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User’s Manual
Model ES 310
MOTION ANALYSIS SYSTEMS DIVISION
EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
Motion Analysis Sytems Division
11633 Sorrento Valley Rd.
San Diego California 92121-1097
800-854-7006
KODAK and MEGAPLUS are trademarks.
© Copyright Eastman Kodak Company, 1998
91000086-001 Rev. A
Printed in U.S.A.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1.1
How to Use This Manual .................................................................................. 1.2
Warranty ........................................................................................................... 1.3
Precautions ........................................................................................................ 1.4
CHAPTER 2. CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS
Camera .............................................................................................................. 2.1
Camera Rear Panel ............................................................................................ 2.2
Cables ................................................................................................................ 2.4
Hardware Setup ................................................................................................. 2.5
Routine Maintenance ........................................................................................ 2.6
CHAPTER 3. CAMERA OPERATION
Introduction ....................................................................................................... 3.1
Serial Interface Protocol ................................................................................... 3.2
Using RS485 Multi-Drop .................................................................................. 3.4
Selecting Video Output Options ....................................................................... 3.6
Selecting an Operating Mode ............................................................................ 3.8
Setting Exposure Time ...................................................................................... 3.10
Selecting a Trigger Mode .................................................................................. 3.13
Controlling Camera Black Level ...................................................................... 3.14
Setting Camera Gain ......................................................................................... 3.15
Saving Camera Configurations ......................................................................... 3.16
Displaying a Test Pattern .................................................................................. 3.17
Query Commands ............................................................................................. 3.18
CHAPTER 4. INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS
AIA Interface Connector ................................................................................... 4.1
Cable Descriptions ............................................................................................ 4.3
Timing Waveforms ........................................................................................... 4.5
Specifications .................................................................................................... 4.7
Chapter 1. Introduction
Introduction
How to Use This Manual
Warranty
Precautions
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
The KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera, Model ES 310 is intended for machine
vision, medical imaging, and many other applications. The camera package is
compact and is operated through a connection to a host computer. The AIA
interface connector, located on the camera’s rear panel, sends digital output video
to the computer and receives control commands from the computer.
Featuring an interline Charge Coupled Device (CCD) sensor array, the camera has
648(H) x 484 (V) light sensitive elements (pixels). These pixels are 9 microns
square and have a center to center spacing of 9 microns with a 60 % fill ratio.
The camera operates continuously or in a triggered mode. Exposure times as
short as 94 microseconds are possible with the camera’s electronic shutter and
the frame rate is unaffected by the exposure time in continuous mode. The
camera has a dual output channel data rate of 20 MHz, with the fastest full frame
rate being 85 frames per second. Faster frame rates are possible in some operating modes. The camera can be connected to many commercially available frame
grabber boards capable of handling eight bits of digital video data, and requires
only eight watts of power.
1.1
How to Use This Manual
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
Chapter one describes this User’s Manual, a warranty statement and some
general precautions to observe when operating this product.
CHAPTER 2. CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS
Chapter two explains the function of the controls and connectors of the
MEGAPLUS Camera.
CHAPTER 3. SETUP AND OPERATION
Chapter three contains the commands used to operate the camera. The camera is
remotely operated by entering commands into a computer connected to the
camera.
CHAPTER 4. INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS
Chapter four details the signals carried by the AIA interface connector including
timing waveforms.
1.2
Warranty
New Equipment Warranty
KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera
EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, MOTION ANALYSIS SYSTEMS DIVISION, WARRANTS THIS KODAK MEGAPLUS CAMERA AND ACCESSORIES MANUFACTURED BY EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, TO FUNCTION PROPERLY FOR ONE YEAR FROM THE DATE OF SHIPMENT.
Kodak agrees to perform the following equipment warranty services in the
United States.
1. Repair service: If shipped to us, repairs will be made at no charge.
2. Parts replacement: Replacement parts installed under warranty will be
provided at no charge.
THIS WARRANTY DOES NOT APPLY UNDER THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS:
•
Failure to operate the KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera in accordance with
Kodak’s written instructions, including environmental specifications
listed in the User’s Manual.
•
If there is evidence of the KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera being subjected to accidental damage, misuse or abuse.
•
If the KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera has been repaired or tampered with
by persons other than Kodak personnel, customer personnel trained by
Kodak or without permission of Kodak.
•
Shipping damage is not covered by this warranty. The purchaser has the
responsibility to place a claim of damage in shipment with the carrier.
KODAK MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR OF MERCHANTABILITY FOR THIS EQUIPMENT. IF THIS KODAK MEGAPLUS CAMERA
DOES NOT FUNCTION PROPERLY DURING THE WARRANTY PERIOD, KODAK
WILL REPAIR IT WITHOUT CHARGE ACCORDING TO THE TERMS STATED
ABOVE. REPAIR WITHOUT CHARGE IS KODAK’S ONLY OBLIGATION UNDER
THIS WARRANTY. KODAK WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE SALE, USE OR IMPROPER FUNCTIONING OF THIS EQUIPMENT EVEN IF LOSS OR DAMAGE IS
CAUSED BY THE NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER FAULT OF KODAK.
KODAK and MEGAPLUS are trademarks.
© Copyright Eastman Kodak Company, 1998
1.3
Precautions
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION STATEMENTS
WARNING: This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual,
may cause interference to radio communications. It has been tested and found to
comply with the limits for a Class “A” computing device pursuant to Subpart B
of Part 15 of the FCC Rules and VDE 0871 Class “B”, which are designed to
provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a
commercial environment. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is
likely to cause interference in which case the user at his own expense will be
required to take whatever measures may be required to correct the interference.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules and VDE 0871. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful
interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
CAUTION
A laser beam focused on the sensor, either directly or by specular reflection, can
cause permanent damage to the sensor. Any laser powerful enough to produce
localized heating at the surface of the sensor will cause damage, even if the
camera power is off. A sensor damaged by laser light is not covered by the
warranty.
