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Kochi University of Technology Academic Resource Repository Title Author(s) Citation Date of issue URL é«éã€ãªã³ããŒã ãçšãã次äžä»£éç©åè·¯çšææè©äŸ¡ æ³ã®ç 究 éå, å²åŒ¥ é«ç¥å·¥ç§å€§åŠ, å士è«æ. 2004-03 http://hdl.handle.net/10173/227 Rights Text version author Kochi, JAPAN http://kutarr.lib.kochi-tech.ac.jp/dspace/ å¹³æ16幎3æä¿®äº å士ïŒå·¥åŠïŒåŠäœè«æ é«éã€ãªã³ããŒã ãçšãã 次äžä»£éç©åè·¯çšææè©äŸ¡æ³ã®ç 究 Development of Analytical System using Swift Ion Beam and its Application to Characterization of Next Generation ULSI Materials å¹³æ15幎12æ26æ¥ é«ç¥å·¥ç§å€§åŠå€§åŠé¢âå·¥åŠç 究ç§âåºç€å·¥åŠå°æ» åŠç±çªå·â1046003 éåâå²åŒ¥ Tetsuya Kaneko 2 ç®æ¬¡ 3 ç®æ¬¡ ç®æ¬¡ 7 æ¬è«æã®èŠæš æ¬è«æã§åãæ±ããã話é¡ã®ç¯å²ãšè«æã®æ§æ 12 æ¬ç 究ã«é¢é£ããåŠäŒçºè¡šããã³çºè¡šè«æã®äžèŠ§ 13 第ïŒéš åºç« 第1ç« é«éã€ãªã³ããŒã ãå©çšãã é«ç²ŸåºŠå çŽ åææè¡ã®å®èšŒçç 究 é«éã€ãªã³ããŒã åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±æ³ã«ããçµæåæã®æŠèŠ i) åºç€æŠå¿µ ii) 枬å®æ³ã®å称 iii) é«éã€ãªã³ãããŒãåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±æ³ãçšããçµæåææ³ã®åçæŠç¥ iv) åæè£ çœ®ã®æŠèŠ 17 é«éã€ãªã³ãããŒãåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±æ³ã«ããçµæåæã® 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T. Kaneko, M. Watamori, H. Makita, C. Araujo and G. Kano, Damage Evaluation after Ion Beam Irradiation on Polyimide Films using ERD and RBS techniques simultaneously, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,ïŒ2004ïŒ, in press. 2. T. Kaneko, M. Watamori, H. Makita, C. Araujo and G. Kano, Depth Profiling of Hydrogen and Oxygen in Ferroelectric Films Using High-energy Ion Beam, Integrated Ferroelectrics, Vol.53, pp.391-399(2003). åŠäŒçºè¡šïŒïŒä»¶ïŒ 1. T. Kaneko, M. Watamori, H. Makita, C. Araujo and G. Kano, ʺDamage Evaluation after Ion Beam Irradiation on Polyimide Films using ERD and RBS techniques simultaneouslyʺ The16th International Conference on Ion Beam Analysis, June 29-July 4, 2003, Albuquerque, NM, USA, ãã¹ã¿ãŒã»ãã·ã§ã³ 2. éå å²åŒ¥,綿森 é倫,ç§ç° å¯,å çŽ å倪,C. Araujo, RBS-ERDAåæåææ³ãçšããããªã€ããèã®åæãšç §å°æå· æ¥å£ç¬¬50åå¿çšç©çåŠé¢ä¿é£åè¬æŒäŒ,ããŒã å¿çš,ã€ãªã³ããŒã äžè¬, 2003幎ïŒå¹³æ15幎ïŒ3æ30æ¥ãç¥å¥å·å€§åŠãå£é è¬æŒ 3. T. Kaneko, M. Watamori, H. Makita, C. Araujo and G. Kano, âDepth Profiling of Hydrogen and Oxygen in Ferroelectric Films Using High-energy Ion Beamâ 15th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics (ISIF2003), Colorado Springs, USA, March 9-12, 2003. æåŸ è¬æŒ 14 æ¬è«æã«é¢é£ããè«æãåŠäŒçºè¡šäžèŠ§ 4. éå å²åŒ¥, éæ å¿ç©,綿森 é倫,ç§ç° å¯,å çŽ å倪,C. Araujo, é«éã€ãªã³ããŒã ãçšãã匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±æ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ å®éãšæ§èœæ¹å 第63åå¿çšç©çåŠäŒåŠè¡è¬æŒäŒ25a-B-II,ããŒã å¿çš,ã€ãªã³ããŒã äžè¬, 2002幎ïŒå¹³æ14幎ïŒ9æ25æ¥ãæ°æœå€§åŠ, ãã¹ã¿ãŒã»ãã·ã§ã³ 5. T. Kaneko, S. Nomura, and M. Watamori, âHigh Energy Ion Beam Scattering Spectrometry for Carbon Thin Film Characterizationâ Israel-Japan Binational Workshop on Diamond Science and Technology, Tosa-Yamada, Kochi pref. JAPAN, Dec. 6-7, 2001. å£é çºè¡š 6. éå å²åŒ¥, éæ å¿ç©,綿森 é倫,ç§ç° å¯,å çŽ å倪,C. Araujo, é«éã€ãªã³ããŒã æ£ä¹±æ³ãçšãã匷èªé»äœèè¡šé¢ã®æ°ŽçŽ ã®æž¬å® 第49åå¿çšç©çåŠé¢ä¿é£åè¬æŒäŒ28p-ZA-II,匷èªé»äœèè, 2002幎ïŒå¹³æ14幎ïŒ3æ25æ¥ãæ±æµ·å€§åŠ, å£é è¬æŒ 7. éå å²åŒ¥, éæ å¿ç©,綿森 é倫,ç§ç° å¯,å çŽ å倪,C. 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ãå¥ãåã£ãŠéœã€ãªã³ãšã㊠2 段ç®ã®å éãè¡ãããã®ããã«ãããšè² ã€ãªã³ çæã®ããã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±èžæ°ã»ã«ã®ä¿å®ãé¢åãšããäžå©ã¯ããããåãå éé»å§ã§ãïŒæ®µå éã®ïŒå(1 䟡ã€ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠ)ãŸã㯠3 åïŒ2 䟡ã€ãªã³ã«å¯Ÿã ãŠïŒã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒãæã€ç²åããŒã ãçæããããšãã§ããã åèæç® [1] H. Geiger and E. Marsden, âOn a Diffuse Reflection of the a-Particlesâ Proc. Roy. Soc. vol. 82, pp. 495-500 (1909). [2] E. Rutherford ,âThe Scattering of a and b Particles by Matter and the Structure of the Atomâ Phil. Mag, vol. 21, pp. 669-688 (1911). [3] J.R. Tesmer and M. Nastasi eds. Handbook of Modern Ion Beam Materials Analysis, Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, (1995). [4] W.K. Chu, J.W. Mayer and M.-A. Nicolet, Backscattering Spectrometry, Academic Press, NY, (1978). 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,ããªãã¡ãããŒãã€ãªã³ã®è³ªéãæšçãã軜ããšãã0 †Ξ â€ Ï ã§ ãããããªæ£ä¹±è§Îžã«å¯ŸããŠãæ£ä¹±ãšãã«ã®ãŒåé ä¿æ° K ã¯ã  β cos(Ξ ) + 1 â β 2 sin 2 Ξ K =  1+ β ï£ ï£¶    2 åŒ 1-1-2-15 ãšè¡šããããäžæ¹ã [ii] β > 1 ã ã 㪠ã ã¡ ã ã ㌠ã 〠㪠㳠㮠質 é ã æš ç ã ã é ã ãš ã ã 0 †Ξ †Ξc â€ Ï ï£«1 ã Ξ c = arcsin  ã§ãããããªåæ¹æ£ä¹±è§Îžã«å¯ŸããŠã 2 ï£Î²   β cos(Ξ ) ± 1 â β 2 sin 2 Ξ K =  1+ β ï£ ï£¶    2 åŒ 1-1-2-16 ãšè¡šãããåãβãΞã«ããã㊠2 çš®é¡ã® K å€ãå®ãŸãã [i]ã®å Žåã¯åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±åææ³ã§éèŠãªåŒã§ããã[ii]ã®å Žåã¯æ°ŽçŽ åæ¹åè·³åæ æ³ã§éèŠãªåŒã§ããã 1-1-3 æ£ä¹±ãšãã«ã®ãŒåé ä¿æ° KïŒK ãã¡ã¯ã¿ïŒã®å€ å³ 1-1-3 ã«è³ªéæ°ïŒã®ããªãŠã ã€ãªã³(4He+,4He2+)ããããŒãã«çšããå Žåã®æ£ ä¹±ãšãã«ã®ãŒåé ä¿æ°ïŒK ãã¡ã¯ã¿ïŒã®å€ãããã€ãã®äŸãšå ±ã«ç€ºããè©Šæè¡š é¢ã®éãååæ žã«ãã£ãŠæ£ä¹±ãåãããããŒãã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¯é«ããè©Šæè¡šé¢ ã®è»œãååæ žã«ãã£ãŠæ£ä¹±ãåãããããŒãã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¯äœãããããã£ãŠã æ£ä¹±åŸã®ãããŒãã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã枬å®ããããšã«ãã£ãŠæ£ä¹±ãèµ·ãããååæ ž ã®è³ªéãåå®ã§ããã 第1ç« é«éã€ãªã³ãããŒãåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±æ³ã«ããçµæåæã®å®éçãªèšè¿° 31 å³ 1-1-3 æ£ä¹±ãšãã«ã®ãŒåé ä¿æ°ïŒK ãã¡ã¯ã¿ïŒã®å€ãšããã€ãã®å 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çã«å¹³åå€ã®åšãã«å¯Ÿç§°ã§ãªããããšãã«ã®ãŒæ倱ãå ¥å°ãšãã«ã®ãŒã® 1ïŒ ãè¶ ãããšè¿äŒŒçã«ã¬ãŠã¹ååžã§è©äŸ¡ããŠãå®çšäžåé¡ããªããªãã ã» é»åæ倱ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ã«å¯ŸããæãåçŽãªè©äŸ¡åŒã¯ Bohr ã® åŒïŒåŒ 1-3-5-1ïŒã§ãããChu ã«ãã匷æçžè¿äŒŒè£æ£ïŒåŒ 1-3-5-4ãå³ 1-3-5ïŒ ãå ãããã®ãããçšããããã ã» æªç¥è©Šæã«å¯Ÿãããšãã«ã®ãŒã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ã¯ Bragg ã®å ¬åŒã«æºããŠå åæ ž 1 åééãããã®ã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ãè©äŸ¡ããå«æéã«ãã£ãŠç·åœ¢æš å®ããïŒåŒ 1-3-6-1ïŒ ã 第 1 ç« ã®åèæç® [1] H. 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æ£ä¹±è§ 165 床ã§ã¯å ±é³ŽããŒã¯ãé«ãšãã«ã®ãŒåŽã«ã·ããããããŒã¯ãéã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 62 ïŒïŒïŒ æšæºé žåç©ãå©çšããèšæž¬ç³»ã®èŒæ£ æ¬ç¯ã§ã¯çš®ã ã®é žåç©è©Šæãå©çšããèšæž¬ç³»ã®èŒæ£ãè¡ããæ¬ç 究ã§çšãã ããèšæž¬ç³»åºæã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®ä»£è¡šçãªãã®ã¯ãMCA ãã£ãã«ïŒãšãã«ã®ãŒå€ æä¿æ°ãæ€åºåšè§åºŠãæ€åºåšç«äœè§ãªã©ãããã 2-2-1 ãšãã«ã®ãŒèŒæ£ æ¬ç 究ã«çšããå éåšã§ã¯å éé»å§ãå®å®å ãããããã« GVM(Generating VoltMeter)ãçšã ããã£ãŒãããã¯å¶åŸ¡ç³»ãæ§æããŠãããGVM ã¯åºå®é»æ¥µæ¿ãšãããã«å¯Ÿåããå転ã·ãŒã«ãé» æ¥µæ¿ããæ§æãããŠãã(å³ 2-2-1-1)ããããã枬 å®ãããé»çäžã«çœ®ããæ圢ã®ã·ãŒã«ãé»æ¥µãå 転ããåºãå ¥ãããããšã«ãã£ãŠçããåºå®é» 極äžã®èªèµ·é»è·ã®å€åããå éåšç«¯åé»å§ãæ± ããŠãããå éåšããåºåãããé«ãšãã«ã®ãŒã€ ãªã³ããŒã ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®æºããã®é·åšææå å³ 2-2-1-1 GVM ã®åç ã§ããããªããã¯ãã® GVM ã®æž©åºŠä¿æ°ã«äŸåããã®ã§ãè£ çœ®å šäœã¯åŸªç°æ°Žææž© è£ çœ®ã§ 19-22 床ã®æž©åºŠã«ä¿ãããŠããã ã€ãªã³ããŒã ã¯ãã¥ãªãã©ãºãããã³ã€ãªã³æºããããã 18[kV]ïŒå¯å€ïŒã® åŒãåºãé»å§ã§åŒãåºããããã®åŸã¿ã³ãã å éåšã§ 2 段å éããããããã ã£ãŠãå éåšã¿ãŒããã«é»å§ã V[kV]ãšãããšãããŒã ãšãã«ã®ãŒE[keV]ã¯ã E=2V+ 18 (He+ã€ãªã³ã®å Žå)ããŸãã¯ åŒ 2-2-1-1 E=3V+18 (He2+ã€ãªã³ã®å Žå) åŒ 2-2-1-2 ãšãªãã GVM ã®æ瀺å€ã«åºã¥ãåç®ç«¯åé»å§ Vnominal ãšå®éã®é»å§ V ãšã®é¢ä¿ãç·åœ¢ ã§ãããšããŠãæ¯äŸä¿æ°ã aããªãã»ããã b ãšãããš V = a â Vno min al + b åŒ 2-2-1-3 ãšæžãããGVM ãçšãã枬å®ã§ã¯ãªãã»ããå€ b ã¯éåžž 1[kV]ãè¶ ããããšã¯ ãªããã 0.1ïŒ ã®ç²ŸåºŠã§ã¯ç¡èŠããŠããããšãã«ã®ãŒèŒæ£ã¯ïŒç¹ã§è¡ãã°ããã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 63 æ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ãã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒèŒæ£ã®åºæºã« 3032[keV] ã®é žçŽ å ±é³Žãçšããã 3032[keV]ã® 4He ã€ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠå¯åºŠ 2.2[g/cm3]ã®ã¢ã¢ã«ãã¡ã¹ SiO2 ã®é»æ¢èœã¯ã 20.3[eV/Å]ãšèŠç©ããããïŒ1-3-3 ç¯ïŒã3032[keV]ä»è¿ã®ããŒã¯ã®å ±é³Žå¹ (RMS) ã 6[keV]ãšãããšçŽ 30[nm]ã«çžåœããã30[nm]ããèãçšåºŠã®è¡šé¢é žåèãæ ã€è©Šæã«å¯ŸããŠé žçŽ ã«ç±æ¥ããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŒãç²åã«ãŠã³ããæ倧ãšãªããš ãã«ã®ãŒã 3032[keV]ãšæ±ºå®ããã°ããããšãããããšãã«ã®ãŒåè§£èœ 12-20[keV] çšåºŠã®ç³»ã§åãé žåç©è©Šæã枬å®ããå Žåãé žçŽ å ±é³Žã«ç±æ¥ããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ãã ãŒãç²åã«ãŠã³ããæ倧ãšãªããšãã«ã®ãŒã¯é«ãšãã«ã®ãŒåŽã«å°ããã㊠3035[keV]ãšãªãããã®çç±ã¯ãæ€åºç³»ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœãæéãªããã«ãæ è¡šé¢ã®é žçŽ ããåŸãããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±åéã MCA ã®äœãã£ã³ãã«ãã«ããã£ãŠå æ£ãããŒã¯ãéã£ãŠããŸãããšã«ããããã®ããšã¯æç®ã«ããå ±é³ŽããŒã¯ãšã ã«ã®ãŒã®å ±åã®ã°ãã€ãã®åå ã®äžã€ãšèããããã å³ 2-2-1-2 ã« SiO2(101[nm])/Si