Download GPIB-410 User Manual - National Instruments

GPIB-410
User Manual
March 1994 Edition
Part Number 320053-01
© Copyright 1986,1994 National Instruments Corporation.
All Rights Reserved.
National Instruments Corporate Headquarters
6504 Bridge Point Parkway
Austin, TX 78730-5039
(512) 794-0100
Technical support fax: (800) 328-2203
(512) 794-5678
Branch Offices:
Australia (03) 879 9422, Austria (0662) 435986, Belgium 02/757.00.20,
Canada (Ontario) (519) 622-9310, Canada (Québec) (514) 694-8521,
Denmark 45 76 26 00, Finland (90) 527 2321, France (1) 48 14 24 24,
Germany 089/741 31 30, Italy 02/48301892, Japan (03) 3788-1921,
Mexico 95 800 010 0793, Netherlands 03480-33466, Norway 32-84 84 00,
Singapore 2265886, Spain (91) 640 0085, Sweden 08-730 49 70,
Switzerland 056/20 51 51, Taiwan 02 377 1200, U.K. 0635 523545
Limited Warranty
The GPIB-410 is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship
for a period of two years from the date of shipment, as evidenced by
receipts or other documentation. National Instruments will, at its option,
repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the warranty
period. This warranty includes parts and labor.
The media on which you receive National Instruments software are
warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions, due to defects in
materials and workmanship, for a period of 90 days from date of shipment,
as evidenced by receipts or other documentation. National Instruments will,
at its option, repair or replace software media that do not execute
programming instructions if National Instruments receives notice of such
defects during the warranty period. National Instruments does not warrant
that the operation of the software shall be uninterrupted or error free.
A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained from the
factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before any
equipment will be accepted for warranty work. National Instruments will
pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are covered by
warranty.
National Instruments believes that the information in this manual is
accurate. The document has been carefully reviewed for technical accuracy.
In the event that technical or typographical errors exist, National
Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent editions of
this document without prior notice to holders of this edition. The reader
should consult National Instruments if errors are suspected. In no event
shall National Instruments be liable for any damages arising out of or
related to this document or the information contained in it.
EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED HEREIN, NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS MAKES NO
WARRANTIES , EXPRESS OR IMPLIED , AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS
ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. CUSTOMER ’S RIGHT TO RECOVER DAMAGES
CAUSED BY FAULT OR NEGLIGENCE ON THE PART OF NATIONAL
INSTRUMENTS SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT THERETOFORE
PAID BY THE CUSTOMER . N ATIONAL INSTRUMENTS WILL NOT BE
LIABLE FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOSS OF DATA , PROFITS,
USE OF PRODUCTS, OR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ,
EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. This limitation of the
liability of National Instruments will apply regardless of the form of action,
whether in contract or tort, including negligence. Any action against
National Instruments must be brought within one year after the cause of
action accrues. National Instruments shall not be liable for any delay in
performance due to causes beyond its reasonable control. The warranty
provided herein does not cover damages, defects, malfunctions, or service
failures caused by owner’s failure to follow the National Instruments
installation, operation, or maintenance instructions; owner’s modification of
the product; owner’s abuse, misuse, or negligent acts; and power failure or
surges, fire, flood, accident, actions of third parties, or other events outside
reasonable control.
Copyright
Under the copyright laws, this publication may not be reproduced or
transmitted in any form, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
recording, storing in an information retrieval system, or translating, in
whole or in part, without the prior written consent of National Instruments
Corporation.
Trademarks
Product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their
respective companies.
WARNING REGARDING MEDICAL AND
CLINICAL USE OF
NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS
National Instruments products are not designed with components and testing
intended to ensure a level of reliability suitable for use in treatment and
diagnosis of humans. Applications of National Instruments products
involving medical or clinical treatment can create a potential for accidental
injury caused by product failure, or by errors on the part of the user or
application designer. Any use or application of National Instruments
products for or involving medical or clinical treatment must be performed by
properly trained and qualified medical personnel, and all traditional medical
safeguards, equipment, and procedures that are appropriate in the particular
situation to prevent serious injury or death should always continue to be
used when National Instruments products are being used. National
Instruments products are NOT intended to be a substitute for any form of
established process, procedure, or equipment used to monitor or safeguard
human health and safety in medical or clinical treatment.
Contents
About This Manual .......................................................................... xi
Organization of This Manual...................................................... xi
Conventions Used in This Manual ............................................. xiii
Abbreviations ............................................................... xiv
Acronyms ..................................................................... xiv
Related Document ......................................................................xv
Customer Communication .......................................................... xv
Chapter 1
Introduction......................................................................................... 1-1
What Your Kit Contains............................................................. 1-2
Optional Equipment....................................................................1-3
Unpacking Your GPIB-410 ........................................................1-3
Hardware Specifications............................................................. 1-4
Software Specifications ..............................................................1-4
Chapter 2
Hardware and Software Installation ........................................ 2-1
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
–
–
–
–
Configure the Hardware ........................................... 2-1
Install the Hardware ................................................. 2-2
Review the Files on the Distribution Diskette ..........2-4
Run the Hardware Diagnostics................................. 2-5
Chapter 3
Software Overview ........................................................................... 3-1
The Monitor Window ................................................................. 3-3
The Analyzer Window ............................................................... 3-4
Screens of the Analyzer Window ............................................... 3-5
Capture Settings Screen ............................................... 3-5
Trigger Specification Screen ........................................ 3-6
Capture Display Screen ................................................3-6
Pattern Generator Screen..............................................3-6
Configuration Settings Screen ..................................... 3-6
Help Utility Screen....................................................... 3-7
Program Exit Screen..................................................... 3-7
Operational Modes and Functions ..............................................3-8
<Alt-C> Capture........................................................... 3-8
<Alt-E> Capture Echo ................................................. 3-8
© National Instruments Corp.
v
GPIB-410 User Manual
Contents
<Alt-R> Recapture....................................................... 3-9
<Alt-T> Trigger ........................................................... 3-9
<Alt-G> Generate......................................................... 3-9
<Alt-M> Monitor Input................................................3-9
<Alt-A> Acceptor Handshaker .................................... 3-10
<Alt-S> Source Handshaker......................................... 3-10
<Alt-D> DOS Shell...................................................... 3-10
<Alt-I> DOS Shell + Icon ............................................3-10
General Input Conventions......................................................... 3-11
Direct Input Fields ....................................................... 3-12
Option Ring Fields ....................................................... 3-13
Key Select Fields ......................................................... 3-13
Chapter 4
Software Reference........................................................................... 4-1
The Monitor Window ................................................................. 4-1
Data Line Input (Character) ......................................... 4-3
Data Line Input (Hexadecimal).................................... 4-3
Data and Control Line Input (Binary) ..........................4-3
The Capture Settings Screen....................................................... 4-4
Capture Stimulus .......................................................... 4-5
Participate in Handshake ..............................................4-7
Buffer Setup: Maximum Capacity ..............................4-7
Buffer Setup: Action When Buffer Full ...................... 4-7
Buffer Setup: Auto-Write Each Pass........................... 4-8
File Setup: Buffer Range for <Alt-W> ....................... 4-8
File Setup: Capture File Name .................................... 4-9
The Trigger Specification Screen ............................................... 4-9
Data/Control Specification (Trigger Pattern)............... 4-12
Pattern Repetition Factor ............................................. 4-12
Pulse Output Port ......................................................... 4-12
Trigger Action ..............................................................4-13
The Capture Display Screen....................................................... 4-14
Display Window Layout ..............................................4-15
Using the Display Window ..........................................4-18
Using the Search Utility ............................................... 4-19
The Pattern Generator Screen..................................................... 4-20
No. of Times to Execute............................................... 4-22
Clear Switches When Done ......................................... 4-22
Send EOI with Last Byte ............................................. 4-22
Pattern Buffer Source................................................... 4-23
The Configuration Settings Screen............................................. 4-25
Computer Display Mode ..............................................4-26
GPIB-410 User Manual
vi
© National Instruments Corp.
Contents
Computer Keyboard Mode........................................... 4-27
Computer Speaker Mode ............................................. 4-28
Base I/O Address ......................................................... 4-28
Input DMA Channel..................................................... 4-28
Output DMA Channel ..................................................4-29
Interrupt Jumper Setting............................................... 4-30
Status Refresh Rate ...................................................... 4-30
Acceptor Handshake Rate ............................................4-31
Source Handshake Rate ............................................... 4-31
Help File Name ............................................................4-32
Program Exit Screen................................................................... 4-32
Save Current Configuration Before Exiting?............... 4-33
Appendix A
Tutorial ................................................................................................. A-1
Example 1 – Capturing Data From the GPIB......................... A-1
Example 2 – Triggering and Pattern Generating .................... A-7
Appendix B
Multiline Interface Messages ....................................................... B-1
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration ................................... C-1
Hardware – Revision B.2 or Higher........................................ C-1
Base I/O Address Configuration ..................................C-2
DMA Channel Configuration....................................... C-5
Interrupt Selection ........................................................C-8
Hardware – Revision C ........................................................... C-10
Base I/O Address Configuration .................................. C-11
DMA Channel Configuration....................................... C-13
Interrupt Selection ........................................................ C-16
Software Configuration ..............................................................C-18
Appendix D
Common Problems ........................................................................... D-1
Appendix E
Using the Pattern Generator ........................................................E-1
The Command File Method........................................................E-1
IBPGL Command Descriptions ................................... E-2
IBPGL Tips and Techniques ........................................ E-6
© National Instruments Corp.
vii
GPIB-410 User Manual
Contents
The Input Window Method ........................................................E-7
Appendix F
GPIB410.PAT Source Listing ...................................................... F-1
Appendix G
Saving and Viewing Capture Information on Disk............. G-1
Appendix H
Differences between Software Revisions ................................. H-1
Important Differences................................................................. H-1
Feature Highlights ......................................................................H-2
Appendix I
Customer Communication ............................................................I-1
Index ................................................................................................ Index-1
Figures
Figure 1-1.
GPIB-410 Interface Board................................................. 1-1
Figure 2-2.
BNC I/O Panel and Cables Connected to the GPIB-410
Interface Board Installed in an IBM Compatible
Computer ........................................................................... 2-4
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
3-1.
3-2.
3-3.
3-4.
3-5.
3-6.
Monitor/Analyzer Main Menu Screen............................... 3-1
Monitor Window ............................................................... 3-2
Analyzer Window ..............................................................3-2
GPIB Status Indicators....................................................... 3-3
Format of the Analyzer Window ....................................... 3-4
DOS Shell with GPIB-410 Icon......................................... 3-11
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
4-1.
4-2.
4-3.
4-4.
4-5.
4-6.
4-7.
4-8.
Monitor Window at the Top of the Screen ........................4-1
Capture Settings Screen..................................................... 4-4
Trigger Specification Screen ............................................. 4-10
Capture Display Screen ..................................................... 4-14
Search Pattern Definition Window .................................... 4-19
Pattern Generator Screen ................................................... 4-20
Configuration Settings Screen ........................................... 4-25
Program Exit Screen .......................................................... 4-32
GPIB-410 User Manual
viii
© National Instruments Corp.
Contents
Figure A-1. Main Screen ....................................................................... A-2
Figure A-2. Capture Settings Screen..................................................... A-3
Figure A-3. Main Menu Screen with Monitor Input and Capturing
Enabled ..............................................................................A-4
Figure A-4. Capture Display Screen ..................................................... A-6
Figure A-5. Pattern Generator Screen ................................................... A-7
Figure A-6. Trigger Specification Screen ............................................. A-10
Figure A-7. Main Menu Screen with Trigger Enabled ......................... A-11
Figure A-8. Captured Data Including Trigger Point ............................. A-12
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
C-1. GPIB-410 Parts Locator Diagram (Rev. B.2 or Higher) ... C-2
C-2. Base I/O Address 300 Hex (Rev. B.2 or Higher) ..............C-4
C-3. Factory Default DMA Channel 1 (Rev. B.2 or Higher) ....C-6
C-4. DMA Channel Jumper Settings for DMA Channels 2
and 3 (Rev. B.2 or Higher)................................................. C-7
C-5. Factory Default IRQ Line 7 Selected (Rev. B.2 or
Higher)............................................................................... C-8
C-6. IRQ Lines 6 and 2 Selected (Rev. B.2 or Higher) ............. C-8
C-7. GPIB-410 Parts Locator Diagram (Rev. C)....................... C-10
C-8. Base I/O Address 300 Hex (Rev. C).................................. C-12
C-9. Factory Default DMA Channel 1 (Rev. C)........................C-14
C-10. DMA Channel 1 for Capturing and DMA Channel 3 for
Sourcing (Rev. C) .............................................................. C-15
C-11. DMA Channel 1 for Capturing and no DMA Channel for
Sourcing (Rev. C) .............................................................. C-15
C-12. Factory Default IRQ Line 7 Selected (Rev. C)..................C-16
C-13. IRQ Lines 6 and 2 Selected (Rev. C)................................. C-17
C-14. Configuration Settings Screen ........................................... C-18
Figure G-1. FMT410 Output Listing..................................................... G-3
Figure G-2. Abbreviated FMT410 Output Listing ................................G-5
Tables
Table C-1. DMA Channels for the GPIB-410 (Rev. B.2 or Higher)... C-5
Table C-2. DMA Channels for the GPIB-410 (Rev. C)....................... C-13
Table G-1. Run-Time Flags ................................................................. G-4
© National Instruments Corp.
ix
GPIB-410 User Manual
About This Manual
This manual contains the information you need to configure and install the
GPIB-410. It also contains a brief tutorial to get you started and a few
examples to show how the GPIB-410 operates.
This manual is applicable to:
•
Revision C of the GPIB-410 software
•
Revision B.2 or higher and Revision C of the GPIB-410 hardware
Refer to Appendix H for a description of the differences between software
revisions. Refer to Appendix C for a description of the differences between
hardware Revision B.2 or higher and Revision C.
Organization of This Manual
This manual is organized as follows:
•
Chapter 1, Introduction, contains a list of the kit contents and optional
equipment and the steps for unpacking your GPIB-410 interface board.
It also contains general information about the GPIB-410 and lists the
specifications of the hardware and software.
•
Chapter 2, Hardware and Software Installation, contains the steps for
installing your hardware and software.
•
Chapter 3, Software Overview, contains general information about the
GPIB-410 software, including an introduction to the two windows of
operation (monitor and analyzer). There is also an overview of the
menu screens and operational modes, and the input conventions used in
the software.
•
Chapter 4, Software Reference, contains reference material for the
GPIB-410 software. It contains information about the Monitor window
and the various screens of the Analyzer window, and their respective
input fields.
© National Instruments Corp.
xi
GPIB-410 User Manual
About This Manual
•
Appendix A, Tutorial, contains examples that guide you through
step-by-step demonstrations of some fundamental capabilities of the
GPIB-410.
•
Appendix B, Multiline Interface Messages, contains an interface
message reference list, which describes the mnemonics and messages
that correspond to the interface functions.
•
Appendix C, Hardware and Software Configuration, describes how to
reconfigure the GPIB-410 hardware and software.
•
Appendix D, Common Problems , contains possible causes for common
problems encountered when operating the GPIB-410.
•
Appendix E, Using the Pattern Generator, describes the Interface Bus
Pattern Generating Language (IBPGL) and syntax conventions for
data/command strings.
•
Appendix F, GPIB410.PAT Source Listing, contains a source listing of
the IBPGL example program, GPIB410.PAT.
•
Appendix G, Saving and Viewing Capture Information on Disk ,
describes saving and viewing capture buffers on disk. Also included is
a description of the FMT410 utility.
•
Appendix H, Differences Between Software Revisions, describes the
differences between major software revisions.
•
Appendix I, Customer Communication, contains forms for you to
complete to facilitate communication with National Instruments
concerning our products.
•
The Index contains an alphabetical list of key terms and topics used in this
manual, including the page where each one can be found.
GPIB-410 User Manual
xii
© National Instruments Corp.
About This Manual
Conventions Used in This Manual
The following conventions are used to distinguish elements of text
throughout this manual:
italic
Italic text denotes emphasis, a cross reference, or
an introduction to a key concept.
monospace
Lowercase text in this font denotes text or
characters that are to be literally input from the
keyboard, sections of code, programming
examples, and syntax examples. This font is also
used for the proper names of disk drives, paths,
directories, programs, subprograms, subroutines,
device names, functions, variables, filenames,
and extensions, and for statements and comments
taken from program code.
bold monospace
Bold lowercase text in this font denotes the
messages and responses that the computer
automatically prints to the screen.
italic monospace
Italic lowercase text in this font denotes that you
must supply the appropriate words or values in
the place of these items.
<>
Angle brackets enclose the name of a key on the
keyboard–for example, <PgDn>.
-
A hyphen between two or more key names
enclosed in angle brackets denotes that you
should simultaneously press the named keys–for
example, <Ctrl-Alt-Del>.
<Ctrl>
Key names are capitalized.
© National Instruments Corp.
xiii
GPIB-410 User Manual
About This Manual
Abbreviations
The following are the abbreviations for units of measure used in this
manual:
A
C
°
Hz
hex
in.
K
KHz
MHz
nsec
%
V
ampere
Celsius
degree
hertz
hexadecimal
inch
kilobytes
kilohertz
megahertz
nanosecond
percent
volt
Acronyms
The following acronyms are used in this manual:
ANSI
ASCII
BNC
DMA
FIFO
GPIB
IEEE-488
I/O
IRQ
LED
PIO
RAM
ROM
American National Standards Institute
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
referring to a coaxial connector
direct memory access
first in, first out (referring to a memory buffer)
General Purpose Interface (IEEE-488) Bus
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
Standard 488-1978, which defines the GPIB
input/output
interrupt request line
light-emitting diode
programmed I/O
random-access memory
read-only memory
GPIB-410 User Manual
xiv
© National Instruments Corp.
About This Manual
Related Document
The following document contains information that you may find helpful as
you read this manual:
ANSI/IEEE Std 488-1978, IEEE Standard Digital Interface for
Programmable Instrumentation
Customer Communication
We appreciate communicating with the people who use our products. We
are also very interested in hearing about the applications you develop using
our products. To make it easy for you to communicate with us, this manual
contains forms for you to complete. These forms are located in Appendix I,
Customer Communication, at the back of this manual.
© National Instruments Corp.
xv
GPIB-410 User Manual
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter contains a list of the kit contents and optional equipment
and the steps for unpacking your GPIB-410 interface board. It also
contains general information about the GPIB-410 and lists the
specifications of the hardware and software.
The National Instruments GPIB-410 interface board (shown in Figure 11) transforms a personal computer into a sophisticated IEEE-488 bus
monitor and analyzer. The GPIB-410 has low-level testing and
debugging capabilities as well as high-level analysis tools.
Figure 1-1. GPIB-410 Interface Board
The GPIB-410 displays the complete status of the GPIB on the screen at
all times. With sixteen simulated LEDs, one for each GPIB signal, you
receive real-time, visual information about GPIB activity.
