Download DELTA 4000 - Advanced Test Equipment Rentals


Contents
1 Introduction.................................................. 6
Introduction............................................................... 28
General.................................................................. 6
Oil circuit-breakers..................................................... 28
Principle of operation.............................................. 6
Air-blast circuit-breakers............................................. 30
SF6 Circuit-breakers.................................................... 31
Current, capacitance and dissipation factor
relationship............................................................. 7
Vacuum circuit breakers............................................. 32
Connections for UST/GST Configurations................ 8
Oil circuit reclosers..................................................... 33
Air magnetic circuit-breakers...................................... 33
2 Interpretation of measurements.............. 10
Rotating machines................................................ 33
Significance of capacitance and
dissipation factor.................................................. 10
Cables.................................................................. 35
Dissipation factor (Power factor) of typical
apparatus insulation............................................. 11
Introduction............................................................... 35
Permittivity and % DF of typical insulating
materials............................................................... 11
Test procedure........................................................... 36
Significance of temperature.................................. 12
Liquids.................................................................. 37
Significance of humidity........................................ 13
Test procedure........................................................... 37
Surface leakage.................................................... 13
Miscellaneous assemblies and components........... 37
Electrostatic interference....................................... 14
High-Voltage turns-ratio measurements................ 38
Negative dissipation factor.................................... 14
Connected bus work, cables etc................................. 14
3 Testing power system components.......... 16
Transformers......................................................... 16
Introduction............................................................... 16
Definitions................................................................. 16
Surge (lightning) arresters..................................... 35
Test connections......................................................... 36
Test results................................................................. 36
Test procedure........................................................... 38
Temperature considerations........................................ 38
Index.............................................................. 40
References............................................................ 42
Appendix A
Temperature correction tables..................... 44
Two-winding transformers......................................... 16
Three-winding transformers....................................... 18
Autotransformers....................................................... 19
Transformer excitation current tests............................ 19
Shunt reactors............................................................ 21
Potential transformers................................................ 21
Current transformers.................................................. 21
Voltage regulators...................................................... 21
Dry-type transformers................................................ 22
Bushings............................................................... 22
Introduction............................................................... 22
Definitions................................................................. 22
Bushing troubles........................................................ 24
Bushing tests.............................................................. 24
Inverted tap to center conductor test C1 (UST)........... 26
Power and dissipation factor & capacitance test C2.... 26
Hot collar test............................................................ 27
Spare bushing tests.................................................... 27
Circuit breakers..................................................... 28
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DELTA 4000
ZM-AH02E