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
The KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera is designed to operate satisfactorily in an
environment where the ambient temperature is between 0 and 40 degrees Centigrade (32 and 104 degrees Fahrenheit), and there is no water condensation
present.
STORAGE TEMPERATURE
Do not store the equipment in an area where the temperature will drop below -25
degrees or exceed 80 degrees Centigrade (-13 to 176 degrees Fahrenheit). Do
not allow moisture to condense on the system.
SHIPPING
When shipping, use the shipping carton in which the unit was originally delivered. Do not ship the equipment in a cargo area where the temperature will drop
below -25 degrees or exceed 80 degrees Centigrade (-13 to 176 degrees Fahrenheit). Do not allow moisture to condense on the system.
1.4
Chapter 2. Controls and Connectors
Camera
Camera Rear Panel
Cables
Hardware Setup
Routine Maintenance
Camera
MOUNTING THE CAMERA
The KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera has a 1/4-20 threaded screw hole for
mounting on the bottom of the camera body. There is a second hole,
0.228 inches in diameter, to accommodate a locating pin.
ATTACHING THE LENS
The KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera uses a C-mount lens. To mount the
lens, screw the lens clockwise into the adapter until you are no longer
able to turn the lens with light pressure.
NOTE
A lens cap is installed and shipped with each camera to keep dust from getting
on the optical sensor or components. Remove the lens cap and install your lens
in a dust free environment.
2.1
Camera Rear Panel
The mating connector for the DC power input is manufactured by LEMO
as part number FGG.0B.302.CLAD42
Power
AIA
Video
STROBE
TRIGGER
TRIGGER
A coaxial SMA type connector that accepts CMOS TTL signal inputs with a
threshold of approximately 2.5 volts. The trigger pulse should have a duration of
at least 100 nanoseconds and be transmitted to the camera using a coaxial cable
terminated at the camera. The camera synchronizes to an external event using
this input. The operator can set the polarity of the trigger signal that the camera
will respond to. Timing waveforms are shown on page 4.5, and 4.6 of this manual.
STROBE
A coaxial SMA type connector that outputs a TTL compatible signal. The strobe
output pulse should be transmitted through a 50 ohm coaxial cable with a 50 ohm
terminating resistor at the receiving end. The leading edge of this output signal
can be used to fire a strobe light. The output signal polarity is user definable.
See timing Waveforms in chapter four of this manual.
2.2
Camera Rear Panel
DC POWER INPUT
This two pin connector is the power input for the camera. The power
supply voltage should be between 12 and 28 volts DC measured at the
connector on the camera rear panel. The current draw is a maximum of
0.8 amps at the lowest input supply voltage and 0.3 amps at the highest
input supply voltage.
WARNING
Reversing the polarity of the DC voltage input or voltage levels in excess of 30
volts may permanently damage the camera.
AIA INTERFACE
This is a 68 pin, high density, dual row, D type connector that connects
the camera to a frame grabber board and a serial communication interface for camera control. The frame grabber board processes and displays
digital 0video from the camera. A complete technical description of the
connector and the signals that it carries is contained in chapter four of
this manual.
VIDEO OUTPUT
A BNC type connector provides a 1 volt peak to peak video signal output. This
output is intended to drive a coaxial cable terminated in 75 ohm to ground at the
receiving end. The video output can be user configured for CCIR or RS170
video standards. See the VFR command on page 3.6 of this manual.
2.3
Cables
There are three different cables available to connect the MEGAPLUS Camera to
your computer.
68 Pin Male
Connector
68 Pin Connector
Mates with camera
68 Pin Connector
Mates with camera
RS232
Cable
RS485
Cable
Female 9 Pin
D-subminiature
mates with
RS485
Control Line
Cable
68 Pin Male
Connector
56
0XOWL'URS
&DEOH
2.4
Male 68 Pin Connector
mates with RS422
Frame Grabber
56
&DEOH
Male 68 Pin
Connector
mates with
Frame Grabber
56
&DEOH
Female 9 Pin
D-subminiature
mates with
Computer
COM port
Hardware Setup
CONNECT THE CABLES
Install the cables as illustrated in component hookup diagram.
COMPONENT HOOKUP DIAGRAM
2.5
Routine Maintenance
There are no user serviceable parts in the camera. The camera must be returned
to the factory for repair if a malfunction occurs.
The lens and the sensor cover glass should be cleaned using dust free compressed air.
Clean the exterior of the camera with a soft dry cloth. You may dampen a soft
cloth with a mild soap solution for stubborn dirt.
2.6
Chapter 3. Camera Operation
Introduction
Serial Interface Protocol
Using RS485 Multi-Drop
Selecting Video Output Options
Selecting an Operating Mode
Setting Exposure Time
Selecting a Trigger Mode
Controlling Camera Black Level
Setting Camera Gain
Saving Camera Configurations
Displaying a Test Pattern
Query Commands
Introduction
The KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera, Model ES 310, does not have any manual
controls. Camera operation is accomplished by commands sent to the camera
through a serial data link from a personal computer. In this chapter we will
present the various operating modes of the camera with an explanation of the
function followed by the command sequence that must be transmitted by the
computer. The camera serial data link is configurable as RS232 or RS422/
RS485. The command syntax is the same in either case.