You can use the GPIB-410 to directly interact with the GPIB through the
PC keyboard. The sixteen simulated switches can be toggled on and off
from the keyboard to assert or unassert each GPIB signal. This low© National Instruments Corp.
1-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Introduction
Chapter 1
level control is useful for manually debugging GPIB activity. In
addition, these switches can be manipulated automatically at high
speed by the Pattern Generator utility when real-time testing and
simulation are required.
The GPIB-410 has high-level GPIB analysis tools. It can capture large
amounts of information from the GPIB at full speed, without interfering
with GPIB activity. This capture of GPIB status can be related to
specific user-selectable GPIB events, a user-selectable internal clock
rate, or an external clock input. This information is then interpreted in a
high-level format. You can browse or pattern search through the
captured data directly on the screen, log it to a disk, and obtain a
printed output copy. With multiple-level triggering, you can trigger on a
pattern or sequence of patterns on the GPIB. This triggering feature is
useful in focusing on a particular range of activity for capture.
What Your Kit Contains
Your kit should contain the following components:
Component
Part Number
GPIB-410 Interface Board
180280-01
BNC I/O Panel with Two Input/Output Cables
180285-01
5.25 in. Distribution Disk for GPIB-410 GPIB
Monitor/Analyzer Software
420302-10
or
3.5 in. Distribution Disk for GPIB-410 GPIB
Monitor/Analyzer Software
422302-10
GPIB-410 User Manual
320053-01
Make sure each of these items is in your kit. If any item is missing,
contact National Instruments.
GPIB-410 User Manual
1-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 1
Introduction
Optional Equipment
Equipment
Part Number
Single-Shielded GPIB Cables:
Type X1 Cable – 1 m
763001-01
Type X1 Cable – 2 m
763001-02
Type X1 Cable – 4 m
763001-03
Double-Shielded GPIB Cables:
Type X2 Cable – 1 m
763061-01
Type X2 Cable – 2 m
763061-02
Type X2 Cable – 4 m
763061-03
Unpacking Your GPIB-410
Follow these steps when unpacking your GPIB-410:
1.
Verify that the pieces contained in the package you received match
the kit parts list given earlier in this chapter. Do not remove the
board from its plastic bag at this point.
2.
Your GPIB-410 board is shipped packaged in an antistatic plastic
bag to prevent electrostatic damage to the board. Several
components on the board can be damaged by electrostatic
discharge. To avoid such damage in handling the board, touch the
plastic bag to a metal part of your computer chassis before
removing the board from the bag.
3.
Remove the board from the bag and inspect the board for loose
components or any other sign of damage. Notify National
Instruments if the board appears damaged in any way. Do not install
a damaged board into your computer.
© National Instruments Corp.
1-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Introduction
Chapter 1
Hardware Specifications
The GPIB-410 hardware is a full-sized printed circuit board that fits into
a PC expansion slot.
Board Size
13.25 in. x 3.75 in.
Maximum Power Consumption
0.6 A at 5 V
Temperature Range
Operating
0° to 50° C
Storage
-62° to 71° C
Relative Humidity
Operating
condensing
10% to 90% non-
Storage
condensing
0% to 100% non-
Maximum Bus Sampling Rate
1.8 MHz
Software Specifications
The GPIB-410 software is supplied on one double-sided/double-density
diskette. The software runs on the IBM Personal Computer or any IBM
compatible computer. You must have MS-DOS Version 3.00 or higher
and at least 128K of RAM (256K of RAM recommended).
GPIB-410 User Manual
1-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 2
Hardware and Software Installation
This chapter contains the steps for installing your hardware and software.
Install your GPIB-410 using the following steps:
1.
Configure the hardware.
2.
Install the hardware.
3.
Review the files on the distribution diskette.
4.
Run the hardware diagnostics.
These steps are described in detail in the remainder of this chapter.
Step 1 – Configure the Hardware
The GPIB-410 hardware is configured at the factory. Verify that the
settings of the GPIB-410 do not conflict with another board in your
system. The factory configuration parameters are as follows:
•
The GPIB-410 occupies 32 contiguous bytes of I/O space. The base
address of this 32-byte block of addresses can be any multiple of 20
hex, ranging from 000 hex to 3E0 hex. The GPIB-410 is configured
at the factory with a base address of 300 hex, therefore occupying
addresses 300 to 31F hex of your PC I/O space. If another board in
your system uses one or more of these addresses, refer to Appendix
C to change the GPIB-410 base address and to match the software
configuration to the new address.
•
The GPIB-410 uses DMA channel 1 on your PC for high-speed data
transfers. If another board is already using DMA channel 1, refer to
Appendix C to change the GPIB-410 DMA channel and to match
the software configuration to the new channel.
•
The GPIB-410 uses Interrupt Line 7 of the PC I/O channel. If
another board is already using Interrupt Line 7, refer to Appendix C
© National Instruments Corp.
2-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Installation
Chapter 2
to change the GPIB-410 Interrupt Line and to match the software
configuration to the new interrupt selection.
If the GPIB-410 factory configurations do not conflict with other boards
in your system, you are ready to proceed with the installation.
Step 2 – Install the Hardware
The GPIB-410 package includes a BNC I/O panel with two input/output
cables. You use the BNC I/O panel and cables if you want to sample
the GPIB using an external clock signal, or if you want the pulse output
signals generated by the trigger mechanism to be sent to an external
device.
Use the following steps to install the GPIB-410. Omit steps 8 through 11
if you do not plan to use the BNC I/O panel and cables. Consult the
user or technical reference manual of your personal computer for
specific instructions and warnings.
1.
Turn off your computer and unplug the power cord.
2.
Remove the top cover or access port to the I/O channel.
3.
Remove the expansion slot cover on the back panel of the
computer.
4.
Select an open expansion slot (the GPIB-410 requires one fulllength slot).
Note: The GPIB-410 cannot be installed in slot J8 of the IBM
Personal Computer XT if DMA is used.
5.
Locate the metal bracket that covers the cut-out in the back panel
of the PC chassis for the slot that you have selected. Using a
screwdriver, remove and save the bracket-retaining screw.
Remove the bracket.
6.
Insert the GPIB-410 in an unused slot. The GPIB-410 comes with a
plastic card guide. Install the card guide (if one is not already
installed) for the slot that will hold the GPIB-410. Line up the
GPIB-410 with the IEEE-488 connector near the cut-out on the
back panel. Lower the end with the bracket and the IEEE-488
GPIB-410 User Manual
2-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 2
Hardware and Software Installation
connector until the IEEE-488 connector is sticking out of the cutout. Slowly push down on the front of the GPIB-410 until the card
is level again. Lower the card until its edge connector is resting on
the expansion slot receptacle. Using an evenly distributed
pressure, press the GPIB-410 straight down until it seats in the
expansion slot.
7.
Re-install the bracket-retaining screw to secure the GPIB-410 to
the back-panel rail.
8.
If you wish to install the BNC I/O panel and cables for BNC trigger
output and BNC external clock input, you must locate another open
expansion slot for the panel. This panel does not require a fulllength slot.
9.
Locate and remove the bracket that covers the cut-out in the back
panel for the slot you have selected.
10.
Install the GPIB-410 BNC I/O panel into this slot and re-install the
bracket-retaining screw to secure it to the back panel rail.
11.
Connect the cables from the BNC I/O panel to the round RF
connectors on the GPIB-410. Match the connector labeled TRIG
OUT (J2) on the GPIB-410 to the BNC connector labeled TRIG
OUT. Match the connector labeled CLK IN (J3) on the GPIB-410
to the BNC connector labeled CLK IN. Figure 2-1 shows the BNC
I/O panel and cables connected to the GPIB-410 interface board.
12.
Replace the top cover and/or expansion slot cover, plug in the
power cord, and power up the computer.
© National Instruments Corp.
2-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Installation
Chapter 2
Figure 2-1. BNC I/O Panel and Cables Connected to the GPIB-410
Interface Board Installed in an IBM Compatible
Computer
Step 3 – Review the Files on the Distribution
Diskette
The GPIB-410 package contains the Distribution Disk for GPIB-410 GPIB
Monitor/Analyzer Software, (hereafter referred to as the distribution
diskette). Verify that your distribution diskette contains the following
files:
•
README
Diskette inventory and manual additions
•
GPIB410.EXE
Interactive driver program
•
GPIB410.HLP
Help text file for driver program
•
GPIB410.CFG
Default configuration file for driver program
GPIB-410 User Manual
2-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 2
Hardware and Software Installation
•
GPIB410.CAP
Default capture file for saved capture buffer
•
GPIB410.PAT
Example pattern command file
•
FMT410.EXE
Capture file format utility
•
DIAG410.EXE
Hardware diagnostic utility
Before using the GPIB-410 software, copy all files on the distribution
diskette to a backup diskette or to a suitable directory on your
computer's hard disk. Put the original distribution diskette away in a
safe place. Use the files on the backup diskette or in the hard disk
directory to run the GPIB-410 software.
Step 4 – Run the Hardware Diagnostics
Run the hardware diagnostics by entering the following command.
diag410
<Enter>
Carefully follow the instructions on the screen. If you changed any of
the hardware configuration settings when you installed the interface
board, refer to the notes you made in Appendix C and enter the new
settings when the program prompts you to do so. To accept the default
selection for any setting, just press <Enter>.
The diagnostic tests take several seconds to complete. If they complete
successfully, proceed to Chapter 3, Software Overview. Otherwise,
recheck the configuration and installation of the hardware and run the
tests again.
© National Instruments Corp.
2-5
GPIB-410 User Manual
Chapter 3
Software Overview
This chapter contains general information about the GPIB-410 software,
including an introduction to the two windows of operation (monitor and
analyzer). There is also an overview of the menu screens and operation
modes, and the input conventions used throughout the software.
To become familiar with the windows and menus of the GPIB-410
software, start the GPIB-410 program by entering the following
command.
gpib410
<Enter>
The Monitor/Analyzer Main Menu screen is the first screen to appear.
Notice that the screen is divided into two windows: the monitor and the
analyzer. An example of this screen is shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1. Monitor/Analyzer Main Menu Screen
© National Instruments Corp.
3-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Overview
Chapter 3
The monitor window, shown in Figure 3-2, occupies the top quarter of
the Monitor/Analyzer screen and is visible at all times. The analyzer
window, shown in Figure 3-3, occupies the bottom three-quarters of the
screen. The contents of the analyzer window vary depending on the
menu screen selected. The two windows operate independently of one
another.
Figure 3-2. Monitor Window
Figure 3-3. Analyzer Window
GPIB-410 User Manual
3-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 3
Overview
The Monitor Window
The monitor window graphically displays the current state of the GPIB
through simulated LED indicators. Each LED has a corresponding
toggle switch through which you can assert the associated signal on the
bus. In addition, the status of the eight bus data lines is indicated in
both character and hexadecimal formats.
Figure 3-4. GPIB Status Indicators
The following list shows how the LEDs and switches appear when they
are on and off.
LED (on)
Switch (on)
LED (off)
Switch (off)
As shown in Figure 3-4, the top half of the monitor window displays the
current value of each signal on the GPIB. If the GPIB signal is asserted,
the LED is on. If the GPIB signal is not asserted, the LED is off. The
bottom half of the monitor window displays the current user switch
selection for asserting or unasserting GPIB signals. If the switch is on
(or up), the GPIB-410 is currently asserting that signal on the GPIB.
© National Instruments Corp.
3-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Overview
Chapter 3
The Analyzer Window
The analyzer window is divided into the following four areas:
•
The title/status bar
•
The general information display
•
The help/error bar
•
The function key line
These four areas are illustrated in Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-5. Format of the Analyzer Window
The title/status bar contains the name of the current menu screen and
shows all enabled GPIB-410 operational modes.
The general information display contains menus, input fields, or other
textual information.
GPIB-410 User Manual
3-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 3
Overview
The help/error bar indicates the keys to use for the currently selected
menu field or the range of values allowed for data entry. This bar also
displays error information and other status messages in response to
various operations.
The function key line contains Main Menu and Help screen function
keys and additional function keys enabled for the particular screen
displayed.
Screens of the Analyzer Window
Five primary screens can be selected from the Main Menu (<F2>).
These screens are selected by pressing <F3>, <F4>, <F5>, <F6>, or
<F7>.
•
<F3>
–
Capture Settings Screen
•
<F4>
–
Trigger Specification Screen
•
<F5>
–
Capture Display Screen
•
<F6>
–
Pattern Generator Screen
•
<F7>
–
Configuration Settings Screen
Note:
You can return to the Main Menu from any of these screens by
pressing <F2>, or proceed to another primary screen by pressing
the function key of that screen.
In addition to the five primary screens, there are two auxiliary screens
that are selected by pressing <F1> or <Esc>.
•
<F1>
–
•
<Esc> –
Help Utility Screen
Program Exit Screen
Capture Settings Screen
<F3> selects the Capture Settings screen. Use this screen to indicate
the method of capturing and the amount of data you wish to capture.
Capturing involves sampling the GPIB at specified time intervals or on
© National Instruments Corp.
3-5
GPIB-410 User Manual
Overview
Chapter 3
the occurrence of specified events and saving the status of the signal
lines at that moment in time. Captured status information in memory
can be viewed using the Capture Display screen. Appendix G contains
information on saving and viewing capture information on disk.
Trigger Specification Screen
<F4> selects the Trigger Specification screen. Use this screen to
specify a pattern, or series of patterns, that you wish to detect on the
GPIB, and the action you wish to take once the pattern or series has
occurred.
Capture Display Screen
<F5> selects the Capture Display screen. Use this screen to monitor a
capture operation while it is still in progress or to review and analyze
the contents of the capture buffer after the capture has terminated.
Pattern Generator Screen
<F6> selects the Pattern Generator screen. Use this screen to specify a
sequence of patterns that you wish to output to the GPIB at high speed.
These patterns can be specified either interactively on the screen or in a
previously prepared command file on disk. Appendixes E and F contain
additional information on using the Pattern Generator.
Configuration Settings Screen
<F7> selects the Configuration Settings screen. Use this screen to
change installation- and performance-related parameters, as necessary,
for correct operation of the GPIB-410 software.
Note:
If you have changed any of the switches or jumpers on the
interface board, make the changes to this screen to reflect those
changes (the hardware and software settings must match).
Appendix C contains additional information on configuring your
hardware.
GPIB-410 User Manual
3-6
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 3
Overview
Help Utility Screen
<F1> selects the Help Utility screen. Use this screen to obtain
information about a particular primary screen or one of its input fields.
You can only exit the Help screen by typing <F1>.
To select a field for help, use the cursor control keys (that is, the arrow
keys) to highlight the field, then press <F1>. Once the Help screen
appears, use <PgDn> or the down arrow key to read the information. If
you would like to read something that has already scrolled off the
screen, press <F1> twice to exit and re-activate the Help screen.
Program Exit Screen
<Esc> selects the Program Exit screen. Use this screen to specify
whether to save the current state of the software upon termination of the
GPIB410 program. You can only terminate the GPIB410 program
when the Program Exit screen is active.
© National Instruments Corp.
3-7
GPIB-410 User Manual
Overview
Chapter 3
Operational Modes and Functions
The various operational modes and functions of the GPIB-410 are
activated by pressing the following keys.
•
<Alt-C> –
Capture
(toggles on and off)
•
<Alt-E>
Capture Echo
(toggles on and off)
•
<Alt-R> –
Recapture
•
<Alt-T>
Trigger
(toggles on and off)
•
<Alt-G> –
Generate
(toggles on and off)
•
<Alt-M> –
Monitor Input
(toggles on and off)
•
<Alt-A> –
Acceptor Handshaker (toggles on and off)
•
<Alt-S>
Source Handshaker
•
<Alt-D> –
DOS Shell
•
<Alt-I>
DOS Shell + Icon
–
–
–
–
(toggles on and off)
<Alt-C> Capture
Use this mode to capture the status of the GPIB as directed by the
parameters defined on the Capture Settings screen. Pressing <Alt-C>
when a capture is in progress terminates the capture. When this mode is
active, CAP is displayed in the Title/Status bar and C is displayed in the
DOS shell icon. This mode cannot be enabled when triggering is
enabled.
<Alt-E> Capture Echo
Use this mode along with the Capture Display screen to view up to the
last sixteen capture samples while a capture operation is still in
progress. If a capture is not already in progress when this mode is
enabled, one will be started. Disabling this mode will not stop the
current capture operation. This mode is most suitable for low-speed,
GPIB-410 User Manual
3-8
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 3
Overview
limited activity situations. When this mode is active, a blinking CAP is
displayed in the Title/Status bar and C is displayed in the DOS shell
icon.
<Alt-R> Recapture
Use this function to recapture the results of the last successful capture
operation after the Capture Display screen has been cleared. An error is
signaled if any portion of the previous capture has been overwritten by a
subsequent capture. This function can also be used to recover the
results of an untriggered background capture (see Chapter 4, The
Trigger Specification Screen). This function executes quickly and does
not have an indicator in the Title/Status bar.
<Alt-T> Trigger
Use this mode to wait for the pattern sequence defined on the Trigger
Specification screen to occur on the GPIB. When this mode is active,
TRG is displayed in the Title/Status bar and T is displayed in the DOS
shell icon. This mode cannot be enabled when capturing is enabled.
<Alt-G> Generate
Use this mode to output a sequence of data/control patterns onto the
GPIB as specified on the Pattern Generator screen. When this mode is
active, GEN is displayed in the Title/Status bar and G is displayed in the
DOS shell icon. This mode cannot be enabled when the Source
Handshaker is enabled.
<Alt-M> Monitor Input
Use this mode to direct subsequent input into the upper window of the
screen so that you can manipulate the individual lines of the GPIB.
When this mode is active, MON is displayed in the Title/Status bar. In
addition to <Alt-M>, pressing the function key of the currently displayed
primary screen also deactivates this mode. This mode is temporarily
disabled when the Pattern Generator is enabled.
© National Instruments Corp.
3-9
GPIB-410 User Manual
Overview
Chapter 3
<Alt-A> Acceptor Handshaker
Use this mode when you want the GPIB-410 to perform a dummy
acceptor handshake automatically whenever the DAV line is asserted.
The accepted data or command bytes are not saved unless capturing is
also enabled (use <Alt-C>). When this mode is active, ACP is
displayed in the Title/Status bar and A is displayed in the DOS shell
icon.
<Alt-S> Source Handshaker
Use this mode when you want the GPIB-410 to perform a dummy source
handshake automatically whenever the NRFD line is unasserted. The
handshake is performed regardless of the current state of the other GPIB
lines. When this mode is active, SRC is displayed in the Title/Status
bar and S is displayed in the DOS shell icon. This mode cannot be
enabled when the Pattern Generator is enabled.
<Alt-D> DOS Shell
Use this function to escape to DOS temporarily without terminating the
GPIB410 program. All enabled operational modes remain active while
the main program is suspended. To exit the shell and return control to
the GPIB410 program, type EXIT at the DOS prompt.
