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EM 1110-2-1009
1 Jun 02
based on repeated surveys on monitoring networks. Baseline solutions should have fixed integer
ambiguities, float solution are generally unacceptable. A-posteriori variance ratios (RMS) between fixed
and float solutions are found to range between 10 to 30, with an average of 20, indicating reasonably high
confidence in the fixed integer solution. A minimum value of seven (7) should be produced or problems
with ambiguity resolution might be suspected. Sometimes GPS data is unusable or will not process due
to poor observing conditions
Figure 8-7. Network map of 10 monitoring points compared between GPS and precise conventional
surveying results. Error ellipses are plotted at ten times actual size.
Overall differences are less than 2-3 mm in all cases.
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