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Download Location and Extent of the Soils of Southern Ontario: A User's Guide
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Research Branch Technical Bulletin 1998-4E Location and Extent of The Soils of Southern Ontario A User's Guide to Series, Catenae and Soil Legend Information I.E. Jarvis, K.B. MacDonald and K.A. Denholm Soil Program at Guelph Greenhouse and Processing Crop Research Centre Agriculture and AgriFood Canada Soils Program at Guelph Greenhouse and Processing Crops Research Centre 70 Fountain St. East Guelph, ON N1H 3N6 A New Publication from the Ontario Land Resource Unit (OLRU) Please accept with our compliments a copy of the technical bulletin Location and Extent of the Soils of Southern Ontario: A user's guide to series, catenae and soil legend information. This technical bulletin shows the relationship between soils of the agricultural regions of southern Ontario mapped in detail by county and the generalized provincial level characterized by the Soil Landscapes of Canada map (map scale 1:1,000,000). For general users and students of soil science, the report provides an overview of the spatial distribution of soils across southern Ontario. The soil legend provides information about the soil parent material deposits and texture as well as the general category of surface soil drainage. For expert users of soil survey information, this report is intended to provide a framework for broad level soil correlation. It replaces the 1964 publication Soil Associations of Southern Ontario; Report 30. For further information about this bulletin or other publications or activities of the Ontario Land Resource Unit please contact: Or Dr. K. Bruce MacDonald, Head, OLRU 70 Fountain St. East Guelph, Ontario N1H 3N6 Phone: 519-826-2086 Fax: 519-826-2090 Dr. G. Whitfield Director, GPCRC Highway 18 Harrow, Ontario N0R 1G0 519-738-2251 519-738-2929 Please note: After August, 1998 the OLRU will be closed and all enquiries should be directed to Dr. Whitfield, LOCATION AND EXTENT OF THE SOILS OF SOUTHERN ONTARIO A User's Guide to Series, Catenae and Soil Legend Information By I.E. Jarvis K.B. MacDonald and K.A. Denholm Hard copy of this publication can be obtained from: Soil Program at Guelph, Greenhouse and Processing Crop Research Centre Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 70 Fountain Street E. Guelph, ON N1H 3N6 ©Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada 1998 Cat. No. A54-8/1998-4E ISBN 0-662-26776-1 ACKNOWLEDGMENT A project of this magnitude could not be undertaken without of the past and continuing contribution of the Ontario soil survey community as a whole. In particular the authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of L.W. Schut and E.A. Wilson of the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Resources and Regulations Branch, and D. Kroetsch of the Eastern Cereals and Oilseeds Research Centre, Land Evaluation Program. The Authors would also like to thank B.K. Hohner, D.W. Lee and B. Boulay for their technical assistance in the preparation of this report. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Background 5 2. Soils of Ontario Legend 6 3. The Location and Extent of Soils in Southern Ontario 7 3.1 7 A Generalization Model For Soils Information 4. Legend 9 5. Soil Maps 18 5.1 Lake Erie Lowlands Ecoregion 18 5.2 Manitoulin - Lake Simcoe Ecoregion 37 5.3 St. Lawrence Lowlands Ecoregion 62 5.4 Frontenac Axis Ecoregion 73 6. Catena Index 74 7. Series Index 76 8. References 80 4 1. Background The Soil Associations of Southern Ontario, Report 30 of the Soil Survey of Ontario was published in 1964 (Hoffman et al. 1964). The publication of the report coincided with the completion of the county soil surveys for Southern Ontario. This was a landmark in the history of Ontario soil survey. The objective of Report 30 was to create a generalized, small scale view of the soils for the entire agricultural region of Southern Ontario. The generalization was based on soil associations which are "groups of soils which occur together in the field and thus form a significant landscape" (Hoffman et al. 1964) . The report also included a Key to the Soil Series of Ontario, which has provided the definitive word on soil series and soil catenae classification. Since publication, Report 30 has provided an important tool for pedologists, even though many of the soil survey concepts have changed and many soil series have been added during recent re-surveys. Consequently, there is a need to update the soils key and the maps showing the distribution of Ontario soils. Since the publication of Report 30, the status of the soil survey has evolved, as well, the tools to manage data have improved. The Ontario soil survey has reached another landmark, the