Download Hot Coco Vol. 2 No. 9 - February 1985 - TRS

Why do more CoCo owners
choose 'REAL TALKER'?
Sure it's priced right, but there's more...
Thousands of 'Real Talker' owners know 'Real Talker' beats ALL
other Coco voice synthesizers in ease of use and flexibility. And,
NO other Coco talker has a clearer, more intelligible voice.
That's quite a lot of advantag e when you consider Real Talker's
unbeatable price. Yet, Real Talker has some important features
that you simply will not find in other Coco talkers:
'Real Talker' is compatible with any 16K, 32K, 64K Extended or
non-extended Color Computer. It works with any cassette or
disk system and comes complete and ready to talk throu g h your
T.V. or monitor speaker. Price includes the 'Real Talker' elec ­
tronic voice synthesizer in a ROM pack, software on cassette
(may be transferred to disk). and user manual.
NOW INCLUDED WITH
'REAL TALKER'........
'SAY' command - You'll have your
computer talking brilliantly in just
minutes thanks to this powerful
new command. Type SAY
"ANYTHING YOU WANT" and
your words are instantly spoken.
It's that simple. Think how easy
this makes creating speaking Basic
programs. Adding speech to your
existing programs is a snap too.
1. 'OR. TA LK -T h is interactive "Eliza"
type psychoanalyst program will
d iscu ss your innermost problems
at length.
Z. 'TALKING BATTlfSHIP'-1 l's you
'CONVERT' - This is a truly power­
iul command for the basic pro­
gramer. CONVERT automatically
transforms a machine language
dependent speaking program into
a stand-alone Basic program_ In
other words, you can effortlessl y
write speaking Basic programs t hat
do not require a machine language
translator 1n memo r y. This is a uni­
que ieature of 'Real Talker'. No
other voice synthesizer gives you
anything even remotely ap­
proaching this type of capability even synthesizers costing con­
siderably more.
vs. the c omp ute r in this speaking
version of the classic game.
"REAL TAl_KI
,,,.,,,,., .... ,,. """ , 3. 'TALKING BLACKJACK'- Pla y for
,,,,,, ,,,_,..,,,,
big stakes against a rather tal kative
casino dealer.
ONLY
$5995
'Real Talker' is a full-featured electronic voice syn­
thesizer unit built into a compact cartridge case. You
simply plug it into the side of your computer.
Other features include software controlled pitch, unlimited
vocabulary text-to-speech, and even a program that will recite
any ASCII file (such as from Telewriter-64 & other word pro­
cessors). You also get Colorware's unique full-screen phoneme
editor program that let's you experiment with and modify speech
at it's most fundimental level.
'RfAL TALKfR-1' (for the original Color Computerl. ........... . .. $59.95
'REAL TALKER-Z' (for the Color Computer-2) . . .... .................. .. $64.95
'Y - BRANCHING CABLE' For disk systems. If you have a disk
system but do not have a Radio Shack Multi-Slot unit, this
economical cable will allow to connect and use your
Real Talker and Disk system together . . ... .. ....... ... . .... . . . . .... . .... . ..27.95
CALL TOLL FREE (800) 221-0916
SOFTWARE FOR THE 'REAL TALKER
TALK���[Q)
TALKH EAD can be easily commanded in Basic to
appear on screen and say anything you want.
Available on c assette or disk for only �i'\9.95,
TALKHEAD requires 64K and a Colorware 'Real
Talker'.
If you have a 'Real Talker', do not deprive yourself
of this absolutely incredible machine-language
Talking Head simulation program. While other
talking head simulations use a minimal cartoon­
like face, TALKHEAD uses high resolution, full­
screen, digitized images of an actual person's face
to create a life-like animated effect.
ACTUAL UNRETOUCHfD PHOTO
* * *
[•B•]
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ORDERING INFORMATION
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run on the TRS 80 Model I/Ill/IV /4P,
Color Computer, LB.M.-PC, Apple,
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Warranty - One Full Year
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Software Drivers:
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Drive 0, I, 2, 3
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Mon. tllru Fri. lJ:.�0 am to S:Jt rm IE.S.T.l S:1l. 10:00 ;mi to J:JO pill
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED.
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CALL FOR NEW
NEw Low PR1cE
MPI - Teac - Shugart
IBM/PC - TRS/80 - Sanyo Computers -----$Call
Drive a Hard Bargain 'M ! !
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For your TRS/80, Color Computer, IBM, Apple, Franklin,
.... .from $699.95
Max/80, Complete Systems
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PLEASE CALL FOR O UR MOST C URRENT P RI CE RE D U CTIONS.
TOLL FREE ORDERING
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Disk Drives (0123) TRS/80-IBM-Apple-Tl-Franklin-Max/80-LNW ...............
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Cables-Printer/Disk Drive .................................. starting at $16.00
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Canadian Toll Free 800_361_5155
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(617) 872-9090 Telex-383425
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HOTCoCo.
DEPARTMENTS
Vol. 2. No. 9 February 1985
ART LE,....
JC
_b_>_
_________ __ _r_
:_
_
_
n_
1p _u_t_e_
_r_a_
p_h_i cs
' li -n-b _r__
l __le__
r_____,
C
r _
o
e y But
Co ve
K
G
6
Digressions
Tandy courts large software houses.
Ph oto by Edward Judice
Textpro ffi-A Key to Better Word Processing
----
Don't overlook Textpro Ill if versatile
Michael E. Nadeau
print capabilities are what you need.
9
Instant Coco Index
How to Use HOT Coco
11
Letters to the Editor
12
The Basic Beat
14
James W. Wood
72
CoCo for Hire
Terry Kepner and Linda Tieman
Terry Kepner
Paint King
'f.j;'.
-------
Draw to your heart's delight using
icons and your joystick.
Joel Doucet
Space Hawks
·f.C:
-------
They swoop. They dive. They shoot.
Can you survive?
Rodger Smith
Build You Own Joystick
Good joysticks don't have to be expensive.
74
Mindbusters ;·�·
Betcha can't solve one.
Richard Ramella
76
The Leaming Page
T.H.E.S. introduces great
software packages.
Lalo Martinez
Portrait of the Coco Artist
You and your Color Computer can be
a creative team, and Eric White, Ana Landa,
and Ron Kiyomura prove it.
Paul Stott
Trig It!
Nancy Kipperman
78
6809 On Line
Bobby Ballard
80
Doctor ASCII
Richard E. Esposito, Jesse W.
Jackson, and Ralph E. Ramhoff
Reader's Forum
82
Reviews
84
Wizard, Easy-File,
Datalist, and more.
·irf.;
-------­
Use math to improve your graphics.
William H. Roney
Do-It-Yourself Dumps .'i7if.'
-----­
Use your LP VIII or DMP-100 printer
to reproduce your screen's contents.
Stephen Berry
1·r.r.·
A Quick Fix for Your ROM
-------­
Does your older software not work with
the newer Disk Basic ROM? This utility
will solve you problem.
Mike Meehan
HOT CoCo's Worldwide User's Group List
edited by J. Scot Finnie
Game Tips
93
Product News
94
edited by J. Scot Finnie
Enjoy you Color Computer even more
by joining a club in your area.
HOT CoCo Staff
Where Does the Value Go?
·1:r.· -------­
Track the depreciation of business
equipment or personal possessions.
Rod Weil:s'
Arllcle snbmlssioos from our readers are welcomed and
en·
courage<!. Inquiries shoul d be addressed to: HOT O:>C-O Submis.­
sioll.'l Editor. 80 Pinc Street,
Peterborough, NH 03458. Include an
SASE for a copy of our writer's guidelines. Pa)1JlCllt for ocreptcd
articles is made ar a rate of approJcimalely $50 per printed
rig)>ts an: purch=l.
poge; all
Authors of� should contact the HOT
O:>C-O Review Editor, 80 Pine Street,
Peterborough, NH 03458.
Problems with Sub!IOlptlons: Send a description of the problem
and your current and/or most recent addn.°"' to: HOT CoCo,
Subscription Department, P.O. Box 975, Fll!lllingdalc, NY
11737.
�or Adchsl: Send old label or copy of old addre« and new
oddn:$ to: HOT Co&J, P.O . Box 975, Fanningdalc, NY 11737.
Please give eight weeks adllllilce notice.
v..ii..: Contact Ginnie Boudrieau, Bulk Sales Mwiagcr, HOT
O:>C-O, Pinc St., Peterborough, NH 03458.
(800) 34'.J.-071.'!.
Problem< "1111 A� Send a d=ription of the problem and
your current� to: Magazine, Rt. IOI & Elm Street, Peter·
bQrough, NH 03458. ATrN.: Rita B. Rivard, Oistomcr Service
Manager. If urgent, call l..!!01044 4403.
4
HOT CoCo
February 1985
ROM Hacker, Part V
rr.
Complete the Coco-controlled Armatron project.
James J. Barabarello
Attention Shoppers!
·E:f.:
Improve your shopping efficiency.
Bill Reed
Alphatoons ··iZ.·
--------­
Young children will enjoy learning the
alphabet and the keyboard with this gem.
Richard Ramella
This symbol Indicates the program's placement on the lnstonl CoCo
loader. available on cassette. See our Instant CoCo ad for details.
TR�O Is a lrademark of Radio Shack, a division of Tandy Corp.
16
18
22
26
28
32
40
44
48
54
58
65
68
Graduate With
'
DEFT
Pascal
-·
..
, ......
.
.. _
......._
....
-
·-,.,.,..
.... r_
..
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.
As a result of the programming language requirement of the Advanced Placement (AP) Tests,
Pascal has become the standard language used in High Schools and Colleges today. On the
Color Computer, DEFT Pascal is the standard.
DEFT Bench
DEFT Pascal
$49.95
DEFT Pascal Compiler
DEFT Debugger
DEFT Edit
d e bu g Pas c al m ac h i n e
programs symbolically
Full screen editor
DEFT Linker
DEFT Lib
create and maintain
program object libraries
DEFT Linker
combines multiple program
objects into one binary
program
complete Pascal language,
generates machine
language object
DEFT Macro/6809
(see DEFT Pascal)
$79.95
supports entire 6809
instruction set,
lets you define your own
instructions
R.S. Cat. #90-5000
DEFT Pascal Workbench
(DEFT Pascal
R.S. Cat. #90-5001
R.S. Cat. #90-5002
All DEFT software and programs developed with DEFT software are BASIC
ROM independent and use all of the memory in your Color Computer
without OS-9. All you need is DEFT software and a TRS-80 Color Computer
with Extended Disk BASIC, at least 32K of RAM and One Disk Drive. With
DEFT Pascal ($79.95) you will also need a text editor to write your pro­
grams. Software licensing arrangements are available for schools. Dealer
inquiries welcome.
Quantity of Each:
_
OE�'T Pascal
_
DEl"T Bench
DEFT Pascal Workbench
Method of Payment (check one)
[]
VISA
$119.95
And DEFT Bench Together)
11
Account Number
Card Expiration Date
S1gna1ure
[]
Masler Card
Check Enclosed
[]
COD
DEFT Systems, Inc.
Suite 4, Damascus Centre
Damascus, MD 20872
DODO ODDO DODO DODD
OD f OD
Name
Orders and Sales Information 1-800-992-DEFT
Technical Assistance 1-301-253-1300
DEPT isa Tradema1k Of OEFT $y6(Qll'\$, IOC
Circle Reeder Service card #243
TRS-80 ls a Trademark ol TANDY CoJPOrauon
S1reet
City
==--:---
_
____
__
_;;,
_
State
OD
Zip
DODOO
All orders are shipped UPS wilhin 24 hours of receipt. Add 3% for shipping and handling: Maryland
residents add 5% tor State Sales Tax: add $2.00 tor COD.
IHl©lT Coco ..---DIGRESSION______...
Publisher
JEFF DETRAY
Editor-in-Chief
MICHAEL E. NADEAU
Managing Editor
MARK E. REYNOLDS
Review/New Products Editor
J. SCOT FINNIE
Education Editor
NANCY KIPPERMAN
Technical Editors
PETER PAPLASKAS,
GUIER WRIGHT,
KEITH JOHNSON (I NSTANT COCO)
Art Director
DONNA WOHLFARTH
Production Supervisor
SUSAN HAYS
Production Assistant
SANDRA DUKETTE
Advertising: 1-800-441-4403
PETER MONTROSS
West Coast Office:
1-415-328-3470 or 3471
160 Marsh Rd.
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Sales Manager:
GIORGIO SALUTI
Sales Representative:
ALLISON WALSH,
KAREN LETENDRE
Manufacturing Consultant:
SUSAN GROSS
Typesetting Manager:
DENNIS CH RISTENSEN
Film Preparation Manager:
ROBERT M. VILLENEUVE
Darkroom Manager:
NA THANIEL HA YNES
I
Software Sells Computers
nfocom, Spinnaker, Imagic. Software companies such as these have a solid rep­
utation for quality in this still young microcomputer business. Yet until recently,
very few "big name" software developers had any interest in the Color Computer
market. Now the above-mentioned companies and several of their peers are enthu­
siastically converting best-sellers for other systems to the CoCo.
Why? Tandy has made it worth their while. The newly formed Tandy Home Ed­
ucation Systems Division (T.H.E.S.) is offering these well-known software titles in
bundled groups. (See The Leaming Page, p. 76, for more information.) Unfortu­
nately, you won't find most of this software in Radio Shack stores.
HOTCoCo applauds Tandy for soliciting such fine software for theCoCo. But wouldn't
it be even nicer if you could walk into the local Radio Shack and pick up the latest Infocom
adventure, or that new Spinnaker package to help Junior with his homework'?
And the availability of this software is just the short-term benefit for C.OC.O owners. I f
these software companies have a way t o effectively market their products to Color Com­
puter users, you will see more sophisticated, new software for your pride and joy.
I don't mean to suggest that there currently is no good software available for the
Color Computer. Au contraire! Though small by comparison, Color Computer soft­
ware developers have equaled and, in some cases, outdone the big boys with their
efforts. But because they are small, these companies have a tough time promoting
their software. If the big software companies jump into the Color Computer mar­
ket, there would be a "coattail" effect where the smaller companies benefit for three
reasons: The new software would whet CoCo owners' appetites for more software;
the best-selling titles available for the CoCo would spur the machine's sales, increas­
ing the market for everyone; and once the precedent is established, perhaps some of
the better existing software titles from smaller companies could also make it into
Radio Shack stores.
Too many people consider Commodore and the now comarose Atari to be the glamour
machines of the home market. The C.OC.O out-performs both; the general public overlooks
the Color Computer because it is out-hyped not only by Commodore and Atari, but also
by the promotion and popularity of the software available for their machines.
Simply put, software sells computers, even in the low-buck market. The more
CoCos sold, the more you stand to gain in support from Radio Shack and all the
companies developing Color Computer software.
Let's hope the T.H.E.S. project is successful. And let's encourage Tandy to open
the door even wider for vendors of best-selling software packages.
Vice President/General Manager
DEBRA WETHERBEE
Vice President/Finance
ROGER MURPHY
Assistant to Vice President/GM
MATT SMITH
Assistant to Vice President/Finance
DOMINIQUE SMITH
Marketing Manager
PAM ESTY
Director of Circulation
WILLIAM P . HOWARD
Assistant Circulation Manager
FRANK S. SMITH
Direct & Newsstand Sales Manager
RAINO W I REIN: 1-800-343-0728
Director of Credit, Sales, and Collection
WILLIAM M. BOYER
Executive Creative Director
CHRISTINE DESTREMPES
Founder
WAYNE GREEN
6
HOT CoCo
-
February 1985
-
-
- ----
New This Issue
We've made a few changes in HOT Coco this month. First, we have discontinued
The Educated Guest, by Charles Santee, and replaced it with The Leaming Page,
written by our new Education Editor, Nancy Kipperman.
Nancy's job is to keep her finger on the pulse of the CoCo education scene in both
the home and school. Nancy encourages reader input, so please drop her a line to let
her know what you think of the column.
We have also discontinued The DOSsier due to low reader interest. We apologize
to those of you who have been following the column. The DOSsier's author, Scott
Norman, will continue to write reviews and articles for HOT CoCo.
Richard Ramella of Elmer's Arcade fame returns this month with a new column,
Mindbusters. Mindbusters will present computerized puzzles and brainteasers that
will test the mental prowess of both you and your CoCo.
And finally, we have devoted a whole page to advice on using HOT CoCo. We
hope this page make it easier for novices to enter and run our program listings. This
is the first month of this feature, so let us know if it can be done better.
-Michael E. Nadeau•
CONTROL LIGHTS AND APPLIANCES
24 HOURS A DAY AUTOMATICALLY
Program the Household
Controller Using Your
Color Computer 2
Our Appliance/Light Controller is
an incredible device that makes
your life easier. It can wake you to a
TV or stereo, brew your coffee in
the morning, pre-rool a room in the
afternoon, start dinner before you
leave work, and hundreds of other
chores-all automatically. You can
even outsmart a burglar by making
Get the Appliance/Light Control­
ler (26-3142, $99.95) at Radio
Shack today-and computerize
your home for improved security,
convenience and energy savings.
your home look and sound lived in
day and night.
Simply connect the Controller to
your Color Computer, and enter the
desired times and events. Discon­
nect the Controller and your com­
puter is free to use as you wish.
Then, connect lamps and appli­
ances to Plug 'n Power"' modules
(sold separately) and plug the mod­
ules into wall outlets. The Controller
sends on/off signals over your
home's electrical wiring.
llad1e/haeK
The Technology Store·
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
Circle Reader Service card #4
I
Prices apply at participating Radio Shack stores
and dealers.
0
'
�
"
.....
....
'
A Brilliant
Team
"'
...,..
""
G
�
""
....
HOT CoCo and You.
Those with the latest and most thorough in­
formation run their computers with confidence.
Those without it are run ragged with frustra­
tion.
Color Computerists who've gained the upper
hand read HOT CoCo, the monthly magazine
that unlocks the full potential of TRS-80• and
MC-10• Color Computers.
HOT CoCo's inside stories can make you and
---------------------,
I I want to be part of a
D
YES •
brilliant team ...
Send me 12 issues of HOT CoCo for the low
price of $24.97. I'll save 30% off the news­
stand price.
D Payment enclosed
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US bank. Foreign surface $44.97. one year only, US funds
drawn on US bank. Foreign alrrnall please Inquire.
Allow 6 to 8 weeks for delivery.
HOT
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CoCo
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Box 975
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scribing to HOT CoCo for the low one-year price
of$24.97, you'll get infonnation-packed issues
at 30% off the cover price!
• HOT Coco specializes in presenting time-effi­
cient, money-saving programs for business,
home, and school. Easy to use, and practical!
•Novice and expert users alike will benefit from
HOT CoCo's tips and tutorials. Sharpen your
skill. Watch your CoCo become more versatile!
• Graphics? Discover how easy it is to create
your own!
• Games? HOT CoCo's wide assortment pro­
vides hours of entertainment and challenge for
the entire family.
• Looking to gain an advantage by adding more
hardware or software? Read our reviews first­
-------
------
your Color Computer a brilliant team. By sub­
decide for yourself what's worth its weight in
gold. and what isn't worth a hill of beans.
Everything on the pages of HOT Coco can
bring out the best in you and your Color Com­
puter. A wealth of knowledge-for an entire
year-forjust $24.97!
Order your subscription today by filling in the
coupon, or by calling TOLL FREE 1-800-2585473. In New Hampshire, call 1-924-9471.
•
TRS-80 and MC· IO Color Computers are registered trademarks of the Radio
Shack Tandy Division of Tandy Corp.
Back Issues
Yes, back issues of HOT CoCo are avail­
able for all months. This list shows the fea­
tures in each issue:
June 1983-The Coco word processor; a se­
rial-to-parallel interface project; and the ad­
venture, Cavehunt.
July 1983-How to upgrade your CoCo t o
64K; cure video RF!.
August 1983-Speech synthesis via software;
get more colors; build a color monitor driver.
September 1983-Disk utilities; hi-res char­
acter generator.
Octo b e r 198 3 -A n im a t i o n t ec h n i q u e s ;
ROM disassembly, part I.
November 1983-Nuclear submarine simu­
la tion; ROM-pack primer; banner printer.
December 1983-World capitals quiz pro­
gram; t a l k i n g spelling tutor; vocabulary­
building program.
January 1984-Programs for the business­
man and in vestor; ins and outs of database
management.
February 1984-CoCo-aided circuit design;
simulate Extended Basic in Color Basic;
change your CoCo's vocabulary.
March 1984-How a disk stores informa­
tion; create your own wordsearch puzzles;
dental/medical bill balancer.
April 1984-Peripherals buyer's guide; how
to shop for a disk drive; disk-fix utility; Lisp
interpreter.
May 1984-0S-9 review; financial transac­
tions tracker ; homebrew spelling checker ;
Coco Reversi game.
June 1984-Horse-racing and stock-market
simulators.
July 1984-Do-it-yourself lowercase mod;
variable cross-referencer; the game, Python.
August 1984- Basic-09 review; da tabase
manager program; graphics tutorials; hurri­
cane tracker.
September 1984-Educational software buy­
er ' s guide; t y ping-t eacher program; t h e
CoCo a s a marketing aid.
October 1984-A collection of sounds for
your CoCo; how to make programs auto-ex­
ecute; printer spooler.
November 1984-Personal money manager
program; disk-file protection utility.
December 1984- Disk - d r i v e t i m e r ; d i sk
drive maintenance tips; full-featured text-ed­
iting program.
January 1985-Spreadsheet program; stock­
charting program; make fancy graphics with
your printer.
Instant Co.Co Directory
tains a never-before-published Bonus
Program, complete with instructions.
The directory below lists all programs
included on this month's Instant CoCo
cassette. Shown first are the name of the
article with a descriptive blurb and its au­
thor, followed by the page number in this
issue where the article appears. Next
comes the file name of the program on
cassette. Finally, there is a brief descrip­
tion of the C o l o r C o m puter system
needed to run the program.
This month's Instant CoCo cassette is
available for j ust $ 1 1 .47, including pos­
tage and handling, from Instant CoCo,
80 Pine St., Peterborough, NH 03458.
See our ad on p. 64 for more details.
Instant CoCo is a cassette tape con­
taining the major programs from this is­
sue of HOTCoCo. Its purpose is to save
you the time and effort of typing long
program listings into your Color Com­
pute r . You simply load the programs
from the- Instant CoCo tape using your
cassette recorder. The instructions for
operating each program are found in the
corresponding HOTCoCo article. Both
Basic and Assembly-language programs
are included on the tape.
The Instant CoCo symbol appears in
HOT CoCo's table of contents and on
the program listing for each article with
a listing used on the I nstant CoCo tape.
As an added extra, each tape also con-
Side A
Page #
Article Name/Author/Description
Copyright Statement
Paint King/Doucet
File Name
System
TITLE
All
t8
PNTKING
32K ECB
22
SPHAWK
32K ECB
32
LISTI
16K ECll
Draw on the screen using joystick
and symbols.
Space Hawks/Smith
Get them before they get you.
Trig tt !/Roney
LIST2
Use math 10 create beauty on the
LIST3
LIST4
video Screen.
LISTS
LIST6
LIST?
LISTS
LIST9
LISTI0
LISTI I
LIST12
Do-Ii-Yourself Dumps/Berry
Get a paper copy of your video
40
SCRN DUMP
44
ROMFIXll
16K ECB
creations.
A Quick Fix For Your ROM/Meehan
Convert 1.0 Disk ROM programs to work
on the I. I Disk ROM. (CSAVEM "ROM­
16K DECB
I. t
ROM
Disk
FIXll" ,3584,4475,3927)
Side B
Where Docs the Value Go?/Weiss
54
VALUE
t6K CB
58
RTD
t6K ECB
65
SHOPLIST
32K ECB
68
ALPHATNS
t6K ECB
72
MAZEMKR
16K ECB
GRAPH-ED
16K ECB
Figure dcprecialion on your
investmen1s.
ROM Hacker Part V/Barabarcllo
Use these programs to control your Arma-
RC
tron robot.
Allention Shoppers•/Reed
Add efficiency to your shopping.
Alpha1oons/Ramella
Teach young children the alphabet and key­
board.
Mindbusters-Mazemaker/Ramella
Generate your own mazes.
***Bonus Program***
Easy Graphics Edi1or/Fo1i
Enlarge and edit your graphics.
CB=Color Basic, DECB=Disk Extended Color B•sic, ECB=Extended Color Basic,
You 'II also find in each issue our regular
fealures, reviews of popular software and
hardware, and dozens of useful programs
that are yours for the typing in.
Each back issue costs $ 3 . 5 0 p l u s $ 1 ship­
ping and handling. On orders o f I O or more
back issues, there is a flat SIO shipping fee.
Send your orders to HOT CoCo, At tn. Back
Issue Orders, 80 Pine St . , Peterborough, N H
03458.•
(111)=machine-language program (use CLOADM)
HOTCoCo is a member or the CW Communications/Inc. group, the world's largest publisher or computer-related in­
formation. The group publishes 52 computer publications in 19 major countries. Members of the group include:
Argentina's
Compurerworld/Argentifla;
Auslralia's
Australia
Comput<!rworld,
Australian
Micro
Computer
Magazine, Australian PC World and Directori<!s; Brazil's DaraN<!ws and MicroM11ndo; China's China Computer­
world; Denmark's Computerworld/Danmark and Micro Verden; Finland's Mikro; France's Le Monde lnformatique,
Golden (Apple) and OPC (IBM); Germany's Computerwoche, Microcompliferwelt, PC Welt, Software Markt, CW
Edition/Seminar, Computer Business and Commodore Magazine; Italy's Comp11terworld Italia ; Japan's Complifer­
world Japan and Perso Com World; Mexico's Computerwor/d/Mexico and Comp11M1111do; Netherland's CW B<!ne/11x
ahd
Micro/ Info;
Singapore's
The
Norway's Comput<!rwor/d Norge and
Asian Complllerwor/d; Spain's
MikroD•ta;
Saudi
Comp11terworld/Espona
Arabia's
and
Saudi Computerworld;
MicroSistemm;
Sweden's Com­
pl/l<!rSweden, MikroDmom and Min 1-Jemdator; the UK's Computer Managem<!nt and Comp/lier Business Europe;
United States: Comput<!rworld, HOT CoCo, inCider, InfoWorld, jr, Mm.:World, Micro Market World, Microcomput­
ing, PC World, PC Jr. World, RUN, 73 Magazine and 80 Micro.
February 1985
HOT CoCo
9
From Computer Plus to
PLUS
-. , f \ >
·"' I
..
<
11(,-, '
>
....
J
<
I
after
PLUS
YOU ...
after
PL�S
I I 1 • '°' l R l •
'
• I 1 ' I •
O 'I I.•
\ > ; • .,I ' I,,.,
'
� .
Model 100 SK $495
Model 100 24K $625
Color Computer II
w/16K Ext. Basic $"135
w/64K Ext. Basic $195
Model 4 16K $629
Model 4 64K
2 Disk & RS232 $1020
DMP120 $385
Color Computer Disk Drive
Drive 0 $289 Drive 1 $220
DWP210 $489
DWP510 $1295
.
BIG SAVINGS O� A FULL COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS
COMPUTERS
Model 4 Portable
64K w/2 Drives
Model 2000 2Dr
Model 12 1 Drive
Model 16B 1Dr 256K
MODEMS
ETC.
1020
2299
2360
3965
Hayes Smartmodem II
AC-3
DC Modem I
DC Modem II
DC Modem 2212
215
125
89
160
315
Silver Reed EXP500 D.W. Par.
Silver Reed EXP550 D.W. Ser.
CGP115
CGP220 Ink Jet
DMP110.
Gemini 10X
Gemini Powertype
Panasonic P1091
Smith Corona Fastext
Prowriter 8510
Okidata and Epson
365
430
159
545
PRINTERS
299
$265
345
315
190
345
CALL
Disk Drive Controller
Extended Basic Kit
PBH Ser/Par Conv.
64K Ram Chips
Deluxe Keyboard
HJL Keyboard
CCR-81 Recorder
Deluxe Joystick (each)
Joysticks (pair)
Video Plus (monitor adapter)
Video Plus llC
Amdek Color 1 + Monitor
Amdek Video 300 Green
Amdek Video 300 Amber
Taxan Color 210 Monitor
Taxan Green
Taxan Amber
SOFTWARE
139
�9.95
69
62.95
35.95
79.95
52
35.95
22
24.95
39.95
299
145
159
235
125
129
(Tape Version)
26.95
The King
Screen Print (specify printer)
19.95
Buzzard Bait
27.95
World of Flight
29.95
29.95
Colorpede
Juniors Revenge
Pac Attack
Block Head
Lunar Rover Patrol
Lancer
Typing Tutor
Galagon
Scott Adams Adventures
Sea Dragon
Colorcome
Telewriter 64
0-Pak (disk)
Key-264K
Deft Pascal
Elite-Cale
VIP Writer
VIP Cale
VIP Terminal
VIP Database (disk)
Graphicom
28.95
24.95
26.95
24.95
24.95
23.95
24.95
19.95
34.95
49.95
49.95
34.95
39.95
79.95
59.95
69.95
69.95
49.95
59.95
29.95
Order any 2 software pieces listed
and take 10% off their listed price.
All Radio Shack software 10% off list.
Send for complete list.
CALL TOLL FREE
1·800-343·8124
•
•
•
•
•
LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES
BEST POSSIBLE WARRANT Y
KNOWLEDGEABLE SALES STAFF
TIMELY DELIVERY
SHOPPING CONVENIENCE
II Iii
TRS-80 is a registered trademark of Tandy Corp.
P .o: Box 1094
480 King Street
Littleton, MA 01460
us
SINCE 1973
IN MASSACHUSETTS CALL !6171 486·3193
Circle Reader Service card # 1 8
.---
How to Use HOT Co Co
Each month, HOT CoCo provides pro­
gram listings for you to type into your Color
Computer and use. If you are new to com­
puting, read this page for advice that will
he\p you avoid problems often encountered
when entering programs manually.
Know the Basics
Before you begin, you should be fa­
miliar with the basic operation of your
Color Computer. Read the manual and
make sure you understand how to enter
a program line, save a program to cas­
sette or disk, and make corrections to a
program line. The Color Computer man­
uals are well written, and you will enjoy
yourCoCo much more if you've read them.
Check the Requirements
The first thing you should do is make
sure that the program you want to enter
will run on your version of the Color
Computer. You need to know the mem­
ory requirements, the type of Basic used
(Color, Micro Color, Extended Color, or
Disk Extended Color Basic), what per­
ipherals might be needed, and in some
cases whether a particular ROM version
is needed. (See below for an explanation
of the different ROMs.)
All this information is provided in the
System Requirements box included with
each article that has a program listing.
This box gives the minimum require­
ments to use the program . If, for in­
stance, the box reads " l 6K RAM, Color
Basic,'' the program should also work on
32K or higher, Extended or Disk Ex­
tended Color Basic CoCos.
Once you've established that the pro­
gram will work on your CoCo, read the ar­
ticle thoroughly. Sometimes it will include
information vital to typing in the listing.
What You See Is What You Get
We print all Basic program listings 32
characters across-just as they appear on
your video screen. Type in the listing ex­
actly as it appears in the magazine, being
particu larly careful with spaces and
punctuation. If you do this, the 32-char­
acter format will aid in proofreading
what you have typed in by letting you
match beginning and ending characters
on corresponding lines. If you have a line
that ends on a character other than what
appears in the magazine, go back and
check for a typo.
Common Errors
Some characters are easier to confuse
than others when you are typing in pro­
gram listings. A n d since your Color
Computer interprets everything literally,
the smallest error can crash a program.
Below is a list of characters commonly
confused with one another:
zero and the letter 0
colon and semicolon
lowercase I and the numeral one
uppercase B and the numeral eight
Weird Characters
The up arrow indicates exponentiation
on the Color Computer. Unfortunately,
most printers do not have an up arrow.
Our printer prints a caret (') instead. Be
sure to type an up arrow in place of all
carets in Basic program listings.
Assembly-Language Listings
HOTCoco often publishes programs
written in Assembly language rather than
Basic. Assembly listings "talk" to your
computer on a much more direct level;
Basic requires some translation before
your CoCo can execute it. Therefore, As­
sembly works much faster than Basic.
Unfortunately, it is more difficult to
learn Assembly-language programming
than Basic programming.
But you do not need to know how to
program in Assembly to use these pro­
grams. You do need, however, some­
thing called an editor/assembler. A n
editor/assembler allows you t o manually
enter an Assembly listing, and then it
"assembles" it into a form that your
CoCo can execute. Since editor/assem­
blers can cost as much as $80, you prob­
ably don't need one unless you want to
learn Assembly-language programming.
I t is possible to hand assemble an Assem­
bly listing, but this is a tedious process that
is best left to someone with a little experi­
ence with Assembly programming. It also
requires a short Basic routine that prepares
your CoCo for hand assembly.
We convert some Assembly programs
to Basic DAT A statements and include a
short Basic routine to load and execute
the DAT A statements. This gives you a
program that you can type in just like a
Basic listing, yet it operates much like
one written in Assembly.
I f y o u w a n t to r u n o n e of H O T
CoCo's Assembly listings, b u t it hasn't
been converted t o DAT A statements and
you do not own an editor/assembler,
check to see if the program is included on
our Instant Coco cassette. All Assembly
programs on Instant CoCo are in assem­
bled form, meaning you can load and ex­
ecute them immediately.
Speaking of DAT A Statements
Since DAT A statements o ften consist
of numbers only, it is easy to make a mis­
take typing them in. One wrong number
can crash the program or lock up your
machine. When this happens, the only
way to riCover is often to turn off the
computer for a few seconds and then
turn it back on. Of course, this wipes out
your program in memory.
To avoid this, always save what you
have typed in before running it. That
-----
way, if you.did make a mistake, you can
load the program from tape or disk to
look for the error, rather than retyping
the entire listing.
One last thing about DAT A state­
ments: Error messages that occur due to
a mistyped DATA statement line will re­
fer to the corresponding READ state­
ment line earlier in the program. Yet it is
the DATA statement that is incorrect.
If All Else Fails
I f you cannot get your typed-in listing
to run after checking and double-check­
ing for typos, you can ask us for help.
Send a detailed description of your prob­
lem along with any error messages given.
