Download Troubleshooting and maintaining Cisco IP networks (TSHOOT

Troubleshooting and
Maintaining Cisco IP
(TSHOOT)
Foundation Learning Guide
Networks
Foundation
learning for
the CCNP TSHOOT 642-832
Amir
Cisco Press
800 East 96th Street
Indianapolis, IN
46240
Ranjbar,
CCIE No. 8669
Table of Contents
Introduction
Chapter
1
xvi
Planning Maintenance for Complex Networks
1
Applying Maintenance Methodologies
Maintenance Models and
2
Methodologies
Determining Procedures and Tools
to
Support
Maintenance Processes and Procedures
Maintenance Models
6
7
Network Maintenance Planning
7
Scheduling Maintenance
8
Formalizing Change-Control Procedures
Establishing Network
Documentation Procedures
Establishing Effective
Communication
8
9
Defining Templates/Procedures/Conventions (Standardization)
Planning for Disaster Recovery
Network
Monitoring
Fundamental Tools,
Configuration
Network
Summary
Review
Chapter
2
11
12
12
15
16
Monitoring and
Implementing Backup
Disaster
Resources
and Resources
and Documentation Tools
Services
Logging
Applications, and
Applications,
10
10
and Performance Measurement
Network Maintenance Tools,
4
5
Maintenance Task Identification
Network
1
Performance Measurement Tools
and Restore Services
Recovery Tools
17
18
22
23
Questions
27
Troubleshooting Processes for Complex Enterprise Networks
31
Troubleshooting Methodologies
Troubleshooting Principles
Structured
32
34
Troubleshooting Approaches
Top-Down Troubleshooting
Bottom- Up
Method
Troubleshooting Method
Follow-the-Path
35
36
Troubleshooting Method
36
Spot-the-Differences Troubleshooting Method
Move-the-Problem
Troubleshooting
Method
Troubleshooting Example: Methodologies
39
37
38
31
Implementing Troubleshooting Procedures
The
Troubleshooting
Defining the
Gathering
Problem
and
Eliminating
Process
41
42
Analyzing Information
Example on Elimination
Solving
the Problem
and
Troubleshooting and
Documentation
Chapter
3
Using
Using
Assumptions
46
the Network Maintenance Process
Control
50
53
Change Control
54
56
57
Questions
59
Maintenance and
Troubleshooting
Tools and
Cisco IOS Software for Maintenance and
Collecting
and
Collecting Real-time Information Using
Troubleshooting
Telnet
Cisco IOS
debug ip packet [access-list-number]/defaj7]
debug ip rip
Applications
debug Commands
73
Diagnosing Hardware Issues Using Cisco IOS Commands
Checking Interfaces
77
78
Using Specialized Maintenance and Troubleshooting Tools
Categories of Troubleshooting Tools
Using Traffic-Capturing Tools
SPAN and RSPAN
81
83
84
Gathering Information with
SNMP
87
Gathering Information with NetFlow
88
Network Event Notification
91
Summary
94
Review Questions
97
74
75
Checking Memory Utilization
64
69
74
Checking CPU Utilization
63
63
Filtering Information Using Cisco IOS show Commands
Testing Network Connectivity Using ping and
Enabling
50
51
Communication and
Review
46
Network Maintenance
Creating a Baseline
Change
45
47
Integrating Troubleshooting into
Summary
43
Possible Problem Causes
Formulating/Testing a Hypothesis
An
41
81
73
Chapter
4
Maintaining and Troubleshooting Campus
Troubleshooting VLANs
LAN Switch
104
Verifying Layer 2 Forwarding
Electing
Root Port
111
112
Spanning-Tree Operation
a
113
Bridge
113
Electing Designated Ports
Ports
109
Tree
Troubleshooting Spanning
Electing a
115
Going into Blocking,
or
Learning,
and
Forwarding
EtherChannel Operation
120
Troubleshooting Example:
Switch
Replacement
Gone Bad
Multilayer Switching
