Download Switch controller for obtaining a plurality of functions from a single
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United States Patent [19] [11] [45] Higgins et al. [54] Motorola——MCl46805G2—CM)S 8-Bit Microcom Inventors: Mary L. Higgins; David L. Muri, both of Sunrise, Fla. puter. Motorola—MCM2802-MOS—32>< 32 Bit Electrically Motorola-User’s Manual——M6805-—M146805 Family Microcomputer/Microprocessor. Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. Foreign German Manual—Kodieraleitung Funftonfol ge-Baustein FK IOZ-FK 103. Primary Examiner—Jin F. Ng Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Jerry A. Miller; James W. Gillman; Edward M. Roney [57] US. Cl. ...................................... .. 455/78; 455/35; ABSTRACT 455/38; 455/116; 340/825.44; 340/345 In a transceiver, a multiple function switch decoder Field of Search ..................... .. 455/31, 32, 34, 35, includes means for detecting actuation of the switch and means for monitoring the status of the receiver. A timer responsive to the monitoring means and detecting means establishes a predetermined time interval follow ing each switch actuation or each received message of predetermined type. When the switch is actuated dur ing the time interval the transmitter is enabled. When the switch is activated outside the time interval the 455/38, 77, 78, 79, 84, 116, 91; 375/7, 68, 70; 340/309.15, 345, 696, 825.44; 370/32 [56] Feb. 19, 1985 Motorola—MCl4022B~—CMOS MSI. H04Q 7/00 [58] 4,501,017 SWITCH CONTROLLER FOR OBTAINING A PLURALITY OF FUNCTIONS FROM A SINGLE SWITCH IN A TWO-WAY TRANSCEIVER AND METHOD THEREFOR [73] Assignee: Motorola, Inc., Schaumburg, 11]. [21] Appl. N0.: 462,486 Jan. 31, 1983 [22] Filed: [51] Int. Cl.3 ....................... .. H04B 1/44; H04B 1/02; [52] Patent Number: Date of Patent: References Cited U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 3,500,458 3/1970 3,500,459 3/1970 Battin et a1. Cannalte ............................. .. 455/79 455/78 3,943,444 3/1976 Lundberg 455/32 4,037,158 7/1977 455/79 4,072,898 2/1978 Hellman et al. 4,396,910 8/1983 Eastmond .... .. receiver audio is activated so the user may monitor the channel. During the ?rst switch actuation in any given time interval an encoder is enabled. On subsequent switch actuations during the same time interval the encoder is inhibited. This allows a single switch to per form a plurality of transmitter and receiver functions. 340/696 Enemark et al. ............. .. 340/309.l5 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Motorola—MX 300 Series-“Handie-Talkie” Portable Radios. 31 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures SWITCH 6O SOUELCH CIRCUIT 75 CONTROLLER G5 135 J we no ‘ o.c. U.S. Patent Feb. 19,1985 ____ H _______--_ H j ) ) Sheet3of6 HA HR “H __ “A 4,501,017 _____‘ HP" an I 2 .Ls l IFS T12 U.'S. Patent Feb. 19,1985 Sheet4of6 GNP Fm. m 062 ‘ muz mw o IUGDOM.ZDOE 4,501,017 US. Patent Feb. 19,1985 Sheet50f6 4,501,017 INITIALIZE I400 TIMER AND COUNTER 550 420 DISABLE COUNTER A R] R CLOCKS T0 ISRESEEW COUNTER _ @—>—< ENABLE AUDIO 6605 f - f 450 I DELAY 66a COUNTER CLOCK T|MER INTERVAL ENABLE TIMER EXPLRED 670 AND AUDIO - f 470 ENABLE I YES 656‘ \ I “i RESET TIMER I 68° TIMER 4,501,017 1 2 section audio so that the user may determine if there is SWITCH CONTROLLER FOR OBTAINING A PLURALITY OF FUNCTIONS FROM A SINGLE SWITCH IN A TWO-WAY TRANSCEIVER AND METHOD THEREFOR BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates generally to the ?eld of control circuits for electronic equipment. More particularly, this invention relates to a controller which permits a single switch to perform a plurality of transceiver func tions which may be dependent upon the status of the activity taking place on the desired radio frequency channel. When the channel is clear, the user actuates a second switch which transmits an appropriate code word in tones or binary digits, as for example, a set of ?ve sequential tones of predetermined length and fre quency, to access the desired receiver. The user then actuates a third switch to enable his transmitter and microphone in order to carry on normal conversation. In the above transceiver scheme, a total of three switches are required to perform even the most basic selective calling transceiver functions. In addition to these controls, the transceiver must also include a vol receiver or the transmitter, or the recent actuation his ume control, an on/off switch, a squelch control, a 15 tory of the switch itself. ' channel selector control, and quite possibly many other 2. Background of the Invention As the state of the art in the electronic industry pro gresses, the trend is towards ever smaller electronic devices which must reliably perform a variety of func tions. An example of this trend may be found in the ?eld of electronic calculators. Whil‘e the predecessor of the modern pocket calculator literally occupied rooms, devices with similar computational power which will ?t in a shirt pocket are now commonplace. Such devices often have control buttons which electronically address 25 a number of different features per button in order to provide the user with a large number of features in a controls such as a telephone style keypad for more sophisticated transceivers. It is evident that utilizing three separate switches simply to control the sequence of steps necessary for initialization of a conversation is highly inefficient. As these transceivers incorporate more and more features and options, the switch require ment becomes a severe size limitation in a portable or mobile transceiver. Another scheme often used in portable transceivers, such as Motorola’s European version of its MX3OO series of transceivers, utilizes a momentary push-to-talk small package. This is accomplished by using a “second type switch in conjunction with a three position toggle feature button‘ which is actuated prior to the actuation switch. This exempli?es the utilization of a two switch of a button which addresses a plurality of features. 