Ideally we'd like a printout o f what you
typed. Send a self-addressed , stamped
envelope for the fastest reply. Sorry, but
we cannot help you if you have modified
the original program in any way. Write
to HOT CoCo, attn. Technical Editor,
80 Pine St., Peterborough, NH 03458.
Different ROMs
Radio Shack has updated the Basic
RO Ms in the Color Computer several times
since it was introduced. Below is a List of
the ROMs and the problems and benefits
you might encounter with each one:
• Color Basic 1 .0-Cannot fully use the
64K upgrade and has only a 7-bit serial
printer routine, which inhibits sending
graphics data to a printer.
• Color Basic l . 1-Fully supports 64K and
has an 8-bit serial printer routine for graphics.
• Color Basic 1 .2-Executes code faster
than previous versions, but changed the
way the ROM reads the keyboard. This
makes some software written for the older
ROMs incompatible with the 1 .2 ROM.
There is a simple fix, which HOT CoCo
incorporates into every program in which
this problem is encountered.
If you don' t know what Color Basic
ROM version you have, type EXEC
4 1 1 75 after you first turn on your com­
puter. The ROM version will be printed
on the screen.
• Extended Basic 1 .0-Has bugs in the
PCLEAR, P R INT U S ING, and
DLOAD statements.
• Extended Basic I . I -Fixes the above­
mentioned bugs.
• Disk Basic 1 .0-This is in the disk
controller cartridge used with the grey
CoCos and grey disk drives. The 1 .0 Disk
ROM is incompatible with the white 64K
CoCos and CoCo 2s .
• Disk Basic I . I -Works faster than 1 .0,
but you can use the I. I Disk Basic con­
troller with the older, grey CoCos. Also,
many routines have been moved, making
some programs written using the 1 . 0 Disk
ROM incompatible with the I . I ROM.
(See "A Quick Fix for Your Disk ROM,"
by Mike Meehan, HOT CoCo, February
1985, p. 44, for a utility that overcomes this
incompatibility in most cases.)•
February 1985
HOT CoCo
1I
.------L etters to the Editor---.
CGP- 1 15 Screen Dump
Does anyone have a good word processor or
screen dwnp for the CGP- 1 1 5 printer? I have
a 64K extended with cassette. I ' d welcome pro­
grams from anyone out there. Your Feedback
feature is fantastic.
Stephanie Rousseau
2800 Lambertville Of
Ste-Foy, Quebec, P. Q.
Canada, GI V-1B7
Color Computer Applications
Thank you for your review of Color Com­
puter Applications in your September 1 984 is­
sue. I 've had the book for eight months now
and successfully run the programs on my MC­
IO. It's great for exploring design and anima­
tion possibilities.
Thomas Terry
Tallahassee, FL
No More Football
Radio Shack has discontinued making their
ROM pac k , Football, which was like putting a
wounded dog out of its misery. However, I fail
to see a viable replacement for this late, great
game. What's going to happen to us armchair
quarterback computer users?
David A. Czaba
Hamburg, N Y
Repeat-Key Feature
Here is a repeat-key feature for all 64K Tele­
writer-64 users. Just make the following ad­
ditions to your boot program (use a back-up
copy only). I f your disk drive will handle 6ms,
then include line 3 1 0 (DOS 1 .0 or I . I versions).
Jim Kalac
Boring, OR
Making Noises Faster
P hilip McLaughlin in " Making Noises"
(HOT CoCo, October 1 984, p . 34) gives a
good example of efficiency in programming
under t he heading Octaves. H owever, t h e
FOR . . . NEXT loop a s presented in lines 230260 can be made faster by removing t h e
"string" manipulation.
The technique below can be applied t o the
ORA W statement as well as the PLAY. I t
isn ' t new and probably was found b y disas­
sembling Basic.
As per article:
230FOR LOOP = IT05
2400S = "0" + STR$(LOOP)
250PLAY0$
255PLA Y" I ;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9; IO; 1 1 ; 1 2 ; "
260NEXT
Suggested code:
! FO R L = IT05
2PLAY " 0 = L ; I ;2;3 ; 4 ; 5;6;7;8;9; 1 0 ; 1 1 ; 1 2 ; "
3NEXT
B e sure t o have a semicolon a fter t h e
" = Variable" o r you'll get a function-code
(FC) error.
Robert Gault
Grosse Pointe Woods, Ml
Croaker Series Addition
Here is a method to assemble Croaker on Tan­
dy's EDT ASM + . Croaker must be assembled
using the AO (absolute origin) option. In other
words, assemble it to tape with A/ AO/WE.
The AO option must be used on all six parts
so the object code will begin at the origin ad­
dress listing at the beginning of the source
code. Otherwise, the object code will be assem­
bled wherever the assembler has free memory.
This will cause the game to run incorrectly, and
Part 4 will even return error messages.
Mike Meehan
Clearwater, FL
3 � 5 POK E & H 9 4 A l , 5 7 : PO K E & H 9 4 A 2 , � : P
O K E & H 9 4 A 3 , � : PO K E & H 9 4 A 4 , & H B D : P O K E
& H 9 4 A 5 , P E E K ( & HA ��� ) : POKE& H 9 4 A 6 , P
E E K ( & H A� � l ) : A = & H 9 4 A 7
3 � 6 REAoAS : I FAS < > " X " THENPOKE A , VA
L ( " & H " +A $ ) : A = A + l : GOT03�6
3 � 7 P O K E & H A � � � r & H 9 4 : PO K E & H A � � l , &
HA 4
3 1 � POK E & H D 6 C D , � : POK E & H D 7 2 3 , 2 � : '
FOR DOS l . � : ' PO K E & H D 7 C� , � : PO K E & H
D 8 1 6 , 2 � : ' FOR D O S 1 . 1
4 � � DATA 3 4 , 6 , 2 7 , F , B l , 9 4 , A 2 , 2 7 , l
l , C6 , 1 F , F 7 , 9 4 , A3 , B7 , 9 4 , A2 , 2� , l 5 ,
B 7 , 9 4 , A2 , 3 5 , 6
4 1 � DATA 4 D , 3 9 , 8 1 , C , 2 7 , F 5 , 7 D , 9 4 ,
A 3 , 2 7 , 5 , 7 A , 9 4 , A3 , 6 F , E 4
4 2 � DATA C C , F F , FF , FD , l , 5 2 , FD , l , 5
4 , FD , l , 5 6 , F D , l , 5 8 , 2 � , DD , X
Program Listing I. Repeat-Key Feature
12
HOT CoCo
February 1985
QType Clarified
Several people have written to me about the
problems they experienced with " QType"
(HOT CoCo, November 1 984, p . 30). There is
some confusion about t h e arrows in lines 50
and 1 20. The footnote (change all underline
characters to u p arrows when typing this in)
should be ignored. The first arrow (pointing to
the left) should be just that: an arrow pointing
to the left. I t is the underline that should be
ignored. The arrow pointing to the left is
CHR$(95) and is generated by holding down
the shift key and then pressing the u p arrow
key.
Robert E . Culler
Los A ngeles, CA
Mead D a ta Central
Access Increased
An article by Bobby Ballard i n the Septem­
ber HOT CoCo (p.82) includes two inaccur­
acies about the database services of Mead
Data Central.
The article states that the information re­
trieval services are o n l y available t h rough
Mead Data Central terminals. This has not
been true since December 1 98 3 , when users of
the IBM PC, I B M Displaywriter, IBM 3 1 0 1 ,
and TeleVideo 950 first gained access.
S i nce t h e n , L e x i s , N e x i s , L e x pa t , E x ­
change, N A A R S , l n fo B a n k , Eclipse, and
other Mead Data Central services have be­
come accessible through the I B M 3270 P C ,
I BM Portable PC, Wang Professional Com­
puter, Apple I I I , Xerox 820- 1 1 , and the new
AT&T Personal Computer. Access is expected
soon through the Apple Macintosh, Apple I l e
a n d Apple I le, a s w e l l a s through other pop­
ular micros and terminals.
A l s o , M r . B a l l a r d suggests t h a t L e x i s ,
Nexis, and Lexpat are "specifically geared t o
lawyers and communications professional s . "
In fact , Mead Data Central's services are also
used by executives and staff in advertising,
government, engineering, finance, public a f­
fairs, business analysis, and any other field
where fast, thorough research is valued. Law­
yers and communications specialists are cer­
tainly major users of the Mead Data Central
database but not exclusive ones.
A ndrea Axelrod
Jeffcoat Schoen & Morrell Inc.
New York, NY 10021
Oops!
The Systems Requirements for "Machine­
Language Disk 110" (HOTCoCo, December
1984, p. 70) should read: Disk Basic ROM
1.0.
In Doctor A SCII, SDUMPX2 (H O T
CoCo, December 1984, p. 89) has a number
missing in line 4 10. Line 410 should read:
DA TA 27, 90, 0, 2 7, 65, 8, 13, 255, 0, 0.
Thi5 will return the printer head on the Gem­
ini !OX lo the left side of the page and move
down a line. -eds.
The Korean CoCo
Radio Shack has just released its sixth ver­
sion of the CoCo motherboard since the com­
puter's inception in 1980. The predecessors
were the C, D, E, F, and original CoCo I I
motherboards.
The newest l 6K Co Co 11 s with the raised
keyboard (Catalog #26-3 1 34 and #26-3 1 36)
are now being manufactured in Korea. J was
surprised at what I saw inside this new ma­
chine. The 6847 VDG, the 6809E CPU , and the
Lett e rs to the Ed i to r
ATTENTION
_
____,
two ROM chips (Extended and Basic) were no
longer socketed! After overcoming this shock,
l saw the reality of manufacturing a machine
that will now retail for less than $ 1 00. Elimi­
nation of sockets by wave soldering these chips
saves production costs and helps Tandy meet
these new price points.
The RAM chips are now aligned in two rows
with three on the top and five on the bottom.
These chips and the 6883 SAM chips are the
only chips that have sockets on this new board.
Upgrading to 64K is still extremely easy. The
RAM sockets are still numbered 14-2 1 , but
thereare no more W 1 solder pads. Instead, be­
t ween resistors R7 and R27 at the lower left side
of the board is a white rectangular box with
two solder pads inside it.
On the top of the box, i t says 64K RAM and
on the bottom, it reads J 1 . Run a jumper be­
tween these two pads and replace the SV 1 6 K
chips with (eight) 64K RAMs, a n d voila, yrm
now have 64K. It is also easier to run this
jumper than i t was on the Wl pads because
now it is more in the open.
The 5-amp regulator has been replaced with
a I -amp regulator, and the 6822 PIA chip has
been replaced with a Motorola 6733 1 chip.
Also, the R F modulator is now parallel to the
board, and the power supply i s enclosed inside
a cage. Finally, a part of the board actually ex­
tends underneath the keyboard and gives you
the overall impression of a smaller mother­
board .
FOREIGN COMPUTER
STORES/MAGAZINE DEALERS
You have a large technical audience that speaks English and is in nee« of the
kind of microcomputer information that CW Communications/Peterborough
provides.
Provide your audience with the magazines they nee« and make money at the
same time. For details on selling 80 Micro, inCider, HOT CoCo, and RUN,
contact.
SANORA JOSEPH WORLD WIDE MEDIA
386 PARK AVE . SOUTH NEW YORK, N . Y . 1 00 1 6
PHONE-(2 1 2) 686- 1520 TELEX-620430
DISK
544.95
Bob Rosen
President, Spectrum Products
San Jose, CA
Speed Up Night Racer
"""1•'•'•
••
I found " Night Racer" (HOT CoCo, No­
vember 1 984, p . 52-60) to be an in teresting
game. With some minor changes in Listing 1 8
(Main P rogram), you c a n h a v e a " t urbo
boost" available by pressing the space bar and
holding it down. See the changes in Program
Listing 2. I also found an error that prevents
you from setting your own level. To correct
this, insert line 230. These changes add some
more challenge to the game.
-
ll�
"The Wail Is Finally Over"
ANNOUNCING
Nou•
m•v••!��..����!�.�2,��!��!!
U>llllour 111� Orudge,y oJ using
011
Assemb,er
p,09,am•
a�£111J
lY
•I!
CBASIC Is ,, F.11s1 Mm:hlnr l:1119ua9c lnccger Hil-�lc Con1plier1ha1 c;rn co11vcr1 Cnlur B<lslc fJro9r;m1s inlo rasl mad1hw l;1nguage prngrams_ CRASIC f1•;,1uw� over
100 Dusk Cn111rn<1nds mid hmclhmslhal fully s11111mrl Dl1k. Ta11e, Screen ;ind Prioler 1/0. HI& Low Re.solullon Gr11phlcs. Sound, Play;_ind S1ri11!]0pl•r;iti11nsiusrlall'
C•l•r lfosic. CHASICal'ln lndudcsa jtowcrfol full fvilfurcd B11s/c prugr;un Edicorusinga 51 ,611 or85 by 24 line display. Thi! H�Rclinlullon dl-.pl.1y.·;rn h1• ;u11nn1ari·
cally lnduih•d in y•ur cornpll1•d progr.>m for l'llh,.nnal dis11li1y c11pablllty and allow mixed w:ii:r ¥ml gMphlc dlsplilys.
Gr,.pMu Comm.and•·
....
So11nd Comm.ands:
s1r-1n11 rw11c11
Nunt�rlc
Robert A. Essig
Ashtabula, OH
Progr.am Conlrol:
CIRCl.f.. COLOK.CLS. £>HAW. GET. LINE. PAINT.
PCl..S. PCOPY. PMODC. PRESET.' PSET, l'lJT.
RF.SH. SCREEN. fiF.T. POINT, PPOINT
G<HOtGOSl
Pl.AY. SOUND
OFF
ORG, REM OR", END. DIM. ENO. BASF.. RAM.ON/
. RAM64K. HIRES.GF.NF.UATT:. DPSET. STACK
CHllS. l.EFTS. MIDS. HIGllTS. l..EN. INSTR. LSf.T.
HSH. mMS. STA$. STRINGS. INKEVS, MKNS
n..::
F1111clloni:
LINE EDIT. AUTO Eon. COPY. MOVE. Rt:NUM·
DER. AUTO UNF.•. PRINTER. UST. Df.l..ETL
.\OS.POS. TIMER. KNO. ASC. TAO.CAl.JOYSTK.
PEEK. POKE. LOC. I.Of. F.OF, FREE. CVN. EftR.
VARPTR. SWAP
Sf.ARCH. Rt:PlACE. RAUD RAlE. f'RINfr.R
CBASIC. TAPPE.ND. SKIP. SIZE. LOi\O. SAVE.
APPEND. KILi. DIR. An<I rnu<h. mu<h m<-.....
OPES. CLOSE. INf'llT, UNEINPUT. PRINTWRITE.
PRINT�. GET. PUT. KJU.CHAINM. AElD. DATA.
H[J\D. RESTORE
1/0 Cnmn1.an.dt.:
FOR/NEXT/STEP.
GOTO/GOSUB.
IF/Tin.NI
ELSE. REnJHN. STOP. HF. Tl. O N n
IB.
ON f.HROR. ON RF.SET. ON IRQ/FIRQ/NMI. ON
OVR/NOVR. EXEC. LET
REQUIRES J2K .and Disk. 64K rccomm.,ndot"d
Introductory Price $ 1 1 9.00
Regularly S 1 49.00
3 4 I F P E E K ( 3 4 5 ) = 2 4 7 T H E N POKE 6 5
4 9 5 , � : PO K E 3 4 5 , 2 5 5 : GOT04 � : E L S E P
OKE 6 5 49 4 , �
3 6 FOR T = l TO Z * 3 : N E X T T
4� IF P E E K ( l � 2 4 +C ) < > 1 4 4 T H E N 9 �
9 � POKE 6 5 4 9 4 , � : R C = RC+ l : FO RE= B TO
�STEP-l : C LSE : S O U N D 5 , l : N EXT E : I F R
C = 3 T H E N 3 3 � E L S E FOR E=�T04 8 � S T
E P 3 2 : P R I N T @ E , BL $ ; : N E X T E : GOT06�
2 3 � C$=CHRS ( l 7 5 ) : C= 4 9 5
Program Listing 2 . Night Racer Changes
NEW IMPROVED VERSION
•
•
UP TO 85 CHARACTERS PER LINE
READABILITY
· ADJUSTABLEAUTOMATIC KEY REPEAT
- PROPTECT 1·23 SCREEN LINES
• CONTROL CODE KEYBOARD
RJl.1.Ylil\SlC COMJ>Allm£
• OISYLAY fORM.l\rS Of 2!l to ��) ntl\flAClfR.S
• FULL%
•
t.IPPf .R/LO\Vf.R C1\Sf.Cl to\JIACTI:RS
PfR
UNE:
Ml)(f..I) (jRl\f'ttrCS£: TF.,TOH Sf l'Altl\T(
Gfll\1-'lIC & ll'XT SCl\EtNS
• INDIVIDUAL CHAltt\CTEH I tl(",Jll l(;JfnNG
• llf.VUISE CllMACTIJI HJGI ll IC.I IT MOOE
• Wl'UTI� IN FAST
IANC.UAGE
• 1\l.lTOMATlC UF.LOCAUS TOT<lJ'OI' l<1f12K
MActllN[
• AUTOMATICAIJ...V
Send your letters to Letters to the
Editor, HOT CoCo, 80 Pine St.,
Peterborough, NH 03458.
• RF.VF.1151:
•
O
�I
5U f'O l
SClt£FN
P
l TSMKofflAM wnHRE�f.TCOl'HllOI
SllE CHt\llACff.RS
· EKASE TOF.NO orUNf.
: �:�:.i�t�OFSCHEEN
NE rnAKAcrm Circle Reader Service card
HOM[CllRSOR& CLF.Afi SC'.UE[N
• BctL TO
•
·
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• COMl'ATIAU;: WITT! 111.l
.. TM'f. &
,,,- See List of Advertisers on page 89
All ORDERS SHIPPED FROM STOCK
AOOS2.50 POSTAGE
(•
SCMf.[N lJNOERUNE
• OOUOLE
11335
��
,
' \
2K
.
S:!Q•I•,
5566 Rleochec AYenue LaS �s. Nevada 89110
nlSI( SYSTEMS
(702) 452-0632
February 1985
HOT CoCo
13
The Basic Beat
___
,.�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
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DATAmania
by James W. Wood
N
eed to store any information?
Want an easy way to create a
computerized greeting card, or how
about a quiz that shuffles the ques­
tions? The Basic Beat presents DATA­
m a nia, lessons in using the DAT A
statement to achieve these and other
programming tricks.
Program Listing I isn't very excit­
ing, but I have to start somewhere. It
uses READ and DATA together; each
one is useless without the other. Your
CoCo won't notice DATA without
READ, and a READ without DATA
will create an OD (out of data) error.
In the listing, READ A $ looks for a
string variable in a DATA line. It finds
HOTCoCo and then prints A$, in this
case, HOT CoCo.
Program Listing 2 uses a variable
without a dollar sign ($). H ere, the
READ assigns the value it finds in a
DATA line to the variable, W. There­
fore, it prints 49.
READ can recognize more than one
value. Line 20 in Program Listing 3
reads five variables and uses them in an
equation. Notice the location of the
DATA line in all three listings : I ts
placement isn't critical. I f I ' m writing
a program with a few DATA lines that
I won't add to later on, I place them
near the READ statement. If my pro­
gram contains a lot of data that I might
change later, I prefer to place this data
at the end of the program listing.
The first READ statement reads the
DATA in the lowest numbered DATA
line. Therefore, if there are two READ
statements in a program, make sure
that the DATA for the first has a lower
line number than the DATA for the
second .
Program Listing 4 lets you store
names and perhaps an ID number.
You could change the variables that
read the numbers from N to N$, be­
cause any number that isn't used in an
14
HOT CoCo
February 1985
arithmetic calculation can be stored
and read as a string. For example, you
rarely use telephone numbers in an ad­
dition or multiplication problem. I f
the computer read long I D numbers as
numbers instead of strings, it would
tend to change them to scientific no­
tatio n . The Coco cou l d n ' t read a
phone number with a hyphen (-) sep­
arating the digits as a numeric varia­
ble. As a rule, store your numbers as
strings if you are not going to use them
mathematically.
Listing 4 shows signs of usefulness,
but it only prints bunches of i n for­
mation. You couldn't use it for a com­
p u ter searc h . The program d o e s
illustrate, however, that the number of
items in the READ line doesn't have to
match the number o f items i n the
DATA line. The program keeps track
of the ones it has read, and the next
READ begins with the next item that
hasn't been read. The item can be in
the same DATA line, or on another.
Program Listing 5 is a telephone
searc h . W i t h numbers and names
stored in the DAT A lines, you can
search for a number that corresponds
to a name you enter, or you can search
for a name that has a certain number.
Finding the right phone number by
typing in your cousin's name sounds
like a good idea, and a reversed search
also helps when you jot a number on a
piece of paper, then come across it
later and can't remember who the
number belongs to.
See if you can get Listing 5 to find the
correct information when you give it
only part of a name. Lines 30-60 give
you the choice of searching by name or
number. Lines 70- 1 30 search by num­
ber. You might want to modify the in­
structions for numbers that include an
area code. NW is a variable stored in line
250. It tells how many names and num­
bers are in the list. To add or delete
DATA lines, you only need to change
the number of names in line 250.
Line 1 30 is what's known as "user
friendliness." Line 1 1 0 sets F equal to
I if it finds a match. I f F isn't made
equal to 1 , then line 1 30 prints "None
Found . " Lines I 50-2 1 0 search for a
number to go with a name. These lines
work the same as do lines 70- 1 30. Line
230 RESTOREs the DATA and sets F
equal to 0 aga i n . The RESTORE
causes the next READ to read the first
data item; otherwise, you'll get an O D
error.
Program Listing 6 is an example of
an electronic birthday card . It shows
that not only can the computer print
DATA items; it can also use them to
locate a PRINT; it can SOUND them;
or it can SET, POKE, or use them with
any Basic command.
Line 20 reads four numbers. These
indicate a PRINT@ position, a string
to print, a tone, and the length of the
tone. You can change the ' 'per ' ' and
"son" in lines 220-230 to a real per­
son's name. The lowercase letters ap­
pear on your screen as green letters on
a black background. Use a shifted 0 to
change to lowercase, and again to re­
turn to uppercase.
Program Listings 7a and 7b per­
form the same tasks: Each one dis­
plays a star design . Listing 7b uses
fewer SETs and parentheses, which
makes it easier to type, but it's harder
for a beginner to understand.
Program Listings 8a and 8b also do
the same j obs: Each draws my special
tomato worm. As graphic strings be­
come longer, use the DATA method
of storing CHR$ graphics-unless you
like to type hundreds of + CHR$( )s.
Program Listing 9 is an improved
version of the quiz program in the Jan­
uary Basic Beat. It still uses an array to
store questions, and it shuffles the ques­
tions. The program reads the questions
The Basic Beat
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
and answers into an array instead of set­
ting each one equal to an element of the
array. For example , S$( 1 ) = " I LLI­
N OlS" : C $ ( 1 ) = "SPRINGFIELD. "
This way, the DATA lines are much
easier to read than they would be other­
wise. You could easily modify Listing 9
to use it with other types of questions
(e.g., presidents and vice presidents, eleUl READ A$
21!' DATA HOT COCO
3jl' P R I NTA$
Program Lisling I
19 R EA D W
2)! P R I NT W
3)! DATA 4 9
Program Lisling 2
l)l
20
3)!
4 1\
DATA 4 , S , 6 , 7 , B
READ R , S , T , U , V
Z = ( S + U +V ) / ( R + T )
P R I NT Z
Program Lisling 3
19
2)!
3 )!
4 1!'
S )l
6)!
7 )!
FORA = lT06
R EAD N A $ , N
P R INTNA$ , N
N E XTA
DATA F R E D , 7 2 , G EORGE , 9 S
DATA H A R R Y , 6 3 , B I L L I E , B 6
DATA B R E N D A , 9 4 , PA M E L A , 7 B
_____,
ments and their symbols, or animals
and their scientific names).
Program Listing 10 shows the pop­
ular method of reading data to POKE
a machine-la nguage program i nto
memory. Run the listing and move
your right joystick from side to side.
Impressive, isn't it? If you own a 4K
machine, change each 1 6000 to 4000 .
l )l C L S B
2 B FORA= l T0 2 6 : R E A D A $ , P , T , D
3 )! P R I NT@ P , A $ ; : SO U N DT , D : N EX T A
4 B DATAhap , 1 3 3 , B 9 , 2
S B DATApy , 1 3 6 , B 9 , 2
6 )! DATAbi r t h , 1 3 9 , l B B , 4
7 B DATAda y , 1 4 4 , B 9 , 4
B B DATAt o , 1 4 B , 1 3 3 , 4
9 B DATAyo u , 1 S l , 1 2 S , B
l B B DATAhap , 1 9 7 , B 9 , 2
l l B DATApy , 2 )! )! , B 9 , 2
1 2 B DATAb i r t h , 2 0 3 , l B B , 4
1 3 B DATAd a y , 2 )! B , B 9 , 4
1 4 B DATAt o , 2 1 2 , 1 4 7 , 4
l S B DATAyou , 2 1 S , 1 3 3 , B
1 6 B DATAha p , 2 S 9 , B 9 , 2
1 7 B DATApy , 2 6 2 , B 9 , 2
l B B DATAb i r t h , 2 6 S , 1 7 6 , 4
1 9 )! DATAd a y , 2 7 )! , l S 9 , 4
2 B B DATAde , 2 7 4 , 1 3 3 , 2
2 1 B DATAa r , 2 7 6 , 1 3 3 , 2
2 2 B DATApe r , 2 7 9 , 1 2 S , 4
2 3 B DATA s o n , 2 B 2 , l B B , 4
2 4 B DATAha p , 3 2 S , 1 6 S , 2
2 S B DATApy , 3 2 B , 1 6 S , 2
2 6 B DATAbi r t h , 3 3 1 , l S 9 , 4
2 7 0 DATAd a y , 3 3 6 , 1 3 3 , 4
2 B B DATAto , 3 4 B , 1 4 7 , 4
2 9 B DATAyou , 3 4 3 , 1 3 3 , B
3 B B FORT = l T O l )l )l : N E XTT : FORT = l T O S 0
: C L S R ND ( 9 ) - l : N EXTT : C L S
31B CLS
Program Lisling 4
19 C L S
2 )! P R I NT " S EA R C H B Y ( P ) HO N E O R ( N
) AM E '
3 )! P R I NT " T Y P E F I RST L ETTER A N D '
ENTER ' " : I N PUT Q$
4)! I F Q $ = " P " T H EN 7)!
Sjl' I F Q $ = " N " T H E N l S )l
6 9 GOT0 3 )!
7 )! P R I NT " E N T E R N U MB E R AS ' X X X - X X
X X ' " : I N PUT P W $
BB READ N N
9 )! FOR A=l T O N N
l)!B R E A D P $ , N $
1 1 0 I F P$ =PW$ T H E N P R I NTN $ : F = l
1 2 )! N E X T A
1 3 )! I F F = )l T H E N P R I N T " N O N E F O U N D
Program Lisling 6
lB
2B
3B
4 )!
sB
6 )!
7B
BB
99
CLS0
S ET ( l 2 , l , 3 ) : S E T ( 4 B , l , 4 )
S ET ( 2 )! , B , 4 ) : S ET ( 4 )! , B , 3 )
S E T ( 2 , 1 S , 4 ) : S ET ( l 6 , 1 S , 3 )
s E'l' ( 3 B , 1 s , s l
SET( 4 4 , 1 S , 4 ) : SET( S B , l S , 3 )
SET ( 2 B , 2 2 , 4 ) : S ET ( 4 B , 2 2 , 3 )
S ET ( l 2 , 2 9 , 3 ) : S ET ( 4 B , 2 9 , 4 )
GOT09)!
Program Lisling 7a
lB C L S B
2 )! F O R A = l TO 1 3 : R E A D X , Y , Z
3 )! S ET ( X , Y , Z ) : N EXT A
4)! GOT04B
SB DATA 1 2 , l , 3 , 4 B , l , 4 , 2 )! , B , 4
6 B DATA 4 )! , B , 3 , 2 , l S , 4 , 1 6 , l S , 3
7 0 DATA 3 )! , l S , S , 4 4 , l S , 4 , S B , l S , 3
B B DATA 2 B , 2 2 , 4 , 4 B , 2 2 , 3 , 1 2 , 2 9 , 3
9 0 DATA 4 B , 2 9 , 4
l BB GOTOlBB
Program Listing 1 1 is my introduc­
tion to next month's Basic Beat. It will
include lots of fast-moving graphics,
so pick up a copy and find out why
they call it the Color Computer. •
A ddress correspondence to James
Wood, 424 Missouri, Box 507, A t­
wood, IL 61913.
lB C L S B
2 B FORA = l TO B : R E A D C
3)! A $ = A $ + C HR $ ( C ) : N E X T A
4B P R I NT @ l 7 )! , A $ ;
SB GOTO S )!
6 B DATA 1 B B , 1 4 2 , 1 S B , 2 S 4 , 2 S 4 , 1 S B ,
1 4 2 , lJB
Program Lisling Bb
19 CLS : C L EA R 3 B B
2 9 N = l B : D I M S $ ( N ) , C $ ( N ) , P ( l )l )
3 )! FOR A = l TO N : R E A D S $ ( A ) , C $ ( A )
: NEXT A
4B FOR A = l TO N : P ( A ) =B : N EX T A
S B F O R A = l TO N
6B R = RN D ( N ) : I F P ( R ) = l T H E N 60 E L
SE P ( R ) = l
7 )! P R I N T " WHAT I S T H E C A P I T O L O F
" ; S$ ( R )
B B I N PUT CW$
9 )! IF CW$ = C $ ( R ) T H EN P R I N T " CORREC
T " : C = C + l ELSE P R I N T " SO R R Y , I T I S
" ;C$ ( R )
l B)l N E XT A
1 1 9 P R I N T " YO U GOT " ; C ; " OUT O F " ; N ;
" CO R R ECT "
1 2 )! I N P U T " P L A Y AGAI N ( Y/N ) " ; P A $
1 3 )! I F P A$ = " Y " T H E N 4 B E L S E I F P
A $ = " N " T H EN E N D E L S E 1 2B
1 4 )! DATA I L LI NO I S , S P R I NG F I E L D
l S B DATA N E W H A M P S H I RE , CONCORD
1 6 B DATA A L A BAMA , MONTGOM E R Y
1 7 B DATA COLORADO , D EN V E R
l B )l D A T A D E LAWA R E , DOVER
19B DATA G E O RG I A , ATLANTA
2 )!)! DATA MONTANA , H E L E N A
2 1 )! D A T A I N D I ANA , I N D I ANAPOL I S
2 2 )! DATA N EVADA , CARSON C I T Y
2 3 )! D A T A SOUTH CAROL I N A , CO L U M B I A
Program Lisling 9
19 C L E A R 2 )! )! , 1 6 B B B
2 9 FOR A = l 6 B B B TO 1 6 )! 1 9
3 )! R E A D B : PO K E A , B : N E X T A
4)! DATA l B 9 , 16 9 , 2 2 2 , l B 2 , 1 , 9 jl' , 1 3 9
, 1 2 B , 1 4 2 , 4 , B , 1 6 7 , l2 B , 1 4 B , 6 , )l , 3 B ,
2 4 9 , 3 2 , 236
S B EXEC l 6 B B B
1 4 0 GOTO 2 2 )!
l S )l I N P UT " N A ME " ; NW$
1 6 0 READ N N
1 7 )! F O R A = l TO N N
lBB R E A D P $ , N $
1 9 )! I F N $ =NW$ T H EN P R I NT P $ : F = l
2 1!' )! N E X T A
2 1 )! I F F = )!T H E N P R I NT " NO N E FOU N D "
2 2 )! I NPUT" ANOTH E R S EA R C H ( Y/N ) " ;
JS
2 3 )! I F J $ = " Y ' T H EN R E STOR E : F= B : G
OT02B
2 4 B IF J $ = " N " T H EN END E L S E 2 2 B
2 S 0 DATA S
2 6 B DATA S S S - 3 4 S 2 , F R E D H I L L
2 7 )! DATA S S S - 1 9 2 3 , H A R R Y S M I T H
2 B B DATA S S S - 3 4 9 B , B I L L JONES
29B DATA S S S - B B 6 7 , G EORGE PATTAR
30B DATA S S S - 6 2 9 S , T R EVOR MOO R E
1 9 C L S.0
2B A $ =C H R $ ( l B B ) 1 C H R $ ( 1 4 2 ) + C H R $ ( 1
S B ) +C H R $ ( 1 S B ) +C H R $ ( 2 S 4 ) + C H R $ ( 2 S 4
) +CHR$ ( 1 S B ) +CHR$ ( 1 4 2 ) +CHR$ ( 1 3 B )
3 )! P R I NT@ l 7 )! , A $ ;
4B GOT0 4 B
1 9 CLSB
2 )! FOR A=l TO 3 2 : A $ = A $ + C H R $ ( 2 S S )
: NEXT A
3)! B $ = A $ + " BA S I C " +C H R$ ( 2 S S ) + " B EAT
" +A $
4 )! FORA = l T04 2 : SO U N D R N D ( 2 )!)! ) , l : P
R I NT @ l 6 )! , M I D S ( B $ , A , 3 2 ) ; : N E X T
S B GOT0 4 B
Program Lisling 5
Program Lisling Ba
Program Lis1ing JJ
Program Lisling 10
Program Lis1ing 7b
February 1985
HOT CoCo
15
REVIEW
BY TERRY KEPNER
TExTPRo lll A KEY To
BEITER WORD PROCESSING
Unlock your printer 's specialfeatures
with this professional, line-oriented text editor.
I
I
ease of use
documentation
error handling
performance
10
9
8
7
6
5
.c
3
2
1
'
Application Software
prints ASCII files. Imbedded com­
mands let TextPro I I I format text for
printing.
