Download ADTRAN Express 6120 Instruction manual

Express 6100/6120
IDSL Router/Bridge
Part Numbers 1200176L1/L4
Document Number 61200176L1-1B
July 2000
Trademarks:
DMS-100 is a trademark of Northern Telecom, Inc.
Ethernet is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel Corporation, and Xerox Corporation.
Expert ISDN (patent number 5,715,241) is a trademark of ADTRAN,
Inc.
Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
Novell, NetWare, and Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) are registered trademarks of Novell, Inc.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
5ESS is a registered trademark of LUCENT.
901 Explorer Boulevard
P.O. Box 140000
Huntsville, AL 35814-4000
(256) 963-8000
© 2000 ADTRAN, Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
Printed in U.S.A.
FCC regulations require that the following information be provided
in this manual:
1. This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules.
On the bottom or side of this equipment is a label that
ocntains, among other information, the FCC Registration
Number and Ringer Equivalence Number (REN), if applicable, for this equipment. If required, this information
must be given to the telephone company.
2. The following information may be required when applying to your local telephone company for leased line facilities.
Service Type
REN/SOC
FIC
USOC
ISDN
6.0N
02IS5
RJ49C
3. An FCC-compliant telephone cord and modular plug may
be provided with this equipment. This equipment is
designed to be connected to the telephone network or premises wiring using a compatible modular jack which is
Part 68-compliant. See installation instructions for details.
4. If this equipment causes harm to the telephone network,
the telephone company may temporarily discontinue service. If possible, advance notification is given; otherwise,
notification is given as soon as possible. The telephone
company will advise the customer of the right to file a
complaint with the FCC
5. The telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations, or procedures that could
affect the proper operation of this equipment; advance
notification and the opportunity to maintain uninterrupted service are given.
6. If experiencing difficulty with this equipment, please contact ADTRAN (see inside back cover) for repair and warranty information. The telephone company may require
this equipment to be disconnected from the network until
the problem is corrected or until it is certain the equipment is not malfunctioning.
7. This unit contains no user serviceable parts.
To ADTRAN service personnel: For continued protection against risk of
fire, replace F1 with the same type and rating of fuse only: .2A, 250V.
iii
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENT:
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits
for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate
radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance
with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio
or TV reception. The user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
1. Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2. Increase the separation between the equipment and
receiver.
3. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different
from that to which the receiver is connected.
4. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician
for help.
Change or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by ADTRAN will void the user’s authority to
operate the equipment.
iv
CANADIAN EMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio
noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interferencecausing equipment standard entitled "Digital Apparatus," ICES-003 of
the Department of Communications.
Cet appareil nuerique respecte les limites de bruits radioelectriques
applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class B prescrites dans la
norme sur le materiel brouilleur: "Appareils Numeriques," NMB-003
edictee par le ministre des Communications.
CANADIAN EQUIPMENT LIMITATIONS
Notice: The Canadian Industry and Science Canada label identifies
certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment
meets certain telecommunications network protective, operational,
and safety requirements. The Department does not guarantee the
equipment will operate to the user’s satisfaction.
Before installing this equipment, ensure that it is permissible to be
connected to the facilities of the local telecommunications company.
The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of
connection. In some cases, the company’s inside wiring associated
with a single-line individual service may be extended by means of a
certified connector assembly (telephone extension cord). Compliance
with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in
some situations.
Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by the supplier. Any repairs
or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.
Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground
connections of the power utility, telephone lines, and internal metallic
water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution
may be particularly important in rural areas.
Users should not attempt to make such connections
themselves, but should contact the appropriate electric
inspection authority, or an electrician, as appropriate.
v
The Load Number (LN) assigned to each terminal device denotes the
percentage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop which
is used by the device, to prevent overloading. The termination on a
loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the total of the Load Numbers of all devices does not
exceed 100.
vi
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
When using your telephone equipment, basic safety precautions
should always be followed to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock and
injury to persons. The precautions are listed below.
1. Do not use this product near water (for example, near a
bath tub, wash bowl, kitchen sink or laundry tub, in a wet
basement or near a swimming pool).
2. Avoid using a telephone (other than a cordless type) during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
3. Do not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vicinity
of the leak.
4. Use only the power cord, power supply, and/or batteries
indicated in the manual. Do not dispose of batteries in a
fire. They may explode. Check local codes for any special
disposal instructions.
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS.
vii
Limited Product Warranty
ADTRAN warrants that for ten years from the date of shipment to
Customer, all products manufactured by ADTRAN will be free from
defects in materials and workmanship. ADTRAN also warrants that
products will conform to the applicable specifications and drawings
for such products, as contained in the Product Manual or in ADTRAN's internal specifications and drawings for such products (which
may or may not be reflected in the Product Manual). This warranty
only applies if Customer gives ADTRAN written notice of defects during the warranty period. Upon such notice, ADTRAN will, at its option, either repair or replace the defective item. If ADTRAN is unable,
in a reasonable time, to repair or replace any equipment to a condition
as warranted, Customer is entitled to a full refund of the purchase
price upon return of the equipment to ADTRAN. This warranty applies only to the original purchaser and is not transferable without
ADTRAN's express written permission. This warranty becomes null
and void if Customer modifies or alters the equipment in any way,
other than as specifically authorized by ADTRAN.
EXCEPT FOR THE LIMITED WARRANTY DESCRIBED ABOVE,
THE FOREGOING CONSTITUTES THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE
REMEDY OF THE CUSTOMER AND THE EXCLUSIVE LIABILITY
OF ADTRAN AND IS IN LIEU OF ANY AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES (EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED). ADTRAN SPECIFICALLY
DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, INCLUDING (WITHOUT
LIMITATION), ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. SOME STATES DO NOT
ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, SO THIS
EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO CUSTOMER.
In no event will ADTRAN or its suppliers be liable to Customer for
any incidental, special, punitive, exemplary or consequential damages
experienced by either Customer or a third party (including, but not
limited to, loss of data or information, loss of profits, or loss of use).
ADTRAN is not liable for damages for any cause whatsoever (whether based in contract, tort, or otherwise) in excess of the amount paid
for the item. Some states do not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to Customer.
viii
Table of Contents
Setting up the IDSL Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quick Start-1
Chapter 1 Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 . . 1-1
The Express 6100/6120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Single User to Corporate LAN (Figure 1-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 144
(Figure 1-4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) to Corporate LAN
(Figs 1-5 and 1-6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Routing and Bridging with the Express 6100/6120 . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Factory Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Bridging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
IP Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
IPX Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Concurrent Routing And Bridging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Network Address Translation Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7
Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7
Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
Chapter 2
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure . . . . . . . . 3-1
Terminal Menu Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
Navigating the Terminal Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
General Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Menu Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Moving Around . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
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Express 6100/6120 User Manual
ix
Table of Contents
Submenus [+] or [DATA] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Activation Field <+> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Editable Data Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Read-Only Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Navigation with the Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Security Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Configuration Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
System Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
System Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
System Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
System Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Firmware Revision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
System Uptime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Configuration/WAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
WAN/ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
ISDN/Clock Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
IDSL/Channel Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
IDSL/NEBEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
IDSL/FEBEs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
WAN/L2 Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Configuration/IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
IP/IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
IP/Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
IP/Default Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
IP/Static Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Static Routes/Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Static Routes/IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Static Routes/Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Static Routes/Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Static Routes/Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Static Routes/Private . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
IP/IP Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
IP Router/Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
IP/RIP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
IP/NAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
NAT/DHCP Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
NAT/DHCP Renewal Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
NAT/Web Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
NAT/Default IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
IP/DNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
x
Express 6100/6120 User Manual
61200176L1-1
Table of Contents
DNS/Domain Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DNS/Server 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DNS/Server 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IP/UDP Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UDP Relay/Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UDP Relay/UDP Relay List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IP/Proxy ARP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuration/IPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/Frame Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/Seed Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/RIP Timer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/SAP Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuration/Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bridge/Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bridge/WAN IP Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WAN IP Bridge/Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WAN IP Bridge/Netmask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WAN IP Bridge/Triggered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WAN IP Bridge/Proxy ARP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bridge/WAN IPX Bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WAN IPX Bridge/Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WAN IPX Bridge/Frame Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WAN IPX Bridge/Seed Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WAN IPX Bridge/Triggered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuration/Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Security/Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Security/Radius Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radius Server/Primary Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radius Server/Secondary Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radius Server/UDP Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radius Server/Secret . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radius Server/Retry Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Security/PPP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Security/Filter Defines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Filter Defines /MAC Filter Defines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Filter Defines /Pattern Filter Defines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Filter Defines /IP Filter Defines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Filter Defines /IPX Filter Defines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Express 6100/6120 User Manual
3-17
3-17
3-17
3-17
3-17
3-17
3-18
3-19
3-19
3-19
3-20
3-20
3-21
3-21
3-21
3-22
3-22
3-22
3-23
3-23
3-23
3-23
3-23
3-24
3-24
3-24
3-25
3-25
3-26
3-26
3-26
3-26
3-26
3-26
3-27
3-27
3-28
3-28
3-29
3-30
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Table of Contents
Configuration/Frame Relay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Frame Relay/Maintenance Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Frame Relay/Polling Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Frame Relay/DLCI Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DLCI Mapping/Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DLCI Mapping/DLCI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DLCI Mapping/IP Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DLCI Mapping/IPX Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DLCI Mapping/Bridge Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DLCI Mapping/Filters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuration/PPP Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP Profile/Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Authentication/Tx Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Authentication/Tx Username. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Authentication/Tx Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Authentication/Rx Username . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Authentication/Rx Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP Profile/IP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IP/Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IP/NAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IP/Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IP/RIP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP Profile/IPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/Remote Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/Triggered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IPX/Type 20 Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP Profile/Bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bridge/Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP Profile/PPP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP/VJ Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP/Max Config. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP/Max Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP/Max Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PPP Profile/Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Filters/WAN-to-LAN (In) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Filters/In Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Filters/LAN-to-WAN (Out) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Filters/Out Exceptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuration/Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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3-33
3-33
3-33
3-34
3-35
3-35
3-37
3-38
3-39
3-42
3-42
3-42
3-43
3-43
3-43
3-43
3-43
3-43
3-44
3-44
3-45
3-46
3-46
3-46
3-47
3-47
3-47
3-47
3-48
3-48
3-48
3-48
3-48
3-49
3-49
3-50
3-51
3-51
3-52
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Table of Contents
Management/Telnet/Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
Telnet/Web/Server Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
Telnet/Web/User List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
Management/SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-54
SNMP Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-54
SNMP/Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-54
SNMP/Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55
Management/Maint Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55
Maint Port/Password Protect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55
Maint Port/Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55
Maint Port/Baud Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Maint Port/Data Bits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Maint Port/Parity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Maint Port/Stop Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Configuration/Terminal Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Status Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-57
Status/Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57
Sessions/PPP Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57
Sessions/Frame Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
Frame Relay/Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
Frame Relay/DLCI Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
Sessions/Spanning Tree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60
Status/ARP Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60
ARP Cache/IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
ARP Cache /MAC Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
ARP Cache/Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
Status/Bridge Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
Bridge Cache/MAC Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
Bridge Cache/Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
Bridge Cache/TTL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
Status/IP Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
IP Routes /IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
IP Routes /Netmask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-62
IP Routes /Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-62
IP Routes /Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-62
IP Routes /Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-62
IP Routes/Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-62
IP Routes/Hops. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-62
IP Routes/TTL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
Status/IPX Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
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Table of Contents
IPX Routes /Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
IPX Routes /Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
IPX Routes /Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
IPX Routes/Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
IPX Routes/Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
IPX Routes/Ticks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
IPX Routes/TTL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
Status/IPX Servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
IPX Servers/Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
IPX Servers/Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
IPX Servers/Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
IPX Servers /Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
IPX Servers/Socket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
IPX Servers/Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
IPX Servers/TTL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-65
Status/WAN Stats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-65
Status/LAN Stats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-65
Status/IP Stats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-66
Test Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-68
Test Menu/Echo Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-68
Logs Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69
Logs/Sys log Host . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69
Logs/PPP Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
PPP Log/Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
PPP Log/Wrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
PPP Log/Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
PPP Log/View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
PPP Log/Clear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
Logs/Connection Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
Connection Log/Active. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
Connection Log/Wrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
Connection Log/Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
Connection Log/View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
Connection Log/Clear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
Logs/Network Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
Network Log/Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
Network Log/Wrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-72
Network Log/Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-72
Network Log/View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-72
Network Log/Clear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-72
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Table of Contents
Utilities Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-73
Utilities/Ping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-73
Utilities/Telnet Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
Utilities/Upgrade Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
Upgrade/Transfer Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
Upgrade/TFTP Host. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
Upgrade/Filename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
Upgrade/Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-75
Upgrade/Start Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-75
Upgrade/Abort Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-75
Upgrade/TFTP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-75
Utilities/Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-75
Chapter 4 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Specifications and Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Network Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Ethernet Interface (LAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Environmental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Physical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Appendix A Loop Status Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Appendix B Log Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Appendix C SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
Appendix D Connector Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
Index
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List of Figures
Figure 1-1.
Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-3.
Figure 1-4.
Express 6100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Express 6120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Single User to Corporate LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN
Frame Port 144 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Figure 1-5. SOHO to Corporate LAN (6100) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Figure 1-6. SOHO to Corporate LAN (6120) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Figure 1-7. Express 6100 Front Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Figure 1-8. Express 6120 Front Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Figure 1-9. Express 6100 Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Figure 1-10. Express 6120 Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Figure 3-1. Top Level Terminal Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Figure 3-2. Configuration/System Info Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Figure 3-3. Configuration/WAN Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Figure 3-4. Configuration/IP Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Figure 3-5. Configuration/IPX Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
Figure 3-6. Configuration/Bridge Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Figure 3-7. Configuration/Security Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Figure 3-8. Configuration/Frame Relay Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
Figure 3-9. Configuration/PPP Profile Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42
Figure 3-10. Configuration/Management Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
Figure 3-11. Status Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57
Figure 3-12. Test Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-68
Figure 3-13. Logs Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69
Figure 3-14. Utilities Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-73
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xviii
Express 6100/6120 User Manual
61200176L1-1
List of Tables
Table D-1. IBM/AT Style EIA-232 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Table D-2. RJ-49C ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Table D-3. 10BaseT Ethernet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2
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Express 6100/6120 User Manual
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Quick Startup Guide
SETTING UP THE IDSL LINE
The Express 6100/6120 works over leased or “dry” copper provided
by the local telephone company. See Specifications on page 4-1 for specifications on maximum distance.
1.
Connect a VT 100 async terminal, or personal computer with a
terminal emulator running 9600 N-8-1, to the MAINTENANCE
port.
2.
Hold down the Control key and press R; then press Enter to display the top menu.
3.
Using the arrow keys and Enter key to navigate the menu, go to
the Configuration/WAN/ISDN menu.
4.
Set the rate of transfer that will be used. Both devices must be set
at the same rate.
5.
Use the left arrow key or the Escape key to go back up the menu
tree. When asked to save ISDN parameters, type y.
6.
Connect the IDSL line to the RJ-45 jack labeled ISDN on the rear
panel. See Connector Pinouts on page D-1 for connector pinouts.
7.
When the Loop LED(s) remain solid, the Express 6100/6120 is in
synchronization.
8.
The Link LED will illuminate to indicate that PPP has successfully negotiated.
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Quick Startup Guide
Quick Start-2
Express 6100/6120 User Manual
61200176L1-1
Chapter 1
Understanding IDSL and
the Express 6100/6120
IDSL is leased mode ISDN. ADTRAN provides a full line of IDSL
products that are the price/performance leaders in the industry.
THE EXPRESS 6100/6120
The Express 6100/6120 is a standalone device that links two Local Area
Networks (LANs) using a high-speed DSL two-wire line. The Express
6100/6120 has a two-wire interface and operates up to 144 kbits per second.
Figure 1-1 on page 1-1 shows the Express 6100. Figure 1-2 on page 11 shows the Expess 6120. This router includes an integrated hub.
The 10BaseT connector operates at 10 Mbits per second half duplex
and accepts standard Ethernet packets encapsulated using IEEE 802.3
or Ethernet II (DIX). The maintenance port can connect to any asynchronous terminal emulating a VT 100 terminal for configuration.
Express 6100
Figure 1-1. Express 6100
6
Figure 1-2. Express 6120
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1-1
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120
Applications
Single User to Corporate LAN (Figure 1-3)
• Telecommuter/Home Office Access to the corporate LAN
•
Single device access
•
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) broadcasts are “relayed” to
corporate LAN.
•
Client device can obtain the Internet Protocol (IP) address
dynamically using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
(DHCP).
•
Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices
Figure 1-3. Single User to Corporate LAN
Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 144 (Figure 1-4)
• Telecommuter/Home Office Access to the corporate LAN
•
Access to any other router within the Frame Relay Network
•
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) broadcasts are “relayed” to
corporate LAN.
•
FramePort 144 provides concentration of up to 96 IDSL interfaces
into a single DS-1.
1-2
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Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120
IDSL
Figure 1-4. Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 144
Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) to Corporate LAN (Figs 1-5 and
1-6)
• Connects the small office or home office to the corporate LAN
•
Routes IP and Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) traffic from
multiple devices to the corporate LAN
•
Bridges all non-routed traffic (e.g., AppleTalk)
•
Low cost alternative to buying a high-end router
•
Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices
Figure 1-5. SOHO to Corporate LAN (6100)
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Express 6100/6120 User Manual
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Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120
18
Figure 1-6. SOHO to Corporate LAN (6120)
The Express 6100/6120 provides the following basic functions:
1.
LAN Bridge: Bridging provides a point-to-point connection
between two LANs. The bridge learning function scans the
source and destination media access control (MAC) addresses of
all packets on its local LAN and determines which packets
should be transmitted over the IDSL link. Applications include
connectivity between single user or small offices to corporate
LANs.
2.
IP Router: The Express 6100/6120 can function as an IP router
using the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) for advertising and
learning routes among other routers. Static routes may also be
entered into the routing table.