<Alt-I> DOS Shell + Icon
Use this function to escape to DOS temporarily without terminating the
GPIB410 program. During operation of the shell, a GPIB-410 icon is
displayed in the upper right-hand corner of the screen showing the
operational modes in effect and the current state of the GPIB signal
lines. The layout of the icon signal lines is the same as that shown in
the monitor window. All enabled operational modes remain active
while the main program is suspended. To exit the shell and return
control to the GPIB410 program, type EXIT at the DOS prompt. See
Figure 3-6 for an example of this mode of operation.
GPIB-410 User Manual
3-10
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 3
Overview
Figure 3-6. DOS Shell with GPIB-410 Icon
General Input Conventions
The GPIB-410 software has three types of input fields. They are Direct
Input, Option Ring, and Key Select. Each of these types of fields is
described in detail later in this chapter.
To modify or get help on a particular field, it must be selected. The
software is always operating in one of two input modes, monitor or
analyzer. When Monitor Input mode is enabled, only those fields in the
monitor window can be selected. When Monitor Input mode is not
enabled, the software is operating in Analyzer Input mode and the fields
in the lower portion of the screen can be selected. Type <Alt-M> to
move into and out of Monitor Input mode.
Regardless of the input mode selected, other operational modes can also
temporarily inhibit selection of certain input fields.
© National Instruments Corp.
3-11
GPIB-410 User Manual
Overview
Chapter 3
To select a field, enable the appropriate input mode and use the cursor
control keys to point to that field. Depending on its type, a selected
field is indicated by some kind of key prompt and/or highlighting. For
example,
±yes is a selected option ring. To modify the contents of the field, use
the keys indicated by the prompt (in the preceding example, <+> or <>) and refer to the information contained in the Help/Error bar for
assistance.
Each of the three types of input fields is described in detail in the
following sections.
Direct Input Fields
Information in these fields is simply typed in from the computer
keyboard. The information is then verified for correctness when the field
is de-selected. A selected direct input field is distinguished by the
presence of a block cursor superimposed over one of the characters in
the field. There are two types of direct input fields: Text and Numeric.
•
Text fields are used for inputting text, such as file names. Most
inline editing functions are supported, including delete, backspace,
tab, and left and right cursoring. In addition, typing <SpaceBar> or
<Alt-B> clears all characters to blanks from the current cursor
position to the rightmost position in the field.
•
Numeric fields are used for inputting numbers in decimal or
hexadecimal. Numbers are entered calculator-style, with old digits
shifting to the left as new ones are entered, while the cursor remains
stationary at the rightmost position. This field supports the use of
the delete key (<Del>), which shifts a zero (0) in from the left, and
the <SpaceBar>, which clears all digits in the field to zero (0).
GPIB-410 User Manual
3-12
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 3
Overview
Option Ring Fields
These fields present a "ring" of options from which one is selected by
using the indicated keys. A selected option ring is distinguished by a
blinking single character prompt at the beginning of the field. The
prompt also designates which keys are used in the selection process.
•
The <+> and <-> keys
or
•
The left and right cursor control keys (the arrow keys)
Some option rings contain options which include sub-fields. These
fields can be of any of the three basic input types and only appear when
the associated option is active. A sub-field is automatically selected
whenever its parent field is selected, thus, you can modify the value of
either field by using the indicated keys.
Changing the value of the parent field causes the sub-field of the
deactivated option to be erased.
Key Select Fields
These fields present a grouping of several related fields, each of which
is a small option ring. A selected Key Select field is distinguished by
the presence of an individual key prompt either above or beside each
component field. Press the key indicated by each prompt to modify the
value of the associated component field.
Key Select fields are used primarily to manipulate the individual lines
or bits of the GPIB. These GPIB fields support the following additional
functions:
•
<Ins> - Use this key to enter any 8-bit ASCII character or
hexadecimal value directly into the data portion of the GPIB, for
example, type
<Ins>a
to insert the pattern
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
<Ins><Ins>35
to insert the pattern
0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
© National Instruments Corp.
3-13
GPIB-410 User Manual
Overview
•
Chapter 3
<SpaceBar> - Use this key to reset all component fields to their
original off or null position.
GPIB-410 User Manual
3-14
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
This chapter contains reference material for the GPIB-410 software. It
contains information about the Monitor window and the various screens
of the Analyzer window, and their respective input fields.
The Monitor Window
This window shows the current state of the sixteen GPIB signal lines
and indicates which of those lines, if any, are being asserted by the
GPIB-410. The window is always present at the top of the screen and is
divided into four sections (see Figure 4-1).
Figure 4-1. Monitor Window at the Top of the Screen
© National Instruments Corp.
4-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
The two left-most sections of the Monitor window display the contents
of the eight data lines in character, hexadecimal, and binary format.
The two right-most sections display the contents of the eight control
lines in binary format. The lower portion of each section contains
corresponding user input fields, which are selectable using the left and
right cursor control keys.
The binary indicators and fields are displayed graphically as simulated
LEDs and toggle switches, as shown below.
LED (on)
Switch (on)
LED (off)
Switch (off)
Each LED indicates whether the corresponding signal is asserted or
unasserted on the bus. Each switch indicates whether the corresponding
signal is asserted or unasserted by the GPIB-410. You can change the
settings of the switches only when Monitor Input mode is active,
indicated by MON in the Title/Status bar. Press <Alt-M> to enable or
disable Monitor Input mode.
Lines that you assert by setting the corresponding switches to ON
remain asserted in between separate invocations of Monitor Input mode,
unless they are changed during operation of the Pattern Generator.
Note:
Monitor input is temporarily disabled when the Pattern
Generator is running and during access to the Help utility.
When any field of the Monitor window is active, pressing function key
<F10> performs one cycle of the acceptor handshake in response to the
assertion of DAV. Before using this function, you must initialize the
handshake by pressing <F10>–this asserts NDAC and puts the GPIB-410
in the Acceptor Ready State (ACRS). After that, each time you press
<F10> in response to DAV, the GPIB-410 executes one cycle of the
acceptor handshake, returning to ACRS when DAV becomes unasserted.
The Monitor Window contains the following fields from left to right.
•
Data Line Input, (Character)
•
Data Line Input, (Hexadecimal)
•
Data and Control Line Input, (Binary)
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
Data Line Input (Character)
Use this field to assert any ASCII character onto the GPIB data lines.
Each character entered is asserted immediately onto the bus and the
Monitor window indicators are adjusted accordingly. Only the data lines
are affected by this operation–no source handshaking is performed.
Data Line Input (Hexadecimal)
Use this field to assert any one-byte hexadecimal value onto the GPIB
data lines, four bits at a time. Each hex digit entered is asserted
immediately onto the bus and the Monitor window indicators are
adjusted accordingly. Only the data lines are affected by this operation–
no source handshaking is performed.
Data and Control Line Input (Binary)
Use this field to assert any combination of the sixteen GPIB signal lines.
Each line is controlled by a simulated toggle switch indicator which can
be turned on or off by pressing the indicated key.
As indicated when this field is selected, the topmost row of letters on
the keyboard manipulates the eight bus data lines and the next row of
letters manipulates the eight bus control lines. Use the Insert key
(<Ins>) to place a single 8-bit ASCII or 2-digit hexadecimal value
directly onto the data lines of the bus.
© National Instruments Corp.
4-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
The Capture Settings Screen
This screen shows the controlling parameters in effect during a capture
operation (see Figure 4-2).
Figure 4-2. Capture Settings Screen
When accessing this screen, no input fields can be selected when the
following operational modes are enabled:
•
Capture
•
Trigger (with background capture)
•
Monitor Input
To start a capture operation type <Alt-C>. When capturing is enabled,
CAP is displayed in the Title/Status bar and C is displayed in the DOS
shell icon.
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
Capturing remains enabled until one of the following conditions occurs.
•
You type <Alt-C> again.
•
The capture buffer fills up and the software is configured to stop
capturing on this occurrence.
•
An excessive number of status entries are lost or missed by the
GPIB-410 hardware due to a sustained high-speed sampling rate.
After capturing terminates, use the Capture Display screen to view and
analyze the contents of the capture buffer. To save the contents of the
capture buffer to a file on disk, use the Capture Write function
<Alt-W>. To reload the contents of a previously saved file back into
the capture buffer, use the Capture Load function <Alt-L>.
The Capture Settings screen contains the following fields.
•
Capture stimulus
•
Participate in handshake
•
Buffer Setup: Maximum capacity
•
Buffer Setup: Action when buffer full
•
Buffer Setup: Auto-write each pass
•
File Setup: Buffer range for <Alt-W>
•
File Setup: Capture file name
Capture Stimulus
Use this field to specify when or how often to save the status of the
GPIB signal lines during a capture operation. There are three options.
•
SELECTED GPIB EVENTS
•
INTERNAL CLOCK PULSE
•
EXTERNAL CLOCK PULSE
© National Instruments Corp.
4-5
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
Each of the above options is described in the following paragraphs.
•
•
SELECTED GPIB EVENTS. This option causes the GPIB-410 to
sample the bus on each occurrence of any selected event. The
effective sampling rate under this option varies and depends on
which events are enabled and the amount of activity on the bus.
Any combination of the following seven events can be selected by
turning on the • indicator.
DATA transfer
Defined as the (initial) assertion of DAV
while ATN is unasserted.
COMMAND transfer
Defined as the (initial) assertion of DAV
while ATN is asserted.
IDY response
Defined as the state of the bus lines at the
end of a parallel poll–ATN and EOI asserted.
IFC status
Defined as the state of the bus lines at the
end of an interface clear–IFC asserted.
REN transition
Defined as the (initial) assertion or
unassertion of REN.
SRQ transition
Defined as the (initial) assertion or
unassertion of SRQ.
ATN transition
Defined as the (initial) assertion or
unassertion of ATN.
INTERNAL CLOCK PULSE. This option causes the GPIB-410 to
sample the bus at regular, fixed time intervals. Samples are taken
regardless of the type or amount of activity occurring on the bus.
Any one of the following sixteen sample intervals can be selected.
0.56
1.12
2.24
4.48
•
usec
usec
usec
usec
8.96
17.92
35.84
71.68
usec
usec
usec
usec
143.36
286.72
573.44
1.15
usec
usec
usec
msec
2.30
4.60
9.20
18.40
msec
msec
msec
msec
EXTERNAL CLOCK PULSE. This option causes the GPIB-410 to
sample the bus on each occurrence of an external clock pulse. The
pulse must be supplied by an external device through the CLK input
port of the GPIB-410. The actual sampling rate with this option can
be fixed or varying, depending on the nature of the external clock
input.
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-6
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
Participate in Handshake
Use this field to specify whether the GPIB-410 should perform the
acceptor handshake when capturing data or command transfers. There
are two options:
•
yes (perform handshaking)
•
no
(do not perform handshaking)
Selecting yes causes the GPIB-410 to perform the acceptor handshake
only when a data or command byte is transferred on the GPIB and that
type of transfer is also a selected capture event. Performing the
handshake helps prevent capture loss during periods of sustained highspeed transfers. Selecting no disables participation in the handshake
and therefore prevents the GPIB-410 from interfering with the bus
activity being captured.
This handshake feature is independent of the ACP handshaker <Alt-A>.
Buffer Setup: Maximum Capacity
Use this field to allocate a fixed amount of memory in which to store
captured bus samples. (One bus sample requires two bytes of memory.)
The capture buffer is defined in terms of the maximum number of 2-byte
entries that can be made in it while capturing is in progress. Subject to
the memory limitations of your computer, any size from 16 to 65535
entries can be entered (default = 256 entries).
If the software is unable to allocate a buffer of the requested size, an
error is returned and the size of the largest buffer available is displayed
in this field.
Warning:
Resizing the capture buffer can cause existing buffer
entries to be lost or truncated.
Buffer Setup: Action When Buffer Full
Use this field to specify the action to be taken when the capture buffer
fills to capacity while capturing. There are two options.
•
stop capture
(single-pass)
•
reset and continue
(multi-pass)
© National Instruments Corp.
4-7
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
Selecting the multi-pass option causes the GPIB-410 to begin entering
new capture samples at the beginning of the buffer each time the buffer
fills up. Previous buffer entries are overwritten. This cyclical action
continues indefinitely until you stop the capture by typing <Alt-C>, at
which point the buffer is "unwound" so that the most recently captured
samples can be reviewed in chronological order.
Buffer Setup: Auto-Write Each Pass
Use this field to specify whether to save the results of the next capture
operation automatically to a file on disk. There are two options.
•
yes (write each buffer pass to disk)
•
no
(do not write to disk)
Selecting yes causes the results of future capture operations to be
written to the specified file whenever the capture buffer is full or
capturing is stopped. To implement a continuous capture operation to
disk, combine this option with a circular buffer by configuring the
following fields on the capture settings screen as shown.
Action when buffer full ... reset and continue
Auto-write each pass ...... yes
Capture file name ......... filename.cap
Note:
Selecting yes for the Auto-write each pass field does not
cause the current contents of the capture buffer to be saved to
disk–you must explicitly type <Alt-W> to do this.
File Setup: Buffer Range for <Alt-W>
Use this field to specify the portion of the capture buffer to be written to
disk when you type <Alt-W>. There are two options.
•
entire buffer
•
cursor-to-cursor
Selecting entire buffer causes all entries in the capture buffer to be
written to the target capture file when you type <Alt-W>. Selecting
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-8
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
cursor-to-cursor causes only those entries falling on or between
the positional cursors 1 and 2 (see Capture Display Screen) to be
written to the file. The cursors can be in any order.
File Setup: Capture File Name
Use this field to enter the pathname of a file on disk to be written from
or loaded into the capture buffer. You can enter any valid DOS
pathname, including a drive specification, up to 47 characters in length
(default = GPIB410.CAP). This file is used by the following functions.
•
Capture Write
<Alt-W>
•
Capture Load
<Alt-L>
•
Capture Auto-Write
If the file is written from the capture buffer, the existing contents of the
file are discarded. If the file is loaded into the capture buffer, the file
must contain valid GPIB-410 capture data.
Warning:
The Capture Auto-Write function, when enabled,
overwrites this file immediately as soon as a capture
operation is started. The existing contents are lost
regardless of whether new capture data is subsequently
written to the file.
GPIB-410 capture files are stored in binary format. To view or print the
contents of a capture file from a DOS shell, use the FMT410 utility
documented in Appendix G, Saving and Viewing Capture Information on
Disk.
The Trigger Specification Screen
This screen shows the sequence of patterns composing the Trigger
Specification and the action to be performed once the sequence has
been satisfied (see Figure 4-3).
© National Instruments Corp.
4-9
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
Figure 4-3. Trigger Specification Screen
When accessing this screen, no input fields can be selected when the
following operational modes are enabled.
•
Trigger
•
Monitor Input
Up to nine patterns can be specified in the pattern sequence. Use
function keys <F8>, <F9>, and <F10> to insert, append, and delete
patterns, respectively. Deleted patterns are pushed back on a stack of
unused patterns used by the insert and append functions, thus making it
easy to re-arrange patterns in the sequence.
To arm the Trigger, type <Alt-T>. When triggering is enabled, TRG is
displayed in the Title/Status bar and T is displayed in the DOS shell
icon. Triggering remains enabled until one of the following conditions
occurs.
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-10
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
•
•
Software Reference
You type <Alt-T> again.
The last pattern in the pattern sequence is matched.
If the entire pattern sequence is satisfied before triggering is disabled,
the selected trigger action is taken. While the GPIB-410 waits for a
particular pattern to occur the pattern label is highlighted.
Keep the following points in mind when defining the Trigger Spec.
•
The GPIB-410 hardware can detect only one trigger pattern at a
time without reprogramming.
•
The multi-pattern, repeating trigger capability of the GPIB-410 is
implemented in software. If two events matching consecutive
patterns occur within a sufficiently small time interval, it is possible
the second event will be missed.
•
If the selected trigger action is TRIGGER with position:
TTTTT, background capturing may be started when the trigger is
armed. If so, following satisfaction of the pattern sequence there is
a brief capture adjustment period, during which time it is possible
that some capture entries may be missed or lost.
•
The likelihood of losing trigger or capture events can be reduced or
eliminated by configuring the GPIB-410 to participate in the
acceptor handshake while capturing (see Capture Settings screen)
or by enabling the "dummy" ACP handshaker <Alt-A>.
•
For triggering a capture operation, the following Trigger Spec is the
least dependent on software intervention and the most efficient.
1 WAIT FOR <single trigger pattern> 0001 time
then
TRIGGER with position:
T
The Trigger Specification screen contains the following fields.
•
Data/Control Specification
•
Trigger Repeat Factor
© National Instruments Corp.
4-11
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
•
Pulse Output Port Option
•
Trigger Action
Data/Control Specification (Trigger Pattern)
Use this field to specify a 16-bit pattern that you want the GPIB-410 to
later wait for on the bus. The ordering of the signal lines in the pattern
is identical to that shown in the Monitor window.
Construct the trigger pattern by pressing the indicated letter keys to
select a 0, 1, or x ("don't care") condition for each signal line. As
indicated on the screen, the topmost row of letters on the keyboard
manipulates the data portion of the pattern and the next row of letters
manipulates the control portion. Use the Insert key (<Ins>) to place a
single 8-bit ASCII or 2-digit hexadecimal value directly into the data
portion of the pattern.
Pattern Repetition Factor
Use this field to enter a repetition factor for the associated trigger
pattern. This value specifies how many distinct times a pattern must
occur on the bus before the pattern is considered satisfied. Only when a
pattern is satisfied will the software move on to the next pattern in the
sequence.
Valid repetition factors range from 1 to 9999 (default = 1).
Pulse Output Port
Use this field to specify whether to send a pulse to the TRG output port
of the GPIB-410 each time the trigger pattern is matched. There are two
options.
•
PULSE
•
NO PULSE
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-12
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
Selecting PULSE causes a pulse to be sent each time the pattern occurs
on the bus. The number of pulses output per pattern is equal to the
pattern repetition factor.
Trigger Action
Use this field to specify the action to be taken once the trigger pattern
sequence has been satisfied. There are three options.
•
TRIGGER with position:
•
GO TO label
•
STOP and sound speaker
Each of the above options is described in the following paragraphs.
•
TRIGGER WITH POSITION:
This option causes the GPIB-410 to trigger a capture operation. Use
the adjacent sub-field to specify the relative position of the trigger
point T among the captured data. Any one of five positions can be
selected.
TRIGGER with position:
T
If the T is placed in the left-most position, capturing does not begin
until the Trigger Spec is satisfied. Placing the T in any other
position causes background capturing to begin as soon as the trigger
is armed. In either case, when the trigger occurs the next capture
entry is marked as the trigger point and any previous entries in the
buffer are realigned so as to position the trigger point as requested.
Foreground capturing then proceeds according to the options
selected on the Capture Settings screen.
•
GO TO label
This option causes the GPIB-410 to repeat the pattern sequence
from the pattern specified by label each time the end of the
sequence is reached. This looping action continues until you disarm
the trigger by typing <Alt-T>. Any visible pattern label from 1 to 9
can be selected as the loop target.