completion of a digital version of the county soils database. With the data and tools now at hand its now possible to describe the extent and distribution of Ontario soils with a degree of accuracy and flexibility which was not previously possible. As well, there is a need to update the soils key of Ontario to include present classification concepts and new soil series which have been described since Report 30 was published. With these considerations in mind this technical bulletin has been created to replace Report 30 by meeting the following objectives: I. To update the key to the soil series of Ontario from Report 30 and to present it in the format of the Southern Ontario Soils Legend and; ii. To show the distribution and extent of soils in Southern Ontario at the catenae level of generalization. For expert users of soil survey information, this report is intended to provide the basis for identifying and rectifying soil correlation issues. For non-expert users and students of soil science the report provides a generalized overview of the distribution of soils and basic soil properties for the entire Southern Ontario landscape. Much of the work described has evolved from recent activities of the Ontario Soil Landscape Attribute Project (OSLAP). The computer analysis and field work carried out for OSLAP have resulted in a better understanding of the distribution of soils in Southern Ontario (Jarvis et al. 1996). In addition, recent work to upgrade county soil surveys in Eastern Ontario resulted in the development of a generic legend for Ontario soils which provides a consistent view of the soil classification hierarchy in Ontario. These projects have provided much of the background for this report. 5 2. Soils of Ontario Legend The Soils of Ontario Legend (SOL) classifies the soils according to their physical properties and soil forming conditions as expressed by soil profile characteristics. The purpose of the SOL is to present the expert user with information which will aid the development of soil data applications, and provide a tool for the pedologist to address soil correlation issues. The SOL is presented in table 1. The soils of Ontario are classified using criteria from the Canadian System of Soil Classification (CSSC, Agriculture Canada Expert Committee on Soil Survey, 1987). The CSSC hierarchy consists of: Order; Great Group; Subgroup; Family; Series. In addition, the CSSC series can be grouped into catena which have similar family level characteristics, but different drainage. Catenae may transcend soil orders and as such are not part of the CSSC hierarchy, however catenary organization has particular utility when describing the spatial distribution of soils because they link landscape (landscape position) with series level criteria. The SOL is organized by soil family, catena and series. The criteria for each of these classes include: Soil Family Differentiating criteria from the Order, Great Group, and Subgroup levels, plus... Parent Material Deposition Soil Reaction (mineralogy) Parent Material texture Soil Series Differentiating criteria from the Order, Great Group, Subgroup and family levels, plus... Detailed Features of Pedon including: Colour Texture Structure Layer Thickness Soil Catena Grouping of soil series with similar Parent Material Deposition, Soil Reaction (mineralogy), and Parent Material texture plus ... Different Drainage The SOL is organized in order to reflect both the CSSC and Catenae criteria. The legend is organized as follows (in order): Parent Material Deposition Parent Material texture Catena Name Drainage Series Name In order to assist the user, the SOL also includes unique line number identifiers for each series. These numbers are used in the indexes (Section 6 and 7) to cross reference catenae and series with the location of their soil extent and location maps. 6 3. The Location and Extent of Soils of Southern Ontario The digital spatial framework of county soil surveys was completed for the OSLAP project. This spatial framework, in combination with GIS capabilities, has made it possible to describe the location and extent of Ontario soils quantitatively. However, in order to present detailed county information at such a broad scale it is necessary to generalize the data to a scale which is appropriate to the presentation. A generalization model must address both data generalization and spatial generalization. In Report 30 data generalization was based on common soil associations and the spatial generalization was based on units of common deposition, similar to present day CSSC family level criteria. These soil associations had little precision and quantification was not possible, but the map still served the community well as the best source of data possible at that time. With improvements in data and technology it is possible to be more precise in our generalization. The OSLAP project has provided the theoretical model to guide data generalization and the Soil Landscapes of Southern Ontario mapping framework is particularly well suited for describing the broad scale distribution of soils. 