3.
IPX Router: IPX routers and services can be exchanged between
the Express 6100/6120 and other devices using RIP and Service
Advertising Protocol (SAP). Watchdog serialization filtering and
spoofing can permit the ISDN to be idle during no application
traffic periods.
4.
Network Address Translation (NAT): Single networks can connect to the Internet with this function. The Express 6100/6120
translates outgoing IP packets over the IDSL to the IP router at
the Internet Service Provider. Many popular Internet applications are supported.
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5.
PPP or Frame Relay: The layer two protocol used to transfer
packets can be PPP or Frame Relay (RFC 1490). PPP allows a
point-to-point connection, whereas Frame Relay can provide up
to ten permanent virtual circuits.
Routing and Bridging with the Express 6100/
6120
The Express 6100/6120 is a Router and Transparent Learning Bridge.
Its features can be easily configured and used once several basic concepts are understood.
Factory Default
The Express 6100/6120 comes from the factory configured for MAC
Bridging with no filters or connection information defined. An IP address of 10.0.0.1 with a network mask of 255.255.255.0 is preloaded.
The factory default layer two configuration is Auto Detect, which automatically detects PPP or Frame Relay.
Bridging
In Bridge Mode, the Express 6100/6120 can be used to connect two
LAN segments. In this mode, all protocols are supported because they
are transported across the IDSL link at the MAC layer. The Spanning
Tree Algorithm can be used to guarantee a loop-free topology. MAC
addresses are “learned” by each Express 6100/6120 to prevent nonWAN packets from being bridged.
IP Routing
The Express 6100/6120 operates as an IP router when the Configuration/IP/IP Router/Mode option is configured to On. In PPP mode, the
Express 6100/6120 uses an IP unnumbered WAN interface; the IP address and mask assigned to the unit’s LAN interface apply to all routing and IP operations for the unit. In Frame Relay mode, each PVC
can be specified as numbered or unnumbered links. If a default gateway is specified on the network of the Ethernet interface, the unit attempts to reach the gateway through that interface. If no default
gateway is specified (i.e., 0.0.0.0) the WAN interface becomes the de61200176L1-1
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fault gateway (recommended for remote applications when there are
no other routers on the remote LAN).
IPX Routing
Network routes and services are learned and advertised using Novell’s RIP and SAP.
Concurrent Routing And Bridging
The Express 6100/6120 can route IP and IPX as well as bridge non-IP/
IPX packets simultaneously. The PPP profile will by default negotiate
PPP network protocols to support the transmission and reception of
IP, IPX, and Bridge packets. If the PPP peer does not accept a protocol,
the Express 6100/6120 will fall back to any combination of routing and
bridging.
Network Address Translation Mode
NAT is a special mode of operation in which the Express 6100/6120
obtains a dynamically assigned IP address from the peer router (typically an Internet Service Provider). This allows a network of computers to appear as a single IP address.
NAT is enabled if the layer-two protocol is PPP and the PPP profile
has the IP parameter NAT set to Yes, or the layer two protocol is Frame
Relay and a DLCI mapping has the IP Map/Nat parameter set to Yes.
The network computer’s IP stack may use DHCP to request an IP address, default gateway address, and domain name server addresses
from the Express 6100/6120.
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Front Panel
Figure 1-7 shows the front panel of the Express 6100. The indicators
are divided into LAN functions, WAN functions, and Test functions.
Express 6100
Figure 1-7. Express 6100 Front Panel
Indicators
TX/RX
Flashes when transmitting and receiving
data on the 10BaseT connector.
LI
Link integrity. Illuminates when there is a
good connection between the Express
6100 and the Hub/NIC card.
PWR
Flashes when the IDSL link (pins 4 and 5
on RJ-45) is not in sync. Solid when in
sync.
TEST 1, 2
Illuminates solid when either PPP or Frame
Relay has an active connection. Flashes
when trying to establish a PPP or Frame
Relay connection.
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Figure 1-8 shows the front panel of the Express 6120.
6
Figure 1-8. Express 6120 Front Panel
Indicators
TX/RX
Flashes when transmitting and receiving
data on the 10BaseT connector.
1, 2, 3, 4
Link integrity. Illuminates when there is a
good connection between the Express
6120 and the Hub/NIC card.
PWR
Flashes when the IDSL link (pins 4 and 5
on RJ-45) is not in sync. Solid when in
sync.
TEST 1, 2
Illuminates solid when either PPP or Frame
Relay has an active connection. Flashes
when trying to establish a PPP or Frame
Relay connection.
Rear Panel
The Express 6100/6120 has one RJ-45 jack, labeled ISDN, on the rear
panel for network connection (see Figure 1-9 on page 1-9 and Figure
1-10 on page 1-9).
The OFF/ON switch block is for factory default and firmware downloading. With switch 1 in the up or OFF position, the Express 6100/
6120 will immediately go into a download mode when power is enabled. Switch 1 must be in the down or ON position in order to boot
up normally. Switch 2 in the up or OFF position will force the entire
configuration to be factory defaulted.
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The Express 6100/6120 transfers data up to 144 kbps over a two-wire
facility. This type of service is a permanent connection between endpoints or between the unit and the Frame Relay cloud. It is sometimes
referred to as a leased connection, a dedicated connection, a “nailedup” connection, or a private circuit. Leased connection or leased line
is used in this manual to represent these types of services.
Figure 1-9. Express 6100 Rear Panel
Figure 1-10. Express 6120 Rear Panel
Configuration
The Express 6100/6120 is configured using a menu-based interface.
This interface can be accessed via the maintenance port using any
asynchronous VT 100 terminal or personal computer running a terminal emulation program, or via IP using a Telnet client program or web
browser. To use the Telnet interface or web browser, the Express
6100/6120 must first have an IP address programmed into it via the
maintenance port. The factory default is 10.0.0.1.
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Security
Security on network devices is a major concern for almost anyone with
a network. The Express 6100/6120 provides many tools for securing
the local network from hostile users. Connections can be authenticated using passwords. A RADIUS client can also be used.
The Telnet and web browser configuration can also be protected using
the same authentication methods. Each menu item in the Express
6100/6120 has a security level associated with it. A Telnet session is
assigned a privilege level which determines which menu items are accessible to the Telnet client. See Security Levels on page 3-7 for more
information on menu security levels.
Filters can be defined to prevent certain addresses or protocols from
being transferred from LAN-to-WAN, WAN-to-LAN, or WAN-toWAN.
As already mentioned, a web browser can be used to configure the Express 6100/6120. This is accomplished by entering http://10.0.0.1 on
any Windows Internet Explorer browser. If the Express 6100/6120’s IP
address has been changed from the factory default, then 10.0.0.1
should be replaced by that address.
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Installation
After unpacking the unit, immediately inspect it for possible shipping damage. If damage is discovered, file a claim immediately with
the shipping carrier; then contact the ADTRAN Repair and Return
department.
IDSL NETWORK CONNECTION
The Express 6100/6120 supports leased operation. A single RJ-49C
modular jack labeled ISDN on the rear panel provides connection to
the network. Leased operation mode supports dedicated 2B1Q data
service at rates up to 144 kbps by using a nailed up circuit, or a permanent connection between endpoints.
See Connector Pinouts on page D-1 for ISDN network connector pin
assignments.
6100 LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONNECTION
The Express 6100 has a single 10BaseT connection port that provides
half duplex 10 Mbps operation over a 4-wire twisted pair. Other types
of Ethernet interfaces (i.e., AUI, 10Base2, etc.) can be accommodated
by obtaining an appropriate converter.
6120 LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONNECTION
The Express 6120 has an integrated hub with four 10BaseT connection ports. Each port can provide half duplex 10 Mbps operation over
a 4-wire twisted pair. All four 10BaseT connection ports are the same
and are treated equally by the Express 6120.
To connect to an NIC you will need a straight-through cable.To connect to another hub you will need an Ethernet crossover cable, unless
the hub you are connecting to has a crossover switch. See Connector
Pinouts on page D-1 for 10BaseT connector pin assignments.
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Chapter 3
Terminal Menu Operation
and Structure
TERMINAL MENU STRUCTURE
The Express 6100/6120 uses a multilevel menu structure containing
both menu items and data fields. All menu operations and data display in the terminal menu window. The Express 6100/6120 is shipped
in the Factory Default configuration. Connect any VT 100 or VT 220
type terminal emulator to the maintenance port. The default rate is
9600 baud 8-N-1. The terminal emulator can flow the Express 6100/
6120 off using software flow control. Hardware flow control is not
used.
The opening menu (the Main menu, or top-level menu) is the access
point to all other operations. Each Main menu item has several functions and submenus to identify and access specific parameters. Figure
3-1 on page 3-3 shows the top-level terminal menu.
To edit items in the terminal menus, you must have the
appropriate security level. Each menu description in this
section indicates the required security level required for
write access. The maintenance port is always at security
level 0, giving full access to all configuration items.
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The Main menu contains the following options.
>
CONFIGURATION
The Configuration menu provides options to set up the operational
configuration for the Express 6100/6120. See the section Configuration
Menu on page 3-8 for detailed information on the available options.
>
STATUS
The Status menu provides options to review and monitor the status
of the Express 6100/6120 system. See the section Status Menu on page
3-57 for detailed information on the available options.
>
TEST
The Test menu can be used for performing diagnostic testing of the
Express 6100/6120. See the section Test Menu on page 3-68 for detailed
information on the tests available.
>
LOGS
The Logs menu can be used for viewing the operational logs for the
Express 6100/6120. See the section Logs Menu on page 3-69 for detailed information on the available options.
>
UTILITIES
The Utilities menu provides tools for system diagnostics and upgrading the Express 6100/6120. See the section Utilities Menu on page 3-73
for detailed information on the available options.
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2
1
3
4
6
5
7
1 Menu Path
Describes the current position in the terminal
menu structure.
2 Right Pane
Lists available submenus. Additional submenus available through this pane are indicated by the [+] and [DATA] symbols.
3 Left Pane
Lists available menus.
4 Mode
Describes current operating mode.
5 Loop Status
Displays current status of IDSL line.
6 Rate Status
Displays current rate of connection.
7 Navigation
Help
Displays list of characters you can use to navigate the terminal menus (press Control-Z).
Figure 3-1. Top Level Terminal Menu
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NAVIGATING THE TERMINAL MENUS
The following sections provide information on how to navigate
through the terminal menus.
General Layout
When you first start a terminal mode session, the screen shown in Figure 3-1 on page 3-3 displays. The screen is divided into left and right
panes. The left pane shows the current list of submenus, while the
right pane shows the contents of a selected submenu.
Menu Path
The top line of the display shows this session’s current position (path)
in the menu tree. Figure 3-1 on page 3-3 shows the top menu level with
the cursor on the Configuration submenu, so the path display shows
Express 6100/Configuration.
Moving Around
Press Tab or the right arrow key to move the cursor from the left pane
to the right pane. Press Tab or the left arrow key to move the cursor
from the right pane back to the left pane. Use the up and down arrows
to move around within each pane. Press Enter to activate a menu.
Press the left arrow key or the Escape key to go back up the menu. The
following options display throughout the menus.
Submenus [+] or [DATA]
Menus that display [+] or [DATA] indicate that more items are available when selected.
Activation Field <+>
Menus that display <+> indicate that an action is to be taken, such as
activating a test.
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Editable Data Field
A highlighted menu item indicates that you can enter data in that
field.
Read-Only Field
An underlined field is a display field that contains read-only information.
Navigation with the Keyboard
You can use different keystrokes to navigate through the terminal
menu. Press Control-Z to activate a pop-up screen with the available
keystrokes. The following section provides a list of the available keystrokes and the results:
General Navigation
H
Returns to the home screen.
J
Jumps between two menu items. Press J while on a
menu item of interest, and you will jump back to the
main screen. Go to another menu item of interest, Press
J, and you will jump back to the screen that was
displayed the first time you pressed J. Press J anytime
you want to jump between these items.
Arrow Keys Selects items and moves between the left and right
panes. The left arrow key allows you to go back up the
menu.
Enter
Activates an item or moves into submenu.
Escape
Cancels an edit. Allows you to go back up the menu.
Also will dismiss the pop-up help screens.
Tab
Moves between the left and right panes.
A
Moves to the top of a screen.
Z
Moves to the bottom of a screen.
Backspace Ascends one menu level.
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Session Management
Control-L Logs out of the session.
Control-S Invalidates the password entry and returns to the login
screen. The Password prompt will display.
Control-R Refreshes the screen. To save time, only the portion of the
screen that has changed is refreshed. This option should
be necessary only if the display picks up incorrect
characters.
Configuration
F Restores factory default settings. This setting restores the factory
defaults based on the location of the cursor. Entire submenus can
be factory defaulted.
C Copies selected items to the clipboard. The amount of
information you can copy depends on the cursor location when
you press C. For example, if the cursor is over an editable field,
only that item is copied. If the cursor is over the index number of
a list, then all of the items in the row of the list are copied. For
example, if the cursor is over the Num field in the Frame Relay
Mapping screen, all of the information associated with the Map
entry is copied.
P Pastes the item stored in the clipboard, if the information in
compatible. You must confirm all pastes except those to a single
editable field.
>
For certain types of fields, when you paste information into the
field, the value increments by 1.
<
For certain types of fields, when you paste information into the
field, the value decrements by 1.
I
Inserts a new item in a list. For example, add a new item to the
Connection List by pressing I while the cursor is over the index
number.
D Deletes a list item. For example, delete an item from the
Connection List by pressing D while the index number is active.
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Security Levels
Each menu item on the configuration screens has an associated security level. The security level ranges from 0 (highest security level) to 5
(lowest security level). This level determines whether a Telnet session
can access that menu item. The Telnet session is assigned a security
level set by the user. Passwords can only be accessed as security level
0. The maintenance port is always at security level 0.
The security levels are assigned as follows:
Level
0
Access all parameters including passwords
1
Access all parameters except passwords
2
Access all parameters except passwords and
authentication methods
3
Access all parameters except passwords, authentication
methods, and IDSL parameters
4
Access only test and status menus
5
Access status menus only
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>
CONFIGURATION MENU
» System Info
The System Info menu provides basic information about the unit and
displays data fields for editing information. Figure 3-2 displays the
submenus available under this menu item.
Figure 3-2. Configuration/System Info Screen
»» System Name
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Provides a user-configurable text string for the name of the Express
6100/6120. This name can help distinguish between different installations. You can enter up to 31 alpha-numeric characters in this field,
including spaces and special characters (such as an under bar). The
system name is also used for PPP authentication and IPX service
name.
»» System Location
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Provides a user-configurable text string for the location of the Express
6100/6120. This helps to keep track of the physical location of the unit.
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You can enter up to 31 alpha-numeric characters in this field, including spaces and special characters (such as an under bar).
»» System Contact
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Provides a user-configurable text string for the contact name. This
field can contain a name, phone number, or e-mail address of a person
responsible for the Express 6100/6120. You can enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters in this field, including spaces and special characters (such as an under bar).
»» Firmware Revision
Read security: 5
Displays the current firmware revision level of the Express 6100/6120.
This field is a read-only field.
»» System Uptime
Read security: 5
Displays the length of time the Express 6100/6120 has been running
since power up or reset. This field is a read-only field.
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» Configuration/WAN
The WAN menu is used to set up the ISDN parameters for the Express
6100/6120. Figure 3-3 shows the WAN menu.
Figure 3-3. Configuration/WAN Screen
»» WAN/ISDN
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
Selects the mode the IDSL line is in.
ISDN/Clock Mode
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The Express 6100/6120 can only operate as a slave.
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IDSL/Channel Rate
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
Determines the rate at which data is transferred over the IDSL link.
Possible rates are 64K, 128K, and 144K.
IDSL/NEBEs
Read security: 5
This contains the number of Near-End-Block-Errors (NEBEs) that
have been detected by the Express 6100/6120’s IDSL circuitry. Continuous errors can indicate a line problem, but a burst at one time is
normal.
IDSL/FEBEs
Read security: 5
This contains the number of Far-End-Block-Errors (FEBEs) that have
been detected by the IDSL circuitry on the other end of the link. Continuous errors can indicate a line problem, but a burst at one time is
normal.
»» WAN/L2 Protocol
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
This parameter specifies the layer 2 data link layer transport used.
When selected as PPP, the Express 6100/6120 will negotiate PPP over
the IDSL interface. This is used mainly for campus wiring applications. Parameters for controlling the PPP negotiation are in the Configuration/PPP Profile menu. Frame Relay should be selected when
the Express 6100/6120 is connected to a Frame Relay switch. The
Configuration/WAN/Frame Relay menu is used for controlling the
Frame Relay parameters. When Auto Detect (def) is selected, the Express 6100/6120 will look at the incoming packets in order to determine what layer 2 protocol to use.
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» Configuration/IP
The IP menu is used to set up the IP parameters for the Express 6100/
6120. Any general IP-related configuration item is under this menu.
Figure 3-4 shows the IP menu.
Figure 3-4. Configuration/IP Screen
»» IP/IP Address
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The IP address assigned to the Express 6100/6120’s Ethernet port is set
here. This address must be unique within the network. Factory default is 10.0.0.1.
»» IP/Subnet Mask
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The IP network mask to be applied to the Express 6100/6120’s Ethernet port is set here. Factory default is 255.255.255.0.
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»» IP/Default Gateway
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
The default gateway is used by the Express 6100/6120 for sending IP
packets whose destination address is not found in the route table. If
this address is all zeros, then the first WAN connection becomes the
default gateway.
»» IP/Static Routes
Static Routes can be inserted under this menu.
Static Routes/Active
Write security: 4; Read security: 5
Adds this static route entry to the IP routing table when set to Yes
(def) and removes it (if it was previously added) if set to No.