A list of the camera functions, their commands, and the page where an explanation of each function can be found follows:
Function
Command
Page
Set Communications Port ..............................SCP ........................................... 3.3
RS485 Multi-Drop Address Set ....................ADR ......................................... 3.4
RS485 Multi-Drop Select ..............................MDD ........................................ 3.5
RS485 Multi-Drop, Log Camera ..................LOG ......................................... 3.5
Analog Video Output ....................................VID ........................................... 3.6
Analog Video Output Format ....................... VFR .......................................... 3.6
Alternate Row Select ....................................ALT .......................................... 3.6
Block Readout Mode ....................................BLK .......................................... 3.7
Block Start ..................................................... BST .......................................... 3.7
Block End ......................................................BSP ........................................... 3.7
Mode .............................................................MDE ......................................... 3.9
Frame Rate Select ......................................... FRS ........................................... 3.9
Exposure ........................................................EXE .......................................... 3.10
Auto Expose Select ....................................... AEX ......................................... 3.10
Auto Expose Video Level ............................. SET ........................................... 3.10
Auto Expose Vertical Address ...................... AXX ......................................... 3.11
Auto Expose Horizontal Address ..................AXY ......................................... 3.12
Trigger ........................................................... TRS, TRM, TRE ...................... 3.13
Black Level ................................................... BKE .......................................... 3.14
Black Level Balance .....................................BKB ......................................... 3.14
Digital Gain ................................................... DGN ......................................... 3.15
Gain Balance .................................................GAB ......................................... 3.15
Strobe Polarity ............................................... STP ........................................... 3.15
Restore Factory Settings ...............................RFS ........................................... 3.16
Save ............................................................... SAV .......................................... 3.16
Reset ..............................................................RST .......................................... 3.16
Display Wedge .............................................. WDG ........................................ 3.17
Status Query ..................................................STS ........................................... 3.18
Identification Query ......................................IDN ........................................... 3.18
3.1
Serial Interface Protocol
SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOL
The camera uses a full duplex UART type asynchronous system, using standard
nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) format (one start bit, eight data bits, one stop bit, no
parity). The baud rate is fixed at 9600. The character code is based on the
ASCII standard.
The character flow control protocol is XON/XOFF. XON is assigned DC1
(control-Q) and XOFF is assigned DC3 (control-S). The receiver sends the
XOFF character when it wants the sender to pause in sending data and an XON
character when it wants the sender to resume.
The camera will recognize a command as three command characters, followed by
a space character, followed by an argument that consists of one or more characters, ended by the carriage return and line feed characters. The camera responds
to a valid command with a carriage return and line feed (CR-LF)
The camera will recognize a query as three command characters followed by the
question mark character, then ended by the carriage return character.
The camera responds to a query with three command characters, followed by a
space bar character, followed by an argument that consists of one or more
characters, then ended by carriage return and line feed (CR-LF).
ERROR MESSAGES
The camera can respond to an erroneous command or query in one of four
possible ways.
Message from camera
Explanation
ERROR-SYNTAX
The camera cannot make sense of the command.
ERROR-ARG RANGE
The command is recognized but the argument is out
of range or indecipherable.
ERROR-TRANSMISSION The receiver detected a transmission error such as
buffer overflow, parity, or framing.
ERROR-MULTIDROP
CONFIGURATION
NOTE
3.2
The command was recognized but conflicts with
current multidrop settings
In the following text the command and argument that are sent to the camera are
in bold type. The carriage return and line feed at the end of each command are
not shown as they are required in every instance.
Serial Interface Protocol
SETTING SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS MODE
The camera can use either an RS232 or an RS422/RS485 connection for serial
communication, but your host computer must have both RS232 and RS422/
RS485 communications capability to use this command.
NOTE
Type In:
Response
Explanation
SCP 232
CR-LF
Sets the camera serial port to respond to RS232 signals.
SCP 422
SCP?
CR-LF
Sets the camera serial port to respond to RS422 signals.
Queries the COM port setting.
SCP x
Means the COM mode is set to x.
RS422 and RS485 signal levels and connections are the same. Only two devices
can communicate using RS422 electronic driver circuits. Multiple devices can
be connected together using RS485 electronic driver circuits, as illustrated by
Multi-Drop on the next pages.
Procedure
Assuming you are using an RS232 connection, type in SCP 422. With power still
applied to the camera, disconnect the RS232 cable and substitute an RS422/RS485
connection. Type in SAV to lock in the RS422 option. The camera ignores the
SCP command if power is turned off before the SAV command is entered.
3.3
Using RS485 Multi-Drop
RS485 MULTI-DROP, ADDRESS SET
This command is invalid when multi-drop mode is on (see below). Assign an
address to a camera with this command and then execute a SAV command (page
3.15). The camera’s address will default to zero when it’s power is turned off if
you do not issue a save command after changing a camera’s address. The
address is used to send a camera commands when in RS485 multi-drop mode.
Type In:
ADR x
Response
CR-LF
Explanation
Where x must be a unique address for each camera
connected to your RS485 network. An address must
be an integer between 0 and 99. Cameras are shipped
from the factory with their address set to 0.
ADR?
Queries a camera for its address setting.
ADR x
Means the camera address is set to x.
RS485 MULTI-DROP SELECT
Use this command to turn the multi-drop mode on or off. This command should be
used when you are connected to only one camera, at the same time you assign a
camera its address, for example. This command is not valid if you are using an
RS232 communications link. When multi-drop mode is on, all cameras connected
to the RS485 communications link listen for commands, however only the camera
addressed by the last LOG command will respond to commands.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
MDD OF
CR-LF
Turns multi-drop mode off.
MDD ON
CR-LF
Turns multi-drop mode on.
MDD?
Queries the multi-drop mode setting.
MDD x
Multi-Drop is set to x
LOG CAMERA RS485 MULTI-DROP
The log command instructs a specific camera to respond to subsequent commands. The camera addressed with the LOG command is the only camera that
will respond to serial commands until you use the LOG command to address
another camera. This command is invalid when multi-drop mode is off.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
LOG x
CR-LF
Where x is the address of the camera that you want
to respond to all subsequent commands. The address range is from 0 to 99.
Use the ADR? command to get the address of the
currently logged camera.
3.4
Using RS485 Multi-Drop
Procedure
1. Switch each camera to RS422 operation using the procedure detailed on page
3.3 of this manual.
2. Give each camera a unique address using the ADR and SAV commands.
Assign the camera that will be furthest away from the host computer an
address of 99. When you are using multi-drop communications the camera
furthest away from the host computer must have resistive terminators connected to the RS485 signal lines. Setting the last camera’s address to 99
connects internal termination resistors to the RS485 lines of that camera.