3.1 A Generalization Model for Soils Soils boundaries are not usually sharp, but rather appear as gradual transitions across the landscape. As a result, soils mapping is conducted by bounding similar soils based on discontinuities in selected characteristics. The characteristics used to map are defined to meet the information needs of the user. Consequently, soil map delineation's are not arbitrary, but are scale dependent models based on soil and landscape relationships. Scale determines spatial resolution, for example, a detailed map is expected to have a larger number of soil units in a given extent than a generalized soil map. Scale also influences attribute definition, for example, in a detailed map texture can be narrowly defined using particle size analysis, whereas in generalized maps it is more appropriate to use broad texture classes, reflecting the increase in variability as the extent characterized increases. Consequently, changing the resolution changes the nature of attributes in terms of class limits and attribute definition. The scale sensitivity of attributes are often mis-understood and rarely documented. To rectify this a generalization model was adopted to guide the revision of the Southern Ontario Soil Landscapes for the OSLAP project. The generalization also permits the development of the location and extent of catenae maps presented in this report. In Ontario detailed soil maps have been developed at scales ranging from 1:25,000 to 1:63,360 (one at 1:126,720), with a corresponding spatial resolution of 5 ha to 12.6 ha based on standard cartographic principles (Monette and MacDonald 1992). The polygons represent soil series or soil associations and are characterized by attributes derived from modal pedon data which describe the soil series. In order to generalize county level soils mapping it is necessary to develop a compatible model of soil and landscape at the broad scale (1:1,000,000). To guide the development of a generalized soil landscape model we have looked to more recent work in the U.S. (USDA 1991) and efforts at soil map generalization in Ontario (Cressman 1996). Based on the review the catena concept was adopted as the general principle to guide the generalization of detailed attributes (1:25,000 to 1:63,360) to the SLC scale (1:1,000,000). 7 Detailed soil mapping in Ontario has traditionally been based on a landscape model of series or Association with attribute representations consisting of series level pedon data. Series consisting of similar materials are differentiated based on drainage, which implies slope position. The catenae model generalizes series by grouping similar soils with different landscape positions. The following discussion briefly outlines the methods used to generalize series on detailed soil maps to catenae on the generalized SLC map. A more detailed methodology is contained in Appendix B of the OSLAP working paper (Jarvis et al. 1997). The catena generalization was performed by developing an overlay of the SLC with detailed soil maps (figure 1). The soil series proportions are summarized then generalized by grouping into catenas. These catenas are the new SLC components and attribute data is developed based on the dominant soil for each catena in each polygon. Figure 1. Generalization of Detailed Maps to Catena. The maps which show soil extent and distribution in section 5 are based on these catenary generalizations. Section 4 presents the Soils of Ontario Legend, which, among other things, provides the catenae groupings that were used for soils data generalization. The legend and maps are not comprehensive, they do not contain some soil catenae and series of limited extent in the province. If necessary the minor soils can be found in the county soil survey reports. 8 4. Soils of Ontario Legend Parent Material Class Parent Material Texture Glacial Till Line # CATENA NAME SERIES NAME SOIL CODE DRAINAGE Map Page # Loamy with some coarse fragments 1 ANCASTER ANCASTER ACE Rapid - Sandy with coarse fragments 2 BALMER BALMER BMR Well - Sandy with coarse fragments 3 BONDHEAD BONDHEAD BDH Well 38 4 GUERIN GUR Imperfect 5 LYONS LYS Poor BRYANSTON BBY Well THORNDALE THN Imperfect Loamy with coarse fragments 6 BRYANSTON 7 3 26 NISSOURI NIS Poor BURNSTOWN BURNSTOWN BTW Well 10 CAISTOR CAISTOR CTR Imperfect Sandy with coarse fragments 11 CHRISTY CHRISTY CIY Poor - Loamy with some coarse fragments 12 DARLINGTON DARLINGTON DGT Well 52 WHITBY WBY Imperfect LYONS LYS Poor DELORO DLO Well 16 DUMMER DMM Well 17 ROCKCROFT RKF