This option is useful when you wish to repeat indefinitely a pattern
sequence producing one or more pulses on the TRG output port of
the GPIB-410.
© National Instruments Corp.
4-13
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
•
Chapter 4
STOP AND SOUND SPEAKER
This option causes the GPIB-410 to "beep" when the pattern
sequence is satisfied.
The Capture Display Screen
This screen shows the current contents of the capture buffer defined on
the Capture Settings screen (see Figure 4-4).
Figure 4-4. Capture Display Screen
Input to this screen is disabled when the capture buffer is empty. Input
to this screen is also disabled when the following operational modes are
enabled.
•
Capture
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-14
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
•
Trigger (with background capture)
•
Monitor Input
Display Window Layout
Up to sixteen buffer entries, one per line, can be viewed in the display
window at one time. When capturing is complete, two cursors are
provided for scrolling through the buffer and examining the individual
entries. Entries generally can be described as falling into one of the
following three categories.
Category
Example
Data transfer
'5' 35 00110101 00010 011 DAB
Control line event
'A' 41 01000001 01010 010
Command transfer
'_' 5F 01011111 01010 011 UNT
ATN^
The fields, columns, and indicators of the display window are described
in the following paragraphs.
•
C◊
This column displays two numeric flags, 1 and 2, that label and
distinguish the positional cursors. A blinking flag indicates the
currently active cursor–this cursor is always visible within the
display window. To activate the inactive cursor, use function key
<F9>. The header at the top of this column changes to C_ when the
keyboard Scroll Lock feature is active (see Using the Display
Window later in this section).
This column is empty during Capture Echo operation.
•
∆C:
This field displays the relative offset of the currently active cursor
from the inactive cursor. This value is useful in determining the
distance between two points in the buffer. The (unlabeled) column
© National Instruments Corp.
4-15
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
directly above this field displays the relative offset of each buffer
entry from either the capture trigger point or the beginning of the
buffer, whichever is appropriate.
Use <Alt-H> to toggle the numeric base of all offsets from decimal
to hex. The default display base is decimal.
This field and column are empty during Capture Echo operation.
•
« DATA »
These columns display the data portion of each buffer entry. The
left column contains the ASCII and hex representations and the
right column contains the corresponding binary representation. Only
the lower seven bits of each data value are used in determining
ASCII representations. Characters whose upper bit is set to one are
shown in high intensity.
•
« CONTROL »
These columns display the control portion of each buffer entry. The
left column contains the binary values of the five bus management
lines and the right column contains the binary values of the three
bus handshake lines. The ordering of these lines is the same as that
shown in the right half of the Monitor window.
•
Pg#
This indicator is present when an oversized capture file is partially
loaded and available for paging. # equals the offset of the
currently loaded page. File pages start at zero and are equal in size
to the currently defined capture buffer.
•
Up or down arrow indicators are present in the status bars when the
capture buffer contains more entries beyond the indicated display
window boundaries.
•
Up or down triangle indicators are present in the status bars when a
loaded capture file contains more pages beyond the indicated
capture buffer boundaries.
•
The large section on the right of the window describes each buffer
entry using typical IEEE-488 mnemonics. The first column within
this section is reserved for mnemonic interpretation of the eight bus
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-16
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
data lines. The remaining space on each line is used to flag pulses
or state transitions occurring on the five bus management lines from
entry to entry.
The GPIB-410 software uses the following IEEE-488 mnemonics.
ACG
ATN
DAB
DCL
EOI
GET
GTL
IFC
LA#
LLO
PPC
PPE
PPD
addressed command group
attention
data byte
device clear
end or identify
group execute trigger
go to local
interface clear
listen address group
(# = 0 to 30)
local lock out
parallel poll configure
parallel poll enable
parallel poll disable
PPU parallel poll unconfigure
REN remote enable
SC# secondary command group
(# = 0 to 31)
SDC selected device clear
SPD serial poll disable
SPE serial poll enable
SRQ service request
TCT take control
TA# talk address group
(# = 0 to 30)
UCG universal command group
UNL unlisten
UNT untalk
Appendix B, Multiline Interface Messages, contains a listing of all
IEEE-488 mnemonics and their ASCII equivalents. For a complete
listing and detailed explanation of all IEEE-488 mnemonics, refer to
the ANSI/IEEE publication IEEE Standard Digital Interface for
Programmable Instrumentation.
A line mnemonic followed by an up arrow indicates that the
corresponding line was asserted since the last entry was made; a
down arrow indicates that the line was unasserted since the last
entry was made. A mnemonic by itself indicates a pulse or other
isolated event occurred on the corresponding line. All transitions
and pulses within an entry are flagged regardless of the event that
actually caused the capture.
An entry labeled ** OVERFLOW ** indicates that one or more
capture events were missed or lost between that entry and the entry
preceding it. Such breaks in capture continuity usually occur during
periods of sustained high-speed sampling rates with GPIB-410
handshaking disabled, or when two capture events occur within 500
nsec of each other.
© National Instruments Corp.
4-17
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
Using the Display Window
•
Use <Home>, <End>, <PgUp>, <PgDn>, or the up or down cursor
control keys to move the currently active cursor up or down in the
capture buffer. By default, the cursor moves independently of the
display window, dragging the window behind whenever scrolling
into the upper or lower window boundary. To lock the relative
position of the cursor within the window so that the two always
move in unison, activate the keyboard Scroll Lock feature.
•
Use <Ctrl-Home>, <Ctrl-End>, <Ctrl-PgUp>, and <Ctrl-PgDn> to
page through a partially loaded capture file. These keys are only
active when a loaded capture file exceeds the size of the current
capture buffer.
•
The default displacement for any move or paging operation is one.
To override this displacement, type in any positive numeric value
before pressing the control key. For example, type 500 and press
the up arrow key to move the cursor back 500 entries in the buffer.
Before the control key is pressed, the new displacement appears
briefly in the Title/Status bar and can be edited just as any other
numeric input field (see General Input Conventions in Chapter 3,
Software Overview.)
•
To locate entries matching a specific pattern or class of patterns
within the buffer, use the Set Search Pattern function key <F10>
and the left and right cursor control keys. Additional information on
using the search utility is contained in the following section.
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-18
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
Using the Search Utility
Press function key <F10> to display the search pattern definition
window, shown in FIgure 4-5.
Figure 4-5. Search Pattern Definition Window
Use the pattern definition field to specify a 16-bit pattern for which you
want the GPIB-410 to search for in the capture buffer. The ordering of
the signal lines in the pattern is identical to that shown in the Monitor
window.
Construct the search pattern by pressing the indicated letter keys to
select a 0, 1, or x ("don't care") condition for each bit position of a
captured status. The topmost row of letters on the keyboard manipulates
the data portion of the pattern and the next row of letters manipulates
the control portion. Use the Insert key (<Ins>) to place a single 8-bit
ASCII or 2-digit hexadecimal value directly into the data portion of the
pattern.
© National Instruments Corp.
4-19
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
Once a pattern is constructed, use the left and right cursor control keys
to search up or down in the buffer from the currently active cursor
position. Use the <Ctrl> left and right cursor control keys to search for
an entry which does not match the pattern. When a [non-]matching
entry is found, the currently active cursor is moved to the position of
that entry. If the end of the buffer is reached while searching in either
direction, the GPIB-410 loops around and continues the search from the
other end of the buffer. If no pattern is found, an error message is
displayed in the help/error bar and the currently active cursor remains
unchanged.
The search pattern definition window does not have to be visible to
perform a search operation. Pressing the left or right arrow key
whenever the Capture Display screen is active and captured data is
present initiates a search for the most recently defined pattern.
The Pattern Generator Screen
This screen shows the controlling parameters in effect during a pattern
generation sequence (see Figure 4-6).
Figure 4-6. Pattern Generator Screen
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-20
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
When accessing this screen, no input fields can be selected when the
following operational modes are enabled.
•
Generate
•
Monitor Input
To start the Pattern Generator type <Alt-G>. When generating is
enabled GEN is displayed in the Title/Status bar and G is displayed in
the DOS shell icon. Generating remains enabled until one of the
following conditions occurs.
•
You type <Alt-G> again.
•
The specified pattern sequence runs to completion.
While generating is enabled the toggle switches in the Monitor window
may move or flicker rapidly as patterns are output to the bus. If activity
on the GPIB should hang during this sequence, the switches will contain
the last pattern output. Direct manipulation of the Monitor switches is
not possible while generating is enabled.
Note:
During high-speed DMA operation, you may notice a
discrepancy between toggle switch settings and the
corresponding status indicators. This is normal.
For command file operation, use the load function <Alt-L> to preload or
reload the specified command file. The use of this function is optional–
when the Pattern Generator is enabled, it will scan and load the
command file automatically if it is not already loaded. If any errors are
encountered in the command file during the loading process, they are
written to the file GPIB410.ERR in the current working directory.
The Pattern Generator screen contains the following fields.
•
No. of times to execute
•
Clear switches when done
•
Send EOI with last byte
•
Pattern Buffer source
© National Instruments Corp.
4-21
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
No. of Times to Execute
Use this field to enter a repetition factor for pattern generation. This
value specifies how many times the pattern buffer is output to the GPIB
each time you enable the Pattern Generator.
Valid repetition factors range from 1 to 65535 (default = 1).
Example:
If the Pattern Buffer source is INPUT WINDOW and the
window contains the string "abcde", entering the value 4 in
this field and typing <Alt-G> causes the sequence
"abcdeabcdeabcdeabcde" to be output to the GPIB.
Clear Switches When Done
Use this field to specify whether to reset all switches in the Monitor
window to OFF at the end of a pattern generation sequence. There are
two options.
•
yes (clear all switches)
•
no
(leave switches as last set)
Selecting yes causes the GPIB-410 to stop asserting all lines on the
GPIB after the Pattern Generator successfully completes its output. If a
DOS shell is active when the Pattern Generator completes, asserted
lines are not cleared until you exit the shell and return to the GPIB410
program.
Selecting no causes the lines asserted by the last pattern placed on the
bus to remain asserted until you explicitly clear them in the Monitor
window or you start the Pattern Generator again.
Send EOI with Last Byte
Use this field to specify whether to assert the EOI line with the last byte
output at the end of a pattern generation sequence. This field is valid
for INPUT WINDOW operation only. There are two options
•
yes (send EOI)
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-22
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
•
no
Software Reference
(do not send EOI)
Selecting yes causes the GPIB-410 to send EOI with the last byte in
the pattern buffer during execution of the final pass through the buffer.
Selecting no disables the sending of EOI.
Pattern Buffer Source
Use this field to specify the source of the 16-bit pattern sequence to be
output during execution of the Pattern Generator. The pattern buffer
containing the sequence is created and loaded from the specified source
when you type <Alt-G>. There are two options.
•
COMMAND FILE
•
INPUT WINDOW
Each of the above options is described in the following paragraphs.
•
COMMAND FILE
This option causes the GPIB-410 to use commands in a previously
prepared file on disk to construct the patterns in the pattern buffer.
The commands in the file are written in the National Instruments
Interface Bus Pattern Generating Language (IBPGL), which is
described in detail in Appendix E.
Use the associated sub-field to enter the command file pathname.
•
INPUT WINDOW
This option causes the GPIB-410 to combine the bytes of the input
window sub-field with the Monitor window switch settings to
construct the patterns in the pattern buffer. When you enable the
Pattern Generator, the input window contents are output to the GPIB
(using the source handshake) as either data or commands,
depending on the state of the Monitor ATN switch.
You can enter up to 75 characters or other byte values in the input
window. Use the following escape sequences to specify non-ASCII
or non-printable codes within the string.
© National Instruments Corp.
4-23
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
\n
ASCII linefeed
\r
ASCII carriage return
\t
ASCII horizontal tab
\"
ASCII double quote
\\
ASCII backslash
\xNN
Any two-digit hexadecimal number (N = 0-9, AF)
\MMM
Any of the following GPIB mnemonics:
DCL
GET
GTL
LLO
NUL
Note:
(0x14)
(0x08)
(0x01)
(0x11)
(0x00)
PPC
PPU
SDC
SPD
(0x05)
(0x15)
(0x04)
(0x19)
SPE
TCT
UNL
UNT
(0x18)
(0x09)
(0x3F)
(0x5F)
<Alt-P>
Insert an ASCII '+' into the Input Window
<Alt-N>
Insert an ASCII '-' into the Input Window
The last two escapes are necessary because the <+> and <->
keys are used to select the options of the Pattern Buffer
Source field, which is the INPUT WINDOW parent field. For
more information, refer to Appendix E.
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-24
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
The Configuration Settings Screen
This screen shows the general installation and performance related
parameters of the GPIB-410 (see Figure 4-7).
Figure 4-7. Configuration Settings Screen
When accessing this screen, no input fields can be selected when the
following operational modes are enabled.
•
Capture
•
Monitor Input
•
Trigger
•
ACP Handshaker
•
Generate
•
SRC Handshaker
Notice that some of the parameters shown on this screen must match
corresponding settings on the GPIB-410 hardware. If you change any of
the default hardware settings, remember to change the software settings
as well.
© National Instruments Corp.
4-25
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
The Configuration Settings screen contains the following fields.
• Computer display mode
• Interrupt jumper setting
• Computer keyboard mode • Status refresh rate
• Computer speaker mode
• Acceptor handshake rate
• Base I/O address
• Source handshake rate
• Input DMA channel
• Help file name
• Output DMA channel
Computer Display Mode
Use this field to specify the most appropriate output mode for your
computer display hardware. There are six options.
• Monochrome
(ROM BIOS)
• Monochrome
(Synchronized Direct)
• Monochrome
(High-Speed Direct)
• Color
(ROM BIOS)
• Color
(Synchronized Direct)
• Color
(High-Speed Direct)
In most cases, the software determines the appropriate display mode
automatically and sets this field accordingly. If, for some reason, the
default selection is unsatisfactory, use the information in the following
paragraphs to make an alternate selection.
Any of the Monochrome options should work satisfactorily on most
monitors, both monochrome and color. You can select one of the
Color options only if you have a display adapter that supports color
output.
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-26
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
Selecting one of the ROM BIOS options causes all screen output to be
directed through the built-in video services of the host PC. Using ROM
BIOS calls is the most "well-behaved" manner of writing information to
the computer screen, but it is also the slowest. You should select one of
these options only if you intend to run the GPIB-410 software under one
of the windowing software packages available commercially for DOS
applications.
Note:
The GPIB-410 software has not been tested nor determined to
be fully functional under any particular windowing environment.
Selecting one of the Direct output options causes most screen output
to be written directly to the display memory of the host PC. Using one
of these techniques results in much faster screen updates and can also
improve overall program performance. For most display hardware in use
today, the High-Speed Direct options work satisfactorily.
Some older video adapters, such as the IBM Color Graphics Adapter
(CGA) and its compatibles, produce an annoying snow-like effect on the
screen when display memory is written to directly. This problem can be
reduced or eliminated by synchronizing all screen output with the
horizontal and vertical retrace cycles of the CRT Controller hardware.
If you observe this problem when using one of the High-Speed
Direct options, you should select the corresponding Synchronized
Direct option instead. Although output using this technique is slightly
slower than that of the high-speed option, it is typically only noticeable
on slower machines.
Computer Keyboard Mode
Use this field to specify the keyboard layout of the host PC. There are
six options.
•
U.S. English
•
German
•
U.K. English
•
Italian
•
French
•
Spanish
The information in this field determines which set of keys the software
uses for all GPIB key select fields (for example, the Monitor window
toggle switches).
© National Instruments Corp.
4-27
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
Computer Speaker Mode
Use this field to enable or disable use of the computer speaker. There
are two options.
•
Audible
•
Silent
Selecting Audible enables the GPIB-410 to "beep" whenever an error
or other important event occurs during operation. Selecting Silent
inhibits this feature of the software and may result in a slight
performance gain under some operating conditions.
Base I/O Address
Use this field to enter the port address of the GPIB-410 interface board.
This value must match the setting configured in the address switches on
the interface board itself. Valid port addresses range from 000 to 3E0
hex in multiples of 20 hex (default = 300 hex).
A good way to test if the value contained in this field is correct is to
examine the sixteen GPIB indicators in the Monitor window. If all of
the indicators are on, or if they repeatedly flicker on and off in an
irregular manner, the base I/O address setting is probably incorrect.
Power down your computer, verify the switch settings on the interface
board, and try again.
Warning:
Attempting to operate some functions of the GPIB-410
software with an address already in use by another device
may crash your system or have other unpredictable effects.
Input DMA Channel
Use this field to specify the method by which captured data is unloaded
from the onboard memory of the GPIB-410 into the system memory of
the host PC. There are four options.
•
(DMA) 1
•
(DMA) 2
GPIB-410 User Manual
(default)
4-28
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
•
(DMA) 3
•
(PIO) NONE
Any one of the valid DMA channels can be selected if the channel is
not already in use by another device. The value selected must match
the input DMA channel jumper setting (C#) on the GPIB-410 interface
board. It is permissible to set the input and output DMA channels to the
same value provided capturing and generating are never used at the
same time.
Warning:
Attempting to perform a capture operation with a DMA
channel already in use by another device may crash your
system or have other unpredictable effects.
If there is no unused DMA channel available on your computer, you can
select programmed I/O (PIO) operation by setting this field to NONE.
However, because PIO greatly reduces the performance of most capture
operations, it is recommended that this option be used only when
absolutely necessary.
Output DMA Channel
Use this field to specify the method by which user-defined pattern
buffers are loaded from system memory into the drive latches of the
GPIB-410. There are four options.
•
(DMA) 1
•
(DMA) 2
•
(DMA) 3
•
(PIO) NONE
(default)
Any one of the valid DMA channels can be selected if the channel is
not already in use by another device. The value selected must match
the output DMA channel jumper setting (S#) on the GPIB-410 interface
board. It is permissible to set the input and output DMA channels to the
same value if capturing and generating are never used at the same time.
© National Instruments Corp.
4-29
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Warning:
Chapter 4
Attempting to operate the Pattern Generator with a DMA
channel already in use by another device may crash your
system or have other unpredictable effects.
If there is no unused DMA channel available on your computer, select
programmed I/O (PIO) operation by setting this field to NONE.
Interrupt Jumper Setting
Use this field to specify the interrupt level used by the GPIB-410
interface board. There are six options.
•
2
•
5
•
3
•
6
•
4
•
7
(default)
Any one of the valid levels can be selected if the level is not already in
use by another device. The value selected must match the interrupt
jumper setting on the interface board itself.
Warning:
Attempting to operate some functions of the GPIB-410
software with an interrupt level already in use by another
device may crash your system or have other unpredictable
effects.
Status Refresh Rate
Use this field to specify the maximum frequency at which the Monitor
window and DOS icon status indicators are updated. There are six
options.