30 requirement for the selection of any transceiver func tion. In this scheme a ?rst position of the toggle switch Therefore, in order for the user to address the features of his calculator, two button actuations are required to places the radio receiver in a coded squelch mode. This address a single feature. makes the radio reciever responsive only to tone or In the ?eld of portable radio transceivers, there is a digitally encoded messages bearing an appropriate user similar size reduction trend taking place. As the size of 35 address code. The center position of the toggle switch these devices diminishes, the number of control features places the receiver in the carrier squelch mode which incorporated in a single control switch must also in allows the receiver to turn on its audio ampli?er and crease in order for the user to control the additional speaker upon receipt of any message on the communica electronic features incorporated therein. tion channel without regard to coding. The third posi This is particularly true for selective calling portable 40 tion of the toggle switch enables the transmitter and radio transceivers (radio transmitter/receivers) such as transmits the encoded message required .to access a those commonly used throughout Europe. In these receiver or repeater. systems the user is required by regulation to monitor his In operation, if the user wishes to initiate a call he receiver prior to making any transmission to assure that switches the toggle switch from the coded squelch there is no channel activity taking place on the commu 45 position to carrier squelch position in order to monitor nication channel he intends to use. Once the user estab the channel for activity by other users. He then moves lishes that the channel is free of activity, he must nor the toggle switch to the encode mode to transmit an mally transmit a series of tones or a digitally encoded message in order to address the receiver or repeater he desires to contact. For example, in the well known ZVEI (Zentral Verband der Elektro-Industrie) system commonly used in Germany, an address code consists of a sequence of ?ve audio frequency tones between appropriate address code to access an appropriate re ceiver. The user may then utilizes his “push-to-talk” (PTT) switch in a normal manner as necessary to carry on the desired conversation. This system has the advan tage of forcing the user to monitor the channel prior to transmitting the code to access a receiver since he has to 1060 Hz and 2600 Hz which are consecutively transmit ted. Each tone has a 70 millisecond duration with no 55 pass through the carrier squelch position of the three position switch in order to initiate a call. After complet ing the conversation, the user must switch his trans ceiver back to the coded squelch mode. is repeated). Each user or repeater is assigned a ?ve Another two switch system is used in radios such as digit address which must be correctly decoded to access that receiver or repeater. Encoding and decoding cir 60 the GRUNDIG MODEL FK103. In this system a ?rst switch turns ON the receiver audio so that the user may cuits for such systems are well known. Having estab* pause between tones. Each tone represents a single digit 0-9 (or a repeat tone indicating that the preceeding digit lished receiver or repeater access, the user is then free to carry on normal two way voiceor data communica monitor the channel. Deactuation of the switch places the transceiver in a coded squelch mode. Actuation of the second switch while in the coded squelch mode One scheme often used to accomplish the above se 65 reverts the receiver to carrier squelch and transmits the quence of steps _is to provide the portable transceiver address code. All subsequent transmissions are without with three switches. In operation, the user firsts actuates encoding and the ?rst switch is actuated again to place a “push-to-monitor” switch which enables the receiver the radio back in the coded squelch mode. tions with another transceiver. I 3 4,501,017 Although these systems reduce the number of switches required to two, operation of the transceiver with one hand can be quite awkward. They inef?ciently 4 In another embodiment of the present invention, a method of controlling a multiple function switch in cludes the steps of providing a timer to establish time intervals, detecting whether or not the timer’s output is utilize valuable transceiver controls to actuate only basic transceiver functions not to mention increasing predetermined active, counting the number of switch their cost. Also, the user is required in each case to actuations occuring while the output is a predetermined manually place the transceiver back in a coded squelch signal, enabling an encoder if the count equals a ?rst predetermined count and inhibiting the encoder if the mode after conversation has ended. count is equal to a second predetermined count. The features of the invention believed to be novel are SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved controller for a multiple function switch. It is another object of the present invention to inte grate a plurality of switching functions in a single switch for a transceiver. set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself however, as to organization, method ‘of use, and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may be best understood 15 by reference to the following description taken in con It is another object of the present invention to pro vide an efficient switch scheme for initiating communi cations with a portable transceiver in a selective calling communications system. It is another object of the present invention to pro vide a controller which allows a single switch to per form a plurality of functions in a portable transceiver as a result of receiver conditions, transmitter conditions, junction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware implementa tion of the present invention‘ embodied in a transceiver. FIG. 2 is a detailed electrical schematic of a hardware and activity of the switch itself. embodiment of the controller portion of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of the conroller of FIG. 2. vide a controller for ef?cient utilization of switches in a puter implementation of the present invention embod It is a further object of the present invention to pro 25 miniature portable transceiver. FIG. 4 is a system block diagram for a microcom ied in a transceiver. ' FIG. 5 is a flow chart detailing the operation of the controller portion of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a combined functional block diagram and electrical schematic showing the hardware to utilize a In one embodiment of the present invention. A trans ceiver has a multiple function switch controller includ ing a timer for a establishing a time interval. A ?rst circuit produces a ?rst control signal when the switch is preferred microprocessor embodiment of the present actuated during the time interval, and a second circuit invention for FIG. 4. produces a second control signal when the switch is actuated outside the time interval. