Download Analysis of high-speed opto-biological data from excitable tissues
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Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Background and significance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Thesis outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 2 2 I Introduction to cardiac electrophysiology and its research 5 2 Cardiac electrophysiology 2.1 The heart and the cardiac cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 The cardiac action potential and its propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7 10 3 State of the art research 3.1 Computer modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Mapping of cardiac excitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 15 16 II Signal processing and quantification of cardiac mapping 23 4 Data conditioning/filtering 4.1 Differential data . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Spatial and Temporal filtering . . . . . 4.3 Baseline wander removal or detrending 4.4 Normalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Smoothing filters . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 Differentiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 29 29 31 33 33 35 5 Cell 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 37 41 42 45 6 Quantification of arrhythmias 6.1 Time space plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 Phase maps and phase singularities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 53 54 network analysis Signal features of interest . . . . . . Visualizing features . . . . . . . . . . Quantification of activation patterns Propagation speed and direction . . vii . . . .