With TextPro I I I , the only limita­
tion to the length of your files is the
amount of space available on your
data disk, not the memory available
in your computer. In a 64K computer,
TextPro I I I gives you a text bu ffer of
approximately 44,000 characters. I f
you need more than that, you can
"roll" part of your text buffer's con­
tents onto your data disk. On a single-
TextPro III, V3.2 (disk)
Cer-Comp
5566 Ricochet Ave.
Las Vegas, N V 89110
702-452-0632
64K, Extended Color Basic
$49.95 cassette
$59.95 disk
I
f you ' re looking for a powerful,
easy-to-use, disk-based word pro­
cessor that provides full access to all
your printer' s special features, con­
sider TextPro I I I . This word proces­
sor is designed for the 64K Color
Computer, and Cer-Comp makes ver­
sions that work with the Word-Pak
80-character video cartridge and the
TG-99 disk system.
TextPro I I I is actually two pro­
grams in one. It's a text editor that
creates ASCII files of up to l 56K i n
l e n g t h , a n d a t e x t p r ocessor t h a t
16
HOT CoCo
February 1985
ll/ustration by Nina Winters
drive system the practical limit t o the
text is half the space of a blank data
d i s k , w h i c h on a s t a n d ar d R a d i o
S h ac k d a t a d i s k w o r k s o u t t o b e
a b o u t 4 3 d o u b l e-spaced p a g e s o f
print. You need two files t o work with
any manuscript longer than the mem­
ory available in your computer-one
for the input file and one for the output
file. The output file contains all the
changes you made to the input file.
If you have a two-drive system , the
file size limit is the full space available
on a disk ( 1 56K) because you can put
the input-file data disk i n one drive and
the output-file data disk in the other
drive. However, a file can't span more
than one data disk.
This approach to large file handling
does have a drawback. If there is a
power failure, a power fluctuation that
lasts long enough to a ffect your com­
puter's memory, or any problem that
forces a restart of the computer, you
will not only lose your latest, u ns aved
corrections in memory, but also the en­
tire output file. TextPro III has to prop­
erly close a file or else the DOS simply
ignores it. If this makes you nervous,
the best solution is to make disk back­
ups frequent l y . I f y o u r file is s m al l
enough to fit entirely i n memory, this is
not a problem; i n the event o f a power
failure, you lose only what's in mem­
ory, not what's on the dis k .
TextPro is a line-oriented word pro­
cessor that operates l ike a typewriter.
You type until you reach the right mar­
gin and then press the enter key to re­
turn to the next line. A tone sounds to
warn you that you are only I 0 charac­
ters away from the end of the l ine. The
line length is preset at 80 characters, but
you can set it to any value up to 255 by
using the L LI NE command . At the end
of a line, you can press either the enter
key to go to the next line, or the clear
key to keep typing on that line. No line
can exceed 255 characters.
Unlike a typewriter, you h ave to
number each line of text with this pro­
gram. However, it does have an auto­
matic li ne-number routine for long
periods of typing. You need line num­
bers because they are the main method
of manipulating text for editing. You
use them to specify lines for listing,
m o v i n g , copyi n g , delet i n g , s t r i n g
searching, and string replacing. String
search and string replacement are lim­
ited to text that is contained in one line.
The program lists exact matches only.
Suppose you are looking for the
ASC I I string " the answer . " If one
line has " the" and the next has "an­
swer ", the string won' t match. The
only way to find it is to search for
either "the" or "answer" separately,
which might take a little longer. Sim­
ilarly, the program does not read up­
per- and lowercase strings of the same
letters as the same string. Searching
for "Basic" won ' t glean " basic" or
"BASI C . "
A fter you create a text file, you
want to edit i t . Like Basic, TextPro
uses a separate edit mode for altering
lines. In this mode you can move left
and right on a speci fied line, insert
and delete characters, move to the be­
ginning or end of the line, exit the edit
mode without storing changes, exit
the edit mode and save the changes,
chop off a line from the point where
you locate the cursor and exit t he ed it
mode, go back to the previous line,
and go on to the next line. Changing
l i n es i n the exit mode e r ases a n y
changes you've made.
TextPro I I I lets you switch off be­
tween a high-resolution display and
the normal 32-column by 1 6-row dis­
play the CoCo provides . The back­
ground color in the hi-res mode is
adjustable. The hi-res screen is partic­
ularly helpful for preparing text files
with margins wider than 64 charac­
ters, but the characters become too
small to read.
Text Processing
TextPro I I I prints your documents
according to the line length you select.
�
See List of Advertisers on page 89
The program ignores the line lengths
you m ight use i n the edit mode.
TextPro breaks u p lines i n your manu­
script that are no longer than the line
length you select. It adds together
li nes that are shorter than you have
specified . You can turn off this fea­
ture for printing tables or other spe­
cial documents that you want printed
exactly as you enter them . You can
also set the program for left, righ t , or
full-justi fication.
Most o f TextPro's commands are
the same as other word processors,
but its footnote, tab, text-repeat, and
character-fill options are unusual and
extremely usefu l . Students, profes­
sors, and researchers might find it in­
valuable to be able to place footnotes
at the bottom of the page automati­
cally and without complex calcula­
tions. The justification options and
the t a b s e t t i n g s m a k e g r a p h i c a l l y
complex tables easy to create. The
text repeat comman d , when used in
conjunction w i t h t h e text input com­
mand, can help you develop person­
alized form letters or notices . And the
character- fi l l command reduces the
room you need to make page banners
and other attention-get ting devices.
The TextPro III manual has more
than 60 8 Yz - by I I -inch spiral-bound
pages . It is divided into three sections:
the editor commands , the processor
commands, and a 20-page tutorial. I n
spite o f a few typographical errors,
the manual does a good job of de­
scribing and explaining how to use the
program .
TextPro I I I is a powerful word­
processor. To me, it has j ust one, al­
beit minor, flaw : I t doesn' t automat­
ically drop and return to the next line
when you are entering text. You must
press t he enter key at the end of a
screen line. I ' m used to other systems
t h a t e n ter a u t o m a t i c a l l y . B u t you
are n't likely to be bothered by t h i s if
you are used to a typewriter for gen­
erating text. Despite this minor i ncon­
venience, TextPro III is loaded with
smart features that make it a word
processor to consider . •
ircle Reader Service card #536
ATM-80
DATA A C Q U I S I T I O N & C O NTRO L SYSTEM
F O R THE COLOR COM PUTER
APPLICATIONS:
•
EllERGY MANAGEMENT • PROCESS CONTROL • SCIENTIFIC
ROB OTICS
•
TECHNICAL EDUCATION
• SECURITY SYSTEMS
FEATURES·
•
20us B-BIT A-TO·O CONVERTER • 32-CHANNEL ANALOG
MULTIPLEXER • PROGRAMMABLE GAIN AMPLIFIER • PEAK
D ETECTOR AMPLIFIER •B-BIT 0-TO-A CONVERTER • 4-BIT 110
PORT (PROGRAMMABLE)
•
2K RAM • CONTROL S O FTW ARE
IN ROM • U SER'S MANUAL
ASSEMBLED & TESTE D .
. •
MANUAL. .
S IB4.95
. . $ 15.00
. . .. . . . . . . . . . . .
CLOCK/CAL/MEM CARTRIDGE
FEATURES:
•
COUNTS HOURS. MIN . SEC .. M O NTH. DATE. DAY O F WEEK.
YEAR. LEAP YEAR
• PROGRAMMABLE INTERRUPT T I M E R (.5.
5.0 ANO 60 SECOND INTERVALS)
•
ROM OASEO CONTROL
SOFTWARE • B K RAM SPACE • CLOCK BACKUP BATIERY
ASSEMBLED & TESTE D .
S B9.95
. S I 1 9.95
W/BK RAM . .
For m()(e 1nlormation, call or wri1e to:
CYBERTRON TECHNOLOGY
3 1 3 1 T I M M O N S # 723
HOUSTON. TEXAS 77027
( 7 1 3 ) B•0-1272
This Publication
is available in
Microforn1.
University M icrofi lms
International
11 •1
A ddress correspondence to Terry
Kepner, P. O. Box 481, Peterbor­
ough, NH 03458. Terry Kepner is a
free-lance writer and programmer.
He writes monthly columns for 80
Micro, Portable J O O, and H O T
Coco magazines. He's been writing
about computers since 1979.
•
EXPERI M E NTS
------
i\.JH"-'--111,11 11111111\
S1ri;cL__
S1a1c
/.ip
300 N11nh Z.::..:b R11ad
Dept l'.H
,\nn 1\rbM. :\1i .i�;lnh
February 1985
HOT CoCo
17
GRAPHICS
BY JOEL DOUCET
Symbols and a Color Mouse or joystick
are the reasons why Paint King is a joy to use.
P
aint King lets you create high­
resolution color pictures easily
using only one joystick or the Color
Mouse. The only time you have to use
the keyboard is when you wish to
draw hi-res characters, or to specify a
file to be loaded or saved.
Paint King is as easy to use as pos­
sible. The screen is divided into two
sections. At the left is the menu sec­
tion, which covers about one-th ird of
the screen. The rest of the screen is
devoted to actual drawing space. To
choose a function from the menu, use
the right joystick or mouse to position
cross hairs over the symbol for the
function you w a n t , then press the
right j oystick or mouse button unti l
y o u h e a r a beep.
When you move the cross hairs
over to the drawing portion of the
screen, they'll change to a single dot,
whose use is dependent upon t h e
function you chose. This only hap­
pens with the first menu, since the sec­
ond one doesn't have any functions
that require on-screen drawing.
Draw and Paint
The line function allows you to
draw a line at any angle between two
points. To begin, you move the dot
cursor on the drawing screen, pressing
the button when you wish to set the
starting point for your line. A ft e r
this, when you move t h e dot, a line is
18
HOT Coco
February 1985
drawn and erased swiftly as the dot
moves. When you wish to make the
line permanent, simply press the but­
ton again.
With the paint function, you can
paint inside the black areas of the
screen with 255 different colors and
textures. This is accomplished i n the
program with the commands " POKE
1 7 8 , C C " and " P A IN T( H , V ) , , l " .
The variable CC should have a value
i n the range (0-255 ), which will be the
color code the PAINT command will
use. This POKE command can also
control the color for the LINE and
CIRCLE commands, but this feature
isn ' t used in this program. Try it in
your own programs and d o n ' t be
afraid to experiment. With a little
practice, you'll see great results.
When you choose the paint function,
you see the paint color displayed in
the rectangle above the menu symbol
(a paint brush). If you hold the button
down, new colors are displayed until
you release it. Then you can paint by
moving the cursor dot to the area you
wish to paint and pressing the button.
Before painting, you must make sure
that the area you wish to paint is com­
pletely bounded by a solid c o l o r .
Trying to paint in one o f t h e non­
standard textures often results in un­
expected but interesting effects .The
c l e a r f u n c t i o n , w h i c h is s p e l l e d
" CLR" i n the menu, simply clears the
drawing screen.
Other Functions
To use the hi-res character func­
tion, choose the proper menu item,
move the dot cursor to where you
want to write, and then press the but­
ton. The program writes characters or
numbers on the screen as you type
t h e m , u n t i l y o u press t h e b u tt o n
again.
The erase function lets you erase
parts of the screen in small, block­
shaped chunks. You move a small
flashing square on the screen, and
when you press the button, the area
under that square is erased.
The circle function lets you draw
circles easily. Simply move the cursor
dot to where you want the center o f
the circle t o be and then press the but­
ton. To shrink the circle, move the
joystick to the left; to enlarge it, move
the joystick to the right. Press the but­
ton again to make the circle perma­
nent.
The save function lets you save a
copy of your picture in memory so it's
protected while you make changes.The
System Requirements
32K Extended Color Basic
Cassette or Disk
1 Joystick or Color Mouse
PA IHT K lft6 BY J�L 0001.n
draw function instantly redraws a pic­
ture that has been saved. Choosing the
next menu item displays the program's
second menu of functions.
The fast function uses the speed-up
poke, POKE 65495,0, to make the
program r u n faste r. Choosing t h i s
function a second time slows the com­
puter down by executing a POKE
65494,0 command . If your computer
can't handle these POKEs, don't use
this function. Always make sure the
computer is in slow mode before
doing any loading or saving to tape or
disk. Not paying attention to this ad­
vice won't hurt the computer,' but
funny things may happen.
The 110 ( i n p u t / o u t p u t )device,
load, and save functions let y o u load
or save a screen to tape or dis k . Sim­
ply choose the function you want, press
the button, and type in a file name,
which must be eight characters long .
Caution-A file saved t o tape without
the disk controller won't load when
it's plugged in. The converse is also
true. The invert function lets you i n­
vert all the colors on the drawing
screen.
The screen function switches the
screen between the green screen mode
and the bright " false color" screen
mode. The two ink functions allow
you to choose either light or dark ink
for your l ines and circles. The old
menu function simply returns you to
the first menu . The end function ends
the program.
That's all there is to it. With just a
bit of practice, you ' ll soon draw col­
orfu l h i-res pictu res easily . H av e
fun ! •
Joel Doucet is an educational-soft­
ware writer and author of Owl­
Ware 's S t ellar Search progra m .
Write him a t R . R . #/, Box 3479, Yar­
mouth, Nova Scotia, Canada, B5A
4A5.
4 I PH > 2 4 9THENH = 2 4 9
5 I F V < 2 2THEN V = 2 2
6 I F V > l 8 5 TH E N V = l 8 5
7 RETURN
8 F0RX = 5 T08 : PCOPYX TOX - 4 : N EXTX : R
ETURN
9 I F P E E K ( 6 5 2 80 ) = 1 2 6 0 R P EE K ( 6 5 2 8 0 )
= 2 5 4TH ENJ= l : SOUND200 , l : RETURNELS
EJ=0 : RETURN
1 0 FORX = 4T03 9 S T EP 3 5 : PORY = 2 1 T 0 1 9 0
STEP 3 4 : L I N E ( X , Y ) - ( X+ 30 , Y+ 3 0 ) , PS E
T , B : NEXTY , X : RETURN
-1 1 H=JOYSTK ( 0 ) * 4 : V =JOYSTK ( l ) * 3 : R
ETURN
12 DRAW " C " + STR$ ( C l ) : FORX = l TO L EN (
M$ ) : A $ = M I D$ ( M$ , X , l ) : Y= A S C ( A $ ) : I P
Y > = 6 5 A N D Y < = 9 0 T H E N : Y =Y - 6 5 : GOT0 1 5
1 3 I F Y > = 4 8 AN D Y < = 5 7 T H E N Y = Y - 2 2 : GOT
015
1 4 I PY = 6 3 T H E N Y = 3 6 E L S E C = C + E : NEXT
x
1 5 D R AW " B M " + STR$ ( C ) + " , " +STR$ ( D ) +
0$ ( Y ) : C = C + E : NEXTX : R ETURN
16 S C R E E N 1 , S M : L I N E ( 7 5 , 2 1 ) - ( 2 5 0 , l
0 6 ) , PSE T , 8 : GOSUB1 0 : !:lRAW" B M 5 5:, 4 8 C
l UB L2·b8 (l 2 U 8 L 4 H 2 u l2R 2 ohy 1 b R 2'0 10u
Program Listing I .
0 C L S : C L E A R : P CLEA R8 : PMODE4 , 5 : PC L
S : PMODE4 , l : PC L S : C l = l : PO = l : D I M M 1 (
0 , 3 16 ) , M2 ( 0 , 316 ) , IS ( 0 , 7 1 3 )
1 DIM0$ ( 3 6 ) : FORX=0T03 6 : R EADA$ : 0$
( l( ) =A$ : N,EXTX : DATAIJ 4 E 2°P 2 0 r1A R 4°f), l :
U 6 R 2.F 1 0 2 , 3 R 3°D 2 Gl0L 2: ))3U 1 P � R2 E°i G lL 2°,
H l U4j;lln F l /U6R �f'l � 4 G l L� , R ) L J'UJ,R 2'.
L 2 U 3 R 3 .� 3 R2L2U 3R3, !J S El'Rlr;l'Hl L � G l
05 H ] U J,L t', U 6 D 3 R 3 U3 D6°, B R 1 � ZLl ui;"R u;
2 u1 ot1li3u 6 , u J1fl lF ;:J'.i ' r � i u 6 o6 'il J ',U
6 !' 2 D 2 U 2 8 2 f).6 , U6 F} D 3 U 6
' '
2 OA 'r A �IJl P l,R 2 q l M H l L 2 G)- D4 , .lJ l>R3 03
I
1 0 R2 D l lltJ l S R fD 1 0 U lS� 2D1 2 G 2 L 2 " : M$ =
" L I N E " : C= 9 : D= 3 7 : E= 6 : GO S UB 1 2 : L I N E
( 9 , 4 4 ) - ( 2 9 , 4 4 ) , PSET
1 7 M $= " C LR " : C= 9 : D=7 2 : E= 8 : GOSUB 1 2
: M$ = " DRAW" : C= B : D= l 3 2 : E= 6 : GOSU B 1 2
: M$ = " SAV E " : C= 4 4 : D= l 3 2 : GOSUB 1 2 : M$
= " ABC " : C= 4 4 : 0= 7 3 : E = 8 : GOSU B 1 2
1 8 L I N E ( 7 5 , 2 ) - ( 2 5 0 , 1 8 ) , PS ET , B : DI
MCC ( 0 , 2 3 ) : P UT ( 5 , 2 2 ) - ( 3 3 , 5 0 ) , CC , N
OT : C I RC LE ( 5 4 , 10 4 l , 1 0 : M $ = " P A ST " : E
= 7 : C= 4 2 : D = l 7 � : GO S U B 1 2 : M$ = " MO D E " :
C = 4 2 : D= l 8 0 : GOSUB � 2
19 DRAW " B�4 6 , 1 3 5C 1 R l 6 9 l 6 L l 6 U l 6 " :
DRA\'I" B M l,l ; 1 3 5 R,l � D l 6 L l b lJ l 6 " 1: DRAW" ,
'
,
L J ; u6RjD6 L l Rl H L F 2 : u 6 R 3 D l L1RLF 3 , B
u 1 q U : f1r2d,u2 E (j! l F l ! B R 1 U6°n2 L .( , 1)
BM 4 � 20 l 6 R 6 5 U l 6 L6 , " : D RAW " BM l l , lS �'
6 o6 R 3 U 6 , B U 2 U �D 4 P � E 2 U 4 ; U 6 0 6 R 2 U ] 0 3
R 2U6� u l 1; 4 (J lpiG 2:1!.�IJl o.i F 4 o r . B R l u :i H
2 U � b l F,i E 2 U l ' R l L 3 U 2f! :l U l L 3°, B U l F l' R 2
E l \J 4 H l L 2G t 04 ; B R l R 2L l UEfGl , R 3 L JU l E
? ft L ll � t.•'� t
3
f
,
'
DATA.BUI FIRH:flJ2L2R2iJ21Hf.l Gl,
F l 2 G 4'11 1 2F : l 2°F'l 2G 8 " : POKEl 7 8 , l : P /\ I N
T ( l l , 9 6 ) , , l : PO K E 1 7 8 , 2 : PA I NT ( l 2 , l
05 ) " l
20 M $ = " N E XT " : C= 8 : D= l 7 0 : E= 6 : GOSUB
1 2 : M $ = " ME N U " : C= 8 : D = l 8 0 : GOSUB1 2 : G
,
B�
r
2 U 6°'D3JH'l,4)J3 � B U l P fR l E l\J l II 1 L 2 U ] R 3
Bu 1 u 4 E l Rl P 1 H fr.,1:G 1'0 4 P 1 R,l E IU 1 H i r.;�
U 1 E JfJ 2!,4F, f,!U l U 4,El R {� l lJ 4,G l L lf-1 1 U 2 !l 3
{ BlJl Fl'Rl E 1 U 4 H 1 L 2G1 D l Pl R2� B R 2U l 'B U
2 E l'i.J1 H I L 1 G l : CS=B : GOT0 1 6
,
.
Lsting
i
conti11uetl
February 1985
HOT CoCo
19
• 3 display formats: 5 1 /64/ 85
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
columns x 24 lines
True lower case characters
User- friendly full -screen
editor
Right justification
Easy hyphenation
Drives any p rinter
Embedded format and
control codes
Runs in 16K , 32K, or 64K
Menu-driven disk and
cassette I I 0
• N o hardware modifications
required
THE ORIGINAL
Simply stated, Telewriter is the most powerful
word processor y o u can buy for the TRS-80
Color Computer. The original Telewriter has
received rave reviews in every major Color
Computer and TRS-80 magazine, as well as
enthusiastic praise from thousands of satisfied
owners. And rightly so.
The standard Color Computer display of 32
characters by 16 lines without lower case is
simply inadequate for serious word processing.
The checkerboard letters and tiny lines give you
no feel for how your writing looks or reads.
Telewriter gives the Color Computer a 5 1
column by 24 line screen display· with true
lower case characters. So a Telewriter screen
looks like a printed page, with a good chunk o f
text on screen at o n e time. I n fact, more on
screen text than you'd ge i with Apple I I , Atari,
TI, Vic or TRS-80 Model I l l .
On top o f that, the sophisticated Telewriter
full-screen editor is so simple to use, it makes
writing fun. With single-letter mnemonic
commands, and menu-driven 1 10 and
formatting, Telewriter surpasses all others for
user friendliness and pure power.
Te\ewriter's chain printing feature means Lhat
the size of your text is never limited by the
amounL of memory you have, and Telewriter's
advanced cassette hand i er gives you a powerful
word processor without the major additional
cost of a disk.
64K COMPATIBLE
Telewriter-64 runs fu l ly in any Color Computer
- 1 6K , 32K, or 64K, with or without Extended
Basic, with disk or cassette or both. It
automatically configures itself to take optimum
advantage of all available memory. That means
tha1 when you u pgrade your memory, the
Telewriter-64 text bu ffer grows accordingly. I n
a 6 4 K cassette based system, for example, you
get about 40K of memory to store text. So you
don't need disk or FLEX to put all your 64K
to work immediately.
64 COLUMNS (AND 85 ! )
Besides t h e original 5 1 column screen,
Telewriter-64 now gives you 2 additional high­
density displays: 64 x 24 and 85 x 24! ! Both
high density modes provide all the standard
Telewriter editing capabilities, and you can
switch instantly to any of the 3 formats with a
single control key command.
The 5 1 x 24 display is clear and crisp on the
screen. The two high density modes are more
crowded and less easily readable, but they are
perfect for showing you the exact layout of
your printed page, all on !he screen al one
lime. Compare this with cumbersome
"windows" that show you only fragments at a
time and don't even allow editing.
RIGHT JUSTIFICATION &
HYPHENATION
One outstanding advantage o f the full-width
screen display is that you can now set the
screen width to match the width o f your
printed page, so that "what you see is what
you get . " This makes exact alignment of
columns possible and it makes hyphenation
simple.
Since short lines are the reason for the large
spaces often found in standard right justified
text, and since hyphenation is the most
e ffective way to eliminate short lines,
Telewriter-64 can now promise you some of the
best looking right justification you can get on
the Color Computer.
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS:
Printing and formatting: Drives a n y printer
(LP V l l / VI I I . DMP- 1001200, Epso n , Okidata,
Cenrronics, NEC. C. lloh, Smith-Corona,
Tcrminet, etc).
Embedded control codes give full dynamic access to
intelligent printer features like: underlining,
subscript, superscript, variable font and 1ype size, dot­
graphics, etc.
Dynamic (embedded) format controls for: top,
bottom, and left margins; line length , lines per page,
line spacing, new page, change page numbering,
. . . one of the
best programs for the
Computer I have seen . . .
conditional new page, enable/disable j u s t i lication .
Color
- Color Computer News, Jan. 1982
Menu-driven control of these parameters, as well as:
pause at page bottom, page numbering, baud rate (so
you can run your printer al top speed), and Epson
fon t . "Typewriter" feature sends 1yped lines directly
TELEWRITER-64
But now we've added more power to
Telewriter. Not just bells and whistles, but
major features that give you total control over
your writing. We call this new .mpercharged
version Telewriter-64. For two reasons.
to your printer. and Direct mode sends control codes
right from the keyboard. Special Epson driver
File and 1/0 Features: ASCII format files -
create and edit B A S I C , Assembly, Pascal, and C
programs, Smart Terminal files (for uploading or
downloading), even text files from other word
processors. Compatible with spelling checkers (like
Spell ' n Fix).
Cassette verify command for s u r e saves. Cassette auto·
retry means you type a load command only once no
matter where you are in the tape.
Read in, save, partial save, and append files with disk
and/or cassette. For d i s k : print directory with free
space to screen or printer, kill and rename files, sci
default drive. Easily customized to t h e number of
drives in the system.
Editing features: Fast, full-screen editor w i t h
wordwrap, block copy, block move, block delete, line
delete, global search and replace (or delete), wild card
search, fast a uto-repeat cursor, fast scrolling, cursor
up, down. right, left, begin line, end line. top of text,
bottom of text; page forward , page backward, align
text. tabs. choice of buff or green backgrou n d .
complete error protection, l i n e counter, word counter,
space left, current file name. default drive in effect .
set line length on screen.
Insert or delete text anywhere on the screen without
changing "modes. " This fast " free-form" editor
provides maximum ease of use. Everyt hing you do
appears immediately on the screen in front o f y o u .
Commands require o n l y a single key or a s i n g l e k e y
plus CLEAR.
. . . truly a state of the art word processor. . .
outstanding in every respect.
- The R A IN B O W , Jan. 1 982
PROFESSIONAL
WORD PROCESSING
You can no longer afford to be without the
power and efficiency word processing brings to
everything you write. The TRS-80 Color
Computer is the lowest priced micro with the
capability for serious word processing. And
only Telewriter-64 fully unleashes that
capability.
Telewriter-64 costs $49.95 on cassetle, $59.95
on disk, and comes complete with over 70
pages o f well-written documentation . (The step­
by-step tutorial will have your writing with
Telewriter-64 in a matter of minutes.)
To order, send check or money order to:
Cognitec
704 N. Nob St.
Del Mar, CA 92014
Or check your local software store. If you have
questions, or would like to order by Visa or
Mastercard, call us at (6 1 9) 755- 1 258
(weekdays, 8AM-4PM PST). Dealer inquiries
invited.
( A d d $2 for shipping. Californians add 6°11 srntc 1ax. /\\low 2
Wl'cks for personal chcd.o:.. Sl'nd self-<1ddn:sscd sl<lmpl'd
envelope for Tclcwriwr rl'vi1.:w.� from CCN, R A I N B O W ,
80-Micro, 80- U . S . Tc1C'wri1c-r owm:r .... : send S A S E or ca ll for
informalion on upgrading to Tckwritcr-64. Tdcwrilcr­
simplifies use with MX-80.
compatibk spelling ch ecker (Spell 'n fix) and S01arr Terminal
Supports single and multi-line headers and automatic
information.)
centering. Prim or save all or any section o f the text
buff er. Chain print any number of files from cassette
or disk.
program (Colorco m / E ) also available. Call or write for more
Apple II is a tradcm;1rk of 1\ppll: Computer. Inc: l\.1ari i� a
1 ra<lt'mark of l\.iari, \nc.: TRS-80 is a trademark o f T< rndy
Corp: MX-80 is a 1rad c m ar k o f Epson Am.:rica, hu:.