•
1 Hz
•
9 Hz
•
3 Hz
•
18 Hz
•
6 Hz
•
MAXIMUM
(default)
Selecting one of the five numeric options guarantees that the status
indicators are updated at the specified rate regardless of most other
activity in the system (with the exception of disk I/O), but can have a
negative impact on overall performance. Selecting MAXIMUM instructs
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-30
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
the software to update the indicators as often as possible, but not at the
expense of other more important activities.
MAXIMUM is usually satisfactory, but can sometimes result in indicator
"freeze up" during processor-intensive activities. For the DOS icon
indicators, MAXIMUM and 18 Hz are equivalent.
Acceptor Handshake Rate
Use this field to specify the speed of the GPIB-410 acceptor handshake
functions. The value selected applies to both the <Alt-A> ACP
handshaker and the optional handshake used during the capture of data
and command transfers. There are 25 options.
60
80
100
200
300
Hz
Hz
Hz
Hz
Hz
400
500
1
2
3
Hz
Hz
KHz
KHz
KHz
4
5
10
20
30
KHz
KHz
KHz
KHz
KHz
40
50
100
200
300
KHz
KHz
KHz
KHz
KHz
400 KHz
500 KHz
700 KHz
900 KHz
MAXIMUM
Selecting one of the numeric options programs the GPIB-410 hardware
to regulate the acceptor handshake to an approximation of the requested
speed. Selecting MAXIMUM disables the hardware timers and allows the
handshake to proceed at the fastest rate possible.
Note:
Because of other configuration variables such as host processor
speed and DMA vs. PIO capture operation, the actual acceptor
handshake rate observed may be less than requested.
Source Handshake Rate
Use this field to specify the speed of the GPIB-410 source handshake
functions. The value selected applies to both the <Alt-S> SRC
handshaker and the handshake used during pattern generation sequences.
There are 25 options.
60
80
100
200
300
Hz
Hz
Hz
Hz
Hz
400
500
1
2
3
Hz
Hz
KHz
KHz
KHz
4
5
10
20
30
© National Instruments Corp.
KHz
KHz
KHz
KHz
KHz
4-31
40
50
100
200
300
KHz
KHz
KHz
KHz
KHz
400 KHz
500 KHz
700 KHz
900 KHz
MAXIMUM
GPIB-410 User Manual
Software Reference
Chapter 4
Selecting one of the numeric options programs the GPIB-410 hardware
to regulate the source handshake to an approximation of the requested
speed. Selecting MAXIMUM disables the hardware timers and allows the
handshake to proceed at the fastest rate possible.
Note:
Because of other configuration variables such as host processor
speed and DMA vs. PIO Pattern Generator operation, the actual
source handshake rate observed may be less than requested.
Help File Name
Use this field to enter the full pathname of the GPIB-410 help text file.
You can enter any valid DOS pathname, including a drive specification,
up to 47 characters in length (default = \GPIB410.HLP).
Program Exit Screen
Use this screen to specify whether to save the current state of the
software upon termination of the GPIB410 program (see Figure 4-8).
Figure 4-8. Program Exit Screen
GPIB-410 User Manual
4-32
© National Instruments Corp.
Chapter 4
Software Reference
You can only terminate the GPIB410 program when the Program Exit
screen is active. This screen contains one field.
•
Save Current Configuration Before Exiting?
Save Current Configuration Before Exiting?
Use this field to specify whether to save to disk the current state of the
GPIB-410 software before you exit. There are two options.
•
yes (save configuration to disk)
•
no
(do not save configuration)
Selecting yes causes the field contents of the following screens to be
saved to the indicated file upon program exit.
•
Capture Settings Screen
•
Trigger Specification Screen
•
Pattern Generator Screen
•
Configuration Settings Screen
Press <Esc> while the Program Exit Screen is active to execute the
selected option and exit the program. Press any other screen function
key to abort the exit sequence and go to that screen.
Note:
The default configuration file pathname is \GPIB410.CFG.
The software automatically searches for this file on program
startup and, if found, loads its contents. If you use a different
configuration file pathname, you must explicitly name the file
on the DOS command line to reload when you later restart the
program, for example,
A>gpib410 myfile.cfg.
© National Instruments Corp.
4-33
GPIB-410 User Manual
Appendix A
Tutorial
This chapter contains examples that guide you through step-by-step
demonstrations of some fundamental capabilities of the GPIB-410. These
examples assume the following:
•
No devices are connected to the GPIB-410 interface board.
•
No input fields have been changed other than those on the
Configuration Settings screen.
•
The selected keyboard layout type is U.S. English.
When the hardware and software are installed, step through the following
examples.
Example 1 – Capturing Data From the GPIB
This example takes you through the basic procedures to set up and execute a
data capture of GPIB states. In addition, you use the GPIB-410 monitor to
manipulate the GPIB.
1.
If you are already running the GPIB410 program, press <F2> to go to
the Main Menu screen. Otherwise, start up the GPIB410 program by
entering the following command.
gpib410
© National Instruments Corp.
<Enter>
A-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Tutorial
Appendix A
The Main Menu screen appears as shown in Figure A-1.
Figure A-1. Main Screen
Notice that the GPIB-410 monitor LEDs are not lit, indicating that
there is no activity on the GPIB.
GPIB-410 User Manual
A-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix A
2.
Tutorial
Press <F3> to select the Capture Settings screen as shown in Figure
A-2.
Figure A-2. Capture Settings Screen
Press <Enter> or the down arrow key until the Maximum capacity
field is highlighted. This field indicates the maximum number of
capture samples that can be stored in PC memory at one time. Enter
the value 16.
For the other fields on the Capture Settings screen, the default values
are used for this example. Later, you can change any of these settings,
but, for now, leave them as they are. The relevant settings are
summarized as follows.
•
The GPIB-410 is set to capture any of the seven GPIB events listed
on the screen, including data and command transfers (xfers) and
ATN transitions.
© National Instruments Corp.
A-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Tutorial
3.
Appendix A
•
The GPIB-410 is set to participate in the handshake during capture.
•
The next capture operation will stop when the capture buffer is full
and the buffer will not be automatically written to the disk.
Press <F2> to return to the Main Menu. Enable the capturing by
pressing <Alt-C>. CAP appears on the right side of the title/status bar.
NDAC also becomes asserted on the GPIB-410 monitor because the
GPIB-410 is participating in the GPIB handshake as a Listener. Switch
to Monitor Input Mode by pressing <Alt-M>. MON appears beside CAP
in the title/status bar. The menu screen appears as follows:
Figure A-3. Main Menu Screen with Monitor Input and Capturing Enabled
The GPIB-410 is now waiting for any of the selected GPIB events to
occur so that samples can be taken.
GPIB-410 User Manual
A-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix A
4.
Tutorial
Control the GPIB by manipulating the monitor to simulate bus activity.
Initially, set up the data lines to the pattern 01011111 by pressing the
keys <w>, <r>, <t>, <y>, <u>, and <i>. This data pattern represents an
ASCII underscore (_). Alternatively, you can press <Ins> once to get
the prompt <<<character>>> above the data line switches and then
type an underscore. Notice that the ASCII underscore is also the GPIB
Untalk (UNT) command. (If you are unfamiliar with the IEEE-488
command set, refer to Appendix B for a complete listing of the
multiline interface messages and their ASCII equivalents.) At this
point, the monitor window appears as follows:
Press <k> twice for a data transfer handshake. This causes the DAV
line to toggle up and down one time.
Next, set ATN true by pressing <s>. The monitor window appears as
follows:
Toggle the DAV line twice more by pressing <k> four times.
Now, set ATN false by pressing <s> again. Toggle DAV by pressing
<k> an even number of times until you hear a beep and CAP is no
longer displayed in the title/status bar. This indicates that the capture
buffer is full and that the capture is complete. At this point, the DAV
switch should be down and the DAV LED should be off.
© National Instruments Corp.
A-5
GPIB-410 User Manual
Tutorial
5.
Appendix A
Press <F5> twice to activate the Capture Display screen to view the
data that was just captured. The screen will look similar to Figure A-4:
Figure A-4. Capture Display Screen
Two command transfers, 12 data transfers, and two ATN transitions
have been captured. Notice that the comment field identifies the ATN
transitions and identifies the Command data pattern as the Untalk
(UNT) command. Refer to Chapter 4 for a description of the fields and
functions of the Capture Display screen.
Use the up arrow key and down arrow key to move the cursors through
the data display. <F9> can be used to change the currently active
cursor. Notice that the ∆C field on the help/error bar changes as the
cursors are moved to reflect the current number of samples from cursor
to cursor.
6.
Notice that some of the switches in the monitor are still asserted. Press
<Alt-M> to enter Monitor Input mode once again, then press
<SpaceBar> to reset all of the switches. At this point, you may like to
GPIB-410 User Manual
A-6
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix A
Tutorial
try completing steps 3 through 5 again while you are still on the
Capture Display screen. This time, instead of pressing <Alt-C> to
initiate the capture, press <Alt-E> to enable Capture Echo mode so that
you can see the captured samples as they are acquired.
7.
Press <F2> to return to the Main Menu.
Example 2 – Triggering and
Pattern Generating
In this example, triggering is used with the pattern generator to capture data
from the GPIB based on trigger criteria. The same capture settings are used
as before, but you must go to the Trigger Specification screen to set up the
Trigger Spec .
1.
Before proceeding to the Trigger Specification screen, press <F6> to
select the Pattern Generator screen as shown in Figure A-5.
Figure A-5. Pattern Generator Screen
© National Instruments Corp.
A-7
GPIB-410 User Manual
Tutorial
Appendix A
The default values for the Pattern Generator are used for this example.
Later, you can experiment with any of these settings, but, for now,
leave them as they are. The current settings are summarized as follows:
•
The GPIB-410 is set to output the contents of the pattern buffer
one time.
•
The monitor switches will not be reset to off when the next pattern
generation competes.
•
EOI will not be sent with the last byte output in the sequence.
•
The source of the contents of the pattern buffer to be output is
defined as the command file GPIB410.PAT .
Before proceeding, examine the contents of the file GPIB410.PAT by
turning to Appendix F, GPIB410.PAT Source Listing . This file, written
in IBPGL, defines a sequence of 16-bit patterns that are loaded into
memory prior to execution of the Pattern Generator. This area of
memory, referred to as the pattern buffer, is analogous to the capture
buffer used for capturing, except that its size is determined
automatically by the GPIB-410 software. After the buffer has been
loaded, the Pattern Generator can be executed any number of times
without reloading until a new filename is specified.
The commands in GPIB410.PAT are straightforward and commented.
For a complete description of the IBPGL command set and syntax,
refer to Appendix E. Notice in the listing that the set and handshake
commands are used to simulate addressing and data transfer activity
between the GPIB-410 and three imaginary devices. For the purposes
of this example, the GPIB-410 will be playing the role of all GPIB
Listeners as well as the GPIB Talker.
2.
Press <F4> to select the Trigger Specification screen. This screen
defines up to nine sequential patterns, collectively referred to as the
Trigger Spec , which the GPIB-410 should wait for before performing
the indicated action at the bottom of the screen. Only one pattern is
required in the Trigger Spec for this example.
In constructing a trigger pattern, you must specify a 0, 1, or x (for
"don't care") condition for each signal line. This is done by pressing
the letter key indicated above the line you wish to set until the
appropriate selection appears.
GPIB-410 User Manual
A-8
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix A
Tutorial
Notice that q through i on the Trigger Spec correspond to the data lines
8 through 1 in the Monitor window. Similarly, the characters a through
g correspond to EOI, ATN, SRQ, REN, and IFC, respectively, and h
through k correspond to the three handshake lines NRFD, NDAC, and
DAV. As discussed in Chapter 3 under General Input Conventions ,
<Ins> can also be used for setting the eight data lines of a pattern when
a specific data value is desired.
For this example, set the Trigger Spec to trigger when listen address 23
hex is detected as a valid command byte on the GPIB. As you may
recall from examining GPIB410.PAT, this is the address of the
imaginary third device targeted to receive a message. First, press <Ins>
once to get the flashing character prompt, then press <Ins> once more
to get the prompt for hexadecimal input. Enter the number 23. The
binary value 00100011 is inserted into the Data Spec and the individual
letter prompts reappear. Now, press the <s> key twice or until an 1
appears in the ATN position, then do the same with the <k> key for the
DAV position. The rest of the lines are left as "don't care". Your
screen should look like Figure A-6.
© National Instruments Corp.
A-9
GPIB-410 User Manual
Tutorial
Appendix A
Figure A-6. Trigger Specification Screen
The settings used for this example are summarized as follows:
•
The trigger sequence consists of just one GPIB pattern occurring
one time, with no output pulse to be sent to the TRG OUT
connector.
•
The trigger action specified is TRIGGER with position:
TTTTT and the trigger point is positioned at the center of the
capture buffer (noted by the T). This configuration means that the
GPIB-410 will trigger the capture mechanism at the moment that
the Trigger Spec is satisfied so that the capture operation can be
adjusted accordingly (more on this in step 3).
GPIB-410 User Manual
A-10
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix A
3.
Tutorial
Press <F2> to return to the Main Menu screen. Press <Alt-T> to
enable the Trigger Mechanism. The TRG indicator appears in the
title/status bar and your screen looks like Figure A-7.
Figure A-7. Main Menu Screen with Trigger Enabled
The trigger is now armed and waiting for the trigger pattern to occur.
During this time, background capturing is also running and ready to
store pre-trigger capture samples into memory. If the capture buffer
fills up before the trigger occurs, the GPIB-410 automatically loops
around and reuses the buffer. When the trigger pattern is detected on
the bus, the GPIB-410 marks the next capture sample as the trigger
point and realigns any existing entries in the buffer so as to position the
trigger point as requested.
4.
When you enable the Pattern Generator, you will observe several things
occurring within a short period of time. First, the GEN indicator
appears in the title/status bar to indicate that the Pattern Generator is
enabled. This occurrence is quickly followed by the appearance of a
© National Instruments Corp.
A-11
GPIB-410 User Manual
Tutorial
Appendix A
LOADING message in the help/error bar at the bottom of the screen,
during which time the software parses the GPIB410.PAT file and
builds the pattern buffer in memory. When this operation completes,
the LOADING indicator is erased and the pattern generation sequence
begins.
In rapid succession, you will hear three beeps, possibly accompanied
by a brief flurry of activity on the GPIB monitor indicators. The first
beep signals the detection of the trigger pattern on the GPIB, and you
may also notice the TRG indicator change to read CAP. Immediately
following, you hear a second beep which signals the completion of the
capture operation and the CAP indicator disappears. Finally, a third
beep indicates that the pattern buffer is successfully output.
When you are ready to continue, press <Alt-G> to start the Pattern
Generator.
5.
When all of the operations are complete and the status indicators are
turned off, press <F5> to select the Capture Display screen and view
the captured data. The results should look similar to Figure A-8.
Figure A-8. Captured Data Including Trigger Point
GPIB-410 User Manual
A-12
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix A
Tutorial
The data is displayed in the capture buffer with respect to the trigger
event which is the listen address 23 hex, or ASCII #. Following the
trigger point, a drop in the ATN line and the beginning of the message
to Device 3 can be seen. Notice that the trigger event is centered within
the sixteen captured events as specified on the Trigger Specification
screen. The two cursors 1 and 2 (far left column) provided for
scrolling through the buffer are initially positioned at the trigger event.
For more information on the Capture Display screen, refer to Chapter 4.
At this point, you may wish to experiment by increasing the size of the
capture buffer so that more samples are retained either side of the
trigger point, and then running through the <Alt-T>/<Alt-G> sequence
again. If you make the buffer large enough (for example, 1,000
entries), you can capture the entire sequence of patterns output by the
Pattern Generator. Notice, however, that if the capture buffer is larger
than the total number of patterns generated, the buffer will never fill up
and you will have to manually halt the capture at the end of the pattern
generation sequence to view the captured patterns. To do this, type
<Alt-C>.
This concludes the tutorial examples. Press <F2> to return to the Main
Menu screen, or press <Esc> twice to exit the GPIB410 program.
© National Instruments Corp.
A-13
GPIB-410 User Manual
Appendix B
Multiline Interface Messages
This appendix contains an interface message reference list, which
describes the mnemonics and messages that correspond to the interface
functions. These multiline interface messages are sent and received with
ATN TRUE.
For more information on these messages, refer to the IEEE-488 Std. 4881978, IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation.
© National Instruments Corp.
B-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Multiline Interface Messages
Appendix B
Multiline Interface Messages
Hex
O c t D e c ASCII
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
000
001
002
003
004
005
006
007
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
08
09
0A
0B
0C
0D
0E
0F
010
011
012
013
014
015
016
017
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
BS
HT
LF
VT
FF
CR
SO
SI
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
020
021
022
023
024
025
026
027
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
DLE
DC1
DC2
DC3
DC4
NAK
SYN
ETB
18
19
1A
1B
1C
1D
1E
1F
030
031
032
033
034
035
036
037
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
CAN
EM
SUB
ESC
FS
GS
RS
US
Message
DCL
GET
GTL
LLO
MLA
NUL
SOH
STX
ETX
EOT
ENQ
ACK
BEL
Msg
GTL
SDC
PPC
GET
TCT
LLO
DCL
PPU
SPE
SPD
Hex
O c t D e c ASCII
Msg
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
040
041
042
043
044
045
046
047
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
SP
!
"
#
$
%
&
'
MLA0
MLA1
MLA2
MLA3
MLA4
MLA5
MLA6
MLA7
28
29
2A
2B
2C
2D
2E
2F
050
051
052
053
054
055
056
057
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
(
)
*
+
,
.
/
MLA8
MLA9
MLA10
MLA11
MLA12
MLA13
MLA14
MLA15
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
060
061
062
063
064
065
066
067
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
MLA16
MLA17
MLA18
MLA19
MLA20
MLA21
MLA22
MLA23
38
39
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
3F
070
071
072
073
074
075
076
077
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
8
9
:
;
<
=
>
?
MLA24
MLA25
MLA26
MLA27
MLA28
MLA29
MLA30
UNL
Definitions
MSA
MTA
PPC
PPD
Device Clear
Group Execute Trigger
Go To Local
Local Lockout
My Listen Address
GPIB-410 User Manual
B-2
My Secondary Address
My Talk Address
Parallel Poll Configure
Parallel Poll Disable
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix B
Multiline Interface Messages
Multiline Interface Messages
Hex
O c t D e c ASCII
Msg
Hex
O c t D e c ASCII
Msg
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
@
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
MTA0
MTA1
MTA2
MTA3
MTA4
MTA5
MTA6
MTA7
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
`
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
MSA0,PPE
MSA1,PPE
MSA2,PPE
MSA3,PPE
MSA4,PPE
MSA5,PPE
MSA6,PPE
MSA7,PPE
48
49
4A
4B
4C
4D
4E
4F
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
MTA8
MTA9
MTA10
MTA11
MTA12
MTA13
MTA14
MTA15
68
69
6A
6B
6C
6D
6E
6F
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
MSA8,PPE
MSA9,PPE
MSA10,PPE
MSA11,PPE
MSA12,PPE
MSA13,PPE
MSA14,PPE
MSA15,PPE
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
MTA16
MTA17
MTA18
MTA19
MTA20
MTA21
MTA22
MTA23
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
MSA16,PPD
MSA17,PPD
MSA18,PPD
MSA19,PPD
MSA20,PPD
MSA21,PPD
MSA22,PPD
MSA23,PPD
58
59
5A
5B
5C
5D
5E
5F
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
X
Y
Z
[
\
]
^
_
MTA24
MTA25
MTA26
MTA27
MTA28
MTA29
MTA30
UNT
78
79
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
7F
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
x
y
z
{
|
}
~
DEL
MSA24,PPD
MSA25,PPD
MSA26,PPD
MSA27,PPD
MSA28,PPD
MSA29,PPD
MSA30,PPD
PPE
PPU
SDC
SPD
Parallel Poll Enable
Parallel Poll Unconfigure
Selected Device Clear
Serial Poll Disable
© National Instruments Corp.