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED 35 EMBODIMENT In another embodiment of the present invention, a multiple function switch controller includes an appara Turning now to FIG. 1, a receiver 10 is coupled to an tus for detecting the actuation of a switch and a circuit address decoder 20 and receives modulated coded in for monitoring the status of a communication channel. formation from a radio channel. An address decoder 20 A timer responsive to either the monitoring circuit or examines that information to determine if the trans the switch detecting apparatus establishes a time inter ceiver is being selectively addressed by an appropri val. A transmitter enabling circuit enables the transmit ately encoded transmission. An indication of a correctly ter upon actuation of the switch during the time interval encoded address is then provided to an input 25 of a and an annunciation circuit annunciates the status of the switch controller 30 for processing. This information is communication channel upon actuation of the switch 45 also provided to a receiver audio circuit 40 so that voice outside the time interval. information received after the detected coded address In another embodiment of the present invention, a may be transferred to a speaker 50 in the preferred transceiver includes a multiple function switch control embodiment. Receiver 10 also provides a squelch cir ler having an apparatus for decoding a received signal cuit 60 with information, usually audio noise, for the having a predetermined address. A timer responsive to 50 purposes of determining whether or not there is an on the decoder establishes a time interval following each channel signal, correctly encoded or not, being re received signal having a predetermined address. A ?rst ceived by receiver 10. This squelch information is trans circuit responsive to the actuation of the switch pro ferred by switch controller 30 at a controller input 65 duces a ?rst control signal if the switch is actuated where it may be processed and delivered to the receiver during the time interval. A second circuit produces a audio via an output 75. second control signal if the switch is actuated outside A transmitter 80 can receive inputs either from a the time interval. microphone 90 or an address encoder 100, for modula In another embodiment of the present invention, a tion and transmission on the radio frequency communi transceiver has a multiple function switch controller cation channel. It is understood by those skilled in the including a circuit for detecting actuation of the switch art that transmitter 80 as well as receiver 10 may be and a decoder for decoding received signals of a prede AM, FM, PM or any combination or variation thereof termined type. A timer responsive to either the decoder without loss of generality. In the preferred embodiment. or the switch detector circuit establishes a time interval a narrowband FM system is used. following each decoding of a received message of a Transmitter 80 is enabled by a signal from switch predetermined type. A controller circuit causes the 65 controller 30 at a controller output 105. Switch control switch to activate a ?rst function if actuated during the ler 30 also determines when encoder 100 should gener time interval and a second function if actuated outside ate an address code by providing encoder 100 with an of the time interval. enabling signal from a controller output 115. In the 5 4,501,017 preferred embodiment a momentary switch 120 is nor mally grounded on one side. Actuation of the switch connects that side of the switch to a logic high in the form of a DC supply 130. The other side of switch 120 is coupled to an input 135 to switch controller 30. In operation, the system functions in the following manner. If the user desires to initiate a transmission, he ?rst actuates switch 120. If switch controller 30 has received an indication of channel activity at its input 65, the receiver’s audio is turned on by output 75 so that the user may hear that channel activity on speaker 50 thereby annunciating the channel status to the user. In the alternative, other ways of annunciating the channel status such as a visual display or light may be preferred 6 matically reverts back to the coded squelch mode. The next actuation of switch 120 causes the transceiver to operate as if it is the ?rst actuation of switch 120 thereby restarting the operation sequence without the necessity of manual intervention by the user. If, rather than a user initiated transmission, a conver sation is initiated by receipt of a properly encoded mes sage, address decoder 20 provides switch controller 30 with a signal at input 25. This signal directs switch decoder 30 to enable transmitter 80 upon the ?rst actua tion of switch 120 and places the receiver in a non coded squelch (carrier squelch) mode. The initial switch actuation which is necessary to prevent interfer ence when initiating a call is bypassed automatically in some cases. When the user has determined that the 15 when a conversation is initiated by receipt of a properly channel is free of activity he actuates the same switch 120 for a second time. The second actuation must occur encoded message. Since that initial actuation is carried out by the party initiating the call. Thus the controller within a predetermined time interval established at de operation is made dependent on both user initiated actuation of the ?rst actuation of switch 120. Upon switch actuations and messages received from calling receiving the second switch actuation, switch control 20 parties. ler 30 sends a control signal at output 115 enabling address encoder 100. It also sends a signal at output 105 actuating transmitter 80. Encoder 100 provides trans If receiver 10 receives a transmission which is on a proper channel but does not possess an appropriately encoded address, address decoder 20 will not respond sequence, for the desired receiver and preferrably in 25 and switch controller 30 will not turn on receiver audio 40. Actuation of switch 120 during the time that this structs transmitter 80 to mute any inputs from micro improperly encoded signal is being received however, phone 90 while the address is being encoded. Micro mitter 80 with the address code, such as a ZVEI tone phone 90 is muted at this time to prevent voices or noises entering the microphone from corrupting the encoder generated address. After the brief period of time required for the en coder 100 and transmitter 80 to send out the address, microphone 90 is unmuted and the user can begin his conversation. If the party being called responds within a predetermined period of time established by the last 35 will cause the receiver audio 40 to turn on so that the user is alerted to the presence of an active or busy chan nel. The receiver audio therefore serves as an annuncia tion circuit in the preferred embodiment. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that other ways of alerting the user to the presence of channel activity are readily implemented. Turning now to FIG. 2 for one embodiment of switch uncoded transmission mode in the preferred embodi ment. The present user’s receiver will acknowledge controller 30, input 135 is coupled to one input of an OR gate 200 and one input of an AND gate 205. Input 25 is coupled to one input of an AND gate 210. The output of receipt of that message by transferring voice informa an AND gate 210 is coupled to a second input of an OR deactuation of the user’s switch 120, he may do so in an tion from receiver audio 40 to speaker 50. After receiv 40 gate 200. The output of an OR gate 200 drives one input of an AND gate 215 and one input of an OR gate 220. ing that transmission the user will typically respond Input 25 is also coupled to a second input of OR gate with more voice information in a manual two-way con 220. The output of an OR gate 220 is coupled to a reset versation. This is accomplished by once again actuating input 225 of