further (8) afcsr increased Default is + 10" of Gpneial (22) of Name (cont) ArLery Artery; LEFT TURN PATTERM CONSTR.\INTS (23) (24) Acceptability (1 Patterns = of Left acccotable, Turn 0 = not) 9_ 11 12 13 1^ 15 Notes: only (b) . (24) outbound Other condition Default has columns left are turn is that phases, all fill left in 0. -46- (a) turn and patterns (c) ; if are If acceptable. (a) and only inbound, BASEf"Du mR3\JiscQ OEC 71984 1^8: - r, JUL 2 01985 9" OCT ''W 919IJ6 DEc"ri98t Lib-26-67 ACME BOOKBINDING NOV 100 1 0 CAMSRIDGE CHARLESTOWN, CO., INC. 1983 STREET MASS. BASEMENT 80 role HD28.IVI414 no.ll75/The James Medoff, 741446 D"BKS of seniority pQi:j2654 o iiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiii T06D 3 DDl TTb 2flb no.l17680 Na/A partial eauilibrium m D0l32fi5J. D.*BKS _ __ HD28.M414 Kulatilaka, 741444. 22T Tib DDl TOflO 3 H028.IVI414 80 no.ll77Stoker, Thomas/Aggregation and 741442 3 TDflD DDl noll78HD28.M414 Steele. Matthe/User's 74145B D"BKS 80 TTS no.ll7980 /The influence S3b of group ' 00132 O.x.BKS _ Katz, Ralph. 741454 mter 32614 n _ . HD28.IV1414 for manual 001 TDflD ^MO TTS m 3 assumpt QP,1J??|6 P"BKS .. 3 81 no.ll80Jef fr/American D" D*BKS HD28.M414 Meldman, 05 742205 - expectations o 00136504 - TDflD 3 3D2 TTb DDl IDflO Dm DD2 HD28.M414 no.1181Thomas/The Kochan, 742005 D"BI^S T3M 81 effects of collecti )Q132627 .. 3 TDflO DDl TTS ?b7 HD28.M414 no.118281 Roberts, Edwar/ls licensing 74201.1 effecti an 00 T3 265 2 3 TDflD HD28.M414 Lattin, James 742006 DDl no.ll8381 /T scaling .P.*BK^ . 3 . _ _ D.*BKS Tit. ^^S : 00132611 . TDflD DDl ^ iS MbO