Listing continued
ET ( 4 , If ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , M 1 , G : P UT ( 4 , 0' ) - (
6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , M 2 , P S ET : GOSU B l lf : FOR X = l 9 T
05 4STEP35 : C IRCLE ( X , 3 6 ) , 4
2 1 l}RAW_" BM " +STR $ ( X ) + " , 6 5 L BD 2 R ZU 2
R l 4 D 2 L 2U 2 " : DRAW " B M " + S T R $ ( X ) + " , 6 1f
L l 2 D l 2 R 2 4 U l 2 L l 2 " : DRAW " BM " +STR$ ( X
) + " , 3 0' L l U 6 R 2 D 6 L l " : P S ET ( X +6 , 3 2 ) : N
EXTX : M$ = " SA V E " : E= 7 : C= 4 2 : D = 4 9 : GOS
U B 1 2 : C= 4 2 : D= 8 2 : GOSUB1 2 : M $ = " LO A D "
: C= 7 : D= 4 9 : GO S U B 1 2 : C= 7 : D = 8 2 : GOSUB
12
2 2 M $ = " 0L D " : C= 9 : D= l 7 0' : E = 8 : GOSUB1
2 : M $ = " MENU " : C= 8 : D= l 8 1f : E= 6 : GOSUB1
2 : L I N E ( 6 , 91f ) - ( 3 4 , 1 1 8 ) , PS ET : L I N E (
3 4 , 9 1f ) - ( 6 , 1 1 8 ) , P SET : PA I NT ( 2 0' , 9 3 )
, l , l : PA I NT ( 2 0' , 1 1 4 ) , l , l : L I N E ( 4 0' , 9
0' ) - ( 6 8 , 1 1 8 ) , PS ET
23 L I N E ( 6 8 , 9 0' ) - ( 40' , 1 1 8 ) , P SET : � IN
E ( 5 4 , 9 0' ) - ( 5 4 , 1 18 ) , P S ET : L I N E ( 4 0' , l
0'4 ) - ( 6 8 , llf4 ) , PSET : PA I NT ( 4 8 , 9 3 ) , l
, l : P A I NT ( 6 4 , 9 9 ) , l , l : PA I NT ( 6 1f , 1 1 4
) , l , l : PA I NT ( 4 4 , 1 0'8 ) , l , l
2 4 M $ = " DA RK " : E= 7 : C= 7 : D = l 3 4 : GOSUB
1 2 : M $ = " L I T B " : C = 4 2 : D = l 3 4 : GOSUB1 2 :
M $ = " I N K " : C = l 0' : D = l 4 4 : GOSUB1 2 : C= 4 5
: D = l 4 4 : GOSUB1 2 : P UT ( 4 0' , 1 2 4 ) - ( 6 8 , l
5 2 ) , CC , NOT : M $ = " EN D " : C = 4 5 : D= l 7 4 : G
OSUB1 2 : GET ( 4 , 0' ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , M2 , G : PU
T ( 4 , 0' ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , M l , PS E T
2 5 E = 6 : M$ = " PA I N T K I NG BY JOP.L D O
UCET" : C= 9 0' : D = l 3 : GOSUB 1 2
26 F O R X = l T0 4 : PCOPYX TOX+ 4 : N EXTX :
S C R E EN 1 , S M : SO U N D 2 1f 0' , l
2 7 GOS U B l l
2 8 I F H < 7 6 T H EN GOSU B 5 7
2 9 GOSUB4
3 0' PSET ( H , V , C l ) : PORX = l T02 5 : N EXTX
: P S ET ( H , V , C 2 )
3 1 GOSUB9 : I FJ = l T H ENFORX= lT02 5 : N E
XTX : H l = H : V l = V : GOT0 3 3
3 2 GOT027
33 GOSUBl l
3 4 I F H < 7 6 T H E N GOS U 8 5 7
3 5 GOSUB4
3 6 COLORC 1 , C 2 : L I N E ( H l , V l ) - ( H , V ) ,
P S ET : GOSU B 8
3 7 GOSUB9 : I F J = l T H E N FO R X = lT02 5 : N E
XTX : P MODE4 , 5 : COLOR C 1 , C 2 : L I N E ( H l ,
Vl ) - ( H , V ) , P S E T : GOS UB8 : PMODE4 , l : G
OT0 2 7
3 8 GOT 0 3 3
3 9 GOSU B l l
4 0' I F H < 7 6 T H EN GOSUB 5 7
4 1 I FH > 2 2 0' T H E N H = 2 2 0'
4 2 I FV < 4 8 T H ENV= 4 8
4 3 I FV > l 5 9T H E N V = l 5 9
4 4 P S ET ( H , V , C l ) : F O RX=lT02 5 : N EXTX
: PS ET ( H , V , C 2 )
4 5 GOSUB9 : I F J = l AN D H > l lf0'THEN FOR
X = l T0 5 0' : N EXT X : GOT04 6 E L S E 3 9
4 6 Y = ( JOYSTK ( 0' ) / 3 ) + 4 : C I RCL E ( H , V )
, Y , C l : FO R X = lT0 2 5 : N E XTX : C I RC L E ( H ,
V) , Y ,C2
4 7 GOSUB9 : I F J = l T H ENPMOD E 4 , 5 : C I R C
L E ( H , V ) , Y , C l : GOSUB 8 : FORX= lT0 5 0' : N
EXTX : P M ODE4 , l : S C R E E N 1 , S M : GO S U B 5 7
: GOT0 3 9 E L S E 4 6
4 8 GOSUB l l
4 9 I F H < 7 6 T H ENGOSUB57
5 1f I F H > 2 4 6 T H E N H = 2 4 6
5 1 I FV < 2 2 THE N V = 2 2
5 2 I FV > l 8 3 T H E N V = l 8 3
5 3 COLOR1 , 0' : L I N E ( H , V ) - ( H + 3 , V+ 2 ) ,
PSET , B F : GOSUB8
54 L I N E ( � , V ) - ( H + 3 , V+ 2 ) , P R E S ET , B F
: GOSUB8
5 5 GOSUB9 : I F J = l T H ENPMODE 4 , 5 : L I N E
( H , V ) - ( H+ 3 , V+ 2 ) , PR E S ET , B F : PM O D E 4
, l : SC R E EN l , SM
5 6 GOT0 4 8
5 7 GOSU B 5 9 : I F R E = l T H E N R ETURN
�� 8 G O SU B9 : I F J = l T H ENGOT06 5 EL S E 5 7
5 9 GOSUB l l
6 0' I F H > 7 2 T H ENCOLORC 1 , C 2 : R E =l : R ET
U R N E L S E R E = 0'
61 I F H < 4THENH=4
6 2 I FV< 6THENV=6
6 3 I F V > l 8 6 T H E NV = l 8 6
- 6 4 P M O D E 4 , l : S C R E E N 1 , SM : DRAW" B M " +
S T R $ ( H ) + " , " + STR$ ( V ) + " C l U 3 D 6 U 3 L 3 R
6 " : FORX = l T0 2 5 : NEXTX : DRAW" B M " + S T R
$ ( H ) + " , " + S T R$ ( V ) + " C0' U 3 D 6 U 3 L 3 R 6 " :
GOSUB8 : R ETURN
6 5 I F H > = 8 AN D H < = 2 8 AN D V > = 2 4 A N DV < = 4
8 T H ENPMODE 4 , 5 : PUT ( 5 , 2 2 ) - ( 3 3 , 50' ) ,
C C , NOT : GOSUB 9 9 : PO = l : GOSUB8 : PM O D E
4 , l : GOSUB 2 7
6 6 I F H > = 4 4 A N D H < = 6 4 AN D V > = 9 0' A N D V < =
l l 7 T HE N PMOD E4 , 5 : P UT ( 4 0' , 90' ) - ( 6 8 , l
1 8 ) , CC , NOT : GOSUB9 9 : P0 = 4 : GOSUB8 : P
M O D E 4 , l : GOS U B 3 9
/ 6 7 I F H > = 4 4 A N D H < = 6 4 A N D V > = l 5 9 AN D V <
= 1 8 3 T H E N P M O D E 4 , 5 : P UT ( 4 0' , 1 5 8 ) - ( 6 8
, 1 8 6 ) , CC , NOT : GOSU B 8 : I FS U = 0' T H E N P O
K E 6 5 4 9 5 , 0' : S U = l : PM O D E 4 , 1 E L S E P O K E 6
5 4 9 4 , 0' : S U=0' : PM O DE4 , l
· 6 8
I F H > = 4 4 A N D H < = 6 4 AN D V > = 2 4 A N D V < =
4 8 T H ENPMOD E 4 , 5 : GOSUB9 9 : P 0= 2 : P U T (
4 0' , 2 2 ) - ( 6 8 , 5 0' ) , CC , NOT : CC=0' : GOSUB
89
6 9 I F H > = 8 A N D H < = 3 2 A N D V > � 90'A N D V < = l
1 7 T H E NPMOD E 4 , 5 : P UT ( 5 , 9 0' ) - ( 3 3 , 1 1 8
) , C C , NOT : GOSUB9 9 : P 0 = 5 : GOSUB 8 : PMO
D E 4 , l : GO S U B 4 8
7 0' I F H > = 8 A N D H < = 3 2 AN D V > = 5 7 ANDV < = 8
1 T H ENGOS U B 9 8
� 7 1 I F H > = 4 4 A ND H < = 6 4 A N DV > = 5 7 AN DV < =
8 1T H EN 7 2 E L S E 8 5
7 2 A $ = I N K E Y $ : PM O DE4 , 5 : P UT ( 4 0' , 5 6 )
- ( 6 8 , 8 4 ) , CC , NOT : GOSUB9 9 : P0 = 3 : GOS
U B 8 : S C R E EN 1 , SM
7 3 G OS U B l l
7 4 I F H < 80' T H ENGO S U B 5 7
7 5 I FH > 2 4 4THENH = 2 4 4
7 6 I FV < 3 3 T H E NV = 3 3
7 7 I FV > l 8 5 T H E NV = l 8 5
7 8 P S ET ( H , V , C l ) : FO R X = l T0 2 5 : N EXTX
: PS ET ( H , V , C 2 )
7 9 GOSUB9 : I P J = l T H E N F O R X = l T 05 0' 0' : N
EXTX : GOSUB 8 1 E L S E 7 3
8 0' GOT0 7 3
8 1 T H = H : A$ = I NK E Y $
8 2 M $ = I N K E Y $ : GOSUB i : I FJ = lO RT H > 2 4
4 T H E N FORX= l T 0 50' : N EXTX : RET U RN
8 3 I F ( M $ > = " A " AN D M$ < = " Z " ) O R ( M $ > = "
0' " AN D M $ < = " 9 " ) TH EN S OU N D 2 0' 0' , l : C=T H
: D = V - 2 : PM O D E 4 , 5 : S C R E E N 1 , SM : GOSUB
1 2 : GOSUB8 : P M O D E 4 � l : S C R E E N 1 , SM : TH
=TH+7
8 4 GOT08 2
85 I F H > = 8 AN D H < = 3 2 A N DV > = l 2 6 A N D V < =
1 5 0' T H E N P M O D E 4 , 5 : SC R E E N 1 , S M : PUT ( 5
, 1 2 4 ) - ( 3 3 , 1 5 2 ) , CC , NOT : PUT ( 7 6 , 2 2 )
- ( 2 4 9 , 1 8 5 ) , I S , P S ET : P UT ( 5 , l 2 4 ) - ( 3
3 , 1 5 2 ) , CC , NOT : GOSUB 8 : : PMOD E 4 , l : S
C R E E N l , SM
1 9 6 I F H > = 4 4 A N D H < = 6 4 AN DV > = l 2 6 AN D V <
= 1 5 0'T HE N P M O D E 4 , 5 : SC R E E N 1 , S M : PUT (
4 0' , 1 2 4 ) - ( 6 8 , 1 5 2 ) , CC , NOT : G ET ( 7 6 , 2
2 ) - ( 2 4 9 , 1 8 5 ) , I S , G : PUT ( 4 0' , 1 2 4 ) - ( 6
8 , 1 5 2 ) , CC , NOT : GOSUB 8 : P M O D E 4 , l : SC
REENl , S M
8 7 I F H > = 8 AN D H < = 3 2 AN DV > = l 5 9 AN D V < =
1 8 3TH ENPMOD E4 , 5 : SC R E E N 1 , S M : GOSUB
1 0' 5
8 8 GOT057
8 9 PMODE 4 , 5 : SC R E E N 1 , S M : PUT ( 5 , 3 ) ­
( 6 7 , l 7 ) , CC , P S E T
9 0' CC=CC+ l : I FCC= 2 5 6 T H EN CC = l
9 1 P O K E 1 7 8 , C C : PA I NT ( 5 , 3 ) , , l : GOSU
B 8 : : P MOD E 4 , l : SC R E E N l , S M : FORX= lTO
2 5 0' : NEXTX : GOSUB9 : I FJ = l T H E N 8 9
92 GOSUBl l : H = H + l : V= V + l
9 3 I F H < 7 6 T HENGOSU B 5 7
9 4 G OSUB4
9 5 P S ET ( H , V ) : FORX = l T 0 2 5 : N EXTX : P R
E S ET ( H , V )
9 6 GOSUB9 : I F J = l T H E N F O R X = l T 02 5 : N E
X T X : PMODE 4 , 5 : SC R E EN 1 , SM : PO K E 1 7 8 ,
C C : P A I NT ( H , V ) , , l : GOSU B 8 : P M O D E 4 , l
: SC R E E N 1 , SM : GOT0 9 2
9 7 GOT0 9 2
9 8 P M O DE 4 , 5 : S C R E E N 1 , SM : PU T ( 5 , 5 6 )
- ( 3 3 , 8 4 ) , CC , NOT : COLOR0' , l : FORX= 7 6
T0 2 4 9 : L I N E ( X , 2 2 ) - ( X , 1 8 5 ) , P S ET : N E
XTX : P UT ( 5 , 5 6 ) - ( 3 3 , 8 4 ) , CC , NOT : GOS
U B 8 : PMOD E4 , l : SC R E E N 1 , S M : R ET U R N
99 I F P O = l TH ENPUT ( 5 , 2 2 ) - ( 3 3 , 5 0' ) , C
C , NOT E L S E I F P 0 = 2 T H E N P UT ( 4 0' , 2 2 ) - ( 6
8 , 5 0' ) , CC , NOT E L S E I F P 0 = 3 T H E N P U T ( 4 0'
, 5 6 ) - ( 6 8 , 8 4 ) , CC , NOT E L S E I F P 0 = 4 T H E
N P UT ( 4 0' , 9 0' ) - ( 6 8 , 1 1 8 ) , CC , NOTE L S E P
U T ( 5 , 90' ) - ( 3 3 , 1 1 8 ) , CC , NOT
1 0' 4 GOSUB 8 : R ETURN
1 0'5 G ET ( 4 , 0' ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , Ml , G : PUT ( 4
, 1 5 8 ) - ( 3 3 , 1 8 6 ) , CC , NOT : PUT ( 4 , 0' ) - (
6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , M 2 , PS ET : GOSUB8 : P M O DE 4 , l :
SCREEN l , SM
1 0' 6 GOSU B 5 9
1 0' 7 GOSUB9 : I F J = l T H E N 1 0' 8 E L S E 1 0' 6
1 0' 8 I F H > = 8 A N D H < = 3 2A N DV > = l 5 9 A N D V <
= 1 8 3 T H E N P M O D E 4 , 5 : S C R E E N 1 , S M : G ET (
4 , 0' ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , M 2 , G : P UT ( 4 , 1 5 8 ) - ( 3
3 , 1 8 6 ) , CC , NOT : PUT ( 4 , 0' ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1 ) ,
M l , P SET : GO S UB 8 : PMODE4 , l : S C R E EN 1 ,
S M : R ETURN
� 10'9 I F H > = 4 4 A N D H < = 6 4 AN DV > = 9 0'A N D V <
= 1 1 7 T H E N P M O D E 4 , 5 : SC R E E N 1 , S M : PUT (
4 0' , 9 0' ) - ( 6 8 , 1 1 8 ) , CC , NOT : GO S U B S : P M
O D E 4 , l : I FS M = 0' T H E N S M = l : SC R E E N 1 , S M
E L S ES M = 0' : SC R E EN 1 , S M
1 1 0' I F H > = 8 A N D H < = 3 2A ND V > = 90' A N D V < =
1 1 7 T H ENPMOD E 4 , 5 : SC R E EN 1 , S M : P UT ( 5
, 9 0' ) - ( 3 3 , 1 1 8 ) , CC , NOT : P UT ( 7 6 , 2 2 ) ­
( 2 4 9 , 1 8 5 ) , I S , N OT : GOS U B 8 : PM O DE4 , l
: SC R E EN l , S M
1 1 1 I F H > = 8 AN D H < = 3 2 A N DV > = l 2 6 A N D V <
= 1 5 0' T H E N I F C 1 = 1 TH E N P MODE4 , 5 : PUT ( 4
0' , 1 2 4 ) - ( 6 8 , 1 5 2 ) , CC , NOT : PUT ( 5 , 1 2 4
) - ( 3 3 , 1 5 2 ) , CC , NOT : C l = 0' : C 2 = l : GOSU
B 8 : PMODE4 , l
-"' 1 1 2 I F H > = 4 4 A N DH < = 6 4 A N DV > = l 2 6 AN D V
< = 1 50' T H EN I FC 1 = 0'T HEN PM O DE4 , 5 : P UT (
5 , 1 2 4 ) - ( 3 3 , 1 5 2 ) , CC , NOT : P UT ( 4 0' , 1 2
4 ) - ( 6 8 , 1 5 2 ) , CC , NOT : Cl = l : C 2 = 0' : GOS
U B 8 : PM O DE4 , l
- 1 1 3 I F H > = 4 4 A N D H < = 6 4 A N DV > = 2 4 AN D V <
= 4 8 T HENPUT ( 4 0' , 2 2 ) - ( 6 8 , 5 0' ) , CC , NOT
: GO S U B 1 1 9 : I FN S < > l T H ENGOSUB1 2 l : P M
O D E 4 , 5 : S A V E M TI $ , P E E K ( & H BA ) * 2 5 6 , P
EEK ( & H B 7 ) * 2 5 6 - l , 4 1 3 : PM O DE4 , l : GOS
U B 8 ELSEGOSUB8
}( 1 1 4 I F H > = 4 4 A N D H < = 6 4 AN D V > = 5 7 A N D V <
I
= 8 1 T H E N P UT ( 4 0' , 5 6 ) - ( 6 8 , 8 4 ) , CC , NOT
: GO S U B 1 1 9 : I FN S < > l T H ENGOSU B 1 2 l : P M
O D E 4 , 5 : C S A V EM T I $ , P E E K ( * H BA ) * 2 5 6 ,
P E E K ( & H B 7 ) * 2 5 6 - l , 4 1 3 : PM O D E 4 , l : GO
S U B 8 E LS EGOSUB8
--J. 1 5 I F H > = 8 A ND H < = 2 8 A N DV > = 2 4 ANDV < =
4 8 TH ENGET ( 4 , 0' ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , M 2 , G : P UT
( 5 , 2 2 ) - ( 3 3 , 50' ) , CC , NOT : GOSU B 1 1 9 : I
F N S < > l T H ENGOSUB 1 2 l : PM O D E 4 , 5 : SC R E
E N 1 , SM : LO A DMT I $ : PUT ( 4 , 0' ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1
) , M 2 , PS E T : GOSUBS : P M O D E 4 , l : S C R E E N
l , S M E L S EGOSUB8
-- 1 1 6 I F H > = 8 A N D H < = 2 8 AN DV > = 5 7 AN D V < =
8 1T H ENGET ( 4 , 0' ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , M 2 , G : PUT
( 5 , 5 6 ) - ( 3 3 , 8 4 ) , CC , NOT : GOSUB 1 1 9 : I
FN S < > l T H E N P M O D E 4 , 5 : SC R E E N l , S M : C L
OADM : PUT ( 4 , 0' ) - ( 6 9 , 1 9 1 ) , M 2 , PS ET : G
OSUB8 : P M O D E 4 , l : SC R E E N1 , S M ELS EGO
SUBS
-· 1 1 7 I F H > = 4 4 AN DH < = 6 4 A N D V> = l 5 9 AN D V
< = 1 8 3 T H E N P UT ( 4 0' , 1 5 8 ) - ( 6 8 , 1 8 6 ) , CC
, NOT : GOS U B 1 1 9 : I F N S = 0'T HEN EN D
-· 1 1 0
G O T 0 1 0' 6
-1 1 9 GOS U B 1 2 4 : TC = C l : C l = l : A $ = I N K E Y
$ : M $ = " A R E YOU S U R E ? " : E= 7 : C = l l 6 : D
_ = 1 3 : GO S U B 1 2 : C l =TC
.
1 2 0' A �• I N K EY $ : I F A $ = " " TH E N 1 2 0' E L S E
SOU N D 2 0' 0' , l : I F A $ = " N " T H ENGOS U B 8 : N S
= l : RETU R N E L S EN S = 0' : R E T U R N
, 1 2 1 GOSU B 1 2 4 : TC = C l : C l = l : E = 7 : C = 8 0'
: D= l 3 : M$ & " EN T E R F I L EN A M E " : GO S U B l
2 :TIS= " "
1 2 2 FORQ= l 8 8 T0 2 3 7 ST E P 7
- 1 2 3 A $ • I N K � Y $ : I FA $ = " " T H E N 1 2 3 E L S E
SOU N D 2 0' 0' , l : T I $ = T I $ + A $ : M $ = A $ : C =Q :
GOS U B 1 2 : N E X TQ : C l =T C : R E T U R N
- 1 2 4 P UT ( 90' , 3 ) - ( 1 5 2 , 1 7 ) , CC , PS ET : P
UT ( l 5 3 , 3 ) - ( 2 1 5 , 1 7 ) , CC , PS ET : PUT ( l
8 6 , 3 ) - ( 2 4 8 , 1 7 ) , CC , PS E T : RET U RN
END
February 1985
HOT Coco
21
GAME
BY RODGER SMITH
This program is avail able on our Ins1an1 CoCo casse!le.
Sec 111o ln<lanl CoCo ad elsewhere in 1his issue.
�-�
-
ln.1t�t
(Ol.0
CAN You SURVIVE
SP ACE HAWKS?
If a hawk swoops
down on you,
kill it before
it destroys your ship!
Y
our trip through space is only suc­
cessful if you can avoid and de­
stroy the deadly hawks. You must be
alert: If a hawk swoops down on your
ship, kill it before it destroys you.
Use the joystick to move your ship to
the left or right, and press the fire button
to shoot. You can hold the button down
for continuous rapid fire, but plan your
aim carefully . Any hawk that reaches the
bottom of the screen will surely track and
destroy you.
After you load the program and the ti­
tle screen appears, press the right joy­
stick 's fire button to begin the game. The
di fficulty increases progressively after
you destroy each wave of hawks. Each
dead hawk is worth SO points, and you get
a free ship after every 1 0,000 points.
To create a binary file, load the Basic
driver and delete the EXEC&H5000 in
line 40. Run the program and type C­
SAVEM H A WK" ,&H5000,&H5C2F,
"
&HSOOO. •
System Requirements
A ddress correspondence to Rodger
Smith, 3 775 Gilham Road, Eugene,
OR 97401.
22
HOT CoCo
February 1985
32K RAM
Extended Color Basic
Illustration by Peter Bono
-
Program Listing. Space Hawk
10 ' SPACE HAWK
2 0 ' BY RODGER S M ITH 1 9 8 4
3 0 A = & H S00 0
' START A D D R
4 0 READ D : I F D = 9 9 9 T H E N E X EC & H S 00 0
S 0 POKE A , D : A=A+ l : GOTO 4 0
6 0 DATA 1 6 , 2 06 , 7 9 , 2 S 2 , 2 6 , 8 0 , 1 2 7 ,
2 SS , 6 4 , 1 2 7 , 2S S , 2 2 2 , 2S 2 , l , 1 8 , 2 S 3 ,
89 , 2 1 S , 2S3 , 89 , 2 1 7 , 1 8 3 , 2 SS , 19 2 , 1 8
3 , 2S S , 1 9 S , 18 3 , 2 S S , 1 9 7 , 18 3 , 2 S S , 1 9
9 , 1 8 3 , 2 S S , 2 00 , 1 3 4 , 2 4 8 , 1 8 3 , 2 S S
7 0 DATA 3 4 , 1 3 4 , S 3 , 1 8 3 , 2 S S , 3 , 2 3 , 0
, 1 S l , 2 3 , 0 , 2 1 S , 2 3 , 10 , 3 8 , 2 3 , 1 0 , 1 7 ,
23 , 6 , 4S , 2 3 , 0 , 1 6 6 , 28 , 239 , 2 3 , 0 , 2S2
, 23 , 6 , 6 9 , 198 , l , 24 S , 2SS , 0 , 38 , 2 4 3 ,
1S0
8 0 DATA 1 , 3 9 , 3 , 2 3 , 6 , S S , 2 6 , 80 , 2 3 ,
2 , l B S , 2 3 , 0 , 10 6 , 2 3 , 0 , 1 70 , 2 3 , 0 , 1 3 0
, 2 3 , 9 , 2 4 6 , 2 3 , 9 , 2 2S , 1 0 , 2 1 , 2 3 , 9 , 1 2
4 , 1 2 , 21 , 28 , 239 , 2S2 , l , 1 8 , 1 47 , 1 S
90 DATA 1 6 , 1 3 l , 0 , 7 , 3 7 , 8 , 2 S 2 , ! , 1 8
, 2 2 1 , 1 S , 2 3 , 2 , 1 99 , 2 S 2 , l , 1 8 , 1 4 7 , 2 2
, 16 , 1 3 1 , 0 , 4 , 3 7 , 8 , 2 S 2 , l , 1 8 , 2 2 1 , 2 2
, 23 , l , S4 , 23 ,0 , 1 6 S , 2 3 , l , 19 9 , 1 4 1
1 0 0 DATA 2 , 3 2 , 2 0 8 , 2 3 , 0 , 2 4 2 , 2 3 , 1 ,
96 , 23 , 3 , 1 7 4 , 2 3 , 1 , 2 37 , 1 3 4 , l , l Sl , 0
, 1 9 , 1 S0 , 1 9 , 3 9 , 3 , 23 , 2 , 9 7 , 2 3 , 0 , 2 4 4
, 2 3 , l , 1 2 2 , 23 , 3 , 2 2 7 , 2 3 , l , 2 4 8 , S 7
1 1 0 DATA 1 4 2 , 8 1 , 2 S , 1 9 1 , l , 1 3 , 1 9 8 ,
l , 21 S , 1 4 , 204 , 0 , 0 , 2 S 3 , 9 1 , 102 , 2 S 3 ,
9 1 , 1 0 4 , 2 S 3 , 9 1 , 1 0 6 , 2 S 3 , 9 1 , 10 0 , 1 3 4
, 4 , 1 Sl , 21 , S 7 , 20 4 , 0 , 0 , 2 S 3 , l , 1 8 , 2 2
l , l S , 221, 22
1 2 1l DATA l S l , ll , l S l , l , l S l , 7 , l S l , l
2 , 1 S l , 2 1l , 1 3 4 , 6 2 , 1 S l , 4 , 1 S l , 6 , 1 3 4 ,
1 7 1l , 1 S l , S , 2 3 , ll , 1 1 3 , 2 3 , 3 , 2 4 S , S 7 , l
4 2 , 2 , ll , 2 1l 4 , ll , ll , 2 3 7 , 1 2 9 , 1 4 1l , Sll , ll ,
3 7 , 24 9
1 3 1l DATA S 7 , 1 2 4 , l , 1 9 , 3 8 , 3 , 1 2 4 , l ,
1 8 , l S ll , ll , 3 9 , 2 4 , l S , 0 , l S ll , l , 3 9 , l ll ,
1 S , l , 1 8 3 , 2 S S , 2 1l 2 , 1 8 3 , 2 S S , 2 1l 4 , 3 2 ,
8 , 1 2 , l , 1 8 3 , 2 S S , 2 1l3 , 1 8 3 , 2 S S , 2 1l S , l
82,2SS , 2
1 4 1l DATA S 9 , 1 9 8 , 2 1l , 1 4 2 , 8 7 , 3 2 , l ll 6
' 3 ' 3 9 ' 6 ' 4 8 , 6 ' 90 ' 38 , 2 4 7 ' s 7 , 1 4 1 , 2 1
, 1 6 , 1 7 4 , 1 3 2 , 4 9 , 1 6 8 , 3 2 , 1 6 , 1 4 1l , 2 6 ,
0 , 37 , 4 , 4 9 , 16 9 , 2 3 3 , 1 28 , 16 , 17S , 1 3 2
, 32 , 22 7 , 1 3 4
! S il DATA 4 , 1 9 3 , 6 , 3 7 , 8 , 1 3 4 , 3 , 1 9 3 ,
1 2 , 3 7 , 2 , 1 3 4 , 2 , 1 6 7 , 3 , S 7 , 1 9 8 , 2 1l , 1 4
2 , 8 7 ,3 2 , 1 6 , 14 2 , 8 6 , 248, 238,161 , 2 3
9 , 1 3 2 , 2 39 , 4 , 3 1 , 1 S 2 , 1 3 2 , 3 , 38 , l , 7 6
, 16 7 , 2
1 6 1l DATA 1 4 1 , 2 1 3 , 4 8 , 6 , 9 1l , 3 8 , 2 3 4 ,
s 7 , 1 9 8 , 2 1l ' 1 4 2 , 8 7 , 3 2 ' 1 6 , l 7 4 , 1 3 2 , 1
S ll , 1 , 3 8 , 4 , 4 9 , 1 6 9 , 2 4 , ll , 1 6 6 , 2 , 1 6 7 ,
1 6 4 , 4 8 , 6 , 9 1l , 3 8 , 2 3 6 , S 7 , 1 9 8 , 2 1l , 1 4 2
,87,32,79
1 7 1l DATA 1 6 , 1 7 4 , 4 , 2 3 8 , 1 3 2 , 2 3 9 , 4 ,
1 3 , 1 , 3 8 , 4 , 4 9 , 1 6 9 , 2 4 , ll , 1 6 7 , 1 6 4 , 4 8
, 6 , 9 1l , 3 8 , 2 3 4 , S 7 , 1 7 3 , 1 S 9 , 1 6 1l , l ll , l
2 7 , 2 S S , 3 2 , 1 8 2 , l , 9 1l , 7 2 , 1 2 9 , 8 , 3 7 , l
7 , 1 29 , 1 18
! B il DATA 3 4 , 2 8 , 1 2 9 , S 6 , 3 7 , S , 1 2 9 , 7
2 , 3 4 , 16 , S 7 , 1 4 S , 4 , 3 6 , 2 S l , 2 1 4 , 4 , 1 9
2 , 2 , 4 3 , 24 S , 3 9 , 2 4 3 , 2 1 S , 4 , S7 , 1 4 S , 4
, 3 S , 2 3 6 , 2 1 4 , 4 , 2 1l 3 , 2 , 1 9 3 , 1 2 4 , 3 6 , 2
28 , 21S , 4
1 9 1l DATA S 7 , 1 4 2 , 2 , ll , 1 S ll , l , 3 8 , 4 , 4
8 , 1 3 7 , 2 4 , ll , 1 9 1 , 8 8 , 2 1 1 , l ll , 7 , 4 2 , 4 ,
1 3 4 , l ll , l S l , 7 , l S ll , 7 , 1 2 9 , S , 3 4 , 6 , 1 6
, 14 2 , 8 9 , 1 1 7 , 3 2 , 4 , 16 , 14 2 , 89 , 1 3 7 , 2
ll 4
200 DATA l , l ll , 2 S 3 , 8 9 , 1 0 S , 2 20 , 4 , 2
3 , 6 , 1 3 8 , S 7 , 1 S ll , 6 , 2 1 4 , 4 , 2 1 S , 6 , 2 1 4
, S , 1 4 2 , 2 , ll , 6 8 , 6 8 , 3 1l , 1 3 7 , S B , 1 9 8 , 3
2 , 6 1 , 4 8 , 1 3 9 , l S ll , l , 3 8 , 4 , 4 8 , 1 3 7 , 2 4
, ll
.