Static Routes/IP Address
Write security: 4; Read security: 5
This is the IP address of the host or network address of the device being routed to.
Static Routes/Subnet Mask
Write security: 4; Read security: 5
This mask determines the bits in the previous IP address that are used.
If this is to be a host route, it must be set to all ones (255.255.255.255).
Static Routes/Gateway
Write security: 4; Read security: 5
This is the IP address of the router to receive the forwarded IP packet.
Static Routes/Hops
Write security: 4; Read security: 5
This is the number of router hops required to get to the network or
host. Maximum distance is 15 hops.
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Static Routes/Private
Write security: 4; Read security: 5
When set to No, the Express 6100/6120 will advertise this static route
using RIP. Otherwise, setting to Yes means that the route is kept private.
»» IP/IP Router
The IP router is configured under this menu as follows.
IP Router/Mode
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
When this option is set to On, the Express 6100/6120 will advertise
and listen to routes from other IP routers. If Off (def), the route table
is still used but only static routes are used for routing IP packets and
only the Ethernet port is used. IP packets can be sent over the WAN,
but only when bridged.
IP/RIP
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is supported by the Express
6100/6120. The following parameters are required for setting up the
mode on the Ethernet port:
RIP/Mode
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This option turns RIP On or Off (def).
RIP/Protocol
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Version can be V1 (def) or V2.
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RIP/Method
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Split Horizon
Only routes not learned on the Ethernet port
are advertised.
Poison Reverse All routes are advertised, including routes
learned from the Ethernet port. These routes
(def)
are poisoned.
None
All routes are advertised, including routes
learned from the Ethernet port. No attempt is
made to poison these routes.
RIP/Direction
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Tx and Rx (def) RIP advertisements are transmitted and listened to on the Ethernet port.
Tx only
RIP advertisements are transmitted and not
listened to.
Rx only
RIP advertisements are listened to but not
transmitted.
RIP/V2 Secret
Write security: 0; Read security: 0
This is a text string used to authenticate advertised routes.
»» IP/NAT
The Network Address Translation general parameters are set up under this menu.
NAT/DHCP Mode
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
When this option is set to On, the Express 6100/6120 acts as a DHCP
server and will dynamically assign IP, network mask, default gateway, and DNS addresses to any device which transmits a broadcast
DHCP request. The addresses assigned are based on the Express
6100/6120’s own IP address and will be within the same network.
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This mode is most commonly used with the NAT functionality. The
default is Off.
NAT/DHCP Renewal Time
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This is the number of hours that the DHCP server should allow the device before it is required to send a new DHCP request. The default is
15 hours, and 0 represents an infinite lease.
NAT/Web Server
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This is the IP address of a web server on the Ethernet network. When
an active NAT connection is made to the Internet, any HTTP, FTP, or
SMTP server requests from the WAN are translated and sent to this
web server. Normally, communication across NAT must be initiated
from the LAN side of the Express 6100/6120. Web Server allows a single machine on the NAT side to be accessed from the Internet side of
NAT. This provides outside access to a web server, mail, or ftp server.
NAT/Default IP
This is the IP address used by the Express 6100/6120 for Network Address Translation when nothing is assigned during the PPP negotiation when PPP mode is active or when nothing is specified in the DLCI
Mapping’s Link IP Address.
»» IP/DNS
The Domain Name Server parameters used by the Express 6100/6120
are specified here. The DNS server addresses can be exchanged between PPP peers. When a connection occurs and IPCP is negotiated,
the Express 6100/6120 will get the DNS server addresses from the PPP
peer. If the configured DNS server addresses (Server 1 and Server 2)
are all zeros, the addresses from the PPP peer are used. In NAT mode,
the PPP peer’s DNS addresses are always used. The DNS addresses set
in Server 1 and Server 2 are offered to a PPP peer if requested.
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DNS/Domain Name
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This is a text string used to represent the domain name used by the Express 6100/6120.
DNS/Server 1
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This is the IP address for the primary DNS device. It is the first server
that domain name requests are sent.
DNS/Server 2
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This is the IP address for the secondary DNS device. It is used as a
back-up in case the primary address does not respond to the request.
»» IP/UDP Relay
The Express 6100/6120 can be configured as a relay agent for UDP
broadcast packets. Normally, a router will not forward UDP broadcast packets. However, many network applications use UDP broadcasts to configure addresses, host names, and other information. If
hosts using these protocols are not on the same network segment as
the servers providing the information, the client programs will not receive a response without enabling the UDP relay agent.
UDP Relay/Mode
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
When this option is set to On (def), the Express 6100/6120 will act as
a relay agent.
UDP Relay/UDP Relay List
Up to four relay destination servers can be specified in this list.
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UDP Relay List/Relay Address
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This is the IP address of the server that will receive the relay packet.
UDP Relay List/UDP Port Type
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Standard
(def)
The following standard UDP protocols are relayed
when set: DHCP, TFTP, DNS, NTP (Network Time
Protocol, port 123). NBNS (NetBIOS Name Server,
port 137), NBDG (NetBIOS Datagram, port 138), and
BootP.
Specified When set, the UDP port (1 to 65535) can be specified
in the UDP Port columns. (up to a maximum of three
per server)
UDP Relay List/UDP Ports 1, 2, and 3
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
UDP Port 1, UDP Port 2, and UDP Port 3 are used for specifying UDP
ports to be relayed. These fields only apply when UDP Port Type is
set to Specified.
»» IP/Proxy ARP
Write security: 4; Read security: 5
This feature allows the network portion of a group of addresses to be
shared among several physical network segments. The ARP protocol
itself provides a way for devices to create a mapping between physical
(i.e., Ethernet) addresses and logical IP addresses. Proxy ARP makes
use of this mapping feature by instructing a router to answer ARP requests as a “proxy” for the IP addresses behind one of its ports. The
device which sent the ARP request will then correctly assume that it
can reach the requested IP address by sending packets to the physical
address that was returned to it. This technique effectively hides the
fact that a network has been (further) subnetted. If this option is set to
Yes (def), when an ARP request is received on the Ethernet port the
address is looked up in the IP routing table. If the forwarding port is
not on the Ethernet port and the route is not the default route, the Express 6100/6120 will answer the request with its own hardware ad3-18
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dress. If set to No, the Express 6100/6120 will only respond to ARP
requests received for its own IP address.
» Configuration/IPX
The IPX menu is used to set up the IPX parameters for the Express
6100/6120. Any general IPX-related configuration item can be found
under this menu. Figure 3-5 shows the IPX menu.
Figure 3-5. Configuration/IPX Screen
»» IPX/Mode
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
When this option is set to On, the Express 6100/6120 will route IPX.
Setting it to Off (def) will disable all IPX functionality.
»» IPX/Network
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The IPX network address for the Ethernet port is set here. This is an eight-digit
hexadecimal value that uniquely identifies the network segment of the Ethernet port. Accidental selection of an IPX network which is already in use on another network segment may cause hard-to-diagnose problems. IPX network
numbers should be carefully tracked.
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»» IPX/Frame Type
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The Express 6100/6120 supports all four defined IPX frame types. The
possible frame types are: Ether Type II (def), Ether 802.3 (Raw), or
Ether SNAP (802.2 SNAP). Only one frame type can be used at one
time.
»» IPX/Seed Status
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The seed status defines what the Express 6100/6120 is to do with the
network information on the selected frame type during startup. There
are three possible seeding selections specified:
Seed
The Express 6100/6120 will listen for an IPX
network number being sent by another router
(including Novell software routers residing on
servers) on the Ethernet segment connected to
this port and use this number if it exists. If it
does not discover a number in use, the Express
6100/6120 will use the configured IPX network
number for the Ethernet segment.
Non-Seed The Express 6100/6120 will listen for an IPX
network number being sent by another router
(def)
(including Novell software routers residing on
servers) on the Ethernet segment connected to
this port and use this number if it exists. If it
does not discover a number in use, the Express
6100/6120 will wait indefinitely until a number
is sent by another router on the Ethernet segment.
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AutoSeed
The Express 6100/6120 will listen for an IPX
network number being sent by another router
(including Novell software routers residing on
servers) on the Ethernet segment connected to
this port and use this number if it exists. If it
does not discover a number in use, the Express
6100/6120 will auto-generate a valid number
using its routing tables.
»» IPX/RIP Timer
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This value specifies how often the Express 6100/6120 sends out IPX
RIP packets on the network segment attached to the Ethernet port.
The RIP packets sent contain routing information about the networks
for which this Express 6100/6120 is responsible. The default value is
60 seconds.
»» IPX/SAP Timer
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This value specifies how often the Express 6100/6120 sends out IPX
SAP (Service Access Protocol) packets on the network segment attached to the Ethernet port. The SAP packets sent contain information
about the services (such as servers, printers, etc.) for which this Express 6100/6120 is responsible. The default value is 60 seconds.
» Configuration/Bridge
The Bridge menu is used to set up the bridge parameters for the Express 6100/6120. The bridging function runs at the Media Access
Control (MAC) level which allows any protocol packets that run over
Ethernet to be forwarded. Bridging can run concurrently with the IP
and IPX routing. However, certain rules apply for when packets are
bridged across a WAN connection. When IP routing is active, IP packets (which include ARP packets) are not bridged. When IPX routing
is active, IPX packets are not bridged. Also, the WAN IP Bridge and
WAN IPX Bridge menus allow the WAN connection to bridge packets
to the Express 6100/6120 but get routed as soon as they arrive at the
unit. Figure 3-6 shows the Bridge menu.
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Figure 3-6. Configuration/Bridge Screen
»» Bridge/Mode
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
When this option is set to On (def), the Express 6100/6120 bridge function will be enabled. Setting it to Off will disable all bridge functionality.
»» Bridge/WAN IP Bridge
When IP routing is active, the Express 6100/6120 will allow another
WAN device to bridge IP packets to it using PPP BCP. Normally, two
IP routers would negotiate PPP IPCP to exchange IP packets. However, if a device can only support PPP BCP, IP packets are encapsulated
by the device as bridge packets. The Express 6100/6120 can treat the
WAN IP Bridge as a virtual Ethernet port connected only to a WAN
device which has negotiated PPP BCP. This menu allows the IP parameters for this virtual Ethernet to be set up.
WAN IP Bridge/Network
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This is the IP address of the virtual Ethernet port.
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WAN IP Bridge/Netmask
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This is the network mask to be applied to the virtual Ethernet port.
WAN IP Bridge/Triggered
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
When set to Yes, only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing table
has changed. When set to No (def), updates are sent periodically.
RIP version, method, and direction are determined by the
Ethernet parameters set in the Configuration/IP/IP
Router/RIP menu.
WAN IP Bridge/Proxy ARP
If this option is set to Yes (def), the Express 6100/6120 will proxy ARP
on the bridge IP port. See the section IP/Proxy ARP on page 3-18 for an
explanation of the proxy ARP function.
»» Bridge/WAN IPX Bridge
When IPX routing is active, the Express 6100/6120 will allow another
WAN device to bridge IPX packets to it using PPP BCP. Normally,
two IPX routers would negotiate PPP IPXCP to exchange IPX packets.
However, if a device can only support PPP BCP, IPX packets are encapsulated by the device as bridge packets. The Express 6100/6120
can treat the WAN IPX Bridge as a virtual Ethernet port connected
only to a WAN device which has negotiated PPP BCP. This menu allows the IPX parameters for this virtual Ethernet to be set up.
WAN IPX Bridge/Network
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This is the network address of the virtual Ethernet port. See IPX/Network on page 3-19 for an explanation of the IPX network number.
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WAN IPX Bridge/Frame Type
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This is the frame type used for the virtual Ethernet port. See IPX/
Frame Type on page 3-20 for an explanation of the IPX frame type.
WAN IPX Bridge/Seed Status
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This is the seed status used for the virtual Ethernet port. See IPX/Seed
Status on page 3-20 menu for an explanation of the IPX seed status.
WAN IPX Bridge/Triggered
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
When set to Yes, only IPX RIP and SAP updates are sent when the
routing or service table has changed. When set to No (def), updates
are sent periodically.
RIP and SAP periodic rates set for the Ethernet port (see IPX/
RIP Timer on page 3-21 and IPX/SAP Timer on page 3-21) are
used for the WAN IPX bridge port.
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» Configuration/Security
The Security menu is used to set up the authentication parameters
needed to authenticate PPP connection. Also, the filter defines are
placed under this menu. Figure 3-7 shows the Security menu.
Figure 3-7. Configuration/Security Screen
»» Security/Authentication
Write security: 1; Read security: 2
The method used for authenticating the PPP peer is selected here. The
possible values are:
None (def)
No attempt is made to authenticate the PPP peer.
Radius
The Express 6100/6120 will act as a RADIUS client and authenticate the PPP peer using the RADIUS server. The Radius server parameters must
be set up properly for this to work.
PPP Profile
The PPP profile is used to authenticate the PPP
peer.
See Configuration/PPP Profile on page 3-42 for more information on authenticating.
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»» Security/Radius Server
The parameters for the radius server are configured in this menu. The
RADIUS server can be used for authenticating a PPP peer (if defined
under Security/Authentication) and for Telnet server sessions.
Radius Server/Primary Server
Write security: 1; Read security: 2
This is the IP address of the first RADIUS server that the Express
6100/6120 should attempt to communicate with when authenticating
a PPP peer.
Radius Server/Secondary Server
Write security: 1; Read security: 2
This is the IP address of the back-up RADIUS server that the Express
6100/6120 should attempt to communicate with when the primary
server does not respond.
Radius Server/UDP Port
Write security: 1; Read security: 2
This is the UDP port that the Express 6100/6120 should use when
communicating with the RADIUS server. The default is 1645, which
is the commonly used port.
Radius Server/Secret
Write security: 0; Read security: 1
The RADIUS server and Express 6100/6120 share this text string,
which is used by the RADIUS sever to authenticate the Express 6100/
6120 that is the RADIUS client. The factory default is not to use a secret.
Radius Server/Retry Count
Write security: 1; Read security: 2
This is the number of times the Express 6100/6120 should send a request
packet to the RADIUS server without a response before giving up. If the
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number of attempts to communicate with the primary server is equal to
the retry count, the secondary server (if defined) is tried. If the secondary
server does not respond within the retry count, the PPP peer (or Telnet
session) is not authenticated and is dropped. The default is 5.
»» Security/PPP
Write security: 1; Read security: 2
The PPP peer can be authenticated using three standard methods:
PAP (Password Authentication Protocol), CHAP (Challenge Handshake Protocol) and EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol). The
strength of the authentication is determined in the order EAP, CHAP,
followed by PAP, where EAP is the strongest and PAP is the weakest.
PAP is a clear-text protocol, which means it is sent over the PPP link
in a readable format. Care must be taken not to allow highly sensitive
passwords to become compromised using this method. CHAP and
EAP use a one-way hashing algorithm which makes it virtually impossible to determine the password. EAP has other capabilities which
allow more flexibility than CHAP.
The following selections are possible:
PAP, CHAP or The Express 6100/6120 will ask for EAP during
the first PPP LCP negotiation and allow the PPP
EAP (def)
peer to negotiate down to CHAP or PAP.
CHAP or EAP The Express 6100/6120 will ask for EAP during
the first PPP LCP negotiation and allow the PPP
peer to negotiate down to CHAP but not PAP.
EAP
The Express 6100/6120 will only allow EAP to be
negotiated. If the PPP peer is not capable of doing
EAP, then the connection will not succeed.
»» Security/Filter Defines
The Express 6100/6120 can filter packets based on certain parameters
within the packet. The method used by the Express 6100/6120 allows
the highest flexibility for defining filters and assigning them to a profile. The filters are set up in two steps: (1) defining the packet types,
and (2) adding them to a list under the PPP profile or DLCI map. See
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the section DLCI Mapping/Filters on page 3-39 for examples of how to
set up filter profiles. This menu is used to define the individual filter
defines based on packet type.
Filter Defines /MAC Filter Defines
Write security: 2; Read security: 3
The MAC filter is applied to bridge packets only. Bridge packets
which are forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express 6100/
6120 are defined here. Up to 32 MAC defines can be specified.
Name
Identifies the filter entry
Src Addr
48-bit MAC source address used for comparison.
(hexadecimal format)
Src Mask
Bits in the MAC source address which are compared. (hexadecimal format)
Dest Addr
48-bit MAC destination address used for comparison. (hexadecimal format)
Dest Mask
Bits in the MAC destination address used for comparison. (hexadecimal format)
MAC Type
16-bit MAC type field used for comparison. (hexadecimal format)
Type Msk
Bits in the MAC type field used for comparison.
(hexadecimal format)
Filter Defines /Pattern Filter Defines
Write security: 2; Read security: 3
The pattern filter is applied to bridge packets only. That is, any packet
which is forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express 6100/
6120. Up to 32 pattern defines can be specified.
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Name
Identifies the filter entry
Offset
Offset from beginning of packet of where to start the
pattern comparison
Pattern
64 bits used for comparison. (hexadecimal format)
Mask
Bits in the pattern to be compared. (hexadecimal format)
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Filter Defines /IP Filter Defines
Write security: 2; Read security: 3
The IP filter defines apply to any IP packet, whether it is routed or
bridged. Up to 32 IP defines can be specified.
Name
Identifies the filter entry
IP Src
IP address compared to the source address.
(dotted decimal format)
Src Mask
Bits which are used in the source comparison.