è©Šæã« Vnominal=3074[keV]ã® 4He+ã€ãªã³ãå ¥å°è§ 5 床㧠5[µC]ïŒç §å°ã¹ãããåŸ 1mmïŒç §å°ããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åã 170 床ã®äœçœ®ã§æ€ åºããããšã«ãã£ãŠåŸãããã¹ãã¯ãã«ã瀺ãã å³ 2-2-1-2 SiO2(101nm)/Si è©Šæã« Vnominal=3074keV ã® 4He+ã€ãªã³ã 5µC ç § å°ïŒç §å°ã¹ãããåŸ 1mmïŒããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åã 170 床ã®äœçœ®ã§æ€åºããã ãšã«ãã£ãŠåŸãããã¹ãã¯ãã« 64 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ SiO2(101[nm])/Si è©Šæ㯠Si åºæ¿ã HF ã§è¡šé¢ããšããã³ã°ãããã®åŸé žçŽ é°å² æ°äžã§ç±é žåããããšã«ãã£ãŠæºåãããSiO2 å±€ã®åãã¯ãšãªããœã¡ãŒã¿ã«ã ã£ãŠå åŠæž¬å®ããããã®ã§ããããŸããæ€åºåšã®è§åºŠã¯è©Šæå°ã® SiO2 è©Šæã«ã¬ ãŒã¶å ãããŠãåå°ã¹ãããã®äœçœ®ããã¡ããŠæ±ºå®ãããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ãšãã«ã®ãŒ ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã® 891[ch]ä»è¿ã«è¡šé¢ Si ã®ä¿¡å·ã®ç«ã¡äžãããããã530-550[ch]è¿å ã«é žçŽ å ±é³ŽããŒã¯ãããã867[ch]ä»è¿ã«ã¯ Si/SiO2 å¢çã瀺ãä¿¡å·ã®ãšããžãã ãã åæ§ã®æž¬å®ã 3006[keV]-3086[keV]ã®é åã«ããã£ãŠãããªã£ãçµæã®é žçŽ ä¿¡ 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å¿ã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ããæ¬ç 究ã§çšããããæ³¢é«åæåš(PHA:Pulse-Height Analyzer) ãš MCA ã¯ã¢ããã°-ããžã¿ã«å€æåšãšèšæž¬çšèšç®æ©ã§æ§æãããŠãããæ€åºåš 以éã®ä¿¡å·ã®æµãã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªãã æ£ä¹±ç²åã¯åå°äœæ€åºåšã«å ¥å°ãããšãã«ã®ãŒã«å¿ããæ£åïŒé»å察ãçºç ããããæ€åºåšãã€ã¢ã¹é»çã«ãã£ãŠåéãããé»æµãã«ã¹ãšãªã£ãä¿¡å·ã¯å 眮å¢å¹ åš(EG&G ORTEC 142A)ã«å ¥åãããç²åã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã«æ¯äŸããæ³¢é«ã æã€é»å§ãã«ã¹ã«å€æããããé»å§ãã«ã¹ã¯ã¹ãã¯ãã«åæçšå¢å¹ åš (EG&G ORTEC 572)ã§ãæéå¹ 500[nsec]ïŒShaping Time:0.5[ÎŒsec]ïŒã«æŽåœ¢ãããã¬ãŠã¹ ååžåã®é»å§ãã«ã¹ãšãªãããã®é»å§ãã«ã¹ã¯ãWilkinson åã¢ããã°ïŒããžã¿ ã«å€æåš(Labo 4803A, ã¯ããã¯åšæ³¢æ° 200[MHz]ã13bit éåå)ã§æ³¢é«ã«å¿ãã æ°å€ããŒã¿ãšãªããèšæž¬çšèšç®æ©ã«éä¿¡ãããã ã¹ãã¯ãã«åæçšå¢å¹ åšã®å¢å¹ å©åŸã¯ 20-50-100-200-500-1K ã® 6 çš®é¡ã®ç²ã¬ã³ ãžãšã0.5-1.5 ç¯å²ã®åŸ®èª¿æŽããã³ã·ã§ã¡ãŒã¿ã«ãã£ãŠèª¿æŽ1ãããããã§ã¢ãã ã°ïŒããžã¿ã«å€æåšã®ãã£ã³ãã«ãšãšãã«ã®ãŒã®å¯Ÿå¿ä»ãã決ããããã«æšæº è©Šæã® RBS 枬å®ãè¡ãããã£ã³ãã«ïŒãšãã«ã®ãŒå€æåŒãæ±ããã ïŒè¡š 2-2-2-1ã å³ 2-2-2-1ïŒãã®çµæãå¢å¹ åšã®ã²ã€ã³ã 100(ç²ã¬ã³ãž)*0.90(埮調æŽ)ã®ãšãã E = (3.785 ± 0.001) × Ch100*0.90 + (222.7 ± 0.5) [keV] åŒ 2-2-2-1 ãšæ±ºãããããRBS ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ç«ã¡äžããå¹ ãããã®èŒæ£æž¬å®ã«ãããèšæž¬ ç³»ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœã決ããããšãåºæ¥ããRBS ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ç«ã¡äžããå¹ ãçã Si ã«ã€ããŠã 3.471[Ch]x3.785[Ch/keV]=13.14[keV](FWHM)=5.580[keV](RMS) åŒ 2-2-2-2 1 SSD1 ã 0.900ãSSD2 ã 0.925 ã§åºå®ãããŠããã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 66 ãšãªããã»ãŒæ€åºåšã®åè§£èœ 12keV(FWHM)ã§æ±ºãŸã£ãŠããããšãããããRBS ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ç«ã¡äžããã®å¹ ã«ã°ãã€ããããã®ã¯ãããã«éãã®éãåäœäœ ã«å¯Ÿããã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ç«ã¡äžãããéãªã£ãŠããããšãäž»å ã§ããã è¡š 2-2-2-1 æ§ã ãªè©Šæã« 3035keV ã® 4He+ã€ãªã³ã 10µC ç §å°ïŒã¹ãããåŸ 1mmïŒããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åã 170 床ã®äœçœ®ã§æ€åºããããšã«ãã£ãŠåŸããã ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®åå çŽ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããä¿¡å·ã®ç«ã¡äžããäœçœ®[ch]ãæ±ãããã®ã ä¿¡å·ã®ç«ã¡äžããäœçœ®ã¯ãã¹ãã¯ãã«ãæ°å€åŸ®åãããã®ã«ã¬ãŠã¹åé¢æ°ã§ããŒã¯ ã®åœãŠã¯ããããŠæ±ãããOãSiãTiãAuãBi ã§ã¯åäœäœãåé¢ãããŠãã M2 ã¯åäœ äœæ¯ã®è³ªéã§ããã M2 k(170)E0 [keV] è¡šé¢å çŽ ä¿¡å·ã®äœçœ®[ch] ç«ã¡äžããå¹ (FWHM)[ch] O 15.99 1100 231.6ïŒTiO2ïŒ 230.6 (SiO2) 4.304 ïŒTiO2ïŒ 4.646 (SiO2) Si 27.98 1714 395.8 3.471 Ti 47.95 2177 517.4 3.631 Sn 118.7 2655 642.6 5.502 Ta 180.9 2780 675.6 4.747 197.0 2800 680.8 4.233 207.2 2811 683.6 4.351 209.0 2813 684.4 4.144 16 28 48 197 Au Pb 209 Bi å³ 2-2-2-1 è¡š 2-2-2-1 ã®ããã£ã³ãã«ãããkEãã«å¯ŸããŠããããããæ å° 2 ä¹æ³ã§çŽç·ã®åŸããšåçãšãæ±ããã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 67 ä»ã®ç²ã¬ã³ãžã«ã€ããŠã¯ãSSD ããã®ä¿¡å·ã®ä»£ããã«æšæºãã«ã¹çºçåšãã¹ã ã¯ãã«åæå¢å¹ åšã®å ¥åãšããä¿¡å·ããŒã¯ãçŸããäœçœ®ã®å¯Ÿå¿ããç°¡æ枬å®ã ãããã®çµæããã£ã³ãã«éã®å¯Ÿå¿ã Ch(200 × 0.90) = 2.120 × Ch(100 × 0.90) + 56.19 åŒ 2-2-2-3 Ch( 100 × 0.90) = 1.945 × Ch(50 × 0.90) + 51.85 åŒ 2-2-2-4 ãšãããããæ±ããããããã®çµæããšãã«ã®ãŒã«ã€ããŠè¡šããšã E = (3.785 ± 0.001) × Ch100*0.90 + (222.7 ± 0.6) [keV] åŒ 2-2-2-2 E = 1.785 × Ch200*0.90 + 122.4 [keV] åŒ 2-2-2-5 E = 7.364 × Ch50*0.90 + 419.0 [keV] åŒ 2-2-2-6 ãšãªãã 2-2-3 æ€åºåšç«äœè§ã®èŒæ£ (a) 幟äœåŠçãªç«äœè§ã®èŠç©ãã ããäžå®ã®æ¡ä»¶ã§ç §å°ãããããŒã ã«ãã£ãŠæ€åºãããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åæ°ã¯ã æ€åºåšã®ç«äœè§ã«æ¯äŸããïŒåŒ 1-2-1-3ïŒãç §å°ã¹ãããã«æ£å¯ŸããŠããå圢æ€åº åšã®ç«äœè§ã¯ãæ€åºåšã®ææé¢ç©ååŸã rdãæ€åºåšäžå¿ãšç §å°ã¹ãããäžå¿ã®è· é¢ã Lout ãšããŠã Lout >> rd ã®ãšãã ⊠G â Ï rd2 L2out ã§è¿äŒŒçã«è©äŸ¡ã§ãããæ¬ç 究㧠çšããããæ€åºåšã«ã€ããŠã¯ãè¡š 2-2-3-(a)-1 ã®ããã«ãªãã è¡š 2-2-3-(a)-1 æ€åºåšã®ã¿ããã®ç«äœè§ã®èŠç©ãã rd Lout âŠG æ€åºåš 1 3 mm 117 mm 2.1 msr æ€åºåš 2 5 mm 158 mm 3.2 msr æ€åºåšã®ææé¢ç©ååŸ rd ã¯å¹ŸäœåŠçãªå€èŠãšäžèŽãããšã¯éãããæ£ç¢ºã«æ± ããããšãé£ããããããã£ãŠç«äœè§ã¯å¹ŸäœåŠçã«è©äŸ¡ãããããã¯ãããã æšæºè©Šæã®ã¹ãã¯ãã«ããïŒåŒ 1-2-1-3ïŒãšé¡äŒŒã®é¢ä¿åŒã«ãã£ãŠå®éšçã«æ±ºã ãããããšãå€ãã以äžæ¬ç¯ã§ã¯ãšãã«ã®ãŒèŒæ£ã«çšããã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®éç㪠é¢ä¿ãçµ±äžçã«èª¬æã§ããããã«ç«äœè§Î©ã決å®ããã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 68 (b)枬å®ã§åŸãããã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®é«ããšç«äœè§ æ€åºåšç«äœè§ã¯ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®é«ãïŒMCAïŒãã£ã³ãã«ãããã®ã«ãŠã³ãæ°ïŒ ããæ±ããããã®ã§ãããã§ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®é«ããšç«äœè§ã®é¢ä¿ã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ãã MCA ãã£ã³ãã«ïŒãšãã«ã®ãŒèŒæ£ã«çšããè©Šæã®ãã¡ãåäžå çŽ è©Šæã§ãã Sn ã«ã€ããŠããã£ã³ãã«ãããã®æ€åºç²åæ°ãã€ãŸãã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®é«ããæ±ã ãïŒå³ 2-2-3-(b)-1ïŒãå ¥å°ç²åã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¯ E0=3035keV ã§ããããããæè¡šé¢ ã® Sn ååæ žã«ãã£ãŠæ£ä¹±ããæ€åºãããå Žåãæ£ä¹±ãšãã«ã®ãŒåé ä¿æ°ïŒKïŒ ãã¡ã¯ã¿ïŒã¯ k(170deg,Sn)=0.8747ïŒ1-1-2-15 åŒïŒã§ããããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŒãã® ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¯ 2655keVïŒ1-1-1-1 åŒïŒãšãªãã643chïŒ2-2-2-2 åŒãããã³å³ 2-2-2-1ïŒ ã«æ€åºããããããã§åçŽåã®ãããæ€åºåšã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœãšãããŒã ã® è§åºŠåºãããªã©ãç¡èŠããã å³ 2-2-3-(b)-1 è¡šé¢ã¹ã㯠ãã«é«ãã®èšç®ïŒSn ã®å ŽåïŒ è©Šææ³ç·ãšå ¥å°ããŒã ã®ãªã è§ãαãšãããšãè¡šé¢ããå ã Ï0/cos(α)[nm]ã®é åã® NÏ0/ cos(α) [atoms/cm2]åã® Sn å å æ ž ã ã ã® æ£ ä¹± ã 643[ch]ã«çŸããã ïŒæ€åºåšã®å 解èœã®å¶éãç¡èŠããå ŽåïŒ MCA1ch ã ã ã ã® ãš ã ã« ã® ãŒ å¹ W=3.785[keV/ch] ïŒ 2-2-2-2 åŒ ïŒ ãª ã® ã§ 2655-3.785=2651.215keV 以äžã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŒãã¯äžã€äžã®ãã£ã³ãã«ã§ãã 641.6chïŒ642chïŒã«æ€åºããããããŸã(2655-W)keV ã«æ€åºãããç²åãè©Šæã® è¡šé¢ããæ·±ãÏ0 ã®äœçœ®ã«ãã£ããšããããSn ã®å¯åºŠã N[atoms/cm3]ãšãããšãã åäœé¢ç©ãããã N â Ï 0 åã® Sn ååæ žã 643 ãã£ã³ãã«ãžã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ã«é¢äžã cos α 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 69 ããããã§Î±ã¯å ¥å°ããŒã ãè©Šææ³ç·ãšãªãè§ã§ããã N â Ï 0 åã§ãªã ãšããããšã«æ³šæãå¿ èŠã§ããããããããŒãã€ãªã³ã¯ãSn è©Šæäžã N â Ï 0 å cos α Ï0 cos α ã®è·  dE  é¢ã ãé²ã¿ãSn ã®é»æ¢èœ S ( E ) =   = S el ( E ) + S n ( E ) [keV/nm](1-3-3-1 åŒ) ã«ã ï£ dx  ããã£ãŠã â« Ï0 cos(α ) 0 S ( E (x ))dx ã ããšãã«ã®ãŒã倱ãããã®äœçœ®ã§ã®ãããŒããšãã« ã®ãŒã Ebefore ãšå®çŸ©ããããããªãã¡ã Ï0 Ebefore â¡ E 0 â â« cos(α ) S ( E ( x ))dx 0 åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-1 æ·±ãÏ0 ã®äœçœ®ã«ãã Sn ååæ žã«æ£ä¹±ãåããåŸã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã Eafter ãšãã ãšã E after â¡ k â Ebefore åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-2 ãšãªããåºå°è§ãβãšãããšãæ·±ãÏ0 ã§æ€åºåšæ¹åã«åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ããããããŒã ã¯è¡šé¢ã«å°éãããŸã§ã« Ï0 cos β ã®éã®ããééããªããã°ãªããªããåºå°è§Î²ã¯ã è©Šææ³ç·ãšãè©Šæç §å°ã¹ãããäžå¿ãšæ€åºåšãšãçµã¶åºå°ç·ã«æãŸããè§ã§ã ããæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯å ¥å°ããŒã ãåºå°ç·ãè©Šææ³ç·ãåäžå¹³é¢äžã«ããããããã IBM æ¹åŒã®é 眮[1]ãªã®ã§ã βïŒ(180 床-æ£ä¹±è§)-å ¥å°è§Î± [deg.] åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-3 ã§ããããããŒããè¡šé¢ããè±åºããéã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã Eout ãšãããšã Ï0 E out = E after â â« cos( β ) S ( E (x â²))dx â² 0 åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-4 ãšæžããã åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åã®è±åºãšãã«ã®ãŒEout ã Eout=2655-W[keV]ã«ãªãããã«æ·±ãÏ0 ã決å®ããããšãã§ãããïŒåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-1,2,ããã³ 4ïŒããã Ï0 Ï0   kE0 â W = k  E 0 â â« cos α S (E ( x ))dx  â â« cos β S (E ( x â²))dx â² 0 0 ï£ ï£ž è¡šé¢ãã Ï0 cos α åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-5 ãŸã§ã®èãé åã«ãããé»æ¢èœã®å ¥å°çµè·¯ã«æ²¿ã£ãå¹³åå€ã SIn 