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(C) Performance Trends Inc 2009 Engine Analyzer Pro Chapter 2 Definitions may flow better with the carb or throttle body than without. In these instances, you should provide an "optimum entrance" at the carb pad, since the carb itself would be a significant restriction. An optimum entrance can be molded out of clay. It may be more convenient to just flow the cylinder head with the intake and exhaust manifold/header installed, rather than trying to develop "optimum adapters". If this is what you want to do, see Example 4.4. If you did not exactly have an "optimum" adapter for obtaining Flow w/o Runner, then your Valve Flow Coef will be too low and your Runner Flow Coef will be too high. Also see Examples 4.4 and 4.5. Accurate determination of Runner Flow Coef has three advantages: • You can more accurately swap manifold runners onto heads (in the computer) which have not been flowed together. • You gain insight as to manifold and header flow restriction and design. Manifolds and headers with low flow coefficients have much potential for flow gains from redesign and porting. Flow restrictions from components with high flow coefficients indicate the size of the component is more of a restriction than its design. • Runner Flow Coef has a significant effect on tuning, however this effect is not yet clearly understood. See Appendix 3. 2.9.8 Calc Taper, deg Is the Taper angle for either the intake runner in the manifold or the collector of the exhaust header calculated from the following specs. Taper is defined on Figure 2.45 Runner Taper page 28 under Intake System specs Specs at Runner Entrance and page 39 under Exhaust System Runner Specs at Head or specs. See page 97 for general notes or Specs at Collector Exit on Calculation Menus and for an Specs at Entrance (by primaries) example of their use. The equation for Taper depends on the length of the Intake Runner or Exhaust Collector. This length is based on the current settings of these specs in the Intake System or Exhaust System specs menus and is displayed in the Notes section at the bottom of this menu. Make sure this length matches the runner or collector for which you are calculating Taper before using this menu. Taper Angle Runner Length or Collector Length 107