Switched Virtual Interfaces and Routed Ports
Using First-Hop Redundancy
Verifying FHRP Operation
Chapter
5
to HSRP
Routing
127
129
Troubleshooting First-Hop Redundancy Protocols
Review
121
Switched Virtual Interfaces and Inter-VLAN
Inter-VLAN Routing and
Summary
131
131
134
138
139
Questions
Maintaining
and
142
Troubleshooting Routing Solutions
Routing and Routing Data Structures
Troubleshooting
to
EIGRP
150
Verify Routing
Functions
156
159
Troubleshooting Example: Routing Problem
Network
Troubleshooting
154
156
EIGRP Routing Review
Monitoring EIGRP
149
149
Troubleshooting Network Layer Connectivity
Using IOS Commands
in an EIGRP
160
OSPF
OSPF Data Structures
116
119
Spanning-Tree Failures
Alternatives
State
117
Analyzing the Spanning-Tree Topology
Troubleshooting
103
103
Operation
Root
Switched Solutions
165
166
OSPF Information Flow Within
an Area
OSPF Information Flow Between Areas
170
171
126
Cisco IOS OSPF Commands
172
Troubleshooting Example: Routing
Troubleshooting
Route
Problem in
Route Redistribution
Injection
179
and Redistribution Process
Verifying and Troubleshooting
179
BGP Route
BGP
BGP
OSPF
and Data Structures
Information Flow
Cisco IOS BGP Commands
Review Questions
187
190
in a BGP Network
Common IPv4
NAT/PAT
211
Services
Addressing
Operation
Troubleshooting
Service Issues
211
212
Common NAT/PAT Issues
215
Troubleshooting Example:
Routing Issue 217
NAT/PAT Problem Caused
Troubleshooting Example:
NAT Problem Caused
Access List
Common DHCP
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Tips
DHCP
Troubleshooting Example:
Issues
Inaccurate
227
and Commands
231
Problems After
DHCP
Troubleshooting Example: Duplicate
DHCP
Troubleshooting Example: Relay
Identify Common IPv6 Routing Issues
a
Security
IPv6 Issues
Agent Issue
Stateless
Autoconfiguration Issue
Troubleshooting Example: OSPFv3 Configuration
IPv6
Troubleshooting Example:
276
279
OSPFv3
over
246
253
IPv6
Questions
238
240
243
IPv6 Troubleshooting Example: Redistribution Issue
Review
233
244
Troubleshooting Example:
Summary
Audit
Client IP Addresses
243
Troubleshooting
IPv6
an
226
DHCP
Routing
by
by a
220
Reviewing DHCP Operation
IPv6
191
202
Troubleshooting Addressing
Identify
183
197
Summary
6
EIGRP
189
Troubleshooting Example: Routing Problem
Chapter
to
187
Processing
Routing
181
Route Propagation
Troubleshooting Example: Redistribution from
Troubleshooting
174
OSPF Network
an
Errors
6to4 Tunnel
270
261
Chapter
7
Network Performance Issues
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Network Applications Services
Network Application Services
NetFlow
283
284
286
Cisco IP SLA
NBAR
289
292
293
SLB
QoS and AutoQoS
294
Common Issues with Network
Common NetFlow Issues
Common NBAR Issues
Common
AutoQoS
IP SLA
297
Issues
297
Network
Application
Troubleshooting Example
Identifying
Performance Issues
Troubleshooting
Switch
on
304
Switches
Switches
on
308
308
Switch Interface Performance Problems
Port/Interface
Issues
315
317
Forwarding Hardware
318
318
Troubleshooting TCAM Problems
Control Plane: Troubleshooting High CPU Load
DHCP Issues
325
Spanning-Tree
Issues
HSRP
310
314
Troubleshooting Example: Duplex Problem
Auto-MDIX
297
298
AutoQoS Troubleshooting Example
Performance Issues
Services Problem
301
Troubleshooting Example
Troubleshooting
296
Services
296
Troubleshooting Example:
NetFlow
Application
296
Common IP SLA Issues
The
283
on
Switches
322
326
327
Switch Performance Troubleshooting
Speed and Duplex Settings