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 70 ãšããæ·±ã Ï0 cos α ããè¡šé¢ãžè±åºãããŸã§ã®åºå°çµè·¯ã«æ²¿ã£ãå¹³åå€ã SOut ãšæž ããšãïŒåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-5ïŒã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒæžè¡°ãè¡šãç©åãå¹³åé»æ¢èœãšçµè·¯é·ã®ç© ã§è¡šãããšãåºæ¥ãŠã Ï Ï ï£«  kE0 â W = k  E 0 â 0 S In  â 0 S Out cos α ï£ ï£ž cos β åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-6 ïŒåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-6ïŒã Ï 0 ã«ã€ããŠè§£ããšã Ï0 = W åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-7 S  k â S In   + Out  ï£ cos(α ) cos( β )  ãšãªãããããã£ãŠãæè¡šé¢ã«çžåœãã MCA ã®è©Šæéè¡šé¢ã«çžåœããïŒãã£ã³ ãã«ã«æ€åºãããã«ãŠã³ãæ°ã®æåŸ å€<H0>ã¯ãïŒåŒ 1-2-1-3ïŒã«ãã㊠t = Ï 0 ãšã ãŠã H0 = 1 E 0 â E before â« Ebefore ãšãªãã Ebefore â¡ E0 â H0 = E0 ÏdE â ⊠â Q â N W S  k â S In   + Out  ï£ cos(α ) cos( β )  åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-8 Ï0 S In ïŒåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-1ïŒã§ãã£ãããã cos(α ) cos(α ) E0 W ÏdE â ⊠â Q â N Ï0 â« Ï 0 S In E0 â cos(α ) S In  k â S In  S  + Out  ï£ cos(α ) cos( β )  åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-9 ãšãªããΩã«ã€ããŠè§£ããšã âŠ= 1 Ï In â Q â N â W S  k â S In   + Out  H 0 ï£ cos(α ) cos( β )  åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-10 ãåŸããããããã§ïŒåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-9ïŒã®åŸ®åæ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã®ç©åããå ¥å°çµè·¯ã«ã ããå¹³åå€ Ï In ã§çœ®ãæãããããã«ã ε In â¡ âŠ= 1 Ï In â Q â W ε  k â ε In   + Out  H 0 ï£ cos(α ) cos( β )  S In N ã ε Out â¡ S Out ãå®çŸ©ãããšã N åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-11 ãšå¯åºŠ N ã«äŸåããªã圢ã«æžããã å®éã«ã¹ãã¯ãã«ãèšç®ããéã«ã¯ãçµè·¯äžã®å¹³åå€ Îµ In ãªã©ã¯ãé»æ¢æé¢ç© ã E0 ã®åšãã« Taylor å€é åŒã«å±éããŠè¡ããã以äžã§ã¯èª¬æã®ç°¡åãã®ããã«ã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 71 å±éã®ç¬¬ïŒé ã ãã§ãããŸãã«è©äŸ¡ãããããªã㡠ε In â ε (E 0 ) ãε Out â ε (kE0 ) ã Ï In â Ï (E 0 ) ã®è¿äŒŒã§ããã³Î©ãè©äŸ¡ãããšæ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããããªãã¡ã W Ï0 = åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-12  k â ε (E 0 ) ε (kE0 )   + N  cos( ) cos( ) α β ï£ ï£ž âŠ0 = 1 Ï (E 0 ) â Q â W  k â ε (E 0 ) ε (kE0 )    H 0 + ï£ cos(α ) cos( β )  åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-13 ãšãªãã å³ 2-2-3-(b)-2 ZBL85 ã«ã ã Sn ã®é»æ¢æé¢ç© ãã®åŒã«ãN(Sn)=3.694x1022[atoms/cm3], ε(E0,Sn)=83.85[eV/(1015atoms/ cm2)], ε(kE0,Sn)= 89.05 [eV/1015atoms/(1015atoms/ cm2)]ïŒå³ 2-2-3-(b)-2ïŒ, cos(5deg)=0.9962, Ï(Sn,170deg)= 1.425 x10-24[cm2/sr], Q(4He+,10µC)= 6.242x1013, W=3785[eV/ch] ãä»£å ¥ãããšã Ï0 = 3785[eV / ch] 3.694 × 10 [atoms / cm 3 ] × 163.0[eV/(1015 atoms/cm 2 )] 22 åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-14 â7 = 6.286 × 10 [cm / ch] ⊠0 [ sr ] = 1 × 163.0[eV/(1015 atoms/cm 2 )] H 0 13 1.425 × 10 [cm /sr] â 6.242 × 10 â 3785[eV / ch] - 24 2 = 4.842 × 10 â7 [ sr /(counts / ch)] H 0 [counts / ch] ïŒåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-15ïŒ ãšãªããä»®ã«ãΩã«å¹ŸäœåŠçãªèŠç©ããΩ=2.1x10-3[sr] ïŒè¡š 2-2-3-1ïŒãçšãã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 72 ãšãããã<H0>㯠4.3×102 ã«ãŠã³ããšãªãã ãŸããMCA ãã£ã³ãã«ïŒãšãã«ã®ãŒèŒæ£æž¬å®ã®çµæïŒè¡š 2-2-2-1ïŒãããSn è©Š æã®ä¿¡å·ç«ã¡äžããå¹ ã¯ 5.502[ch](FWHM)ã§ãã£ããããè¡šé¢ã«ãããæ·±ãå解 èœã¯è¡šé¢è¿äŒŒã§èŠç©ãã£ã Ï 0 = 6.286[nm / ch] ã« 5.502[ch]ãæãã 35[nm]çšåºŠãš èŠç©ããããã (c)枬å®å€ã«ããç«äœè§ã®æ±ºå® 1-3-1 ç¯ã®å³ 1-3-1 ã«ç€ºããããã«ãè©Šæãä»®æ³çãªèå±€ã«åãã2-2-3-(b)ç¯ã§ è¿°ã¹ããããªæç¶ãã«åŸã£ãŠé次çã«ãã£ã³ãã«ãããã®ã«ãŠã³ãæ°ãèšç®ã ãŠãããšãã¹ãã¯ãã«å šäœãèšç®ããããšãã§ããããã®ããã®èšç®æ©ããã° ã©ã ãããã€ãçºè¡šãããŠãããæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ RUMP[21]ãèšç®ã«çšãããSn 㫠察ããŠèšç®ã§æ±ããã¹ãã¯ãã«ãšã ïŒè¡š 2-2-2-1ïŒã®ããã«æž¬å®ããçµæãšã䜵ã ãŠè¡šç€ºãããšå³ 2-2-3-(c)-1 ã®ããã«ãªãã å³ 2-2-3-(c)-1 ã§ã¯ã1 ãã£ã³ãã«ãããã®ã«ãŠã³ãæ°ã¯ 3500 ã«ãŠã³ãçšåºŠã§ ãããè¡šé¢è¿äŒŒã«ããèŠç©ãã 4300 ã«ãŠã³ãããïŒå²çšåºŠå°ãªãããããã£ãŠã çã®ç«äœè§ã幟äœåŠçãªèŠç©ãããã 2 å²çšåºŠå°ãªã 2.1[msr] ×0.8=1.7[msr]çšåºŠ ã«ãªããããã§ã¯è°è«ããªãããSn è©Šæè¡šé¢ã§ã¯ Pb ãš O ã«ããã³ã³ã¿ãã㌠ã·ã§ã³ã確èªãããSn åäœããæåŸ ãããã«ãŠã³ãæ°ããå°ãªããªã£ãŠããã ãããã£ãŠãæ±æã®åœ±é¿ã®ãªãè©Šæå éšã® 500ch-570ch ã®æž¬å®å€ã«ã€ããŠãæå° 2 ä¹æ³ã§èšç®å€ãåãããã«ç«äœè§ã決ãããšã Ω=1.737[msr] ïŒåŒ 2-2-3-(c)-1ïŒ ãåŸããããΩ=1.737[msr]ã®å€ã§ä»ã®ã¹ãã¯ãã«ããã説æããããšãåºæ¥ãã å³ 2-2-3-(c)-2 ã« SiO2(101nm)/Si è©Šæã«ã€ããŠã枬å®å€ãšèšç®å€ãšãéããŠç€º ãã500ch 以äžã®é åã§ã枬å®å€ã®æ¹ãè¥å¹²å€§ãããªã£ãŠããã®ã¯èšç®ã§èæ ®ã ããŠããªãå€éæ£ä¹±ã®å¹æ(1-3-7 ç¯)ãšãçµæ¶ã·ãªã³ã³è©Šæã®é»æ¢èœãã¢ã¢ã«ã ã¡ã¹ã·ãªã³ã³ã®é»æ¢èœã§èŠç©ãã£ãããšã«ãã誀差ã§ããã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 73 å³ 2-2-3-(c)-1 Sn ã«ã€ããŠã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®æž¬å®å€ãšãΩ=1.737 ã§èšç®ããå€ãšã瀺ãã620ch-640ch ä»è¿ã§ã®ããã¯ãè©Šæã®ã³ã³ã¿ãã ãŒã·ã§ã³(Pb)ã«ãããã®ã§ããã å³ 2-2-3-(c)-2 SiO2(101nm)/Si ã«ã€ããŠåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®æž¬å®å€ ïŒå³ 2-2-1-2 ãšåãããŒã¿ïŒãšãΩ=1.737[msr]ã§èšç®ããå€ãšã瀺ãã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 74 2-2-4 æ·±ãïŒãšãã«ã®ãŒå€æ åã³åç¯ã® Sn ãäŸã«æ·±ããšãšãã«ã®ãŒã®å€æã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ããæ·±ãã¯ã¹ã㯠ãã«ãé次èšç®ããéã«ãè¡šé¢ã«ã€ããŠÏ0 ãæ±ããããã«æ±ºãããããããã ã§ã¯ããäžåºŠç°¡åã«èŠãŠããã ã€ãªã³ããŒã ã§æž¬å®ããããæ·±ããã¯è©Šæã®é»æ¢æé¢ç©ã«ãããšãã«ã®ãŒæžè¡° ã§ãããå®éã®ç©ºéçåºããã«å€æããã«ã¯äœããã®æ¹æ³ã§æž¬å®ããå¯åºŠã«é¢ ããæ å ±ãå¿ èŠãšãªããé»æ¢èœã¯é»æ¢æé¢ç©ã«ååå¯åºŠãæããŠåŸãããã ãããŒãã€ãªã³ã®è©Šæééè·é¢ã xããããŒãã€ãªã³ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã E(x),è©Šæ ã®é»æ¢èœã S(E)=dE/dx ãšçœ®ããšã dx (E )dE dE dx = åŒ 2-2-4-1 ã§ãããã x=â« E0 E â1 E0 E0 dx (E )dE = â«E  dE  dE = â«E 1 dE dE S (E ) ï£ dx  åŒ 2-2-4-2 ã®é¢ä¿ããããå³ã¡ãé»æ¢èœã®éæ°ããšãã«ã®ãŒåºéã«æž¡ã£ãŠç©åããã°éé è· é¢ x 㚠㪠ã ã å³ 2-2-3-(b)-2 㫠瀺 ã ã Sn ã® é» æ¢ æ é¢ ç© ã« å¯ åºŠ N(Sn)=3.694×1022[atoms/cm3]ãæããŠé»æ¢èœãšãããã®éæ°ãç©åããããšã«ã ã£ãŠãããŒãã€ãªã³ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒãšééè·é¢ã®é¢ä¿ïŒå³ 2-2-4-1ïŒãåŸãããã E0=3035keV ã§å ¥å°ãããããŒãã€ãªã³ã¯ãSn äžãå¹³å 8ÎŒm 以äžé²ãã§æ¢ãŸ ããSn è©Šæã®æ·±ã 1µm ã«ããååæ žããã® 170 床æ¹åãžã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ã¯ãã¹ã㯠ãã«ã® 475ch ã«çŸãããããã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«èšç®ãããã 3035keV ã§å ¥å°è§ 5 床ã§å ¥å°ãããããŒãããè©Šæã® 1µm ã®äœçœ®ã«å°éãã ãŸã§ã«ééããªããã°ãªããªãè·é¢ã¯ã 1000[nm]ïŒcos(5deg.)=1004[nm] ã§ãããè¡šé¢ãã 1004[nm]ã ã Sn äžãééãããããŒãã€ãªã³ã¯ãã®ãšãã«ã® ãŒã 3035keV ãã 2717keV ãŸã§æžããããã®äœçœ®ã§ 170 床æ¹åã«åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ãã ããããŒãã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¯ k åã«ãªãã2376keV ã«ãªãã2376keV ã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ã ããŒããè¡šé¢ã«å°éãããŸã§ã« 1000[nm]ïŒcos(5deg.)=1004[nm] 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 75 ééããªããã°ãªããªãããã®è·é¢ã¯ããŸå¶ç¶ã«å ¥å°è§Î±ãšåºå°è§Î²ãçãã ã®ã§åãã§ãããè©Šæããè±åºãããŸã§ã« 2376keV ã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ã€ãªã³ã¯ 2019keV ãšãªãã475ch ã«æ€åºããããé»æ¢èœããšãã«ã®ãŒã«äŸåããããã«ãå ¥å°çµè·¯ ãšè±åºçµè·¯ã§å€±ããšãã«ã®ãŒã¯åãã§ã¯ãªãããããã£ãŠããã£ã³ãã«ïŒæ·±ã ã®é¢ä¿ã¯åçŽãªç·åœ¢ã§ã¯ãªãããŸããå ¥å°ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®æºãã㯱1keV(RMS) çšåºŠã§ãã£ããããããŒãã€ãªã³ãå ¥å°çµè·¯ã«æ²¿ã£ãŠè©Šæäžãé²ãã«ã€ããæ·± ã 1µm ã®äœçœ®ã§ã¯ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ã«ãã£ãŠãšãã«ã®ãŒã®æºããã¯å€§ ãããªã£ãŠããã å³ 2-2-4-1 Sn ã« E0=3035keV ã® He ã€ãªã³ãããŒããå ¥å°ãããšãã®ãš ãã«ã®ãŒã Sn äžã§ã®ééè·é¢ã«å¯ŸããŠç€ºãã3035keV ã§å ¥å°ãããã㌠ãã€ãªã³ã¯ Sn äžãå¹³å 8µm 以äžé²ãã 1000[nm]åã® Sn(Z2=50,N=3.694×1022[atoms/cm3])å±€ééã«ãã Bohr ã¹ãã©ã°ãª ã³ã°ã¯ãåŒ 1-3-5-1 ããã (⊠) IN 2 B = 0.26 â 4 â 50 â 3.7 × 10 22 â 1 × 10 â 4 × 10 â18 = 190[keV 2 ] ã§ãããRMS å€ã§è¡šããš±14keV ã§ããã3035keV ã«ããã Chu è£æ£ã 47%ãš ( IN ãã㚠⊠Chu ) 2 = 89[keV 2 ] ãRMS å€ã§è¡šããš±9.4keV(RMS)ãšããããšã«ãªãã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 76 å³ 2-2-4-2 Sn ã«å¯Ÿ ãã Bohr ã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ ã°ã® Chu è£æ£ä¿æ° ïŒå³ 1-3-5 ã®ããŒã¿ãã Sn ã«ã€ããŠæç²ããã ã®ãããŒã¿ã«ãªããšã ã«ã®ãŒã®å€ã¯ 3 次ã¹ã ã©ã€ã³é¢æ°ã«ããè£ éïŒ å ¥å°ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®çµ±èšçãªåºããã±1.0keV(RMS)ãšãããšãæ·±ã 1µm ã®äœçœ® ã® Sn ååæ žã«æ£ä¹±ãããçŽåã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³éå£ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®çµ±èšçåºã ãã¯ãBohr-Chu ã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ãšãå ¥å°ã€ãªã³éå£ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒåºãããšãã ãããŠã (⊠) 2 Before = 12 + 9.4 2 = 89[keV 2 ] åŒ 2-2-4-3 ãšãªããæ£ä¹±ãšãã«ã®ãŒåé ä¿æ° k<1 ã§ããããæ£ä¹±åŸã«ãã®æºãã㯠k åã« å§çž®ããã (⊠) 2 After = (0.8747 × 9.4) 2 [keV 2 ] åŒ 2-2-4-4 ãšãªããRMS å€ã§è¡šç€ºãããš±8.3keV ãšãªããè±åºéçšã«ã€ã㊠2376keV ã«å¯Ÿ ãã Chu è£æ£ä¿æ°ã 0.43 ã§ãããšãããšæ£ä¹±åŸè±åºãããŸã§ã« (⊠Out )2 = 190 × 0.43 = 82[keV 2 ](±9.0[keV ]) ã®åºãããå ããã®ã§ãçµå±é»åãšãã«ã®ãŒæ倱ã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ã®å¹æã¯ã (⊠STR )2 = (⊠After )2 + (⊠Out )2 = (8.32 + 9.0 2 )[keV 2 ] åŒ 2-2-4-5 ãã±12[keV](RMS)ããæ€åºåšå解èœãšæ€åºåšç«äœè§å¹æãåäœäœã®éåé¢å¹ æãªã©ã®æ€åºç³»å解èœã®å¶éã«å ãããããããå«ãã æ€åºç³»ã®ç·åå解èœã Sn ä¿¡å·ã®ç«ã¡äžããå¹ ãã 21keV(FWHM)ãããªã㡱9keV(RMS)ãšãããšã (âŠTotal )2 = 9 2 + 122 = 152 [keV 2 ] åŒ 2-2-4-6 ãã±15keV(RMS)ãããªãã¡ 35keV(FWHM)ãšãªãã以äžã®èŠç©ããã«ãããŠã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 77 ã¬ãŠã¹ååžã«å¯Ÿãã FWHM å€ã¯ RMS å€ã® 2 2 ln 2 = 2.355 åãšãªãããšãçšã ãããŸããæ·±ã 1µm ã«ããããšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœã¯ãé»åãšãã«ã®ãŒæ倱ã¹ãã© ã°ãªã³ã°ä»¥å€ã®å解èœã®å¶éãè¡šé¢ã®å Žåãšåã±9[keV](RMS)ãšããå°è§æ£ä¹± ã«ããæ žãšãã«ã®ãŒæ倱ã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ã¯å°ããããç¡èŠããã 2019keV ãã 35keV é¢ãããšãã«ã®ãŒã§ãã 2054keV ããã³ 1984keV ã®åŸæ¹ æ£ä¹±ç²åãçãããã Sn ååæ žã®æ·±ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«æ±ããããã åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-6 ãå°ããã®ãšåæ§ã®è°è«ã«ãã£ãŠãæ·±ãÏã«ååšããååæ žã« ãã£ãŠåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ããæ€åºãããå Žåã®å¹³åæ€åºãšãã«ã®ãŒEOut ã¯ã Ï Ï ï£«  E Out = k  E 0 â S In  â S Out cos α ï£ ï£ž cos β åŒ 2-2-4-7 ãšæžããããããã£ãŠã S âEOut   kS âÏ = â In + Out âÏ âÏ ï£ cos α cos β  åŒ 2-2-4-8 ãšè¡šããããããã£ãŠã S   0.8747 S In 35[keV ] = â + Out âÏ 0.9962  ï£ 0.9962 å ¥å°ã»åºå°çµè·¯ã«æ²¿ã£ãå¹³åé»æ¢èœã¯åã ãS In = ããã³ã S Out = åŒ 2-2-4-9 3035 â 2717 = 0.3167[keV / nm] ã 1004 2376 â 2019 = 0.3556[keV / nm] ãšãªãããã 1004 âÏ = 55[nm] åŒ 2-2-4-10 æ·±ã 1000[nm]ã§åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŠæ€åºãããç²åã® 35keV ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®äžç¢ºå® ããæ·±ãã®äžç¢ºå®ãã«æç®ãããš±55[nm]ãšèŠç©ãããããè¡šé¢ã«ãããæ·±ã å解蜱35[nm]ã«æ¯ã¹ããš 1.6 åãŒãããŠãããšããããšã«ãªãã ïŒïŒïŒ é žçŽ æž¬å®ã®æ床ããã³æ·±ãåè§£èœ æ¬ç¯ã§ã¯ 16O(α,α)16O åå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ é枬å®ã®æ·±ãå解èœãæ床ããã³ç²Ÿ 床ã«ã€ããŠãSiO2(101nm)/Si è©Šæã«ã€ããŠã®æž¬å®å€ãåºã«ç°¡åã«ãŸãšããŠããã 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 78 2-3-1 è¡šé¢ã«ãããæ·±ãåè§£èœ 3032keV è¿åã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠãå ¥å°è§ 5 床ãåºå°è§ 5 床ãæ£ä¹±è§ 170 床ã®æ¡ä»¶ã§ SiO2(101nm)/Si è©Šæè¡šé¢è¿åã®é žçŽ éãå®éããããšãããšãã è¡šé¢ã«ãããç·åãšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœã¯ãã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®è¡šé¢ Si ã®ç«ã¡äžãããã 12 [keV](FWHM)=5.1[keV](RMS)ãšèŠç©ããããšãåºæ¥ãïŒå³ 2-3-1-1ïŒããã㯠ã»ãŒåºäœæ€åºåšã®æ§èœã«çããã å³ 2-3-1-1 2975keV ã®ãã㌠ããçšããŠæž¬å®ã ã SiO2(101nm)/Si è©Šæã®è¡šé¢ 28Si ããã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ã« çžåœããã¹ãã¯ã ã«éšåã FWHM=12[keV]ãš èŠç©ããããã SiO2 è©Šæã«å ¥å°ãã 3032keV ã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³ãæè¡šé¢é žçŽ ã«ãã£ãŠåŸæ¹ æ£ä¹±ããããšãã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¯ k(O)=0.3625 ã§ããããã1099[keV]ã§ããã 1099keV ãã FWHM ãšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœã§ãã 12keV é¢ãããšãã«ã®ãŒã§ãã 1087keV ã«æ£ä¹±ãçãããããããªé žçŽ ã® SiO2 äžã®æ·±ãã¯ãåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-12 ã å°åºããã®ãšåæ§ã®è°è«ã«ãã£ãŠæ±ãããããããã«å ç«ã£ãŠ MCA1ch ã®ãš ãã«ã®ãŒå¹ W=1.785[keV/ch]ã«çžåœãã SiO2 å±€ã®åã Ï 0 ãèšç®ããŠãããã ïŒåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-6ïŒããã Ï 0 ã¯ã Ï0 = W S  k â S In   + Out  ï£ cos(α ) cos( β )  = 1.785 × 10 3  0.3625 â 203.4 × 10 7 319.7 × 10 7  + 0.9962 0.9962 ï£ ï£¶   = 4.520[nm] ïŒåŒ 2-3-1-1ïŒ ãšæ±ãããããããã§ãé»æ¢èœã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒäŸåæ§ dS 㯠MCA1 ãã£ã³ãã« dE 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 79 ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒå¹ W ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠå°ããã®ã§ãåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-9 ããã2-2-3-(b)-12 ãå° ãããšããšåæ§ãé»æ¢èœã®è©äŸ¡ãè©Šæè¡šé¢ã®å€ã§è¡ãïŒè¡šé¢è¿äŒŒïŒ ãSIn=S(E0)ã SOut=S(kE0)ãšããå¯åºŠ N(SiO2)=2.20[g/cm3]=6.62x1022[atoms/cm3]ã® SiO2 å±€ã®é» æ¢èœããBragg åïŒ1-3-2 ç¯ïŒãå©çšã㊠203.4[eV/nm] ïŒE=3032keVïŒã319.7[eV/nm] ïŒE=1099keVïŒãšããããšãã«ã®ãŒåè§£èœ 12keV(FWHM)ã¯ãã£ã³ãã«å¹ ã§ã ããšã6.7[ch]ãRMS å€ã§ãã 5.1[keV]ã¯ãã£ã³ãã«å¹ ã§ãããš 2.9[ch]=13[nm] ã§ããããããã£ãŠãè¡šé¢ã«ãããæ·±ãåè§£èœ ât ã¯ã ât = 6.7 × Ï 0 = 30[nm] ãšãªãã101nm ã®é žåèäžã«ãããŠã¯è¡šé¢è¿å(13nm±13nm)ã43nm è¿å(43nm ±13nm)ã73nm è¿å(73nm±13nm)ãšäºãã« 30nm é¢ãã 3 ã€ã®é åããã®é ž çŽ éãåºå¥ã§ããããšãæå³ãããå³ 2-2-1-3 ã«ãããŠãã»ãŒåãé«ãã® 4 〠ã®ããŒã¯ãåºå¥ãããŠããã®ãèŠãŠåããã 2-3-2 è¡šé¢ã«ãããé žçŽ å®é粟床ããã³æ床 1-2-6 ç¯ã§ã¹ããã¿ãªã³ã°éçšãšã®ç«¶åã§æ±ºãŸãæ€åºæ床ã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ãã軜å çŽ åºæ¿ã®äžã®éå çŽ ã®åæãšéããSiO2 äžã® O ã®å®éã§ã¯ O ãšäžå°ã® Si ãšã®å é¢ã«ã€ããŠè°è«ããå¿ èŠãããããšãšãã¹ããã¿ãªã³ã°åéãå®éšå€ã«åºã¥ã ãŠããªãããšã®ããã«ã1-2-6 ç¯ã®è°è«ã¯ãã®ãŸãŸã§ã¯é©çšã§ããªãããããæ å§ãã«åãè°è«ãè©Šã¿ããã®åŸã«å®èšŒæ床ã«ã€ããŠè°è«ããã Si åºæ¿äžã«åœ¢æãããéåžžã«èã SiO2 å±€ãèãããéåžžã«èããšããæå³ã¯ã é žçŽ ã«åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ããããããŒãã€ãªã³ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒå¹ ã MCA ã® 1 ãã£ã³ãã«ã ãçãçšåºŠãå³ã¡ã4.5nm çšåºŠïŒåç¯åç §ïŒããèããšããæå³ã§ããã3.032MeV ã® He ã€ãªã³ãè©Šæã«å ¥å°è§ 5 床ã§ç §å°ããæ£ä¹±è§ 170 床ã®äœçœ®ã«çœ®ãããç«äœ è§ 1.737[msr]ã®æ€åºåšã§åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åãæ€åºããããšãèããã16O ã®å ±é³ŽåŸ®å æ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã®ããŒã¯ã¯ 0.73[b/sr](3032keV)ã§ãããé žåèãéåžžã«èãããã®äž ã§ã®ããŒã ãšãã«ã®ãŒæžè¡°ã 1keV çšåºŠã®å Žåã«ã¯ãå ±é³ŽåŸ®åæ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ãšã㊠ããŒã¯å€ããã®ãŸãŸäœ¿çšããŠããããããŒãã€ãªã³ã«ããã¹ããã¿ãªã³ã°åé ã 10-3 ãšä»®å®ããæ€åºé㫱10%ã®ç²ŸåºŠãä¿éããããã«å¿ èŠãªã«ãŠã³ãæ°ã 100 ã«ãŠã³ããšãããããŒã çŽåŸã 1mmãããŒã ç §å°é¢ç©ã Ï × 0.5 × 0.5 â 8 × 10 â3 [cm 2 ] ãšãããšããããŒã ç §å°é¢ç©ããã 100 ã«ãŠã³ã 0.9662 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 80 ã®åéãåäœé¢ç©ãããã®åéã«æç®ãããšã ( ) 100 / 8 × 10 â3 = 1.3 × 10 4 [counts / cm 2 ] ãšãªããåŒ 1-2-6-5 ãããã¹ããã¿ãªã³ã°ãš ã®ç«¶åã«ãã£ãŠæ±ºãŸãæ€åºäžé Ns0 ãã Ysp Y 10 â3 â 1.3 × 10 4 = 1 × 1014 [atoms / cm 2 ] ïŒåŒ 2-3-2-1ïŒ Ï⊠0.73 × 10 â 24 â 1.737 × 10 â3 ãšãªããSi(100)é¢ã®åååå±€ã®é¢ç©å¯åºŠ 6.8 × 1014 [atoms / cm 2 ] ã®çŽ 15ïŒ ãšãªãã N s0 = = ãã®ãšãé žçŽ ååãæ£éžããŠããŸããããŒãç §å°é Q ã®äžéã¯ã ïŒåŒ 1-2-6-4ïŒ ãã 1 × 1017 [cm â2 ] ã§ãããããŒãºéæç®ã§ã¯ 8 × 1014 â 130[ µC ] ãšãªãããã㯠6.2 × 1012 5[nA]ã®ããŒã é»æµã§ã7 æé匷ã®æž¬å®ãšãªããã€ãŸãã 1× 1014 [atoms / cm 2 ] ã®é ž çŽ ã Si åºæ¿è¡šé¢ã«ååšããå Žåã5[nA]ã®ããŒã é»æµã§ã7 æé匷ã®æž¬å®ããã ãšãé žçŽ ã«ç±æ¥ããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±åéã 100 ã«ãŠã³ãåŸããã枬å®åŸã«é žçŽ ã¯æ£éž ããŠããŸããšããããšã«ãªãã å³ 2-3-2-1 3042keV ã®ãã㌠ããçšããŠæž¬å®ã ã SiO2(101nm)/Si è©Šæã®è¡šé¢é žçŽ ããã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ã« çžåœããã¹ãã¯ã ã«éšåã 次ã«ããšãã«ã®ãŒèŒæ£ã®éã«æ žå ±é³Žæ¡ä»¶ã§æž¬å®ãã SiO2 è©Šæã®ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã« åºã¥ããå®èšŒæž¬å®ç²ŸåºŠããã³æ床ã«ã€ããŠèããã 3032keV ä»è¿ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®ïŒäŸ¡ãããŒãã€ãªã³ 5ÎŒC ãçšããŠãå ¥å°è§ 5 床ã æ£ä¹±è§ 170 床ãåºå°è§ 5 床ã§åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åãæ€åºããããšãèããããã®æž¬å® æ¡ä»¶ã§ã¯ãé žçŽ å ±é³Žä¿¡å·ãšäžå°ã® Si ããã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åãšãéãªãã ïŒå³ 2-3-2-1ïŒ ããã Si åºæ¿ã®çŽ æ§ã¯ããããã£ãŠããã®ã§ãäžå°ã® Si åºæ¿ããã®åéã¯ãã ã£ã³ãã«ããã 150 ã«ãŠã³ã±12 ã«ãŠã³ããé žçŽ å ±é³ŽããŒã¯ã®ä¿¡å·ã¯ 537 ã㣠第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 81 ã³ãã«ã«ãã㊠696 ã«ãŠã³ã±26 ã«ãŠã³ããšåé¢ã§ããããããã£ãŠå ±é³Žã㌠ã¯é«ãããé žçŽ éã決å®ããå Žåã®çµ±èšèª€å·®ã¯ãã®å Žåã 26 â 0.037 696 ïŒåŒ 2-3-2-2ïŒ ããªã㡱4%çšåºŠã«ãªããç«äœè§ãç §å°ãšãã«ã®ãŒãç §å°éçã®èª€å·®ã¯ããã ããäžæ¡å°ãããªãŒããŒã§ãããããããæçµçãªæž¬å®ç²ŸåºŠãšèããŠããã æ床ã«ã€ããŠèããããã«ãä»®æ³çã«è¡šé¢ã® SiO2 ã®èåãèãããŠããããš ãèãããé žçŽ ããã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åã®ã«ãŠã³ãæ°ããåºæ¿ã·ãªã³ã³ã®ã«ãŠã³ã æ°ã®æºãããšåçšåºŠã«ãªãéããã®å Žåã®æ€åºäžéãäžãããã¹ãã¯ãã«ã«å¯Ÿ ãã Si åºæ¿ã®å¯äžã¯ 150 ã«ãŠã³ã±12 ã«ãŠã³ã(å³ 2-3-2-1)ã§ããããããã£ãŠã é žçŽ ã«ç±æ¥ãã 1 ãã£ã³ãã«èŸºãã®ã«ãŠã³ãã Si åºæ¿ã®ã«ãŠã³ãã® RMS 誀差 ãšåçšåºŠã® 12 ã«ãŠã³ãããããã¯ãRMS 誀差㮠3 åïŒãããã 3ÏïŒãšãªã 36 ã«ãŠã³ãã«ãªãããšãé žçŽ ã®åé¢æ€åºäžéãšãããã MCA1 ãã£ã³ãã«ã«çžåœãã SiO2 å±€ã®åãã¯è¡šé¢è¿äŒŒãçšããŠèšç®ãããš 4.520nm ïŒåŒ 2-3-1-1ïŒã§ããã4.520[nm]ã® SiO2 å±€ã«ç±æ¥ããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åã«ãŠ ã³ãã¯ã1 䟡㮠He ã€ãªã³ 5µC ã®ããŒãºéã«å¯Ÿã㊠786 ã«ãŠã³ããšèŠç©ããããã ããã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«èšç®ãããã è©Šæè¡šé¢é žçŽ ããã® 1ch ãããã®ã«ãŠã³ãæ°ã®æåŸ å€ã¯ãæ€åºç³»ã®ãšãã«ã® ㌠å 解 èœ ã® å¶ é ã ç¡ èŠ ã ã Rutherford æ£ ä¹± æ é¢ ç© ïŒ åŒ 1-2-2-1 ïŒ Ï R (E 0 ,170 deg ) = 0.03220 [b/sr] ãçšãããšã H 0 (O ) = Ï R â ⊠â Q â NÏ 0 = 