(dotted decimal format)
IP Dest
IP address compared to the destination address. (dotted decimal format)
Dest Mask
Bits which are used in the destination comparison. (dotted decimal format)
Src Port
IP source port number used for comparison
Range: 0 to 65535. (decimal format)
Src Port Cmpr Type of comparison that is performed
=
means ports equal to
not =
means port not equal to
>
means port greater than
<
means port less than
None
means the source port is not compared
Dst Port
IP destination port number used for comparison Range: 0 to 65535. (decimal format)
Dst Port Cmpr Type of comparison that is performed
=
means ports equal to
not =
means port not equal to
>
means port greater than
<
means port less than
None
means the destination port is not compared
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Proto
Protocol used for comparison. Range: 0 to
255. (decimal format)
Proto Cmpr
Type of comparison that is performed
=
means protocols equal to
not =
means protocols not equal to
>
means protocols greater than
<
means protocols less than
None
means the protocol is not compared
TCP Est
Yes
only when TCP established
No
only when TCP not established
Ignore
ignore TCP flags
Filter Defines /IPX Filter Defines
Write security: 2; Read security: 3
The IPX filter defines apply to any IPX packet whether it is routed or
bridged. Also, any IPX encapsulation type will be accounted for. Up
to 32 IPX defines can be specified.
Name
Identifies the filter entry (15 characters
max)
Src Net
32-bit source network address
Src Mask
Bits in the source network address which
are compared. (hexadecimal format)
Dest Net
32-bit destination network address
Dest Mask
Bits in the destination network address
which are compared. (hexadecimal format)
Src Socket
16-bit value which is the source socket.
Range: 0-65535.
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Src Socket Comp Type of comparison that is performed:
=
means socket equal to
Not =
means socket not equal to
>
means socket greater than
<
means socket less than
None
no comparison is done on source socket
Dest Socket
16-bit value which is the destination socket.
Range: 0-65535.
Dest Socket
Comp
Type of comparison that is performed:
=
means socket equal to
Not =
means socket not equal to
>
means socket greater than
<
means socket less than
None
no comparison is done on destination
socket
Type
8-bit value which is the IPX type
Type Comp
Type of comparison that is performed:
=
means type equal to
Not =
means type not equal to
>
means type greater than
<
means type less than
None
no comparison is done on IPX type
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» Configuration/Frame Relay
Frame Relay is a connection-oriented service requiring circuits to be
configured by your carrier to establish a physical link between two or
more locations. Multiple virtual circuits (which appear as virtual
point-to-point links) can be run through the same physical connection.
There are two types of virtual circuits supported in Frame Relay: Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVC) and Switched Virtual Circuit (SVC).
PVCs are like dedicated point-to-point private lines. Since the physical connection is always there in the form of a leased line, call setup
and tear down is done by a carrier via a network management system.
SVCs require setup and tear down and are generally not available
from Frame Relay carriers. Virtually all Frame Relay communications
is done using PVCs. The Express 6100/6120 supports PVCs only.
A number called the Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) identifies
each virtual circuit within a shared physical channel.
Figure 3-8 shows the Frame Relay menu.
Figure 3-8. Configuration/Frame Relay Screen
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»» Frame Relay/Maintenance Protocol
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
The Frame Relay maintenance protocol is used on the WAN port. The
maintenance protocol is used to send link status and virtual circuit information between Frame Relay switches and other devices (such as
routers) that communicate with them. Possible choices are listed below.
Annex D (def) This is an ANSI standard and is the most commonly used standard in the US.
Annex A
This is the CCITT European standard.
LMI
This was developed by a vendor consortium
and is also known as the “consortium” management interface specification. It is still used
by some carriers in the U.S.
Static
This should be selected when there is no Frame
Relay switch in the circuit. The DLCIs are assigned in the DLCI Mapping and must be the
same for the device it will communicate with.
»» Frame Relay/Polling Frequency
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
This parameter is the interval that the Express 6100/6120 polls the
Frame Relay switch using the maintenance protocol selected above.
The Express 6100/6120 is required to poll the Frame Relay switch periodically to determine whether the link is active. The value is in seconds and ranges from 5 to 30 seconds with a default of 15 seconds.
»» Frame Relay/DLCI Mapping
This menu allows each DLCI to be mapped to a particular Frame Relay maintenance protocol. Each protocol parameter can be individually configured for each DLCI. By factory default, the DLCI map is
empty.
When empty and a maintenance protocol other than static is used, the
Express 6100/6120 will poll the switch to determine which DLCIs are
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active. These active DLCIs will attempt to determine the IP and IPX
addresses on the other end of the virtual circuit using Inverse ARP
(IARP). If there is a response, the network learned will be added to the
router tables and the virtual circuit will be treated as an unnumbered
interface. Bridge connections are made using bridge group 1.
When more than one DLCI mapping is listed, the Express 6100/6120
will try to match the DLCIs learned from the Frame Relay switch with
the DLCI values in the map. If there is a match, the protocols specified
in the map are used. However, if an active DLCI is not in the list, it
looks for an entry that has 0 in the DLCI field. This entry is considered
the default entry to use when no match occurs. If this default entry is
not present, the Express 6100/6120 falls back to using IARP (as discussed in the previous paragraph) to determine the protocols to use
with that particular virtual circuit. If a static maintenance protocol is
used, at least one DLCI mapping must be specified.
To insert a new profile, press the I key when over the Num
column. A new inserted profile will always be set up with
the default parameters. To copy parameters from an old
profile to this newly inserted profile, use the copy (C) and
paste (P) keys. Entire configuration trees can be copied
with this method.
To delete an unused profile, use the D key when the cursor
is over the number in the Num column. Once deleted, the
profile is gone permanently as soon as the DLCI Mapping
is saved. Items may be deleted when DEL appears below
the status bar.
DLCI Mapping/Active
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
When this parameter is set to Yes (def), the mapping is used to determine the protocols used. If set to No, the Express 6100/6120 will ignore the virtual circuit with this DLCI.
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DLCI Mapping/DLCI
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
This is the DLCI associated with this virtual circuit. This value can
range from 16 to 1007.
DLCI Mapping/IP Map
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
This menu represents the IP protocol mapping that is to take place for
this DLCI.
IP Map/Active
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
When this is set to Yes (def), the Express 6100/6120 will attempt to
transport IP packets for this DLCI. A setting of No means that no IP
traffic or route will be exchanged.
IP Map/IARP
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
When this is set to Yes (def), the Express 6100/6120 will send Inverse
ARP packets to determine the IP address on the other end of the virtual circuit. If the IARP is responded to, a route is placed in the IP
route table. A setting of No means that the route address is to be assigned statically using the IP Map/Far-End IP Address parameter.
The Express 6100/6120 will always respond to Inverse ARP requests.
IP Map/Far-End IP Address
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
This is the IP address of the device on the other end of the virtual circuit. When this DLCI becomes active, the Express 6100/6120 will add
a route in the IP routing table.
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IP Map/IP Netmask
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
The IP network mask to apply to the Far-End IP Address and Link IP
Address is specified here.
IP Map/Link IP Address
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
The virtual circuit may require an IP address to be specified at this
DLCI interface. This is called a numbered interface. This address is
used by the Express 6100/6120 to respond to Inverse ARP requests. If
this IP address is left as 0.0.0.0, the link is treated as unnumbered and
the Express 6100/6120 responds to the Inverse ARP with its Ethernet
IP address.
IP Map/RIP Protocol
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
The RIP protocol can be specified per DLCI. The possible selections
are Off (meaning no RIP packets are listened to or sent), V1 (def)
(which is RIP version 1) or V2 (which is RIP version 2).
IP Map/RIP Method
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
The way the RIP protocol sends out its advertisements is specified
here:
All routes in the router table are advertised out this virtual circuit with no modification of the metrics.
None
Split Horizon (def) Only routes not learned from this particular virtual circuit are advertised.
Poison Reverse
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All routes are advertised, but the routes
learned from this port are “poisoned”
with an infinite metric.
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IP Map/RIP Direction
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
This parameter allows the direction at which RIP advertisements are
sent and listened to be specified.
Tx and Rx (def) RIP advertisements are periodically transmitted and are listened to on this virtual circuit.
Tx Only
RIP advertisements are periodically transmitted but are not listened to on this virtual
circuit.
Rx Only
RIP is not transmitted on this virtual circuit
but they are listened to.
IP Map/NAT
The Express 6100/6120 can perform Network Address Translation
over a PVC. Setting this option to On will cause the Express 6100/6120
to translate between the Ethernet addresses and the configured Link
IP Address. Only one PVC may be used for translation at one time. If
more than one IP Map is configured for NAT, the first PVC which is
activated becomes the NAT port.
DLCI Mapping/IPX Map
This menu represents the IPX protocol mapping that is to take place
for this DLCI.
IPX Map/Active
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
When this is set to Yes (def), the Express 6100/6120 will attempt to
transport IPX packets for this DLCI. A setting of No means that no IPX
traffic or route will be exchanged.
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IPX Map/IARP
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
When this is set to Yes (def), the Express 6100/6120 will send Inverse
ARP packets to determine the IPX network on the other end of the virtual circuit. If the IARP is responded to, a route is placed in the IPX
route table. A setting of No means that the IPX network is to be assigned to the link statically using the IPX Map/Link Network parameter. The Express 6100/6120 will always respond to Inverse ARP
requests.
IPX Map/Link Network
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
This is the IPX network of the link or of the other device’s LAN. When
this DLCI becomes active, the Express 6100/6120 will add a route to
this network in the IPX routing table. This address is also used by the
Express 6100/6120 to respond to Inverse ARP requests. If this IPX address is left as 0, the link is treated as unnumbered and the Express
6100/6120 responds to the Inverse ARP with its Ethernet IPX address.
DLCI Mapping/Bridge Map
This menu is used to permit bridging of packets over this DLCI. Each
DLCI or virtual circuit must be assigned a bridge group. The bridge
group treats all virtual circuits as one circuit. Bridge packets destined
to be transmitted out a particular bridge group are copied and transmitted individually out each DLCI in the bridge group. However, incoming bridge packets received from one DLCI are not retransmitted
out the other DLCIs in the same bridge group. Any device in the
bridge group must transmit to each DLCI. This requires a fully
meshed circuit, meaning each device has a virtual circuit to each other.
Bridge Map/Active
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
When this is set to Yes (def), the Express 6100/6120 will bridge packets to and from this DLCI. Bridge packets are any packets that are not
IP or IPX packets except when the router is turned off, in which case
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that particular router’s protocol packets are bridged. A setting of No
means that no bridging will occur.
Bridge Map/Bridge Group
Write security: 3, Read security: 5
The bridge group that this DLCI is part of is specified here as Group
1 or Group 2. These groups correspond to the spanning tree protocols
Bridge Group 1 and Bridge Group 2.
DLCI Mapping/Filters
The Express 6100/6120 can block packets in and out of a PVC port by
use of the filters. They are set up in two steps: 1) define the types of
packets that would be of interest in the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines menu, and 2) set up the filter type and combination of defines
that will cause a packet block.
Filters/In from PVC
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The packets which come into the Express 6100/6120 via this PVC can
be filtered in three ways:
Disabled
(def)
Turns off packet input filtering. No incoming
packets from this PVC are blocked.
Block All
All incoming packets from this PVC are blocked
except as defined in the Filters/In Exceptions
list.
Forward All All incoming packets from this PVC are not
blocked except as defined in the Filters/In Exceptions list.
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Filters/In Exceptions
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This is a list of up to 32 filter entries which can be combined using the
operations field. The operations are performed in the order they appear on the list.
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Active
Turns this entry active when set to On.
Type
Selects the filter define list to reference:
MAC
from the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines/MAC Filter Defines list.
Pattern
from the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines/Pattern Filter Defines list.
IP
from the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines/IP Filter Defines list.
IPX
from the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines/IPX Filter Defines list.
Filter List
Name
Selects between filters defined in the list.
Next Oper
The next operation to use to combine with the
next filter in the list:
END
the last filter to combination.
AND
logically AND this filter with the next filter
in the list
OR
logically OR this filter with the next filter in
the list.
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Filters/Out to PVC
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The packets which transmit out this PVC from the Express 6100/6120
can be filtered in three ways:
Disabled (def) Turns off packet output filtering. No outgoing packets to this PVC are blocked.
Block All
All outgoing packets to this PVC are blocked
except as defined in the Filters/Out Exceptions list.
Forward All
All outgoing packets to this PVC are not
blocked except as defined in the Filters/Out
Exceptions list.
Filters/Out Exceptions
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This is a list of up to 32 filter entries. The setup is exactly the same as
the Filter/In Exceptions list.
Maintenance DLCI
The Express 6100/6120 can be configured from the WAN without
having to preset a DLCI mapping or IP address. This value is the DLCI
number used to open an IP session by the Express 6100/6120. Any IP
packet arriving from the PVC is assumed to be for the Express 6100/
6120’s IP stack. The destination address in the packet is assigned as the
PVC’s link IP address. The source address is used to add a host route
in the routing table. The default is 901, but any legal DLCI number can
be used.
BECN Timeout
This value is expressed in milliseconds and represents the amount of
time the Express 6100/6120 will stop transmitting over a PVC which
received a packet with the BECN bit set. The default is 1.5 seconds.
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» Configuration/PPP Profile
The Express 6100/6120 uses the PPP profile to specify the profile used
when connected using PPP. Figure 3-9 shows the PPP profile menu.
Figure 3-9. Configuration/PPP Profile Screen
»» PPP Profile/Authentication
The authentication menu contains the required parameters for the authentication of the PPP peer and for being authenticated by the PPP
peer. Authentication is applied between the Express 6100/6120 and
the PPP peer as follows:
Authentication/Tx Method
Write security: 2; Read security: 3
This parameter specifies how the Express 6100/6120 is to be authenticated by the PPP peer. There are four possible selections. See Security/
PPP on page 3-27 for an explanation of the three PPP standard authentication types.
None (def)
The connection will not allow the PPP peer to
authenticate it.
PAP, CHAP or The connection can be authenticated using
PAP, CHAP or EAP.
EAP
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CHAP or EAP
The connection can be authenticated using
CHAP or EAP only.
EAP
The connection will only allow authentication by the peer using EAP.
Authentication/Tx Username
Write security: 1; Read security: 3
This is the username that is used when being authenticated by the PPP
peer.
Authentication/Tx Password
Write security: 0; Read security: 1
This is the password or secret that is used when being authenticated
by the PPP peer.
Authentication/Rx Username
Write security: 1; Read security: 3
This is the username used to authenticate the PPP peer.
Authentication/Rx Password
Write security: 0; Read security: 1
This is the password or secret that is used to authenticate the PPP peer.
»» PPP Profile/IP
The IP menu contains the parameters for exchanging IP data with the
PPP peer.
IP/Mode
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Setting to On will permit this connection profile to negotiate PPP IPCP
with the PPP peer for exchanging of IP packets. The default is Off.
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IP/NAT
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
The Express 6100/6120 can perform Network Address Translation.
This feature is most widely used when connecting to the Internet. The
Ethernet network can consist of private network numbers. When this
profile is connected, all IP addresses on the Ethernet side are translated into the one real IP address negotiated with the PPP peer (ISP).
Multiple stations on the Ethernet side can access the Internet simultaneously. See the section IP/NAT on page 3-15 for more global options.
Setting this option to On will cause the Express 6100/6120 to perform
NAT. In the Off (def) position, the unit will route across the connection normally.
IP/Route
The IP parameters are configured in this menu. Usually the Express
6100/6120 will automatically discover the PPP peer’s networks using PPP
IPCP and/or RIP.
Route/IP/Net
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
The PPP peer’s IP address or network can be set here, if known. Leaving this at 0.0.0.0 means that the Express 6100/6120 will determine the
PPP peer’s IP and network using the PPP IPCP.
Route/Netmask
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This network mask is applied to the IP/NET address for determining
the PPP peer’s network. If left as 0.0.0.0, a standard network mask is
used.
Route/Force IP
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
When set to Yes, the Express 6100/6120 will force the PPP peer to use
the IP address in the IP/Net for this profile as its WAN IP address.
Normally this is set in the No (def) position.
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Link IP
This is the IP address that is assigned to the PPP link when using numbered links. By default, no address is assigned and the PPP link is unnumbered.
IP/RIP
The RIP parameters can be adjusted from their defaults under this
menu.
RIP/Mode
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
The Express 6100/6120 performs RIP over the WAN connection when
this is set to On.
RIP/Protocol
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
The Express 6100/6120 performs version 1, V1 (def), or version 2, V2,
of RIP on this WAN connection.
RIP/Method
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Split Horizon
Only routes not learned on the WAN connection are advertised.
Poison Reverse All routes are advertised, including routes
learned from the WAN connection. These
(def)
routes are poisoned.
None
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learned from the WAN connection. No attempt is made to poison these routes.
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RIP/Direction
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Tx and Rx (def) RIP advertisements are transmitted and
listened to on the WAN connection.
Tx only
RIP advertisements are transmitted and
not listened to.
Rx only
RIP advertisements are listened to but not
transmitted.
RIP/Triggered
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
When set to Yes, only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing table
has changed and learned routes are not “aged.” When set to No (def),
updates are sent periodically.
»» PPP Profile/IPX
The IPX menu contains the parameters for exchanging IPX data with
the PPP peer.
IPX/Mode
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Setting to On will permit this connection profile to negotiate PPP IPXCP with the PPP peer for exchanging of IPX packets.
IPX/Remote Network
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
A non-zero value in this remote network number will allow the Express 6100/6120 to add a route to the PPP peer’s network to the routing table.
The Express 6100/6120 normally will treat the WAN network as an
unnumbered link. This is usually referred to as being a “half-router.”
However, a PPP peer which wants to assign a network address to the
WAN link can do so, in which case the Express 6100/6120 will go into
“full-router” mode.