Example:
327
Switch Performance
Troubleshooting Example:
Excessive Broadcasts
Switch Performance
Troubleshooting Example:
Excessive
Troubleshooting Performance
Troubleshooting High
CPU
Troubleshooting Switching
Process
Switching
Issues
348
on
Usage
Paths
Routers
Issues
347
on
Security
343
Routers
344
332
336
Fast
Switching
348
Cisco Express Forwarding
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
CEF
IOS Tools to
Analyze
Troubleshooting
Summary
Packet Forwarding
Memory
Issues
354
357
360
361
Review Questions
365
Networks
Troubleshooting Converged
Troubleshooting Converged
Networks
to
Common Wireless Integration Issues
WLAN
3S0
Switching
351
Router
BGP Memory Use
Chapter 8
349
Process and Fast
371
Support
Wireless
Trunk
374
and Trust Issues
378
Connectivity Troubleshooting Example: Misconfigured
Connectivity Troubleshooting Example: Duplex
WLAN
Connectivity Troubleshooting Example:
Security Implementations
LWAPP Denied
Unified Communications Issues in
a
Converged
Common Unified Communications Integration Issues
Unified Communications
Voice VLAN Issues
Troubleshooting Example:
Trunk Issues
390
Port
Security
Example:
Video-Integration
a
ACL and
Converged Network
Issues
410
410
Topology
416
IP Multicast
Video-Integration Troubleshooting Example:
Error
Configuration
Review
Chapter
9
426
431
Questions
433
Maintaining and Troubleshooting
435
Implementations
Troubleshooting
Secure Networks
Troubleshooting Challenges in
Security
and
Example: Invalid Marking of
Video-Integration Troubleshooting Example: Performance
Summary
390
405
Troubleshooting Video Issues in
STP
Network
399
Unified Communications Troubleshooting
Common
385
395
Unified Communications Troubleshooting
VoIP Packets
by New
382
Connectivity Troubleshooting Example: DHCP Issues
Troubleshooting
371
372
WLAN
WLAN
Operations
Features
Review
Network
Security
435
Secured Networks
437
436
Issues Due to
Troubleshooting Management
Management Plane
The
Plane
Security
438
Securing the Management Plane
440
Troubleshooting Security Implementations
Troubleshooting Control Plane Security
Securing the Control Plane
Troubleshooting
Control Plane
the Data Plane
Stateful Packet Inspection
44 9
Using the Zone-Based Policy Firewall
Troubleshooting Security Implementations
452
454
in the Data Plane
Office and Remote Worker
Branch Office and Remote Worker Connectivity
Connectivity
455
456
456
Issues with Branch Office and Remote Worker
Identifying
448
449
Other Methods of Securing the Data Plane
Troubleshooting Branch
in the
442
449
Securing the Data Plane Using IOS
Securing
Management Plane
448
Plane Security
Securing The Data Plane
in the
447
Troubleshooting Security Implementations
Data
438
45 7
Connectivity
Branch Office/Remote Worker Troubleshooting Example: Address
Translation Error 460
Branch Office/Remote Worker
Crypto Map
ACL Error
Branch Office/Remote Worker
Configuration Error
Troubleshooting Example:
463
Troubleshooting Example:
Branch Office/Remote Worker Troubleshooting
Routing
Problem
Chapter
10
Questions
Preparation
485
Review of
Appendix A
Index
501
ACL Denies
480
Review and
Summary
Troubleshooting Example:
476
Networks
Applying
Recursive
478
Summary
Review
Example:
471
Branch Office/Remote Worker
IPsec Protocols
GRE
467
for
Key Maintenance
Maintenance and
Troubleshooting Complex Enterprise
and
Troubleshooting Concepts and Tools
Troubleshooting Concepts and Tools
491
Answer to Review Questions
493
488
485