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120 4000 3500 100 3000 2500 60 2000 1500 40 Wheel speed [RPM] Speed [kph]/Torque [N-m] 80 1000 20 500 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 14 -20 -500 Time (s) speed Front Torque Req RPM Figure 58: Regenerative braking control strategy not functioning as intended The cause of this behaviour was eventually identified as a safety logic error. Redundant safety checks to ensure that regenerative braking would be performed during forward motion were not receiving the required input speeds to unlatch the regenerative braking function. Once this error was identified and corrected, regenerative braking behaviour shown as negative torque requests, circled in Figure 59, was obtained through the software-in-the-loop modeling. 140 8000 120 7000 100 5000 60 4000 40 3000 20 2000 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 1000 -20 -40 0 Time (s) speed Front Torque Req RPM Figure 59: Regenerative braking control strategy functioning as intended 85 Wheel speed [rpm] Speed [kph]/Torque [N-m] 6000 80