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IPX/Triggered
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
When set to Yes, only IPX RIP and SAP updates are sent when the
routing or service table has changed and learned routes are not
“aged.” When set to No (def), updates are sent periodically based on
the RIP and SAP timers set in Configuration/IPX/RIP Timer and Configuration/IPX/SAP Timer.
IPX/Type 20 Packets
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
For certain protocol implementations, like NetBIOS, to function in the
NetWare environment, routes must allow a broadcast packet to be
propagated throughout the IPX networks. The Type 20 IPX packet is
used specifically for this purpose. This causes special handling of this
packet by the Express 6100/6120. When a router receives this type of
packet, it rebroadcasts it across all interfaces except the one it is received on and includes the network number of that interface in the
data portion of the packet. The IPX Router Specification from Novell
notes that Type 20 packets should not be propagated across slower
links with bandwidths of less than 1Mbps (like ISDN). However,
when set to Pass (def), the Express 6100/6120 will allow these packets
to propagate over the WAN connection. This facilitates dial-on-demand applications. When set to Block, all Type 20 packets are not
propagated across the WAN connection.
»» PPP Profile/Bridge
The Bridge menu contains the parameters needed for exchanging
bridged packets with the PPP peer.
Bridge/Mode
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
When set to On (def), the Express 6100/6120 will attempt to negotiate
PPP BCP with the PPP peer. Bridging can be used even in route mode
only if the PPP peer cannot support certain PPP protocols for that particular routing protocol. See Bridge/WAN IP Bridge on page 3-22 and
Bridge/WAN IPX Bridge on page 3-23 for further details.
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»» PPP Profile/PPP
The Express 6100/6120 supports the IETF standards for the Point-toPoint Protocol. The PPP state machine running in the Express 6100/
6120 can be fine-tuned to support many applications that can be employed. The configurable items under this menu can be changed from
their default values for special cases.
PPP/VJ Compression
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
When this item is set to On, the Express 6100/6120 will perform TCP/
IP header compression known as Van Jacobson compression to the
PPP peer. Normally, this is not necessary over ISDN connections and
can be set to Off (def) to disable it.
PPP/Max Config
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This value is the number of unanswered configuration-requests that
should be transmitted before giving up on a call. The possible values
are 5, 10 (def), 15 and 20.
PPP/Max Timer
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
This value is the number of seconds to wait between unanswered configuration-requests. The possible values are 1 sec, 2 secs (def), 3 secs, 5
secs and 10 secs.
PPP/Max Failure
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
Due to the nature of PPP, configuration options may not be agreed
upon between two PPP peers. This value is the number of configuration-naks that should occur before an option is configuration-rejected.
This allows a connection to succeed that might otherwise fail. The possible values are 5 (def), 10, 15 and 20.
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»» PPP Profile/Filters
The Express 6100/6120 can block packets in and out of a WAN port by
use of the filters. They are set up in two steps: 1) define the types of
packets that would be of interest in the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines menu, and 2) set up the filter type and combination of defines
that will cause a packet block.
Filters/WAN-to-LAN (In)
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The packets which come into the Express 6100/6120 can be filtered in
three ways:
Disabled (def) Turns off packet input filtering. No incoming
packets are blocked.
Block All
All incoming packets from the WAN are
blocked except as defined in the Filters/In Exceptions list.
Forward All
All incoming packets from the WAN are not
blocked except as defined in the Filters/In Exceptions list.
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Filters/In Exceptions
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This is a list of up to 32 filter entries which can be combined using the
operations field. The operations are performed in the order they appear on the list.
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Active
Turns this entry active when set to On.
Type
Selects the filter define list to reference:
MAC
from the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines/MAC Filter Defines list.
Pattern
from the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines/Pattern Filter Defines list.
IP
from the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines/IP Filter Defines list.
IPX
from the Configuration/Security/Filter
Defines/IPX Filter Defines list.
Filter List
Name
Selects between filters defined in the list.
Next Oper
The next operation to use to combine with
the next filter in the list:
END
the last filter to combination.
AND
logically AND this filter with the next filter
in the list.
OR
logically OR this filter with the next filter in
the list.
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Filters/LAN-to-WAN (Out)
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
The packets which come out toward the WAN from the Express
6100/6120 can be filtered in three ways:
Disabled (def)
Turns off packet output filtering. No outgoing packets are blocked.
Block All
All outgoing packets to the WAN are blocked
except as defined in the Filters/Out Exceptions list.
Forward All
All outgoing packets to the WAN are not
blocked except as defined in the Filters/Out
Exceptions list.
Filters/Out Exceptions
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This is a list of up to 32 filter entries. The setup is exactly the same as
the Filter/In Exceptions list.
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» Configuration/Management
The Express 6100/6120 can be managed using Telnet, Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP), or the maintenance port. See SNMP
on page C-1 for a description of the MIBs supported by the Express
6100/6120. Each of the three methods can be protected using authentication. Figure 3-10 shows the Configuration/Management menu.
Figure 3-10. Configuration/Management Screen
»» Management/Telnet/Web
Any Telnet client application can bring up a session to the Express
6100/6120’s Telnet server using the standard Telnet TCP port. Only
one session is supported at a time. All sessions require a user name
and password.
Telnet/Web/Server Access
Write security: 2; Read security: 5
This option must be set to On (def) to access the Express 6100/6120 via
Telnet or via a web browser. Turning it Off means that access is denied.
Telnet/Web/User List
Up to four users can be configured for access to the Express 6100/
6120. Each user can be assigned a privilege and time out.
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User List/Name
Write security: 1; Read security: 3
A text string of the user name for this session.
User List/Authen Method
Write security: 1; Read security: 3
The user can be authenticated in two ways:
Password
The Password field is used to authenticate the user.
Radius
The Radius client is used for authenticating the
user.
User List/Password
Write security: 0; Read security: 3
When the authenticating method is password, this text string is used
for the password.
User List/Idle Time
Write security: 1; Read security: 3
When set to non-zero, the session is automatically logged out when no
activity occurs for this amount of time. The range is 0 to 255 and is in
minutes. The default is 10 minutes, and a setting of 0 will never timeout the session. When a timeout occurs during an edit session, all
changes are saved.
User List/Level
Write security: 0; Read security: 1
This is the security level privilege that is assigned for this user. See Security Levels on page 3-7 for an explanation of what those levels imply.
Level 0 is the default.
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»» Management/SNMP
The Express 6100/6120 is an SNMP agent. It can respond to Get-Requests, Set-Requests, and generate traps. These two lists set up the
manager, communities, and levels. See SNMP on page C-1 for more
information on SNMP.
SNMP Access
Write security: 3; Read security: 5
When set to No, SNMP access is denied. When set to On (def), the Express 6100/6120 will respond to SNMP managers based on the following lists.
SNMP/Communities
This list is used to set up to eight SNMP communities’ names that the
Express 6100/6120 will allow. Factory default sets the community
“public” with “Get” privileges.
Communities/Name
Write security: 1; Read security: 3
This is a text string for the community name.
Communities/Privilege
Write security: 1; Read security: 3
The access for this manager can be assigned three levels.
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None
No access is allowed for this community or manager.
Get
Manager can only read items.
Get/Set
Manager can read and set items.
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Communities/Manager IP
Write security: 1; Read security: 3
This is the IP address of SNMP manager. If set to 0.0.0.0, any SNMP
manager can access the Express 6100/6120 for this community.
SNMP/Traps
The Express 6100/6120 can generate SNMP traps. See SNMP on page
C-1 for trap types supported. This list allows up to four managers to
be listed to receive traps.
Traps/Manager Name
Write security: 2; Read security: 4
This is the text string describing the name of the entry. It is intended
for easy reference and has no bearing on the SNMP trap function.
Traps/Manager IP
Write security: 2; Read security: 4
This is the IP address of the manager that is to receive the traps.
»» Management/Maint Port
The Express 6100/6120 has an EIA-232 connector on the back of the
unit. The setup for that port is under this menu.
Maint Port/Password Protect
Write security: 0; Read security: 1
When set to No, the maintenance port is not password protected.
When On (def), the Express 6100/6120 will prompt for a password
upon startup.
Maint Port/Password
Write security: 0; Read security: 1
This is the text string that is used for comparison when password protecting the maintenance port. By default, no password is entered.
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The security level for the maintenance port is always set to 0.
This gives full access to all menus.
Maint Port/Baud Rate
Write security: 5; Read security: 5
This is the asynchronous rate that the maintenance port will run. The
possible values are 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 (def), 19200, 38400,
57600, 115200.
Maint Port/Data Bits
Write security: 5; Read security: 5
This is the asynchronous bit rate that the maintenance port will run.
The possible values are 7 or 8 (def) bits.
Maint Port/Parity
Write security: 5; Read security: 5
This is the asynchronous parity that the maintenance port will run.
The possible values are None (def), Odd, or Even.
Maint Port/Stop Bits
Write security: 5; Read security:5
This is the stop bit used for the maintenance port. The possible values
are 1 (def), 1.5 or 2.
» Configuration/Terminal Mode
This is an activator which places the Express 6100/6120 terminal session into a command prompt mode. All menu options are accessible
during this mode. See Terminal Mode Commands on page E-1 for the
command structure and command list. Type exit to leave the terminal
mode and return to the menus.
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>
STATUS MENU
The Express 6100/6120’s Status menu contains comprehensive status
and diagnostic information used in verifying configuration and identifying problems. The menus are divided into protocol types and sessions. Figure 3-11 shows the Status menu.
Figure 3-11. Status Screen
» Status/Sessions
This menu contains the current status of all sessions and spanning tree
ports.
»» Sessions/PPP Session
Read security: 5
This menu reflects the results of PPP negotiations, user name, time
connected, and data rates for the session.
PPP Links
Reflects LCP layer active
BCP
Shows UP if PPP Bridge Control Protocol has negotiated successfully
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IPCP
Shows UP if PPP IP Control Protocol
has negotiated successfully
IPXCP
Shows UP if PPP IPX Control Protocol
has negotiated successfully
Up Time
Displays how long the call has been
connected
Tx Pkts
Number of packets transmitted
Rx Pkts
Number of packets received
Tx Bytes
Number of bytes transmitted
Rx Bytes
Number of bytes received
Tx Rate
Current application data transmission
rate
Rx Rate
Current application data reception rate
»» Sessions/Frame Relay
Frame Relay/Port
Shows Frame Relay statistics for the WAN port.
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Port Index
Always displays 0
Signal State
Displays “up” when the Express 6100/
6120 is communicating with the Frame
Relay switch; otherwise displays
“down”
Tx Frames
Total packets transmitted out
Rx Frames
Total packets received from port
Tx Bytes
Total bytes transmitted out port
Rx Bytes
Total bytes received from port
Tx Throughput
Current transmit rate for port
Rx Throughput
Current receive rate for port
Signal Tx Frames
Number of Frame Relay signalling
packets transmitted out port
Signal Rx Frames
Number of Frame Relay signalling
packets received from port
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Drop Unknown DLCI Number of frames received that were
not associated with any known PVC
Number of frames received that had illegal DLCIs
Drop Invalid DLCI
Frame Relay/DLCI Table
The status of all virtual circuits is displayed here.
DLCI
The DLCI that is associated with this virtual
circuit.
State
The state of the virtual circuit:
Inactive
means the circuit exists but has been deactivated by the Frame Relay switch.
Exists
means the circuit exists at this point and
should be activated soon.
Active
means the circuit is fully active.
Off
means the circuit has been turned off by the
DLCI mapping active selection.
Tx Frames
Number of Frame Relay packets that have
been transmitted via this DLCI.
Rx Frames
Number of Frame Relay packets that have
been received via this DLCI.
Tx Bytes
Number of Frame Relay bytes that have been
transmitted via this DLCI.
Rx Bytes
Number of Frame Relay bytes that have been
received via this DLCI.
IP SubIfc
The IP router port assigned for this DLCI.
Possible ports are fr0, fr1, … , fr9. None
means that this DLCI not used for routing IP.
IPX SubIfc
The IPX router port assigned for this DLCI.
Possible ports are fr0, fr1, … , fr9. None means
that this DLCI not used for routing IPX.
Bridge Group
The bridge group that this DLCI belongs to
(Group 1 or Group 2). None means that this
DLCI is not used for bridging.
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Tx Throughput Current transmit rate of this DLCI
Rx Throughput Current receive rate of this DLCI
De Count
Number of packets received on this DLCI
with the De bit set
Cr Count
Number of packets received on this DLCI
with the Cr bit set
Becn Count
Number of packets received on this DLCI
with the Becn bit set
Fecn Count
Number of packets received on this DLCI
with the Fecn bit set
»» Sessions/Spanning Tree
Read security: 5
When Bridge mode and Spanning Tree mode are active, this reflects
the current state of the LAN and WAN ports. The following can appear:
Off
Appears when Spanning Tree mode is disabled
Disabled
Port is not connected (for WAN) or disabled in
configuration
Listening
Port is in the listening state
Learning
Port is in the learning state
Forwarding
Port is in the forwarding state with the following possible properties:
root
designated
Blocking
is the root port
is designated port
Port is in the blocked state
» Status/ARP Cache
Read security: 5
This lists the contents of the Express 6100/6120’s ARP table. All resolved cache entries time out after 20 minutes. Unresolved entries
time out in 3 minutes.
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»» ARP Cache/IP Address
IP address used for resolving MAC address.
»» ARP Cache /MAC Address
Ethernet address resolved (0=no resolution).
»» ARP Cache/Time
Minutes since entry was first entered.
» Status/Bridge Table
Read security: 5
This lists the contents of the Express 6100/6120’s bridge table.
»» Bridge Cache/MAC Address
Ethernet address for device learned.
»» Bridge Cache/Port
Port device learned from: LAN, WAN0, or WAN1. WAN0 and WAN1
represent Bridge Group 1 and Bridge Group 2, respectively.
»» Bridge Cache/TTL
Seconds until address is removed from table.
» Status/IP Routes
Read security: 5
This lists the contents of the Express 6100/6120’s IP router table.
»» IP Routes /IP Address
Network or host destination address.
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»» IP Routes /Netmask
Network mask applied to the destination address.
»» IP Routes /Gateway
Host or router to receive this packet.
»» IP Routes /Port
Port gateway is located on:
local
sent directly to the Express 6100/6120 router
eth0
Express 6100/6120’s ethernet port
wan0
Express 6100/6120’s first PPP bundle
fr 0 . . . fr 9
Express 6100/6120 is connected up to 10 DLCIs
»» IP Routes /Use
Number of times the Express 6100/6120 has referenced the route.
»» IP Routes/Flags
Important tags associated with this route entry:
H route is a host route
G route is a gateway route
D route learned dynamically from RIP
I
route learned from an ICMP redirect
P
route is private and is not advertised with RIP
T
route is to a triggered port (updates only when table changes)
»» IP Routes/Hops
Number of routers that must go through to get to destination. Ranges
from 0-15 or 16 for infinite (can’t get there from here).
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»» IP Routes/TTL
Seconds until address is removed from table or “zombied.” Value of
999 means route is static.
» Status/IPX Routes
Read security: 5
This lists the contents of the Express 6100/6120’s IPX router table.
»» IPX Routes /Network
Network destination address.
»» IPX Routes /Gateway
Node or Ethernet address of gateway to receive this packet.
»» IPX Routes /Port
Port gateway is located on
local
sent directly to the Express 6100/6120 router
eth0
Express 6100/6120’s ethernet port
wan0
Express 6100/6120’s first PPP bundle
fr 0 . . . fr 9
Express 6100/6120 is connected up to 10 DLCIs
»» IPX Routes/Use
Number of times the Express 6100/6120 has referenced the route.
»» IPX Routes/Hops
Number of routers that must go through to get to destination. Ranges
from 0-15 or 16 for infinite (can’t get there from here).
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»» IPX Routes/Ticks
Router determined value for representing time packets take to reach
the network destination. One tick is equivalent to one-eighteenth of a
second.
»» IPX Routes/TTL
Seconds until address is removed from table. Value of 999 means
route is static.
» Status/IPX Servers
Read security: 5
This lists the contents of the Express 6100/6120’s IPX server table.
»» IPX Servers/Type
The server type
»» IPX Servers/Name
The server name
»» IPX Servers/Network
The server network address
»» IPX Servers /Address
The servers node address
»» IPX Servers/Socket
The servers socket address
»» IPX Servers/Hops
Number of routers that must go through to get to server. Ranges from
0-15 or 16 for infinite.
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»» IPX Servers/TTL
Seconds until address is removed from table. Value of 999 means server is static.
» Status/WAN Stats
Read security: 5
This menu contains generic WAN statistics on HDLC hardware port.
HDLC Port
Tx Bytes
total number of raw bytes sent out HDLC port 1
Rx Bytes
total number of raw bytes received in HDLC
port 1
Rx CRCs
total number of CRC errors detected on HDLC
port 1
Clear Counts When activated, clears all WAN stat counts
» Status/LAN Stats
Read security: 5
This menu contains statistics for the Ethernet port.
Tx Packets
Packets transmitted out the Ethernet port
Rx Packets
Packets received from the Ethernet port
Tx Errors
Total transmit errors encountered on
Ethernet port
Single Collisions total single collisions before successful
transmission
Multiple
Collisions
total multiple collisions before successful
transmission
Excessive
Collisions
total collisions that resulted in packet being dropped
Deferred
Transmissions
total packets deferred due to collisions
Carrier Sense
Errors
total carrier sense errors encountered (no
link integrity)
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Total packets received in error and
dropped
Rx Errors
CRCs
total packets detected with CRC errors
Giants
total packets received that were greater
than 1518 bytes
Runts
total packets received that were less
than 64 bytes
Rx Collisions
total collision occurred during reception
When activated, clears all LAN Stat
counts.