3. Use the MDD ON command to turn multi-drop mode on prior to connecting
a camera to a network like the one illustrated at the bottom of this page.
Each computer has a frame grabber board to process the images from the
camera connected to it. Personal computer number one is controlling all of
the cameras through its RS485 I/O card.
3.5
Selecting Video Output Options
ANALOG VIDEO OUTPUT
This command controls the analog video output on the rear panel of the camera.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
VID ON
CR-LF
Turns the analog video output on.
VID OF
CR-LF
Turns the analog video output off.
VID?
Queries the analog video output status.
VID x
Indicates the current video output status.
ANALOG VIDEO OUTPUT FORMAT
This command causes the analog video output on the rear panel of the camera to
conform to the CCIR or RS170 video specification. The CCIR specification is in
general use outside the United States with the RS170 specification being the U.
S. television standard. The CCIR specification defines a vertical resolution of
625 lines and a vertical refresh rate of 50 Hz. The RS170 video standard requires
a vertical resolution of 525 lines and a vertical refresh rate of 60 Hz.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
VFR NTS
CR-LF
Sets the analog video output to RS170 (NTSC).
VFR PAL
CR-LF
Sets the analog video output to CCIR (PAL).
VID?
Queries the analog video output status.
VFR x
Indicates the current video output format.
ALTERNATE ROW SELECT
This command causes the sensor to output every other row of pixels during frame
readout. With only 242 rows of valid video data the picture height will be
reduced by half. The advantage of this mode of operation is an increase in frame
rate from 85 frames per second (fps) to roughly 133 fps.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
ALT ON
CR-LF
Turns the alternate row mode on.
ALT OF
CR-LF
Turns the alternate row mode off.
ALT?
Queries alternate row mode status.
ALT x
3.6
Indicates the current alternate row mode status.
Selecting Video Output Options
BLOCK READOUT MODE
You can choose a portion of the image to readout that is defined by the block start
and block stop commands. The minimum block size is 17 rows. The block size
changes the effective fame rate, smaller blocks take less time to read out. Block
readout mode can be used along with alternate row readout for higher frame rates.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
BLK ON
CR-LF
Turns the block readout mode on.
BLK OF
CR-LF
Turns the block readout mode off.
BLK?
Queries block readout mode status.
BLK x
Indicates the current block readout mode status.
BLOCK START
Defines the starting row for block readout mode. The default value is 1 and the
maximum number is 225.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
BST x
CR-LF
Sets the row number for the top of the read out
block. Where x is a number between 1 and 225 with
1 as the default value
BST?
Queries block readout starting row number.
BST x
Indicates the current block starting number.
BLOCK STOP
Defines the ending row for block readout mode. The default value is 242 and the
minimum number is 18. The block stop number must be seventeen or more rows
greater than the block start number.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
BSP x
CR-LF
Sets the row number for the bottom of the read out
block. Where x is a number between 18 and 242
with 242 as the default value
BSP?
Queries block readout ending row number.
BSP x
Indicates the current block ending number.
3.7
Selecting an Operating Mode
MODE CONTROL
The KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera operates in one of four modes, continuous,
control, trigger, or retriggered. The mode of operation is selected by the mode
command.
Continuous
The camera can take pictures at 15, 25, 30, 50, 60, and 85 frames per second
(fps). The frame rate is set by the FRS command, The default frame rate is
30 fps. The exposure time range is from 94 microseconds to one divided by the
frame rate. For example, the maximum exposure is 11 milliseconds at 85 fps.
The camera can be synchronized to an external trigger source through the Trigger
input on the rear panel of the camera or the EXPOSE input of the AIA interface
connector. The trigger input frequency must be between 84.5 and 85.5 Hz. If the
camera is not externally triggered its frame rate will be 84.5 fps. When multiple
cameras are driven from the same trigger source they will be synchronized to
each other within ± 100 nanoseconds. The digital video output pauses for one
row time at the time the exposure starts for the next frame. See continuous mode
timing diagram in chapter 4 for details.
Control
The start and exposure time of each image is controlled directly by the user.
Control is accomplished by the EXPOSE input pins in the AIA interface connector or the trigger input on the rear panel of the camera. The exposure time is
equal to the time the EXPOSE input signal is true. The frame rate is inversely
proportional to the exposure plus readout time. The exposure time can be as long
as needed, but at room temperatures dark field nonuniformities become more
noticeable with increasing exposure times.
Trigger
Each exposure is started by a signal connected to the EXPOSE input pins of the
AIA interface connector or the trigger input on the rear panel of the camera. The
exposure command sets the exposure time. An exposure starts 20 microseconds
(± 100 nanoseconds) after the active edge of the trigger pulse and ends after the
exposure time set by the EXE command. The active edge of the trigger pulse is
selected using the TRM command.
The EXPOSE input sets the start time for each frame of video. The camera will
ignore additional EXPOSE signals until it completes the current exposure. The
trigger mode of operation is used to capture a single image or sequence of
images.
3.8
Selecting an Operating Mode
Retriggered
Each exposure is started by a signal connected to the EXPOSE input pins of the
AIA interface connector or the trigger input on the rear panel of the camera. The
exposure command sets the exposure time. An exposure starts 20 microseconds
(± 100 nanoseconds) after the active edge of the trigger pulse and ends after the
exposure time set by the EXE command, unless another trigger is received. The
active edge of the trigger pulse is selected using the TRM command.
The EXPOSE input sets the start time for each frame of video, even if the preceding frame readout is not complete. An EXPOSE signal stops the current frame,
outputs the video data to that point, and then starts a new frame.
MODE
Use this command to set the camera mode of operation.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
MDE CS
MDE CD
MDE TR
MDE RT
CR-LF
CR-LF
CR-LF
CR-LF
Sets the mode to continuous.
Sets the mode to controlled.
Sets the mode to trigger.
