Download Geostatistical Software Library and User's Guide

GSLIB
Geostatistical Software Library
and User's Guide
Second Edition
Clayton V. Deutsch
Department of Petroleum Engineering
Stanford University
Andre G. Journel
Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences
Stanford University
New York
Oxford
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
1998
Contents
I Introduction
I.I
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About the Source Code
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II Getting Started
II. 1 Geostatistical Concepts: A Review
II.1.1 The Random Function Concept
II. 1.2 Inference and Stationarity
11.1.3 Variogram
11.1.4 Kriging
11.1.5 Stochastic Simulation
11.2 GSLIB Conventions
11.2.1 Computer Requirements
11.2.2 Data Files
11.2.3 Grid Definition
11.2.4 Program Execution and Parameter Files
11.2.5 Machine Precision
11.3 Variogram Model Specification
11.3.1 A Straightforward 2D Example
11.3.2 A 2D Example with Zonal Anisotropy
11.4 Search Strategies
11.5 Data Sets
11.6 Problem Set One: Data Analysis
III Variograms
111.1 Measures of Spatial Variability
111.2 GSLIB Variogram Programs
111.3 Regularly Spaced Data gam
111.4 Irregularly Spaced Data gamv
III. 5 Variogram Maps varmap
111.6 Application Notes
111.7 Problem Set Two: Variograms
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CONTENTS
IV Kriging
IV.l Kriging with GSLIB
IV.1.1 Simple Kriging
IV.1.2 Ordinary Kriging
IV.1.3 Kriging with a Trend Model
IV.1.4 Kriging the Trend
IV. 1.5 Kriging with an External Drift
IV.1.6 Factorial Kriging
IV.1.7 Cokriging
IV.1.8 Nonlinear Kriging
IV.1.9 Indicator Kriging
IV.l.10 Indicator Cokriging
IV.1.11 Probability Kriging
IV.l.12 Soft Kriging: The Markov-Bayes Model
IV.l.13 Block Kriging
IV.l.14 Cross Validation
IV.2 A Straightforward 2D Kriging Program kb2d
IV.3 A Flexible 3D Kriging Program kt3d
IV.4 Cokriging Program cokb3d
IV.5 Indicator Kriging Program ik3d
IV.6 Application Notes
IV.7 Problem Set Three: Kriging
IV.8 Problem Set Four: Cokriging
IV.9 Problem Set Five: Indicator Kriging
V Simulation
V.I Principles of Stochastic Simulation
V.I.I Reproduction of Major Heterogeneities
V.1.2 Joint Simulation of Several Variables
V.1.3 The Sequential Simulation Approach
V.1.4 Error Simulation
V.I.5 Questions of Ergodicity
V.1.6 Going Beyond a Discrete CDF
V.2 Gaussian-Related Algorithms
V.2.1 Normal Score Transform
V.2.2 Checking for Bivariate Normality
V.2.3 Sequential Gaussian Simulation
V.2.4 LU Decomposition Algorithm
V.2.5 The Turning Band Algorithm
V.2.6 Multiple Truncations of a Gaussian Field
V.3 Indicator-Based Algorithms
V.3.1 Simulation of Categorical Variables
V.3.2 Simulation of Continuous Variables
V.4 p-Field Simulation
V.5 Boolean Algorithms
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V.6 Simulated Annealing
V.6.1 Simulation by Simulated Annealing
V.6.2 Postprocessing with Simulated Annealing
V.6.3 Iterative Simulation Techniques
V.7 Gaussian Simulation Programs
V.7.1 LU Simulation lusim
V.7.2 Sequential Gaussian Simulation sgsim
V.7.3 Multiple Truncations of a Gaussian Field gtsim . . . .
V.8 Sequential Indicator Simulation Programs
V.8.1 Indicator Simulation sisim
V.8.2 p-Field Simulation pf sim
V.9 A Boolean Simulation Program e l l i p s i m
V. 10 Simulated Annealing Programs
V.10.1 Simulated Annealing sasim
V.10.2 An Annealing Postprocessor anneal
V.ll Application Notes
V.12 Problem Set Six: Simulation
VI Other Useful Programs
VI. 1 PostScript Display
VI.1.1 Location Maps locmap
VI.1.2 Gray- and Color-Scale Maps p i x e l p l t
VI.1.3 Histograms and Statistics h i s t p l t
VI. 1.4 Normal Probability Plots p r o b p l t
VI.1.5 Q-Q and P-P plots qpplt
VI.1.6 Bivariate Scatterplots and Analysis s c a t p l t
VI.1.7 Smoothed Scatterplot Display b i v p l t
VI.1.8 Variogram Plotting v a r g p l t
VI.2 Utility Programs
VI.2.1 Coordinates addcoord and rotcoord
VI.2.2 Cell Declustering declus
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VI.2.3 Histogram and Scattergram Smoothing
VI.2.4 Random Drawing draw
VI.2.5 Normal Score Transformation nscore
VI.2.6 Normal Score Back Transformation b a c k t r
VI.2.7 General Transformation t r a n s
VI.2.8 Variogram Values from a Model vmodel
VI.2.9 Gaussian Indicator Variograms bigaus
VI.2.10 Library of Linear System Solvers
VI.2.11 Bivariate Calibration b i c a l i b
VI.2.12 Postprocessing of IK Results p o s t i k
VI.2.13 Postprocessing of Simulation Results postsim . . . .
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CONTENTS
Appendices
A Partial Solutions to Problem Sets
A.I Problem Set One: Data Analysis
A.2 Problem Set Two: Variograms
A.3 Problem Set Three: Kriging
A.4 Problem Set Four: Cokriging
A.5 Problem Set Five: Indicator Kriging
A.6 Problem Set Six: Simulations
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B Software Installation
B.I Installation
B.2 Troubleshooting
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C Programming Conventions
C.I General
C.2 Dictionary of Variable Names
C.3 Reference Lists of Parameter Codes
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D Alphabetical Listing of Programs
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E List of Acronyms and Notations
E.I Acronyms
E.2 Common Notation
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Bibliography
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Index
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