Download Francis - Thesis 2008

Table of Contents
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………........ i
Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………………. ii
Table of contents ………………………………………………………………....... iii
List of figures ………………………………………………………….………....... vi
List of tables ………………………………………………………….………......... ix
Glossary of symbols and abbreviations...……………………………….…………... x
1. Introduction …………………………………………………………………........1
1.1 Introduction to speckle interferometry ……………………………………..2
1.2 Fringe analysis ……………………………………………………………..4
1.3 Aims of the work presented in this thesis…………………………………..6
1.4 Structure of the thesis …………………………………………………........7
References ……………………………………………………………………...9
2. Speckle Interferometry …………………………………………………………10
2.1 Laser speckle ………………………………………………….…………..10
2.2 Electronic speckle pattern interferometry ………………………………...12
2.2.1 Out-of-plane ESPI ………………………………………………...12
2.2.2 In-plane ESPI …………………...………………………………...14
2.2.3 Multi-component ESPI ……………………………………………15
2.2.4 Fibre-optic ESPI ………………………………………………….15
2.3 Shearography ……………………………………………………………..16
2.3.1 Single measurement channel shearography ……………………...17
2.3.2 Multiple component shearography ……………………………….21
2.4 Digital speckle photography ……………………………………………...25
2.5 Shape and slope measurement ………………………………………........28
2.6 Vibration measurement …………………………………………………...29
2.7 The use of pulsed lasers in speckle interferometry ……………………….32
2.8 Applications …………………………………………………………........33
2.9 Summary ………………………………………………………………….35
References …………………………………………………………………….37
3. Phase Analysis Techniques …………………………………………………….42
3.1 Temporal phase stepping …………………………………………............42
3.1.1 Phase stepping techniques ………………………………………..42
3.1.2 Phase stepping algorithms …………………...…………………...43
3.1.3 Phase stepping in speckle interferometry ………………………...46
3.2 Spatial phase stepping …………………………………………………….46
3.2.1 Single camera phase stepping systems …………………………...47
3.3 Spatial carrier techniques …………………………………………….......50
3.3.1 The Takeda method ………………………………………............50
3.3.2 The phase subtraction method ……………………………….......53
3.3.3 Carrier fringe generation …………………………………….......55
3.4 Filtering techniques ……………………………………………………….58
3.4.1 Low pass and high pass filtering …………………………………58
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