Sets the mode to retriggered.
MDE?
Queries the current mode setting.
MDE xx
Means the mode is set as indicated.
FRAME RATE SELECT
The camera may operate in several different frame rates specified in frames per
second (fps)
Type In:
Response
Explanation
FRS 15
FRS 25
FRS 30
FRS 50
FRS 60
FRS 85
CR-LF
CR-LF
CR-LF
CR-LF
CR-LF
CR-LF
Sets the camera frame rate to 15 fps.
Sets the camera frame rate to 25 fps.
Sets the camera frame rate to 30 fps.
Sets the camera frame rate to 50 fps.
Sets the camera frame rate to 60 fps.
Sets the camera frame rate to 85 fps.
FRS?
Queries the camera frame rate setting.
FRS xx
Where xx is the frame rate in continuous mode. The
frame rate is modified by alternate row readout and
block mode readout. The modified frame rate is
calculated in the camera, and reported when a FRS?
query is received.
3.9
Setting Exposure Time
EXPOSURE
This command sets the camera exposure time. Enter an exposure time value
between 94 microseconds, and about (1/frame rate), in milliseconds, when you
are in continuous mode. The maximum exposure time is 96 milliseconds in
trigger and retrigger modes. The camera picks a valid exposure time closest to
the value you entered. The exposure time setting is not valid in control mode.
The exposure time range is affected by the alternate row and block mode settings.
Type In
Response
Explanation
EXE xx.xxx CR-LF
Sets the exposure time in milliseconds
EXE?
Queries the current exposure setting.
EXE xx.xxx Where xx.xxx is the exposure time expressed in
milliseconds.
AUTO EXPOSE SELECT
The camera adjusts its exposure time to hold a user set video level as scene
illumination changes. The camera takes a digital video sample within an exposure window. The exposure window is a 128 pixels wide by 256 rows high. The
user can set the location of the exposure window or accept the default location
near the center of the image. The average amplitude of the video in the exposure
window is then used to control the exposure time.
Type In
Response
Explanation
AEX ON
CR-LF
Turns auto expose on, holding the video in the
exposure window to the value selected by the SET
command.
AEX OF
CR-LF
Turns auto expose off.
AEX CAL
CR-LF
The camera checks the video level within the exposure window, and then turns on the auto exposure
function to maintain that video level, rather than
using the level selected by the SET command.
AEX?
Queries the auto expose status.
AEX x
NOTE
3.10
Means that auto expose is set to x.
When you are using alternate row and/or block readout modes avoid having black
pixels fall inside the exposure window. Black areas inside the exposure window
will cause errors in the auto exposure process. Adjust the block start and stop
values or the exposure window position so that only valid video data is sampled
for the auto exposure function.
Setting Exposure Time
AUTO EXPOSE VIDEO LEVEL
Sets the target video level for the auto expose function. Video level ranges from
0 at black to 127 for white.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
SET xxx
CR-LF
Sets the target video level to xxx with a range
between 0 and 127.
SET?
Queries the camera for the current target video level.
SET xxx
Means that the target video level is set as indicated.
AUTO EXPOSE VERTICAL ADDRESS
Sets the vertical location of the top edge of the 256 rows high exposure window.
The auto expose function samples every other row so the image heighth becomes
242, and the exposure window becomes 128 high. The default value of 55 places
the exposure window near the center of the image, top to bottom.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
AXY yyy
CR-LF
Sets the vertical row address for the upper left corner
of the exposure window. The default value is 55 and
the range of values is from 1 to 114.
AXY?
Queries the camera for the current sample box
vertical location.
AXY yyy
Where yyy is the auto expose vertical address.
648 pixels
255 pixels
128 pixels
265 pixels
Auto
Exposure
Window
Actual picture height
is 484 rows. Auto
Exposure uses every
other row when
positioning the Auto
Exposure Window
for a row pair count
of 242.
55 row pairs
242 row pairs
128 row pairs
59 row pairs
3.11
Setting Exposure Time
AUTO EXPOSE HORIZONTAL ADDRESS
Sets the horizontal location of the left hand edge of the 128 pixel wide exposure
window. The default value of 255 puts the exposure window near the center of
the image, left to right.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
AXX xxx
CR-LF
Sets the horizontal pixel address for the upper left
corner of the exposure window. The default value is
255 and the range of values is from 1 to 517.
AXX?
Queries the camera for the current sample box
horizontal location.
AXX xxx
3.12
Where xxx is the auto expose horizontal address.
Selecting a Trigger Mode
TRIGGER
This command selects the trigger source and polarity. There are two trigger
inputs, the SMA connector labeled Trigger, and the EXPOSE input carried by the
AIA interface connector, on the rear panel of the camera.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
TRS AIA
CR-LF
Selects the AIA interface connector EXPOSE signal
as the trigger source.
TRS EXT
CR-LF
Selects the trigger connector on the rear panel as the
trigger source.
TRS?
Queries the trigger source.
TRM P
CR-LF
A positive going edge at the EXPOSE input of the
AIA interface connector will start an exposure. This
command automatically enables the EXPOSE input
if it was disabled.
TRM N
CR-LF
A negative going edge at the EXPOSE input of the
AIA interface connector will start an exposure. This
command automatically enables the EXPOSE input
if it was disabled.
TRM?
Queries current EXPOSE polarity.
TRM P
Means a positive going edge at the EXPOSE input
triggers the camera.
TRM N
Means a negative going edge at the EXPOSE input
triggers the camera.
TRM O
Means EXPOSE input port has been disabled. This
can only occur if TRE 0 or TRE 1 has been executed.
TRE 0
CR-LF
Forces the EXPOSE signal true and disables the
EXPOSE input. Use the TRM command to enable
the EXPOSE input. Control mode only.
TRE 1
CR-LF
Forces the EXPOSE signal false and disables the
EXPOSE input. Use the TRM command to enable
the EXPOSE input. Control mode only.
TRE?
Queries current state of TRIGGER command.