2 l ll DATA 2 1l 6 , ll , ll , 1 9 8 , l ll , 2 3 9 , 1 3 2 ,
4 8 , 1 3 6 , 3 2 , 9 1l , 3 8 , 2 4 8 , S 7 , 1 S ll , 1 2 , 3 8
, 3 2 , 1 Sll , l l , 3 8 , 7 , 1 9 8 , l , 2 4 S , 2 S S , ll ,
3 9 , l , S 7 , 1 S ll , 4 , 1 S l , 8 , 1 S ll , S , 1 2 8 , S ,
lSl , 9
2 2 1l DATA l S l , l ll , l S , 1 1 , 1 2 , 1 2 , 2 3 , ll
, 1 6 6 , S 7 , 1 S ll , 9 , 1 2 8 , S , 1 2 9 , 1 2 , 3 4 , S ,
1 S , 1 2 , 1 2 , l l , S 7 , 1 S l , 9 , 2 2 , 3 , 91l , 1 S ll
, 1 2 , 3 8 , l , S 7 , 1 4 2 , 2 , ll , 1 S ll , l , 3 8 , 4
2 3 1l DATA 4 8 , 1 3 7 , 2 4 , ll , 1 9 1 , 8 8 , 2 1 1 ,
21l 4 , l , S , 2 S 3 , 8 9 , l llS , 2 21l , 8 , 1 6 , 1 4 2 ,
8 9 , l ll 7 , 2 3 , 6 , 6 , S 7 , 1 S ll , 1 2 , 3 8 , 7 , 1 S ll
, 11 , 3 8 , l , S 7 , l S , 1 1 , 2 1 4 , l ll , l S ll , 9 , l
S l , l iJ
2 4 1l DATA ! S ll , 8 , 1 4 2 , 2 , 0 , 68 , 6 8 , 30 ,
1 3 7 , S 8 , 1 98 , 3 2 , 6 1 , 4 8 , 1 39 , 1 S0 , l , 3 8
, 4 , 4 8 , 1 3 7 , 2 4 , 0 , 2 1l 4 , ll , ll , 2 3 7 , 1 3 2 , 2
3 7 , 1 36 , 3 2 , 23 7 , 13 6 , 6 4 , 2 3 7 , 1 36 , 96 ,
237, 137 , 0
2 S ll DATA 1 2 8 , S 7 , 1 3 4 , 2 S 2 , 1 2 7 , 2 S S ,
3 2 , 1 8 3 , 2 S S , 3 2 , 9 1l , 3 8 , 2 4 7 , S 7 , 4 8 , 3 1
, 3 8 , 2 S 2 , S 7 , 1 4 2 , ll , ll , 1 4 1 , 2 4 6 , 9 0 , 3 8
, 2 4 8 , S 7 , 1 9 8 , l , 2 4 S , 2 S S , ll , 3 9 , 2 S l , S
7 , 1 4 1 , 36 , 19 8 , 2 S
2 6 1l DATA S 2 , 4 , 1 4 l , 2 1 4 , 1 4 2 , 0 , 4 , 1 4
l , 2 2 1 , S 3 , 4 , 9 1l , 3 8 , 2 4 2 , S 7 , 1 4 1 , 1 7 , l
9 8 , 6 S , S 2 , 4 , 1 4 1 , 1 9 S , 1 4 2 , ll , 2 , 1 4 1 , 2
ll 2 , S 3 , 4 , 9 1l , 3 8 , 2 4 2 , S 7 , 1 8 2 , 2 S S , 3 S ,
1 3 2 , 24 7 , 138
2 7 1l DATA 8 , 1 8 3 , 2 S S , 3 S , S 7 , ! S , 1 3 , l
9 8 , 2 S , 2 1S , 2 , 1 4 2 , 87 , 1 S2 , 166 , 8 , 3 8 ,
2 3 , 2 3 1l , 4 , 1 9 3 , 1 00 , 3 8 , 4 , 1 9 8 , 3 , 2 3 1 ,
4 , 4 8 , 1 2 , l ll , 2 , 3 8 , 2 3 6 , 1 S 0 , 1 3 , 1 6 , 3 9
,2,7
2 8 1l DATA S 7 , 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 0 6 , 1 0 , 3 8 , 1 9 , 2
3 1l , l l , 2 3 1 , l ll , 2 3 1l , 4 , 1 9 3 , l ll 0 , 3 9 , 9 ,
9 3 , 3 8 , 4 , l ll B , 4 , 3 2 , 2 , 1 1 1 , 4 , 1 06 , 6 , 3
8 ' 2 1 4 ' 2 1 4 ' 20 ' 3 8 ' l 4 , l 3 4 , 1 9 ' 1 6 7 , 8 ,
198 , 1
2 9 1l DATA 2 3 1 , 6 , 1 2 , 2 0 , 1 9 8 , 2 S , 2 3 1 ,
S , 1 29 , 3 , 16 , 39 , 0 , 9 2 , 1 29 , 4 , 1 6 , 3 9 , 0
, l l ll , 1 2 9 , S , 1 6 , 3 6 , ll , 1 1 8 , 2 30 , 7 , 2 3 1
, 6 , l ll 8 , l , l ll 8 , l , 2 3 1l , l , 2 0 9 , S , 3 7 , 1 8
3 0 1l DATA 2 3 1l , 1 3 2 , 2 0 9 , 4 , 3 4 , 4 , 1 9 8 ,
4 , 3 2 , 2 , 1 9 8 , 3 , 2 3 1 , 8 , 3 1 , 1 S 2 , 3 2 , 206
' 230, S , 1 2 9 , l , 38 , 6 , 1 6 ' 14 2 , 8 6 , 234 '
3 2 , 4 , 1 6 , 1 4 2 , 8 6 , 2 2 1l , 1 6 6 , 1 3 2 , 1 7 1 , l
6 S , 1 6 7 , 132
3 l ll DATA 9 2 , 1 9 3 , 1 3 , 3 S , 1 3 , 9 S , 1 6 6 ,
8 , 1 29 , 1 , 38 , 3 , 76 , 32 , 1 , 7 4 , 16 7 , 8 , 23
l , S , 2 3 , l , 1 4 1l , 2 2 , 2 S S , 9 8 , 1 6 6 , 1 3 2 , l
2 8 , 2 , 4 2 , 6 , 134 , 4 , 16 7 , 8 , 32 , 1 2 , 16 7 ,
132
3 2 1l DATA 1 3 4 , 1 , 1 6 7 , 6 , 2 3 , 1 , 1 1 6 , 2 2
, 2 S S , 7 4 , 16 6 , 1 3 2 , 1 39 , 2 , 1 29 , 1 21 , 37
, 23 6 , 1 34 , 3 , 167 , 8 , 3 2 , 21 8 , 38 , 4 , 134
, 1 9 , 1 6 7 , 8 , 1 0 6 , 8 , 1 2 9 , 1 2 , 3 4 , 30 , 1 6 6
, 1 3 2 , 1 39 , 2
3 3 1l DATA 1 2 9 , 1 2 1 , 3 4 , 2 , 1 6 7 , 1 3 2 , 1 6
6 , l , 1 3 9 , 2 , 1 6 7 , l , l ll6 , S , 3 8 , 2 , 1 S , 2 0
, 1 4 S , S , 1 6 , 3 4 , 2 S S , 1 1 2 , 3 2 , 1 9 1l , 1 6 6 ,
1 3 2 , 1 28 , 2 , 4 2 , 2 2 8 , 3 2 , 2 2 8 , l S , 1 9 , 1 4
2 ' 2 , ll . l S ll
3 4 1l DATA 1 , 3 8 , 4 , 4 8 , 1 3 7 , 2 4 , 0 , 1 9 1 ,
8 8 , 21 1 , 198 , 2S , 2 1S , 2 , 14 2 , 87 , 1 S2 , l
6 6 , 8 , 3 8 , 2 1 , 1 6 , 1 4 2 , 89 , 2 1 9 , 1 6 6 , 4 , l
2 9 , l llll , 3 8 , 4 , 1 2 , 1 9 , 3 2 , 1 9 , 4 8 , 1 2 , 1 0
, 2 , 38
3 S ll DATA 2 3 2 , S 7 , 1 6 , 1 4 2 , 8 9 , 1 S 7 , 1 6
6 , 4 , 3 8 , 4 , 1 6 , 1 4 2 , 8 9 , 1 7 3 , 2 1l 4 , 2 , 4 , 2
S 3 , 8 9 , l ll S , 2 3 6 , 1 3 2 , S 2 , 1 6 , 2 3 , 4 , 3 3 ,
S 3 , 1 6 , 3 2 , 2 2 1l , 1 9 8 , 2 S , 2 1 S , 2 , 1 6 , 1 4 2
' 87 ' 1 S 2 , 1 6 6
3 6 1l DATA 4 1l , 3 8 , 2 2 , 1 6 6 , 3 6 , 1 2 9 , 3 , 3
7 , 9 , 1 2 9 , l llll , 3 9 , 1 2 , 7 4 , 1 6 7 , 3 6 , 3 2 , 7
, 4 9 , 4 4 , l ll , 2 , 3 8 , 2 3 1 , S 7 , 2 3 6 , 3 4 , 2 3 8
, 1 6 4 , 2 3 9 , 3 4 , 1 4 2 , 2 , ll , 6 8 , 6 8 , 3 0 , 1 3 7
,SB, 198
3 7 1l DATA 3 2 , 6 1 , 4 8 , 1 3 9 , l S IJ , l , 3 8 , 4
, 4 8 , 1 3 7 , 2 4 , ll , 20 6 , ll , ll , 2 3 9 , 1 3 2 , 2 3 9
, 1 , 2 3 9 , 1 36 , 3 2 , 2 39 , 1 36 , 33 , 23 9 , 1 3 6
, 6 4 , 2 3 9 , 1 36 , 6 S , 23 9 , 1 36 , 96 , 239 , 1 3
6 , 9 7 , 32 , 19S , 14 1
3 8 1l DATA l ll S , 2 1 4 , 1 4 , 1 3 4 , S , 6 1 , 7 7 ,
38 , 4 , 193 , 2S , 3 S , 2 , 19 8 , 2 S , 21 S , 2 , 16
, 1 4 2 , 8 6 , 1 7 1l , 2 1 4 , 1 4 , 9 1l , 1 9 3 , 1 S , 3 7 ,
2 , 1 9 8 , 1 4 , 2 1l 6 , 8 6 , ! S S , 2 3 1l , 1 9 7 , 2 4 7 ,
8 3 , 1S 7 , 1 34 , S
3 9 1l DATA l S l , 1 7 , l S , 1 8 , 1 4 2 , 8 7 , 1 5 2
, 2 3 6 , 1 61 , 2 3 7 , 1 3 2 , 2 3 7 , 2 , 1 1 1 , 4 , 1 1 1
, S , 1 9 8 , 4 , 2 3 1 , 7 , l S ll , 1 7 , 1 6 7 , 6 , l S ll ,
18 , 3 8 , 4 , 1 3 4 , 1 , 3 2 , 2 , 1 34 , 2 , 1 67 , 8 , l
ll , 1 7 ' 3 8
4 1l ll DATA l ll , 1 3 4 , S , 1 S l , 1 7 , 1 S 0 , 1 8 ,
1 3 6 , l , ! S l , 1 8 , 1 1 1 , 9 , 1 9 8 , 2 , 2 3 1 , 10 ,
2 3 1 , l l , 4 8 , 1 2 , 10 , 2 , 38 , 19 8 , S 7 , 1 9 8 ,
2 S , 1 4 2 , 8 7 , 1 S 2 , l l l , 8 , 4 8 , 1 2 , 9 1l , 3 8 ,
24 9 , S7 , 23
4 l ll DATA ll , 2 3 2 , 2 6 , 8 1l , 1 6 , 2 1l 6 , 7 9 , 2
S 2 , 1 S ll , 1 4 , 1 2 9 , 2 0 , 3 4 , 2 , 1 2 , 1 4 , 1 2 6 ,
B ll , 9 4 , 1 6 6 , 1 3 2 , 1 4 4 , 4 , 3 6 , 7 , 6 4 , 1 2 9 ,
6 , 3S , 6 , 3 2 , 2S , 1 29 , 3 , 34 , 21 , 166 , l , l
44's
4 2 1l DATA 3 6 , 9 , 6 4 , 1 2 9 , 3 , 1 6 , 3 S , ll , l
3 6 , 3 2 , 6 , 1 2 9 , 9 , 1 6 , 3 S , ll , 1 2 8 , 1 S ll , 1 2
, 38 , l , S 7 , 1 6 6 , 1 3 2 , 1 4 4 , 8 , 3 6 , 6 , 6 4 , l
2 9 , 7 , 3 s , 6 , s 7 , 1 2 9 , 3 , 3 s , 1 , s 7 , 16 6
4 3 1l DATA 1 , 1 4 4 , 9 , 3 6 , 6 , 6 4 , 1 2 9 , 4 , 3
S , 6 , S 7 , 1 2 9 , S , 3 S , l , S 7 , 1 8 , 1 3 4 , lll,
1 6 7 , 4 , 1 6 6 , 8 , 1 29 , S , 3 7 , 2 , l S , 20 , l l l
, 8 , 1 S , 1 2 , 1 2 , l l , S 2 , 1 6 , 1 4 2 , ll , S ll
4 4 1l DATA 2 3 , 4 , 1 6 1 , S 3 , 1 6 , S 7 , 1 4 2 , 8
7 , 1 S 2 , 1 9 8 , 2 S , 21 S , 2 , 16 6 , 8 , 3 8 , 7 , 4 8
, 1 2 , 10 , 2 , 3 8 , 2 4 6 , S 7 , 1 6 6 , 1 3 2 , l 4 4 , 8
, 3 6 , 7 , 6 4 , 1 29 , 7 , 3 S , 8 , 3 2 , 2 3 6 , 1 2 9 , 3
, 3S
4 S ll DATA 2 , 3 2 , 2 3 1l , 1 6 6 , l , 1 4 4 , 9 , 3 6
, 7 , 6 4 , 1 29 , 4 , 3 S , 8 , 3 2 , 2 1 7 , 129 , S , 3 S
, 2 , 3 2 , 2 1 1 , 1 26 , B S , 2 1 7 , 1 6 , 2 06 , 7 9 , 2
S 2 , 1 4 1 , 4 3 , 2 6 , 80 , 1 9 8 , 1 S , S 2 , 4 , 2 3 , 2
s 2 , 2 20
4 6 1l DATA 2 3 , 2 S 2 , 2 3 6 , 1 4 2 , ll , 2 00 , 2 3
, 2 S 2 , 1 8 9 , S 3 , 4 , 9 0 , 3 8 , 2 3 7 , l ll , 2 1 , 1 6
, 3 8 , 2 S ll , 1 0 , 2 3 , 4 , 1 3 6 , 1 9 8 , 2 , 2 3 , 2 S 2
, 1 7 5 , 2 3 , 2 S 2 , 1 8 1 , 1 2 6 , 80 , 4 9 , 1 S0 , l ,
3 9 , 3 , 2 3 , 2S0
4 7 1l DATA 5 8 , 5 7 , 1 4 2 , 1 0 , 3 9 , 1 6 , 1 4 2 ,
9 1 , 1 1 4 , 1 9 8 , 1 9 , 1 3 4 , 1 0 , S 2 , 2 1l , 2 3 0 , 1
6 0 , 2 3 1 , 1 3 2 , 2 3 1 , 1 3 7 , 2 4 , ll , 4 8 , 1 3 6 , 3
2 , 7 4 , 3 8 , 2 4 2 , S 3 , 20 , 4 8 , l , 90 , 3 8 , 2 3 1
, S7 , 23 , 2Sl , 8
4 8 0 DATA 1 4 1 , 2 1 6 , 1 3 4 , 1 , l S l , 0 , 1 9 ,
2 3 , 2 S l , 2 4 , S 7 , ! S , 2 0 , 2 S , 30 , 4 S , 4 3 , 4
1 , 39 , 3 7 , 3 5 , 3 3 , 31 , 29 , 2 7 , 2 5 , 3 8 , 1 6 ,
S ll , 1 6 , 6 2 , 1 6 , 7 4 , 1 6 , 8 6 , 1 6 , 3 8 , 2 8 , S ll
, 28
4 90 DATA 6 2 , 2 8 , 7 4 , 2 8 , 8 6 , 2 8 , 3 8 , 4 1l
, 5 1l , 4 1l , 6 2 , 4 0 , 7 4 , 4 1l , 8 6 , 4 0 , 3 8 , S 2 , S
ll , S 2 , 6 2 , S 2 , 7 4 , S 2 , 8 6 , S 2 , 3 8 , 6 4 , S ll ,
64 , 6 2 , 64 , 74 , 64 , 8 6 , 6 4 , 6 , S , 4 , 3
i S ll ll DATA 2 , l , ll , ll , 2 S S , 2 S 4 , 2 S 3 , 2 S 2
, 2 S l , 2 S ll , 2 S ll , 2 S l , 2 S 2 , 2 S 3 , 2 S 4 , 2 SS
. ll . 0 , l , 2 , 3 , 4 , S , 6 , 1 6 , 7 3 , 4 , 4 4 , S , 4 1l
, 22 , 19 , 7 , 28 , 18 , 2 3 S , 9 , 38 , 2 4 , 1 38
S l ll DATA 1 2 , 1 4 , 2 1 , 30 , 3 , 1 9 S , 1 6 , 2 1
8 , 1 7 , 1 9 9 , 8 , 6 S , 2 1l , S S , 1 3 , 1 8 S , S , 1 8 2
, 2 2 , 1 9 4 , 9 , 2 1l9 , 2 S , 1 2 3 , ll , ll . ll . ll . 0 , ll
. ll . 0 . ll , ll , 0 , ll , ll , ll , ll , 0
S 2 1l DATA ll , ll , 0 , ll , 0 , ll , ll , ll , ll , 0 , ll , ll
, 0 , 0 . 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , ll , 0 . ll , ll , ll , ll . ll . ll , ll
. ll . 0 . ll . ll , ll . ll . 0 . ll , ll , ll . ll . 0
S 3 1l DATA ll , 0 , 0 , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , 0
, 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , ll , ll , ll . ll , 0 , 0
. 1l . 1l , 1l , ll , 1l . ll . 1l , ll . 0 . ll . ll . ll
S 4 1l DATA 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , ll , 0 , 0 , ll , ll
, ll , ll , ll . ll , 0 , ll , ll . ll , ll , 0 , ll , ll . ll . ll , 0 , ll
. 0 . 1l . ll , ll , ll . ll . ll . 0 . � . ll . ll . 0
S S ll DATA ll , ll , 0 , ll , ll , ll , 0 , ll , ll , ll , 0 , ll
. ll . ll . 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . ll , ll . 0 . ll , 0 . ll . 0 . 0 . 0
, ll , ll , 0 , 0 , ll , ll . ll , 0 , ll , ll . ll , ll
S 6 1l DATA ll , 0 , 0 , ll , ll , ll , 0 , fl , ll , ll , ll , 0
, ll , ll , ll . ll , ll . ll . ll . ll . 0 . 0 . ll . ll . 0 . 0 . 0 . ll
, 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , ll
S 7 1l DATA 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , 0
, 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , 0 , ll , ll , ll . ll . ll , ll , ll
, 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , ll
S B ll DATA 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , 1l , 1l , 1l
, 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 . 0 , 0 , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , ll
, ll , ll , ll , ll . ll . ll , 0 , ll , ll , ll . ll , ll
S 9 1l DATA ll , 0 , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0
, ll , 0 . 0 , 0 , 0 , ll , ll , ll , 0 , ll , ll , ll , ll , ll , ll , ll
, ll , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , ll , 0 , 0 , ll , ll , 0
6 1l ll DATA 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , ll , 0 , 1J , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0
. ll . ll . ll , ll , ll , ll . 0 . ll , ll . ll . ll . ll . ll . 0 . ll . ll
, ll , ll , ll . ll , ll , ll . 0 , ll , ll , ll , ll . ll
6 l ll DATA 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 0 , 0
, ll , 0 , 0 , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , ll
, ll , ll . ll , ll , 0 , ll , ll , ll . ll , ll . ll , ll
6 21l DATA 1l , 1l , 1l , 1l , 2 S 3 , 8 9 , 1 0 3 , 1 8 2 ,
8 9 , l ll 6 , 1 8 3 , 8 9 , l llll , 1 8 2 , 8 9 , l ll 3 , 6 8 ,
6 8 , 1 4 2 , 2 , ll , 3 0 , 1 3 7 , S B , 1 9 8 , 3 2 , 6 1 , 4
8 , 1 3 9 , 2 4 6 , 8 9 , l ll 3 , 1 9 6 , 3 , 3 9 , 9 1l , 2 4 7
, 89 , 99 , 31
6 3 1l DATA 1 9 , 1 9 fl , 8 9 , 9 8 , 2 S S , 8 9 , l ll l
, 9 s , 1 6 6 , 3 3 ' 7 1l , 86 ' 7 1l , 8 6 , 4 8 ' 3 1 , 3 8 ,
2 4 8 , 1 8 3 , 89 , 29 , 24 7 , 8 9 , 31 , 1 66 , 1 6 1 ,
1 9 1l , 8 9 , 9 8 , 9 S , 1 9 2 , l , 7 1l , 8 6 , 7 1l , 8 6 , 4
8 , 31 , 3 8 , 248
6 41l DATA 1 8 3 , 8 9 , 2 S , 2 4 7 , 8 9 , 2 7 , 2 3 6
, 1 9 6 , 1 3 2 , ll , 1 9 6 , ll , 1 3 8 , ll , 2 0 2 , 0 , 2 3 7
l ll 6 , 3 8 , 1 9 4 , 1 8 2 , 8 9 , l ll ll , 1 8 3 , 8 9 , l ll 6
, 2 S 4 , 8 9 , l ll l , S l , 6 S
6 SIJ DATA 1 2 2 , 8 9 , l ll S , 3 8 , 1 7 S , S 7 , 1 9
l , 8 9 , l ll l , 1 6 6 , 1 3 2 , 1 6 4 , 1 6 0 , 1 70 , 1 61
Li'filing continued
February 1985
HOT Coco
23
Lis.ting continued
"THE CODE BUSTER"
dtsassembles anv 6809 or 6800
machine code program I nto beauttful source
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• constants I n p u t from DISK or CONSOLE.
• Automatically uses system variable NAMES.
• output to console, printer, or d isk fi l e.
• Av a il a bl e for au popul ar 6809 operati ng systems.
FLEX™
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os-9™ 5 1 50 per copy; specify S" o r 8" d iskette.
U n l FLEX™ 5300 per copy; 8" d i skette onl y.
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yo u DYNAMITE + is t h e worl d's best d isasse m b l er,
send us yo u r name, address, and the name of
yo u r operat i n g system.
•.,
-�
i'9
OoOo
OS-9
VEISIOI
$59.95
DISASSEM BLES 05- 9, FLEX, DOS FILES
Order your
DYNAMITE+ today!
see your local DYNAMITE + dealer, or order di­
rectly from csc at the a d d ress bel ow. we accept
tel e p h o n e orders from 10 am to 6 pm, Mon day
through Friday. can us at 3 1 4-576-5020. Yo u r VISA
or Mastercard is welcome. Orders o utside N o rth
A m e rica add Ss per c o py. Please s p e c ify d i s kette
size for FLEX or OS-9 vers i o n s .
Circle Reader Service card #507
computer Systems center
1 3461 Olive Blvd.
Chesterfteld, MO 6301 7
( 3 1 4> 576-5020
U n l FLEX software prices Include m a i n tenance
for the first year.
DYNAMITE + Is a trademark o f computer Systems center.
•
24
FLEX and UnlFLEX are trademarks o f TSC .
OS-9 Is a trademark o f Mlc roware and Motorola.
HOT CoCo
Dealer Inquiries welcome.
, 1 6 7 , 1 3 2 , 4 8 , 1 3 6 , 3 2 , l 2 2 , 8 9 , 1 06 , 3 8
, 2 4 0 , 1 9 0 , 8 9 , l 0 1 , 4 8 , 1 , 1 8 2.,Jl. 9 � 1 0 0 '
1 8 3 , 8 9 , 1 0 6 , 1 2 2 , 8 9 , 10 5 , 3 8
6 6 0 OATA 2 2 1 , 5 7 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 r 0 1 0 1 0 r
0 , 19 5 , 2 4 , 19 5 , 2 4 , 19 5 , 2 4 , 1 95 , 24 , 19
5 , 2 4 , 1 9 5 , 2 4 , 1 9 5 , 6 � , 1 9 5 , 60 , 0 , 1 2 6 ,
0 , 25 5 , 0 , 2 5 5 , 0 , 25 5 , 0 , 231 , 60 , 195 , 6
0
6 7 0 DATA 1 9 5 , 1 9 5 , 2 4 , 1 9 5 , 6 0 , 1 9 5 , 6
0 , 0 , 12 6 , 0 , 247 , 0 , 2 5 5 , 0 , 2 5 5 , 0 , 231 ,
6 0 , 1 9 5 , 6 0 , 6 6 , 1 9 5 , 20 , 1 9 2 , 5 3 , 1 2 , 8 1
, 6 3 , 6 4 , 15 , 80 , 3 , 8 8 , 19 5 , 2 0 , 2 4 3 , 4 , 1
5 , 80 , 1 9 2
6 8 0 DATA 2 9 , 2 5 2 , 3 , 2 5 5 , 0 , 1 9 5 , 2 0 , 1
5 , 80 , 2 5 5 , 0 , 2 5 5 , 0 , 1 4 2 , 8 9 , 2 1 5 , 7 9 , 1
98 , 3 , 166 , 13 3 , 90 , 16 9 , 1 33 , 167 , 1 3 3 ,
9 0 , 4 2 , 2 4 9 , 1 9 8 , 3 , 1 08 , 1 3 3 , 3 8 , 3 , 9 0 ,
4 2 , 249 , 57 , 0
6 9 0 DATA 0 , 0 , 0 , 2 0 4 , 4 9 , 2 5 5 , 0 , 2 0 4 ,
1 9 , 6 3 , 1 9 2 , 2 07 , 4 8 , 2 5 5 , 0 , 2 0 7 , 1 6 , 2 4
3 , 1 2 , 1 2 7 , 91 , 9 8 , 1 4 1 , 50 , 1 3 , 2 1 , 3 9 , 4
5 , 1 42 , 2 , 9 , 16 , 14 2 , 8 9 , l 3 7 , 1 98 , 9 , 16
6 , 132 , 16 4
7 0 0 DATA 1 6 0 , 1 7 0 , 1 6 0 , 1 6 7 , 1 3 2 , 1 6 7
, 1 3 7 , 2 4 , 0 , 4 8 , 1 3 6 , 3 2 , 9 0 , 3 8 , 2 38 , 4 8
, 1 3 7 , 2 5 4 , 22 5 , 1 2 4 , 9 1 , 9 8 , 1 8 2 , 9 1 , 9 8
, 1 29 , 6 , 3 9 , 4 , 1 4 5 , 21 , 38 , 21 4 , 57 , 198
, 6 , 14 2 , 2 , 9 , 79
7 1 0 DATA 1 6 7 , 1 3 6 , 3 2 , 1 6 7 , 1 3 6 , 6 4 , l
6 7 , 13 6 , 9 6 ,167,137,0 , 128 , 1 6 7 , 1 3 7 ,
0 , 16 0 , 1 6 7 , 137 , 0 , 19 2 , 1 6 7 , 137 , 0 , 2 2
4 , 16 7 , 13 7 , 1 , 0 , 16 7 , 128 , 9 0 , 3 8 , 2 2 2 ,
5 7 , 20 6 , 2 , 6 1 , 1 9 8 , 6
7 2 0 DATA 2 4 7 , 9 1 , 9 8 , 1 3 4 , 8 5 , 1 8 3 , 9 0
, 1 2 5 , 1 4 2 , 9 1 , 108 , 3 2 , 1 6 , 20 6 , 2 , 3 9 , 1
9 8 , 6 , 2 4 7 , 9 1 , 9 8 , 1 3 4 , 2 5 5 , l 8 3 , 90 , 1 2
5 , 1 4 2 , 9 1 , 102 , 16 , 1 4 2 , 9 1 , 28 , 1 98 , 7 ,
166 , 128 , 61 , 4 9 , 1 7 1
7 3 0 DATA 1 9 8 , 7 , 1 6 6 , 1 6 0 , 1 3 2 , S 5 , 1 6
7 , 1 9 6 , 1 6 7 , 20 1 , 2 4 , 0 , 5 1 , 2 00 , 3 2 , 90 ,
3 8 , 2 4 0 , 5 1 , 20 1 , 2 5 5 , 3 1 , l 2 2 , 9 1 , 9 8 , 3
8 , 2 1 8 , 5 7 , 5 2 , 1 02 , 3 1 , 1 6 , 1 6 , 1 90 , 9 1 ,
1 00 , 4 9 , 1 7 1 , 1 6 , 1 9 1
7 4 0 DATA 9 1 , 1 00 , 1 6 , 1 4 0 , 3 9 , 1 6 , 3 7 ,
1 7 , 3 1 , 3 2 , 1 3 1 , 3 9 , 1 6 , 2 5 3 , 9 1 , 1 00 , 5 2
, 1 6 , 23 , 25 5 , 54 , 5 3 , 16 , 1 2 , 2 1 , 9 5 , 1 6 ,
1 4 2 , 9 1 , 1 02 , 108 , 1 6 5 , 1 6 6 , 1 6 5 , 1 2 9 , 1
0 ,38 ,16 , 111, 165
7 5 0 DATA 9 2 , 1 9 3 , 5 , 3 4 , 8 , 1 0 8 , 1 6 5 , 1
6 6 , 1 6 5 , 1 2 9 , 10 , 3 9 , 2 4 1 , 9 5 , 4 8 , 3 1 , 3 8
, 2 2 3 , 1 4 1 , 1 2 9 , 5 3 , 10 2 , 5 7 , 1 4 2 , 9 1 , 10
7 , 1 6 , 14 2 , 91 , 11 3 , 198 , 6 , 16 6 , 132 , 3 8
, 1 2 , 1 6 6 , 164 , 3 8 , 7
7 6 0 DATA 4 8 , 3 1 , 4 9 , 6 3 , 9 0 , 3 8 , 2 4 1 , 5
7 , 16 1 , 164 , 34 , 13 , 3 9 , l , 57 , 4 8 , 3 1 , 4 9
, 6 3 , 1 6 6 , 1 3 2 , 90 , 3 8 , 2 40 , 5 7 , 2 5 2 , 9 1 ,
1 0 2 , 2 5 3 , 9 1 , 10 8 , 2 5 2 , 9 1 , 1 0 4 , 2 5 3 , 9 1
, 1 1 0 , 2 5 2 , 9 1 , 10 6
7 7 0 DATA 253 , 9 1 , 1 1 2 , 57 , 1 2 , 51 , 51 ,
5 1 , 5 1 , 51 , 1 2 , 1 2 , 1 2 , l 2 , 1 2 , 12 , 1 2 , 1 2
, 12 , 51 , 3 , 12 , 4 8 , 48 , 6 3 , 1 2 , 51 , 3 , 12 ,
3 , 51 , 12 , 4 8 , 5 1 , 5 1 , 63 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 63
7 8 0 DATA 4 8 , 6 0 , 5 1 , 3 , 5 1 , 1 2 , 1 2 , 5 1 ,
4 8 , 60 , 5 1 , 51 , 1 2 , 6 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 1 2
, 51 , 51 , 12 , 51 , 5 1 , 1 2 , 1 2 , 5 1 , 5 1 , 1 5 , 3
,51 , 12 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0
7 9 0 DATA 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 5 ,
1 7 0 , 80 , 1 6 0 , 8 5 , 1 70 , 0 , 0 , 8 5 , 1 70 , 8 0 ,
1 6 0 , 0 , 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 60 , 8 5 ,
1 70 , 80 , 1 60 , 8 5 , 1 7 0 , 80 , 1 6 0 , 80 , 1 6 0
8 0 0 DATA 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 0 ,
0 , 0 , 0 , 8 5 , 1 7 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 5 , 1 70 , 8 0 , 1 6
0 , 80 , 1 60 , 80 , 1 6 0 , 80 , 1 6 0 , 80 , 16 0 , 80
, 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 5 , 1 7 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 80 , 1 6 0
, 8 0 , 1 60 , 8 5 , 170
8 1 0 DATA B 0 , 1 6 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 r 8 0 , l
6 0 , 8 5 , 1 7 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 5 , 1 7 0 , 80 , 1 6 0 , 8
5 , 1 7 0 , 80 , 1 6 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 ,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
8 2 0 DATA 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 5 , 1 7 0 , 8 0
, 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 80 , 1 6 0
, 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 80 , 1 6 0 , 8 5 , 1 7 0 , 8 0 , 1 60 , 8 5 ,
1 7 0 , 8 0 , 1 60 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 ,
80 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 16 0
8 3 0 DATA 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 5
, 1 7 0 , 80 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 80 , 1 6 0
, 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 80 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 8 5 ,
1 70 , 8 1 , 1 60 , 8 0 , 1 60 , 2 0 , 4 0 , 8 0 , 1 6 0 , 6
4 , 1 2 8 , 6 4 , 1 6 0 , 80 , 4 0 , 9 9 9
END
February 1985
Circle Reader Service card #298
MOVING ?
TEAC
SANYO
MPI
SLIM LINE
DISK
DRIVES
Let us know 8 weeks i n advance so that you won ' t miss a single
issue of HOT CoCo. Attach old label where indicated and print
new address in space provided. Also include your mailing label
whenever 'JOU write concerning your subscription. It helps us
serve you promptly.
D I RECT DRIVE, Y2 HT. 40 track, 5ms Ut, DSDD
DRIVE 0, SINGLE D O U BLE SIDED DRIVE SYSTEM . $399.
DRIVE 0 & 1 DUAL D O U B L E S I D E D DRIVE SYSTEM . $ 5 1 9.
Write to: Subscription Department •PO Box 975• Farmingdale,
NY 1 1 737
i f you have a preference.
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$24.97.
DPayment Enclosed D Bill Me
Canada & Mexico $27 .97 / 1 yr. only
US funds draw n on US bank.
Foreign surface $44.97I I yr. only
US funds drawn on U S bank.
All drives include case and power supply, J&M controller, all
D u a l d r i ves come assembled i n dual case with dual supply and
rear gold plated dale connector.
below.
Affix Old Label Here
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MPI FULL HEIGHT, 40 track, 5 ms tit, DSDD.
DRIVE 0, S I N G L E DOUBLE S I D E D DRIVE SYSTEM . $299.
DRIVE 0 & 1 D UAL D O U B L E S I D E D DRIVE SYSTEM . $469.
c a b l e s and Disk BASIC Manual. All connections are gold plated.
Please write in new address here and allach old label or fill in
city
Above prices for Panasonic or Sanyo. C a l l for brand availablily
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CoCo•PO Box 975•Farmingdale, NY 1 1 737______.
$ 1 29.
J&M controller with J DOS and manual
J&M controller with RSDOS subject to avail. . . . . . . $1 29.
J&M controller without DOS ROM chip . . . . . . . . . . . $1 09.
JDOS ROM with manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 30.
L I BRARY CASE
Holds 7 0 diskeltes. key lock, 7 dividers. smoked acrylic case
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$ 1 9.
DISK BANK
b y Media Mate. Holds S O diskettes. 5 di vi de r s smoked cover t a n base
. $ 1 3.
How to order
All items 11ave a 90 day or better replacement pol1·
cy by us Include a complete product descriplion of
items desired. Add $3. per order for S & H . Add
$1 75 for COD For MasterCard or Visa orders add
3% of total including shipping. I n d i a n a residents
add 5% sates tax.
OZONE ENGINEERING
4769 South 200 East
Kokomo. I N 46902
Ph 3 1 7 -453-0989
5 - 1 0 p. m .
Many Companies call their
Home and Business Software
User Friendly
•
•
•
O NLY ONE CALLS IT
Cftild S �lay
.,- See List of Advertisers on page 89
TM
February 1985
HOT CoCo
25
HARDWARE
BY LALO MARTINEZ
BUILD YOUR OWN
JOYSTICK
With this simple hardware project,
you can build a joystick to equal
any on the commercial market.
B
uild your own inexpensive alter­
native to commercial joysticks.
The joystick featured here has a sturdy,
professional-looking case, and it works
as well, or better, than those selling for
$50 or more. (You ' ll find a parts list in
Table l .)
To begin construction, remove the
two Phillips-head screws from the Od­
yssey joystick and pull the top cover.
You will see a white plastic plug con­
nected to six wires. Carefully pull the
plug and put the cable aside.
Push down the round, black plastic
ring on the shaft and cut the retainer
that holds it down. (You won't need
this anymore.) Next, hit the joystick
handle against a hard surface until a
plastic retainer at the bottom breaks
loose. Don't worry about being gentle­
since you can ' t damage anything. Save
this retainer.
Push the handle down. When you see
the shaft coming out from the bottom,
cut the white plastic bushing around the
shaft and discard it.
Everything should now be loose. Pull
the shaft using the black rings as a han­
dle. Discard the big spring and the plas­
tic rings. (You might need to pull a little
harder if it does not come off the first
time.)
You will see a board with a plastic
sheet glued to it. This is the switch ma­
trix used in the Odyssey 2 jpystick. You
will just be using the fire-button switch.
(The fire-button has a stop point to pre­
vent too much pressure from being ap­
plied on contact. There will always be a
preset maximum of pressure on the con­
tact regardless of how hard the button
is pressed.
Place the Radio Shack pot on top of
the board and position one control to­
ward you and the other toward your
right. Put the cover on and align the hole
with the handle. Once they are aligned,
lift the cover, making sure that the pots
did not move, and mark the location.
Now drill fou r holes, I /8-inch in di­
ameter, to coincide with holes on the Ra­
dio Shack pots. If you don't have a drill,
use a sharp punch to make the holes.
To prepare cable to wire the pot, look
for a metal clip near the plug around the
brown insulator. Push it back four
inches. (You might need to loosen it.)
Peel off the brown insulator close to the
clip.
Pull up the red, green, yellow, and
orange wires off the plug, and cut the
white wire two inches from the plug.
Cut the orange wire at the clip and save
it. (You will use it to make jumpers.) Do
not disturb the black wire.
JOYSTICK WIRING
TOP V I EW
PLUG
l joystick from the Odyssey 2: part number 171572- 1 , available from any Magnavox
parts department. ($10 each)
I joystick pot: part number 271-1705, Radio Shack. ($4.95)
I 6-pin DIN plug: part number I 7PP048, available from Mauser Electronics, 1 1433
Woodside Ave., Santee, CA 92017. 619-449-2222. ($.95)
Table I. Parts List
'------ RED
'------ YLW
Fig. I. Top View of Joystick Wiring
26
HOT CoCo
February 1985
Circle Reader Service card #325
New from
ADVENTU R U S
S U PRE M U S 4 . 6 8
TESSERACT S O FTWA RE SYSTEMS
MusiWriter
Are you an adve nture r with at
least some experience? Are you
just a little tired of games set in
some repetitive science fiction or
medieval type setting? Adven­
turus Supremus 4.68 offers a dif­
ferent type of adventure, realistic
yet humorous. Challenging, com­
ical , and farcical , it offers an out
of the ordinary adve nture ex­
pe rience, that's just the change
that you need. Only those with at
l east some adventu ring ex­
perience need apply.
A "Word Processor tor Music
Capt ure your music on your Color
Computer. Then print as many copies
a s you want on a graphics printer
Supports up to 10 staves per system
and a wide range of notes. rests.
accidentals and time signatures
Send for s ample print out and
descriptive literature
Requires: 32k Color Computer with
disk and graphics printer
(e.g. DMP120/200)
Price: $50.00 US or $60.00 Can
plus $5.00 S&H
TESSERACT
SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
5350
MONTCLAIR AVENUE
MONTREAL
Quebec
Circle Reader Se
H4V 2L 1
rv
1 6k Color Basic Min imum
Required (On Tape)
i c e card #342
Send 9.95 (check or M .O.) to:
Bacchus Computer Software
1 43 East Michigan Avenue
Paw Paw, MI 4907 9
�CK
ISSUES
HOT CoCo back issues are
$3.50 each with a $1.00
shipping fee per issue.
lllustration by Robert Dukette
Next, solder the wires to pot follow­
ing the d i agrams in Figs. I and 2 .
Mount the pot on the board with screws
and insert the plug in its original place
with the black wire towards the back of
the joystick. Place the board back in the
bottom h a l f of the box . Secure t h e
cover with the Phillips screws. Put the
plastic retainer in the bottom cover us­
ing a strong glue such as Crazy Glue.
To wire the DIN plug, pull all wires
off the plastic connectors and cut the
orange wire close to the brown insula­
tor. Solder wires to the DIN plug ac­
cording to Figs. I and 2 .
The entire project should take about
35 minutes . •
�
We Pay the Shipping!
• .,.sow
Circle Reader Service card #60
For 10 or more issues add
$7.50 per order for shipping.
Send your order and
payment to:
HOT CoCo
Back Issue Order Department
BO Pine Street
Peterborough, NH 03458
COLOR TREK
•
l8ubsct1ption
� Problem? �
�
Hot CoCo does not keep subscrip­
tion
Address correspondence to Lalo
Martinez, 190 Congress St. , Jersey
City, NJ 07307.
records
on
the
premises,
therefore cal l i n g us only adds time
and doesn't solve the problem.
Please send a description of
DIN PLUG WIRING
REAR VIEW
the problem and your most recent
address l abel to:
Blast Ktingons and save 1he Federa­
Requires 16K of memory.
-
CassellC S7.95
ADVANCED
•
-
tion i n 1his game or both skill and strategy. Includes
an ins1ruc1ions program and 1cn levels of difficulty.
MAKER
D&D
f\/Of\/-PLA YER
CHARACTER
Takes into accoun1 spells. weapon.,, hit
points, level, class, gender. race, alignment. cons1i111·
1ion
bonus,
racial
adjus1men1�.
and
minimum
rc­
quircmcnls. Whew! A musl for all d i c e weary OM'�.
Requ ires l 6 K o f memory.
Casse1 1 C S t 4 .95
ARE YOU BORED WITH YOUR
4K COLOR COMPUTER?
COLOR ALEPH PROGRAM PACKAGE
COLOR
CYCLES,
COLOR
-
Includes
BLACKOUT.
and
COLOR MAZE. Each is progressively di Fficull and
requires only 4K of memory.
-
Casse11e S 1 1 . 95
COLOR CVCLFS
Play chicken against mo1orcycles
of ligh1 w i t h up to seven enemies al one 1ime. Wrinen in
machine language.
-
Casse11e S4.95
COLOR llLACKOUT
Armed w i 1 h only a 1ennis rac­
quet and five balls, you must knock out the colored bars
piece br piece. Joysticks are required.
COLOR MAZE
-
Casscuc S4.95
Run for your life through a 1wis1y
maze. All the while. an angry ghos1 is chasing a1 your
heels 1hrowing paralysis rays. Be wary of rhe med­
dlesome programming wizard who rearranges the maze
Fig. 2. DIN Plug Wiring (rear view)
v
See List of Advertisers on page 89
,
Sub.o;cription Dept.
PO Box 975
Farmingdale, NY 1 1737
Thank you and enjoy your subscription
around you. Includes machine language subroutines.