Imperfect 18 HARNEY HEY Poor DUMFRIES DUF Well 20 KILLEAN KIL Imperfect 21 LILY LIY Poor DUNEDIN DUD Well CRAIGLEITH CGH Imperfect EGANVILLE EGV Well STAFFORD SFD Imperfect Loamy with coarse fragments 9 Clayey with coarse fragments 13 14 Loamy with coarse fragments Loamy with coarse fragments Clayey with coarse fragments 15 19 22 DELORO DUMFRIES DUNEDIN 23 Loamy with coarse fragments 24 EGANVILLE 25 Loamy with coarse fragments Loamy with some coarse fragments 26 GRENVILLE GVI Well 27 MATILDA MTD Imperfect 28 LYONS LYS Poor GUELPH GUP Well 30 LONDON LOD Imperfect 31 PARKHILL PLL Poor 29 GRENVILLE GUELPH 9 25 40 39 51 63 42 Parent Material Class Parent Material Texture Glacial Till (Cont'd) Loamy with coarse fragments Loamy with coarse fragments Clayey with coarse fragments Clayey Sandy with coarse fragments Loamy with some coarse fragments Loamy with coarse fragments Loamy with coarse fragments Loamy with some coarse fragments Loamy with some coarse fragments Loamy with some coarse fragments Sandy with coarse fragments Loamy with coarse fragments Line # 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 CATENA NAME SERIES NAME HARKAWAY HARKAWAY WIARTON PARKHILL HARRISTON HARRISTON LISTOWEL PARKHILL HURON HURON PERTH BROOKSTON DORKING KING KING MONAGHAN BROOKSTON MONTEAGLE MONTEAGLE WEMYSS MURIEL MURIEL GOBLES KELVIN ONEIDA ONEIDA CHINGUACOUSY JEDDO OSPREY OSPREY LILY OTONABEE OTONABEE ELDORADO EMILY LYONS SENECA SENECA ST CLEMENTS ST CLEMENTS WELLESLEY TENNYSON TENNYSON BALDERSON INNISVILLE VARS VARS 10 SOIL CODE DRAINAGE Map Page # HKY Well 45 WIT Imperfect PLL Poor HRR Well 39 LTW Imperfect PLL Poor HUO Mod. Well 38 PTH Imperfect BKN Poor DKG Very Poor KIG Well 54 MOG Imperfect BKN Poor MGL Rapid WYS Imperfect MUI Mod. Well 21 GOB Imperfect KVN Poor OID Well 19 CGU Imperfect JDD Poor OPY Well LIY Poor OBE Rapid 42 EDO Well EMY Imperfect LYS Poor SNA Well 36 SCM Imperfect WEY Imperfect TNY Well 70 BDS Imperfect INV Poor VRS Well 72 Parent Material Class Parent Material Texture Glacial Till (Cont'd) Loamy with coarse fragments Line # 66 67 68 Loamy 69 70 71 Gravelly Sandy 72 Loamy with some coarse fragments 73 74 75 Clayey with some coarse fragments 76 77 78 Loamy over Clayey 79 40 - 100 cm of Contrasting Sediments 80 Over Glacial Till 81 Loamy over Clayey 82 Sandy over Clayey 83 84 85 Clayey over Clayey 86 87 88 Sandy over Loamy 89 90 91 Sandy over Loamy 92 93 Sandy over Loamy with coarse 94 fragments Loamy over Loamy 95 96 97 Loamy over Clayey 98 Loamy over Loamy with coarse 99 fragments Sandy over Sandy, gravelly with 100 CATENA NAME SERIES NAME VASEY VASEY HOWLAND LYONS VINCENT VINCENT KEMBLE BROOKSTON WILSONVILLE WILSONVILLE WOBURN WOBURN MILLIKEN LYONS WOLFORD WOLFORD MORRISBURG OSNABRUCK BENNINGTON BENNINGTON TAVISTOCK MAPLEWOOD BINBROOK BINBROOK BOOKTON BOOKTON BERRIEN WAUSEON CASHEL CASHEL PEEL MALTON DUNDONALD DUNDONALD EDENVALE MILL FREEPORT FREEPORT KOSSUTH SOIL CODE VSY HWD LYS VCT KMB BKN WIL WBU MLE LYS WFD MBG OBK BNG TVK MPW BNO BOO BRR WUS CSH PEL MAT DUL EDV MIL FEP KSU DRAINAGE Map Page # Well 46 Imperfect Poor Well 47 Imperfect Poor Rapid 31 Well 26 Imperfect Poor Well 67 Imperfect Poor Well 23 Imperfect Poor Imperfect 27 Well 23 Imperfect Poor Well 24 Imperfect Poor Well 48 Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect HILLSBURGH HLH Well 49 HONEYWOOD HONEYWOOD EMBRO CROMBIE LAMBTON LAMBTON HYW EBR CMB LMB Well Imperfect Poor Well 24 MANNHEIM MANNHEIM MNM Well 60 SCOTLAND SCOTLAND STD Rapid 31 11 HILLSBURGH 29 Parent Material Class Parent Material Texture 40-100 cm of coarse fragments Contrasting Sediments Sandy over Loamy Over Glacial Till (Cont'd) Clayey with some coarse fragments over Loamy Loamy over Loamy Lacustrine or Marine Loamy Clayey Loamy Clayey Clayey Clayey Clayey Sandy Clayey Line # CATENA NAME SERIES NAME SOIL CODE DRAINAGE Map Page # 101 SCOTLAND OAKLAND OKL Imperfect 31 102 WALSHER WALSHER WSH Well 29 103 VITTORIA VIT Imperfect 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 SILVER HILL WAUPOOS SOLMESVILLE LINDSAY WOOLWICH CONESTOGO MARYHILL ALMONTE SNEDDEN APPLETON BLACKWELL BRANT TUSCOLA COLWOOD BRANTFORD BEVERLY TOLEDO CARP NORTH GOWER BELMEADE CLYDE DALHOUSIE BRANDON GOODSTOWN FOX SULLIVAN BRADY GRANBY GANANOQUE LANSDOWNE SIN WPO SMV LSY WOW CTG MYL AMO SND APP BCW BRT TUC CWO BFO BVY TLD CRP NGW BMD CYD DHU BDO GDT FOX SVN BAY GNY GQU LDW Poor Well Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect Well Poor Well Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect Poor Imperfect Poor Very Poor Poor Imperfect Poor Very Poor Rapid Well Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect WAUPOOS WOOLWICH ALMONTE APPLETON BLACKWELL BRANT BRANTFORD CARP CLYDE DALHOUSIE FOX GANANOQUE 12 53 54 71 28 21 19 64 25 66 22 46 Parent Material Class Lacustrine or Marine (Cont'd) Parent Material