Clear Counts
» Status/IP Stats
Read security: 5
This menu contains IP statistics that can be useful when diagnosing
problems. All are taken from the SNMP MIB-2 variables.
Active TCP connections
Bad header packets
Bad IP addresses
Bad protocol discards
Clear Counts - clears all IP stats
Datagrams discarded
Default TTL
Disassembled fragments
Discarded routing entries
Errorfree discards
Failed fragments
ICMP messages received
ICMP messages sent
ICMP packet errors
ICMP redirected messages
ICMP specif if errors
ICMP timeouts received
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IP datagrams reassembled
IP datagrams received
IP datagrams sent
IP reassembly failures
IP reassembly timeout
No application at dest. port
Routeless discards
Sent datagrams to upper layers
Successful fragments
TCP current connections
TCP failed attempts
TCP passive connections
TCP segments received
TCP segments sent
Total forwarded datagrams
Total IP fragments
Total TCP resets
Total TCP retransmits
UDP bad packets
UDP datagrams received
UDP datagrams sent
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>
TEST MENU
The Express 6100/6120’s Test menu contains built-in tests that can be
used to diagnose problems. Figure 3-12 shows the Test menu screen.
Figure 3-12. Test Screen
The following tests can be run:
» Test Menu/Echo Request
Write security: 4, Read security: 5
When activated, the echo request test will begin sending continuous
PPP echo request packets to any open LCP ports. Results are displayed on the screen. This is not used in the Frame Relay mode.
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>
LOGS MENU
The Logs menu contain logs displaying important information about
the running condition of the Express 6100/6120. The logs can be set to
capture diagnostics of error conditions only by way of a log level. The
levels are divided up as follows:
level 0 Fatal event (causes reset)
level 1 Critical event
level 2 Error event
level 3 Warning event
level 4 Notify event
level 5 Informational event
level 6 Debugging event
Figure 3-13 shows the Logs menu. The three logs available are listed after the figure.
Figure 3-13. Logs Screen
» Logs/Sys log Host
Set this to the IP address or domain name (if DNS configured) of the
sys log host device. All log events are sent to this device.
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» Logs/PPP Log
Information pertaining to the PPP negotiation and authentication will
be logged here.
»» PPP Log/Active
When set to Yes (def), PPP events below or equal to the log level are
logged into the log.
»» PPP Log/Wrap
When set to Yes (def), new PPP events will overwrite old PPP events
when the log is full. All logging will stop when the log is full and set
to No.
»» PPP Log/Level
In order to log events, they must be at or below this level. Range is 0
to 6. The default is 3.
»» PPP Log/View
This menu displays the log list. The fields are as follows:
Date/Time
Date and time event occurred.
Level
Level associated with this event (0-6).
Message
Text message for this event. If message is too long
to fit on the line, another event appears below it
continuing the message.
»» PPP Log/Clear
This clears the log when activated.
» Logs/Connection Log
Information pertaining to the connection over the IDSL link.
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»» Connection Log/Active
When set to Yes (def), connection events below or equal to the log level are logged into the log.
»» Connection Log/Wrap
When set to Yes (def), new connection events will overwrite old connection events when the log is full. All logging will stop when the log
is full and set to No.
»» Connection Log/Level
To log events, they must be at or below this level. Range is 0 to 6. The
default is 3.
»» Connection Log/View
This menu displays the log list. The fields are as follows:
Date/Time Date and time event occurred.
Level
Level associated with this event (0-6).
Message
Text message for this event. If message is too long
to fit on the line, another event appears below it
continuing the message.
»» Connection Log/Clear
This clears the log when activated.
» Logs/Network Log
Information pertaining to the routing protocols is placed in this log.
»» Network Log/Active
When set to Yes (def), call events below or equal to the log level are
logged into the log.
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»» Network Log/Wrap
When set to Yes (def), new Network events will overwrite old Network events when the log is full. All logging will stop when the log is
full and set to No.
»» Network Log/Level
To log events, they must be at or below this level. Range is 0 to 6. The
default is 3.
»» Network Log/View
This menu displays the log list. The fields are as follows:
Date/Time Date and time event occurred.
Level
Level associated with this event (0-6).
Message
Text message for this event. If message is too long
to fit on the line, another event appears below it
continuing the message.
»» Network Log/Clear
This clears the log when activated.
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>
UTILITIES MENU
TheExpress 6100/6120 has utilities embedded in it to help in managing and
testing the network and to facilitate software upgrades. Figure 3-14 shows
the Utilities menu.
Figure 3-14. Utilities Screen
» Utilities/Ping
Write security: 4; Read security: 5
The ping menu is used to send ICMP ping messages to hosts. The following items are under this menu:
Start/Stop
Activator to start and cancel a ping test.
Host Address
IP address or domain name (if DNS is configured) of device to receive the ping
Size
Total size of ping to send. Range is 40 (def) to
1500 bytes.
# of Packets
Total packets to send every two seconds
# of Transmits Total packets sent (read only)
# of Receives
Total packets received (read only)
% Loss
Percentage loss based on ping returned form
host (read only)
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» Utilities/Telnet Client
Write security: 4; Read security: 5
The Telnet menu can be used to activate the Telnet client function in
the Express 6100/6120.
Host
IP address or domain name (if DNS is configured)
of Telnet server. By default, the standard TCP server port is used. However, a nonstandard port can be
specified here with the IP address or domain name
separated by a colon (:).
Activate Starts Telnet client function. The key combination
Control ] cancels the session.
» Utilities/Upgrade Menu
Write security: 2; Read security: 3
The Express 6100/6120’s firmware can be upgraded using this menu.
»» Upgrade/Transfer Method
The two methods for upgrading are TFTP and XMODEM. TFTP requires a TFTP server running somewhere on the network. The Express 6100/6120 starts a TFTP client function which gets the upgrade
code from the TFTP server. Selecting XMODEM will load the upgrade
code through the maintenance port using any PC terminal emulator
with xmodem capability.
»» Upgrade/TFTP Host
This is required when the transfer method is TFTP. It is the IP address
or domain name (if DNS is configured) of the TFTP server.
»» Upgrade/Filename
This is required when the transfer method is TFTP. It is the case-sensitive file name which is the upgrade code.
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»» Upgrade/Status
This appears when TFTP is used. It displays the status of the transfer
as it happens. Any error or success message will be displayed here.
»» Upgrade/Start Transfer
This activator is used when the configurable items in this menu are
complete.
Once started, the Express 6100/6120 will prompt for erasing
the flash. When the flash is erased and the upgrade transfer
fails, do not turn off the unit. Retry the transfer until
successful. Otherwise, if power is removed before upgrade has
finished, the upgrade will have to occur from the maintenance
port using XMODEM. If this happens, set a PC terminal
emulation program to 9600 baud and attach to the Express
6100/6120’s maintenance port. Press Return to display a
simple terminal menu for upgrading. This menu appears
when the flash code has been erased or is corrupt. The menu
will also appear if you power up with the back panel switch
one in the up position.
»» Upgrade/Abort Transfer
Use this activator to cancel any TFTP transfer in progress.
»» Upgrade/TFTP Server
Setting this to Yes allows another Express 6100/6120 to upgrade its
code using TFTP client. This, in effect, turns on the Express 6100/6120
TFTP server function and allows its code to be “cloned.” Setting to No
(def) will deny any request from TFTP clients.
» Utilities/Exit
Write security: 5; Read security: 5
Activating this feature will exit the terminal session from the maintenance port or Telnet. It is equivalent to the key combination Control L.
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Chapter 4
Specifications
SPECIFICATIONS AND FEATURES
This section lists the standard specifications and features incorporated
in the Express 6100/6120.
Network Interface
• RJ-45 for IDSL two-wire service
•
Signal Format: 2B1Q
•
Max distance per loop: 15 kft at 26 AWG
Ethernet Interface (LAN)
Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 10BaseT
Display
Available through terminal interface or Telnet session
Environmental
• Operating Temperature: 0 - 50 °C
•
Storage Temperature: 20 - 70 °C
•
Relative Humidity: Up to 95% non-condensing
Physical
• Dimensions: 1 1/2" H x 6 1/2" W x 4" D
•
Weight: 9.5 oz.
Power
120 VAC, 60 Hz, 8 W typical
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Appendix A
Loop Status Messages
The Express 6100/6120 displays current loop status of the IDSL on the
bottom center line of the terminal screen. The following messages are
defined:
Connected
This is seen when the Express 6100/6120 IDSL layer 1 is up. The rate
is determined by what it is configured for under Configuration/WAN/
IDSL/Rate.
Echo: Tx: X Rx: Y
The current transmit and receive count for the PPP echo request test.
Layer 1 up
The Express 6100/6120’s IDSL layer 1 is up.
Link down
The IDSL link is not synchronized.
Link In Sync
The IDSL link is synchronized but layer 1 is not up.
NET EOC LOOPBACK
Express 6100/6120 has received an IDSL EOC loopback command
from the far end.
RINGING
An incoming call is ringing.
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Appendix A. Loop Status Messages
Rate Status Messages
Displays the rate at which the connection has been established.
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Appendix B
Log Messages
The Express 6100/6120 Logs menu contains messages of events that
occur. The definitions for some of those log messages are as follows:
PPP LOG MESSAGES
BCP <X> down
level 5
Bridge Control Protocol port <X> has been dropped between Express
6100/6120 and PPP peer.
BCP <X> up
level 5
Bridge Control Protocol port <X> has been successfully negotiated between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer.
CCP <X> down
level 5
Compression Control Protocol port <X> has been dropped between
Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer.
CCP <X> up
level 5
Compression Control Protocol port <X> has been successfully negotiated between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer.
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Appendix B. Log Messages
CHAP authen failed
level 3
The PPP peer has rejected the Express 6100/6120’s username and/or
password used for authenticating. Check to make sure the Configuration/Connection List/Authentication parameters Tx Method, Tx
Username, and Tx Password are correct.
EAP authen failed
level 3
The PPP peer has rejected the Express 6100/6120’s username and/or
password used for authenticating. Check to make sure the Configuration/Connection List/Authentication parameters Tx Method, Tx
Username, and Tx Password are correct.
IPCP <X> down
level 5
IP Control Protocol port <X> has been dropped between Express
6100/6120 and PPP peer.
IPCP <X> up
level 5
IP Control Protocol port <X> has been successfully negotiated between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer.
IPXCP <X> down
level 5
IPX Control Protocol port <X> has been dropped between Express
6100/6120 and PPP peer.
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Appendix B. Log Messages
IPXCP <X> up
level 5
IPX Control Protocol port <X> has been successfully negotiated between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer.
LCP <X> down
level 5
Link Control Protocol port <X> has been dropped between Express
6100/6120 and PPP peer.
LCP <X> up
level 5
Link Control Protocol port <X> has been successfully negotiated between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer.
Link is looped back
level 3
The Express 6100/6120 has dialed a location which is looping back all
data. Essentially, it has negotiated PPP with itself.
Negot not converging
level 2
Negotiation of the LCP layer is unattainable due to misconfiguration
or the Express 6100/6120 or PPP peer is requiring authentication and
the other is refusing.
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Appendix B. Log Messages
No IP addr for peer
level 2
The Express 6100/6120 cannot continue the connection because there
was no IP address received from the PPP peer or it was not set in Configuration/Connection List/IP/Route/IP/Net parameter.
No Response from peer
level 2
The Express 6100/6120 has dialed or answered a call and no PPP negotiation packets were seen.
PAP authen failed
level 3
The PPP peer has rejected the Express 6100/6120’s username and/or
password used for authenticating. Ensure that the Configuration/
Connection List/Authentication parameters Tx Method, Tx Username, and Tx Password are correct.
Peer failed CHAP authen
level 3
The PPP peer’s reported CHAP username and/or password does not
match the Express 6100/6120’s parameters. This is most likely caused
by PPP peer sending an incorrect username and/or password. Make
sure the Configuration/Connection List/Authentication parameters
Rx Username and Rx Password are correctly entered. Also, if using
RADIUS, check that the server is configured and running properly.
Peer failed EAP authen
level 3
The PPP peer’s reported EAP username and/or password does not
match the Express 6100/6120’s parameters. This is most likely caused
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Appendix B. Log Messages
by PPP peer sending incorrect username and/or password. Make
sure the Configuration/Connection List/Authentication parameters
Rx Username and Rx Password are correctly entered. Also, if using
RADIUS, check that the server is configured and running properly.
Peer failed PAP authen
level 3
The PPP peer’s reported PAP username and/or password does not
match the Express 6100/6120’s parameters. This is most likely caused
by PPP peer sending incorrect username and/or password. Make
sure the Configuration/Connection List/Authentication parameters
Rx Username and Rx Password are correctly entered. Also, if using
RADIUS, check that the server is configured and running properly.
Peer refused authen
level 3
The PPP peer would not allow the Express 6100/6120 to authenticate
it using the method set in Configuration/Security/PPP.
Peer refused SpanTree
level 4
The PPP peer would not participate in the Spanning Tree protocol.
This is a warning message only. Bridging will still occur across the
WAN port so care must be taken that no loop topologies exist across
the connection.
PPPtx[x] …
level 6
Advance debugging decode of transmitted PPP configuration packets.
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Appendix B. Log Messages
PPPrx[x] …
level 6
Advanced debugging decode of received PPP configuration packets.
CALL LOG MESSAGES
Power Up - last down cause: <reason>
level 0 (displayed as level 1 after the unit is reset)
This is the <reason> for the last reset. Most are caused by internal errors. Possible reasons are:
Bus Error - Bad address occurred on the internal bus
Kernel error - General operating system error
No SBCs - Mail resources used up or lost
Router stack error - Fatal error in protocol stack
general panic - general error
no rip - rip tasks could not start
out of memory - out of available memory
out of TCP ports - all TCP ports are used up
unknown error - unknown fatal error has occurred
Set timer error - Cannot set real-time clock
Software Watch Dog Reset - Software watchdog was not updated
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Appendix B. Log Messages
NETWORK LOG MESSAGES
Attempting to add bad IP iface route: ifnum=<inter>
dest=<ip>
level 4
An IP address <ip> could not be used for the interface number <inter>.
DHCP couldn't alloc mem
level 1
A DHCP response could not be generated due to memory allocation
problems.
DHCP response sent
level 4
A DHCP response was successfully sent to requesting device.
DHCP socket failed
level 1
Internal error occurred when attempting to start DHCP server.
DHCP: Host not added to ARP table
level 2
The DHCP server could not add requesting host to ARP table.
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Appendix B. Log Messages
Installing bad default route: ifnum=<inter> metric=<hops>
gw=<ip>
level 6
The Express 6100/6120 did not install a default route because the <inter> or <hops> was zero.
Rejecting packet with Source Routing option - src=<srcip>
dest=<destip>
level 4
The Express 6100/6120 has dropped a source routed IP packet due to
invalid parameters.
setmask: local IP iface(0), not done
level 6
Debug error used in determining router stack problems.
syslog: bad host
level 2
Syslog function cannot use host name or IP set in Configuration/
Logs/Syslog Host.
syslog: no port
level 2
Syslog function cannot open port to send Log entries.
TEL: Telnet Session Closed
level 4
Telnet server session has been closed.
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Appendix B. Log Messages
telclient bad host
level 2
Telnet client could not use host name or IP address set in Configuration/Utilities/Telnet Client/Host.
telclient bad init
level 2
Telnet client could not initialize a session.
Telnet Client: Clr TCBF_BUFFER flag failed
level 6
Debugging message related to Telnet client function.
Telnet Client: Set TCBF_DONTBLOCK flag failed
level 6
Debugging message related to Telnet client function.
Telnet Client socket failed
level 2
Telnet client function could not open TCP socket.
Telnet server connect to <ip>
level 4
Telnet server has connected to Telnet client with IP address <ip>.
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Appendix B. Log Messages
Telnet Session Closed
level 4
Telnet server has closed connection.
Telnet Session failed, error <errnum>
level 2
Telnet server could not connect to Telnet client due to error.
TELNETD: accept failed
level 2
Telnet server could not open TCP socket to incoming Telnet client.
TELNETD: Set TCPC_LISTENQ failed
level 6
Debugging message related to Telnet server function.
TELNETD: Clr TCBF_BUFFER flag failed
level 6
Debugging message related to Telnet client function.
TELNETD: could not obtain peer ip
level 2
Telnet server function could not get IP address of Telnet client.
TELNETD: Session failed, error
level 2
A Telnet server session has failed because of an error.
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Appendix B. Log Messages
TELNETD: Set TCBF_DONTBLOCK flag failed
level 6
Debugging message related to Telnet client function.
TELNETD: SOCKET creation error
level 2
Telnet server could not be started due to TCP socket error.
TFTP: can't get to host
level 2
TFTP client could not get to host.
TFTP client: unable to open port
level 2
TFTP client function could not open a UDP port.
TFTP: error rcvd - <message>"
level 2
Received error with <message> from TFTP server.
TFTP: lost communication
level 2
Lost communication to TFTP client or server during transfer.
TFTP server: unable to open port
level 2
TFTP server function could not open a UDP port.
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Appendix B. Log Messages
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Appendix C
SNMP
UNDERSTANDING SNMP
As Local Area Network (LAN) environments became standardized
over the past ten years, multi-vendor equipment grew with competition. It became necessary to manage the various vendor equipment
from a single control console. Thus, the Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMP) emerged as the de facto standard for managing commercial Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
networks.
The term SNMP broadly refers to the message protocols used to exchange information between the network and the managed devices, as
well as to the structure of network management databases. SNMP has
three basic components:
•
Network Manager: This is a control program that collects,
controls, and presents data pertinent to the operation of the
network devices. It resides on a network management station.