TRE 0
TRE 1
Means an exposure is taking place.
Means the camera is in the transfer frame and then
idle state.
3.13
Controlling Camera Black Level
BLACK LEVEL
The black level control functions much like the brightness control on a television
set. The fixed video black level is set at the factory so that the output video is
just above the black clipping level with the lens capped. The black level can be
varied over a range of plus or minus 50 percent of peak white video.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
BKF
CR-LF
Sets the black level to an internal fixed value of
approximately 10 counts above zero.
BKE xxxx
CR-LF
The black level range, xxxx, is from -2730 to 1365.
BKE?
Queries current black level setting.
BKF
BKE xxxx
NOTE
Means the black level is at the factory preset level.
Means black level externally set to the value indicated.
The video will be clipped to 0 counts until it overcomes a negative offset. The
video will be offset towards white by a positive offset.
BLACK LEVEL BALANCE
The black level of the two output video channels are matched at the factory to
minimize row to row shading. The black level balance command adjusts the
black level of one channel with respect to the other. The adjustment range is
from -128 to 127. With the camera in dual channel readout operation and the
lens capped observe the video monitor and change the black level balance until
you are satisfied with the pictures that you see.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
BKB xxxx
CR-LF
Sets the black level of one channel with respect to
the other where xxxx ranges between -128 and 127.
BKB?
Queries the current black level balance setting.
BKB xxxx
Means the black level is set to xxxx
Sample commands with arguments:
3.14
BKB 0
Sets the camera black level balance to a value of 0.
BKB -100
Sets the camera black level balance to a value of -100.
BKB 30
Sets the camera black level balance to a value of 30.
Setting Camera Gain
DIGITAL GAIN
Sets the camera gain to a factor of 1, 2 or 4.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
DGN 1
CR-LF
Sets the camera gain to unity.
DGN 2
DGN 4
CR-LF
CR-LF
Sets the camera gain to times two.
Sets the camera gain to times four.
DGN?
Queries the current gain setting.
DGN x
Indicates that the gain is set to the factor value given.
GAIN BALANCE
The gain of the two output video channels are matched at the factory to minimize
row to row shading. The gain balance command adjusts the gain of one channel
with respect to the other. The adjustment range is from -128 to 127. With the
camera in dual channel readout mode observe a uniform white field with a video
amplitude of 70 % on the video monitor. Change the gain balance until the best
possible image is obtained.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
GAB xxxx
CR-LF
Sets the gain of one channel with respect to the other
where xxxx ranges between -128 and 127.
GAB?
Queries the current gain setting.
Sample commands with arguments:
GAB 0
GAB -100
GAB 30
Sets the camera gain balance to a value of 0.
Sets the camera gain balance to a value of -100.
Sets the camera gain balance to a value of 30.
STROBE POLARITY
The strobe output on the rear panel of the camera provides a trigger pulse for the
user. The polarity of the strobe signal is set by this command. The strobe output
can drive a 50 ohm load and has a pulse width of 5 microseconds.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
STP P
CR-LF
Makes the strobe output pulse polarity positive.
STP N
STP?
CR-LF
Makes the strobe output pulse polarity negative.
Queries the strobe output polarity.
3.15
Saving Camera Configurations
RESTORE FACTORY SETTINGS
Use this command to return the camera black level balance and gain balance
settings to their original values as set by the factory.
SAVE
Type In:
Response
Explanation
RFS
CR-LF
Restores the factory settings for black level balance
and gain balance.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
SAV
RESET
Type In:
RST
3.16
CR-LF
Saves the current camera settings to the camera’s
internal memory; these settings will be recalled by
performing a reset or turning the camera power on.
Response
Explanation
CR-LF
Resets the camera to the settings as last saved.
Removing and then restoring power to the camera
also performs a reset.
Displaying a Test Pattern
DISPLAY WEDGE
Displays a linearly increasing gray scale that reaches peak white and then resets
to black near the center of the picture, as shown below. This function is useful
for aligning the camera image to a frame grabber. The display wedge defaults to
off when the power to the camera is turned off.
Type In:
Response
Explanation
WDG ON CR-LF
Means the wedge is being displayed.
WDG OF CR-LF
Means the camera is imaging.
WDG?
Queries the state of display wedge.
3.17
Query Commands
STATUS QUERY
The status query command enables the user to get all the camera operating
parameter information with a single command.
Type In:
Response
STS?
Response
Explanation
Gives complete camera status with one query. The
following parameters are transmitted with a carriage
return after each parameter:
Definition
Example
GAB xxxx .. Shows the gain balance setting. ...................................GAB 36
BKB xxxx .. Shows the black level balance setting. ........................BKB 100
BKE xxxx ... Shows black level setting. ...........................................BKE 58
MDE xx ...... Shows the operating mode. .........................................MDE CS
EXE xx ....... Shows the exposure time ............................................. EXE 58
STP x .......... Show the strobe pulse polarity ....................................STP P
TRM x ........ Shows the trigger logic polarity. ................................. TRM P
TRS xxx ..... Selects the trigger source ............................................. TRS AIA
TRE x ......... Shows the exposure state. ............................................TRE 1
DGN x ........ Shows the digital gain setting. .....................................DGN 1
AEX xx ...... Shows the auto exposure setting. ................................AEX ON
AXX x ........ Shows the auto exposure horizontal address. ..............AXX 260
AXY x ........ Shows the auto exposure vertical address. ..................AXY 89
BLK xx ....... Shows the block select setting. ....................................BLK ON
BST x ......... Shows the block start address. .....................................BST 1
BSP x .......... Shows the block stop address. .....................................BSP 242
ALT x ......... Shows alternate row select setting. ..............................ALT OF
MDD x ....... Shows the multi-drop select setting. ............................ MDD OF
ADR x ........ Shows the camera multi-drop address. ........................ADR 1
SET xx ........ Shows the auto exposure reference level. ...................SET 64
SCP xxx ...... Sets the communications port protocol .......................SCP 232
IDENTIFICATION QUERY
Type In:
Response
IDN ?