a timer 230. An output 232 of timer 230 is switch 120 within a predetermined time interval estab lished at the end of the received transmission as indi 45 coupled to the input of an inverter 235 and one input of an AND gate 240. The output of AND gate 240 is cou cated by loss of radio frequency carrier. select at his descretion whether or not encoder 100 is pled to a third input of an OR gate 220. The output of inverter 235 is coupled to the reset input 245 of a counter 250 and the output of AND gate 215 is coupled to a clock input 251 of counter 250. Counter 250 in this embodiment is preferrably a com mercially available Johnson counter with code con actuated at such a time. This is the type of system option verter having four digital outputs shown in FIG. 2 and Upon a third actuation of switch 120 within a prede termined time interval of receiving the last message, a signal at output 105 once again enables transmitter 80 and voice transmission may once again occur. In one embodiment of the present invention, the user may that may be useful in a number of communication sys— designated 0, 1, 2, and 3 respectively and numbered 252, tems. The system operates in a manner identical to its 55 253, 254 and 255, respectively in FIG. 2. However, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that many operation during the last reception and transmissionon subsequent receptions and transmissions as long as they other types of counter circuits may be substituted for occur within the time interval established by the switch the Johnson counter of this embodiment. controller 30. It is understood that counter 250 is reset upon power In all cases of the preferred embodiment this time 60 up. That is, l 0 O 0 appears at outputs 0, 1, 2, and 3 interval begins upon deactuation of switch 120 or the respectively upon initial power-up of controller 30. end of a received message. In the preferred embodiment Also, it is understood that timer 230 is not timing upon this time interval is controlled by a programmable timer power-up of the system. That is, when power is applied which can be set anywhere from several milliseconds to a logic zero appears at the output of timer 230. Al several minutes. A time interval of approximately 7 65 though further circuitry which is not shown is required seconds has been found to be convenient. If either the to establish such an initialization, addition of that cir receiving or transmitting party fails to respond within cuitry is well known and will not add materially to the the predetermined time interval, the transceiver auto understanding of the present invention. It will be evi 7 4,501,017 8 dent to one skilled in the art that the design addition of squelch input is at a logic high, indicating no channel that circuitry is readily accomplished. activity, the user will hear that he has a clear channel and will release switch 120 at time T2. This causes a low The output of inverter 235 is coupled to one input of second input of an OR gate 256 is coupled to squelch input 65 and the input of an inverter 260. The output of going logic transition at the reset input 225 of timer 230 which causes the timer to begin timing its predeter mined time interval. inverter 260 drives a second input of AND gate 240. The output of OR gate 256 is the audio enable output 75 not yet expired, and the user once again actuates switch an OR gate 256 and one input of an AND gate 210. A of decoder 30. At time T3, the timer interval started at time T2 has 120 causing a low to high logic transition at input 135. Output 255 of counter 250 is coupled to one input of This once again resets timer 230 holding its output high an OR gate 265 and to the input of an inverter 270. The and causes counter 250 to be clocked to its next state output of inverter 270 is coupled to a second input of wherein output 254 is at logic high and outputs 252, 253 AND gate 215. Output 254 of counter 250 is coupled to and 255 are at logic lows. This state of ,the counter a second input of an OR gate 265. The output of OR causes a logical low to high signal transition at transmit gate 265 is coupled to a second input of AND gate 205. 5 ter enable output 105 and encoder enable output 115. The output of AND gate 205 is the transmit enable This causes the transmitter to be active and the encoder output 105. Outputs 252 and 253 of counter 250 are not to provide the transmitter with the address of the party used in controller 30 but are shown here to complete the being called. This occurs whether switch 280 is in either discription. position A or B. Since the output of the timer is held Encoder enable output 115 is selectively coupled by a high by the constant reset input caused by actuation of two position jumper or switch 280 to either counter switch 120, the audio is always disabled when the trans output 254 (if switch 280 is in position A) or transmit mitter is enabled. Normally the encoder will require enable output 105 (if switch 280 is in position B). If only a very brief period of time (typically less than 0.5 switch 280 is in position A, the address encoder 100 of seconds) to encode an address to be transmitted by the FIG. 1 will be operative only on the ?rst actuation of transmitter. During this time, the transmitter will nor switch 120 after the timer starts timing and subsequent mally mute the microphone 90 of FIG. 1 and transmit transmissions will be unencoded. If switch 280 is in the code address. position B, the encoder will be enabled each time a After the code address has been transmitted, the mi transmission occurs during the timer interval (each time crophone 90 will be unmuted and voice transmission may proceed. Alternately, if data transmission is desired the transmitter is enabled). FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of the circuit embodiment it may take place after the addressing process is com of FIG. 2. Although outputs 252 and 253 of counter 250 pleted. At the end of the voice or data transmission, are not utilized in the circuit of FIG. 2, they are in switch 120 is deactuated at a time corresponding to T4 cluded in timing diagram FIG. 3 for the purpose of of FIG. 3. The deactuation disables the transmitter and, illustrating the operation of the particular type of John if switch 280 is in position A, disables the encoder. The son counter used in this embodiment. Commercially available Johnson counters such as the MCl4022 counter produced by Motorola Inc. as well as other low transition at the reset input 225 of timer 230 once again causes the timer to begin its predetermined time interval. At time T5 the party being called responds with a counters are entirely suitable for this application. Simi larly, numerous timing circuits, such as analog one-shot 40 transmission of his own. This causes squelch input 65 of type timers and clocked digital counter based circuits, the formerly transmitting and now receiving unit to go to be used for timer 230 will occur to those skilled in the to a logic low causing audio enable output 75 to go low turning on the