Cassetle S4.95
M
Aleph Unlimited
P. 0.
Box 8007
Stoek1on, California 95204
February 1985
HOT CoCo
27
GENERAL
BY PAUL STATT
Professionals and amateurs alike are using their
Color Computers for artistic expression. So can you.
Portrait
of the
CoCo Artist
A
rt has never been simple. Artists and philosophers
from Aristotle to Tolstoy have been arguing for
ages and the word isn't final . But beyond issues of aesthetics,
utility, craftsmanship, and religion, the computer has made
art in our time more complex than ever.
2.8
HOT CoCo
February 1985
Illustration by Richard Cowdrey
Artwork by Ana Landa
Ana Landa spends her free time-when not driving her
son to Boy Scout meetings and greeting sick children with
laughter at the pediatrician's office where s he works-draw­
ing at the keyboard of a 64K Coco. She claims she is not an
artist. Eric White speaks softly and carefully about the fu­
ture of art for artists-a time when he imagines all the visual
material in a magazine like this one being produced on com­
puter with a program being designed by a technically adept
artist . Ron Kiyomura makes his money at the local Radio
Shack store.
These CoCo artists are diverse. They prove that anyone
can be an artist, or at least , as Ana Landa would say, that
anyone can draw with the computer: "I don't really consider
myself an artist since I have to erase so many times. I don't
know how real artists do it, but at least I get pleasant pictures
after a lot of trying ." She sighs like someone who has
worked carefully and slowly to build a sand castle. She takes
pains. Ana is a friend of Marty Goodman, who markets the
Graphicom software she uses. Goodman helped her get
started in art, along with a few hours on CompuServe, where
she saw the work of other amateurs. " But that's getting too
expensive, " she admits. Money brought Ana to the CoCo
as well: ' 'It was very inexpensive at the time I started. I began
with a tape recorder and 1 6K of memory. I knew I could
expand, and now I have ended up with 64K and a disk
drive. "
Ana has hopeful words for those who don't know the dif­
ference between 64K and Special K. A wealth of computer
lore is not necessary for the creative person, she claims. ' ' I
didn't know anything about microprocessors. I ' m really not
at all interested in the computer itself. I play games on the
computer. I have a lot of other software (in addition to Gra-
phicom) that I don't really know what to do with . Her voice
rises as she suddenly remembers "I did take some Fortran
courses in high schoo l." But she fades, "I did lousy ."
Drawing i s a hobby for Ana, one she could not practice
without a computer. The machine makes it possible for the
creative person-who could never stay between the lines in
a coloring book-to draw . Her advice to other beginners is
not to study the masters or to draw while standing on their
heads, but just "to stick with it. It opens a lot of future to a
person who really likes art.
"You should know a little bit of drawing. But no skill is
necessary-only a lot of patience. With (Graphicom's)
stamps and erase command, you can save the pictureand do
it over and over again, move it around, and put it into dif­
ferent positions until it looks right to your eye. That's not
easy when you're drawing . "
Ana i s getting better, she thinks. She says that when she
first began, her work was " primitive." But lately she notes
the improvement of added background. " My work is very
abstract. I use a lot of lines. I see others using a lot of shading
and shadow, but I don't. Maybe it's just a lack of knowl­
edge. ' '
Ana's preference i s for abstract modern art. She espe­
cially enjoys, as so many computer people do, the geomet­
rical precision and whimsy of M.C. Escher.
Last fall she sold some Halloween pictures to a local ex­
position. When told that the sale of her paintings ended her
status as an amateur, she laughs and replies, "Is that all it
takes ?" But she's still enjoying a hobby.
In assessing her skill, Ana maintains, " I 've always liked
drawing, but I 've never done much because I wasn't any
good. Graphicom makes it easy ."
February 1985
HOT CoCo
29
"The real mark of a professional, " according to Eric
White, "is not how good he (or she) is at the actual render­
ing, it's how good he covers his mistakes . " Eric studied vis­
ual communications at the Art Institute of Pittsburg. He
works as a commercial artist for a graphics shop in Florida.
His CoCo is no hobby. But the very thing that makes Ana
Landa doubt that she is a true artist-erasing-is what he
claims is the sign of the professional.
"In normal artwork, say airbrush or line work or what­
ever, whenever you're doing your stuff and you mess up­
you draw the line too far or you spray over something you
shouldn't have-it's a problem. But if you 're good, even if
you make a mistake, you can fix it and it won't look like a
mistake has ever been made. Everbody makes mistakes; it's
how good you fix them . "
The lure o f the computer i s perfection. Computer art may
compromise precision or clarity but in favor of absolute per­
fection of form. On a computer, mistakes are nonexistent.
" It's as if they never happened, says Eric. "Your printout
or screen slides look perfect, and nobody in his right mind
could tell if you once drew a big X on the middle of the
screen-you cannot tell. When you' re finished, it looks like
you did it right the first time . "
The first time i s seldom the last. Eric has "updated ver­
sions" (Mona Lisa 1 . 2?) of all his pictures . When he started
using the CoCo for his art two years ago, the Radio Shack
X-Pad was not the tool that Eric has since programmed it to
be. Eric wrote the software he uses. As he improves his pro­
grams, he goes back to work done with older software to see
if he can 't " fix it up a bit . " Imagine a painter discovering a
new type of canvas and redoing all his earlier pictures .
Eric is a computer person. "Ever since high school I've
been interested in getting a computer. I just knew that they
would be neat if they ever got to where a normal person
could afford them." Eric feared that if he ever got started,
the limited access to the machines at his school would stifle
him. He did "a bit of programming" in college and some
free-lance work.
Eric and a colleague at Whitesmith, an unincorporated
partnership for computer graphics work, use a 32K CoCo
with Extended Color Basic. A multi-expansion port, disk
A rt work by Eric White
JO
HOT CoCo
February 1985
drives, and an Amdek monitor round out their equipment.
He has written custom software for printer dumps.
"Recently we have been working on a program that will
do printer dumps for us; It does all sorts of wild stuff: four­
color separations, enlargements of certain areas. We're
trying to get a color printer-an ink-jet or ribbon-based
printer. "
The X-Pad that Eric uses came without software-the
artist writes his or her own. Radio Shack has discontinued
the X-Pad in favor of the Koala Pad, which didn't impress
Eric because of the pre-packaged software he used it with on
another computer. "It doesn't do the same things mine
does . " Drivers of customized racers are seldom impressed
by stock cars.
The future for Whitesmith looks like a Micron Eye cam­
era-"a digitizing device that will enable us to take any art­
work and do any enlargement, any reduction, any rotation
of any degree. ' ' Eric sees a significant development for com­
mercial art in all this technology. ' 'Computer graphics could
replace a lot of magazine artists. It's not for every artist, but
the future will be a machine that looks like the Apple Ma­
cintosh. Not the Mac, but a machine that does some of the
things the Mac does . " In color, it is to be hoped.
Using the Micron Eye camera, Whitesmith could restart
with a logo, "take the image, touch it up-the camera im­
ages aren't much good-make it look pretty, take a piece of
one picture, turn it around, do whatever I want, maybe in­
corporate it into anothe� picture . " Eric advises that students
of the graphic arts who hope to be working in 20 years learn
something about computing. " What works best is a pro­
grammer-artist combination ; the artist knows what he
wants and the programmer knows how to do it. The system
of the future will be designed by the people who use it. ' '
Ron Kiyomura was trained to be an artist, not a comput­
erist. "I was an art major at UCLA," he says. "One of my
favorite media was watercolor. Working with paper I have
more flexibility. With the computer it's an on/off thing."
Like most art students, Ron was exposed to a wide variety
of media at school: oils, water color, pencil, charcoal,
prints, and more. He believes that the experience of dabbling
in many kinds of creation helped prepare him for the tech-
A rtwork by Ron Kiyomura
nological art he does now.
"The computer is just another medium to adjust to. It has
limits and strengths. It's interesting to see the different sorts
of effects I can get with the computer. There is always a chal­
lenge in something different . "
Photography, for instance, was a challenge t o accepted
notions of art in the late 1 9th century. The camera not only
defined a new medium for artists like Steichen and Steiglitz,
it forced the more traditional media-oils and such-to turn
away from realism, away from ' 'photogenic' ' reproduction,
aswecall it now. Ron imagines that the computercould have
something of that camera effect in the late 20th century.
And, just as the photograph also changed the nature and
purpose of the art gallery, the computer and modem might
make art accessible in a new light.
Print-making, an earlier technological innovation, al­
tered the availability of art in the European Middle Ages.
Ron finds that computer art is ' 'more like print-making than
water color," using a revealing historical analogy. "When
you do a watercolor," he observes, "it has to come out right
the first time . " Like Ana Landa and Eric White, Ron be­
lieves that the computer gives him room for mistakes that
are often creative. The artist is free to play.
But Ron notes an immense block to his CoCo creativity;
"l haven't been real successful at coming up with a lot of
colors. This i s limiting, but an artist works within and
around the limitations. It's not how I make my living, but I
guess I am an artist ."
Ron earns his daily bread and pays for his garret b y work­
ing at a Radio Shack store, where he repairs uncooperative
computers. "For my artwork , " he believes, "that means
things that might mean panic to some people don't scare
me. ' ' An error message or a whining disk drive doesn't slow
Ron Kiyomura down. "I know how to take the computer
apart and fix it," he points out. For instance, a common
CoCo maintenance problem: "The disk controller is apt to
become oxidized,-to get dirty. I know to get in there and
clean i t . "
Employment at the source doesn't mean that Ron uses
only the latest ' 'state-of-the-art" equipment. ' 'For graphics
l use the Graphicom package, a modified Kraft joystick-I
mean a Radio Shack joystick, they look just alike-and a
color monitor. Essentially that's it. The color monitor is
great. It's a lot easier on the eyes than the TV."
Ron's complaint with the limitations of computer art are
closely tied to his experience with the equipment. "The VDG
chip in the CoCo is a big hindrance. I guess it was improved
for the Commodore 64"-a machine that Ron tried and lik­
ed . "The CoCo supports only four colors in high-resolu­
tion; the 64 supports 1 6. I know how expensive it would be,
but that's the kind of change I ' d like to see in the machine. "
The parent company-Ron's employer-comes i n for
some mild criticism. " Radio Shack is really strange. They
offered no (software) support for the X-Pad. And now
there's no software for the Radio Shack Touch Pad that re­
placed it. "
Ron i s quick t o modestly assert that he's been doing com­
puter art for only a year now, "and for the last few months
I 've been doing nothing. But people keep after me to do
more artwork. Nothing that I 've done would I consider to
be really serious. Most of my stuff lately-let's say it's 90
percent bad, although some is really good-most of the
good stuff I uploaded onto CompuServe (#72256,2737). I ' d
like t o get back into that. "
The most popular of Ron's works on CompuServe has
been a picture of "a naked person. " Ron isn't thinking of
becoming a pornographer, but he can see what sells. He likes
the open market for art that telecommunications offers .
' 'CompuServe as a gallery-I can see what others are doing,
get extra ideas, and show my own work, too. For a begin­
ning artist. . . I would recommend CompuServe. It is expen­
sive, compared to the hardware, but if the artist is isolated,
it's a great way to meet others. "
To the beginner, Ron offers this wisdom: "Drawing with
the computer will take patience and perseverance. It's a joy­
stick and is going to be frustrating at the start." Remember
the first time you picked up a pencil?
To Tolstoy and Aristotle, who asked: ' 'What is art? What
is good? " -a bit more wisdom. Ron Kiyomura has found a
technological fix as an answer. "I look at my ratings on
CompuServe-how many downloads. I count the down­
loads and I know how good my work was . " •
A ddress correspondence t o Paul Stat!, c/o HOT
NH 03458. Paul
Stat! is a free-lance writer who writes a regular column
in PICO-The Briefcase Computer Report.
CoCo, 80 Pine Street, Peterborough,
February 1985
HOT CoCo
31
GRAPHICS
BY WILLIAM H. RONEY
RIG
Who says A rt and Math don 't mix?
These short routines prove that they do.
R
elatively simple trigonometry can
be applied to achieve artful pic­
tures with the Color Computer. Trigo­
nometry's sines and cosines effectively
produce the curvature seen in most of
nature, including animals, vegetation,
and people-and often in man-made
things, such as the Jefferson Memorial,
Fords, and hockey sticks. It's pretty
hard to draw those things with just
L I N E , DRA W , and C I RCLE com­
mands, even though a circle is shaped
by a trig formula.
Now don't let sine and cosine (or
even tangent and arctangent), frighten
you. Radio Shack tells about SIN and
COS in the Getting Started manual
that came with your CoCo. It explains
how to determine the value of angles
and sides of triangles, the main stuff o f
trig, but i t doesn't tell you how t o apply
SIN and COS to graphic art. The Going
Ahead manual does give a sample pro­
gram for drawing SIN/COS curves, but
that's about all.
trig procedure but provide more com­
mon Basic procedures to give artistic
context, such as sunlight reflections on
water, small birds, and clouds.
All programs are in PMODE 4 to take
advantage of high resolution. Color is
not an important consideration. It is
usually introduced into the screen image
by the TV's "color fringe" effect, the
color set (zero or one) in the SCREEN
statement, or the color adjustments o f
the TV. I f you insist o n lots of color, use
System Requirements
16K RAM
Extended Color Basic
About the Listings
The 1 1 art programs contain no GO­
SUB, RETURN, or GOTO commands
(except in line 999 GOTO 999 to end a
program) t h a t keep y o u frantically
chasing up and down the listing to see
how the program works.
Most programs are not confined to
32
HOT CoCo
February 1985
Photo 1. Beaver Emerging from a Pond
This program L!ii 11vail ablc- o n our r ns1a.n1 CoCo i;asscue.
Sec rhe lns:ian( CoCo ad elsewhere in 1 h i s issue.
a PMODE less than four, with appro­
priate PCLS and screen codes, followed
in a separate line segment by a COLOR
statement (e. g . , PM ODE 3 , I : P CLS
3 :SCREEN l ,O:CO LO R 2,3). Forget
PAINTing, as it applies to tightly closed
boundaries of areas to be painted, few of
which are in these programs. A PAINT
job can ruin your masterpiece.
For analyzing coordinate positions
on the screen, especially when compos­
ing your own programs, refer to the
suggested Graphics Guide of Program
Listing 1 2 . You can stop a program at
any point to study its progression and
get ideas for other programs by simul­
taneously pressing the shift and @ keys.
Press any key to continue.
Dare to Experiment
Try to be a real artist as well as a good
computerist. When you compose, give
your main subjects contexts that do not
rely wholly on trig, such as sunlight re­
flections and clouds, using nontrig pro­
cedures . Few t hings are completely
suspended in empty space.
When you compose your own pro­
grams, dare to be experimental and
even unorthodox. For exa mple, try
d o u b l i n g up on RND to m a k e i t
RND(RND(N)), or reverse the usual or­
der of X , Y and make it Y,X in PSET
and LINE statements. You'll be sur­
prised and maybe pleased with the re­
sults.
Some of these programs run quite
slowly, but be patient. Few artists ex­
pect to see their works born instantly
before their eyes.
derstand for graphics. (This is used in
all the programs that follow.)
Lines 80 and 90 establish coordinates
(X,Y) in the LINE statement of line
1 00, which draws the body. In line 80
the COS value varies from I to 0 as the
angle A varies from 0 to 90 degrees and
from 0 to - I as the angle proceeds to
1 80 degree s. (Keep in mind that the
COS of angles from 90 to 1 80 degrees.
is a negative value.) Thus, points on the
X axis are plotted from 0 to 250. At the
same time, the SIN function in line 90
positions the points vertically between
35 and 1 20 on the Y axis.
The result is t o draw an imaginary,
semielliptical curve stretching from 0 to
250. Each imaginary point on the curve
is joined to a common, fixed coordinate
(25 , 1 20) in line I 00, thus producing the
beaver's fur. Finally, the SIN function
in line 90 works opposite to the COS.
That is, the SIN varies from 0 to I as
the · angle varies from 0 to 90 degrees
and from I to 0 as the angle proceeds to
1 80 degrees.
The beaver's eyes and nose in lines
1 40- 1 60 are self-explanatory.
If you're not lost in the woods with
all that trig, try out the sunlight reflec­
tions on the pond (lines I 90-3 1 0) . They
�[t- J]--•
�·
c'?')'(
'
( f('o=---
don ' t rely on trig but use the familiar
RND function and a single L I NE state­
ment. Try a different pattern of reflec­
tions by varying the parameters. If you
want more sunlight showing, increase
the value of N in line 1 90 .
Stingrays and Strange Birds
Once when snorkling, I discovered
S t i ng r a y ( P r o g r a m L i s t i n g 2) a n d
thought I should transfer h i m t o the TV
screen. Lines 50- 1 1 0 easily make his
body. In this case, the COS and SIN
statements contain expressions more
c o m p l ex t h a n j u s t C O S ( T H ) a n d
S IN(TH) . They are expanded t o COS
( I + SIN(TH)) and SIN(! + COS(TH)).
There is no advance insight that they are
the forms needed, unless you are expe­
rienced in trig art. Like many other trig
art procedures, they are the result of
doodling and patient experimentation.
I couldn ' t recognize this creature
when I saw him-hence Strange Bird in ·
Program Listing 3 . He apparently has
two tails, possibly because he doesn't
understand trig correctly.
At any rate, he illustrates how you
can draw birds in general, and you're
back to simple COS(TH) and SI N (TH ) .
The outcome i s controlled by line 7 0 i n
Leave It To Beaver
When I first spied the subject of Pro­
gram Listing I in the woods, he looked
like a porcupine. (See Photo I .) But he
was just emerging from a pond, so I fig­
ured he must be a beaver. This gives me
an excuse to show how to create sun­
light reflections on water.
The beaver himself is made by simple
trig statements. Line 50 sets up an angle
A that varies from 0 to 1 80 degrees, in
steps of 4 degrees, to create a furry
body. Line 70 converts the angle (at any
moment) to radians, small fractions of
circular arc that the computer can un-
Photo 2 . Ribbon Flo wers
February 1985
HOT CoCo
33
the manner explained. If you increase
the bird's size over 1 00, the program
will probably crash. Try changing the
parameters for different sizes, shapes,
and textures-without crashing. When
moving about on the screen, the bird
has a bad habit of trying to stick his tail
beyond the screen border and crashing
the program. This touchy character
also has a habit of detaching his head
when; in lines 1 10 and 1 20, the origin
point ( 1 25,95) is changed.
Good luck trying to keep this bird un­
der control.
Which Witch 's Hat?
I found this hat (Program Listing 4)
on my porch floor after the trick-and­
treaters had wearily gone home. To cre­
ate it, first spread out the brim by
changing the STEP value of line 40 to
10. Now note the upper segment. It's
formed by interconnecting coordinates
as follows: (X,Y) to ( X I , Y I ) in line 1 60,
(X I , Y l ) to (X l , Y l - 1 0) i n line 1 70,
(X l ,Y l - 1 0) to (X,Y) in line 1 80, and
(X,Y) to (60,60) in line 1 90.
These segments are successively
drawn in an arc of 90 degrees, deter­
mined in line 40, thus producing the
hat's brim in three-dimensional per­
spective. Now restore the STEP value
of line 40 to 5 .
To change perspective o f the hat:
Change line 40 to show 359 degrees (360
degrees will result in a double impres­
sion when you run the program), and
move the tip of the hat from (60,60) to
(80,80) in line 1 90. The hat is now cir­
cular, resembling a sombrero as seen
from above. Changing the STEP value
of line 40 alters the character of the hat.
A step of 3 to 5 appears best.
The hat can be transformed into sev­
eral different designs. In line 1 90, shift­
ing the tip of the hat from (60,60) to
( 1 25 ,95) results in several designs when
altering the values of M and M I in lines
60 and 1 1 0. Use your imagination and
experiment.
Net Relief and a Lamp
Program Listing 5 , 3-D Net, is an
easy one, j ust to give you some relief.
But it's an effective drawing in 3-D per34
HOT Coco
February 1985
spective, even if it won 't haul in many
fish .
Try changing the parameters i n line
90, such as ( 9 5 , X ) for ( X , 9 5 ) , and
(Y, 1 25) for ( 1 25,Y). You'll get a star­
tling design if you hit the right combi­
nation. Most other programs in 3-D
perspective take many more lines. This
one shows the magic of trig graphics .
I came across this lamp in Program
Listing 6 at a flea market. It looks old­
fashioned but rather pretty. It's slow to
developwhen run. Be sure to wait about
two minutes for the long table line to
appear at the end .
Why so slow? The answer is in an ex­
planation of the program. After run­
ning the program as written, change line
80 to read "ST 5 + (etc .)", and in line
90 change the width from 35 to 50. This
change spreads the horizontal lines and
increases the space between the dots
which form them, by increasing the
STEP(ST) value of line 80. (Behold !
Another creation-some k i n d o f
vessel.)
Now observe the vertical SIN and
COS curves composed of dots . These
curves are squeezed tightly together in
the original lamp program as they ap­
proach the lower edge of the shade,
producing a solid image of the lamp.
Simple curves form the lamp.
The formulas p robably look like
nonsense to a mathematician, but they
work for graphics . Conclusion: Dare to
be unorthodox. Here again the lamp is
the product of tedious experiment and
·
random imagination. Try drawing other
kinds of lamps by following the REM in­
structions in the program listing.
=
Champagne and Flowers
Program Listing 7, Champagne for
Thre e, i s t e m p t i n g . Howeve r , t h e
glasses will not be filled until the three
guests have arrived. In the meantime,
let ' s see how to create the glasses. The
program is similar to Listing 6, Table
Lamp. If you understood that pro­
gram, the details of this one will be
clear.
The t h ree p a i r s o f PSETs ( l i n e s
1 30, 1 50; 1 90,2 1 0; and 250,270) split
the program (lines 40-90) i nto three
parts, producing the three glasses at dif-
ferent positions. Again, the program is
based on vertical S I N and COS curves
cut off at two Y axis points (40 and 70,
in line 40).
Try changing the parameters in dif­
ferent ways to get unpredictable objects
that probably won't hold champagne.
For an ambitious learning exercise, try
putting one glass by the previous lamp
(Listing 6), on the same table. Now you
need some flowers to complete the party
setup, so move on to Program Listing 8,
Ribbon Flowers.
I have actually batted out these flow­
ers on my keyboard . (See Photo 2.)
They show that it takes S I N and COS to
get curvature for advanced graphics. You
can't do these with j ust LINE, DRAW,
and CIRCLE commands.
This is an arduous program to com­
pose and not a snap to understand.
Nevertheless, please bear with me for a
reward of merit: the satisfaction that
comes from aesthetic creation with a
computer.
The program (lines 50- 1 80) is split
into three parts-the three blossoms in
lines 1 50- 1 70. The general procedure is
similar to those in previous listings. You
can change the number of petals on the
blossoms by altering the number in line
80. If you want more petals, i t will take
l onger to r u n t h e progra m . I f you
change the position of the blossoms,
they will leave their stems high and dry.
The latter are made with a separate sub­
program.
Drawing the vase (lines 2 1 0-240) is
not hard . I t ' s when you get to the stems
that exasperation sets in. It takes trial
and error to get the arcs (stems) of the
right radius (of their parent circles) and
lengt h . T h i s i s w h e r e L i s t i n g l 2 ' s
Graphics Guide comes i n handy. With
the guide, you can estimate the radius
of the arc and its proper coordinates.
Just make sure the center of the arc is
within the boundaries of your screen.
Otherwise, the program will probably
crash.
·
Mountain Majesty
The volcanic giants in P rogram List­
ing 9, Mountain Scene, slowly take
shape on your screen. They are drawn
with slowly swinging UNEs phsoted at
their peaks (lines 1 00, 1 50, and 200).
Two of the mountains have craters
from ancient eruptions (lines 250-280).
The foreground clouds leisurely roll in
to the foot of the large mountain (lines
320-4 10). Finally, small clouds in the
distance fill in the rest of the expanse
(lines 430-500), and you have a pano­
ramic view.
Line 60 is quite unorthodox as a trig
formula, using TAN and A TN for the
first time in these programs. However,
it works for graphic mountains. Delete
the TAN and ' ' I + ATN' ' parts, and
you'll see how simplification destroys
the picture. Also, line 60 permits sim­
pler statements by substitution in lines
that follow.
The key to making craters is to use a
color in lines 260-270 that matches the
background color, so the craters erase
the peaks .
I n making clouds, note the rare use
of a double random, RND(RND(70)),
in line 350. This concentrates the clouds
in the distance, thereby providing per­
spective. You may determine the num­
ber of clouds in both cases by changing
the value of N in lines 320 and 430.
Turn this picture into a fantasy, as
follows:
like you've climbed the highest moun­
tain.
Bird and Bath
If you stand on the shore of Lost
Lake some late evening, you'll proba­
bly see the glowing Devilbird skimming
over the water. You 'II see his fiery wings
reflected by the lake, and in disbelief
you'll vow never again to indulge in so
much tempting CoCo.
The first part of Program Listing I O ,
Devilbird, (lines 50- 1 40) produces the
wings, which you can reshape if you
wish. (See Photo 3.) The remarks ex­
plain the program. You can improve on
the body. As drawn here, it's just a hur­
ried suggestion.
The rest of the program is in normal
Basic. The reflection in the water is
done in the same manner as you used in
Listing I , Beaver/Porcupine. The dis­
tant birds are a bit tricky, being made
with small arcs of circles to serve as wings.
The punch line is number 530, which
throws the scene into a reddish glow. Be
sure the color controls on your TV are
adjusted properly for this effect.
Program Listing l I , Bird Bath , is for
the birds that inhabit your yard, not in-
eluding the Devilbird of the last pro­
gram. It's no ordinary bird bath, since
you can change it into a more ornate
form.
Line 60 permits you to widen or nar­
row it by altering the range of M. The
RND value in the same line controls
the texture of the horizontal lines. Birds
like something rather solid, so don't
make the RND value too large.
In iine 90, altering the ratio changes
the height of the bath. Some birds like
it tall; others prefer it short. I f you wish
. to make a more ornate bath , do as fol­
lows :
I ) Add line 37 le read FOR N = I to 4 .
2 ) I n l i n e 4 0 c h a n g e S T E P 5 t o :i /' E P
3 + RND(7).
3) Change line 1 30 te NEXT M , A , N .
This causes the program to pass down
the Y axis N times (four in this case).
You can make the bird bath more solid
by increasing the value of N. If you
make N large enough (say eight), a solid
white bath will eventually appear. The
larger the value of N or any RND num­
ber, the longer it will take to complete
the picture. The two versions �iveu here
require about two and three minutes,
respectively.
I) Change line 30 to PMODE 3, I : PCL S 3 :
SCREEN 1 ,0.
2) Add line 36 COLOR 2 , 3 .
3 ) A d d line 37 POKE 1 78,56.
You now have striped mountains (by
the POKE statement) and yellow clouds
of smoke belching from the craters. De­
lete the POK E statement to eliminate
the stripes .
For a grand finale of bizarre color­
i n g , add l i n e 5 1 0 P M O D E 4 , I :
SCREEN 1 ,0. The special effect comes
at the end of the RUN.
When using the POKE procedure,
POKE 1 78,N, "N" is a particular num­
ber in the range 1 27-255 or is a variable,
short range such as 1 27 to 1 30. As an
example:
FOR N = 1 27 te 1 30
POKE 1 7 8 , N
NEXT N
Short ranges such as the above seem to
give better effect than long ranges such
as 1 27 to 200. By now you probably feel
Photo 3 . Devi/bird
February 1985
HOT Coco
35
Graphics Guide
Program Listing 1 2 o ffers the option
of comparing coordinates in the pre­
vious program listings with the display
screen coordinates during or a fter run­
ning the programs, or you can use the
guide as an aid in composing other
graphics programs.
The grid display consists of points
(dots), 0-255 on the X axis and 0- 1 90
on the Y axis, at intervals of 10 spaces
horizontally and vertically; and two
solid X axis and Y axis reference lines
intersecting at coordinate 1 25 ,95 , the
middle of the grid.
You can type in and run the guide be­
fore you enter any other program. (Re­
cording the guide to tape or disk and
merging it with other programs is help­
ful.) Lines 1 0 and 20 may be written in
any form, such as placing the file name
in line 1 0 and the subject in line 20. You
can use any PMODE in line 30, but
PM ODE 4, l gives the best results for
the previous programs.
Lines 3 1 -3 5 produce the guide. Con­
sider them to be temporary while you
study an existing program or compose
a new one. In the latter case, switch
back and forth between L IST and RUN
to determine appropriate coordinates
for the program.
T h e program ( a s i d e from t h e
PMODE in line 30) should start at line
40 (thus eliminating the rem a r k as
shown). Be sure to enter line 999 GOTO
999 (end of program) before running
the guide; otherwise, the program is
likely to crash when you use the guide.
( Avoid using 999 E N D , which w i l l
probably result in a crash .) Also, be
sure to anticipate using any ending line
number larger than 999 if a program ex­
ceeds line number 999 . •
Program Listing I. Beaver/Porcupine
'i o,'?
111 R E M * * L I ST I NG 1
211 R EM * * B EAVER/PORC U P ! N E
3 11 PMODE 4 , l : PC L S : S C R E E N 1 , 1
4 11 R E M * BODY
5 11 FOR A = ll TO 1 8 11 STEP 4 ' S T E P
6 11 ' V A L U E CONTROLS T E X T U R E
7 11 T H = A / 5 7 . 3
8 11 X = l 2 5 - 1 2 5 * COS ( T H )
9 11 Y = l 2 ll - 8 5 * S I N ( T H )
1 11 11 L I N E ( 2 5 , 1 2 11 ) - ( X , Y ) , P SET ' D RA
WS BODY
1 211 N EX T A
1 3 11 R E M * E Y E S AND NOSE
1411 C I R C L E ( 3 ll , l l ll ) , 2 , 2
1 5 11 C I RC L E ( 5ll , l l ll ) , 2 , 2
1 6 11 C I R C L E ( 4 ll , 1 1 5 ) , 2 , 2
1 7 11 R E M * S U N L I G H T R E F L E C T I ON S
1 8 11 ' O N POND
1 9 11 FOR N = l TO 1 5 11 ' CONTROLS NUM
BER O F R E F LECTION L I N E S
2 1 11 X = R N D ( 2 5 11 ) ' CONTROLS H O R I Z O N
T A L PLACEMENT O F R E F L E C T I O N L I N E
s
2 4 11 Y = l 2 11 + R N D ( 7 II ) ' CONT ROLS V E RT
! C AL P L A CEMENT O F R E F L EC T I O N L I N
ES
2 7 11 Z = 5 + R N D ( 2 5 ) ' CONTROLS LENGTH
OF R E F LECTION L I N ES
2 9 11 L I N E ( X , Y ) - ( X + Z , Y ) , P SET ' DR A
3 1111 ' W S R E FL ECTION L I N E S
3 1 11 N EXT N
9 9 9 GOTO 9 9 9
Program Lisling 2 . S1ingray
"' .
1 11 R E M * * L I ST I NG 2
2 11 R E M * * S T I NGRAY
311 PMODE 4 , l : PC L S : S C R E E N 1 , 1
4 11 R E M*MA I N BODY
5 11 FOR A = ll TO 3611 STEP 3
611 T H = A / 5 7 . 3
7 11 X = 7 5 + l ll ll * COS ( l + S I N ( T H ) )
811 Y = 3 5 + l ll ll * S I N ( l + COS ( T H ) )
9 .[I L I N E ( 5 ll , 3 5 ) - { X , Y ) , P SET ' D RA
1 1111 ' WS BODY
1 1 11 NEXT A
1 2 .[I R E M * TA I L
1 311 L I N E ( l 7 4 , 1 3 5 ) - ( 2 1 4 , 1 7 5 ) , P S
ET
1 4 11 L I N E ( l 7 5 , 1 3 5 ) - ( 2 1 5 , 1 7 5 ) , PS
ET
1 5 11 R E M * E Y E S
1 6 11 F O R R = ll TO 2
1 7 11 C I RC LE ( 5 5 , 5 11 ) , R , 2
1 8 11 C I R C L E ( 7 2 , 4 11 ) , R , 2
1 911 NEXT R
9 9 9 GOTO 9 9 9
Program Lis1ing 3 . S/range Bird
A ddress correspondence to Wil­
liam H. Roney, 309 North Virginia
A ve., Falls Church, VA 22046.
36
HOT CoCo
February 1985
111 R E M * * L I S T I N G 3
2.[I R E M * * STRANGE B I RD
311 PMODE 4 , l : PCLS : S C R E E N 1 , 1
4 11 R EM * B ODY/WINGS/TA I L
5 11 FOR A = ll T O 3 6 11 STEP 1 11 11
6 11 T H = A / 5 7 . 3
7 11 FOR M = ll TO 1 11 11 STEP 5 ' CON
811 ' TROLS S I Z E OF B I R D ( DON ' T
9.[I ' E X C E E D 1 11 .[I ) . STEP VALUE
1 11 11 ' CONTROLS TEXTURE OF WINGS
1 1 11 X = l 2 5 + M * COS ( T H )
1 2 11 Y = 9 5 + M * S I N ( T H )
1 3 .[I L I N E ( l 2 5 , 9 5 ) - ( Y , X ) , P SET ' D R A
1 4 11 I w s BODY/WI NGS/TA I L ( NOTE
1 5 11
1 6 11
1 7 11
1 8 11
1 9 .[I
2 11 11
2 1 .[I
2211
2 3 11
ET
999
' Y , X ORD E R )
NEXT M , A
R E M * H EA D
F O R R = ll TO 7
C I RC L E ( l 3 .[l , 9 5 l , R , l , . 4
NEXT R
REM* HOR I ZON
L I N E ( 5 , 1 2 11 ) - ( 8 5 , 1 2 11 ) , P S E T
L I N E ( l 3 5 , 1 2 11 ) - ( 2 5 11 , 1 2 11 ) , PS
GOTO 9 9 9
Program Lisling 4 . Wilch 's Hat
'tL �
111 R E M * * L I S T I NG 4
211 R E M * * W I TC H ' S HAT
3 11 PMODE 4 , l : PC L S : S C R E E N 1 , 1
4 11 FOR A = ll TO 9 11 S T E P 5
511 T H = A / 5 7 . 3
6 11 M = 2 11 ' CONTROLS S I Z E A N D C H A R
7 11 ' ACT E R I S T I C S
8 11 C=COS ( T H ) : S = S I N ( T H )
9 11 X = l 2 5 + M * C
1 11 11 Y = 9 5 + M * S
1 1 11 M l = 8 11 ' CONTROLS S I Z E AND
1 2 11 ' C HARACT E R I ST I CS
1 3 11 X l = l 2 5 + M l * C
1 4 11 Y l = 9 5 + M l * S
1 5 11 R E M * DRAW HAT
1611 L I N E ( X , Y ) - ( X l , Y l ) , P S ET
1 7 11 L I N E ( X l , Y l ) - ( X l , Y l - 1 11 ) , P S ET
1 8 11 L I N E ( X l , Y l - 1 11 ) - ( X , Y ) , P SET
1911 L I N E ( X , Y ) - ( 611 , 6 11 ) , P SET ' P E A K
2 11 11 ' O F HAT
2111 N EX T A
9 9 9 GOTO 9 9 9
Program Listing 5 . 3-D Ne!.;.