0.03220 × 10 â 24 â 1.737 × 10 â3 â 3.141 × 1013 â 4.41 × 10 22 â 4.520 × 10 â7 ïŒåŒ 2-3-2-2ïŒ = 35.02[counts / ch] ã§ãããããã§é žçŽ ååæ žã®å¯åºŠãšããŠã N(O) = 2 × 6.62 × 10 22 = 4.41 × 10 22 [atoms/cm 3 ] ãçšããã次ã«ãå ±é³Žæ žåå¿ã«ãã 3 æ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ãçšããŠãè©Šæè¡šé¢é žçŽ ããã® 1ch ãããã®ã«ãŠã³ãæ°ãèŠç©ãã ããå ±é³Žæ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒäŸåæ§ dÏ ã¯å€§ããããã dE Ï R (E 0 ,170 deg ) = 0.03220 [b/sr] ãåçŽã«å ±é³ŽåŸ®åæ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã®ããŒã¯å€ Ï * (E 0 ,170 deg ) = 0.73 [b/sr]ïŒå³ 2-1-1ïŒã§çœ®ãæãããšèª€å·®ã倧ãããªãããã®ã§ã è¡šé¢ã®åã Ï 0 ã® SiO2 å±€ã«ããã埮åæ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã®å¹³åãèããå¿ èŠããããå 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 82 ã Ï 0 ã® SiO2 å±€ééåŸã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒEbefore (åŒ 2-2-3-(b)-1)ã¯ãè¡š é¢è¿äŒŒãçšããŠã Ebefore â¡ E 0 â Ï0 4.520 S In = 3032[keV ] â × 203.4 × 10 â3 [keV ] cos(α ) 0.9962 = (3032 â 0.9229)[keV ] ãšãªãããšãã«ã®ãŒæžå°åããMCA1ch ã®å¹ W=1.785 ã®ãããååãšãªã£ãŠã ãã®ã¯ãè±åºçµè·¯ã«æ²¿ã£ããšãã«ã®ãŒæžå°ã¯é¢äžããªãããã§ããã Leavitt ã®å€[5]ã«ããã°ãÏ * (3032keV ) = 0.731[b/sr] ãÏ * (3031keV ) = 0.715 [b/sr] 㧠ãããããSiO2 å±€ã®æè¡šé¢ã® 4.520[nm]ã«ãããå¹³åå€ Ï * = 0.723[b / sr ] ã§ããã åŸã£ãŠã3032keV ã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³ããŒã ãç §å°ããå Žåã®æè¡šé¢é žçŽ ã«ç±æ¥ã ãåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²ååéã¯ã H 0 (O ) = * = Ï* â ⊠â Q â NÏ 0 ÏR 0.723 × 35.02 = 786[counts / ch] 0.0322 ãšãªãã ããŠããã® 786 ã«ãŠã³ãã¯ãæ€åºç³»ã®å解èœã®å¶éãç¡èŠããŠåŸãããå€ã§ ãããå®éã«ã¯æ€åºç³»ã®å解èœã 12[keV](FWHM) (å³ 2-3-1-1)ãªã®ã§ã12keV ã® æ£èŠååžã®ã³ã³ããªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«ãã£ãŠãååŸã® MCA ãã£ã³ãã«ã«åæ£ããŠæ€ åºãããäžå¿ã® 1ch ã§æ€åºãããã®ã¯ 14%ã® 110 ã«ãŠã³ãã«ãªãã(å³ 2-3-2-2ïŒ å³ 2-3-2-2 MCA1ch å¹ ã«çžåœãã SiO2(4.5nm)äžã®é žçŽ ã«ç±æ¥ããåéã®èš ç®å€ã786 ã«ãŠã³ãã æ£èŠååžã®ã³ã³ã㪠ã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«ãã£ãŠ ããŒã¯å€ 110 ã«ãŠã³ã ã®å¯äžãšãªãã åºæ¿ Si ã®æºããã® RMS å€ã 12[counts/ch]ãªã®ã§ããã® 3 åã®ããŒã¯é«ããäž ç¬¬ 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 83 ããã®ã¯ãSiO2 局㧠1.5[nm]ãšãªãããããæ€åºäžéã®äžã€ãšãªãã ïŒïŒïŒ 第ïŒç« ã®ãŸãšã æ¬ç« ã§ã¯ãæ žå ±é³Žåå¿ 16O(α,α)16O ãçšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床æ€åºç³»ã®æ§ç¯ã«ã€ã ãŠè¿°ã¹ããããMCA ã® 1 ãã£ã³ãã«å¹ ã 1.785keV ã®æž¬å®ç³»ãçšããŠãRutherford æ£ä¹±ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠçŽ 20 åã®é žçŽ æ床ã®éžæçå¢åŒ·ãå®èšŒããããSi åºæ¿ä¿¡å·ãšã®å é¢æ¡ä»¶ã«ãã£ãŠæ±ºãŸãé žçŽ æ€åºæ床㯠Si äžã«åœ¢æããã SiO2 èå㧠1.5nm ã§ã ããè¡šé¢è¿åã§ã®æ·±ãå解èœã¯ 30nmã枬å®ç²ŸåºŠã¯ 4%ã§ããã ã» æ žå ±é³Žåå¿æ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ãšã㊠3032keV ã«å ±é³ŽããŒã¯ãæ〠Leavitt ãã®å€ ãæ¡çšãããã ã» è¡šé¢ã«åã 101nm ã® SiO2 å±€ãæ〠Si è©ŠæãçšããŠç §å°ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®èŒæ£ ãè¡ããããïŒ2-2-1 ç¯ïŒçš®ã ã®å çŽ ãå«ãè©Šæã枬å®ããããšã«ãã£ãŠã MCA ãã£ã³ãã«ïŒãšãã«ã®ãŒå€æåŒ(2-2-2 ç¯)ããã³æ€åºåšç«äœè§ãæ±ºå® ïŒ2-2-3-(c)ç¯ïŒãããã ã» è¡šé¢ã«åã 101nm ã® SiO2 å±€ãæ〠Si è©ŠæãçšããŠæž¬å®ãè¡ãããè¡šé¢è¿ åã«ãããé žçŽ ã«å¯Ÿããæ·±ãå解èœã 30[nm]ã§ãããšæ±ºå®ãããïŒ2-3-1 ç¯ïŒã ã» 3032keV ä»è¿ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®ïŒäŸ¡ãããŒãã€ãªã³ 5ÎŒC ãçšããŠãå ¥å°è§ 5 床ãæ£ä¹±è§ 170 床ãåºå°è§ 5 床ã§åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ç²åãæ€åºããå Žåã101nm ã® åããã〠SiO2 èäžã®æ·±ã 5-31nmïŒ18nm ãäžå¿ãšããååŸ 13nm ã«ãã ãé åïŒäžã®é žçŽ éã®æž¬å®èª€å·®ã¯ 4%ã§ãããšæ±ããããã ã» ã¹ããã¿ãªã³ã°ã«ããæ£éžãšã®ç«¶åã§æ±ºãŸãè¡šé¢é žçŽ æ床ã¯ã 1× 1014 [atoms / cm 2 ] ãšèŠç©ããããããŸã Si åºæ¿ã«ç±æ¥ããä¿¡å·ãšã®åé¢ ã«ãã£ãŠæ±ºãŸãæ床㯠SiO2 å±€ã®åãæç®ã§ 1.5[nm]ãšèŠç©ããããã 84 第 2 ç« æ žå ±é³Žåå¿ãå©çšããé žçŽ ã®é«æ床åæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 第 2 ç« ã®åèæç® [1] J.R. 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B, Vol. 15, pp.227-231 (1986). 86 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 第3ç« ç¬¬ïŒç« 匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 87 匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ æ¬ç« ã§ã¯ã匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ãã åºäœè¡šé¢è¿åã®æ°ŽçŽ ã®æ·±ãååžãé«ç²ŸåºŠã«æž¬å®ããããšã¯ãåå°äœè¡šé¢ã®ã ã³ã°ãªã³ã°ãã³ãã®å¶åŸ¡ãæ°ŽçŽ åžèµåéã®æ¹è¯ãªã©å¹ åºãå¿çšåéããã€åºç€ æè¡ã§ãããäœéã€ãªã³ã§è©Šæãã¹ããã¿ãªã³ã°ããïŒæ¬¡ã€ãªã³è³ªéåææ³ ïŒSIMSïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠãè©Šæå šäœã®æ§é ãå£ããã«æž¬å®ããé«ãšãã«ã®ãŒã€ãªã³ã ããŒããçšãã匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã¯ãåºäœè¡šé¢è¿åã®æ°ŽçŽ ã®æ·±ãååžããã é«ç²ŸåºŠã«æž¬å®ããããšãã§ããæ¹æ³ã§ãããšãããç 究ãç¶ããããŠãã[1]ã ããªãŠã ã€ãªã³ããããŒããšããŠçšããå ŽåããããŒãã€ãªã³ã¯è³ªéã®è»œã æ°ŽçŽ ååæ žãšã®è¡çªã«ãã£ãŠåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ãèµ·ãããªãããããã£ãŠæ°ŽçŽ åæã®ã ãã«ã¯ãããŒãããŒã ãè©Šæè¡šé¢æ³ç·ã«å¯ŸããŠå€§ããè§åºŠã§å ¥å°ããè·³ãé£ã° ãããåè·³æ°ŽçŽ èªèº«ãæ€åº[2][3]ããããšã«ãªãããã®å Žåã«åé¡ãšãªãã®ã¯æ°Ž çŽ ä¿¡å·ããã¹ã¯ããããã«é«ãšãã«ã®ãŒåŽã«å€§éã«æ£ä¹±ãããŠãããããŒã〠ãªã³ãšç®çã®æ°ŽçŽ ãšãåé¢ããŠæ€åºããããšã§ãããæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯è¢«æž¬å®è©Šæã ãã®æ°ŽçŽ 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4.003  ï£Î²  ããªãŠã ã€ãªã³ãããŒãã«ãã£ãŠåè·³ãããæ°ŽçŽ ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã E 2 ãšãããšã ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®ä¿åãããE1 + E 2 = E 0 ãªã®ã§ãE 2 = E 0 â E1 = (1 â K ) E 0 ãæãç«ã€ã ããã§ããåè·³ãšãã«ã®ãŒåé ä¿æ°ã K ãã K â¡ 1â K åŒ 3-2-1 ãå®çŸ©ãããšã E 2 = K E 0 ãšè¡šããã æ°ŽçŽ æ€åºã«ãããŠèå³ãããã®ã¯ããªãŠã ã®åæ¹æ£ä¹±è§Îžãš K ã®é¢ä¿ãããã K ãšåè·³è§Ïãšã®é¢ä¿ã§ãããK ãã¡ã¯ã¿ãå°ããã®ãšåæ§ã®è°è«ã«ãã£ãŠã åè·³è§Ïãš K ãšã®é¢ä¿ã¯ã K= 4β cos 2 Ï (1 + β )2 åŒ 3-2-2 ãšäžãããããããªãŠã ã€ãªã³ãããŒãã«å¯Ÿãã K ã®å€ãå³ã«ç€ºãã å³ 3-2-2 æ°ŽçŽ (p)ãéæ°ŽçŽ (d)ãäžéæ°ŽçŽ (t)ããã³ããªãŠã (α)ã«å¯Ÿãã K ãã¡ã¯ã¿ãšåè·³è§Ï 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ ïŒïŒïŒ æ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã® Rutherford ã®å€ããã®ãã 91 æ°ŽçŽ ååæ žã® Rutherford 埮åæ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã«ã€ããŠãåŒ 1-2-2-1 ã®å°åºãšç©çç èæ¯ã¯å šãåãã§ããããã ãã泚æãã¹ãç¹ã¯ãæ£ä¹±è§Îžã§ã¯ãªãåè·³è§Ï ã«é¢ãã埮ååè·³æé¢ç©ã«æžãçŽãå¿ èŠããããšããç¹ãšãæ°ŽçŽ ãšãã®åäœäœ ã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ 1-2-3 ç¯ã§èŠããããªæ žåå¹æãé¡èã§ããããããŒãã§ãã He 〠ãªã³ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã 1MeV ãè¶ ããé åã§ã¯å®éã®åŸ®åæ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã¯ Rutherford ã®å€ããããã[1,4-9]ãšããç¹ã§ããã ïŒåŒ 1-2-2-1ïŒãšåçãªåè·³è§Ïã«ã€ã㊠ã®åŸ®åæ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã®åŒã¯ãCGS éé»åäœç³»ã§ã ÏR (Z Z e (1 + β )) = 2 2 1 2 åŒ 3-3-1 4 E 2 cos 3 Ï ãšè¡šãããããã㧠e 2 = 1.4398 × 10 â13 [ MeV cm] ãçšãããšèšç®ã«äŸ¿å©ã§ããã äžæ¹ãããã He ã€ãªã³ãããŒãã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒãïŒMeV 以äžã®é åã«ãã㊠ã¯ãæ žåå¹æã«ãã£ãŠåŸ®åæ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã¯ Rutherford ã®å€ããå€ãã[1,4-9]ãæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ãHe ã€ãªã³ãããŒãã«å¯Ÿããæ°ŽçŽ ã®æ£ä¹±æé¢ç©ã®å®éšåŒãšããŠãTirira éã®æå±[1]ããŠãããã®ãæ¡çšãããããã¯ã  dÏ H ( E He , Ï )  â1 â2  = A1 E He + A2 + A3 E He log e  + A4 E He  ⊠d ï£ ï£ž åŒ 3-3-2 ã§è¡šããããããããã®åè·³è§Ïã«å¯Ÿããä¿æ° A1ïŒA4 ã¯è¡š 3-3-1 ã®ããã«äžã ãããã è¡š 3-3-1 æ°ŽçŽ åŸ®ååè·³æé¢ç©ã®å®éšåŒã®ä¿æ°[1] Ï (deg) A1 A2 A3 A4 0 0.7651 1.7201 5.6116 -1.7011 5 0.7581 1.7321 5.6302 -1.7148 10 0.7366 1.7716 5.6797 -1.7527 15 0.6994 1.8492 5.7417 -1.8049 20 0.6449 1.9807 5.7890 -1.8568 25 0.5732 2.1840 5.7880 -1.8906 30 0.4779 2.4758 5.7117 -1.8897 35 0.3651 2.8682 5.5349 -1.8408 40 0.2349 3.3687 5.2445 -1.7350 92 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ å³ 3-3-1 ã«åè·³è§ 10,20,30 床ã®å Žåã«ã€ããŠã Tirira éã«ããå®éšåŒ [1] ã Rutherford ã®å€ãšãšãã«ç€ºãã å³ 3-3-1 æ°ŽçŽ ã®åŸ®ååè·³æé¢ç©ã®å®éšåŒãšãRutherford ã®å€ ïŒïŒïŒ æ°ŽçŽ ã«å¯Ÿããé»æ¢èœ 第 2 ç« ã§ã¯ãè©Šæãééããéã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒæžè¡°ã¯ He ã«å¯Ÿ ããé»åé»æ¢æé¢ç©ãšæ žé»æ¢æé¢ç©ã ZBL85 åŒãªã©ã«ãã£ãŠèšç®ããæ¢ç¥ã®è©Š æå¯åºŠããå®éã®ééè·é¢ã«é¢ããéã§ããé»æ¢èœãæ±ãããæ°ŽçŽ ã«å¯Ÿããé» æ¢æé¢ç©ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãé»åé»æ¢æé¢ç©ã¯ He ã®å Žåãšåæ§ ZBL85 åŒïŒ1-3-3 ç¯ã ãã ããæ°ŽçŽ ãšããªãŠã ãšã§ã¯ä¿æ°ã¯ç°ãªãïŒãçšãã10keV 以äžã®ãšãã«ã®ïŒ ã«å¯ŸããŠã¯æ žé»æ¢æé¢ç©ã¯é»åé»æ¢æé¢ç©ã® 0.1%-1%以äžãšå°ããã®ã§ç¡èŠã ãã ïŒïŒïŒ æ°ŽçŽ ã«å¯Ÿãã MCA ãã£ã³ãã«ãšãã«ã®ãŒèŒæ£ ç©è³ªäžã§é»æ¢èœãç°ãªãããã«ãåºäœæ€åºåšã®å¿çãããªãŠã ãšæ°ŽçŽ ãšã§ã¯ ç°ãªãããããã£ãŠãæ°ŽçŽ ã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ã2-2-2 ç¯ã§æ±ããå€ãšã¯å¥ã« MCA ã㣠第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 93 ã³ãã«ïŒãšãã«ã®ãŒã®å€æåŒã決ããå¿ èŠãããã2-2-2 ç¯ã§ããªãŠã ã€ãªã³ã« ã€ããŠè¡ã£ãè©Šæã®åŸæ¹æ£ä¹±æž¬å®ãšåæ§ã®æž¬å®ãæ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ããããŒããšã㊠è¡ããä¿¡å·ã®ç«ã¡äžããäœçœ®ã®ãã£ã³ãã«ãšåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±ãšãã«ã®ãŒKE0 