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Appendices
Spyware
This type of malicious programs is designed to perform monitoring of
the system and send the gathered information to a third party –
creator of the program or some other person concerned. Among those
who may be concerned are: distributors of spam and advertisements,
scam-agencies, marketing agencies, criminal organizations, industrial
espionage agents, etc.
Spyware is secretly loaded to your system together with some other
software or when browsing certain HTML-pages and advertising
windows. It then installs itself without the user’s permission. Unstable
browser operation and decrease in system performance are common
side effects of spyware presence.
Adware
Usually this term is referred to a program code implemented into
freeware programs which perform forced display of advertisements to
a user. However, sometimes such codes can be distributed via other
malicious programs and show advertisements in internet-browsers.
Many adware programs operate with data collected by spyware.
Joke programs
Like adware, this type of malicious programs does not deal any direct
damage to the system. Joke programs usually just generate message
boxes about errors that never occurred and threaten to perform
actions which will lead to data loss. Their purpose is to frighten or
annoy a user.
Dialers
These are special programs which are designed to scan a range of
telephone numbers and find those where a modem answers. These
numbers are then used to mark up the price of telephoning facilities or
to connect the user to expensive telephone services.
All the above programs are considered malicious because they pose a
threat to the user’s data or his right of confidentiality. Programs that
do not conceal their presence, distribute spam and different traffic
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