�
111 R E M * * L I ST I NG 5
211 R E M * * 3 - D N E T
3 11 P M O D E 4 , l : PC L S : S C R E EN 1 , 1
4 11 FOR A = ll TO 3 5 9 S T E P 6
511 T H = A / 5 7 . 3
611 X = l 2 5 + 8 ll * CO S ( T H )
7 11 Y = 9 5 + 8 .[l * S I N ( T H )
8 11 P S ET ( X , Y , l ) ' D RAWS DOT C I RC L E
911 L I N E ( X , 9 5 ) - ( 1 2 5 , Y ) , PS E T ' D RA
11111 ' WS NET
1 1 11 NEXT A
9 9 9 GOTO 9 9 9
Program Lisling 6 . Table Lamp
�o
1 11 R E M * * L I ST I NG 6
211 R E M * * T A B L E L A M P
3 11 PMODE 4 , l : PC L S : S C R E E N 1 , 1
4 .[I F O R A = 7 5 TO 1 3 .[I S T E P 1 . 2
5 11 T H = A / 5 7 . 3
6 11 N = 6 ' C HANGE TO 7 FOR ANOTHER
7 .[I ' STYLE O F LAMP
8.[I S T = l + 2 * S I N ( N * T H )
911 FOR C = l TO 3 5 S T E P ST ' CONT
11111 ' TROLS W I DT H OF LAMP
1 1 11 N l = 3 ' C HANGE TO 5 F O R
1 2 11 ' ANOT H E R S T Y L E O F L A M P
1 3 11 Y = A
1411 R E M * D RAW L E F T HALF O F L A M P
lisling contin1u.'fl
FEELING
HELPLESS ?
YOU NEED TO
LEARN A
LESSON !
MICRO LANGUAGE LAB :
LEARNING THE 6809
eeling a t t h e mercy of a program­
mer somewhere ? Mystified by a
you 're done, you 'II be programming
TRSDOS . . . they 're 6809 machine
language, the whole lot'
your Color Computer i n the 6809's
And you can learn the language of
the 6809, the programming heart of
Stop ignoring those gnawing
your Color Computer, with my Micro
Language Lab.
achine? My Micro Language Lab
few lines in Basic now and then does n ' t
make you a programmer. B u t if you
Here's why. The heart of
puter program
anywhere
any com­
is machine
language. Every piece of software uses it
- your favorite game, spreadsheet,
can
progra m , then my Micro Language Lab
will teach ,you - the right stuff, the
right way. .
,
I ' l l teach you in 24 half-hour lessons
on 12 audio cassettes, with a 220-page
word processor, data base manager, o r
textbook, with data booklets, with 3 5
recipe file. Every t i m e y o u h i t "Enter",
sample programs, and with a program­
it's working. All the languages and
ming reference card. You 'II spend 50
operating systems are created from it.
h o u rs or more with my course, listen­
Basic, Fortran , Pascal, Flex, OS-9,
ing, watching, and working. And when
ALSO AVAILABLE FROM GREEN MOUNTAIN MICRO
(Add S2. 50 sbipping and handling to your
orde1�
Lowerkit III
• Full-time upper and lowercase installs
in 15 m i n u tes.
• Normal and reverse video standard
• Fully compatible with all Alpha and
Graphic modes
3 79.95 assembled and tested
S49 . 95 complete kit of parts
Important.I Specify Color Computer or
Color Computer II
TV Buff II, clear i mage fo r video
monitors, Sl9.95 (specify Coco or CoCo2)
"" See List of Advertisers on page 89
feelings
of helplessness. The 6809 is w h ere the
power lies in your computer. Turn on
Not everyone can progra m . Wri ting a
ill give you the power to end
those helpless feelings.
language.
that power w i t h the Micro Language
Lab.
• Micro language lab, S99 00
(plus S 3 . 5 0 shipping and handling)
Requires
!6K E x te nd ed Basic EDTASM
+
Not sure? Write or call for a Table of
Contents and sample pages - and your
"I'll Teach You
A Lesson"
button!
l 'JJ
Teach y,
sson 1 °u 11
CoCoPort parallel interface (now in­
cludes plastic case) , S 5 4 . 9 5
I S44 .95 kit
ColorPack ROM/RAM pack, S 2 9 . 9 5
(specify configuration)
S 3 . 0 0 extra
I S l 9 . 9 5 kit I case
User Group , Educational, Club and
Dealer liscounts are available.
TRS-80 and TRSDOS are
64K memory u pgrade kit with full in­
structions, S49.95 I with memory test on
tape, 3 5 4 . 9 5
Color Quaver Software Music Syn­
thesizer on tape ( requ ires 3 2 /64 K), Sl9.95
Color Burner EPROM Programmer
(2716/32/32A/64/64A/1 2 8 , 68764/66) w i th
software, S69 . 9 5
I S 56 95 kit
Circle Reader Service card #98
trademarks of Tandy Cor­
poration. Flex is a trademark of TSC, Inc. OS-9 is
a trademark of Microware Corporation.
Green Mountain Micro
Bathory Road, Box H
Roxbury, Vermont 05669
802 485-6112
Hours: 9am - S p m EST, Monday - Friday
CODNISA/MASTERCARD
February 1985
HOT CoCo
37
listing co11tinued
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
2• •
999
P S ET ( l 2 5 + C * S I N ( N l * T H ) , Y , l )
R E M * DR A W R I G H T H A L F O F LAMP
P S ET ( l 2 5 - C * S I N ( N l *T H ) , Y , l )
N E XT C , A
R E M * DRAW T A B L E L I N E
L I N E ( S . , 1 2 9 ) - ( 2• • , 1 2 9 ) , P S E T
GOTO 9 9 9
Program Listing 7. Champagne for Three
1. R E M * * L I S T I NG 7
2. R E M * * C H AMPAGNE FOR T H R E E
3 . P M O D E 4 , l : PC L S : S C R E EN l , l
4 . FOR A = 4 • TO 7 . STEP 1 . 2
5 . TH=A/ 5 7 . 3
6 . ST= l + 2 * S I N ( T H )
7 . FOR C = l TO 3 5 S T E P S T ' CON
8. ' TROLS W I D T H O F G L A S S E S
9 . Y=A
11. R E M * U P P E R G LA S S :
1 2� REM*LEFT HALF
13. P S E T ( 1 2 5 - C * S I N ( 3 * TH ) , Y+ 3 . , l
)
1 4 . REM*R IGHT HALF
1 5 . PSET ( 1 2 5 + C * S I N ( 3 * TH ) , Y+ 3 0 , l
)
1 7 0 R E M * L E F T GLASS :
1 8 0 REM* LEFT HALF
1 9 0 PSET ( 5•-C * S I N ( 3 *TH ) , Y+ 5 0 , l )
200 REM*RIGHT HALF
2 1 . PSET ( 5 . + C * S I N ( 3 *TH ) , Y+ 5 . , l )
2 3 0 R E M * R I G H T GLASS :
2 4 0 REM*LEFT HALF
2 s • PSET 1 2••-c * S I N ( 3 * T H ) , Y + 5 . , l
)
2 6 0 REM*RIGHT HALF
2 7 0 P S E T ( 2 •• + C * S I N ( 3 *TH ) , Y+ 5 . , l
)
2 8 0 NEXT C , A
9 9 9 GOTO 9 9 9
Program Listing 8 . Ribbon Flowers
1. R EM * * L I S T I NG 8
20 R EM * * R I BBON F LOWE RS
30 PMODE 4 , l : PC L S : S C R E E N l , l
4 0 R E M * T H E B LOSSOMS
5 0 FOR A = 0 TO 360 STEP 1 . 5
6 0 TH=A/57 . 3
7 0 B = 2 5 ' S I Z E O F FLOWER
8 0 N = 4 ' 2 * N= NU M B E R O F PETALS O N
9 0 ' E A C H BLOSSOM
100 R =B * S I N ( N * T H ) ' M U L T I P L I E R
1 1 0 X = 9 0 + R *COS ( T H )
1 20 Y=4•+R*S I N ( T H )
1 3 0 FOR Z = l TO 5 S T E P 2 ' Z D I M E N
1 4 0 ' S I O N OF R I BBON
1 5 0 PSET ( x + z . y , l ) ' M I D D L E BLOSSO
M
1 6 0 P S ET ( X + Z - 4 0 , Y+ 7 0 , l ) ' LEF'T B L
OSSOM
1 7 0 P S ET ( X + Z + 8 0 , Y+ 4 . , l ) ' R IG H T B
LOSSOM
1 8 0 NEXT Z , A
190 '
2n R E M * V AS E
210 FOR X = l • 0 TO 1 5 0 STEP 4
2 2 0 FOR Z = l TO 6 STEP 2
2 3 0 CIRCLE ( X+ Z , 1 5 5 + Z ) , 1 5 , 5 , . 7 5
2 4 1'1 NEXT Z , X
250 '
2 6 0 R E M * F LOW E R STEMS :
2 7 0 REM * L E FT STEM
2 8 0 F O R A = 2 7 0 TO 3 6 0
2 9 0 TH=A/ 5 7 . 3
3 0 0 X = 6 0 + 6 • *COS ( T H )
3 1 0 Y= l 7 0 + 6 0 * S I N ( T H )
3 2 0 FOR Z = l TO 2 ' TH I C K N E S S O F S
TEM
3 3 0 PSET ( X + Z , Y+Z , l ) ' DRAWS STEM
3 4� NEXT Z , A
350 '
3 6 0 R E M * R I G H T STEM
3 7 0 F O R A = 3 1 0 TO 3 6 5
3 8 0 T H = A /5 7 . 3
3 9 0 X= 2 0 0 - 6 0 *COS ( T H )
4 0 • Y = l 4 . + 6 0 * S I N ( TH )
38
HOT Coco
February 1985
41.
TEM
42.
430
440
450
460
47.
480
490
500
TEM
510
520
530
540
999
FOR Z = l TO 2
' TH I CK N E S S O F S
P S E T ( X + Z , Y+ Z , l )
NEXT Z , A
' DRAWS S T E M
I
R E M * M I D D L E STEM
FOR A = 2 7 . TO 3 6 5
TH=A/5 7 . 3
X = 9 5 + 3 • *COS ( T H )
Y=l40+9•*SI N ( T H )
FOR Z = l TO 2 ' TH I C K N E S S O F S
P S E T ( X+ Z , Y + Z , l )
1
DRAWS STEM
NEXT Z , A
REM * T A B L E L I N E
L I NE ( S , 1 5 . ) - ( 2 5. , 1 5 . ) , P S E T
GOTO 9 9 9
Program Listing 9. Mountain Scene
1 0 REM * * L I ST I NG 9
2. REM * * MOUNTA I N S C E N E
3 0 P M O D E 4 , l : PC L S : S C R E E N 1 , 1
4 . FOR A = 0 TO 1 5 0 STEP • . 8
50 T H = A / 5 7 . 3
6 0 C=COS ( TAN ( T H ) ) : S= S I N ( l + A T N ( T H
) )
70 R E M * CE N T R A L MOUNT A I N
0 0 x = 1 00+1n•c
9 0 Y = 3 5 + 1 00 * S
1 0 0 L I N E ( l 00 , 3 5 ) - ( X , Y ) , P SET ' DRA
WS MOUNTA I N
1 2 0 R E M * 2 N D MOUNT A I N
130 X= 200+50*C
140 Y=50+50*S
1 5 0 L I N E ( 20 0 , 50 ) - ( X , Y ) , P SET ' D R A
1 6 0 ' WS MOUNT A I N
1 7 0 R E M * S M A L L MOUNTAIN
1 8 0 X = 2 1. + 2 5 * C
190 Y=90+30*S
2 0 0 L I N E ( 2 1 0 , 9 0 ) - ( X , Y ) , P S E T ' DRA
2 1 0 ' WS MOUNTA I N
220 NEXT A
2 3 0 R E M * R E DUCE F I RST TWO P E A K S
2 4 0 ' T O M A K E CRATERS
250 FOR R = 0 TO 2 0
2 6 0 C I RCL E ( l n , 3 5 ) , R , 2 , 0 . 5
2 7 0 C I R C L E ( 2 •• , 5 . ) , R , 2 , • . 5
2 8 0 NEXT R
2 9 0 R E M * HOR I Z ON
3 0 0 L I N E ( 3 , 8 5 ) - ( 4 7 , 8 5 ) , P SET
3 1 0 REM*MAIN CLOUDS
3 2 0 FOR N = l T O 7 0 ' CONTROLS D E N S
3 3 0 ' ! TY ( NUM B E R ) OF C LOUDS
340 X=RND ( 2 5 0 )
350 Y=l 30+RND ( RND ( 7 0 ) )
3 6 0 R l = R ND ( l 8 ) ' VA R I AB L E S I Z E O F
370 ' C L O U D S
380 FOR R = 0 T O R l
3 9 � C I RC L E ( X , Y ) , R , 1 , 0 . 2 5 ' D RAWS
400 ' CLOUDS
410 N E X T R , N
4 2 0 R E M * C LOUDS AROUND S M A L L
4 2 5 ' MOUNT A I N
4 3 � F O R N = l T O 9 0 ' CONTROLS D E N
4 4 . ' S I TY ( N U M B E R ) OF C L O U D S
450 X = l 8 0+RND ( 7 5 )
4 6 0 Y=l l 5+RND ( 20 )
4 7 0 R=3+RND ( 5 )
4 8 0 C I RC L E ( X , Y ) , R , 1 , . 4 , 0 . 5 ' D R A
4 9 . ' WS C LOUDS
500 NEXT N
9 9 9 GOTO 9 9 9
Program Listing JO. Devi/bird
1 0 R E M * * L I S T I NG 1 0
2 0 R E M * * DE V I L B I R D
3 0 PMODE 4 , l : PC L S : S C R E E N 1 , 1
4 . R E M *W I NGS
50 FOR N = lT0 1 6 ' NUMBER O F R I B S
6. ' I N W I N G S ( H A L F I N E AC H )
7 0 A = 3 0 : T H = A/ 5 7 . 3 ' VA L U E O F ' A '
8 0 ' CONTROLS S H A P E O F W I NG S
9 0 R = l 7 ' VA L U E CONTROLS D I P O F W
I NG S
1 0 0 X = N * R *COS ( T H )
1 1 0 Y = N * R * S I N ( TH )
1 2 0 L I N E ( l •• , 1 2 . ) - ( X , Y ) , PS E T ' DR
130 ' AWS W I NGS
140 N E X T N
1 5 0 R E M * BODY
160 C I RC L E ( U 5 , 1 2 0 ) , 8 , l , . 3
1 7 0 R E M * H EA D
1 8 0 C I RC L E ( 9 5 , 1 2 . ) , 3 , l , . 5
1 9 0 R E M * HO R I Z ON
2•0 L I NE ( 0 , 1 4 0 ) - ( 2 5 5 , 1 4 0 ) , PSET
2 1 . R E M * B I RD ' S D I RECT R E F L ECTION
I N WAT E R
2 3 0 F O R N = l TO 7 5
2 4 0 X = 8 0+RND ( 50 )
2 5 0 Y = l 4 0+ R N D ( 5 0 )
260 Z = 5+RND ( 2 . )
2 7 0 L I NE ( X , Y ) - ( X+ Z , Y ) , P S ET
2 8 0 N E XT N
2 9 0 R E M * B I RD ' S SCATT E R E D R E F L ECT
ION
3 1. FOR N=l TO 7 5
3 2 0 X=l 5+RN D ( 2 0 • )
3 3 0 Y = l 40+RND ( 5 0 )
3 4 0 Z = 5+ R N D ( l 5 )
3 5 0 L I NE ( X , Y ) - ( X + Z , Y ) , P SET
36. NEXT N
3 7 0 R E M * B AC K G R O U N D B I R D S ( UP P E R )
3 8 0 FOR N = l TO 5 ' CONTROLS N U M
3 9 0 1 B E R OF B I RDS
4 00 X = l 3 5 + R ND ( l l 5 )
4 1 0 Y = l • + RN D ( 4 . )
4 2 .0' C I RC L E ( X , Y ) , 7 , 3 , . 7 5 , . 1 , . 4 ' D
RAWS
4 3 0 ' B I RD S
4 4. NEXT N
4 5 0 R E M * BA C K G R O U N D B I RD S ( LOWE R )
4 6 0 FOR N = l TO 5 ' CONTROLS N U M
47. ' BER OF B I RDS
4 8 0 X=l•+RND ( 4. )
4 9 0 Y = 70+RND ( 60 )
5 0 0 C I RC L E ( X , Y ) , 7 , 3 , . 7 5 , . 1 , . 4 ' D
RAWS
5 1 0 ' B I RD S
5 2 . NEXT N
5 3 0 PMOD E 3 , l : SC R E E N 1 , 1 ' CO L O R S
5 4 0 ' P I CT U R E
9 9 9 GOTO 9 9 9
Program Listing 1 1 . Bird Bath
10 R E M * * L I S T I NG 1 1
2 0 R E M * * B I RD B A T H
3 0 PMODE 4 , l : P C L S : S C R E E N 1 , 1
4 0 FOR A = l 20 TO 2 2 0 S T E P 5
50 T H = A / 5 7 . 3
60 FOR M = 0 TO 5 0 STEP R N D ( 3 ) ' CO
N
70 ' T ROLS W I DT H & L I N E T E X T U R E
8 0 X = l 2 5 + M *COS ( 5 * CO S ( T H ) )
9. Y = A/ 2 ' RAT I O CONTROLS H E I G H T.
1 • 0 R E M * DRAW P I C T U R E
1 1 0 P S ET ( X , Y , l )
1 2 . P S ET ( l 2 5 - M * COS ( 5 * COS ( T H ) ) , Y ,
ll
1 3. NEXT M , A
9 9 9 GOTO 9 9 9
Program Listing 12. Graphics Guide
1 0 R E M * * L I S T I NG 1 2
2 0 R E M * * GRA P H I C S G U I D E
3 0 PMODE 4 , l : P C L S : S C R E E N 1 , 1
3 1 POR X = 0 TO 2 5 5 S T E P 1 0
3 2 FOR Y = 0 T O 1 9. S T E P 1 0
3 3 P S ET ( X , Y , l ) : N EXT Y , X
3 4 L I N E ( 0 , 9 5 ) - ( 2 5 5 , 9 5 ) , PSET
35 L I N E ( l 2 5 , . ) - ( 1 2 5 , 1 9 0 ) , P S E T
4 0 R E M * START P ROGRAM ON T H I S L I N
E
9 9 9 GOTO 9 9 9 ' EN D OF PROGRAM
2000 '
2 0 1 0 R E M * D E L E T E L I N E S 3 1 - 3 5 WH
EN
2 • 2 0 ' P ROGRAM I S COMP L ET E D . END
2•30 ' P ROGRAM W I TH L I N E N U M B E R
2 0 4 0 ' LA R G E R T H A N 9 9 9 I F N E E D E D .
END
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ABC'S In Color
Speed your child's learning of the
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Alpha Memory
Your child can master the lower and
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multiplication & division flash card.
CoCo 16K
Tape $15.95
See & Spell
Let your computer aid your child in
learning to �-pell!
CoCo l6K ECB Tapc $ 1 4 .95 Disk $ 1 8.95
Disk $ 19.95
Mr. Piggy
Program will aid your child in learning
the value of money!
CpCo 32K ECB T ape $ 19.95 Disk $24 .95
February 1985
HOT CoCo
39
UTILITY
BY R. STEVEN BERRY
Do-IT-YOU RSELF
Get hi-res printouts of your screen graphics
and learn a little about how it 's done.
W
hen you've completed your
graphics masterpiece, how do
you send a copy to Mom? If you have
a printer and the right program, you
do a dump of the TV screen to the
printer. Writing this program yourself
involves three steps:
• Understanding how data is displayed
on the TV screen.
• Understanding how data is printed
by the printer.
• Designing a routine to reformat the
data.
Assembly language is necessary for
this project because the printer uses
only a small part of each byte at a
time (see Program Listing 1 , Screen
Dump); Basic cannot do the required
bit manipulation. If you don't have
an assembler, study this article to
learn the process and then use the
Basic Program Listing 2 to produce
the finished machine-language pro­
gram. The program listing is for Ra­
dio shack's EDTASM +
Screen Format
Each dot of light (called a pixel) on
the TV screen is controlled by the
computer's video display generator
·
(VDG). The data that tells the VDG
to set (lighten) or clear (darken) the
System Requirements
16K RAM
Extended Color Basic
Printer (DMP 100
or LP VII)
EDTASM + Optional
40
HOT Coco
February 1985
pixels are stored in memory. When
the normal text screen is displayed,
byte &H400 ( 1 024) is the first space in
the upper left corner of the screen.
There are 5 1 2 (&H200) spaces for
characters on the text screen, so the
memory address of the last byte is
1 535 (&H5FF).
Try POKEing some numbers within
t his range to see the process i n action.
For example, POKE &H500,255. This
puts a small orange square half-way
down the edge of the screen. In the
text mode, a specific letter, number,
or graphic character is displayed for
each byte in this section of memory.
The character generator does this au­
tomatically. The printer uses a similar
system for printing characters on pa­
per.
When graphics are displayed, the
character generator isn't used . Every
byte of data is directly displayed on
t h e s cree n . D i s k system g r a p h i c s
memory begins a t &HOEOO (&H600
on nondisk systems). The number 1 70
(&HOAA) is 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 in binary. This
byte is displayed on the graphics
screen as a small row of dots, eight
pixels long. The pixels are set and
cleared in an alternating pattern cor­
responding to the pattern of ones and
zeros in the binary number being dis­
played . Type the following commands
(and press the enter key) and POKE
various numbers into the graphics
memory:
PCLS:POKE 359,57:PMODE4, l .
When you type "SCREEN l , " you
see a plain screen. To switch back to
text, type "SCREEN O . " POKE a va­
riety o f n u mbers into memory be­
tween &HOEOO and &H25FF (nondisk
s y s t e m s b e t w e e n & H 6 0 0 and
&H I DFF). Y o u can' t see what you
type while in this mode, so enter your
commands while in the text mode.
When you're ready, type "SCREEN
l " to switch modes and see the prod­
uct. There are 256 pixels in each line
of the screen and each pixel is con­
trolled by l bit. Since there are 8 bits
per byte, there are 32 bytes per line.
POKE several numbers into three or
four locations 32 bytes apart and no­
tice how a pattern begins to appear
( e . g . , A = & H O E 40 : B = A + 3 2 :
C = B + 32; · POKE A ,&HC 3 : POKE
B ,&H3 7 : POKE C,&HC3).
Key: The screen is drawn in hori­
zontal rows of 32 bytes (256 bits) in
increments l bit high and 8 bits (l
byte) l o n g . The VDG reads straight
through t h e graphics memory and
d raws each line as it goes.
Printer Format
The p r i n ter also draws in rows
across the paper, but it draws seven
v e r t i c a l d o t s at a t i m e . I t reads
t h r o u g h m e m o r y ( b u i l t into t he
printer itself) and prints stacks of dots
across the page. I n order to convert
from TV to printer, it's necessary to
collect l bit at a time from up to 7
bytes located one above the other on
the screen. Recall locations A , B, and
C from the last practice exercise. They
were 32 bytes apart but were displayed
as a vertical stack.
Thi s program i s available on ou r Jns<anl CoCo cas.cue.
.
. .
c••.. 1 hc I n-stanl CoCo ad eIscwherc m thJ.S is.sue..,,.
006F
ADO2
00100
00110
OEOO
00120
2600
00130
00140
OOlSO
*SCREEN
SCREND
00160
*CONVERT S C R E E N T O LP FORMAT
START
PSHS A , B , X , 'i , U
SET ij
L O A i48
3EOO
3 EO 0
34
76
00170
3 EO 2
86
30
0 0 18 0
3E04
3E07
B7
)fB4
C6
3E09
07
30
FE
6f
00190
00200
) EOB
3EOF
)Ell
81
Follow the program listing as you
read the next part . Define character
out ( C H R O UT) to p r i n ter, device
number (DEVNUM) ( O = TV, - 1 =
Tape,
2 = Printer), SCREEN, and
screen end (SCREND ) . Select t h e
value for SCREEN needed for disk o r
tape systems.
Push the registers onto stack S to
make a smooth return to Basic. Set a
counter for the number of lines on the
screen and send two control codes to
the printer. The first i s 3 1 , w h i c h
shifts i t to t h e double-width mode .
T h e second i s 1 8 , w h i c h s e t s t h e
graphics mode.
Beginning with the first byte of the
graph i cs memory (call it ST ART),
take a byte and shift 1 bit left to the
carry flag. Rotate the carry flag into
storage (call it STORE). Put the byte
back into memory until 4 bits have
been shifte d . This approach reads
only 4 vertical bytes at a time and in­
serts a zero between each new bit. The
extra spaces and double-width mode
permits a larger printou t. Jump 3 2
bytes to get the first b i t from the next
byte down and do it again.
When STORE has 4 bits and three
spaces, complement it. This changes
all ones to zeros and all zeros to ones.
Omit t h i s command for a photo­
graphic negative effect . Set the high­
order bit to alert the printer that it's
graphic data. AND the register with
-
00220
00230
00240
LPl
27
AD
20
9F A002
00260
)El9
00270
)ElB
8E
f4
0 EOO
00280
BLDLIN
)ElE
3E20
34
))
108E
C6
10
80 008F
0008
04
00290
00300
00310
00320
NXTLIN
LP2
LP)
) E AB
00330
00340
LP4
3E24
3E28
)E2A 7P
Reformatting Data
00210
0090
3E2D A6
3E2f 48
3 E 3 0 76
)E)) 74
)E)6
A7
3E38
30
SA
)E)B
3E3C
26
) E3E B6
3E41 4 3
) E42 84
00360
) E AB
84
00370
00380
88
00390
00400
20
EF
00410
3 EA B
00420
D I S K SYSTEM
SEOO
$600
NON - D I S K
S C R E E N+ $ 1 8 0 0
EQU
EQU
ORG
$ 3 E00
BLnLIN
LPX I SCREEN
PSHS X
L E AU P R T B U F , P C R
LOY 1 8
LOB
CLR
I4
STORE
LOA
,X
STA
LEAX
00440
LOA STORE
COMA
ANDA I S DS
RE-GET
DS
TEST F O R
A D J O I N ING
SET BITS ,
AND r I LL IN
00430
3E46
27
8S
27
06
3E48
3E4A
10
00460
00470
00480
3 E4C
8A
oc
BEQ L P S
B !TA R S 10
B E Q LP6
20
00490
3E4E
8S
10
oosoo LPS
3ES8
)ESA
)ESC
)ESE
8S
27
) E 6 0 8A
)E62 A7
3E64
)E68
3E6A
3E6C
3E6E
)E70
3E72
3E74
06
04
oc
08
04
06
S E T S ECOND
SET T H I R D S P A C E
LP7
STA
00600
00610
10
10
00620
00630
10
)F
B6
00640
006SO
10
01
00660
00670
00680
)E76
10
00690
3 E78
20
AA
00700
08710
3E7A
31
A6
80
AO
) E88
)E8A
3 E8C
3E8F
3E91
3 E9)
3E97
30
34
86
AD
7A
)E9A 27
3E9C 20
)E9E JS
)EAO 86
88
10
61
OA
9F
A002
* P R I NT
PRTLIN
LP8
007SO
00810
)EBl
) EB )
0000
6F
76
1Fl2
FF
lBlO
00830
00840
00870
00880
00890
00900
00910
00920
00930
00940
009SO
00960
00970
00980
)FB)
3FB4
3EOO
TOTAL E R RO R S
00990
READY
LX
X
N E XT
LINE
BRA LP2
ONE L I N E
LEAY
LOA
JSR
P RTVA L , PC R
G ET A B Y T E
, Y+
[ C HROUT ]
S END TO P R I NT E R
PULS
X
LEAX
PSHS
S61,X
X
NEXT
COLUMN
S EN D C R / L F
LOA ! S O A
J S R [ CHROUT]
D E C LNCT
BEQ E XIT
008SO EXIT
00860
A002
DEC B I T COUNTER
X
CMPY I BU F E N D
BLO LP8
00760
08770
00780
00790
08800
10
lE
S PA C E
, u+
CMPU I BUFEND
B G E PRTLIN
PULS
LEAX
PSHS
00820
9F
00000
00720
00730
00740
LP6
PULS X
PSHS X
LEAY - 1 , Y
BNE L P )
)FB4
02
82
AD
) EA6 O F
3 EA 8 ) S
) EA f\ 3 9
) EA B
) EAC
)EAE
)EAF
)EA2
SPACE
B I TA
1$04
BE Q LP7
BITA 1 1
B EQ L P 7
ORA 1 $ 2
OOS80
OOS90
9F A002
1 0 8 C ) FB )
2S
F4
10
)S
F I RST
LP6
OOS70
AD
SET
BEQ
OOS60
0031
ORA I $ 2 0
BITA 1 $ 1 0
B/W
B lTA 1 $ 0 4
BEQ LP7
ORA i S 0 8
)S
30
34
3E7E
3E80
3E84
#$40
SPACES
08Sl0
oosso
01
02
02
TEMP
REVERSE
CLEAR
OOS20
OOS30
OOS40
co
1 1 8 3 ) f"B )
2C
JS
34
31
26
THEN D 0 NEXT
) 2' x
B I TA
3ES6
REPLACE
,x
004SO
27
COLUMNS
ROWS
TO T E M P .
PUT A SPACE
DECB
B NE LP4
40
8S
27
8A
8S
27
8
4
GET A B Y T E
TllEN l BIT
LSLA
ROR STORE
L S H STORE
8S
)ES2
3ES4
LINES
SCREEN
[ C HROUT ]
BRA LPl
3E44
3 ES 0
PER
L E A X SETVAL , P CR SET P R IN T E R FOR
LOA , X +
GRAPH ICS MODE
#SFF
BEQ
JSR
003SO
) EA B
$6f
SA002
EQU
lnst}t' t
_ _ COLO_
CMPA
002SO
84
EQU
EQU
S T A LNCT
r, DB 1 - 2
STB D E V N U M
FF
06
3El3
)ELS
Key: The printer produces lines that
consist of 256 (or more) increments
seven dots high and one dot wide.
80
80
A6
DEVNUM
C H ROUT
S C R EEN
a::�
BRA NXTLIN
STORE
S E T V f\ L
PULS
X
LDA I S L E
J S R [ C HROUT ]
CLR DEVNUM
PULS U , Y , X , B , A
RTS
RMB l
FnB
S 1 F l2
FCB
FOB
$Ff
PRTVAL
PRTBUF
BUFEND
FOB
RMB
RMB
so
LNCT
RMB
END
R E - S ET
P R I NT E R
R E -SET
SCREEN
S lBlO
$100
l
l
START
Program Listing / . Screen Dump, Assembly Version
February 1985
HOT CoCo
41
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DRIVE 0 FO R R A D IO S H ACK COLOR COM PUTER
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ORDER TO LL F REE
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1 -800- 635-0300
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H OU R S MON - S A T 9 - 6 ( EST l
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Circle Reader Service card #93
42
HOT CoCo
F�bruary 1985
&HD5 to reclear the spaces. The series
of BIT tests checks to see if any spaces
can be filled in to avoid a striped look
in the final print. The program loops
until one full line has been saved in
the print buffer (PRTBUF) . Each line
is h e a d e d by t h e c o n t r o l c o d e s
27, 1 6,0, and 0 t o tell the printer t o be­
gin at the left margin. Change the sec­
ond zero to move the printing to the
right on the page. When all printing is
completed, exit by restoring the orig­
inal registers from the stack . Send
control code 30 to return the printer
to text mode and RTS.
Assemble the source code using
"A/IM/ AO/WE" ("WE" to check
for errors). Save the program with the
appropriate format for tape (CSAYEM
"SCRNDUMP" ,&H3EOO,&H3EB3,&
H3EOO) or disk (SAVEM"SCRNDUMP/
BIN" ,&H3EOO,&H3EB3,&H3EOO).
Next, type CLEAR 200,&H3DFF to
keep Basic out of Screen Dump. Basic
defaults to PCLEAR 4, which keeps it
above the graphics pages .
LOADM "TITLE/B I N " (or
CLOADM ' 'T I T LE' ' ) and then
LOADM"SCRN DUMP/BI N" (or
CLOADM"SCRNDUMP"). To watch
t h e process occur, t ype P M O D E 4 ,
I :SCREEN I ,1 :EXEC&H3EOO. You 'II
be able to see each line turn dark as it's
stripped from the screen and reformatted
for the printer. The text screen will reap­
pear when printing is complete.
Using Basic
If you don't have an assembler, type
in the Basic listing. You may run it as a
stand-alone screen-dump program or
save it as a machine-language program
as shown above. Now, write Mom and
let her see what great work you have
been doing. •
Using Screen Dump
Save a PMODE 4 , 1 or PMODE 3 , 1
graphics display to disk or tape, using
the following addresses:
A ddress correspondence to R. Ste­
phen Berry, Box 5396, Jacksonville,
FL 32207.