receiver’s audio allowing the user to hear The timing diagrams of FIG. 3 includes FIGS. 3A the message being received. The received audio also through 3M wherein FIG. 3A represents the signal at 45 turns on the reset input 225 of timer 230 thereby holding switch input 135, FIG. 3B represents the signal present the output at a logic high. At time T6 the received at the reset input 225 of timer 230 and FIG. 3C repre message ends causing the squelch input 65 to go back to sents the signal present at the output 232 of timer 230. a logic high which in turn causes the audio to be dis art. FIGS. 3D, 3E, 3F and 3G respectively represent the abled by the high going transition at output 75. The signals present at outputs 252, 253, 254, and 255 of 50 change at input 65 causes timer 230 which had been counter 250, respectively. FIG. 3H represents the signal reset by the logic high on input 65 to start its time inter present at transmit enable output 105. FIG. 31 repre sents the signal present at encode enable output 115 in the case of switch 280 set in the A position. FIG. 3] val once again. At time T7, the user once again actuates switch 120 to respond to the message received between T5 and T6 represents the signal present at squelch input 65. FIG. 55 causing input 135 to go high and reseting the timer. The 3K represents the signal present at audio enable output counter is once again clocked to the next count causing 75. FIG. 3L represents the signal present at encoder its output 255 to go to a logic high while outputs 252, enable output 115 in the case of switch 280 set to the B 253 and 254 are at a logic low. The transmitter is en position. FIG. 3M represents the signal present at de coder input 25. abled by output 105 and, if switch 280 is in" position 8. At a time T1 OF FIG. 3 the user actuates switch 120 the encoder 100 of FIG. 1 is once again enabled. If switch 280 is in position A an unencoded transmission will occur. If the encoder 100 is enabled, voice or data may be transmitted after the address is encoded and transmitted. If the encoder is not enabled voice or data for a ?rst time to initiate a call causing a logic high to appear at input 135. This causes a logic high to appear at the reset input 225 of timer 230 which in turn causes the output 232 of timer 230 to become active and go to 65 information may be transmitted immediately. a logic high. Counter 250 is clocked at this time causing output 253 to go high, output 252 to go low and outputs 254 and 255 to remain at a logic low. Assuming the At time T8 switch 120 is deactuated causing input 135 to once again return to a logic low. This causes a high to low transition at the timer reset input 255 which 4,501,017 10 restarts the timing of the predetermined time interval. and switch 120 and delivers appropriate signals to re The signal at output 255 of counter 250 is fed back ceiver audio 40 and transmitter 325. It will be appreci through inverter 270 and AND gate 215 to prevent ated that transmitter 325 may alternately include an further actuations occurring while the output 232 of encoder such as encoder 100 and receiver 10 may alter timer 230 is active (logic high) from clocking counter 5 nately include a ‘decoder such as decoder 20. Preferra 250. Therefore, there is no change in counter outputs bly, however, the micro-computer would handle these 252, 253, 254 or 255 on any subsequent transmission functions. Micro-computers such as the widely avail unless timer 230 times out to the end of its time interval. able Motorola MCl46805G2 as well as others is suitable This will cause the counter 250 to reset to its original for performing these functions. state prior to time T1. The time interval from T9 to T10 represents a re ceived message similar to that occuring between time T5 and T6. Although counter 250 is at a different count, the controller 30 responds to this incoming message in a manner identical to its response between T5 and T6. In this embodiment, ROM 320 serves as a “code plug” which is used to program the transceiver with various options and information necessary 'to the trans ceivers standard operation. Information such as tone duration, tone frequency, etc may be stored therein and programmed to meet various user or system require Similarly, the decoder responds to subsequent transmis ments. The switch 280 of controller 30 is preferrably sions such as that occuring between time T11 and T12 replaced by one bit of digital information in ROM 320 the same as transmissions occuring between time T7 and for system 300. T8 as long as the timer output 232 is at a logic high. FIG. 5 shows a flow chart of one method of program At time T13 the output 232 of timer 230 becomes 20 ming micro-‘computer 310 to perform the functions of inactive and goes to a logic low indicating that the the present invention. This flow chart is designed to predetermined time interval of timer 230 has expired. parallel the operation of hardware switch controller 30 This resets counter 250 to its initial state just prior to and the reader should be aware that decision blocks do not uniformly show the result of a “yes” answer at the time T1. Actuations of switch 120 occuring subsequent to time T13 will cause controller 30 to respond as it did 25 bottom of the diamond shaped blocks. It will occur to at time T1 restarting the entire cycle. At time T14, the response of controller 30 to cor rectly encoded incoming messages is shown. That is, the conversation is inititated by another transceiver addressing the transceiver of the present user. At this time input 25 makes a low to high transition as a result of a correctly decoded address by decoder 20. This causes a logic low to logic high transition at the timer reset input 225 which in turn causes the timer output 232 to go high. The incoming signal at input 25 also causes counter 250 to be clocked causing its output 253 to go high and its output 252 to go low. Outputs 254 and 255 remain at a logic low. Since a decoder output im plies that a signal is being received, squelch input 65 makes a logic high to a logic low transition and audio enable output 75 goes low turning on the receivers audio circuits. At time T15 the incoming message ends causing the timer 230 to begin timing its predetermined interval and those skilled in the art that many other flow charts will result in ?rmware which will equally well perform the desired functions, therefore, the flow chart of FIG. 5 is not intended to be limiting as the only program se quence which would perform the function of the pres ent invention. Program step 400 of the flow chart of FIG. 5 encom passes the ?rst steps of the program wherein a timer, counter and other circuitry will be initialized upon powering up the system. The program looks for a switch actuation at step 410 and if none is found pro ceeds to step 420 where the receiver squelch circuit is inspected to see if a radio frequency carrier is present. If carrier is present the timer is reset and a brief delay occurs at steps 430 and the program is returned to step 410. If