Download Computing Stds Adv H SQP

SECTION II
Complete ONE part of this Section.
Part A—Artificial Intelligence
Answer TWO of the three questions in this part.
Question 3 is compulsory.
Answer either Question 4 or Question 5.
Marks
3. (a) Two techniques for searching are exhaustive searching and heuristic searching.
(i) Describe each technique.
(ii) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of these two techniques.
Your answer should make particular reference to efficiency and the effect
of combinatorial explosion.
(b) One application of the use of search techniques is natural language processing.
(i) Name and describe an appropriate search technique for natural language
processing.
(ii) Parse the following sentence: “The old man likes crosswords.” using a
parse tree or other method of representation.
(c) Following a consultation with a user, an expert system is normally expected to
offer some advice. Some expert systems offer the advice accompanied by a
certainty factor.
(i) Describe two benefits of using certainty factors.
(ii) Give four reasons why some expert systems do not provide certainty
factors.
(d) You have been asked to advise on how the selection should be made between
two expert systems produced using different expert system shells.
For each of the following components of the expert system, describe two
questions that need to be asked:
• the knowledge base
• the inference mechanism
• the justification facilities.
Explain how the answer to each question will be helpful in making the
selection between the expert systems.
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