KODAK MEGAPLUS Camera Model ES 310,V1.00
Explanation
Queries the camera for model number and software version.
3.18
Chapter 4. Interface Specifications
AIA Interface Connector
Cable Descriptions
Timing Waveforms
Specifications
AIA Interface Connector
INTRODUCTION
Chapter four gives you the information needed to interface the KODAK
MEGAPLUS Camera, Model ES 310 to a frame grabber device. The KODAK
MEGAPLUS Camera, Model ES 310 is a black and white camera with dual eight
bit digital video outputs. Each frame has 648 columns and 484 rows of pixels
(picture elements) containing valid video data.
AIA INTERFACE CONNECTOR
All the signals referred to in this section are present at the AIA interface connector on the rear panel of the camera. Table 1 lists each signal and its pin number.
The connector for this port is a 68 pin, high density, dual row, D type connector.
This connector is the same as that used for the “SCSI-2 B cable” interface. The
connector has .050 pin spacing and a D-type shell that is 2.5 inches long.
DIGITAL VIDEO OUTPUTS
The camera has two digital video output channels, A and B, each with eight bits
labeled MSB through MSB-7. The MSB is the Most Significant Bit and MSB-7
is the LSB (Least Significant Bit) in your camera configuration. These signals
are output as differential pairs with signal levels conforming to the RS422
specification. The non inverting part of the differential pair is present on the
output labeled (+), while the inverting part of the differential pair is present on
the output labeled (-).
TIMING OUTPUTS
There are three timing outputs presented on the AIA interface connector. They
are FRME ENA (frame enable), LINE ENA (line enable) and PIX DATA STRB
(pixel data strobe). These signals are output as differential pairs with signal
levels conforming to the RS422 specification. The non inverting part of the
differential pair is present on the (+) output , while the inverting part of the
differential pair is present on the (-) output. A signal is true when the (+) line is
more positive than the (-) line.
CONTROL INPUTS
The control input EXPOSE is provided as a means of externally synchronizing
the camera. This input is designed to accept RS422 differential, or single ended
TTL. To drive this input differentially connect both the (+) and (-) inputs to an
RS422 driver. Connect one input to a TTL driver and leave the other input
floating to drive the EXPOSE input from a single ended signal source.
4.1
AIA Interface Connector
TABLE 1 AIA INTERF
ACE CONNECT
OR PINOUT ON REAR OF CAMERA
INTERFA
CONNECTOR
SIGNAL NAME
GROUND
AMSB (+)
AMSB-1 (+)
AMSB-2 (+)
AMSB-3 (+)
AMSB-4 (+)
AMSB-5 (+)
AMSB-6 (+)
AMSB-7 (+)
BMSB (+)
BMSB-1 (+)
GROUND
BMSB-2 (+)
BMSB-3 (+)
BMSB-4 (+)
BMSB-5 (+)
RESERVED
RESERVED
BMSB-6 (+)
BMSB-7 (+)
Not used
SER CNTRL OUT(+)
SER CNTRL IN(+)
Not used
FRME ENA(+)
LINE ENA(+)
Not used
Not used
PIX DATA STRB(+)
EXPOSE(+)
Not used
Not used
Not used
GROUND
PIN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
SIGNAL NAME
GROUND
AMSB (-)
AMSB-1 (-)
AMSB-2 (-)
AMSB-3 (-)
AMSB-4 (-)
AMSB-5 (-)
AMSB-6 (-)
AMSB-7 (-)
BMSB (-)
BMSB-1 (-)
GROUND
BMSB-2 (-)
BMSB-3 (-)
BMSB-4 (-)
BMSB-5 (-)
RESERVED
RESERVED
BMSB-6 (-)
BMSB-7 (-)
Not used
SER CNTRL OUT(-)
SER CNTRL IN(-)
Not used
FRME ENA(-)
LINE ENA(-)
Not used
Not used
PIX DATA STRB(-)
EXPOSE(-)
Not used
Not used
Not used
GROUND
35
68
1
34
As viewed from the rear panel
4.2
PIN
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
SOURCE
Both
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Both
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
User
Camera
Camera
Camera
User
Both
Cable Descriptions
TABLE 2 INTERF
ACE CABLE PIN OUT
INTERFA
OUT,,
SIGNAL NAME
GROUND
AMSB (+)
AMSB-1 (+)
AMSB-2 (+)
AMSB-3 (+)
AMSB-4 (+)
AMSB-5 (+)
AMSB-6 (+)
AMSB-7 (+)
BMSB (+)
BMSB-1 (+)
GROUND
BMSB-2 (+)
BMSB-3 (+)
BMSB-4 (+)
BMSB-5 (+)
RESERVED
RESERVED
BMSB-6 (+)
BMSB-7 (+)
Not used
RESERVED
RESERVED
Not used
FRME ENA(+)
LINE ENA(+)
Not used
Not used
PIX DATA STRB(+)
EXPOSE(+)
Not used
Not used
Not used
GROUND
PIN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
SIGNAL NAME
GROUND
AMSB (-)
AMSB-1 (-)
AMSB-2 (-)
AMSB-3 (-)