ãšã®é¢ä¿ã æ±ããããšã«ãã£ãŠèŒæ£ããã ïŒå³ 3-5-1ïŒ å³ 3-5-1 æ°ŽçŽ ã«å¯Ÿãã MCA ãã£ã³ãã«ïŒãšãã«ã®ãŒå€æä¿æ° ãã®çµæ(2.002 ± 0.004)MeV ã®æ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ãããŒããçšããåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±è§ 150 床 ã®äœçœ®ã«èšçœ®ãããæ°ŽçŽ æ€åºçšæ€åºåšã«ã€ããŠãMCA ãã£ã³ãã«ãšãšãã«ã®ãŒ 94 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ ãšã®é¢ä¿ãã E ( H )[keV ] = (3.878 ± 0.001) × Ch100 + (173.5 ± 0.58) åŒ 3-5-1 E ( H )[keV ] = (1.816 ± 0.001) × Ch 200 + (108.4 ± 1.0 ) åŒ 3-5-2 ãšæ±ããããã ïŒïŒïŒ Al ç®ã«ããåæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŒããšåè·³æ°ŽçŽ ãšã®åé¢ æ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ãåæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŒããšåè·³æ°ŽçŽ ãšãåé¢ããããã« Al ç®ãå©çšã ãããšãè©Šã¿ããé»æ¢æé¢ç©ããå¯åºŠ 2.702 [g/cm3] = 6.031x1022 [atoms/cm3]ã® Al äžã®ééè·é¢ã 5µmã10µmãããã³ 15µm ã«ãªããšãã«ã®ãŒãæ±ãããšè¡š 3-6-1 ã®ããã«ãªããåãåãã® Al èã«å¯ŸããŠãHe ã®éééŸå€ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¯ H ã®çŽ 4 åå¿ èŠã§ããã è¡š 3-6-1 Al ç®ã«å¯Ÿããæ°ŽçŽ ãšããªãŠã ãšã®éééŸå€ãšãã«ã®ãŒïŒèšç®å€ïŒ 5µm 10µm 15µm He ã®éééŸå€ãšãã«ã®ãŒ 1575keV 2850keV 3880keV H ã®éééŸå€ãšãã«ã®ãŒ 470keV 780keV 1030keV è¡š 3-6-1 ãããããããã«ã5µmã10µmã15µm ã® Al ç®ãå©çšããå Žåã«ã¯ ãããã 1.5MeVã2.8MeVã3.8MeV 以äžã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³ãšãã«ã®ãŒã§æž¬å®ã è¡ãã°åæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŒããé»æ¢ããããšãã§ãããšæåŸ ããããæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ãš ãã«ã®ãŒã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ã®åœ±é¿ãå°ããããããã« 5µm ã® Al ç®ãçšãã1.5MeV ã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³ãšãã«ã®ãŒã§æ°ŽçŽ ãæ€åºããããšãè©Šã¿ããå³ 3-6-1 ã« 1.5MeV ä»è¿ã§å ¥å°ãšãã«ã®ãŒãå€åãããåæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŒãã€ãªã³ãšåè·³æ°ŽçŽ ãšã 5mm åã® Al ç®ã§åé¢å¯èœã§ããããšã確ãããããã®å®éšçµæã瀺ãã å³ 3-6-1 ã®ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã¯ããšãã«ã®ãŒã®ç°ãªã 4He+ãããŒãã€ãªã³ãå ¥å°è§ 80 床ã§æ°ŽçŽ ãå«ãã ææ©é«ååè©Šæ(Kapton200H)ã« 2[µC]ç §å°ïŒç §å°ã¹ãããç åŸ 0.7mmïŒããåè·³è§ 30 床ã®äœçœ®ã«æ€åºåšãèšçœ®ããããšã«ãã£ãŠæž¬å®ãããã è§åºŠèŒæ£ã¯è©Šæå°ã«èšçœ®ããé¡ã«ã¬ãŒã¶å ãç §å°ããããšã«ãã£ãŠè¡ãããã ç §å°ã«äŒŽãè©Šæå€åœ¢ãªã©ã®åœ±é¿ãé¿ããããåã 50[µm]ã®ã«ããã³èãè©Šæãš ããŠçšãããããã«ããã³èã¯æ±ã¬ïŒãã¥ãã³ç€Ÿããå ¥æãããè©Šæã«ã€ã㊠ã¯ã枬å®ã«åœãã£ãŠæŽæµçã®åŠçã¯ç¹ã«è¡ããã10-5[Pa]çšåºŠã«ä¿ãããç空槜 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 95 ã« 20 æé眮ããåŸæž¬å®ãè¡ããããAl ç®ã¯å·éå§å»¶ã«ãã£ãŠè£œé ãããåŸã¢ã ãŒã«åŠçããããã®ãè³Œå ¥ããŠïŒ(æ ª)ãã©ã³ïŒãæ€åºåšãšè©Šæãšã®éã«èšçœ®ããã 販売è ã«ããå ¬ç§°å㯠5Ό1.25ÎŒïœã§ããã枬å®ã¯ã¹ãã¯ãã«æž¬å®çšå¢å¹ åš ã®å©åŸã®ç²ã¬ã³ãž 200ïŒïŒïŒïŒç¯åç §ïŒã§è¡ãããããå³ã§ã¯ MCA ã® 10 ã㣠ã³ãã«åã 1 ãã£ã³ãã«ã«ãŸãšããŠè¡šç€ºãããŠãããããªãã¡ãšãã«ã®ãŒå¹ 㯠10 åã® 18.16[keV/ch]ã«ãªãããã«ç²èŠåãããŠããã å³ 3-6-1 5µm åã®ã¢ã«ãç®ã«ãã He ãš H ãšã®åé¢ ãããŒãã€ãªã³ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã 1309[keV]ã1507[keV]ã1704[keV]ã2475[keV] ãšå¢å ãããŠãããšã1704[keV]ã§è©Šæäžã®é žçŽ ååæ žãªã©ã«ãã£ãŠ 30 床ã®äœçœ® ã«åæ¹æ£ä¹±ããã He ãããŒãã Al ç®ãééããŠäœãšãã«ã®ãŒåŽã«æ€åºãã㯠ãããã®ãèŠããã2475[keV]ã«ãããŠã¯ãæ°ŽçŽ ã®ä¿¡å·ã¯åæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŒãã®ä¿¡ å·ã«èŠãé ãããŠããŸãã å ¥å°è§ 80 床ãåè·³è§ 30 床ã®æ¡ä»¶ã«ãããæ°ŽçŽ ä¿¡å·ã®ç«ã¡äžãããšãã«ã®ãŒ ãã Al ç®ã®å¹³ååãã 4.4[µm] (å¯åºŠ 2.702[g/cm3]æç®)ãšæ±ºå®ãããæ°ŽçŽ ä¿¡å·ã® ç«ã¡äžããã®åŸããã E0=1.507[keV]ã«å¯Ÿãããšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœã¯è©Šæè¡šé¢ã§ 84[keV](FWHM)ãšæ±ºå®ãããã ïŒè¡š 3-6-2ïŒãã㧠Al ç®ã«å¯Ÿããåãã®èŠç©ãã ããšãã«ã®ãŒã«ãã£ãŠå°ããã€ç³»çµ±çã«ç°ãªã£ãŠããçç±ã¯ãMCA ãã£ã³ãã« 96 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ ïŒãšãã«ã®ãŒå€æåŒãšé»æ¢èœèšç®åŒã®ç³»çµ±èª€å·®ãåæ ãããã®ã§ Al ç®ã«å¯Ÿã㊠3-4%ã®èåèŠç©ãã誀差ãšãªã£ãŠããããŸã 2-2-3 ç¯ã§è«ãããã®ãšåæ§ã®èšç® ãè¡ããšãæ°ŽçŽ ä¿¡å·ã®é«ãããã¿ããã®æ€åºåšç«äœè§ã 2.55[msr]ãšæ±ããããã è¡š 3-6-2 å³ 3-6-1 ã«ç€ºããããŒã¿ããèšç®ããã Al ç®ã®èå(4.43[µm])ãš è¡šé¢ãšãã«ã®ãŒåè§£èœ K (30deg)=0.48202;E[keV]=18.16*Ch+108.4;åºå°è§åºãã 1.9 床(RMS) 1ïŒæž¬å®å€ïŒ E0[keV] 1309[keV] 1507[keV] 1704[keV] 2 ( K ãš(1)ãšã®ç©) 3ïŒæž¬å®å€ïŒ K E 0 [keV] 631.0 726.4 821.4 æ°ŽçŽ ä¿¡å· ãšããž[ch] 11.32 ±0.06 18.42 ±0.08 25.60 ±0.10 æ°ŽçŽ ä¿¡å· ãšããž[keV] 314.0 ±1 317.0 ±1 442.9 ±1.5 283.5 ±1.5 573.3 ±1.8 248.1 ±1.8 4.49 4.47 4.29 92 91 87 0.77 0.80 0.84 71 73 73 4.9 ±0.2 4.6 ±0.2 4.4 ±0.3 89 ±4 84 ±4 80 ±5 38 36 34 37 35 32 ïŒã¹ãã¯ãã«ãæ°å€åŸ®åããŠæ£ èŠååžåœãŠã¯ãã«ãã決å®ïŒ 4ïŒæž¬å®å€ããåŒ 3-5-2 ã§èš ç®ïŒ 5((2)ãš(4)ãšã®å·®) Al ç®äžã®ãšãã« ã®ãŒæžè¡°[keV] 6 ((2)(5)ããã³ ZBL85 ãªã© ããèšç®) Al ç®ã®èå[µm] å¹³åå€ 4.43[µm] 7((6)ãšåŒ 1-3-5-1 ããèšç®) Al ç®äžã® Bohr ã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã° (RMS)2[keV2] Al ã«å¯Ÿãã Chu è£æ£ä¿æ° 8ïŒå³ 1-3-5 ã®ããŒã¿ã® 3 次ã¹ã ã©ã€ã³è£éïŒ 9(7 ãš 8 ãšã®ç©) Chu-Bohr ã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã° 10ïŒæž¬å®å€ïŒ (RMS)2[keV2] æ°ŽçŽ ä¿¡å· ç«ã¡äžããå¹ ïŒFWHMïŒ[ch] 11ïŒæž¬å®å€ 10 ããåŒ 3-5-2 ã§èšç®ïŒ æ°ŽçŽ ä¿¡å· ç«ã¡äžããå¹ 12ïŒ11 ãå€æïŒ æ°ŽçŽ ä¿¡å· ç«ã¡äžããå¹ ïŒFWHMïŒ[keV] ïŒRMSïŒ[keV] 13 ããŒã åºãã 1[keV](RMS); æ€ åº åš å 解 èœ 12[keV](FWHM)=5.1[keV](RMS) ãšããŠç®åº ãã®ä»ã®èª€å·® ïŒäž»ã«å¹ŸäœåŠèª€å·® ãš Al åã®äžåäžèª€ å·®ãšã®åïŒ ïŒRMSïŒ[keV] 第3ç« 97 匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ è¡šé¢ã§ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒåè§£èœ 84[keV](FWHM)ïŒE0=1507[keV]ã®å ŽåïŒã¯åŸæ¹æ£ ä¹±æ³ã®å Žåã®å解èœïŒ13[keV](FWHM)çšåºŠïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠæ°å以äžç²ãããã®çç± ã¯ã (1) åè·³æ°ŽçŽ ã Al ç®ãééããéã®é»åãšãã«ã®ãŒæ倱ã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã° (2) Al ç®ã®åãã®äžåäž (3) å ¥å°è§ã倧ããããšã«ããç §å°ã¹ãããã®æ¡å€§ã«ããè§åºŠèª€å·®ã®å¢å€§ ã®ïŒã€ã«ãããè©Šæè¡šé¢ã«å¯Ÿããç·åãšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœã® RMS å€ãΩTotalãã㌠ã ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®æºãããΩBeamãæ€åºåšãšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœã® RMS å€ãΩDetectorã Al ç®äžã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ãΩFoilStragglingãAl ç®åãã®äžåäžã«ãããš ãã«ã®ãŒåºãããΩFoilThicknessãããŒã ç §å°ã¹ããããµã€ãºãšæ€åºåšã®å€§ããã«èµ· å ãã幟äœåŠçãªãšãã«ã®ãŒåºãããΩGeometry ãšæžããç¬ç«ãªç¢ºçå€æ°ã®æºãã ã®å æ³æ§ãæãç«ã€ãšãããšããã®ä»ã®èŠçŽ ãããšãã°è©Šæååæ žã®ç±éåã« ãããããã©ãŒå¹æ㯠10eV ã®ãªãŒããŒã§ããããç¡èŠã§ããã®ã§ã (⊠Total )2 = (⊠Beam )2 + (⊠Detector )2 + (⊠FoilStraggling )2 + (⊠FoilThickness )2 + (⊠Geometry )2 åŒ 3-6-1 ãšæžãããE0=1507[keV]ã®å ŽåãΩTotal=36[keV]ã§ãã£ããããΩBeam=1[keV]ã ΩDetector=5.1[keV], ΩFoilStraggling= 73 [keV]ãä»£å ¥ãããšã ((⊠FoilThickness )2 + (⊠Geometry )2 ) = (36)2 â  (1)2 + (5.1)2 + ( ï£ ) 2 73  = 35 2 [keV 2 ]  ãšãªãããšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœã«å¯ŸããŠã¢ã«ãã®èåäžåäžæ§ãšå¹ŸäœåŠèª€å·®ã®å¯äž ã倧ãããšããããšãäºæ³ã§ããã æ°ŽçŽ æž¬å®ã®æ·±ãå解èœã¯ã2-3-1 ç¯ã®è°è«ã«æ²¿ã£ãŠèšç®ããã°ããããã ãã K ã®ä»£ããã« K ãé»æ¢èœã®å¹³åå€ SIn ã¯ãããŒãã€ãªã³ã§ããããªãŠã ã«å¯Ÿã㊠è©äŸ¡ããSOut ã¯åè·³ç²åã§ããæ°ŽçŽ ã«ã€ããŠè©äŸ¡ããªããã°ãªããªããMCA1ch ã«çžåœãã Kapton è©Šæã®åã Ï 0 ãèšç®ããŠãããã ïŒåŒ 2-2-3-(b)-6ïŒãããÏ 0 ã¯ã Ï0 = W  K â S In (He ) S Out (H )     cos(α ) + cos(β )   ï£ = 18.16 × 10 3 = 23.44[nm]  0.4820 â 236.2 40.70  +   0.1736 0.3420  ï£ ïŒåŒ 3-6-2ïŒ ãšæ±ãããããããã§å ¥å°è§Î±ã¯ 80 床ãåºå°è§Î²ã¯ 70 床ã§ãããé»æ¢èœã®è© 98 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 䟡ãè©Šæè¡šé¢ã®å€ã§è¡ãïŒè¡šé¢è¿äŒŒïŒãSIn=S(He,E0), SOut=S(H, K E0)ãšããå¯åºŠ N(C22H10N2O5)=1.42[g/cm3]=8.72x1022[atoms/cm3]ã® Kapton å±€ã®é»æ¢èœããBragg å ïŒ 1-3-2 ç¯ ïŒ ã å© çš ã ㊠S(He,E0)=236.2[eV/nm] ïŒ E0=1507keV ïŒã S(H, K E0)=40.70[eV/nm]ãšããããšãã«ã®ãŒåè§£èœ 84[keV](FWHM)ã¯ãã£ã³ãã« å¹ ã§ãããšã4.6[ch]ãRMS å€ã§ãã 36[keV]ã¯ãã£ã³ãã«å¹ ã§ãããš 2.0[ch]ã§ã ãããããã£ãŠãè¡šé¢ã«ãããæ·±ãåè§£èœ ât ã¯ã ât = 4.6 × Ï 0 = 110[nm] åŒ 3-6-3 ãšãªããå³ 3-6-2 ã« Kapton è©Šæã®è¡šé¢ãã 110[nm]ã®éšåã«ç±æ¥ããæ°ŽçŽ ã®å¯äž ãšã110[nm]-220[nm]ã®éšåã«ç±æ¥ããæ°ŽçŽ ã®å¯äžã®èšç®å€ã瀺ãã å³ 3-6-2 Kapton è©Šæã® 0-110[nm]ããã³ã110-220[nm]ã®éšåããã®æ°ŽçŽ å¯äžïŒèšç®å€ïŒãšå®éšã¹ãã¯ãã«ãE0=1507[keV]ãå ¥å°è§ 80 床ãåè·³è§ 30 床 ïŒïŒïŒ 幟äœåŠçãšãã«ã®ãŒåºããã®æŠç® 幟äœåŠçãšãã«ã®ãŒåºããã®èŠç©ããã®åŒã Szilágyi ã[10]ã«ãã£ãŠäžããã㊠ãããåºå°è§Î²ã®çµ±èšçãªåæ£ (âβ ) ã¯ã次ã®åŒã§èŠç©ããããã 2 (âβ ) 2 2  g w   g d cos β   =  d  +  b ï£ Lout  ï£ Lout cos α  2 åŒ 3-7-1 第3ç« 99 匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ ããã§ãgd ãã㌠gb ã¯æ€åºåšã®åœ¢ç¶ããã³å ¥å°ããŒã ã®åœ¢ç¶ã«ãã£ãŠæ±ºãŸã幟 äœåŠå åã§ãããããŒã 匷床ãäžæ§ååžããåæ±ç¶ããŒã ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãgd = gb =0.59 ãšãªããLout ã¯è©Šæãšæ€åºåšãšã®è·é¢ãw ã¯æ€åºåšã®æå¹éå£åŸãããã³ d ã¯ç §å°ã¹ãããã®å€§ããïŒåçŽå ¥å°ã§ã®ã¹ãããåŸïŒç軞åŸïŒã§ãããããã ã Lout =158[mm]ãw=9[mm]ãd=0.7[mm]ã§ããããããã®å€ãä»£å ¥ãããšã (âβ )  0.59 × 9   0.59 × 0.7 cos(70 deg )   = 0.0012 =  +  ï£ 158  ï£ 158 cos(80 deg )  2 2 2 ãšãªãã âβ = 0.0012 × 180 Ï = 1.9[deg] ãšèŠç©ãããããå³ 3-7-1 ã«Îβã®å ¥å°è§ αããã³åè·³è§ÏäŸåæ§ã瀺ããå ¥å°è§ã倧ãããªããšç §å°ã¹ããããµã€ãºã¯ 倧ãããªãïŒå³ 3-8-1 åç §ïŒããåºå°è§Î²ã倧ãããšæ€åºåšããã¿ãç §å°ã¹ãã ããµã€ãºã¯å€§ãããªããªããå ¥å°è§ã 80 床以äžã§ã¯æ€åºåšã®ç«äœè§ã§æ±ºãŸã 1.9 床ä»è¿ã®å€ã§ããã»ãšãã©å€åããªããå³ã¡å¹ŸäœåŠçãšãã«ã®ãŒåºãããå°ã ãããã«ã¯æ€åºåšã®ç«äœè§ãå¶éããããšãå¹æçã§ãããšãããã å³ 3-7-1 å ¥å°è§Î±ãåè·³è§Ïã«å¯Ÿããåºå°è§ã®çµ±èšçåºããÎβ æ¬ç 究ã§çšãã枬å®ç³»ã§ã¯ãåè·³è§ÏãšÎ±ãβãšã®éã«ã Ï[deg] = 180[deg] â (α + β ) ã®é¢ä¿ããããããβã±Îβã®ååžãæã€ããšã«ãã£ãŠãåè·³è§Ïã® RMS æº 100 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ ããã±Îβã«ãªããã³ãªã¡ãŒã¿åŸ 0.5[mm]ãç §å°ã¹ãããåŸ 0.7[mm]ãããã³ã ã³ ãª ã¡ ãŒ ã¿ ïŒ è©Š æ å° è· é¢ 300[mm] ã ã ã ã ㌠ã çº æ£ è§ ã¯ ã  0.35 â 0.25  arctan  †0.02[deg .] ãšèŠç©ããããããβã®åºããã«æ¯ã¹ãŠå°ããã 300 ï£ ï£ž ãç¡èŠããŠããã ããçšåºŠã®å€§ãããæã€æ€åºåšã¯åè·³è§ã«ããçšåºŠã®åºããã蚱容ãããã ã®ããŒã è§åºŠã®åºãã㯠K ãéãã§ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®åºãããšãªãã K (30) = 0.4820 ïŒ K (28.1) = 0.5001 ïŒ K (31.9) = 0.4632 ã§ããããã E0=1.507[keV] ã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³ããŒã ã«å¯ŸããŠãè©Šæè¡šé¢ããã®åè·³æ°ŽçŽ ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã¯ã (726.4±28)[keV]çšåºŠã®åºãããæã£ãŠãããè§åºŠåºããã¯å°ããã®ã§ãã¢ã«ã ç®ãééããéã«å€±ããšãã«ã®ãŒã«è§åºŠã®å·®ããªããã®ãšè¿äŒŒãããšãæ€åºã ããç²åã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã® RMS æºããã« 28[keV]ã®å¯äžãšããŠçŸãããšèããã ãã åç¯ã§ããã®ä»ãã®èª€å·®ã 35[keV]ïŒRMSïŒãšããã®ã§ãç®ã®èåäžåäžæ§ã« ããæºããã®å¯äžã¯ 21[keV](RMS)ãšèšç®ãããã442.9[keV]ã®æ°ŽçŽ ã«å¯Ÿãã Al ç®ã®é»æ¢èœã¯ 72[keV/µm]ãšèšç®ãããã®ã§ãåãæç®ãããš 290[nm]ãšããããš ã«ãªããããªãã¡ãã€ãªã³ããŒã ç §å°ã»ééå®éšã«ãã£ãŠèŠç©ããããã¢ã«ã ç®ã®åãã®äžåäžæ§ã¯±0.3[µm]ãšãªãã ïŒïŒïŒ æ€åºåšã®ç«äœè§ æ°ŽçŽ æ€åºã«çšããããæ€åºåšã®èŠããã®éå£åŸã¯ 10[mm]ãè©Šæå°äžå¿ãšæ€åº åšéã®è·é¢ã¯ 158[mm]ã§ããããã幟äœåŠçãªç«äœè§ã®å€ã¯ã3.2[msr]ã§ããïŒè¡š 2-2-3-1ïŒãåŸã£ãŠååå°ããªç §å°ã¹ããããèŠèŸŒãæ€åºåšã®å®éã®ç«äœè§ã¯ãã® å€ã® 80%çšåºŠïŒå®åŸã«å¯Ÿããæå¹åŸã®æ¯çã®éåžžã®å€ 90%ã®ïŒä¹ïŒã® 2.6[msr] çšåºŠã§ãããšæãããå®éã«ïŒïŒïŒç¯ã§ã¯ 2.55[msr]ãåŸãããŠããããšãããã åå°åé 眮ã®æ°ŽçŽ æ€åºã§ã¯ãè©Šææ³ç·ãšå ¥å°ããŒã ã®ãªãå ¥å°è§ã倧ãããç § å°ã¹ãããã®åœ¢ç¶ã¯ç©ºéçã«å€§ããåºãã£ãæ¥åïŒå³ 3-8-1ïŒãšãªãããã«æž¬å® æ¡ä»¶ã«ãã£ãŠèŠããã®ç«äœè§ãå€åããããŸãè©Šæå°ãŽããªã¡ãŒã¿ã®å転äžå¿ ãšãæ€åºåšã®å転äžå¿ãäžèŽããŠããªãå Žåã«ã¯ãæ€åºåšã®å転ã«ãã£ãŠæ€åº é¢ãç §å°ã¹ãããäžå¿ã«æ£å¯Ÿããªãããã«æ€åºåšã®ç«äœè§ãå€åãããæ¬ç 究 ã§ã¯æšæºè©Šæã«ã€ããŠæ°ŽçŽ 枬å®ãè¡ããå ¥å°è§ãåè·³è§ã®çµã«å¯ŸããŠèŠãã㮠第3ç« 101 匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ ç«äœè§Î©*ãå®ããŠäœ¿çšããã å³ 3-8-1 ç §å°ã¹ããã圢ç¶ã® å ¥å°è§äŸåæ§ã å³ã§ã¯ 0.5[mm]åŸïŒå®é ã«ã¯ 0.7[mm]ãªã®ã§æ³šæ ãå¿ èŠã§ããïŒã®ç §å°ã¹ ãããã«ã€ããŠåœ¢ç¶ã®å€ åãš 1 䟡ã€ãªã³ 1[µC]åœã ãã®ç §å°ãã«ãŒãšã³ã¹ã® å€åãšã瀺ããã å³ 3-8-2 æ°ŽçŽ ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®å ¥å°è§äŸåæ§ 102 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ å³ 3-8-2 ã«æ°ŽçŽ ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®å ¥å°è§äŸåæ§ã瀺ããã¹ãã¯ãã«ã¯ãå³ 3-6-1 ãš åã Kapton è©Šæã«å¯ŸããŠãæ€åºåšãåè·³è§ÏïŒ30 床ã®äœçœ®ã«åºå®ããè©Šææ³ç· ãšå ¥å°ããŒã ã®ãªãå ¥å°è§Î±ã 65 床ãã 85 床ã®ç¯å²ã§å€åãããŠåŸãããã ã®ã§ãããç §å°ã€ãªã³ã¯ 4He+ã§ãããç §å°é㯠2[µC]ã§ãã£ããç §å°ã¹ããã㮠圢ç¶ã¯ç軞 0.7mmãé·è»ž 0.7 mm ã®æ¥åã§ãããç §å°ãã«ãŒãšã³ã¹ã¯å ¥å°è§ cos(α ) ã«ãã£ãŠç°ãªãã瞊軞ã¯ãã£ã³ãã«åœããã®åéã γ cos(α ) ã§èŠæ Œåããæ°ŽçŽ å éã§ããã暪軞ã¯å³ 3-6-1 ãšåæ§ã§ãããMCA ãã£ã³ãã«ã«ã€ããŠã¯ 10 ãã£ã³ ãã«åããŸãšããŠç²èŠåããŠããã ããã§ç«äœè§è£æ£ä¿æ°Î³ã¯ãæ°ŽçŽ ã®ç©åã«ãŠã³ããαïŒ80 床ã®å Žåãåºæºãš ããŠåäžã«ãªãããã«å®éšçã«æ±ºããä¿æ°ã§ãããαã 65 床ã®å Žåã«ã¯Î³ïŒ0 ã§ããæ°ŽçŽ ãæ€åºãããªãã®ã§å³ 3-8-2 ã«ã¯è¡šç€ºãããŠããªãããã®çç±ã¯ãα ã 65 床ã®ãšããåºå°è§Î²ïŒ180-(30+65)=85 床ã§ãã£ãŠ 90 床ã«è¿ãããã«æ€åºåš ãè©Šæå°ã®æ¯ææ©æ§ã®é°ã«é ããŠããŸãããã§ãããå ¥å°è§ 70 床ã®å Žåãåæ§ ã§ãããã€ãŸããæ¬ç 究ã§çšãã枬å®ç³»ç¹æã®äºæ ã§ã90 â β [deg] ⥠15 ã§ãªããš ç«äœè§ã®å¶éãåãããè¡š 3-8-1 ã«åè·³è§ 30 床ã®å Žåã®ç«äœè§è£æ£ä¿æ°Î³ãšèŠ ããã®ç«äœè§Î©*ã®å ¥å°è§äŸåæ§ããŸãšããã è¡š 3-8-1 åè·³è§ 30 床ã®å Žåã®ç«äœè§è£æ£ä¿æ°Î³ãšèŠãã ã®ç«äœè§Î©*ã®å ¥å°è§äŸåæ§ å ¥å°è§ åºå°è§ âβ [床] [床] [床] 65 85 70 γ Ω*[msr] 1.9 0 0 80 1.9 0.564 1.44 75 75 1.9 1.13 2.88 80 70 1.9 1.00 2.55 85 65 2.1 0.652 1.66 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 103 å³ 3-8-3 ã«å ¥å°è§ 80 床ã®å Žåã®åè·³è§äŸåæ§ã瀺ããå®éšæ¡ä»¶ã¯ãå³ 3-8-2 ãšåæ§ã§ãããå ¥å°è§ã 80 床ã«åºå®ããŠãåè·³è§Ïãå€åããããã®ã§ããã Ïã 20 床ãã 45 床ãŸã§ 5 床ééã§å¢å ãããŠãããšã K ãã¡ã¯ã¿ã®å€åãšãš ãã«ãæ°ŽçŽ ä¿¡å·ã®ç«ã¡äžããäœçœ®ãäœãšãã«ã®ãŒåŽã«ã·ããããŠããã®ãèŠã ããÏ=45°ã§ã¯å€§éšåã®æ°ŽçŽ ã Al ç®ãééã§ããªãããŸããÏã®å¢å ãšãšã ã«åè·³æé¢ç©ã®å€åã«ãããã¹ãã¯ãã«é«ããããªãã¡æ°ŽçŽ ã«å¯Ÿããæ床ãå¢ å ããŠããã®ãèŠããããÏïŒ20°ãšÏ=30°ã§ã¯ãã£ã³ãã«åœããã®æ°ŽçŽ åé ã 2 å以äžç°ãªãã1.5MeV ã®ãããŒãã€ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠã埮ååè·³æé¢ç©ã¯ãã ã»ã©å€§ããéããªããããÏ=20°ã§ã¯ç«äœè§ãå°ãããªã£ãŠããããã®çç±ã¯ã å ¥å°è§ 80 床ãåè·³è§ 20 床ã®ãšãåºå°è§Î²ã¯ 80 床ã§ãããè©Šæå¹³é¢ãšã®éã 10 床ãããªãããã®ããã«ãè©Šæå°æ¯ææ©æ§ã®é°ã«ãªãç«äœè§ãå¶éãããŠãã ããã§ããããã®ãšããΩïŒïŒ1.4[msr]ã§ãããç«äœè§ãå¶éãããçµæãåŒ 3-7-1 ã«ããã w ãå°ãããªãããã«è¡šé¢ã®å解èœã 84[keV ãã 71[keV]ãšãããªã£ ãŠããã å³ 3-8-3 å ¥å°è§ 80 床ã®å Žåã®åè·³è§ïŒÏïŒ20ïœ45 床ïŒäŸåæ§ 104 第3ç« è¡š 3-8-2 匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ åè·³è§Ïãå€åãããå Žåã®ç«äœè§è£æ£ä¿æ°Î³ ãšèŠããã®ç«äœè§Î©* Ï å ¥å°è§ [床] åºå°è§ [床] [床] 80 80 80 γ Ω*[msr] ÎEïŒFWHMïŒ 20 0.56 1.44 71 75 25 1.0 2.55 84 80 70 30 1.0 2.55 84 80 65 35 1.13 2.88 84 80 60 40 1.29 3.3 100 [keV] åè·³è§ 40 床ã§ã¯Î©ã 3.3[msr]ãšå¹ŸäœåŠçãªç«äœè§ããã倧ãããªããåè§£èœ ã 100keV çšåºŠã«æªåããŠãããããã¯åè·³è§ã倧ããããŠãã£ãããšã«ããã æ€åºåšããèŠãç §å°ã¹ããããµã€ãºãåºãããÎβã倧ãããªã(å³ 3-7-1)ããš ã®å¹æïŒå³ 3-8-4ïŒã§ãããšè§£éã§ããã å³ 3-8-4 ç §å°ã¹ããããµã€ãºå¢å ã«ã ãèŠããã®ç«äœè§ Ω * ã®å¢å ãš å解èœã® æªå ïŒïŒïŒ 第ïŒç« ã®ãŸãšã æ¬ç« ã§ã¯ 4He ã€ãªã³ãããŒãã«ãã匟æ§åè·³æ£ä¹±ãå©çšããæ°ŽçŽ æž¬å®ç³»ãæ§ ç¯ãããã被枬å®è©Šæããã®æ°ŽçŽ ãšåæ¹æ£ä¹±ãããŒããšãåé¢ããããã«éå± ç®ã«å¯Ÿããééæ§ã®éããå©çšããããåé¢èã®èåããããŒãç §å°æ¡ä»¶ã®æ€ 第3ç« åŒŸæ§åè·³æ£ä¹±åææ³ã«ããæ°ŽçŽ ååžåæç³»ã®æ§ç¯ 105 èšãè¡ãããæ°ŽçŽ ãããŒãåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±æ³ã«ãã£ãŠãæ€åºåšã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒå¿çãèŒ æ£ããæç®ã«ããéã©ã¶ãã©ãŒãåè·³æé¢ç©ã®è£æ£åŒãå©çšããŠå®éçãªåè·³ æ°ŽçŽ èšæž¬ç³»ãæ§ç¯ããæ°ŽçŽ ã®æ·±ãååžãå®éããããšã«æåããã E0=1507[keV]ã® 4He+ãããŒããçŽåŸ 0.5[mm]ã®ã³ãªã¡ãŒã¿ïŒè©Šæäžã§ 0.7[mm] ã®ç §å°ã¹ãããçåŸïŒãçšããŠå ¥å°è§ 80 床㧠Kapton è©Šæã«ç §å°ããåè·³æ°ŽçŽ ãåè·³è§ 30 床ã®äœçœ®ã«çœ®ããã 2.55[msr]ã®æ€åºåšã§æ€åºããå Žåãæ¬ç 究ã§æ§ ç¯ãã枬å®ç³»ã®å®èšŒè¡šé¢ãšãã«ã®ãŒå解èœã¯ 84[keV](FWHM)ïŒ3-6 ç¯ïŒã§ããã æ·±ãå解èœã¯ Kapton æç®ã§ 110[nm]ïŒåŒ 3-6-3ïŒã§ããã1 䟡ã€ãªã³ã®ç §å°ã㌠ãºé 2[µC](å ¥å°è§ 30 床ãç §å°ã¹ãããçåŸ 0.7mmãé·åŸ 4mm)ã§ãMCA ã®ãšã ã«ã®ãŒå¹ ã 18.16[keV]ã®ãšããKapton è©Šæãã 1ch ããã 2500 ã«ãŠã³ãçšåºŠã® æ°ŽçŽ åéããã(å³ 3-8-3)ãçµ±èšçæºããã®å€§ããã§æž¬å®ç²ŸåºŠãè©äŸ¡ãããš MCA ïŒãã£ã³ãã«åœããïŒïŒ ã«çžåœããã110[nm]ã«ãããé åããã®ç©åã«ãŠã³ã 㯠10000 ã«ãŠã³ããè¶ ããçµ±èšçæºããã®å€§ãã㯠1%æªæºãšãªããå解èœãå¶ éããèŠçŽ ã®ãã¡å€§ããªãã®ã¯ãAl ç®ã«ããããšãã«ã®ãŒã¹ãã©ã°ãªã³ã°ïŒè¡š 3-6-2ïŒãšæ€åºåšç«äœè§ã§æ±ºãŸã幟äœåŠçãšãã«ã®ãŒåºããïŒ3-7 ç¯ïŒã§ãããæ€ åºåšç«äœè§ãå¶éããããšã«ãã£ãŠæž¬å®æ床ãç ç²ã«ããŠå解èœãæ¹åããã ãšãã§ããã 第 3 ç« ã®åèæç® [1]J. 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B,Vol. 100, pp. 103-121(1995). 第ïŒéšâæ¬ç 究ã§æ§ç¯ãããåæ系㮠ææç§åŠãžã®å¿çš 108 第 4 ç« é žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœäžã®é žçŽ ããã³æ°ŽçŽ åæãžã®å¿çš 第 4 ç« é žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœäžã®é žçŽ ããã³æ°ŽçŽ åæãžã®å¿çš 第ïŒç« 109 é žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœäžã®é žçŽ ããã³æ°ŽçŽ åæãžã®å¿çš æ¬ç 究ã§æ§ç¯ãããé žçŽ ããã³æ°ŽçŽ åæã·ã¹ãã ã®å¿çšãšããŠãé žåç©åŒ·èª é»äœææäžã®é žçŽ ããã³æ°ŽçŽ å®éãè©Šã¿ããé žåç©ã»ã©ãã¯ã¹çµæ¶ææã«ã¯é« æž©è¶ äŒå°èãã¯ãããããšãŸã¢ã¯ãã¥ãšãŒã¿ãªã©å¹ åºãå¿çšè£œåãé¢é£åéã ãã€ææãå€æ°ååšããããææã«ã€ããŠè£œæ³ãè©äŸ¡æ³ã«ãã¬ãŒã¯ã¹ã«ãŒãèµ· ãããšãå¹ åºãåéã«ãã®åœ±é¿ãæ³¢åãã[1]ããã®äžã§ããã¿ã³é žãžã«ã³ã³é ž é (PZT: Lead Zirconate Titanate) ã ã¿ ã³ ã¿ ã« é ž ã¹ ã ã ã³ ã ㊠ã ã ã¹ ã ã¹ (SBT:Strontium Bismuth Tantalate)ã¯è¿å¹Žäžæ®çºæ§èšæ¶ããã€ã¹çšææãšããŠç¹ã« 泚ç®ãéããŠãã[2-4]ããããé žåç©å€çµæ¶èã®åŒ·èªé»äœãšããŠã®æ§è³ªã¯ãçµ æ¶æ Œåäžã®ã€ãªã³ã®ç©ºéçãªå€äœã«ãã£ãŠçããé»æ°å極åã¢ãŒã¡ã³ãã®éå£ ã§ããå極ãã¡ã€ã³ã®æ¯ãèãã«åºã¥ããåŸã£ãŠã匷èªé»äœãšããŠã®ç¹æ§ã¯çµ æ¶äžã®ã€ãªã³ã®å€äœã«åœ±é¿ãäžããæ Œåæ¬ é¥ãæ Œåæªããµã€ã眮æãå極ãã¡ ã€ã³å£ã®ç§»åãªã©ã«ãã£ãŠåœ±é¿ãåãããããæãŸããæ§è³ªã®èèãåŸããã ã«ãé žçŽ éã®æ¬ æããæ°ŽçŽ ã«ããé žåç©ã®éå ãäžçŽç©éãªã©ã«ã€ããŠã®æ å ± ãæçšã§ããã æ¬ç 究ã§æ§ç¯ãããåæç³»ã®å¿çšå¯Ÿè±¡ãšããŠé žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœææãéžã°ãã çç±ã¯ã ã» éå°é»ææã§ãããé»è·èç©ã®åœ±é¿ãåãã«ãããšããåææ³ã®ç¹æ§ã 掻ãããã㚠㻠匷èªé»ç¹æ§ãé žçŽ æ¬ æã«ææã§ããããš ã» æ°ŽçŽ éå åé¡ãããããš ã» ç¹æ§ã«äžçŽç©ïŒåäœäœïŒçœ®æå¹æãããããš ã§ãããããã®ã»ãã«ã ã» äžæ®çºæ§åŒ·èªé»äœã¡ã¢ãªã®é«æ§èœåã«å¯Ÿãã瀟äŒçãªèŠè« ãšããçç±ããããæ¬ç« ã§ã¯ãé«éãäœæ¶è²»é»åã§ãã匷èªé»äœäžæ®çºæ§ã¡ã¢ ãªã®ç¹æ§ãšå¿çšã«ã€ããŠæŠèŠ³ããåŸãæ¬ç 究ã®äž»é¡ã§ãã匷èªé»äœäžã®é žçŽ ã ãã³æ°ŽçŽ å®éã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ãããã 第 4 ç« é žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœäžã®é žçŽ ããã³æ°ŽçŽ åæãžã®å¿çš 110 ïŒïŒïŒ 匷èªé»äœäžæ®çºæ§ã¡ã¢ãª é žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœææã®å¿çšã«ã€ããŠãç¹ã«ç€ŸäŒç圱é¿ã倧ãããè¿å¹Žæ³šç®ã ããåéã®äžã€ã匷èªé»äœäžæ®çºæ§ã¡ã¢ãªã§ãããæ¬ç¯ã§ã¯ãæ¬ç« ã®äž»é¡ã§ã ãææåæã«ã€ããŠè«ããåã«ã匷èªé»äœäžæ®çºæ§ã¡ã¢ãªããã€ã¹ãšãã®å¿çš ã«ã€ããŠæŠèŠ³ããŠããããã 4-1-1 匷èªé»äœäžæ®çºæ§ã¡ã¢ãªã®ç¹åŸŽ âé«éãé å¥ãäœæ¶è²»é»åãé·å¯¿åœãªåºäœäžæ®çºã¡ã¢ãªããã€ã¹ è¿ å¹Ž å® çš å ã ã 〠〠ã ã 匷 èª é» äœ äž æ® çº æ§ ã¡ ã¢ ãª (FeRAM: Ferroelectric Random Access Memory)ãšã¯ãçµæ¶äžã®ã€ãªã³ã®å€äœã«ããé»æ°å極åã¢ãŒã¡ã³ ãã®å€åïŒå®éã«ã¯å極ãã¡ã€ã³ã®èªé»å極ïŒãæ å ±èšé²ã«å©çšããããšãã ãã®ã§ãããã¡ã¢ãªã»ã«ã®æ§ææ¹åŒãšããŠã¯ã匷èªé»äœã§ãã£ãã·ã¿ãæ§æãã ãã®å転é»æµã®éãã«ãã£ãŠèªã¿åºããè¡ãå転é»æµæ€åºæ¹åŒã匷èªé»äœææ ã§ã²ãŒãé»æ¥µãæ§æãããã©ã³ãžã¹ã¿æ¹åŒãªã©ããããããã€ã¹ã®æ§é ãåè·¯ æ§æã®è©³çŽ°ã«ã€ããŠã¯æç®[2-4]ã«è²ãã匷èªé»äœãå©çšããäžæ®çºæ§ã¡ã¢ãªã ãã€ã¹ã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãããªïŒã€ã®ç¹åŸŽãããã æåã®ç¹åŸŽãšããŠã¯ã匷ç£æ§ããã³å匷ç£æ§ãå¿çšããçŸåšã®ç£æ°ãã£ã¹ã¯ ãšç°ãªãã匷èªé»äœãå¿çšããã¡ã¢ãªããã€ã¹ã§ã¯ãã¢ã¬ã€ç¶ã«äžŠã¹ãã¡ã¢ãª èŠçŽ ãé»æ°çã«çµç·ããããšã«ããä»»æã®åäžã¡ã¢ãªèŠçŽ ãæå®ããŠæžã蟌㿠ããã³èªã¿åºããè¡ãããšãå¯èœã§ããããšãæããããããã®ç¹åŸŽã®ããã«ã ç£æ°ããããå åŠç³»ããŸãåªäœãã®ãã®ãæ©æ¢°çã«åããå¿ èŠããªããªããé« éã§æ©æ¢°çæ¯åã«åŒ·ãããã€ã¹ãå®çŸã§ããã ïŒçªç®ã®ç¹åŸŽãšããŠã匷ç£æ§äœããã€ã¹ãäžæ®çºæ§ã®èšæ¶ããã€ã¹ã§ããã® ãšåæ§ãå€æ°ã®åäœçµæ¶æ Œåã®éåäœã§æ§æãããåå倧ããªåŒ·èªé»äœå極ã ã¡ã€ã³ã®å極æ¹åã¯é垞䜿çšæž©åºŠã§èªç¶ã«å転ããããšããªããèšæ¶ä¿æã«é» åãæ¶è²»ããããšããªãããšãæãããããåŸã£ãŠãDRAM(Dynamic RAM)ã SRAM(Static RAM)ã®ãããªæ®çºæ§åå°äœã¡ã¢ãªã«æ¯ã¹ãŠçé»åã§ããããŸãçŸ åšåæ¥çç£ãããŠãã匷èªé»äœã¡ã¢ãªã»ã«ã«ãããŠå極å転ã«å¿ èŠãªé»å§ã¯ 1.1V-5V çšåºŠã§ããããããŒãã£ã³ã°ã²ãŒããçšãã EEPROM çã«æ¯ã¹ãŠäœé» 第 4 ç« é žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœäžã®é žçŽ ããã³æ°ŽçŽ åæãžã®å¿çš 111 å§åäœãå¯èœã§ãããããã«å ã㊠EEPROM ããé«éã«æžã蟌ã¿ãåºæ¥ãããš ããäœæ¶è²»é»åã§ããããé«éãã€çé»åãªã¡ã¢ãªçŽ åã¯æ å ±åŠçã·ã¹ãã ã® å¯æ¬æ§ãé«ããæ°ããªå¿çšåéãéããã®ã§ããã ïŒã€ãã®ç¹åŸŽãšããŠããããŒãã£ã³ã°ã²ãŒãã«ãã³ãã«å¹æã«ãã£ãŠé»åã æ³šå ¥ãã EEPROMãFlash ã¡ã¢ãªãšæ¯èŒããå Žåãæžãæãå¯èœåæ°ãå€§å¹ ã«å¢ å ããŠããããšãæããããã äžæ¹ãFeRAM ã«ã¯ãã®é·æãšãšãã«ã次ã®ãããªçæãããã 第ïŒã®çæã¯ãé ç·ã«ãã£ãŠã¡ã¢ãªã»ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠé«éã©ã³ãã ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãå¯ èœã«ãªãåé¢ãè€éãªå€å±€é ç·åœ¢æå·¥çšã¯ãç£æ°ãã£ã¹ã¯ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠèšæ¶å®¹éã ããã®è£œé ã³ã¹ããäžæããããšããç¹ã§ããã 第ïŒã®çæã¯ãPbãBi ãªã©ã®ééå±ããPt ãªã©ã®é«äŸ¡ãªè²Žéå±ãçšãããã ç¹ã§ãããPb ã«ã¯äžæ¢ç¥çµæ¯æ§ãããã欧å·ã§ã¯èŠå¶ãé²ãã§ããã ïŒçŸåšã®ãš ãããæ¬§å· WEEE/RoHS èŠå¶[5,6]ã§ã¯é»åã»ã©ãã¯ã¹ææçšéã¯èŠå¶å¯Ÿè±¡å€ã§ã ãããŸããBi ã¯ç¡éãã³ãã®æåãšããŠäœ¿ãããŠããŠåœé¢å€§ããªèŠå¶ã®åã㯠ãªãããééå±èŠå¶ã¯ä»åŸååœã§åŒ·ãŸããã®ãšæããããïŒ30-50 幎çšåºŠã®äžé· æçãªèŠéããã¯è³æºåèµéã®åé¡ãããã ãã®ããã«ãããããé«äŸ¡ã§ã¯ãããã®ã®ãé«éãé å¥ãäœé»å§åäœãäœæ¶ è²»é»åãé·å¯¿åœãšããåªããç¹åŸŽãæã€åŒ·èªé»äœã¡ã¢ãªãå®çŸããããã®å®éš çæ¢çŽ¢ã¯ 1950 幎代åã°ã«å§ãŸã£ããããªããªãå®çšçãªæ§èœããã€ãããªãã ã€ã¹ãå®çŸããããšãã§ããªãã£ãããã®äž»ãªçç±ãšããŠã¯ãèèäœæã»è©äŸ¡ æè¡ãçºéãã以åã¯å極å転ã«å¿ èŠãªé»ç匷床ãåŸãããã«é«ãåäœé»å§ã å¿ èŠãšããããšãã ãå極ç²åŽãåé¡ãå³ã¡ãå極å転ãç¹°ãè¿ããŠãããšèªé» å極éãå°ãããªã£ãŠãããšããåé¡ãããã³ãå¹²æžåé¡ããããªãã¡ããã¡ã¢ ãªã»ã«ã®å極ãå転ããããšãããšè¿é£ã®ã¡ã¢ãªã»ã«ãå転ããŠããŸããšãã åè·¯æ§æäžã®åé¡ãå æã§ããªãã£ãããšãåå ã§ããã1980 幎代ã«å ¥ããšã ãã¿ã³é žãžã«ã³ã³é žé(PZT) ç³»ææãçšãã匷èªé»äœã¡ã¢ãªã®ç 究éçºãé²ã ãããã®ç€ŸäŒçèæ¯ã«ã¯æ©æ¢°çæ¯åãé»ç£ãã«ã¹ããã³æŸå°ç·ã«åŒ·ãé«æ§èœèš æ¶çŽ åã«å¯Ÿããç±³åœã®è»äºçèŠæ±ããã£ããšããããŠããã1984 幎ã«ã¯ç±³åœã³ ãã©ãå·ã« RAMTRON 瀟ãèšç«ããã1993 幎ã«ã¯ãã¿ã³é žãžã«ã³ã³é žé(PZT) ç³»ææãå¿çšãã 4 ãããããã¡ã¢ãªããã€ã¹ã®åæ¥çãªçç£ãå§ããŠããã 112 第 4 ç« é žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœäžã®é žçŽ ããã³æ°ŽçŽ åæãžã®å¿çš ãŸã 1992 幎ã«ã¯ç±³åœ Symetrix 瀟㮠C.A.P. 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žçæã®åæã«ãã㊠Gibbs-Thomson å¹æ ãå©çšããèšçæ žããå°ããªæ žã溶ãããªããææž©ãå·åŽãç¹°ãè¿ãããšã§ã çµæ¶æ žãéžææé·ãããããšãã§ãããéã«çµæ¶æ žãå°å ¥ããããšã§åŸ®çµæ¶ã å€æ°çæããããšãã§ãããåºçžæé·ã§ãã MOD æ³ããããã¯ãŸã«ãŒã²ã«æ³ã® 第 4 ç« é žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœäžã®é žçŽ ããã³æ°ŽçŽ åæãžã®å¿çš 140 ããã»ã¹ã«ãããçµæ¶æ žå°å ¥ãæ žã®éžææé·ãçµæ¶åã¢ããŒã«æã®èã®æž©åºŠåŸ é ãRTA ããã»ã¹ã®ããã°ã©ã ãåºæ¿ãšåé§äœæ¶²ãšã®éã®æ¿¡ãæ§å¶åŸ¡ãåé§äœ 溶液ã®ã³ãã€ãååŠãšãã£ããããªããŒãã¯ããèªèº«åºãå¿çšãæã€èå³æ·±ã ããŒãã§ããã ã€ãªã³ããŒã ãšç©è³ªãšã®çžäºäœçšãšãã話é¡ã«éã£ãŠããã°ãRTA ããã»ã¹ ã®ä»£ããã«ãã€ãªã³ããŒã ã«ããå±æå ç±ã«ãã£ãŠåé§äœèäžã«çµæ¶æ žãå°å ¥ ããŠçµæ¶æé·ãå¶åŸ¡ã§ãããã©ãããšããããšã«èå³ããããã€ãªã³ããŒã ã« ããå±æå ç±ã§ã¯ãééåã®é«ãé«ãšãã«ã®ãŒã€ãªã³ã®é£è·¡ã«æ²¿ã£ãŠåçŽæ·±ã å±æå ç±ãè¡ãããšãåºæ¥ãããã®ç¹æ§ã¯çŽ«å€ç·ãé»åç·ãªã©ãšã¯ç°ãªãé«ãš ãã«ã®ãŒã€ãªã³åºæã®æ§è³ªã§ãããã€ãªã³ããŒã ã®è©Šææ³ç·ã«å¯Ÿããå ¥å°è§ã å¶åŸ¡ããããšã«ãã£ãŠåé§äœèäžã®ã€ãªã³ã®é£è·¡ã®äžå°ã«å¯Ÿããè§åºŠãå€åã ããããç §å°å¯åºŠãå€åããããªã©ã«ãã£ãŠãé åãçµæ¶ç²ãå¶åŸ¡ã§ããªãã ããããšããããšãåŒãç¶ãèããŠã¿ããã 第ïŒç« ã®åèæç® [1] äž éæ²»,æ©å· è 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ããŸã£ããã«çŽ°é·ãåããããããã«é«ãšãã«ã®ãŒéã€ãªã³ãçšããã ãã ããªã€ãããå ç±çåããããšã«ããé«æ©èœççŽ ææã®äœæç 究ãè¡ãã㊠ãã[15]ãã€ãªã³ç §å°ã«ããå±æçæéå ç±ãšå解ç£ç©ã®ç 究ãé²ãã°çåã®é² è¡æ©æ§è§£æãšççŽ ææã®åŸ®çŽ°æ§é å¶åŸ¡ã«åœ¹ç«ã€ã§ãããã 第 5 ç« ããªã€ããæš¹èã®ç §å°æå·æ©æ§ç 究ãžã®å¿çš 167 第 5 ç« ã®åèæç® [1] A. 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Shiraishi, "Preparation of Macroporous Carbon Films from Polyimide by Phase Inversion Method" Carbon, Vol. 30 (1992), pp. 303-304. 168 第6ç« æ¬ç 究ã®çºå±ãšèª²é¡ 第6ç« ç¬¬ïŒç« æ¬ç 究ã®çºå±ãšèª²é¡ 169 æ¬ç 究ã®ä»åŸã®çºå±ãšèª²é¡ æ¬è«æã®æåŸã«ãæ¬è«æã«é¢é£ããããã€ãã®ç 究ã®ä»åŸã®çºå±ãšèª²é¡ã«ã€ ããŠç°¡åã«è¿°ã¹ããè¡š 6-1 ã«æ¬ç 究ã«é¢é£ãã話é¡ãšããã«é¢ããåã ã®ç 究ã ãŒããæ³å®ãããå¿çšåéã«ã€ããŠã®äžèŠ§ã瀺ããæ°ŽçŽ ãé žçŽ åæïŒïŒãïŒã ããã³ïŒç« ïŒãé žåç©åŒ·èªé»äœææ(ïŒç« )ãææ©éå±å解æ³(ïŒç« )ã«ã€ããŠã¯å° æ¥ã®ç 究課é¡ã«ã€ããŠã¯ããããã®ç« æ«ã§è¿°ã¹ãã®ã§æ¬ç« ã§ã¯é«ãšãã«ã®ãŒã€ ãªã³åæææ³ãã®ãã®ã«ã€ããŠã®èª²é¡ã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ãã ïŒïŒïŒ é«ãšãã«ã®ãŒã€ãªã³ãããŒãã«ããææåæã«ã€ããŠã®èª²é¡ãšå¿çš æ¬ç 究ã®äž»é¡ã§ããé«ãšãã«ã®ãŒã€ãªã³ãããŒãã«ããææåæã«ãããŠã¯ã ããã«ç §å°ç·éãå°ãªãããè©Šæãžã®äŸµè¥²ãå°ãªãããªãããè©ŠæããåŸãã ãæ倧ã®æ å ±ãåŒãåºãããšããããšãæ¹åã®çŠç¹ã§ãããéåžžã«çããšãã« ã®ãŒååžããã€ãåè²ãããŒã ãšã ãåçŒãããªãã¡ 1 åã®åå°äœæ€åºåšãçšã ãã©ã¶ãã©ãŒãåŸæ¹æ£ä¹±æ³ã«ãããŠã¯æ·±ãäœçœ®ã«ããéãå çŽ ãšãæµ ãäœçœ®ã« ãã軜ãå çŽ ãšãåããšãã«ã®ãŒã®ä¿¡å·ãšããŠè¡šãããäžåã®æž¬å®ã§ã¯ãå çŽ ã®æ·±ãååžã®é£ç¶æ§ã®ãããªä»®å®ããããªããã°åºå¥ã§ããªãããã®ãããŸã ããåé¿ããè¡šé¢ç²ããçé¢æ¡æ£ãªã©ã«é¢ãã詳现ãªæ å ±ãæ£ç¢ºã«åŸãããã« ã¯ç°ãªãè§åºŠã«èšçœ®ããã 2 å以äžã®æ€åºåšã«ããã¹ãã¬ãªæž¬å®ãŸãã¯ãã¢ã° ã©ãã£ãŒãè¡ãå¿ èŠãããã çŸç¶ã«ãããŠãããå®è¡ããããšã¯å®éšæè¡äžã®èŠ³ç¹ããããã¯ããŒããŠã§ ã¢ã®ã³ã¹ããããŒã¿ååŸã«ãããæéãè²»çšã®èŠ³ç¹ããã¯ããã»ã©åé¡ã§ã¯ãª ããåé¡ã¯ããŒã¿åæã«èŠããæéãšè²»çšã§ãããçŸç¶ã§ã¯åäžè©Šæã«å¯Ÿã㊠枬å®ãããè€æ°ã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒãæ£ä¹±è§æ¡ä»¶ã«ããã¹ãã¯ãã«çŸ€ãçµ±äžçã«èª¬æ ãããããªã¢ããªã³ã°ãéç·åœ¢æ²ç·ãã£ããã«ããæå°€æ§é æšå®ã¯å€ãã®æœèš ã§èªååãããŠããªãããã®ãã RBS/ERD ã¹ãã¯ãã«çŸ€ã®ååŸãšãã®æ£ãã解 éã®ããã«ã¯èšç·Žããã人éã«ãã£ãŠå€§éã®èšç®ãè¡ãããããšãå¿ èŠã§ããã RBS åæãããã«é«äŸ¡ã«ããŠããã枬å®æ¡ä»¶ã®ç°ãªãè€æ°ã®ã¹ãã¯ãã«ããè©Š ææ§é ãé«éã«æ±ºå®ãããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®éçºã«ãã£ãŠãæ€åºåšãè€æ°çšããå° 170 第6ç« æ¬ç 究ã®çºå±ãšèª²é¡ ããç §å°ç·éã§ç²Ÿå¯ãªæ§é æšå®ãè¡ãããšãå¯èœã«ãªãã åºã䜿ãããŠãã RBS ã¹ãã¯ãã«åææ¯æŽãœãããŠã§ã¢ã§ãã RUMP[6]㯠ã¹ãã¯ãã«åæå°çšã«äœ¿ãããããªèšç®æ©ãšã㊠8 ããããã€ã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒ ã¿ãããã¯åæã® 16 ããããã€ã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãå©çšã§ããæ代ã«èšèšãã ããã®ã§ããããããã£ãŠå€éæ£ä¹±ã®åãæ±ããããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãšã®é£æºæ©èœã® ãããªèšç®é床ãèšæ¶å®¹éã®å¿ èŠãªæ©èœãçãããŠãããèªååã®ããã«éèŠ ãªæ©èœã§ããã¹ã¯ãªããæ©èœã¯ MS-DOS ããããã¡ã€ã«åœ¢åŒãš RUMP ãã¯ãã ãã°ã©ã ãçµã¿åãããããšã«ãã£ãŠå¯èœã§ãããããããªããããã«ã€ã㊠ã®æ å ±ã¯ã»ãšãã©ãªããRUMP ã¯çŸåšã§ããªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã®ä»æ§å€ æŽã«å¯Ÿå¿ãããªã©å°ããã€ãã°ãã£ã¯ã¹çã M. 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P. Barradas, C. Jeynes, and R. P. Webb, âSimulated annealing analysis of Rutherford backscattering dataâ, App. Phys. Lett., Vol. 71, p. 291(1997) [2]M. Mayer, âSIMNRA, a simulation program for the analysis of NRA, RBS and ERDAâ, AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. 475(1) p. 541(1999). [3]E. Szilágyi, F. Pászti, and G. Amsel, âTheoretical approximations for depth resolution calculations in IBA methodsâ Nucl. Instrum. and Methods B 100 (1995) 103. [4]J. F. Ziegler, J. P. Biersack and U. Littmark, "The Stopping and Range of Ions in Solids", Pergamon Press, New York, 1985. [5] J.F. Ziegler, âRBS/ERD simulation problems: Stopping powers, nuclear reactions and detector resolutionâ Nucl. Instrum. and Methods B136-138 (1998) 141. [6]L.R. Doolittle, âA Semiautomatic Algorithm for Rutherford Backscattering Analysisâ, Nucl. 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