Texture Clayey Sandy Clayey Clayey Sandy Loamy Clayey Loamy Loamy Loamy Loamy Clayey Sandy Loamy Clayey Line # 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 CATENA NAME SERIES NAME SOIL CODE GANANOQUE NAPANEE NPE GRIMSBY GRIMSBY GMY VINELAND VLD FLAMBOROUGH FMB LEITH LEITH LTH LOCKPORT LOCKPORT LKP LOWBANKS LOWBANKS LOW TRAFALGAR TFG MORLEY MOY MEDONTE MEDONTE MDT LOVERING LVR ATHERLY ATY MELBOURNE MELBOURNE MEL EKFRID EKF STRATHBURN SBN MINESING MINESING MSG NEWBURGH NEWBURGH NWG PICADILLY PAY HINCHINBROOKE HHO NEWCASTLE NEWCASTLE NWC MATSON MTS NORHAM NORHAM NHM CODRINGTON CGT PETHERWICK PWK ONTARIO ONTARIO OTI NIAGARA NGR WELLAND WLL PERCY PERCY PCY TRENT TRT FOXBORO FXB PIPERVILLE PIPERVILLE PPV OSGOODE OGO RENFREW RENFREW RFW RIDEAU RDU 13 DRAINAGE Map Page # Poor 46 Well 27 Imperfect Poor Well Well 44 Imperfect 34 Poor Very Poor Well 50 Imperfect Poor Well 30 Imperfect Poor Poor 57 Well Imperfect Poor Well 55 Imperfect Well 59 Imperfect Poor Mod. Well 28 Imperfect Poor Well 53 Imperfect Poor Imperfect 68 Poor Well 70 Imperfect Parent Material Class Lacustrine or Marine (Cont'd) Parent Material Texture Clayey Clayey Clayey Loamy Clayey Clayey Sandy, Gravelly Sandy Sandy Sandy Clayey Sandy Loamy Line # 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 CATENA NAME SERIES NAME RENFREW ST ROSALIE SAUGEEN SAUGEEN ELDERSLIE CHESLEY FERNDALE SCHOMBERG SCHOMBERG SMITHFIELD SIMCOE SEELYES' BAY SEELYES' BAY BATTERSEA MOSCOW SMITHVILLE SMITHVILLE HALDIMAND LINCOLN SOUTH BAY SOUTH BAY ELMBROOK SIDNEY SPRINGVALE SPRINGVALE UPLANDS UPLANDS RUBICON ST SAMUEL WATERLOO WATERLOO HEIDELBERG WATTFORD WATTFORD NORMANDALE ST WILLIAMS CHURCHVILLE WENDOVER WENDOVER BEARBROOK WINONA WINONA WOOLER WOOLER MURRAY STOCKDALE 14 SOIL CODE STA SGE EDS CLY FRD SMG SMF SMC SYB BTR MCW SHV HIM LIC SHY EOK SlY SRI UPD RUB SSM WTO HIG WAT NDE SLI CHV WDV BBO WIO WOO MUY SKD DRAINAGE Map Page # Poor 70 Well 43 Imperfect Poor Poor Well 45 Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect Poor Mod. Well 20 Imperfect Poor Well 47 Imperfect Poor Well Rapid 65 Imperfect Poor Well 43 Imperfect Well 22 Imperfect Poor Very Poor Imperfect 64 Poor Imperfect Well 59 Imperfect Poor Parent Material Class Parent Material Texture 40 - 100 cm of Loamy over Clayey Contrasting Sediments over Lacustrine or Marine Sandy over Sandy, Gravelly Sandy over Clayey Fluvial Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Gravelly Sandy Gravelly Sandy Gravelly Sandy Sandy, Gravelly Sandy, Gravelly Sandy, Gravelly Sandy, Gravelly Sandy, Gravelly Gravelly Gravelly Sandy Line # CATENA NAME 201 CASTOR SERIES NAME CASTOR SOIL CODE DRAINAGE Map Page # CST Imperfect 202 BAINSVILLE BIV Poor 203 MARIONVILLE MIV Poor KTY HHG MKK MOK MUA ALL BCF BNK WYD GNY BGH TUH GNY BCO BUF BSB GFD CLB DYK ETP FNT HRW KRS LSB PYO SGT GIY SSW STR SHO LAC Well Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect Poor Well Well Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect Poor Well Well Imperfect Poor Well Rapid Well Well Well Well Well Well Well Imperfect Well Rapid Well Imperfect 204 205 206 207 203 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 KINTYRE KINTYRE HIGHGATE MUIRKIRK MANOTICK MANOTICK MOUNTAIN ALLENDALE BANCROFT BANCROFT BOLINGBROKE BOLINGBROKE WAYSIDE GRANBY BRIGHTON BRIGHTON TECUMSETH GRANBY BRINCO BRINCO BURFORD BURFORD BRISBANE GILFORD COLBORNE COLBORNE DONNYBROOK DONNYBROOK EASTPORT EASTPORT FONTHILL FONTHILL HARROW HARROW KARS KARS LISBON LISBON PONTYPOOL PONTYPOOL SARGENT SARGENT GWILLIMBURY SHASHAWANDA SHASHAWANDA ST PETERS ST PETERS ST THOMAS ST THOMAS ACHIGAN 15 67 30 68 - 44 48 58 50 34 33 69 58 40 69 Parent Material Class Parent Material Texture Fluvial (Cont'd) Sandy Sandy with some Coarse Fragments Sandy with some Coarse Fragments Sandy with some Coarse Fragments Gravelly, Sandy Gravelly, Sandy Gravelly 40-100 cm of Contrasting Sediments over Fluvial Sandy over Gravely Sandy over Sandy, Gravelly Loamy over Gravely, Sandy Loamy over Gravely, Sandy Eolian Sandy Sandy Lithic Loamy over Bedrock Sandy over Bedrock Sandy over Bedrock Variable over bedrock Loamy over Bedrock Line # CATENA NAME 235 ST THOMAS SERIES NAME CHENEY SOIL CODE DRAINAGE Map Page # CEY Poor 69 TIOGA TIG Well ALLISTON GRANBY WENDIGO MALLARD ALT GNY WDG MLR Imperfect Poor Rapid Imperfect WESTMEATH WESTMEATH WMH Well 242 243 244 245 WHITE LAKE WYEVALE KENABEEK WHITE LAKE WYEVALE HENDRIE KEK WHK WVL HDI Poor Rapid Well Imperfect 71 - 246 CALEDON CALEDON CAD Well 52 CAMILLA AYR COLBORNE BAMFORD SHEDDEN MIDDLEMARCH ST JACOBS FLORADALE TEESWATER FANSHAWE BALLYMOTE BRIDGMAN PLAINFIELD WALSINGHAM WATERIN AMELIASBURG GEROW ATHOL BELMONT BREYPEN BROCKPORT COOKSVILLE CML AYR CLB BMF SDD MDM SJB FAD TEW FAN BLL BGM PFD WAM WRN AUG GOW ATH BMT BPN BKP CKV Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect Well Imperfect Well Imperfect Well Imperfect Poor Well Rapid Imperfect Poor Well Poor Imperfect Well Poor Well Imperfect 236 237 238 239 240 241 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 TIOGA WENDIGO COLBORNE SHEDDEN ST JACOBS TEESWATER BRIDGMAN PLAINFIELD AMELIASBURG ATHOL BELMONT BREYPEN BROCKPORT 16 41 55 - 58 33 60 56 61 20 49 41 32 Parent Material Class Lithic (Cont'd) Parent Material Texture Loamy over Bedrock Loamy over Bedrock Sandy over Bedrock Sandy over Bedrock Variable with coarse fragments over bedrock Sandy over Bedrock Loamy over Bedrock Sandy over Bedrock Variable with coarse fragments over bedrock Organic Alluvium Sandy over Bedrock Sandy over Bedrock Organic Organic Organic Organic Organic Organic Organic Organic VARIABLE VARIABLE VARIABLE Line # 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 CATENA NAME SERIES NAME MISSISSAUGA BURNBRAE BURNBRAE CHANDOS CHANDOS ELMSLEY ELMSLEY FARMINGTON FARMINGTON FRANKTOWN BROOKE GALWAY GALWAY ST CROIX HILLER HILLER GEROW METHUEN METHUEN NEPEAN NEPEAN FALLOW FIELD BARRHAVEN TWEED TWEED WHITFIELD WHITFIELD HAMPDEN HAMPDEN LONSDALE LONSDALE LORRAINE LORRAINE OAKVIEW OAKVIEW PORT COLBORNE PORT COLBORNE SHERKSTON SHERKSTON STYX STYX WAINFLEET WAINFLEET BOOMER BOOMER DONALD HAWKESVILLE GRAND GRAND MACTON ELMIRA KIRKLAND KIRKLAND HAYSVILLE HESPELER 17 SOIL CODE MSP BNB CHD ESY FRM FKW BOK GWY SCX HIL GOW MHU NPE FWF BVE TWE WTF HMP LDL LRR OVW PCE SRK SYX WAF BOM DOD HWV GRD MCT EMI KKD HYV HSP DRAINAGE Map Page # Poor Well Well Well Well 63 Imperfect Poor Imperfect Poor Well 56 Poor Rapid Well Imperfect Poor Rapid 66 Well Very Poor 35 Very Poor Very Poor Very Poor Very Poor Very Poor Very Poor 35 Very Poor Well Imperfect Poor Well 61 Imperfect Poor Well Imperfect Poor 5.1 Maps of the Lake Erie Lowland Ecoregion Soil catenae: Bennington * Binbrook Blackwell Bookton* Brant* Brantford* Brockport Bryanston Cashel* Caistor Clyde Eastport Fox* Hampden Harrow Honeywood* Grimsby Kintyre Lambton Lowbanks Melbourne Muriel Oneida* Ontario Plainfield* Scotland Seneca Shedden Smithville* Styx Walsher Wattford Wilsonville Woburn* * denotes soil catenae also found in other ecoregions. 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 5.2 Maps of Manitoulin - Lake Simcoe Ecoregion Soil catenae: Athol Breypen Brighton* Bondhead* Bridgman Burford* Caledon* Cramahe Colborne Darlington* Deloro Donnybrook Dumfries* Dunedin Dundonald Gananoque* Grand Guelph* Harkaway Harriston Hillier Hillsburgh Huron* King* Lisbon Lockport* Mannheim Medonte Minesing Newcastle Norham Otonabee Percy Pontypool * St. Jacobs Sargent Saugeen Schomberg* Seeleys Bay* South Bay Teeswater* Tioga Vasey Vincent Waterloo Waupoos Wendigo Wooler Woolwich * denotes soil catena also found in other ecoregions. 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 5.3 Maps of the St. Lawrence Lowlands Ecoregion Soil catenae: Almonte Kars St.Thomas Wolford Carp* Manotick Tennyson Castor Monteagle* Tweed Dalhousie Piperville Uplands * denotes soil catena also found in other ecoregions. 62 Farmington* Renfrew Wendover Grenville* Rideau White Lake* 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 5.4 Maps of Frontenac Axis Ecoregion Soil catenae: (no maps) Carp* Farmington* Gananoque* Monteagle* * denotes soil catena also found in other ecoregions. 73 Seeleys Bay* White Lake* 6 Index of Catena Names Catena Name ALMONTE AMELIASBURG ANCASTER APPLETON ATHOL BALMER BANCROFT BELMONT BENNINGTON BINBROOK BLACKWELL BOLINGBROKE BONDHEAD BOOKTON BOOMER BRANT BRANTFORD BREYPEN BRIDGMAN BRIGHTON BRINCO BROCKPORT BRYANSTON BURFORD BURNBRAE BURNSTOWN CAISTOR CALEDON CARP CASHEL CASTOR CHANDOS CHRISTY CLYDE COLBORNE DALHOUSIE DARLINGTON DELORO DONNYBROOK DUMFRIES DUNDONALD DUNEDIN EASTPORT EGANVILLE Catena Code Map Page # Line # AMO 71 111 AUG 262 ACE 1 APP 113 ATH 49 264 BMR 2 BCF 210 BMT 265 BNG 23 79 BNO 27 82 BCW 28 114 BNK 211 BDH 38 3 BOO 23 83 BOM 294 BRT 21 115 BFO 19 118 BPN 41 266 BGM 61 258 BGH 44 214 BCO 217 BKP 32 267 BBY 26 6 BUF 48 218 BNB 270 BTW 9 CTR 25 10 CAD 52 246 CRP 64 121 CSH 24 86 CST 67 201 CHD 271 CIY 11 CYD 25 124 CLB 58 221 DHU 66 125 DGT 52 12 DLO 40 15 DYK 50 222 DUF 39 19 DUL 48 89 DUD 51 22 ETP 34 223 EGV 24 Catena Name ELMSLEY FARMINGTON FONTHILL FOX FREEPORT GALWAY GANANOQUE NAPANEE GRAND GRENVILLE GRIMSBY GUELPH HAMPDEN HARKAWAY HARRISTON HARROW HILLER HILLSBURGH HONEYWOOD HURON KARS KING KINTYRE KIRKLAND LAMBTON LEITH LISBON LOCKPORT LONSDALE LORRAINE LOWBANKS MANNHEIM MANOTICK MEDONTE MELBOURNE METHUEN MINESING MONTEAGLE MURIEL NEPEAN NEWBURGH NEWCASTLE NORHAM OAKVIEW ONEIDA 74 Catena Code Map Page # Line # ESY 272 FRM 63 273 FNT 224 FOX 22 128 FEP 92 GWY 276 GQU 46 132 NPE 46 134 GRD 61 297 GVI 63 26 GMY 27 135 GUP 42 29 HMP 35 286 HKY 45 32 HRR 39 35 HRW 33 225 HIL 56 278 HLH 49 94 HYW 24 95 HUO 38 38 KRS 