•
Agent: This is a control program that responds to queries and
commands from the network manager and returns requested
information or invokes configuration changes initiated by the
manager. It resides in each network device connected.
•
MIB: This is an index to the organized data within a network
device. It defines the operating parameters that can be controlled
or monitored.
When requesting the network manager to retrieve or modify a particular piece of information about a network device, the network manager transmits the request to that network device. The agent in that
device interprets the incoming request, performs the requested task,
and sends its response to the network manager. The network manag-
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Appendix C. SNMP
er collects all the data from the various network devices and presents
it in a consistent form.
Using SNMP Version 1, the network manager can issue three types of
commands:
•
GetRequest: This command retrieves a single item or the first in
a series from a network device.
•
GetNextRequest: This command retrieves the next item in a
series from a network device.
•
SetRequest: This command writes information to a network
device.
The network device issues two types of messages:
•
GetResponse: This message is the response to a network
manager GetRequest or GetNextRequest command.
•
Trap: This is an unsolicited message issued by a network device
to report an operational anomaly or an alarm condition to the
network manager.
These messages are typically encased within informational packets
and transported over the LAN or WAN.
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Appendix C. SNMP
SNMP EMBEDDED AGENT
The Express 6100/6120 supports the following groups from MIB-II:
(RFC 1213)
•
System Group
•
UDP Group
•
Interfaces Group
•
ICMP Group
•
Address Translation Group
•
IP Group
•
TCP Group
Also, the Ethernet transmission MIB is supported (RFC 1643).
The following manager requests are supported:
•
Get object
•
Get next object
•
Set object
Communities
The Express 6100/6120 permits up to eight communities to be defined.
The privilege level of each community can be set. The default community is public with read-only privileges. When the IP address is all zeros, any manager of the community can access the Express 6100/6120.
Traps
Up to four hosts can be set to receive traps. Each host entry requires
an IP address of the manager.
Trap types supported are: cold start, link up, link down, and authentication failure.
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Appendix D
Connector Pinouts
Table D-1. IBM/AT Style EIA-232 Interface
Pin
Name
I/O
Description
1
CD
N/C
Carrier Detect
2
RD
O
Receive Data
3
TD
I
Transmit Data
4
DTR
N/C
Data Terminal Ready
5
GND
N/A
Signal Ground
6
DSR
N/C
Data Set Ready
7
RTS
I
Request to Send
8
CTS
O
Clear to Send
9
RI
N/C
Ring Indicator
I = Input, O = Output, N/A = Not Applicable, N/C = Not Connected
Table D-2. RJ-49C ISDN
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Pin
Description
4
Ring
5
Tip
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Appendix D. Connector Pinouts
Table D-3. 10BaseT Ethernet
6100
Pin
Signal
1
RX1
2
RX2
3
TX1
6
TX2
1
TX1
2
TX2
3
RX1
6
RX2
6120
D-2
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Appendix E
Terminal Mode Commands
The Express 6100/6120 supports a command line interface. All menu
options are configurable and readable from the terminal mode. Additional commands are also available.
MENU COMMANDS
Every menu item in the menu structure can be accessed through the
terminal mode interface. Terminal commands are as follows:
top_menu sub_menu1 sub_menu2 … config_item
Each config_item is entered as shown below.
TYPE:
ENTERED AS:
string
printable characters within double quotes
password
printable characters within double quotes
IP address
xx.xx.xx.xx (0..9) separated by ‘.’
Hex
xx:xx:xx:xx (0..9,a..f) separated by ‘:’
enum
sub-string or [#index]
unsigned
digits (0..9)
date
mm-dd-yyyy
time
hh:mm:ss
date/time
mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm:ss
activator
read only
list
followed by index with first record being 1
array
followed by index with first record being 1
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Appendix E. Terminal Mode Commands
One of the following key words must be used first:
KEYWORD:
GOES DIRECTLY TO :
info
Configuration/System Info menu.
idsl
Configuration/WAN/IDSL menu.
ip
Configuration/IP menu.
ipx
Configuration/IPX menu.
bridge
Configuration/Bridge menu.
security
Configuration/Security menu.
ppp
Configuration/PPP Profile menu.
telnet
Configuration/Management/Telnet menu.
snmp
Configuration/Management/SNMP menu.
maint
Configuration/Management/Maint menu.
status
Configuration/Status menu.
test
Configuration/Test menu.
logs
Configuration/Logs menu.
util
Configuration/Utilities menu.
frame
Configuration/WAN/Frame Relay menu
Some examples are listed below:
telnet user 1 name “guest” sets user name for Telnet user list
entry 1 to “guest”
E-2
test 2047
starts 2047 test
status ip 1 gateway
returns the gateway address for IP
route table entry 1
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Appendix E. Terminal Mode Commands
ADDITIONAL COMMANDS
Other commands available from the terminal mode are listed below:
save
Saves the configuration to non-volatile RAM (flash).
mac
Returns the MAC address for the Express 6100/
6120.
version
Returns the firmware version and routing stack
version.
reset
Resets the unit.
exit
Leaves terminal mode and returns to menus.
download
Downloads complete configuration to the terminal
screen for capture.
DOWNLOAD/UPLOADING
CONFIGURATION
The Express 6100/6120’s configuration can be captured to a text file
using the download command. The text file can be edited if required.
Upload of the configuration can be accomplished by sending the text
file to the Express 6100/6120 in terminal mode. A baud rate of 9600 is
strongly recommended when uploading. As soon as the upload has
been completed, type save to save the new configuration to flash. A
reset command or power cycle 10 seconds after the save command is
recommended to ensure that the new configuration is complete.
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Appendix E. Terminal Mode Commands
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Acronyms
AEP
AMI
ARP
B (Channel)
BCP
BONDING
BOOTP
BPDU
bps
Bps
BRI
CA
CCP
CCITT
CD
CPE
CRC
CSMA/CD
DHCP
DLCI
DMS
DTE
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AppleTalk Echo Protocol
Alternate Mark Inversion
Address Resolution Protocol
A 64 kbps digital information channel
Bridge Control Protocol
Bandwidth On Demand Interoperability
Group
Bootstrap Protocol
Bridging Protocol Data Unit
Bits per second
Bytes per second
Basic Rate Interface
Call Appearance
Compression Control Protocol
Consultative Committee for International
Telegraphy and Telephony
Carrier Detect
Customer Premises Equipment
Cyclic Redundancy Check
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision
Detect
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Data Link Connection Identifier
Digital Multiplex Switching
Data Terminal Equipment
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Acronyms-1
Acronyms
DTMF
EKTS
ESS
FAX
FEBE
FTP
ICMP
ID
IETF
I/O
IP
IPCP
IPX
I2L
IEC
ISDN
ISO
ISP
kbps
kHz
LAN
LCP
LDN
MAC
MIB
MP
MRU
Acronyms-2
Dual Tone Multi-Frequency
Electronic Key Telephone Service
Electronic Switching System
Facsimile
Far End Block Errors
File Transfer Protocol
Internet Control Message Protocol
Identification
Internet Engineering Task Force
Input/Output
Internet Protocol
Internet Protocol Control Protocol
Internetwork Packet Exchange
Integrated Injected Logic
Inter-Exchange Carrier
Integrated Services Digital Network
International Standardization
Organization
Internet Service Provider
Kilobits per second
Kilohertz
Local Area Network
Link Control Protocol
Local Directory Number
Media Access Control
Management Information Base
Multilink Protocol
Maximum Receivable Unit
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Acronyms
MRRU
NBP
NEBE
NIC
NI-1
NT
PBX
PC
PING
POTS
PPP
PRI
RFC
RIP
RTMF
SAP
SNMP
SPCS
SPID
TCP
TEI
TFTP
UDP
WAN
ZIP
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Maximum Receivable Reconstructable
Unit
Name Binding Protocol
Near End Block Errors
Network Interface Card
National ISDN-1
Network Termination
Private Branch Exchange
Personal Computer
Packet InterNet Groper
Plain Old Telephone Service
Point-to-Point Protocol
Primary Rate Interface
Request For Comments
Routing Information Packet, Routing
Information Protocol
Routing Table Maintenance Protocol
Service Advertising Protocol
Simple Network Monitoring Protocol
Stored Program Controlled Switching
System
Service Profile Identifier
Transmission Control Protocol
Terminal Endpoint Identifier
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
User Datagram Protocol
Wide Area Network
Zone Information Protocol
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Acronyms
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Glossary
10Base2
IEEE 802.3 specification, similar to Ethernet, using thin coaxial cable
that runs at 10 Mbps, with a maximum distance of 185 meters per segment. Also known as Thin Ethernet or Thinwire Ethernet.
10BaseT
IEEE 802.3 specification, using unshielded twisted-pair cabling and
running at 10 Mbps.
AEP
AppleTalk Echo Protocol. Allows a node on an AppleTalk network to
send a packet to another node and in return, receive an echoed copy
of the packet.
B-Channel
64 kbps bearer channel used for voice, circuit, or packet switched data.
bearer service
As defined by CCITT standards, a type of telecommunication service
that provides the capability for the transmission of information between user-to-network interfaces. Bearer services defined for ISDN
are circuit mode and packet mode.
BOOTP
The Bootstrap Protocol allows a network node to determine certain
startup information such as its IP address.
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Glossary
Bridge
A data communications device that connects two or more networks.
A bridge stores and forwards complete packets between the networks.
Bridges operate at the data-link layer of the OSI model.
CCITT
Consultative Committee on International Telephony and Telegraphy.
A body of the International Telegraph Union (ITU) which prepares
recommendations, commonly referred to as international standards,
to resolve technical telegraph and telephone problems.
central office (CO)
In telephony, the phone company switching facility or center, usually
a Class 5 end office, at which subscribers local loops terminate. Handles a specific geographic area, identified by the first three digits of the
local telephone number. Usually the facilities of the local BOC.
CSMA/CD
Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detect. A channel access
mechanism where devices check the channel for a carrier before transmitting. If no carrier is sensed for the specified period of time, the device can transmit. If two devices transmit at once, a collision occurs
and is detected by all colliding devices. This collision subsequently
delays their retransmissions for a random length of time. CSMA/CD
is used by Ethernet and IEEE 802.3.
D-channel
The ISDN channel that carries signalling information to control the
call setup, teardown, or invocation of supplementary services. The DChannel may also be used to provide packet mode data service.
DDS
Dataphone Digital Service. AT&T private line service for transmitting
data over a digital system. The digital transmission system transmits
electrical signals directly, instead of translating the signals into tones
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Glossary
of varied frequencies as with traditional analog transmission systems.
Digital techniques provide more efficient use of transmission facilities, resulting in lower error rates and costs than analog systems.
digital hub
Designated office where DDS channels are interconnected and where
synchronous network timing, testing access, and additional service
features are provided.
Ethernet
A local area network used for connecting computers, printers, workstations, a terminals, servers, etc., within the same building or campus. Ethernet operates over twisted wire and coaxial cable at speeds
up to 10 Mbps. Ethernet specifies a CSMA/CD.
four-wire circuits
Telephone lines using two wires for transmitting and two wires for receiving, offering much higher quality than a 2-wire circuit. All long
distance circuits are 4-wire. Almost all local phone lines and analog
phones are 2-wire.
group 4
A high-speed (56 kbps) facsimile protocol specific to ISDN.
hop count
A routing metric used to measure the distance between a source and
a destination. Particularly used by RIP.
hub
(1) Communications center, (2) Major routing station for connecting
channels, (3) DDS connecting center.
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Glossary
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. Professional organization that defines network standards. IEEE LAN standards are the predominant LAN standards today and include protocols similar or
virtually equivalent to Ethernet and Token Ring.
IEEE 802.1d
An algorithm used to prevent bridging loops by creating a spanning
tree.
IEEE 802.2
An IEEE LAN protocol that specifies an implementation of the LLC
sublayer of the data link layer. It handles errors, framing, flow control, network layer (Layer 3) service interface, and is used in LANs.
IEEE 802.3
A physical layer standard specifying a linear bus network LAN with
a CSMA/CD access method on a bus topology. Ethernet follows the
802.3 standard, transmitting at 10 megabits per second. This is the
most common local area network specification. Physical variations of
IEEE 802.3 include 10Base2 and 10BaseT.
in-band signalling
Signalling made up of tones which pass within the voice frequency
band and are carried along the same circuit as the talk path being established by the signals. Virtually all signalling (request for service,
dialing, disconnect, etc.) in the U.S. is in-band signalling. Most of that
signalling is MF (Multi-Frequency) dialing. The more modern form of
signalling is out-of-band.
interexchange carrier
Since divestiture, any carrier registered with the FCC authorized to
carry customer transmissions between LATAs interstate, or if approved by a state public utility commission, intrastate. Includes carri-
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Glossary
ers such as AT&T Communications, Satellite Business Systems, GTE
Telenet, GTE Sprint, and MCI.
information element
The name for the data fields within an ISDN Layer 3 message.
interworking
Communication between two types of networks or end equipment.
This may or may not involve a difference in signalling or protocol elements supported.
Internet Protocol
A TCP/IP protocol describing software that tracks the Internet address of nodes, routes outgoing message, and recognizes incoming
messages. Used in gateways to connect networks at OSI network Level 3 and above.
IPX
Internetwork Packet Exchange. A Novell NetWare protocol used to
move information across networks.
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network. A network architecture that enables end-to-end digital connections. The network supports diverse
services through integrated access arrangements and defines a limited
set of standard, multipurpose interfaces for equipment vendors, network providers, and customers. Interworking with a public switched
telephone network is retained.
jabber
An error condition in which a network device continually transmits
garbage onto the network. In IEEE 802.3, a data packet whose length
exceeds that prescribed in the standard.
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Glossary
jitter
The slight movement of a transmission signal in time or phase that can
introduce errors and loss of synchronization for high-speed synchronous communications. See phase jitter.
LATA
Local Access and Transport Area. One of 161 local telephone serving
areas in the United States, generally encompassing the largest standard statistical metropolitan areas. Subdivisions established as a result of the AT&T divestiture that now distinguish local from long
distance service. Circuits with both end-points within the LATA (intraLATA) are generally the sole responsibility of the local telephone
company, while circuits that cross outside the LATA (interLATA) are
passed on to an interexchange carrier.
loopback
A diagnostic procedure where data is sent to the device being tested,
and the output of the device is fed directly back to its input, looped
around, and the returning data is checked against that which was sent.
Media Access Control (MAC)
As defined by the IEEE, the lower of the two sublayers of the OSI reference model data link layer. The MAC sublayer is concerned with
media access issues, such as whether token passing or contention is
used.
message
The Layer 3 information that is passed between the CPE and SPCS for
signalling.
multipoint line
A communications line having multiple cable access points.
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Glossary
Name Binding Protocol (NBP)
The AppleTalk transport-level protocol that translates a character
string name into the internet address of the corresponding socket client; NBP enables AppleTalk protocols to understand user-defined
zones and device names by providing and maintaining translation tables that map these names to corresponding socket addresses.
NAT
Network Address Translation occurs at the borders of stub domains.
Its purpose is to translate the IP address of passing packets by changing all references of one IP address to another. Translation is performed as per RFC 1631.
netmask
A 32-bit bit mask which shows how an Internet address is to be divided into network, subnet, and host parts. The netmask has ones in the
bit positions in the 32-bit address which are to be used for the network
and subnet parts, and zeros for the host part. The mask should contain
at least the standard network portion (as determined by the address's
class), and the subnet field should be contiguous with the network
portion.
non-ISDN line
Any connection from a CPE to a SPCS that is not served by D-Channel
signalling.
non-ISDN trunk
Any trunk not served by either SS7 or D-Channel signalling.
NT1
Network Termination 1. A unit that provides physical and electromagnetic termination of the U-interface 2-wire transmission line, converts between Layer 1 formats used at the U- and T- reference points,
and performs some maintenance functions.
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Glossary
phase jitter
In telephony, the measurement in degrees out-of-phase that an analog
signal deviates from the reference phase of the main data-carrying signal. Often caused by alternating current components in a telecommunications network.
point-to-point protocol (PPP)
An implementation of TCP/IP which is intended for transmission using telephone lines. PPP provides router-to-router and host-to-network connections over both synchronous and asynchronous circuits.
poison routes
Routes which have an infinite metric which to other routers means the
network for the route is inaccessible.
PRA
Primary Rate Access. Connects high-capacity CPE, such as PBXs, to
the network. In the US, this is composed of twenty-three 64 kbps
channels and one 64 kbps D-channel. Also known as Primary Rate Interface (PRI).
RIP
Routing Information Protocol. A protocol used to exchange routing
information among a set of computers connected by a LAN. RIP uses
hop counts as a routing metric.
router
An interface which finds the best route between two networks. Routers forward packets from one network to another, based on network
layer information.
routing metric
The method by which a routing algorithm determines one route is better than another. This information is stored in routing tables. Such ta-
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Glossary
bles include reliability, delay bandwidth, load, MTUs, communication
costs, and hop count.
RS-232-C
An EIA-specified physical interface with associated electrical signalling between DCE and DTE. The most commonly employed interface
between computer devices and modems.
RTMP
Routing Table Maintenance Protocol. The AppleTalk protocol used to
establish and maintain the routing information that is required by internet routers in order to route datagrams from any source socket to
any destination socket in the internet. Using RTMP, internet routers
dynamically maintain routing tables to reflect changes in internet topology.
service advertising protocol (SAP)
An IPX protocol through which network resources such as servers become known to clients.
serving area
Region surrounding a broadcasting station where signal strength is at
or above a stated minimum. The geographic area handled by a telephone central office facility. Generally equivalent to a LATA.
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol. SNMP provides a means to
monitor and set network configuration and runtime parameters.
spanning tree
A loop-free subset of the topology of a network.
