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Appendix E
E- 4
Glossary
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Hardkey: Connector usually attached to parallel interface of
microcomputer with the function of prevent the execution of illegal copies
of software.
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Hardware: Physical equipment used in data processing where the
programs (software) are usually executed.
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Hot swapping: Procedure for substitution of system modules without
having to turn off the power. Normally used to change I/0 modules.
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IEC Pub.144 (1963): Standard for protection against incidental access to
equipments and sealing of water, dust or other equipment strange objects.
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IEC 1131: Generic standard for operation and use of Programmable
Controllers.
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IEC-536-1976: Standard for protection against electric shock.
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IEC-801-4: Standard for tests of immunity from interference through pulse
bursts.
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IEEE C37.90.1 (SWC - Surge Withstand Capability): Standard for
protection against oscillatory wave noise.
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Inactive CPU: CPU which is not in an active status (controlling the
system), neither in a reserve status (supervising the active CPU) nor being
able to take control of the system.
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Installation: Describes the mounting of hardware, cabling, power and other
elements of the system.
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Instruction: Operation to be executes over a set of operands inside a
program.
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Integrated circuit: Device which incorporates, into one encapsulation, all
the elements and interconnections necessary for a complete miniaturised
electrical circuit.
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Interface: Device which adapts electrically and/or logically the transfer of
signals between two pieces of equipment.
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Interruption: Priority processing event which temporarily suspends
program execution. The interruptions can be divided into two generic types:
hardware and software. The first is caused by a signal coming from a
peripheral device and the second is created by instructions of a program.
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I/O (input/output): Input and/or output data devices of a system. In the
case of PLCs, they correspond typically to digital or analog input or output
modules, that monitor or active the control devices. In ALTUS PLCs relay
language, they also correspond to operands E (input) and S (output),
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I/0 Module: Module belonging to an I/0 subsystem.