the switch has been actuated step 440 checks to see if the timer is running. If not, step 450 enables the audio until step 460 detects a switch release. Until the switch release occurs periodic delays are encountered the audio to be disabled. It should be noted that after 45 through steps 470 until the switch is released. time T15 controller 30 is in exactly the same set of logic When the switch is released the timer is reset at step states that it was in after time T2. Therefore it is evident 480 and the program returns to step 410. If at step 440 it that a response by the user of actuating switch 120 will is determined that the timer is running, step 490 clocks cause the same response as that which occurred at time the counter. If the counter’s ‘count equals 2 at step 500, T3. That is, a transmission with an encoded address will 50 the encoder is activated along with the transmitter at occur. It will be evident to those skilled in the art, that step 510. The transmitter remains activated until steps the minor modi?cation of causing no address encoding 520 and 530 determine that the switch has been released. when communication is initiated by receipt of a cor At that point. Step 540 stops transmission and step 550 rectly encoded incoming message may be readily imple resets the timer. The program is then returned to step mented by clocking counter 250 more than once as a 55 410. result of a logic high at the output of AND gate 210. If at step 500 the count is not equal to two, step 560 Turning now to FIG. 4, it will be evident to one disables the clock to the counter. Step 570 determines skilled in the art that a microprocessor or microcom whether or not the user desires to encode upon each puter is ideally suited to perform the functions of con transmission or not. If so the program returns to step troller 30 in an equivalent embodiment shown in FIG. 4 510 and if not the program simply turns on the transmit as system 300. In this system a microcomputer 310 ter at step 580 without enabling the encoder. The pro along with its associated “code plug” ROM 320 will gram then proceeds to step 520. preferrably perform the functions not only of controller If at step 420 it is determined that carrier is not pres circuit 30 but also of other radio functions such as that ent, step 590 determines if a message has been is prop of the address decoder 20 and address encoder 100 of 65 erly encoded and correctly decoded. If not step 600 the system of FIG. 1 but this is not intended to be limit checks to see if the timer’s interval has expired. If not a ing. In this system, micro-computer 310 accepts incom ing information from receiver 10, squelch circuit 60, delay is encountered at step 610 prior to returning the program to step 410. If the timer’s interval has expired 4,501,017 11 at step 600, the audio is muted at step 620 and the timer is reset at step 630. The program then returns to step 410. If at step 590 the signal was appropriately decoded, 5 step 635 checks to see if the timer is running. If so, step 640 resets the timer and step 660 enables the receiver’s audio. The program then returns to step 410. If at step 635 the timer is not running, step 665 clocks the counter, step 670 resets the timer, step 675 enables the timer and 10 step 680 enables the audio. The program then returns to step 410. If it is desirable not to transmit an address code on the ?rst actuation of the switch 120 occuring after 12 Motorola MC146805G2P microcomputer in conjunc tion with the MCM2802P programmable ROM. The details of using this particular widely available micro processor/microcomputer family are well known and documented in the “M6805/Ml46805 Family Mi crocomputer/microprocessor User’s Manual” pub lished by Motorola, Inc., 3501 Ed Bluestein B1vd., Aus tin, Tex. 78721. The contents of the above referenced manual is hereby incorporated by reference. Details of the microprocessor itself may be found in the com monly published “Motorola Microprocessor Data Man ual” in the section entitled “MCl46805G2”, the con tents of which is also hereby incorporated by reference. receipt of a correctly encoded message, step 665 should In FIG. 6, the actual transceiver functions are repre clock the counter twice, otherwise an address will be 15 sented in block diagram form and one skilled in the art encoded on the ?rst transmit. will readily know how to accomplish the appropriate interfacing to those functions. Also, pin numbers for the Turning now to FIG. 6 a diagram of the actual hook plastic dual in-line package versions of the microcom up for the preferred ?rmware embodiment of the pres puter and ROM are circled and shown adjacent the ent invention is shown. This embodiment utilizes the 20 appropriate I.C. terminals. 0000 00:10 0020 00:30 0040 0050 0060 0070 0080 0090 0000 000:0 000:0 0000 001530 001-‘0 0100 0110 0120 01:30 01110 01:50 0160 0.1.70 0180 0190 0100 011:0 010:0 0100' 011:0 011-"0 0200 0210 02220 02:30 02-10 02:50 02:50 0270 D0 00 00 ll 0 00 00 00 00 ‘2.4 09 0 0 ED 3E: :30 EEiEI ‘1F 0 55 U ‘:‘3 80 0 E16 80 0 0 7‘? 3E: I36, 21) AE 1-NEI 55E: 153:7 13A 0 55 E17 CC 75 (34‘: A6 23F‘ 72 1. 2 137 E16 38 03 FE 137 Ci: ~70 13 91) 26 [1 0 0U (1 ll 00 [J [l 00 l] 0 00 1.6 21 3A “'1 I51 (36*: U 1. 6:1‘: 01 33H 26 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 at: 1"? 2:0 :30: 01-" 68 12:1) 1313 0:: 0-? TABLE l] l] l] 0 U U [l 0 l] l) l] U U l] 0 O l] U U l] U0 00 0 0 0 l] 00 00 17 U 1 ll. 0 Q6 E56 1. 0 0 4!’) E57 Elli; 3 5: 0 1’. 0 0 3|:- :23‘? l3 8 E'- D 3'1’: 3 El I U0 l] 0 00 l] 0 00 00 U0 00 18 1 ‘1 27.6 13E: F7 4‘? 13F 88 [1 U 0U [l l] U l] [l 0 U0 UU 00 [1 1 15:7 [1 ‘I’ QC’: 131: 81. (‘3191 E16 13C .20 ' {-5161 If U Il. I35: 0.1. 9 U 3 40 22 :5 ‘if 0 1M: 0 J): 11. 1:1 00 20 12:7 0:11‘ F, -. 00 00 00 ()0 (10 00 00 (10 00 00 00 00 (10 00 00 00 00 00 00 0O 00 00 00 0O 00 00 0 0 00 00 00 0 0 81 ms :50 E17 0A 15:7 :31) 1312) (20 04: #12 01 15:7 5:7 ‘3A ms 021 0:7 3A 3C 226 1-12 E11 113 :72: 01:‘; 12:1? 81 1F 0:2 15: 15:13) 80 ~16: 0:0 3C 7’ 02; (3:3 31: 15:1) 12:1) 88 0e: 01 0 1:11.: 04 97 31:: F1 '01; :30 12 72 E=D ‘ 12:4. 12:7 122:7 :31: Ell‘) 136 2.1:: 15:7 31:: E11) 12:7 131:) ms at: A6 an. 31') 20 1:12: 6 FF‘ 12:7 75 M: 12 (>1 A1 0P 2:, 0:3 (#4 "211 :20 0:5 12:7 7'5 E16 15:7 0a :31: 38 09 0E 231-‘ 138 15:7 0a 1221* 09 E16 ‘m :24, F1) 01 90 0 ll 00 00 00 00 00 (l 0 00 19 3E: ‘90 46 13 E1 l. ‘1 BF 0 t] 00 00 00 00 (l 0 00 l) 0 01 A6 1:1: :20 13:1 115: :31? 12:3 171) 1:7 23:: (30 ‘.2 It (‘H->1 E17 12:4. 130 01;: <71) ‘9D ‘9D 0:3 ms 0 II. ~41: 227 F7 12:7 0 ‘9 8 0 [I 8 127 9D 12:7 22c 0-1 m: 01) 31-1‘ 12 ct: 31: :39 013 11:: ms 00> 12:4: 01 0:2: ms 7E1 1:7 0:21 00 12:7 0111‘ ;'-"~;;. 12;:7 0:5 :71) 77 07 07 :10: U 6) 4,501,017 13 TABLE I (cont ' d) 02.80 0290 0200 025:0 0200 0200 0212230 020140 0300 0310 0:320 03:30 03-40 00:00 0:300 0:370 0:300 0:090 0300 030:0 05030 0300 0350 (ISFU 0400 0410 0420 0430 0440 0450 0400 0470 0480 04-00 0400 040:0 0400 0400 0450 (MP0 0500 0510 0520 0530 0540 0550 [1560 0570 0580 0590 0500 051310 0500 0500 050:0 USF'O U 3 CC 0 3 I31) D U 538 77 27 1C (58 (18 I1 '5 I) 7 U I] (I 2 E10 [1DIE: 1 7 I37 13!) 