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Glossary
SPCS
Stored Program Controlled Switch. A digital switch that supports call
control, routing, and supplementary services provision under software control. All ISDN switches are SPCSs.
spoofing
Spoofing reduces the required bandwidth by having devices, such as
bridges or routers, answer for the remote devices. This causes the remote LAN to appear as if it is still connected to the LAN device even
though it is not. The spoofing saves the WAN bandwidth, because no
packet is ever sent out on the WAN.
synchronous
(1) The condition occurring when two events happen in a specific time
relationship with each other, both under control of a master clock; (2)
A method of data transmission requiring the transmission of timing
pulses to keep the sender and receiver synchronized in their communication used to send blocks of information. Synchronous data transmission is used in high speed data circuits because there is less
overhead than asynchronous transmission of characters which contain two extra bits per character to effect timing.
T1
Also T-1. A digital transmission link with a capacity of 1.544 Mbps. T1
uses two pairs of normal twisted wires. T1 normally can handle 24
voice conversations with each conversation being digitized at 64 kbps.
With more advanced digital voice encoding techniques, it can handle
more voice channels. T1 is a standard for digital transmission in
North America.
TA
Terminal Adaptor. A DCE that connects to the ISDN S-Interface and enables non-ISDN terminal equipment to communicate over the ISDN.
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Glossary
TE1
Terminal Equipment Type 1. ISDN-compatible terminals.
Telnet
The TCP/IP standard protocol for remote terminal connection service.
Telnet allows a user at one site to interact with a remote timesharing
system at another site as if the user's terminal were connected directly
to the remote machine.
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. A set of protocols
developed by the Department of Defense to link dissimilar computers
across many kinds of networks.
twisted pair
Two wires twisted around each other to reduce induction (interference) from one wire to the other. Several sets of twisted pair wires
may be enclosed in a single cable. Twisted pair is the normal cabling
from a central office to your home or office, or from your PBX to your
office phone. Twisted pair wiring comes in various thicknesses. As a
general rule, the thicker the cable is, the better the quality of the conversation and the longer cable can be and still get acceptable conversation quality. However, the thicker it is, the more it costs.
2B+D
The Basic Rate Interface (BRI) in ISDN. A single ISDN circuit divided
into two 64 kbps digital channels for voice or data and one 16 kbps
channel for low speed data (up to 9,600 baud) and signalling. 2B+D
is carried on one or two pairs of wires depending on the interface, the
same wire pairs that today bring a single voice circuit into your home
or office. See ISDN.
23B+D
In ISDN, also known as the Primary Rate Interface. A circuit with a
wide range of frequencies that is divided in twenty-three 64 kbps
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Glossary
paths for carrying voice, data, video, or other information simultaneously. It bears a remarkable similarity to today’s T1 link, except
that T1 carries 24 voice channels. In ISDN, 23B+D gives twenty-three
channels and one D channel for out-of-band signalling. However, in
T1, signalling is handled in-band. See ISDN.
two-wire circuit
A transmission circuit composed of two wires, signal and ground,
used to both send and receive information. In contrast, a 4-wire circuit consists of two pairs. One pair is used to send and one pair is used
to receive. All trunk circuits (long distance) are 4-wire. A 4-wire circuit delivers better reception, but also costs more. All local loop circuits (those coming from a Class 5 central office to the subscriber’s
phone system) are 2-wire, unless a 4-wire circuit is requested.
U-interface
A twisted pair subscriber loop that connects the NT1 reference point
to the ISDN network, as defined in the I.411 Recommendation. This
interface provides Basic Rate Access with an operating frequency of
160 kbps and an information rate of 144 kbps. Under U.S. regulations,
this also marks the line of demarcation between customer-owned
equipment and the public network.
ZIP
Zone Information Protocol. The AppleTalk session-layer protocol
used to maintain and discover the internet-wide mapping of network
number ranges to zone names.
Zombie Routes
Routes that have been identified by the router to be deleted. They remain in the router’s route table for a specified amount of time with an
infinite metric so that all other routers will learn of this router’s intention to delete them.
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Index
Numerics
10baseT interface D-2
A
ADTRAN frame port 144 1-2
agent C-1, C-3
applications
frame relay connectivity to
ADTRAN frame port144 1-2
single user to corporate LAN
1-2
SOHO to corporate LAN 1-3
ARP cache 3-60
authentication 3-25, 3-42
PPP peer 3-42
authentication/Rx password 343
authentication/Rx username 343
authentication/Tx method 3-42
authentication/Tx password 343
authentication/Tx username 343
auto detect 1-5, 3-11
B
baud rate 3-56
BECN timeout 3-41
bridge 3-47
bridge map/active 3-38
bridge map/bridge group 3-39
bridge menu 3-21
bridge mode 1-5
bridge table 3-61
bridge/mode 3-22, 3-47
bridge/WAN IP bridge 3-22
bridge/WAN IPX bridge 3-23
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bridging 1-5
concurrent routing and bridging 1-6
demand 1-5
C
call log messages B-6
channel rate 3-11
CHAP 3-42
clock mode 3-10
command line interface E-1
command prompt mode 3-56
commands E-3
communities C-3
communities/manager IP 3-55
communities/name 3-54
communities/privilege 3-54
concurrent routing and bridging 1-6
configuration 1-9
downloading/uploading E-3
configuration menu 3-2, 3-8
configuration/bridge 3-21
configuration/frame relay 3-32
configuration/IP 3-12
configuration/IPX 3-19
configuration/management 352
configuration/management
menu 3-52
configuration/PPP profile 3-42
configuration/security 3-25
configuration/system info 3-8
configuration/terminal mode
3-56
configuration/WAN 3-10
connection
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Index
connection list profile
deleting 3-34
connection log 3-70
connection log/active 3-71
connection log/clear 3-71
connection log/level 3-71
connection log/view 3-71
connection log/wrap 3-71
connector pinouts D-1
corporate LAN 1-2, 1-3
D
data bits 3-56
default 1-5
default gateway 3-13
demand bridging 1-5
demand routing 1-5
DHCP mode 3-15
display 4-1
DLCI mapping 3-33
DLCI mapping/active 3-34
DLCI mapping/bridge map 3-38
DLCI mapping/DLCI 3-35
DLCI mapping/filters 3-39
DLCI mapping/IP map 3-35
DLCI mapping/IPX map 3-37
DLCI table 3-59
DNS 3-16
DNS server 3-16
DNS/domain name 3-17
DNS/server 1 3-17
DNS/server 2 3-17
domain name 3-17
download/uploading configuration E-3
E
EAP 3-42
echo request 3-68
EIA-232 interface D-1
embedded agent C-3
environmental specifications 4-1
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Ethernet interface D-2
Ethernet interface (LAN) 4-1
Express 6100
front panel 1-7
indicators 1-7
Express 6100/6120
configuration 1-9
functions provided by 1-4
installation 2-1
overview 1-1
rear panel 1-8
security 1-10
terminal menu structure 3-1
Express 6120
front panel 1-8
indicators 1-8
F
factory default 1-5
features 4-1
FEBE 3-11
FEBEs 3-11
filter
setting up 3-27
filter defines 3-27
filter defines /IP filter defines 329
filter defines /IPX filter defines 330
filter defines /MAC filter defines
3-28
filter defines /pattern filter defines 3-28
filters 3-39, 3-49
filters/in exceptions 3-40, 3-50
filters/LAN-to-WAN (out) 3-51
filters/out exceptions 3-41, 3-51
filters/Out to PVC 3-41
firmware revision 3-9
frame relay 1-5, 3-32
frame relay connectivity to ADT-
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Index
IP routing 1-5
IP stats 3-66
IP/default gateway 3-13
IP/DNS 3-16
IP/IP address 3-12
IP/IP router 3-14
IP/mode 3-43
IP/NAT 3-15, 3-44
IP/proxy ARP 3-18
IP/RIP 3-14, 3-45
IP/route 3-44
IP/static routes 3-13
G
IP/subnet mask 3-12
GetNextRequest C-2
IP/UDP relay 3-17
I
IPX filter defines 3-30
IDSL 1-1
IPX map/active 3-37
network connection 2-1
IPX map/IARP 3-38
overview 1-1
setting up the line Quick Start-1 IPX map/link network 3-38
IPX menu 3-19
IDSL/channel rate 3-11
IPX router 1-4
IDSL/FEBEs 3-11
IPX routes 3-63
IDSL/NEBEs 3-11
IPX routing 1-6
indicators 1-7, 1-8
IPX servers 3-64
installation 2-1
IPX/frame type 3-20
interface
IPX/mode 3-19, 3-46
Ethernet 4-1
IPX/network 3-19
network 4-1
IPX/remote network 3-46
IP filter defines 3-29
IPX/RIP timer 3-21
IP map/active 3-35
IPX/SAP timer 3-21
IP map/far-end IP address 3-35
IPX/seed status 3-20
IP map/IARP 3-35
IPX/triggered 3-47
IP map/IP netmask 3-36
IPX/type 20 packets 3-47
IP map/link IP address 3-36
ISDN
IP map/NAT 3-37
jack 1-8
IP map/RIP direction 3-37
ISDN
jack Quick Start-1
IP map/RIP method 3-36
ISDN/clock
mode 3-10
IP map/RIP protocol 3-36
L
IP menu 3-12
L2 protocol 3-11
IP router 1-4, 3-14
LAN bridge 1-4
IP router/mode 3-14
LAN connection 2-1
IP routes 3-61
RAN frame port144 1-2
frame relay/DLCI mapping 3-33
frame relay/DLCI table 3-59
frame relay/maintenance protocol 3-33
frame relay/polling frequency 333
frame relay/port 3-58
frame type 3-20
front panel 1-7, 1-8
front panel indicators 1-7, 1-8
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LAN stats 3-65
LEDs 1-7, 1-8
line mode Quick Start-1
link IP 3-45
log messages B-1
logs menu 3-2, 3-69
logs/connection log 3-70
logs/network log 3-71
logs/PPP log 3-70
logs/sys log host 3-69
loop status messages A-1
M
MAC addresses 1-4
MAC bridging 1-5
MAC filter defines 3-28
maint port/baud rate 3-56
maint port/data bits 3-56
maint port/parity 3-56
maint port/password 3-55
maint port/password protect 355
maint port/stop bits 3-56
maintenance DLCI 3-41
maintenance port 3-55
maintenance protocol 3-33
management 3-52
management/maint port 3-55
management/SNMP 3-54
management/Telnet 3-52
menu
commands E-1
navigating 3-4, 3-5
structure 3-1
MIB C-1
mode 1-5
N
NAT 1-4, 3-15, 3-16
NAT mode 1-6
NAT/Default IP 3-16
NAT/DHCP mode 3-15
61200176L1-1
NAT/DHCP renewal time 3-16
NAT/web server 3-16
NEBE 3-11
NEBEs 3-11
network address translation 1-4,
1-6
network connection
IDSL 2-1
network device
GetResponse C-2
network interface 4-1
network log 3-71
network log messages B-7
network log/active 3-71
network log/clear 3-72
network log/level 3-72
network log/view 3-72
network log/wrap 3-72
network manager C-1
GetRequest C-2
none 3-15
O
OFF/ON switch 1-8
overview
Express 6100/6120 1-1
P
packets
filtering 3-27
PAP 3-42
parity 3-56
password 3-53, 3-55
pattern filter defines 3-28
physical specifications 4-1
ping 3-73
poison reverse 3-15, 3-45
polling frequency 3-33
power requirements 4-1
PPP 1-5, 3-27, 3-48
PPP log 3-70
PPP log messages B-1
Express 6100/6120 User Manual
Index-4
Index
PPP log/active 3-70
PPP log/clear 3-70
PPP log/level 3-70
PPP log/view 3-70
PPP log/wrap 3-70
PPP peer 3-16
PPP profile 3-42
PPP profile/authentication 3-42
PPP profile/bridge 3-47
PPP profile/filters 3-49
PPP profile/IP 3-43
PPP profile/IPX 3-46
PPP profile/PPP 3-48
PPP/max config 3-48
PPP/max failure 3-48
PPP/max timer 3-48
PPP/VJ compression 3-48
proxy ARP 3-18
RJ-49C interface D-1
route/force IP 3-44
route/IP/net 3-44
route/netmask 3-44
routing
concurrent routing and bridging 1-6
demand 1-5
IP 1-5
IPX 1-6
Rx only 3-15
S
SAP 1-4, 1-6
SAP timer 3-21
security 1-10
security levels 3-1, 3-7
security menu 3-25
security/authentication 3-25
Q
security/filter defines 3-27
quick startup guide Quick Start-1 security/PPP 3-27
security/radius server 3-26
R
seed status 3-20
radius 3-53
sessions 3-57
radius server 3-26
sessions/frame relay 3-58
radius server/primary server 3sessions/PPP session 3-57
26
sessions/spanning tree 3-60
radius server/retry count 3-26
SetRequest C-2
radius server/secondary server
signal format 4-1
3-26
SNMP 3-54, C-1
radius server/secret 3-26
SNMP access 3-54
radius server/UDP port 3-26
SNMP/communities 3-54
rear panel 1-8, 1-9
SNMP/traps 3-55
RIP 1-4, 1-6, 3-14, 3-45
SOHO (small office - home office)
RIP timer 3-21
1-3
RIP/direction 3-15, 3-46
spanning tree 3-60
RIP/method 3-15, 3-45
spanning tree algorithm 1-5
RIP/mode 3-14, 3-45
specifications 4-1
RIP/protocol 3-14, 3-45
environmental 4-1
RIP/triggered 3-46
physical 4-1
RIP/V2 secret 3-15
power 4-1
RJ11 interface D-1
61200176L1-1
Express 6100/6120 User Manual
Index-5
Index
split horizon 3-15, 3-45
static routes/active 3-13
static routes/gateway 3-13
static routes/hops 3-13
static routes/IP address 3-13
static routes/private 3-14
static routes/subnet mask 3-13
status menu 3-2, 3-57
status/ARP cache 3-60
status/bridge table 3-61
status/IP routes 3-61
status/IP stats 3-66
status/IPX routes 3-63
status/IPX servers 3-64
status/LAN stats 3-65
status/sessions 3-57
status/WAN stats 3-65
stop bits 3-56
subnet mask 3-12
switches
OFF/ON 1-8
TO HUB/TO NIC 1-8
system contact 3-9
system info menu 3-8
system location 3-8
system name 3-8
system uptime 3-9
T
Telnet 1-10, 3-52
Telnet client 3-74
Telnet/server access 3-52
Telnet/user list 3-52
terminal menu
commands E-1
navigating 3-4, 3-5
structure 3-1
top level 3-3
terminal mode 3-56
terminal mode commands E-1
test menu 3-2, 3-68
61200176L1-1
test menu/echo request 3-68
TFTP 3-74
TFTP host 3-74
TO HUB/TO NIC switch 1-8
transfer methods 3-74
trap C-2
traps C-3
traps/manager IP 3-55
traps/manager name 3-55
Tx and Rx 3-15
Tx methods 3-42
Tx only 3-15
type 20 packets 3-47
U
UDP port type 3-18
UDP relay 3-17
UDP relay list 3-17
UDP relay list/relay address 3-18
UDP relay list/UDP port type 318
UDP relay list/UDP ports 1, 2, 3
3-18
UDP relay/mode 3-17
UDP relay/UDP relay list 3-17
upgrade menu 3-74
upgrade/abort transfer 3-75
upgrade/filename 3-74
upgrade/start transfer 3-75
upgrade/status 3-75
upgrade/TFTP host 3-74
upgrade/TFTP server 3-75
upgrade/transfer method 3-74
user list 3-52
user list/authen method 3-53
user list/idle time 3-53
user list/level 3-53
user list/name 3-53
user list/password 3-53
using keyboard to navigate menu
3-5
Express 6100/6120 User Manual
Index-6
Index
utilities menu 3-2, 3-73
utilities/exit 3-75
utilities/ping 3-73
utilities/Telnet client 3-74
utilities/upgrade menu 3-74
V
VJ compression 3-48
W
WAN IP bridge 3-22
WAN IP bridge proxy ARP 3-23
WAN IP bridge/netmask 3-23
WAN IP bridge/network 3-22
WAN IP bridge/triggered 3-23
WAN IPX bridge 3-23
61200176L1-1
WAN IPX bridge/frame type 324
WAN IPX bridge/network 3-23
WAN IPX bridge/seed status 324
WAN IPX bridge/triggered 3-24
WAN menu 3-10
WAN stats 3-65
WAN/ISDN 3-10
WAN/L2 protocol 3-11
web 1-10
web browser 1-10
X
xmodem 3-74
Express 6100/6120 User Manual
Index-7
Index
61200176L1-1
Express 6100/6120 User Manual
Index-8
Product Support Information
Presales Inquiries and Applications Support
Please contact your local distributor, ADTRAN Applications Engineering, or ADTRAN Sales:
Applications Engineering
(800) 615-1176
Sales
(800) 827-0807
Post-Sale Support
Please contact your local distributor first. If your local distributor cannot help, please contact ADTRAN Technical Support and have the
unit serial number available.
Technical Support
(888) 4ADTRAN
Repair and Return
If ADTRAN Technical Support determines that a repair is needed,
Technical Support will coordinate with theCustomer and Product Service (CaPS) department to issue an RMA number. For information regarding equipment currently in house or possible fees associated with
repair, contact CaPS directly at the following number:
CAPS Department
(256) 963-8722
Identify the RMA number clearly on the package (below address), and
return to the following address:
ADTRAN, Inc.
CAPS Department
6767 Old Madison Pike
Progress Center
Building #6, Suite 690
Huntsville, AL 35807
RMA # _____________