AMSB-4 (-)
AMSB-5 (-)
AMSB-6 (-)
AMSB-7 (-)
BMSB (-)
BMSB-1 (-)
GROUND
BMSB-2 (-)
BMSB-3 (-)
BMSB-4 (-)
BMSB-5 (-)
RESERVED
RESERVED
BMSB-6 (-)
BMSB-7 (-)
Not used
RESERVED
RESERVED
Not used
FRME ENA(-)
LINE ENA(-)
Not used
Not used
PIX DATA STRB(-)
EXPOSE(-)
Not used
Not used
Not used
GROUND
PIN
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
MA
TES WITH PC COM POR
T
MATES
PORT
SIGNAL NAME
Open
Transmit, Cam (TX)
Receive, User (RX)
Open
Ground
PIN
1
2
3
4
5
SIGNAL NAME
Open
Connect to pin 8
Connect to pin 7
Open
PIN
6
7
8
9
SOURCE
Both
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Both
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
User
Both
1
34
35
68
1
5
6
9
4.3
Cable Descriptions
TABLE 3. RS422/RS485 MUL
TI-DROP CABLE PIN OUT
MULTI-DROP
OUT,,
SIGNAL NAME
GROUND
AMSB (+)
AMSB-1 (+)
AMSB-2 (+)
AMSB-3 (+)
AMSB-4 (+)
AMSB-5 (+)
AMSB-6 (+)
AMSB-7 (+)
BMSB (+)
BMSB-1 (+)
GROUND
BMSB-2 (+)
BMSB-3 (+)
BMSB-4 (+)
BMSB-5 (+)
RESERVED
RESERVED
BMSB-6 (+)
BMSB-7 (+)
Not used
SER CNTRL OUT(+)
SER CNTRL IN(+)
Not used
FRME ENA(+)
LINE ENA(+)
Not used
Not used
PIX DATA STRB(+)
EXPOSE(+)
Not used
Not used
Not used
GROUND
PIN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
SIGNAL NAME
GROUND
AMSB (-)
AMSB-1 (-)
AMSB-2 (-)
AMSB-3 (-)
AMSB-4 (-)
AMSB-5 (-)
AMSB-6 (-)
AMSB-7 (-)
BMSB (-)
BMSB-1 (-)
GROUND
BMSB-2 (-)
BMSB-3 (-)
BMSB-4 (-)
BMSB-5 (-)
RESERVED
RESERVED
BMSB-6 (-)
BMSB-7 (-)
Not used
SER CNTRL OUT(-)
SER CNTRL IN(-)
Not used
FRME ENA(-)
LINE ENA(-)
Not used
Not used
PIX DATA STRB(-)
EXPOSE(-)
Not used
Not used
Not used
GROUND
PIN
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
MA
TES WITH RS422/RS485 I/O CARD
MATES
4.4
SIGNAL NAME
PIN
SIGNAL NAME
PIN
Transmit (TX+) Cam
1
Open
6
Transmit (TX-) Cam
2
Open
7
Receive (RX-) User
3
Open
8
Receive (RX+) User
4
Open
9
Ground
5
SOURCE
Both
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Both
Camera
Camera
Camera
Camera
Male 68 Pin
Connector
Camera
Camera
Camera
User
Camera
Camera
Camera
User
Both
Female 9 Pin
D-subminiature
mates with
Computer
RS422/RS485
I/O Card
Male 68 Pin
Connector
1
34
35
68
1
5
6
9
Timing Waveforms
CONTINUOUS MODE - VARIABLE EXPOSURE TIMING
TRIGGER
FDV
100 nS MIN
376 µsec @ 85 fps
IDLE LATENCY
FOR SYNC
242 LINE PAIRS
LDV
PROGRAMMED
EXPOSURE
INSERTED WAIT LINE
SYNC JOG
STROBE
OUT
TRIGGERED MODE TIMING
TRIGGER
FDV
LDV
100 nS MIN
25 µS
20 µS
242 LINE PAIRS
PROGRAMMED
EXPOSURE
STROBE
OUT
CONTROLLED MODE TIMING
TRIGGER
FDV
EXPOSURE
20 µS
25 µS
242 LINE PAIRS
LDV
STROBE
OUT
RETRIGGERED MODE TIMING
TRIGGER
FDV
LDV
STROBE
OUT
100 nS MIN
20 µS
RETRIGGER
25 µS
PROGRAMMED
EXPOSURE
NEW FRAME
242 LINE PAIRS
4.5
Timing Waveforms
PIXEL TIMING
PIX
STRB
LDV
FDV
THCE
TSCE
DATA
THCD
STROBE
OUT
TSCD
TDCS
500nS typ
THCE < 25nS
TSCE < 25nS
THCD < 10nS
TSCD < 10nS
TDCS < 25nS
LINE TIMING
PIX
STRB
LDV
FDV
DATA
1
940
2
647
648
649
Valid Pixel Data
LDV
913
916
Valid Video Data
4.6
940 1
2
3
Valid Dark Pixels
648 649
656
No Usable Data
659
Specifications
SENSOR BLOCK DIAGRAM
680 Columns
Active Image Area
648 x 484
8 Dark Columns
496
Rows
24 Dark Columns
4 Dark Rows
First Active Pixel
8 Dark Rows
Horizontal Shift Register A
9LGHR
2XW
Horizontal Shift Register B
VIDEO PERFORMANCE
Black Level:
Clamped to black reference at the start of each frame.
Gamma:
Unity.
Scanning:
Non-Interlaced, progressive.
Synchronization:
Pixel clock internal.
Dynamic Range:
48 dB 8 bit.
Antibloom:
100 times at 30 millisec. exposure with unity gain at 30 fps.
Pixel Clock Rate:
20 MHz.
Frame Rate:
Greater than 85 fps in dual channel mode.
4.7
Specifications
CAMERA MECHANICAL
Housing:
Two piece sheet metal steel case.
Dimensions:
2.0"H x 2.7"W x 6.0"L (50.8 x 68.6 x 152.4mm)
Lens:
C-Mount
Weight:
1.5 lbs approx. (0.68Kgs)
Mount:
One 1/4 - 20 threaded hole with additional locating pin hole.
Vibration:
3 g, sinusoidal from 5 to 150 Hz
Shock:
20g (non-operating)
TEMPERATURE
Operating:
Storage:
HUMIDITY
Operational:
Storage:
4.8
0 to 40 º C (32 to 104º F), non - condensing (Image quality
will degrade with increasing temperature)
-25 to +80º C (-13 to 176º F), non-condensing.
< 80% @ 40º C (104º F)
< 40% @ 80º C (176º F)
Specifications
4.9
Notes
4.10