69 226 KIG 54 42 KTY 30 204 KKD 300 LMB 29 98 LTH 138 LSB 58 227 LKP 44 139 LDL 287 LRR 288 TFG 34 140 MNM 60 99 MOK 68 207 MDT 50 143 MEL 30 146 MHU 280 MSG 57 149 MGL 45 MUI 21 47 NPE 281 NWG 150 NWC 55 153 NHM 59 155 OVW 289 OID 19 50 Catena Name ONTARIO OSPREY OTONABEE PERCY PIPERVILLE PLAINFIELD PONTYPOOL PORT COLBORNE RENFREW SARGENT SAUGEEN SCHOMBERG SCOTLAND SEELYES BAY SENECA SHASHAWANDA SHEDDEN SHERKSTON SMITHVILLE SOUTH BAY SPRING VALE ST CLEMENTS ST JACOBS ST PETERS ST THOMAS STYX TEESWATER TENNYSON TIOGA TWEED UPLANDS VARS VASEY VINCENT WAINFLEET WALSHER WATERLOO WATTFORD WAUPOOS WENDIGO WENDOVER WHITE LAKE WHITFIELD WILSONVILLE Catena Code OTI OPY OBE PCY PPV PFD PYO PCE RFW SGT SGE SMG STD SYB SNA SSW SDD SRK SHV SHY SRI SCM SJB STR SHO SYX TEW TNY TIG TWE UPD VRS VSY VCT WAF WSH WTO WAT WPO WDG WDV WHK WTF WIL Map Page # Line # 28 158 53 42 55 53 161 68 164 20 259 40 228 290 70 43 45 31 36 33 20 47 60 69 35 56 70 41 66 65 72 46 47 29 43 22 53 55 64 71 31 Catena Name WINONA WOBURN WOLFORD WOOLER WOOLWICH WYEVALE 166 229 169 173 100 176 59 231 251 291 179 182 185 60 253 232 233 292 255 62 236 284 186 65 66 69 293 102 189 191 105 239 195 243 285 72 75 Catena Code WIO WBU WFD WOO WOW WVL Map Page # Line # 197 26 73 67 76 59 198 54 108 244 7 Index of Series Name Soil Name Soil Code CatenaMap Page# Line # Soil Name Soil Code Catena Map Page# Line # ACHIGAN ALLENDALE ALLISTON ALMONTE AMELIASBURG ANCASTER APPLETON ATHERLY ATHOL AYR BAINSVILLE BALDERSON BALLYMOTE BALMER BAMFORD BANCROFT BARRHAVEN BATTERSEA BEARBROOK BELMEADE BELMONT BENNINGTON BERRIEN BEVERLY BINBROOK BLACKWELL BOLINGBROKE BONDHEAD BOOKTON BOOMER BRADY BRANDON BRANT BRANTFORD BREYPEN BRIDGMAN BRIGHTON BRINCO BRISBANE BROCKPORT BROOKE BROOKSTON LAC ALL ALT AMO AUG ACE APP ATY ATH AYR BIV BDS BLL BMR BMF BCF BVE BTR BBO BMD BMT BNG BRR BVY BNO BCW BNK BDH BOO BOM BAY BDO BRT BFO BPN BGM BGH BCO BSB BKP BOK BKN BKN BKN BBY BUF BNB BTW CTR CAD CML CRP CSH CST CHD CEY CLY CGU CIY CHV CYD CGT CLB CWO CTG CKV CGH CMB DHU DGT DLO DOD DYK DKG DUF DMM DUL DUD ETP EDV EGV EKF EDS SHO MOK TIG AMO AUG ACE APP MDT ATH CAD CST TNY TEW BMR CLB BCF NPE SYB WDV CRP BMT BNG BOO BFO BNO BCW BNK BDH BOO BOM FOX DHU BRT BFO BPN BGM BGH BCO BUF BKP FRM HUO 69 68 41 71 50 49 52 67 70 56 58 64 64 23 23 19 27 28 38 23 22 66 21 19 41 61 44 48 32 63 38 234 209 237 111 262 1 113 145 264 248 202 63 257 2 250 210 283 177 196 123 265 79 84 119 82 114 211 3 83 294 130 126 115 118 266 258 214 217 219 267 275 40 BROOKSTON BROOKSTON BRYANSTON BURFORD BURNBRAE BURNSTOWN CAISTOR CALEDON CAMILLA CARP CASHEL CASTOR CHANDOS CHENEY CHESLEY CHINGUACOUSY CHRISTY CHURCHVILLE CLYDE CODRINGTON COLBORNE COLWOOD CONESTOGO COOKSVILLE CRAIG LEITH CROMBIE DALHOUSIE DARLINGTON DELORO DONALD DONNYBROOK DORKING DUMFRIES DUMMER DUNDONALD DUNEDIN EASTPORT EDENVALE EGANVILLE EKFRID ELDERSLIE 76 KIG VCT BBY BUF BNB BTW CTR CAD CAD CRP CSH CST CHD CEY SGE OID CIY WAT CYD NHM CLB BRT WOW BKP DUD HYW DHU DGT DLO BOM DYK HUO DUF DLO DUL DUD ETP DUL EGV MEL SGE 54 47 26 48 25 52 52 64 67 67 69 43 19 22 25 59 58 21 54 32 51 24 66 52 40 50 38 39 40 48 51 34 48 30 43 44 71 6 218 270 9 10 246 247 121 86 201 271 235 171 51 11 194 124 156 221 117 109 268 23 97 125 12 15 295 222 41 19 16 89 22 223 90 24 147 170 Soil Name Soil Code Catena ELDORADO ELMBROOK ELMIRA ELMSLEY EMBRO EMILY FALLOWFIELD FANSHAWE FARMINGTON FERNDALE FLAMBOROUGH FLORADALE FONTHILL FOX FOXBORO FRANKTOWN FREEPORT GALWAY GANANOQUE GEROW GEROW GILFORD GOBLES GOODSTOWN GRANBY GRANBY GRANBY GRANBY GRAND GRENVILLE GRIMSBY GUELPH GUERIN GWILLIMBURY HALDIMAND HAMPDEN HARKAWAY HARNEY HARRISTON HARROW HAWKESVILLE HAYSVILLE HEIDELBERG HENDRIE EDO EOK EMI ESY EBR EMY FWF FAN FRM FRD FMB FAD FNT FOX FXB FKW FEP GWY GQU GOW GOW GFD GOB GDT GNY GNY GNY GNY GRD GVI GMY GUP GUR GIY HIM HMP HKY HEY HRR HRW HWV HYV HIG HDI OBE SHY GRD ESY HYW OBE NPE TEW FRM SGE GMY SJB FNT FOX PCY FRM FEP GWY GQU AUG HIL BUF MUI DHU FOX BNK BGH TIG GRD GVI GMY GUP BDH SGT SHV HMP HKY DLO HRR HRW BOM KKD WTO WVL Map Line # Page # 42 56 47 183 61 299 272 24 96 42 57 282 56 256 63 273 172 27 137 60 254 224 22 128 53 163 63 274 92 276 46 132 263 56 279 48 220 21 48 66 127 22 131 213 44 216 41 238 61 297 63 26 27 135 42 29 38 4 230 20 180 35 286 45 32 40 18 39 35 33 225 296 301 43 190 245 Soil Name Soil Code Catena HESPELER HIGHGATE HILLER HILLSBURGH HINCHINBROOKE HONEYWOOD HOWLAND HURON INNISVILLE JEDDO KARS KELVIN KEMBLE KENABEEK KILLEAN KING KINTYRE KIRKLAND KOSSUTH LAMBTON LANSDOWNE LEITH LILY LILY LINCOLN LINDSAY LISBON LISTOWEL LOCKPORT LONDON LONSDALE LORRAINE LOVERING LOWBANKS LYONS LYONS LYONS LYONS LYONS LYONS MACTON MALLARD MALTON MANNHEIM HSP HHG HIL HLH HHO HYW HWD HUO INV JDD KRS KVN KMB KEK KIL KIG KTY KKD KSU LMB LDW LTH LIY LIY LIC LSY LSB LTW LKP LOD LDL LRR LVR LOW LYS LYS LYS LYS LYS LYS MCT