Download AFM Handbook - Section for Nanostructure Physics

Contents
1.
Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2.
About this handbook ........................................................................................................................................ 1
What is an Atomic Force Microscope? ............................................................................................................ 1
Scanning Probe Microscopy ............................................................................................................................ 2
Atomic Force Microscopy ................................................................................................................................ 3
AFM cantilevers ............................................................................................................................................... 4
Imaging modes .....................................................................................................................................5
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
3.
Feedback and imaging control ......................................................................................................................... 5
Amplitude feedback in dynamic modes ........................................................................................................... 5
Another way of thinking about imaging modes ................................................................................................ 6
Operation ......................................................................................................................................................... 8
Phase imaging ................................................................................................................................................. 9
Force adjustment in imaging modes .............................................................................................................. 10
Applications ................................................................................................................................................... 11
Force spectroscopy ............................................................................................................................12
3.1
3.2
3.3
4.
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 12
Data processing for analysis .......................................................................................................................... 13
Applications ................................................................................................................................................... 16
More about cantilevers .......................................................................................................................18
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
5.
General points ............................................................................................................................................... 18
Handling information ...................................................................................................................................... 18
Cantilever types for different imaging modes ................................................................................................. 19
Tip modification ............................................................................................................................................. 20
Spring constant .............................................................................................................................................. 21
Cell imaging ........................................................................................................................................24
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
6.
AFM in relation to other cell imaging techniques ........................................................................................... 24
Sample preparation ....................................................................................................................................... 25
Imaging modes .............................................................................................................................................. 27
Critical imaging parameters ........................................................................................................................... 28
Using the oscilloscope to optimize the imaging parameters .......................................................................... 28
Artifacts.......................................................................................................................................................... 30
Single molecule imaging .....................................................................................................................31
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
7.
Preparation is key .......................................................................................................................................... 31
Imaging hints – intermittent contact mode in liquid ........................................................................................ 33
Imaging hints - contact mode in liquid............................................................................................................ 34
Imaging hints – imaging in air ........................................................................................................................ 35
Simple DNA protocol for imaging tests .......................................................................................................... 35
Artifacts ...............................................................................................................................................37
7.1
7.2
7.3
Tip shape issues ............................................................................................................................................ 37
Artifacts from damaged tips ........................................................................................................................... 38
Contamination ............................................................................................................................................... 39
JPK Instruments
NanoWizard® Handbook
Version 2.2a
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