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CONTENTS Guide to Technical Documentation. ............................. vii 1 Introduction. ............................................... 1 Choice Among Convergent Languages. ........................ 1 Features of the Assembly Language. ........................ 2 Design of the Instruction Set. ............................ 2 Arrays. ................................................... 3 Object Modules and Linking. ............................... 3 Segments and Memory References. ........................... 4 Registers. ................................................ 5 Addressing. ............................................... 5 Procedures. ............................................... 7 Macros. ................................................... 8 Example. .................................................. 8 Invoking the Assembler from the Executive. ................ 8 Field Descriptions. .................................... 10 2 Programs and Segments. ..................................... Segments. ................................................ SEGMENT/ENDS Directives. ............................... Segment Nesting. ....................................... ASSUME Directive. ........................................ Loading Segment Registers. ............................... Segment Override Prefix. ................................. Anonymous References. .................................... Memory Reference in String Instructions. ................. GROUP Directive. ......................................... Procedures. .............................................. PROC/ENDP Directives. .................................. Calling a Procedure. ................................... Recursive Procedures and Procedure Nesting on the Stack. ............................................. Returning from a Procedure. ............................ Location Counter ($) and ORG Directive. .................. EVEN Directive. .......................................... Program Linkage (NAME/END, PUBLIC and EXTRN. ............. END Directive. ......................................... 13 13 13 14 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 22 23 Data Definition........................................... Introduction. ............................................ Constants. ............................................... Attributes of Data Items. ................................ SEGMENT. ............................................... OFFSET. ................................................ TYPE. .................................................. DISTANCE. .............................................. Variable Definition (DB, DW, DD Directives. .............. Constant Initialization. ............................... Indeterminate Initialization. .......................... Address Initialization (DW and DD Only. ................ String Initialization. ................................. 29 29 29 31 31 31 31 31 32 32 33 33 33 3 Contents 23 25 25 26 26 27 iii
