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
Natural frequency
Example: Drum
A popular example natural frequency analysis is the oscillating drumhead, because it can be
calculated analytically as well. This is an example for pure natural frequency, because the
drumhead achieves steady-state (final tone) only after one stroke because of the equilibrium
between mass inertia and reset force. The fixing of the drumhead at the frame allows only
certain modal form vectors, which can be described with mathematical methods. These form
vectors should be simulated in FEA as well.

Thermo mechanics
Example: Spoon
As example for heat flow and temperature analysis a spoon, which is hold with one hand and
used for eating soup, should be simulated. The spoon was constructed in Pro/ENGINEER and
imported as .stl-file into Z88Aurora and was then meshed. At the handle the temperature is
defined by the temperature of the hand, the heat flow through the handle is caused by the
heat of the soup.
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Geometric nonlinearity
Example: Hinge
In this example a hinge to lock a cylindrical truss in position is examined. The clamping force
is very high, so there are great deformations.
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Material non-linearity
Example: Ball coupling
In this example, a heavy loaded ball coupling is considered. These couplings are used in
agricultural engineering. In the notches, plastic deformations occur, so that taking plasticity
into account leads to significantly improved stress results.
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