MLR MAT MNM 77 KKD KTY HIL HLH NWG HYW VSY HUO TNY OID KRS MUI VCT WMH DUF KIG KTY KKD FEP LMB GQU LTH DUF OPY SHV WPO LSB HRR LKP GUP LDL LRR MDT LOW BDH DGT GVI OBE VSY WBU GRD WDG CSH MNM Map Line # Page # 302 30 205 56 278 49 94 152 24 95 46 67 38 38 70 64 19 52 69 226 21 49 47 70 241 39 20 54 42 30 204 300 93 29 98 46 133 138 39 21 54 20 181 53 107 58 227 39 36 44 139 42 30 287 288 50 144 34 140 38 5 52 14 63 28 42 58 46 68 26 75 61 298 55 240 24 88 60 99 Soil Name Soil Code Catena MANOTICK MAPLEWOOD MARIONVILLE MARYHILL MATILDA MATSON MOK MPW MIV MYL MTD MTS MOK BNG CST WOW GVI NWC MEDONTE MELBOURNE METHUEN MIDDLEMARCH MILL MILLIKEN MINESING MISSISSAUGA MONAGHAN MONTEAGLE MORLEY MORRISBURG MOSCOW MOUNTAIN MUIRKIRK MURIEL MURRAY NAPANEE NEPEAN NEWBURGH NEWCASTLE NIAGARA NISSOURI NORHAM NORMANDALE NORTH GOWER OAKLAND OAKVIEW ONEIDA ONTARIO OSGOODE OSNABRUCK OSPREY OTONABEE PARKHILL PARKHILL PARKHILL PEEL PERCY PERTH MDT MEL MHU MDM MIL MLE MSG MSP MOG MGL MOY MBG MCW MUA MKK MUI MUY NPE NPE NWG NWC NGR NIS NHM NDE NGW OKL OVW OID OTI OGO OBK OPY OBE PLL PLL PLL PEL PCY PTH MDT MEL MHU SDD DUL WBU MSG MSP KIG MGL TFG WFD SYB MOK KTY MUI WOO GQU NPE NWG NWC OTI BBY NHM WAT CRP STD OVW OID OTI PPV WFD OPY OBE GUP HKY HRR CSH PC? HUO Map Line # Page # 68 207 23 81 67 203 54 110 63 27 55 154 50 30 33 48 26 57 54 34 67 68 30 21 59 46 55 28 26 59 22 64 31 19 28 68 67 42 42 45 39 24 53 38 143 146 280 252 91 74 149 269 43 45 142 77 178 208 206 47 199 134 281 150 153 159 8 155 192 122 101 289 50 158 165 78 53 55 31 34 37 87 161 39 Soil Name Soil Code Catena PETHERWICK PICADILLY PIPERVILLE PLAINFIELD PONTYPOOL PORT COLBORNE RENFREW RIDEAU ROCKCROFT RUBICON SARGENT SAUGEEN SCHOMBERG SCOTLAND SEELEYS BAY SENECA SHASHAWANDA SHEDDEN SHERKSTON SIDNEY SILVER HILL SIMCOE SMITHFIELD SMITHVILLE SNEDDEN SOLMESVILLE SOUTH BAY SPRINGVALE ST CLEMENTS ST CROIX ST JACOBS ST PETERS ST ROSALIE ST SAMUEL ST THOMAS ST WILLIAMS STAFFORD STOCKDALE STRATHBURN STYX SULLIVAN TAVISTOCK TECUMSETH TEESWATER TENNYSON THORNDALE PWK PAY PPV PFD PYO PCE NHM NWG PPV PFD PYO PCE RFW RDU RKF RUB SGT SGE SMG STD SYB SNA SSW SDD SRK SIY SIH SMC SMF SHV SND SMV SHY SRI SCM SCX SJB STR STA SSM SHO SLI SFD SKD SBN SYX SVN TVK TUH TEW TN? THN RFW RFW DLO UPD SGT SGE SMG STD SYB SNA SSW SDD SRK SHY WSH SMG SMG SHV AMO WPO SHY SRI SCM GWY SJB STR RFW UPD SHO WAT EGV WOO MEL SYX FOX BNG BGH TEW TNY BBY 78 Map Line # Page # 59 157 151 68 164 20 259 40 228 290 70 70 40 65 43 45 31 36 33 47 29 45 45 20 71 53 47 60 70 65 69 22 59 30 35 22 23 44 56 70 26 166 167 17 187 229 169 173 100 176 59 231 251 291 184 104 175 174 179 112 106 182 185 60 277 253 232 168 188 233 193 25 200 148 292 129 80 215 255 62 7 Soil Name Soil Code Catena TIOGA TOLEDO TRAFALGAR TRENT TUSCOLA TWEED UPLANDS VARS VASEY VINCENT VINELAND VITTORIA WAINFLEET WALSHER WALSINGHAM WATERIN WATERLOO WATTFORD WAUPOOS WAUSEON WAYSIDE WELLAND WELLESLEY WEMYSS WENDIGO WENDOVER WESTMEATH WHITBY WHITE LAKE WHITFIELD WIARTON WILSONVILLE WINONA WOBURN WOLFORD WOOLER WOOLWICH WYEVALE TIG TLD TFG TRT TUC TWE UPD VRS VSY VCT VLD VIT WAF WSH WAM WRN WTO WAT WPO WUS WYD WLL WEY WYS WDG WDV WMH WBY WHK WTF WIT WIL WIO WBU WFD WOO WOW WVL TIG BFO LOW PCY BRT TWE UPD VRS VSY VCT GMY WSH WAF WSH PFD PFD WTO WAT WPO BOO BNK OTI SCM MGL WDG WDV WMH DGT WHK WTF HKY WIL WIO WBU WFD WOO WOW WVL Map Page Line # # 41 236 19 120 34 141 53 162 21 116 66 284 65 186 72 65 46 66 47 69 27 136 29 103 293 29 102 20 260 20 261 43 189 22 191 53 105 23 85 212 28 160 61 46 55 239 64 195 242 52 13 71 243 285 45 33 31 72 197 26 73 67 76 59 198 54 108 244 79 8. References Cressman, D. 1996. Assessing the State of Agricultural Resources: Improving the Land Resource Database in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo Soil Information Upgrade. COESA Rep. No. RES/MON-011/96. Pest Management Research Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario. Expert Committee on Soil Survey. 1987. The Canadian System of Soil Classification. 2nd ed. Agric. Can. Publ. 1646. 164 pp. Hoffman D.W., B.C. Mathews and R.E. Wicklund. 1964. Soil Associations of Southern Ontario. Rept. 30 of the Ontario Soil Survey. 21 pp. 1 Map. Jarvis, I.E., K.B. MacDonald, F. Wang, and K. Denholm. 1996. Ontario Soil Landscape Attribute Project, Working Paper. 220pg. Ontario Land Resource Unit, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Ontario. Monette, B. and K.B. MacDonald. 1992. Standards of Accuracy for Digital Soil Resource Data Stored in the National Soils Data Base. In Proc. of The Canadian Conference on GIS, 1992. Energy Mines and Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. pp 282-288 United States Department of Agriculture. 1991. State Soil Geographic Data Base (STATSGO) - Data User's Guide. Misc. Pub. No. 1492. USDA-Soil Conservation Service, Washington, D.C. 88pp. 80