SPE
TCT
UNL
UNT
B-3
Serial Poll Enable
Take Control
Unlisten
Untalk
GPIB-410 User Manual
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration
This appendix describes how to reconfigure the GPIB-410 hardware and
software configurations. There are two different revisions of hardware:
Revision B.2 or higher and Revision C. Refer to the appropriate section
of this appendix for the revision of hardware you are using.
Hardware – Revision B.2 or Higher
This section describes how to reconfigure the GPIB-410 hardware
(Revision B.2 or higher) configuration. If you change any hardware
settings, make note of them in the spaces provided later in this appendix
as you will use them to reconfigure the software.
© National Instruments Corp.
C-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Configuration
Appendix C
Figure C-1 shows the portion of the parts locator diagram with the base
I/O address switches (U49), the DMA channel jumpers (W1 and W2),
and the interrupt jumpers (W3).
Figure C-1. GPIB-410 Parts Locator Diagram (Rev. B.2 or Higher)
Base I/O Address Configuration
The GPIB-410 is addressed as an I/O port and decodes the lower ten
address lines of the PC I/O channel.
The base I/O address for the GPIB-410 is determined by the switches at
position U49 on the interface board. The switches are set at the factory
for the I/O port address 300 hex. This is used as the default base I/O
address value by the GPIB-410 software. The GPIB-410 occupies 32
contiguous bytes of I/O space. The base address of this 32-byte block of
addresses can be any multiple of 20 hex ranging from 000 hex to 3E0
GPIB-410 User Manual
C-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration
hex (for example, a base address of 300 hex would occupy the addresses
300 to 31F hex on the interface board).
Note:
Check to see that this address is not already used by equipment
installed in the IBM Personal Computer. This address does not
conflict with any of the addresses listed as used or reserved in
the IBM Personal Computer Technical Reference Manual;
however, interfaces manufactured by companies other than IBM
may use this address.
© National Instruments Corp.
C-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Configuration
Appendix C
Each switch in U49 corresponds to one of the address lines 9 through 5.
The address line number is printed next to the corresponding switch on
the interface board. Press the side marked 0 to select a binary value of
0 for the corresponding address bit. Press the side marked 1 to select a
binary value of 1 for the corresponding address bit. Figure C-2 shows
the default configuration 300 hex.
Key:
= Side you must press down
Base
1
Base I/O Address
0
Binary
Hexadecimal
Off On
User
Selectable
U49
Fixed
1
9
Off = 1
2
8
Off = 1
3
7
On = 0
4
6
On = 0
5
5
On = 0
4
On = 0
3
On = 0
2
On = 0
1
On = 0
0
On = 0
3
0
0
Figure C-2. Base I/O Address 300 Hex (Rev. B.2 or Higher)
To change the base I/O address, remove the plastic cover on U49, press
each switch to the desired position, check each switch to make sure it is
pressed all the way, and replace the plastic cover.
GPIB-410 User Manual
C-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration
DMA Channel Configuration
The DMA channel used by the GPIB-410 is selected by jumpers on two
rows of pins located near the I/O slot edge connector on the GPIB-410
(W1 and W2 in Figure C-1). The GPIB-410 is set to use DMA channel
1.
Note:
Check that this DMA channel is not used by equipment already
installed in the PC. If a peripheral uses DMA channel 1, you
must change the DMA channel used by the GPIB-410.
DMA channel 2 is used by the floppy disk Controller in the IBM
Personal Computer and the IBM Personal Computer XT. DMA channel
3 is used by the fixed disk Controller in the IBM Personal Computer XT.
The software can be configured for programmed I/O (PIO) if no DMA
channel is available. Configuration jumpers should remain as they are
configured by the factory if PIO is selected.
Each DMA channel consists of two signal lines as shown in Table C-1:
Table C-1. DMA Channels for the GPIB-410 (Rev. B.2 or Higher)
DMA
Channel
Signal Lines
DMA
DMA
Acknowledge
Request
1
DACK1
DREQ1
2
DACK2
DREQ2
3
DACK3
DREQ3
Two jumpers must be installed to select a DMA channel. The DMA
Acknowledge (DACK) and DMA Request (DREQ) lines selected must
have the same number suffix for proper operation.
Figure C-3 shows the jumper placement for the factory default DMA
channel 1. Figure C-4 shows the jumper placement to select DMA
channel 2 and DMA channel 3.
© National Instruments Corp.
C-5
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Configuration
DREQ
The pins S1 through S3 are used by the GPIB-410 software
(Revision B or higher) for the pattern generator. Refer to the
section Hardware - Revision C, later in this chapter, for a
discussion of DMA channel configuration for both capturing and
sourcing.
2
C3
S1
2
3
S1
2
3
1
2
C3
1
DACK
Note:
Appendix C
• • • • •
• • •
• •
• • • • •
• • •
• •
DACK 1 Selected
DREQ 1 Selected
Figure C-3. Factory Default DMA Channel 1 (Rev. B.2 or Higher)
GPIB-410 User Manual
C-6
© National Instruments Corp.
DREQ
Hardware and Software Configuration
S1
2
3
1
2
C3
2
C3
S1
2
3
1
DACK
Appendix C
•
• • • •
• • • •
•
•
• • • •
• • • •
•
DACK 2 Selected
1
2
C3
S1
2
3
S1
2
3
1
2
C3
DACK
DREQ
DREQ 2 Selected
•
•
• • •
• • • • •
•
•
• • •
• • • • •
DACK 3 Selected
DREQ 3 Selected
Figure C-4. DMA Channel Jumper Settings for DMA Channels 2 and 3
(Rev. B.2 or Higher)
© National Instruments Corp.
C-7
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Configuration
Appendix C
Interrupt Selection
The GPIB-410 is configured to use Interrupt Request (IRQ) Line 7. One
jumper and six dual wire wrap posts are used to select the interrupt line.
The interrupt jumper array (W3) is located on the interface board with
lines I2 through I7. Figure C-5 shows the factory configuration for IRQ
Line 7. Figure C-6 shows the selection of IRQ Lines 6 and 2.
5
6
7
3
4
2
INT
• • • • •
• • • • •
Figure C-5. Factory Default IRQ Line 7 Selected (Rev. B.2 or Higher)
5
6
7
3
4
2
INT
• • • • • •
• • • • • •
5
6
7
3
4
2
INT
• • • • • •
• • • • • •
Figure C-6. IRQ Lines 6 and 2 Selected (Rev. B.2 or Higher)
GPIB-410 User Manual
C-8
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration
In the space provided here, record the new settings of the base I/O
address, the DMA channel, and the IRQ line so that you will have them
handy when you install the software.
GPIB-410
New Setting
Base I/O Address:
DMA Channel:
Interrupt Request Line:
© National Instruments Corp.
C-9
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Configuration
Appendix C
Hardware – Revision C
Figure C-7 shows the parts locator diagram with the base I/O address
switches (U65), the DMA channel jumpers, and the interrupt jumpers. If
you change any hardware settings, make note of them in the spaces
provided later in this appendix, as you will use them to reconfigure the
software.
Figure C-7. GPIB-410 Parts Locator Diagram (Rev. C)
GPIB-410 User Manual
C-10
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration
Base I/O Address Configuration
The GPIB-410 is addressed as an I/O port and decodes the lower ten
address lines of the PC I/O channel.
The base I/O address for the GPIB-410 is determined by the switches at
position U65 on the interface board. The switches are set at the factory
for the I/O port address 300 hex. This is used as the default base I/O
address value by the GPIB-410 software. The GPIB-410 occupies 32
contiguous bytes of I/O space. The base address of this 32-byte block of
addresses can be any multiple of 20 hex ranging from 000 hex to 3E0
hex (for example, a base address of 300 hex would occupy the addresses
300 to 31F hex on the interface board).
Note:
Check to see that this address is not already used by equipment
installed in the IBM Personal Computer. This address does not
conflict with any of the addresses listed as used or reserved in
the IBM Personal Computer Technical Reference Manual;
however, interfaces manufactured by companies other than IBM
may use this address.
© National Instruments Corp.
C-11
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Configuration
Appendix C
Each switch in U65 corresponds to one of the address lines 9 through 5.
The address line number is printed next to the corresponding switch on
the interface board. Press the side marked 0 to select a binary value of
0 for the corresponding address bit. Press the side marked 1 to select a
binary value of 1 for the corresponding address bit. Figure C-8 shows
the default configuration 300 hex.
Key:
= Side you must press do
w
U65
Base I/O Address
1 Base 0
Binary
Hexadecimal
Off On
User
Selectable
Fixed
1
9
Off = 1
2
8
Off = 1
3
7
On = 0
4
6
On = 0
5
5
On = 0
4
On = 0
3
On = 0
2
On = 0
1
On = 0
0
On = 0
3
0
0
Figure C-8. Base I/O Address 300 Hex (Rev. C)
To change the base I/O address, remove the plastic cover on U65, press
each switch to the desired position, check each switch to make sure it is
pressed all the way, and replace the plastic cover.
GPIB-410 User Manual
C-12
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration
DMA Channel Configuration
The DMA channel(s) used by the GPIB-410 is selected by jumpers on a
row of pins located near the I/O slot edge connector on the GPIB-410.
The GPIB-410 is set to use DMA channel 1.
Note:
Check that this DMA channel is not used by equipment already
installed in the PC. If a peripheral uses DMA channel 1 you
must change the DMA channel used by the GPIB-410.
DMA channel 2 is used by the floppy disk Controller in the IBM
Personal Computer and the IBM Personal Computer XT. DMA channel
3 is used by the fixed disk Controller in the IBM Personal Computer XT.
The software may be configured for programmed I/O (PIO) if no DMA
channel is available. Configuration jumpers should remain as they are
configured by the factory if PIO is selected.
Each DMA channel consists of two signal lines as shown in Table C-2.
Table C-2. DMA Channels for the GPIB-410 (Rev. C)
DMA
Channel
Signal Lines
DMA
DMA
Acknowledge
Request
1
DACK1
DREQ1
2
DACK2
DREQ2
3
DACK3
DREQ3
Two jumpers must be installed to select a DMA channel. The DMA
Acknowledge (DACK) and DMA Request (DREQ) lines selected must
have the same number suffix for proper operation.
Pins C1 through C3 select the DMA channel used when capturing data
with the GPIB-410. Pins S1 through S3 select the DMA channel used
when the GPIB-410 is sourcing data (pattern generator).
If your system has two DMA channels available for use (for example,
channels 1 and 3), you can assign the capture and source circuitry to
© National Instruments Corp.
C-13
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Configuration
Appendix C
separate channels for simultaneous DMA operation of both. However, if
your system has only one available channel, both jumpers must be set to
that channel for DMA operation of capturing or sourcing, but not both at
the same time.
Figure C-9 shows DMA channel 1 selected for both capturing and
sourcing (that is, input and output). Notice that with this configuration,
DMA may not be used by the capture circuitry and pattern generator at
the same time. This is the factory default configuration. Figure C-10
shows DMA channel 1 selected for capturing and DMA channel 3
selected for sourcing. Figure
C-11 shows DMA channel 1 selected for capturing with no DMA
channel selected for sourcing. Programmed I/O must be used in this
case.
Key:
2
C3
S1
2
3
S1
2
3
1
2
C3
1
DACK
DREQ
= Used to set the interrupt selection
• •
• •
• •
• •
• •
• •
• •
• •
Figure C-9. Factory Default DMA Channel 1 (Rev. C)
GPIB-410 User Manual
C-14
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration
Key:
2
C3
S1
2
3
S1
2
3
1
2
C3
1
DACK
DREQ
= Used to set the interrupt selection
• • • •
• •
• •
• • • •
• •
• •
Figure C-10. DMA Channel 1 for Capturing and DMA Channel 3
for Sourcing (Rev. C)
Key:
2
C3
S1
2
3
S1
2
3
1
2
C3
1
DACK
DREQ
= Used to set the interrupt selection
• • • • • • • •
• •
• • • • • • • •
• •
Figure C-11. DMA Channel 1 for Capturing and no DMA Channel
for Sourcing (Rev. C)
© National Instruments Corp.
C-15
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Configuration
Appendix C
Interrupt Selection
The GPIB-410 is configured to use Interrupt Request (IRQ) Line 7. One
jumper and six dual wire wrap posts are used to select the interrupt line.
The interrupt jumper array is located on the interface board with lines I2
through I7. Figure C-12 shows the factory configuration for Interrupt
Line 7. Figure C-13 shows Interrupt Lines 6 and 2.
Key:
= Used to set the DMA channels
5
6
7
3
4
2
INT
• • • • •
• • • • •
Figure C-12. Factory Default IRQ Line 7 Selected (Rev. C)
GPIB-410 User Manual
C-16
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration
Key:
= Used to set the DMA channels
5
6
7
3
4
2
INT
• • • • • •
• • • • • •
5
6
7
3
4
2
INT
• • • • •
• • • • •
Figure C-13. IRQ Lines 6 and 2 Selected (Rev. C)
In the space provided here, record the new settings of the base I/O
address, the DMA channel, and the IRQ line so that you will have them
handy when you install the software.
GPIB-410
New Setting
Base I/O Address:
DMA Channel:
Interrupt Request Line:
© National Instruments Corp.
C-17
GPIB-410 User Manual
Hardware and Software Configuration
Appendix C
Software Configuration
If you change the hardware settings of the GPIB-410, you must match
the software settings to the new hardware settings.
If you have not already done so, start up the GPIB410 program by
entering the following command.
<Enter>
gpib410
Press <F7> to access the Configuration Settings screen (see Figure C14).
Figure C-14. Configuration Settings Screen
Scroll through the fields on this screen using the up or down arrow keys.
The field you select becomes highlighted. Instructions for changing this
field appear in the help/error bar.
GPIB-410 User Manual
C-18
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix C
Hardware and Software Configuration
When you exit the GPIB410 program, be sure to save the new settings
in the default configuration file \GPIB410.CFG. For more information
on the Configuration Settings screen and the fields it contains, refer to
Chapter 4, Software Reference.
© National Instruments Corp.
C-19
GPIB-410 User Manual
Appendix D
Common Problems
This appendix contains possible causes for common problems
encountered when operating the GPIB-410.
Problem:
The capture operation does not terminate, even though
enough capture events have occurred to fill up the capture
buffer.
Possible Cause:
•
The Action when buffer full field on the Capture Settings
screen is set to reset and continue. Change this value to
stop capture.
•
The value contained in the Interrupt Jumper Setting field on the
Configuration Settings screen does not match the actual jumper
setting on the interface board. Check the hardware configuration
and enter the proper value.
Problem:
There are no highlighted cursors present on the Capture
Display screen.
Possible Cause:
•
The capture buffer is empty. There must be data displayed on the
screen and capturing must be OFF for the cursors to be visible.
•
The contrast on your display is set too low. Adjust the contrast until
the highlighted cursors appear.
© National Instruments Corp.
D-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Common Problems
Problem:
Appendix D
None of the input fields on the Capture, Trigger, Pattern
Generator, or Configuration Settings screens are highlighted
(no cursor present).
Possible Cause:
•
One or more operational modes are enabled which depend on
information contained in these screens (look for the appropriate
indicator in the title/status bar). You are not able to make changes
to these screens while one of these modes is active.
•
Monitor Input Mode is enabled (look for MON in the title/status bar),
meaning user input is currently directed into the upper window of
the screen. To redirect input into the lower window once again,
press <Alt-M> or the function key associated with the primary
screen currently displayed in the analyzer window.
•
The contrast on your display is set too low. Adjust the contrast until
the highlighted cursor appears.
Problem:
There is no indication that the final trigger pattern was
matched (there was no beep and the TRG indicator in the
title/status bar is still present), even though the required
pattern has already appeared a sufficient number of times
on the bus.
Possible Cause:
•
The GPIB-410 software does not acknowledge the occurrence of the
final pattern in a trigger sequence involving a capture until the next
capture of an enabled GPIB event occurs. Thus, if the final trigger
pattern does not correspond to any of the enabled GPIB events on
the Capture Settings screen and no events are captured following
the final occurrence of this pattern, completion of the trigger
sequence may never be indicated to the user.
•
The value contained in the Interrupt Jumper Setting field on the
Configuration Settings screen does not match the actual jumper
setting on the interface board. Check the hardware configuration
and enter the proper value.
GPIB-410 User Manual
D-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix D
Problem:
Common Problems
The system crashes when any of the operational modes on
the Main Menu screen are enabled. A restart is necessary
to proceed.
Possible Cause:
•
The values selected for the Input DMA channel, Interrupt jumper
setting, or Base I/O address on the Configuration Settings screen do
not match the actual settings on the interface board, or the values
selected are in use by another device. Check the choices made and
try again.
Problem:
The title/status bar is blank and/or the entire screen is faint
or coarse, making it difficult to read.
Possible Cause:
•
Your computer contains a color graphics controller card connected
to a monochrome display. Go to the Configuration Settings screen
(<F7>) and change the computer display mode field from Color to
one of the Monochrome options by using <+> or <->. Press
<Enter> after you have made this change.
Alternatively, you can specify monochrome operation at program
start-up by specifying -m in the DOS command line as follows:
gpib410 -m
Problem:
<Enter>
The DOS Shell functions <Alt-D> and <Alt-I> are not able
to find, load, or run the file COMMAND.COM.
Possible Cause:
•
The correct pathname of COMMAND.COM is not contained in the
DOS environment variable COMSPEC. You must set this variable
accordingly so that the GPIB-410 software can find the file on disk.
•
COMMAND.COM contained on the currently active boot disk has an
incorrect version number. You must use the same DOS version of
COMMAND.COM that you used when you first started the system.
© National Instruments Corp.
D-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Common Problems
•
Appendix D
There is insufficient memory available to load COMMAND.COM. Try
reducing the size of the capture buffer defined on the Capture
Settings screen and try again.
GPIB-410 User Manual
D-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix E
Using the Pattern Generator
This appendix describes the Interface Bus Pattern Generating Language
(IBPGL) and syntax conventions for data/command strings.