02 U 9 U l’. 38 ‘5C 0 E: U 2 3 ‘I :39 3D E17 I] 2 0 8 (3D PIE: I] 3 (68 1 II. 68 '1 (-1 6 22 1 E17 I] "I 1 0 U 0 I] E 7 [1 1 2 <58 96 0 II. 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E37 01 E16 81 {5:7 AF.‘ E16 20 20 00 00 U0 ()1 76 ABLE II 00 2E: 30 86 F8 E16 B? 07 313 0D U0 UP: 00 pl (3. 7 a. aL-LI n5 42 01 15 17 CC 4.. 21 18 04 20 06 16 5:9 28 Ali: 23 CD E6 07 E0 E0 3:: 0-0 3D FE‘ QIF-i 10 02 26 3D A6 IE5: 5:7 3A E6 1E: 1E: E10 EID 1E: E11 3D 0A E3 6 RE 08 F216 113: 00 00 00 74 20 31 20 ‘i9 élI-II 06 17 05 00 0C 3A 1A 16 E56 as E13 A6 [316 (11 EM I337 0A E4 E17 23 $222 1335 09. E16 0B 1''? 3A A6 1E5 28 AH E37 1F ' 0C 20 18 AD B9 05 81 3E! BE: 16 1'5 99 20 C7 15 36 -£-, HE! 04 3C 88 00 E5" 05 06 313 25 01 ‘i7 " E7 E11 01 ‘i0 BE: 20 Elf-‘l 00 E10 26 E11 E10 00 '3 "P 63 0E 3:3 ED 04 4E AF 00 38 41 1; 03 0C E316 2E E17 1E: E31) 0A $1 (‘Q 2E E10 00 00 I50 20 ED 01 When the hexadecimal program code shown in Table I is loaded into the microcomputer’s internal memory and the code shown in Table II is loaded into the pro grammable ROM, the circuit will perform in a manner substantially the same as that of controller 30 with switch 280 in the A position and in addition will per no form the decoding function for a 9-9-9-9-9 ZVEI code on data entering the PB6 input. If an encode is desired on each transmission (switch 280 in the B position), the tenth byte in line 3 of Table II should be changed from 2E to 3E. Also, theencoding function isperformed and the output appears in the form of a 350 millisecond, 17 4,501,017 18 1200 Hz tone in digital form at outputs PDZ and PD3 transmitted by said transmitter; and wherein said third when the microcomputer is clocked at a bus speed of 1 control signal allows said encoder to be enabled ony MHz. This output is processed by a two bit D/A con when said counter indicates that switch is being actu verter 690 and a low pass ?lter 695 prior to being trans ated for a ?rst time within said time interval. mitted by transmitter 325. The output of receiver 10 is 5 8. A multiple function switch controller in accor processed by a low pass ?lter 700 and then limited by a dance with claim 7, wherein said encoder includes a ?ve limiter 710 prior to input into the PB6 terminal of the microcomputer. tone sequential selective calling encoder. 9. A method of controlling the operation of a switch Thus, it is apparent that in accordance with the pres in a transmitter, comprising the steps of: ent invention a method and apparatus that fully satis?es 10 timing an interval following operation of said switch, the objects, aims, and advantages is set forth above. the duration of said time interval being indepen While the invention has been described in conjucntion dent of the operation of said switch; with specific embodiments, it is evident that many alter actuating said switch outside said time interval; natives, modi?cations and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing descrip- 15 tion. Accordingly, it is intended that the present inven tion embrace all such alternatives, modi?cations and variations as fall within the spirit and broad scope of the alerting the user of the status of a communication appended claims. What is claimed is: 1. In a transceiver including a transmitter and a re ceiver, a multiple function switch controller for con comprising: trolling the transceiver by the operation of a switch,\‘ a timer responsive to said switch for establishing a 25 time interval, the duration of said time interval being independent of the operation of said switch; ?rst means, coupled to said timer and responsive to actuation of said switch occuring during said time interval, for producing a ?rst transceiver control 30 signal wherein said ?rst control signal establishes a ?rst operational mode for said transceiver; and second means, coupled to said timer and responsive to actuation of said switch occuring outside of said time interval, for producing a second transceiver 35 control signal wherein said second control signal establishes a second operational mode for said transceiver; whereby, said switch controller allows said switch to control a plurality of transceiver functions. 40 2. A multiple function switch controller in accor dance with claim 1, further including: means, responsive to said ?rst control signal, for se channel upon actuation of asid switch outside of said time interval; actuating said switch during said time interval; and enabling said transmitter upon actuation of said switch occuring during said time interval. 10. A method in accordance with claim 9, further including the steps of: enabling an encoder upon a ?rst of said actuations of ‘ said switch occuring during said time interval; and inhibiting said encoder upon subsequent actuations of said switch occuring during said time interval. 11. In a transceiver including a transmitter and a receiver, a multiple function switch controller, compris ing: means for detecting operation of a switch; means coupled to said receiver for monitoring the activity of a selected communication channel; a timer, responsive to either said monitoring means or said detecting means, for establishing a time inter val, the duration of said time interval being inde pendent of the operation of said switch; means, responsive to actuation of said switch during said time interval, for enabling said transmitter; and means, responsive to actuation of said switch outside of said time interval, for annunciating the status of said communication channel. 12. A multiple function switch controller in accor dance with claim 11, further including: means for detecting a ?rst actuation of said switch lectively enabling said transmitter; and annunciating means, responsive to said second con 45 trol side, for annunciating the presence of activity on a selected communication channel. occuring during said time interval; and means for enabling an encoder during said ?rst actua tion. 13. A multiple function switch controller in accor dance with claim 12, further including means for inhib 3. A multiple function switch controller in accor dance with claim 2, wherein said annunciating means in iting said encoder during second and subsequent actua includes means for selectively directing audio fre 50 tions of said switch occuring during said time interval. quency signals to a loudspeaker. 14. In a transceiver ncluding a transmitter and a re 4. A multiple function switch controller in accor ceiver, a multiple function switch controller, compris dance with claim 2, further including an encoder cou ing: pled to said controller and said transmitter for encoding an address to be transmited by said transmitter; 55 said encoder being enabled whenever said transmitter means for detecting actuation of a switch; a decoder coupled to said receiver, for decoding received signals of a predetermined type; is enabled. 