Using the Pattern Generator is an alternative means of manipulating the
switches of the GPIB-410 Monitor window. It is faster and more
accurate than toggling the switches by hand, and the patterns created
can be repeated many times.
There are two methods for specifying output patterns. The first and most
flexible method is to use a text editor to create a file of commands that
describes a sequence of actions to be performed on the GPIB. These
actions are then translated into a stream of patterns by the GPIB-410
and output to the bus. The second method, though more limited, can be
used while the GPIB-410 software is running. Using the interactive
input window on the Pattern Generator screen, you can enter a string of
data or command bytes that can then be output to the bus using the
source handshake protocol.
The Command File Method
Pattern command files are created using the National Instruments
Interface Bus Pattern Generating Language (IBPGL). Developed
specifically for use with the GPIB-410 Pattern Generator, IBPGL is a
simple, easy-to-use language designed for specifying arbitrary patterns
to be placed on the GPIB. IBPGL is a compiled language in that its
commands are used to describe a sequence of 16-bit patterns that are
constructed and loaded into memory prior to execution of the Pattern
Generator.
IBPGL consists of only five commands. Generally, each command can
be classified by function as one of the following two types.
•
Pattern creation
•
Execution control
Pattern creation commands add one or more patterns to the pattern
buffer for eventual output by the Pattern Generator. Because these
© National Instruments Corp.
E-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Using the Pattern Generator
Appendix E
commands specify patterns in terms of changes to the current state of
the GPIB, as opposed to completely redefining that state with a new 16bit value, each new pattern is constructed by modifying the last pattern
placed in the buffer. Unless the state of an individual signal line is
explicitly changed by a particular command, its state remains constant
from the previous pattern to the current one.
Execution control commands create no new patterns, but are used to
alter the manner in which the pattern buffer is output to the GPIB.
Regardless of type, each command has the following syntax.
[ n * ] command arguments...
•
The expression n * specifies an optional repetition factor n which
may precede any command. The value of n must be an integer
constant in the range 1 to 65535. If n * is omitted, the default
repetition factor is 1.
•
The expression command is one of the five command keywords
described under the IBPGL Command Description section later in
this chapter.
•
The expression arguments... specifies a variable list of
arguments that are determined by the selected command.
IBPGL Command Descriptions
(1) SET line_mask...
This command is used to selectively change the state of any
combination of GPIB signal lines. It causes exactly one new
pattern (two bytes) to be placed into the pattern buffer. In the
above command line, the expression line_mask has the following
syntax:
operator line_mnemonic...
•
The expression operator can be the symbol + or -. The +
operator causes each of the GPIB signal lines specified in the
expression line_mnemonic... to be set to 1 (on). The operator causes each of the GPIB signal lines specified in the
expression line_mnemonic... to be set to 0 (off).
GPIB-410 User Manual
E-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix E
•
Using the Pattern Generator
The expression line_mnemonic can be any of the following
terms:
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
DATA
CONTROL
ALL
EOI
ATN
SRQ
REN
IFC
NRFD
NDAC
DAV
(specifies all 8 data lines)
(specifies all 8 control lines)
(specifies all 16 signal lines)
Any number of the above terms can be included in the
expression line_mnemonic..., although no specific signal
line should be mentioned more than once. In general, the SET
command requires at least one operator followed by at least
one line_mnemonic.
Examples of SET:
a.
set + atn - nrfd ndac ; assert ATN,
; clear NRFD/NDAC
b.
set + data
; assert all data
; lines
c.
set - all + atn ren
; clear all lines,
; assert ATN/REN
As the last example implies, ordering is important when any of
the composite references DATA, CONTROL, or ALL are used
along with references to specific signal lines. If the expression
had been written like the following example, the net result
would be the clearing of all lines in the pattern to zero.
set + atn ren - all
(2) HANDSHAKE string
This command is used to source handshake the specified string of
bytes onto the GPIB. These bytes are interpreted as either data or
commands, depending on the state of the ATN line. The number of
new patterns placed into the pattern buffer by this command equals
the number of bytes specified in the expression string. The syntax
© National Instruments Corp.
E-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Using the Pattern Generator
Appendix E
for string is identical to that described later for text in the
Interactive Input Window, except that here the text must be
enclosed in double quotes (for example, "this is a valid
handshake string"). Notice that unlike the SET command,
which simply causes a static pattern to be placed onto the GPIB,
patterns specified using the HANDSHAKE command cause one
cycle of the source handshake to be executed as each pattern is
output to the bus. Thus, the HANDSHAKE command is roughly
equivalent to a sequence of several SET commands for each byte in
string, as illustrated below:
handshake "a"
is conceptually similar to
set - data dav + d7 d6 d1
implicit wait for NRFD to be cleared
set + dav
implicit wait for NDAC to be cleared
set - dav
As indicated in the illustration, the DAV line is automatically set to
0 at the beginning of any HANDSHAKE command. DAV is the
only control line affected by this command.
Examples of HANDSHAKE:
a.
handshake "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\r\n"
b.
handshake "\x41\x42\x43\x44\x4A\x4B\x4C\x4D"
c.
handshake "\UNT\UNL\x41\TCT"
(3) INCLUDE filename
This command is used to include the contents of another command
file in line with the contents of the current command file. Files
included in this manner may also contain INCLUDE commands.
The number of new patterns placed into the pattern buffer by this
command depends on the number and type of commands contained
in the included file. The term filename must be a valid DOS
pathname of 47 characters or less.
GPIB-410 User Manual
E-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix E
Using the Pattern Generator
Examples of INCLUDE:
a.
include myfile.pat
b.
include a:\tmp\test3.pat
(4) PAUSE [ n ]
This command is used to suspend output of the pattern buffer for
approximately n msec before proceeding. If specified, the value n
must be an integer in the range 1 to 65,535. If n is omitted, its
value defaults to 1,000. Because this function relies on the built-in
timer interrupt of the host PC system, pause intervals that do not
correspond to an integral number of timer ticks are rounded to the
nearest integral value. Timer ticks occur approximately once every
55 msec.
Examples of PAUSE:
a.
pause 50
; pause for 50 msec
b.
pause
; pause for 1 sec
c.
pause 3000
; pause for 3 sec
(5) {
command
command
:
}
This command is used to group together a sequence of one or more
commands into one compound command, much like similar
constructs found in C or Pascal. The command is initiated by the
symbol "{" on the first line of the sequence and terminated by the
symbol "}" on the last line. The commands to be grouped are
placed on intervening lines, one per line, with optional indentation
for clarity. This command is used for the purpose of applying a
single repetition factor to an entire sequence of commands - in other
words, it is used to create a loop.
© National Instruments Corp.
E-5
GPIB-410 User Manual
Using the Pattern Generator
Appendix E
Example of { ... }:
5 * {
set + atn
handshake "?0123456789"
set - all
}
During execution, the above sequence of 13 patterns will be output
to the GPIB five times.
IBPGL Tips and Techniques
Any of the named commands can be abbreviated to as few as one letter
if desired (that is, S, H, I, and P ). The maximum active line length is
79 characters, and comments can be included on any line by preceding
them with a semicolon (;).
HANDSHAKE commands containing lengthy text strings that cannot fit
on one line can be broken down into several shorter HANDSHAKE
commands yielding the same results. For example, the sequence of
commands:
handshake "abcd"
handshake "1234"
handshake "efgh"
is equivalent to the single command:
handshake "abcd1234efgh"
Unlike the above two sequences of commands, some sequences that
may appear to be identical actually yield slightly different results. For
example, consider the following two commands:
20 * handshake "a"
handshake "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
Though each command will result in the letter "a" being output to the
bus 20 times, the second command produces faster output than the first.
This is especially true if the Pattern Generator is using DMA. The
GPIB-410 User Manual
E-6
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix E
Using the Pattern Generator
reason for this is that repetition factors do not insert extra patterns into
the pattern buffer, but merely instruct the GPIB-410 to output a fixed
portion of the buffer more than once. This fact should also be kept in
mind when a repetition factor is applied to a block of commands.
The Input Window Method
Using the interactive input window is a quick and easy means of source
handshaking a unique string of up to 75 bytes onto the GPIB without
creating a pattern command file. You can repeat the string
automatically up to 65,535 times and you can optionally send EOI along
with the last byte in the output sequence.
Outputting bytes through the input window is roughly equivalent to
executing a command file that contains only HANDSHAKE commands.
Unlike a command file, however, the input window works in conjunction
with the current monitor switch settings. Thus, for example, bytes can
be sent out as either data or commands, depending on the state of the
ATN switch in the monitor window.
The syntax for the data/command strings specified in the input window
(as well as the HANDSHAKE command) has several escape sequences
for including special 8-bit codes that are not conveniently entered as
standard ASCII characters. These escape sequences are initiated with a
backslash (\) followed by one or three alphanumeric characters as
shown in the following list:
\n
ASCII linefeed
\r
ASCII carriage return
\t
ASCII horizontal tab
\"
ASCII double quote
\\
ASCII backslash
\xNN
Any 2-digit hexadecimal number (N = 0 through 9,
A through F)
© National Instruments Corp.
E-7
GPIB-410 User Manual
Using the Pattern Generator
\MMM
required):
Appendix E
Any of the GPIB mnemonics shown here (caps
DCL (0x14)
GET (0x08)
GTL (0x01)
LLO (0x11)
NUL (0x00)
PPC (0x05)
PPU (0x15)
SDC (0x04)
SPD (0x19)
SPE (0x18)
TCT (0x09)
UNL (0x3F)
UNT (0x5F)
In addition to the above escape sequences, two others are provided for
entering the ASCII characters '+' and '-'. They are as follows:
<Alt-P>
Insert an ASCII '+' into the Input Window
<Alt-N>
Insert an ASCII '-' into the Input Window
These two escape sequences are necessary because <+> and <-> on the
keyboard are used to select the options in the Pattern Buffer Source
field, which is the Input Window parent field.
Examples of Input Window strings:
(a.)
(b.)
(c.)
GPIB-410 User Manual
E-8
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix F
GPIB410.PAT Source Listing
This information not available in PDF version of this
document.
© National Instruments Corp.
F-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
GPIB410.PAT Source Listing
Appendix F
This information not available in PDF version of this
document.
GPIB-410 User Manual
F-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix G
Saving and Viewing Capture
Information on Disk
This appendix describes saving and viewing capture buffers on disk.
Also included is a description of the FMT410 utility.
The following two functions are available on the Capture Settings
screen for saving captured status information to a file on disk.
•
The Auto-write function
•
The Immediate Write function
The Auto-write function is used while capturing is enabled to save
the contents of the GPIB-410 capture buffer automatically each time the
buffer is full or when the capture operation is terminated. The pathname
of the file to receive this information is specified in the field at the
bottom of the Capture Settings screen. This function is useful when you
want to capture and retain more status entries than will fit in the capture
buffer at one time. Before you initiate any capture activity that you
wish to save, you must enable this function by selecting yes in the
Auto-write each pass field on the screen.
The Immediate Write function, which is activated by pressing <AltW>, saves the current contents of the capture buffer to the specified file
on disk. This function is used to save captured status information after
the capture activity has already completed. In addition, by using the
Buffer range for <Alt-W> field, you can elect to save the
contents of the entire buffer or just a portion of it.
With either of the above techniques, information is saved to the capture
file in exactly the same manner. If the specified file already exists, it is
overwritten when the write operation is initiated. Otherwise, it is
created.
The saved block, or table, of status entries is preceded in the file by a
binary header that contains information about the size of the table and
the configuration of the GPIB-410 software at the moment that the
capture was started. Like the header, the capture table is also stored in
binary to reduce the size of the overall file, as well as improve the
speed and efficiency of the write operations. The size in bytes of the
table is equal to the total number of entries saved times two. Data bytes
© National Instruments Corp.
G-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Saving and Viewing Capture Information on Disk
Appendix G
are positioned at even offsets from the beginning of the table, while
control bytes are positioned at odd offsets.
The following two techniques are available for retrieving captured data
from a file on disk.
•
The Capture Load function, <Alt-L>
•
The FMT410 utility
The Capture Load function loads back into the capture buffer the file
specified on the Capture Settings screen. To load the specified file,
press <Alt-L>. Once the file is loaded, all of the standard editing
features of the Capture Display screen can be used.
To format the contents of capture files into a more familiar ASCII form
for viewing or printing outside of the GPIB410 program, use the
FMT410 utility. The syntax used to start FMT410 is as follows:
FMT410 [flags...] [filename]
The flags shown in the above line are optional; they are described
later in this appendix. These flags are used to tailor the output of
FMT410 to specific needs or situations. In most cases, however, no
flags are necessary and only a filename must be specified. To format
any capture file, enter the following command.
fmt410 filename
<Enter>
The expression filename can be any valid DOS pathname, including
an optional drive specification, of 47 characters or less. To format the
default capture file GPIB410.CAP, enter the following command.
fmt410
<Enter>
The FMT410 utility directs its output to the computer display by default.
Output can be redirected to a file or printer by using the DOS redirection
operator >. Listed below are a few examples.
Example 1:
fmt410 mydata.cap > mydata.fmt
Example 2:
fmt410 mydata.cap > lpt1
Example 3:
fmt410 > prn
GPIB-410 User Manual
G-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix G
Saving and Viewing Capture Information on Disk
To accomodate a wide variety of printers, only standard ASCII
characters are used in FMT410 output. For each capture table,
information is displayed from the associated header, followed by the
table of saved status entries. The format of the entries table is similar to
that of the Capture Display screen (see Figure G-1).
Figure G-1. FMT410 Output Listing
© National Instruments Corp.
G-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Saving and Viewing Capture Information on Disk
Appendix G
Unlike the file in the previous example, some capture files may contain
thousands of status entries. As FMT410 translates each 2-byte entry into
a 60- to 80-byte line of ASCII text, the quantity of output can add up
quickly. To alleviate this problem, the run-time flags in Table G-1 are
used to condense or eliminate portions of FMT410 output if desired.
Table G-1. Run-Time Flags
Flag
Description
-tnumber
Output only the capture table indicated by number. If
number is omitted, the number of tables contained in the
file is shown on the screen. This flag is used with
Revision A capture files, which may contain more than
one capture table. Revision B and C GPIB-410 software
only store one capture table per file.
-inumber
Begin output range at index number. Default range
begins at index 0 of each capture table.
-cnumber
Limit output range to count of number entries. Default
range extends to the end of each capture table.
-foption...
Modify formatted output of each capture table.
p
b
r
h
Do not format position display column.
Do not format data/control binary display columns.
Do not format remarks display column.
Format control column in hexadecimal.
-xoption...
Extract capture information without headers or formatting.
If this flag is specified, all -f options are ignored.
e
d
Extract all data/control entries in output range.
Extract only valid data bytes in output range. If the e
option is specified, also extract the accompanying control
bytes.
Extract only valid command bytes in output range. If the
e option is specified, also extract the accompanying
control bytes.
c
-h or -?
Display an online help screen describing each of the
above flags.
GPIB-410 User Manual
G-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix G
Saving and Viewing Capture Information on Disk
Flags can be specified in any order. This is also true of the options that
follow them. If two or more flags are specified that are redundant or
conflicting, the flag specified last takes precedence. There must not be
any spaces between a flag and its option(s).
The following examples are possible flag combinations. These
examples assume that the file GPIB410.CAP exists and contains the
information shown in the complete table in Figure G-1. If you enter the
following command, the output looks like the listing shown in Figure G2.
fmt410 -i5 -fpb
<Enter>
Figure G-2. Abbreviated FMT410 Output Listing
© National Instruments Corp.
G-5
GPIB-410 User Manual
Saving and Viewing Capture Information on Disk
Appendix G
If you enter the following command:
fmt410 -xdc
<Enter>
the output appears as follows:
s.
?#DEV3 me
GPIB-410 User Manual
G-6
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix H
Differences between Software
Revisions
This appendix describes the differences between the major software
revisions.
The Revision B release of the GPIB-410 software was a functional
superset of the Revision A release. In addition to enhanced
functionality in several areas of operation, minor improvements to the
user interface were also made. Likewise, the Revision C release builds
upon the functionality of Revision B.
Note:
Capture and configuration file formats are compatible across all
revisions of the software.
Important Differences
Users already familiar with Revision A and Revision B will find that the
original screens and functions operate in the same manner as before,
with the following important exceptions:
•
The Immediate Write function, <Alt-W>, which was formerly
included in the list of functions on the Main Menu screen in
Revision A, is a local function on the Capture Settings screen in
Revision B and Revision C.
•
In Revision B and Revision C, both the Immediate Write function
and the Auto-write function overwrite previous information in the
selected capture file whenever a new write operation is initiated.
This approach differs from that of Revision A, wherein existing
capture files were appended to with each new write operation.
•
In Revision A and Revision B, Monitor Input mode can be exited by
pressing the function key of any analyzer screen. In Revision C,
Monitor Input mode can be exited only by pressing <Alt-M>,
<Esc>, or the function key of the currently displayed analyzer
screen.
© National Instruments Corp.
H-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Differences Between Software
Appendix H
Feature Highlights
Some of the new functions included in the Revision B release are as
follows:
•
Pattern Generator – a convenient, low-level utility for placing a
sequence of 16-bit patterns onto the GPIB at high speeds.
•
Variable Speed Handshaker fields – can vary the speed of the builtin source and acceptor handshakers of the GPIB-410 hardware.
•
Capture Buffer Search function – can search for a specific pattern or
class of patterns.
•
Auto Accept-a-Byte function – can perform one cycle of the
acceptor handshake with a single keystroke.
•
Improved FMT410 utility – can tailor capture file output to specific
needs and situations.
Some of the new functions included in the Revision C release are as
follows:
•
Background Operation - you can exit to DOS temporarily without
terminating the GPIB410 program. During DOS operation, an
optional GPIB-410 icon can be displayed on the screen showing the
operational modes in effect and the current state of the GPIB signal
lines. All enabled modes remain active while the main program is
suspended.
•
Capture Echo mode - can display captured data on the screen as it
is being captured.
•
Data Recapture function - can recover the results of the last
successful capture operation after the Capture Display screen has
been cleared.
•
Capture File Load function - can load capture files stored on disk
back into the capture buffer for display and analysis.
•
Improved Capture Display Screen - supports flexible cursor
positioning while scrolling through the data, expanded device
addressing information in the mnemonics display column, and buffer
offsets formatted in either decimal or hexadecimal.
GPIB-410 User Manual
H-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Appendix I
Customer Communication
For your convenience, this appendix contains forms to help you gather
the information necessary to help us solve technical problems you might
have as well as a form you can use to comment on the product
documentation. Filling out a copy of the Technical Support Form before
contacting National Instruments helps us help you better and faster.
National Instruments provides comprehensive technical assistance
around the world. In the U.S. and Canada, applications engineers are
available Monday through Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (central
time). In other countries, contact the nearest branch office. You
may fax questions to us at any time.
Corporate Headquarters
(512) 795-8248
Technical support fax: (800) 328-2203
(512) 794-5678
Branch Offices
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Italy
Japan
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Singapore
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
U.K.
Phone Number
(03) 879 9422
(0662) 435986
02/757.00.20
45 76 26 00
(90) 527 2321
(1) 48 14 24 00
089/741 31 30
02/48301892
(03) 3788-1921
95 800 010 0793
03480-33466
32-848400
2265886
(91) 640 0085
08-730 49 70
056/20 51 51
02 377 1200
0635 523545
© National Instruments Corp.
I-1
Fax Number
(03) 879 9179
(0662) 437010-19
02/757.03.11
45 76 71 11
(90) 502 2930
(1) 48 14 24 14
089/714 60 35
02/48301915
(03) 3788-1923
95 800 010 0793
03480-30673
32-848600
2265887
(91) 640 0533
08-730 43 70
056/20 51 55
02 737 4644
0635 523154
GPIB-410 User Manual
Technical Support Form
Photocopy this form and update it each time you make changes to your
software or hardware, and use the completed copy of this form as a
reference for your current configuration. Completing this form
accurately before contacting National Instruments for technical support
helps our applications engineers answer your questions more efficiently.
If you are using any National Instruments hardware or software products
related to this problem, include the configuration forms from their user
manuals. Include additional pages if necessary.
Name
Company
Address
Fax (
)
Phone (
)
Computer brand
Model
Processor
Operating system
Speed
MHz
RAM
M
Display adapter
Mouse
yes
no
Other adapters installed
Hard disk capacity
M
Brand
Instruments used
National Instruments hardware product model
Revision
Configuration
(continues)
National Instruments software product
Version
Configuration
The problem is
List any error messages
The following steps will reproduce the problem
GPIB-410 Hardware and Software
Configuration Form
Record the settings and revisions of your hardware and software on the
line located to the right of each item. Complete this form each time
you revise your software or hardware configuration, and use this form as
a reference for your current configuration. Completing this form
accurately before contacting National Instruments for technical support
helps our applications engineers answer your questions.
National Instruments Products
•
GPIB-410 Software Revision Number on Disk:
(Disk Label: Distribution Diskette for GPIB-410 GPIB Monitor/
Analyzer Software
•
Interrupt Level of GPIB-410:
•
DMA Channel of GPIB-410:
•
Base I/O Address of GPIB-410:
Other Products
•
Computer Make and Model:
•
Other Boards in System:
•
Base I/O Address of Other Boards:
•
DMA Channel of Other Boards:
•
Interrupt Level of Other Boards:
Documentation Comment Form
National Instruments encourages you to comment on the documentation
supplied with our products. This information helps us provide quality
products to meet your needs.
Title:
GPIB-410 User Manual
Edition Date:
March 1994
Part Number:
320053-01
Please comment on the completeness, clarity, and organization of the
manual.
(continues)
If you find errors in the manual, please record the page numbers and
describe the errors.
Thank you for your help.
Name
Title
Company
Address
Phone
(
)
Mail to:
Technical Publications
National Instruments Corporation
6504 Bridge Point Parkway, MS 53-02
Austin, TX 78730-5039
Fax to:
Technical Publications
National Instruments Corporation
MS 53-02
(512) 794-5678
Index
A
Acceptor Handshake Rate field, 4-31
Acceptor Handshaker mode (<Alt-A>), 3-10
<Alt-A> Acceptor Handshaker mode, 3-10
<Alt-C> Capture mode, 3-8, 4-4, 4-5
<Alt-D> DOS Shell function, 3-10
<Alt-E> Capture Echo mode, 3-8
<Alt-G> Generate mode, 3-9, 4-21
<Alt-I> DOS Shell + Icon function, 3-10
<Alt-L> Capture Load function, 4-5, 4-9, G-2
<Alt-M> Monitor Input mode, 3-9, 4-2
<Alt-R> Recapture function, 3-9
<Alt-S> Source Handshaker mode, 3-10
<Alt-T> Trigger mode, 3-9
<Alt-W> Capture Write function
File Setup: Buffer Range for <Alt-W> field, 4-8 to 4-9
File Setup: Capture File Name field, 4-9
saving capture information on disk, 4-5, G-1
Analyzer Window
areas of the screen, 3-4
Capture Display Screen, 3-6
Capture Settings Screen, 3-5
Configuration Settings Screen, 3-6
format of (illustration), 3-4
function key line, 3-5
general information display, 3-4
help/error bar, 3-5
Help Utility Screen, 3-7
illustration of, 3-2
Monitor/Analyzer Main Menu Screen, 3-1
Pattern Generator Screen, 3-6
Program Exit Screen, 3-7
selecting screens, 3-5
title/status bar, 3-4
Trigger Specification Screen, 3-6
ATN transition event, 4-6
Auto-Write Each Pass. See Buffer Setup: Auto-Write Each Pass field
© National Instruments Corp.
Index-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index
B
base I/O address configuration
Base I/O Address field, 4-28
overview, 2-1
Revision B.2 or higher, C-2 to C-4
Revision C, C-11 to C-12
Buffer Range for <Alt-W> field, 4-8 to 4-9, G-1
Buffer Setup: Action When Buffer Full field, 4-7 to 4-8
Buffer Setup: Auto-Write Each Pass field, 4-8, G-1
Buffer Setup: Maximum Capacity field, 4-7
C
capture data, saving and viewing. See saving and viewing capture data
Capture Display Screen
description of, 4-14 to 4-20
disabled in certain situations, 4-14
display window
fields, columns, and indicators, 4-15 to 4-17
using the display window, 4-18
illustration of, 4-14
overview, 3-6
selecting from Analyzer Window, 3-5
using the search utility, 4-19 to 4-20
Capture Echo mode (<Alt-E>), 3-8
Capture File Name field, 4-9
Capture Load function (<Alt-L>), 4-5, 4-9, G-2
Capture mode (<Alt-C>), 3-8
Capture Settings Screen
Buffer Setup: Action When Buffer Full field, 4-7 to 4-8
Buffer Setup: Auto-Write Each Pass field, 4-8, G-1
Buffer Setup: Maximum Capacity field, 4-7
Capture Stimulus field, 4-5 to 4-6
description of, 4-4 to 4-9
disabled in certain situations, 4-4
File Setup: Buffer Range for <Alt-W> field, 4-8 to 4-9
File Setup: Capture File Name field, 4-9
illustration of, 4-4
overview, 3-5
Participate in Handshake field, 4-7
selecting from Analyzer Window, 3-5
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index-2
© National Instruments Corp.
Index
Capture Settings Screen (continued)
starting the capture operation, 4-4
Capture Stimulus field, 4-5 to 4-6
EXTERNAL CLOCK PULSE option, 4-6
INTERNAL CLOCK PULSE option, 4-6
SELECTED GPIB EVENTS option, 4-6
Capture Write function (<Alt-W>)
File Setup: Buffer Range for <Alt-W> field, 4-8 to 4-9
File Setup: Capture File Name field, 4-9
saving the capture buffer on disk, 4-5, G-1
capturing data from the GPIB example, A-1 to A-7
Clear Switches When Done field, 4-22
COMMAND transfer event, 4-6
common problems, D-1 to D-4
Computer Display Mode field, 4-26 to 4-26
Computer Keyboard Mode field, 4-26
Computer Speaker Mode field, 4-27
configuration. See also Configuration Settings Screen
base I/O address
Revision B.2 or higher, C-2 to C-4
Revision C, C-11 to C-12
diagnostics for hardware configuration, 2-5
DMA channel
Revision B.2 or higher, C-5 to C-7
Revision C, C-13 to C-15
factory configuration parameters, 2-1 to 2-2
hardware configuration
procedure for, 2-1 to 2-2
Revision B.2 or higher, C-1 to C-9
Revision C, C-10 to C-17
interrupt level
Revision B.2 or higher, C-8
Revision C, C-16 to C-17
parts locator diagram
Revision B.2 or higher, C-2
Revision C, C-10
Save Current Configuration Before Exiting? field, 4-33
software configuration, C-18 to C-19
Configuration Settings Screen
Acceptor Handshake Rate field, 4-31
Base I/O Address field, 4-28
Computer Display Mode field, 4-26 to 4-26
Computer Keyboard Mode field, 4-26
Computer Speaker Mode field, 4-27
© National Instruments Corp.
Index-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index
Configuration Settings Screen (continued)
description of, 4-25 to 4-32
disabled in certain situations, 4-25
Help File Name field, 4-32
illustration of, 4-25
Input DMA Channel field, 4-28 to 4-29
Interrupt Jumper Setting field, 4-30
Output DMA Channel field, 4-29
overview, 3-6
selecting from Analyzer Window, 3-5
Source Handshake Rate field, 4-31 to 4-32
Status Refresh Rate field, 4-30
customer communication, ix, I-1
D
Data and Control Line Input (binary) field, 4-3
Data/Control Specification (Trigger Pattern) field, 4-12
Data Line Input (character) field, 4-3
Data Line Input (hexadecimal) field, 4-3
DATA transfer event, 4-6
diagnostics for hardware configuration, 2-5
direct input fields
numeric fields, 3-12
text fields, 3-12
display hardware, selecting, 4-26 to 4-26
display window
** OVERFLOW ** entry, 4-16 to 4-174-17
<< CONTROL >> field, 4-16
<< DATA >> field, 4-16
-C: field, 4-15 to 4-16
C column, 4-15
mnemonic interpretation of data bus lines, 4-16 to 4-17
Pg# indicator, 4-16
up or down arrow indicators, 4-16
up or down triangle indicators, 4-16
using the display window, 4-18
using the search utility, 4-19 to 4-20
DMA channel configuration
Input DMA Channel field, 4-28 to 4-29
Output DMA Channel field, 4-29
overview, 2-1
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Index
DMA channel configuration (continued)
Revision B.2 or higher, C-1 to C-9
Revision C, C-13 to C-15
documentation
abbreviations used in, viii
acronyms used in, viii
conventions used in, vii
related document, ix
DOS Shell + Icon function (<Alt-I>), 3-10 to 3-11
DOS Shell function (<Alt-D>), 3-10
E
equipment, optional, 1-3
examples. See tutorial
EXTERNAL CLOCK PULSE option, 4-6
F
File Setup: Buffer Range for <Alt-W> field, 4-8 to 4-9
File Setup: Capture File Name field, 4-9
flags for formatting captured data, G-4
FMT410 utility, G-2 to G-6
function key line, Analyzer Window, 3-5
G
general information display, Analyzer Window, 3-4
general input conventions, 3-11 to 3-14
direct input fields, 3-12
key select fields, 3-13
option ring fields, 3-13
overview, 3-11 to 3-12
Generate mode (<Alt-G>), 3-9, 4-21
GPIB-410
illustration of, 1-1
kit contents, 1-2
optional equipment, 1-3
overview, 1-1 to 1-2
specifications, 1-4
© National Instruments Corp.
Index-5
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index
GPIB-410 (continued)
unpacking, 1-3
GPIB software. See Analyzer Window; Monitor Window; names of specific
screens; operational modes and function; software
GPIB410.PAT source listing, F-1 to F-2
H
HANDSHAKE command (IBPGL), E-3 to E-4
handshaking
Acceptor Handshake Rate field, 4-31
<Alt-A> Acceptor Handshaker mode, 3-10
<Alt-S> Source Handshaker mode, 3-10
Participate in Handshake field, 4-7
Source Handshake Rate field, 4-31 to 4-32
hardware. See configuration; GPIB-410; installation; specifications
help/error bar, Analyzer Window, 3-5
Help File Name field, 4-32
Help Utility Screen
overview, 3-7
selecting from Analyzer Window, 3-5
I
IBPGL. See Interface Bus Pattern Generating Language (IBPGL)
IDY response event, 4-6
IEEE-488 mnemonics, 4-17
IFC status event, 4-6
Immediate-write function, G-1, H-1
INCLUDE command (IBPGL), E-4 to E-5
input window for pattern generation, E-7 to E-8
installation. See also configuration
hardware diagnostics, 2-5
hardware installation, 2-2 to 2-3
illustration of BNC I/O panels and cables, 2-4
software installation, 2-4 to 2-5
unpacking the GPIB-410, 1-3
interactive input window for pattern generation, E-7 to E-8
Interface Bus Pattern Generating Language (IBPGL)
execution control commands, E-2
HANDSHAKE command, E-3 to E-4
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index-6
© National Instruments Corp.
Index
Interface Bus Pattern Generating Language (IBPGL) (continued)
INCLUDE command, E-4 to E-5
pattern creation commands, E-1 to E-2
PAUSE command, E-5 to E-6
SET command, E-2 to E-3
tips and techniques, E-6
interface messages, multiline, B-1 to B-3
INTERNAL CLOCK PULSE option, 4-6
interrupt level configuration
Interrupt Jumper Setting field, 4-30
overview, 2-1
Revision B.2 or higher, C-8
Revision C, C-16 to C-17
J
jumpers and switches
base I/O address
Revision B.2 or higher, C-4
Revision C, C-12
DMA channel
Revision B.2 or higher, C-6 to C-7
Revision C, C-14 to C-15
interrupt level
Revision B.2 or higher, C-8
Revision C, C-16 to C-17
K
key select fields, 3-13
keyboard layout, selecting, 4-26
kit contents, 1-2
M
mnemonics
mnemonic interpretation of data bus lines, 4-16 to 4-17
multiline interface messages, B-1 to B-3
Monitor/Analyzer Main Menu Screen, 3-1
monitor hardware, selecting, 4-26 to 4-26
© National Instruments Corp.
Index-7
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index
Monitor Input mode (<Alt-M>), 3-9
Monitor Window
Data and Control Line Input (binary) field, 4-3
Data Line Input (character) field, 4-3
Data Line Input (hexadecimal) field, 4-3
description of, 3-3, 4-1 to 4-3
disabled in certain situations, 4-2
GPIB status indicators, 3-3
illustration of, 3-2, 4-1
LEDs and switches, 3-3, 4-2
Monitor/Analyzer Main Menu Screen, 3-1
multi-pass buffer option, 4-8
multiline interface messages, B-1 to B-3
N
No. of Times to Execute field, 4-22
numeric fields, 3-12
O
operational modes and functions
<Alt-A> Acceptor Handshaker, 3-10
<Alt-C> Capture, 3-8
<Alt-D> DOS Shell, 3-10
<Alt-E> Capture Echo, 3-8
<Alt-G> Generate, 3-9
<Alt-I> DOS Shell + Icon, 3-10
<Alt-M> Monitor Input, 3-9
<Alt-R> Recapture, 3-9
<Alt-S> Source Handshaker, 3-10
<Alt-T> Trigger, 3-9
list of, 3-8
option ring fields, 3-13
optional equipment, 1-3
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index-8
© National Instruments Corp.
Index
P
Participate in Handshake field, 4-7
Pattern Buffer Source field
COMMAND FILE option, 4-23
INPUT WINDOW option, 4-23 to 4-24
pattern generator. See also Trigger Specification Screen
GPIB410.PAT source listing, F-1 to F-2
input window method, E-7 to E-8
Interface Bus Pattern Generating Language
execution control commands, E-2
HANDSHAKE command, E-3 to E-4
INCLUDE command, E-4 to E-5
pattern creation commnands, E-1 to E-2
PAUSE command, E-5 to E-6
SET command, E-2 to E-3
tips and techniques, E-6
overview, E-1
triggering and pattern generating example, A-7 to A-13
Pattern Generator Screen
Clear Switches When Done field, 4-22
description of, 4-20 to 4-24
disabled in certain situations, 4-21
discrepancies during high-speed DMA operation, 4-21
illustration of, 4-20
No. of Times to Execute field, 4-22
overview, 3-6
Pattern Buffer Source field, 4-23 to 4-24
selecting from Analyzer Window, 3-5
Send EOI with Last Byte field, 4-22
starting the Pattern Generator, 4-21
Pattern Repetition Factor field, 4-12
PAUSE command (IBPGL), E-5 to E-6
problem solving, D-1 to D-4
Program Exit Screen
description of, 4-32 to 4-33
illustration of, 4-32
overview, 3-7
Save Current Configuration Before Exiting? field, 4-33
selecting from Analyzer Window, 3-5
Pulse Output Port field, 4-12
© National Instruments Corp.
Index-9
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index
R
Recapture function (<Alt-R>), 3-9
REN transition event, 4-6
revisions
difference between software revisions, H-1 to H-2
Revision B.2 hardware configuration, C-1 to C-9
Revision C hardware configuration, C-10 to C-19
run-time flags, G-4
S
Save Current Configuration Before Exiting? field, 4-33
saving and viewing capture data, G-1 to G-6
Auto-write function, G-1
Buffer Range for <Alt-W> field, G-1
Capture Load function, G-2
FMT410 utility, G-2 to G-6
Immediate-write function, G-1
run-time flags, G-4
search pattern definition window, 4-19 to 4-20
SELECTED GPIB EVENTS option, 4-6
Send EOI with Last Byte field, 4-22
SET command (IBPGL), E-2 to E-3
signal lines for DMA channels
Revision B.2 or higher, C-5
Revision C, C-13
single-pass buffer option, 4-7
software. See also Analyzer Window; Monitor Window; names of specific
screens; operational modes and function
configuration, C-18 to C-19
difference between revisions, H-1 to H-2
general input conventions, 3-11 to 3-14
direct input fields, 3-12
key select fields, 3-13
option ring fields, 3-13
overview, 3-11 to 3-12
installation, 2-4 to 2-5
specifications, 1-4
starting the GPIB-410 program, 3-1
Source Handshake Rate field, 4-31 to 4-32
Source Handshaker mode (<Alt-S>), 3-10
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index-10
© National Instruments Corp.
Index
speaker mode, selecting, 4-27
specifications
hardware specifications, 1-4
software specifications, 1-4
SRQ transition event, 4-6
Status Refresh Rate field, 4-30
switches. See jumpers and switches
T
technical support, ix, I-1
terminal hardware, selecting, 4-26 to 4-26
text fields, 3-12
title/status bar, Analyzer Window, 3-4
Trigger Action field, 4-13 to 4-14
GO TO label option, 4-13
STOP AND SOUND SPEAKER option, 4-14
TRIGGER WITH POSITION option, 4-13
Trigger mode (<Alt-T>), 3-9
Trigger Specification Screen
considerations for defining, 4-11
Data/Control Specification (Trigger Pattern) field, 4-12
description of, 4-9 to 4-14
disabled in certain situations, 4-10
illustration of, 4-10
overview, 3-6
Pattern Repetition Factor field, 4-12
Pulse Output Port field, 4-12
selecting from Analyzer Window, 3-5
specifying patterns, 4-10 to 4-11
Trigger Action field, 4-13 to 4-14
triggering and pattern generating example, A-7 to A-13
troubleshooting, D-1 to D-4
tutorial
capturing data from the GPIB, A-1 to A-7
triggering and pattern generating, A-7 to A-13
U
unpacking the GPIB-410, 1-3
© National Instruments Corp.
Index-11
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index
V
viewing capture data. See saving and viewing capture data
GPIB-410 User Manual
Index-12
© National Instruments Corp.