5. A multiple function switch controller in accor dance with claim 1, further including a counter for counting the number of actuations of said switch occur a timer, responsive to either said detecting means or said decoder, for establishing a time interval fol ing during said time interval. 6. A multiple function witch controller in accordance with claim 5, further including gating means, responsive to said counter, for providing a third control signal only on predetermined counts of said counter. 7. A multiple function switch controller in accor dance with claim 6, further including an encoder cou pled to said transmitter for encoding an address to be lowing each switch actuation or each decoding of a received signal of a predetermined type; and controller means, responsive to said timer and said switch, for placing said transceiver in a ?rst mode of operation if said switch is actuated during said time interval and placing said transceiver in a sec ond mode of operation if said switch is actuated outside of said time interval 15'. A multiple function switch controller in accor dance with claim 14, wherein: 19 4,501,017 20 enabling said transmitter upon actuation of said switch occuring while said output is said predeter said ?rst mode of operation is associated with said transmitter; and said second mode of operation is associated with said receiver. mined signal; . enabling an encoder to encode said transmitter’s transmitted signal when said count equals a ?rst 16. In a selective calling transceiver including a trans mitter and a receiver, a multiple function switch con predetermined count; and inhibiting said encoder when said count is equal to a second predetermined count. troller for controlling the transceiver by the operation of a switch, comprising: a decoder for decoding a received signal including a 26. In a transceiver including a tramsitter and a re ceiver, a switch controller for controlling the trans predetermined address; ceiver by the operation of a switch, comprising: a timer, responsive to said decoder, for establishing a time interval following each decoding of a re a timer for establishing a time interval in response to ceived signal including a predetermined address; ?rst means, coupled to said timer and responsive to ?rst means, responsive to actuation of said switch during said time interval for producing a ?rst trans‘ actuation of said switch during said time interval, for producing a first control signal to selectively enable said transmitter; second means, coupled to said timer and responsive said switch, ceiver control signal; and second means responsive to actuation of said switch outside of said time interval for producing a second transceiver control signal. 17. A multiple function switch controller in accor to actuation of said switch outside of said time interval, for producing a second control signal; 20 annunciating means, responsive to said second con trol signal, for annunciating the presence of activ dance with claim 16, wherein said ?rst control signal ity on a selected communication channel; and establishes a ?rst operational mode for said transceiver a counter for counting actuations of said switch oc and said second control signal establishes a second oper curing during said time interval. ational mode for said transceiver. 27. A switch controller in accordance with claim 26, 25 18. A multiple function switch controller in accor further including gating means, responsive to said dance with claim 17, further including: counter, for providing a third control signal only on predetermined counts of said counter. means, responsive to said ?rst control signal, for se 28. A switch controller in accordance with claim 27, lectively enabling said transmitter; and annunciating means, responsive to said second con 30 further including an encoder coupled to said transmitter for encoding an address to be transmitter by said trans trol signal, for annunciating the presence of activ mitter; and wherein said third control signal allows said ity on a selected-communication channel. encoder to be enabled only when said counter indicates 19. A multiple function switch controller in accor that said switch is being actuated for a ?rst‘ time within dance with claim 18, wherein said timer is also activated said time interval. in response to said switch. 35 29. A switch controller in accordance with claim 28, 20. A multiple function switch controller in accor wherein said encoder includes a ?ve tone sequential dance with claim 19, further including means, respon selective calling encoder. sive to actuation of said switch during said time interval, 30. A switch controller in accordance with claim 29, for enabling an encoder. wherein said annunciating means includes means for 21. A multiple function switch controller in accor selectively directing audio frequency signals to a loud speaker. dance with claim 20, further including a counter means 31. In a selective calling transceiver including a trans for counting the number of actuations of said switch mitter and a receiver, a switch controller for controlling during said time interval. the transceiver by the operation of a switch, compris 22. A multiple function switch controller in accor dance with claim 21, further including gating means, 45 mg: a decoder for decoding a received signal including a responsive to said counter for allowing said encoder to predetermined address; be enabled only on predetermined counts of said a timer, responsive to said decoder and said switch, counter. for establishing a time interval folllowing each 23. Av multiple function switch controller in accor decoding of a received signal including a predeter dance with claim 22, wherein said gating means allows mined address and following predetermined opera said encoder to be enabled only when said counter tions of said switch; indicates that said switch is being actuated for a ?rst ?rst means, responsive to actuation of said switch time within said time interval. during said time interval for producing a ?rst con 24. A multiple function switch controller in accor 55 trol signal; dance with claim 21, wherein said annunciating means means responsive to said ?rst control signal for selec tively enabling said transmitter; includes means for selectively directing audio fre second means, responsive to actuation of said switch quency signals to a loudspeaker. outside said time interval for producing a second 25. In a transmitter, a method of controlling a switch, control signal, comprising the steps of: annunciating means responsive to said second control providing a timer responsive to said switch for estab signal for annunciating the presence of activity on lishing timing intervals in response to operation of said switch; a selected communication channel; means responsive to predetermined actuations of said switch during said time interval for enabling an detecting whether or not an output of said timer is a predetermined signal; counting actuations of said switch occuring while said timer output is said predetermined signal to establish a count; 65 encoder; and counter means for counting actuations of said switch during said time interval. * * 1F * *