Tape-&H600 ,&H I DFF,O
Program Listing 2. Screen Dump,
Basic Version
Disk-&HEOO,&H25FF,O
l )l C L E A R 2 )l )l , & H 3 D F F
2 )! F O R X = & H 3 E )l )l T O & H 3 E B 3
3 )! R E A D A
4 )! P O K E X , A
5 )l N E X T X
6 )! E X E C & H 3 E)l)l
7)! END
8)! DATA 5 2 , 1 1 8 , 1 3 4 , 4 8 , 1 8 3 , 6
3 , 1 8 )! , 1 9 8 , 2 5 4 , 2 1 5
9 )! DATA 1 1 1 , 4 8 , 1 4 1 , )l , 1 5 7 , 1 6
6, 128 , 129, 255, 39
l )l )l DATA 6 , 1 7 3 , 1 5 9 , 1 6 )! , 2 , 3 2
' 2 4 4 , 1 4 2 , 1 4 , )l
1 1 )! DATA 5 2 , 1 6 , 5 1 , 1 4 1 , )l , 1 4 3
' 1 6 , 1 4 2 , )l , 8
1 2 )! DATA 1 9 8 , 4 , 1 2 7 , 6 2 , 1 7 1 , l
6 6 , 1 3 2 , 72, 118 ' 6 2
1 3 )! DATA 1 7 1 , 1 1 6 , 6 2 , 1 7 1 , 1 6 7 ,
1 3 2 , 4 8 , 1 3 6 , 3 2 , 9 )!
1 4 )! DATA 3 8 , 2 3 9 , 1 8 2 , 6 2 , 1 7 1 ,
67, 1 32, 213, 1 3 3 , 64
1 5 )! DATA 3 9 , 6 , 1 3 3 , 1 6 , 3 9 , 1 2 ,
138 , 32 , 1 3 3 , 1 6
1 6 )l DATA 3 9 , 6 , 1 3 3 , 4 , 3 9 , 1 2 ,
138 , 8 , 1 3 3 , 4
1 7 )! DATA 3 9 , 6 , 1 3 3 , 1 , 3 9 , 2 , 1
3 8 , 2 , 167 , 192
1 8 )l DATA · l 7 , 1 3 1 , 6 3 , 1 7 9 , 4 4 , 1
6 , 53, 16, 52, 16
1 9 )! DATA 4 9 , 6 3 , 3 8 , 1 8 2 , 5 3 , 1 6
' 48, 1 , 52, 16
2 )l )l DATA 3 2 , 1 7 )! , 4 9 , 1 4 1 , )l , 4 9
' 1 6 6 , 1 6 )! , 1 7 3 , 1 5 9
2 1 )! DATA 1 6 )! , 2 , 1 6 , 1 4 )! , 6 3 , 1 7
9, 37 , 244 , 53, 16
2 2 )! DATA 4 8 , 1 3 6 , 9 7 , 5 2 , 1 6 , 1 3
4 , l )l , 1 7 3 , 1 5 9 , 1 6 )!
2 3 )! DATA 2 , 1 2 2 , 6 3 , 1 8 )! , 3 9 , 2 ,
3 2 , 1 3 )! , 5 3 , 1 6
2 4 )! DATA 1 3 4 , 3 )! , 1 7 3 , 1 5 9 , 1 6 )! ,
2 , 15, 1 1 1 , 53 , 118
2 5 )! DATA 5 7 , )l , 3 1 , 1 8 , 2 5 5 , 2 7 ,
1 6 ' )l ' )l , )l
SP-3 INTERFACE for
•
•
•
•
·
•
100
·
Super Scr 1 p 1 · S u b s c r 1 p 1
Underlining
120 - 160 CPS
Bidirectional Logic Seeking
B a c k s p a c i n g Ooub1es1r1ke
Friction anCI Tractor
5 . 6. B 1 1 2. 1 0. 1 2 a n a 11 P i t c h
• 9X9 Dot Matrix
• T r u e Oecenders
• High Res·Bit Image Stock G r a p h i c s
Programmable L m e Spacing
SIX (6) MONTH WARRANTY
GEMINI 1 0X (9 I nc h C a r r i a g e . 1 20 c p s ) F r i c t i o n and T ra c t o r
GEMINI 1 5 ( 1 5 I nc h C a r r i a g e . 1 00 c p s ) F r i c t i o n a n d T ra c t o r
G E M I N I 1 5X ( 1 5 I n c h Carriage. 1 20 c p s ) F ri c t i o n a n d T ra c t o r
D E LTA 1 0 ( 1 0 I nc h C a r r i a g e . 1 60cps) F r i c t i o n a n d T r a c t o r
. SCALL
$CALL
SCALL
$CALL
Color computer
300- 1 9,200 B A U D rates
External to printer - No AC Plugs
Built in mode m / printer switch-no need for
Y-cables or pl ugging/ unplugging cables
O n ly:
$59.95
I
COMPLETE SYSTEM
���c�
�, _, ���
ONLY
I
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litj
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"'> "1
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TR UE DA TA PR O D UC TS
1 95 Linwood
Linwood,
Street,
P . O . Box 546
MassachuseUs
""' See List of Advertisers o n page 89
0 1 525
CALL US TODAY !!
� ORDER TO L L F R EE
-.fUS'4�
Circle Reader Service card # 97
(61 7 ) 234 -7047
1 -800- 635 - 0300
February 1985
HOT CoCo
43
UTILITY
This program is available on our Instant CoCo cassette.
See 1he Instant Coco ad <lsewhere i n this issu•.
BY MIKE MEEHAN
(I:�j)
Co
0
Quick Fix
For \bur ROM
A
Your updated Disk Basic R OM and older
software can speak to each other with this utility.
W
hen you bought your CoCo 2
d i s k - d rive controller, I ' m
sure you didn't expect that many o f
the disk software packages for the
original CoCo would refuse to func­
tion correctly. The following program
attempts to cure this problem by fixing
machine-language disk programs so
they will run on the new controller.
The program is written in Assembly
and requires l 6K Disk Extended Color
Basic J . J . The problem with the new
controller lies in the ROM it uses. The
new ROM contains the same routines
as the old ROM, but the routines have
been scrambled slightly. The fixer pro­
gram simply looks through a machine44
HOT CoCo
February 1985
language program, finds a place in
which a disk routine is called, and re­
places the old address of that routine
with the new address.
To accomplish this, I compiled a
list of all the disk routines, docu­
mented and u ndocu mented , that I
could find and their old and n e w
ROM addresses. I listed these a d ­
dresses under the label TAB L E . I
placed a ( l ) beside the old address for
a routine and followed this with an
address with a (2) beside it. The (2)
represents the address for the equiv­
alent routine in the new ROM.
For example, you can see by looking
at the table that if the program is
searching and finds the command, JSR
$D65B, it would change it to + JSR
$074E.
Unfortunately, this program can' t
a ccount for a l l the prog r a m m i n g
tricks that programmers u s e , such as
storing addresses in tables. Neither
can it account for all the ROM rou­
tines . While I 've made the table as
complete as possible, I ' m sure there
are other routines I haven't discov­
ered. You can add new routines to the
table yourself by inserting them into
the table at the end (just before the
zeros) and reassembling the program.
I n spite of these flaws, the fix pro­
gram works for the large majority o f
programs I ' ve tested it o n . Once as­
sembled, the program is easy to run.
Simply load it and EXEC it. I t asks
you for a file name. I nsert the disk
containing the program you wish to
fix into the disk drive and type the file
name. There's no need to add the ex­
tension because the fixer program au-
tomatically adds " /BIN" to your file
name. You r program is then loaded ,
fixed , and saved to the disk to replace
the old file. You are then prompted
for another file name. You can fix
several programs in a row like this. To
break out, you must turn the com­
puter off and back on.
There are only two rules to follow
while running this program: Never fix
a program twice and never fix the
fixer program itself.
The fixer program was written in
Assembly because an equivalent Basic
program might take several hours to
fix some programs. Also, larger pro­
grams can be fixed with an Assembly
program than with a Basic program.
I wrote the fixer program for the
new controller and it works fine with­
out any changes. Those users with old
controllers should not attempt to run
it because it could ruin the data on the
disk in the drive.
Questions and comments are wel­
come. Please include a self-addressed,
stamped envelope for responses . •
A ddress corresp ondence t o Mike
Meehan, 1300 Fairfield Drive, Clear­
water, FL 33546.
System Requirements
16K RAM
Disk Extended Color Basic 1 . 1
Program Listing. Disk ROM Fix
00100
00110
00120
00130
00140
001 5 0
00160
00170
00180
00190
00200
00210
00220
00230
00240
00250
00260
00270
00280
00290
00300
00310
00320
00330
00340
00350
00360
00370
00380
00390
00400
00410
00420
00430
00440
004SO
00460
00470
00480
00490
00500
00510
00520
OOS30
00540
oosso
00560
OOS70
OOS80
OOS90
00600
00610
00620
00630
00640
00650
00660
00670
00680
00690
00700
00710
00720
00730
00740
00750
00760
00770
00780
00790
00800
00810
00820
00830
00840
OOISO
00860
00870
00880
00890
00900
00910
00920
00930
00940
00950
00960
00970
00980
00990
01000
01010
01020
01030
01040
01050
01060
01070
01080
*************************
HHCCC02 DISK ROI FIX**'
* * * **BY: MIKE MEEHAN ****
* * * * **COP'x'RIGrrr 1984 *****
'O)UJR !ORIZOOS SOF'IWARE*
*************************
ORG
TABLE
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOO
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOO
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOO
FOB
FOO
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
rna
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOO
FDB
FOO
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FOO
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOO
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOO
FDB
FOO
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
$EXlO
$06SB
$D74E
$0146
$0233
$041\B
$DS99
$0175
$0262
$D2IT
$D3B9
$D3FF
$D4ED
$D474
$DS62
$066C
$D75F
$06CS
$D7B8
$C468
$C48D
$C6C5
$C6F2
$C8A4
$C9S2
$CA3B
$CAE9
$CA5 3
$CB01
$CI:8C
$CF68
$CEE5
$CfCl
$D20E
$D2FB
$DlE5
$D2D2
$C201
$C219
$CDlA
$CDF4
s=
$CI:9C
$CD36
$CI:l0
$CDSB
$CI:37
$CD28
$CE02
$CBCF
$a:A9
$CDE9
$COCS
$CF'EO
$00BC
$0080
$DlSC
SC99A
SCA48
S0026
$Dl02
S0025
SDlOl
$C98B
$CA39
$CF3F
$001B
$C932
$C9EO
$CT8A
$0066
$06DE
$D7Dl
$06FD
$D7FO
$D70S
$D7F8
$D7A2
$089S
$0600
$D700
SD708
$D7FB
$D7AA
$089D
$D7AE
$D8Al
$D7BC
$08AF
$CEA2
$CF7E
$CF07
$CFE3
I 1 ) ADDRESS
12) �
I l) TABLE
(2)
I1)
12)
11)
I 2)
11)
12)
Il)
12 )
11)
I 2)
Ill
(2)
11)
12)
(1)
(2)
11)
I2)
(l)
I 2)
Ill
12)
I1)
I2l
Ill
(2)
I1)
I2l
11)
(2)
I1)
(2)
11)
12 )
Ill
12)
11)
12)
(1)
12 )
11)
12 )
11)
I 2)
I1)
(2)
Ill
12 )
Ill
12 )
I11
12 )
11)
12 )
Ill
12)
I11
I 2)
Ill
12 )
Ill
12)
(l)
12 )
Ill
12)
I1)
(2)
11)
(2)
Ill
(2)
Ill
12)
Ill
I 2)
I1)
I 2)
11)
12 )
Ill
12 )
Il)
12)
Ill
12 )
Ill
12 )
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
01090
01100
01110
0 1 1 20
01130
0 1 140
0 1 lSO
0 1 1 60
01170
0 1180
0 1 1 90
01200
01210
01220
01230
01240
012SO
01260
01270
01280
01290
0 1 30 0
01310
01320
01330
01340
01350
01360
01370
01380
0 1 390
01400
01410
01420
01430
01440
014SO
01460
01470
01480
01490
OlSOO
OlSlO
01S20
0 1 S30
01S40
01550
01560
01570
0 1 580
01S90
01600
01610
01620
01630
01640
01650
01660
01670
01680
01690
01700
01710
01720
01730
01740
01750
01760
01770
01780
01790
01800
01810
01820
01830
01840
018SO
01860
01870
01880
01890
01900
01910
01920
01930
01940
01950
01960
01970
01980
01990
02000
02010
02020
02030
02040
02050
02060
02070
FDB
FDB
FOB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FOO
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FOB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
FDB
BIN
STAR'r
FIT
LDX
Lffi
UXJPl
UXJP2
STA
OIPX
B NE
LBSR
LDB
LDX
IBSR
LOX
STX
JSR
QIPA
B EXl
CW'A
B EXl
CMPA
BEX)
CW'X
BEJ;)
$CBD8
$0CB2
$C9S6
$CA04
$CB52
$IT24
$C297
$C2AF
$D5FF
$06F2
$D23B
$0328
$020'
$D3BC
$C959
$CA07
$ITE2
$CDBC
$CF37
$ 00 1 3
$C597
$C5C4
$C6C2
$C6EF
$C626
$C6S3
$C334
$C3S2
$C65F
$C68C
$C719
$C744
$CI:02
Ill
12 )
Ill
12 )
Ill
(2)
Ill
I 2)
I1)
I 2)
Ill
12 )
Ill
(2)
Ill
12)
I11
I2)
(1)
I 2)
Ill
(2)
I1)
12 )
I1)
$CE'J)E
(2)
(1)
(2)
(l)
$CEE9
$CFCS
$CBE9
$ITC3
$C618
$C645
$C601
$C62E
$06FF
$D7F2
$C714
$C744
$CCBE
$CD98
$IT4F
$CD29
$ITF6
$CDOO
$IT7F
$CD59
sa:a:
$CDA6
$ITCC
$CDB6
$IT35
$CDOF
$ITB6
$CD90
$IT86
$CD60
$IT8E
$CD68
$IT10
$a:EA
$C608
$C63S
$D547
$0634
$DSA7
$0694
$COD2
$COE5
$00
$00
"BIN"
IEND
1232
12)
I1)
(2)
11I
12)
11)
12)
(l)
12)
Ill
(2 )
11)
(2)
Ill
12)
(1)
12 )
(1)
12 )
I1)
12 )
11)
12 )
I1)
12 )
(1)
12)
(l)
12)
I 1)
I2)
Ill
I 2)
11)
12 )
Ill
I 2)
I1)
(2)
11)
I 2)
Ill
(2)
Il)
(2)
Ill
(2)
Ill
(2)
STAR'r PRCGRAM
,X+
#$8000
LCOPl
SEI'IJP
11
!FI
PRINr
#$50B
$88
$Al Bl
i$0D
LCOP6
!$8
LCOP4
1$15
LOOPS
1$513
LOOP2
ASK PR(X;RNI
NAME
02080
02090
02100
02110
02120
02130
02140
021SO
02160
02170
02180
02190
02200
02210
02220
02230
02240
022SO
02260
02270
02280
02290
02300
02310
02320
02330
02340
023SO
02360
02370
02380
02390
02400
02410
02420
02430
02440
02450
02460
02470
02480
02490
02500
02Sl0
02S20
02530
02540
02550
02S60
02570
02580
02S90
02600
02610
02620
02630
02640
02650
02660
02670
02680
02690
02700
02710
02720
02730
02740
027SO
02760
02770
02780
02790
02800
02810
02820
02830
02840
028SO
02860
02870
02880
CMPA
BLO
LCOP3
SUBA
f>I'A
LCOP4
BRA
LDA
CMPX
BEX)
f>I'A
LFAX
BRA
L.CJOPS
LDA
Q1PX
BEX)
LCOP6
STA
LFAX
BRA
l.JlO.
f>I'A
LDX
LOY
LCOP7
LCOP8
#$20
,x
#$1A
, Y+
BHS
ADDA
STA
DECB
B NE
LCOP8
PSHS
x
SE:'l'UP
#$40
, x+
LCOP7
LBSR
#1
#LO
PRil'll'
PUIS
x
LCOP9
LD'i
LOOPlO
I.DA
I.DB
SI'B
D ECA
B NE
IDA
LDX
STX
I.DX
STX
IDB
STB
JSR
UlO
SUBD
STD
LDD
STD
JSR
LBS R
LOB
LOX
LBSR
LOX
l.JlO.
CMPA
BNE
CMPX
BHS
Lll'I
CMPA
BNE
LOA
CMPA
BNE
Lll'I
CMPA
BNE
LOA
CMPA
BNE
, Y+
,x+
LOOP lO
#$49
i $ 1 FF
$9S7
#$100
$97C
#1
$ 6 1'
$C48D
#END
$AA6
$03
$AA6
BADO
$CFE3
S£11JP
#l
#FIXX
Pl1INr
#END
, X+
#232
LCOP ll
#$7FFO
LCOP 12
l,X
#232
LCOPll
2,X
#232
LCOPll
3,X
#232
LCOPll
4,X
#232
LCOPll
STX
EADD
#END-1
D ,Y
LOX
LEAY
OIPY
BEQ
I.00
#TABLE
l,y
,y
OIPA
, X++
LCOP16
-1,Y
#$8E
BEXl
LCOPl5
OIPA
BEX)
CMPA
BNE
LOO
STD
B RA
Ra!l'INE TO
F!X PRCGR.l>.M
IN MEMJRY
EADD
LCOP17
BNE
LOA
CMPD
WAD PRCXiAAM
#BIN
#3
UlO
Tm
02890
02900
02910
02920 HXJP14
02930
02940
029SO
02960
02970
02980
02990
03000
03010
03020 LCOPl5
03030
03040
LCOPS
!DA
CMPA
LDX
UXJP13
,x
-1,x
�$94C
#$50B
#8
LOB
UXJP12
FIX
, X+
LCOP2
#$20
#$50B
LCOP2
,X
-1,X
LCOP2
#$20
#$50B
LCOP2
LOB
LBSR
LCOPl l
#$40
LCOP3
#$40
#$7E
LCOPl5
# $BD
LCOP16
,x
,y
LCOP13
listing cominued
February 1985
HOT CoCo
45
Circle Reader Service card 11216 on page 97.
TRS-80 + MOD I, Ill, COCO, Tl99/4a
TIMEX 1000 , OSBORNE, others
Urting continued
GOLD PLUG 80
-
E l i m i n at e d i s k reboots and d ata loss d u e to oxi­
d ized contacts at the card edge con n ectors.
GOLD PLUG 80 solders to t h e board edge con n ec­
tor. Use you r exist i n g c a b l es (if g o l d p l ated ) .
11111111ili11111,1 111
COCO
G ro u n d
tab
exte nsion
.te\
Disk Module (2)
$1 6.95
INCL
Ground tab extensions
Disk Drives (al l R.S.)
$7.95
� :-.,,
C}� �
Gold Disk C a le 2 Drive
29.95
e;,q«;�v
39.95
Four Drive Cable
q
USA shipping $ 1 _45
Can/Mex $4 ,
Foreign $7 .
Don't wait any longer
TEXAS 5 % TAX
b
Available at your favorite dealer or order direct from
E.A.P. CO.
P.O. BOX 1 4
-
V/54
-
KELLER, TEXAS 76248
(8 1 7) 498-4242
MC/VISA
+
trademark Tandy Corp
OS-9 * SO FTWARE
SOISK-Standard d i s k d river mod u l e. A l lows the use of 40 or 80 trk
s i n g l e/do u b le-sided d rives with coco OS-9, plus you gain the ab i l ity to
read/wri te/format t h e standard OS-9 d i sk formats used on other OS-9
syste ms.-$29.95
S D I S K + BOOTFIX - To create BOOTA B LE d o u b l e sided d isks.-$35.95
Filter Kit #1 - Perform " w i l d card" d i rectory l i sts, copies, etc.-$29.95
Filter Kit #2-Macgen and 9 other programs-$29.95
Hacker's Kit # 1 - D i sassem b l e r and m e m o ry d u m p/load u t i l i t i e s -$24.95
Terms: Prepaid by check, MO, VISA, Mastercard, or COD. Add $1 S&H, COD
add $3, Send SASE fo r c u rrent catalog.
D.P. Johnson 7655 SW Cedarcrest St., Portland, O R 97223
(503) 244-8152 (we a p p re c i ate you r cal l i n g only 9·11 am PST)
"OS-9 Is a trademark of MICROWARE and MOrOROLA, INC.
ATTENTION
FOREIGN COMPUTER
STORES/MAGAZINE DEALERS
You have a large technical audience that speaks E nglish and is in need of the
kind of microcomputer information that CW Communications/Peterborough
provides.
Provide your audience with the magazines they need and make money at the
same time. For details on selling 80 Micro, inCider, HOI CoCo, and RUN,
contact.
SANDRA JOSEPH WORLD WIDE MEDIA
386 PARK AVE . SOUTH NEW YOR K , N . Y . 10016
PHONE-(212) 686-1 520 TELEX-620430
46
HOT CoCo
February 1985
03050 ILOP16
03060
03070
03080
03090
03100 ILOP17
03110
03120
03130
03140 SAVE
03150
03160
03170
03180
03190
03200
03210
03220
03230
03240
03250
03260
03270
0 3 2 8 0 ILOP18
03290
03300
03310
03320
03330
03340
03350 ILOP19
03360 ILOP20
03370
03380
03390
03400
03410
03420
03430
03440
03450
03460
03470
03480
03490
03500
03510 LOJP21
03520 ILOP22
03530
03540
03550 SEl'UP
03560
03570 ILOP23
03580
03590
03600
03610
03620
03630
03640 PRWI'
03650 ILOP24
03660
03670
03680
03690
03700 ILOP25
03710
03720 ILOP26
03730
03740
03750 TITLE
03760
03770
03700
03790
03800
03810
03820
03830
03840
03850
03860
03870 FI
03880
03890
03900 W
03910
03920
03930 SA
03940
03950
03960 FDOC
03970
03980
03990 Bl\DD
04000
04010 EADD
04020
04030 Etv
04040
LEAX
LilA
CMPA
BB;!
BRA
BSR
LDB
mx
BSR
LEAS
LDX
I.FAX
STX
LDX
STX
LDD
SUBD
ADDO
STD
LDX
STX
JSR
CI.RA
BSR
LDD
SUBD
TFR
BSR
LOO
BSR
mx
Lill\
JSR
LFAY
BNE
LilA
BSR
CIRA
2,X
,x
#00
ILOP13
ILOP14
SEl'UP
#1
#SA
PRINr
-6,S
EADD
-1,X
2,S
IEND
4,S
157
#END
BADO
O,S
1$200
$957
SCA04
SAVE FIXED
PR<XiRAM
ILOP22
2,S
4,S
D ,Y
ILOP21
BADO
ILOP21
•=
, x+
SCC24
-1 ,Y
ILOP20
#SFF
ILOP2 2
CLRB
BSR
PUIS
BSR
CIRA
C!..'18
JSR
JMP
BSR
JSR
EXG
RT5
LDX
LilA
STA
CMPX
BNE
IDA
STA
LDB
LDX
LDY
LilA
B1'i:l
CMPA
BL()
SUBA
STA
BRA
DEI:B
ILOP21
A ,B,X, Y
ILOP21
SA4 2D
START
ILOP22
$CC24
A,B
#$400
#$20
, x+
#$601
ILOP23
#8
$FF22
#4
#Tfi'LE
,X++
, X+
ILOP26
#$40
ILOP25
1$40
, Y+
ILOP24
CLEAR
SO<EEN
CHAN::iE TO
DARK SCREEN
PRINr TITLE
PRINr 00
Sau:EN Ql\TA
STORED AT X
I NllERT l.EITm
AN'.YlliIB LINE?
LINE?
BNE
PRINr
FOB
FCX:
$407
DPlrA FOR TITLE
/=2 DISK RCM FIX/
FDB
$428
RT5
FCB
FCC
FCB
soo
/BY: MIKE MEEHAN/
soo
FOB
$449
/CllPYIUGHT 1984/
FOB
$464
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End
HARD DISK
s meg S1295
128 K - RAM CARD
for the CO CO
10 meg S1595
----------- COMPLETE SYSTEM ----------- J UST PLUG IN -----------
I N CREASE YOUR
1 28
K RAM
0 FITS COMPLETELY I N S I D E YOUR COMPUTER.
OF MEMORY.
• FULLY INTEGRATED INTO COLOR DISK BASIC
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BANKS OF RAM IN A N D OUT
0 B A N KS CAN B E MA PPED IN THE U PPER H A LF OR
• TAPE TO HARD DISK
LOWER HALF, OR CAN A LSO BE A SECOND COMPLETE
K BANK.
• D ISK TO HARD DISK
64
• HARD DISK TO TAPE
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0 SWITCH TABLES I NCLUDED.
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• COLD START
0 SIMPLE I N STALLATION A N D DOCUMENTATI O N .
• M- R U N
0 A M U ST F O R OS- 9 USERS.
• ALL EXTE NDED D I S K BASIC COMMANDS
...
INTERFA CE CARD & H-DOS
PERI PHERA L
K Co - co OR Co - Co I I TO
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HARD DISK . OPERA TING S YSTEM features
without hard drive
64
operating system only
$425.00
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$ 1 2 9.00
BOOT STRAPS OS- 9 OR F LEX, M O I R (master d i recto ry!
TANDON DISK DRI VES
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tJO rrack 6 ms rrk-crl<
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DC
l
i;
S u pe r Sa l e o n N ew Disk D rives
Distributor for . SOFTWAllE SUPPDllT. INC. Framingham. MA.
CANADA
USA
RGS MICRO I N C .
RGS M ICRO I NC.
7 5 9 , VICTORIA SQUARE 405
MONTREAL
H2Y 2J3
MAIN STREET
DERBY LINE. VERMONT
ZIP 05830
TEL: 802-873-3386
ORDER LINE 800-361-4970
TE L . :! 5 1 4) 287-1 563
ORDER LINE O NLY * * *
Q U E BEC - ONTARIO - MARITIMES
800-361-5338
WESTERN CANADA 800-361-5155
TERMS: VISA - MASTER CARD - A M E R ICAN EXPRESS
.,.. See List of Advertisers on page 89
HOURS: MONDAY - SATURDAY 1 0:00 A M - 6:00 P M
Circle Reader Service card # 1 85
February 1985
HOT CoCo
47
by the HOT CoCo Staff
T
o some people, owning a Color
Computer is a learning experience.
For others it is a form of recreation. Still
others use CoCos in business or a profes­
sion. All these people can benefit from
being members of a user's group.
The term " user's group" is really
computerese for "computer club". In
fact, many organizations call themselves
c l u b s . A l l t h e o rganizations h ere,
though, have the same goal regardless of
what they call themselves: They want to
help you get the most out of your Color
Computer.
Many offer programming classes or
make available libraries of public-do­
main software to members. Others have
arrangements w i t h vendors for dis­
counts on commercial s o ftware and
hardware. And you can always get ad­
vice on where to get the best deal on a
printer, or an opinion on which word
processor is best.
Meeting regularly with people who
areas enthusiastic about their computers
as you are with yours is also just plain
fun. Some clubs plan social events in ad­
dition to regular meetings, which makes
for some closely knit groups.
Ideas, advice, discounts on software,
and fun-this is what user's groups are
all about. And this list will help you find
one close to you.
About the List
Our user's group list is organized by
state and country. We have used stand­
ard two-letter abbreviations for each
state, but we assigned arbitrary abbre­
viations for several countries. Table 1 ex48
HOT CoCo
February 1985
plains all the abbreviations used in this list.
We have divided this list into two
parts : those exclusively for Color Com­
puterusersand thosethat accept users of
CoCos and other makes of computers as
well. We have further divided each part
according to whether or not dues are
charged. Generally, a club that charges
dues is able to offer more to its members,
usually in the form of a newsletter that
not only informs members of club activ­
ities, but might also include type-in pro­
gram listings or reviews of software and
hardware.
HOT CoCo Club Rate
Another bonus to belonging to a
user's group is that HOT CoCo offers a
special rate to group member s . The
standard club rate is $21 .97 for a year's
subscription-a $3 savings. Higher dis-
AL Alabama
AU Australia
AZ Arizona
CA California
C D Canada
CO Colorado
CT Connecticut
FL Florida
GA Georgia
HI Hawaii
HO Holland
IA Iowa
IL Illinois
IN Indiana
counts are available for large orders. In­
terested club members should write to
Debbie Walsh, Circulation Department,
HOT CoCo, 80 Pine St., Peterborough,
NH 03458 for club-rate subscription
cards or more information on the large­
order discounts.
New Clubs and Updates
We have made every effort to provide
an up-to-date list. However, clubs often
change mailing addresses and phone
numbers with a change o f o fficers, and
new clubs are being formed every day.
We announce these changes and addi­
tions regularly in the Clubs section of
HOT CoCo's Letters to the Editor col­
umn. If your club listing is incorrect or you
want to announce a club not listed here,
drop us a line. We would be happy to pub­
lish it in the next available issue.•
KS Kansas
KY Kentucky
LA Louisiana
MA Massachusetts
MD Maryland
MI Michigan
MO Missouri
MX Mexico
NC Noth Carolina
ND North Dakota
NJ New Jersey
N M New Mexico
NY New York
O H O hio
O K Oklahoma
OR Oregon
PA Pennsylvania
RI Rhode Island
SC South Carolina
TN Tennessee
TX Texas
UG User's Group
UK U nited Kingdom
UT Utah
VA Virginia
WA Washington
W I Wisconsin
WV West Virginia
Table J. Abbreviations Used in the User's Group List
CoCo-Only Groups - Dues Charged
Group Name
S1ate or Country
AL
AU
AU
AU
H u n t s v i l l e C o l o r - 80 U se r ' s G r o u p
Bl a c k town C i t y C o l o u r Comp u t e r UG
1 0 1 1 1 Ve r s a i l l e s
27 Alford S t .
B r i s bane N o r t h U s e r ' s G r o u p
T h e C o l o r Comp u t e r C l u b
Ph e o n i x C o l o r Compu t e r C l u b
64 N ob l e S t . C l a y f i e l d
3 Daisy St.
6 6 1 9 w e s t P a l o Ve r d e Av e .
6857 A Lightning C i r .
Ruytenbu rgste r 7 4
2 2 2 7 C a n y o n Road
CA
T u c s o n C o l o r Compu t e r C l u b
H C C T R S - 8 0 CoCo
C o l o r Ame r i c a
S i l i c o n V a l l e y C o l o r Comp u t e r C l ub
L . A . W i l s h i r e C o l o r Com p u t e r UG
C i t r u s C o l o r Comp u t e r C l u b
CD
Va n c o u v e r
AZ
AZ
BE
CA
CA
CA
CD
T o r o n t o Colo u r
CD
H a l i f a x - Da r t m o u t h Coco
Cal g a r y C o l o r Comp u t e r
CD
Sas k a t o o n
co
FL
FL
Co l o r a d o C o l o r Compu t e r
The C o l o r Compu t e r C l u b
Jacksonv i l l e Color
FL
Dade
FL
A l a c h u a C o u n t y C o l o r Compu t e r U G
C o c o C h i p s C o l o r Comp u t e r C l u b
C o l o r Compu t e r C l u b
....
-=
I s l and C o c o C l ub
Computer Moncton
Color
Color
UG
( C OCOMUG)
Compu t e r
Compu t e r
User ' s
Pe o r i a C o l o r
Coco C u p s
Club
C l ub
C l ub
of S a r a s o t a
Comp u t e r
Club
Group
Compu t e r
Club
C o * C o *M * U * G
Topeka Color Compu t e r Use r ' s
The Co l o r Compu t e r C l u b
The
THE
R a d c l i f f Co l o r
LOCO-COCO
C a j u n Coco
NECCUG
MA
6 80 9 ' e r s
MA
flA
Greater
Compu t e r
Group
C l ub
Super C o l o r
UG
Color C . H . I . P . S .
P e t o s k e y A r e a CC
Club
Tw i n
MO
CoCoNu ts
ND
NJ
E l i t e S o f twa r e U s e r ' s G r o u p
Ga r d e n S t a t e C o l o r Compu t e r UG
NM Comp u t e r S o c . Spcl I n t . CC UG
NY
NY
NY
OH
OH
OH
PA
PA
RI
SC
SC
TN
B r o ome
Co l o r
( PAC 3 )
Compu t e r
UG
Coco C l u b
Loc a l C o c o
Coco Ph i l e
Soc i e t y
of
C o l o r Compu t e r C l u b
Col u m b u s a n d C e n t r a l
Syracuse
Oh i o C o c o C l ub
Rad i o S h a c k Col o r Compu t e r UG
Penn - J e r s e y Col o r Comp u t e r C l u b
6 80 9 ' s Compu t e r C l u b
N e w En g l a n d C o co n u t s
Metropo l i tan G r e e n v i l l e C o C o C l u b
I n v i t a t i o n a l S o f twa r e G r o u p
Memp h i s C o c o U s e r s
TN
TX
Memph i s C o l o r Comp u t e r U s e r ' � G r o u p
C o l o r Ba s i c Us e r ' s G r o u p ( C OUG )
TX
VA
VA
w i za r d ' s
Northe r n
Comp u t e r
VA C o l o r
R i chmond
Color
Club
Comp u t e r
Com p u t e r
UG
Club
3rd
Zip
Members
Phone Number
Contact Person
H u n t sv i l l e
B l a c ktown ,
3 5 803
214 8
25
30
2 0 5 - 8 8 2 - 2 4 85
02626 9936
4011
R a n d y N i em a n n
K e i th G a l lag h e r
20
0 7-262-886 9
Jack
Bl
48
95
50
75
0 52-21-4 749
6 0 2-93 9-5666
6 02-790-4353
L i o n e l Cowley
!H k e H u f f m a n
B r i sbane ,
N S l·I
Qld
Pl.
Av e .
Sunnyvale
L o s A ng e l es
San Bernard i n o
91006
940 8 8
90057
924 1 2
98
20
2 1 3 - 3 8 9- 3 3 3 4
12
7 1 4 - 8 8 7-97 94
60
80
2 5 5 - 4 0 93
R o n n O ' Co n n e r
P e t e r K a r w ow s k i
2Bl
50
3 0 6 - 9 4 9-3 9 4 2
G eo r g e G l a s s
N.S.
M4L
B2Y
1K5
3Y9
40
50
90 2 - 4 6 9- 3 6 56
Calg a r y , Albert
N i a g a r a f l s . On t
Port Hardy, BC
T lY
L2G
V0N
4 S7
7J3
2P0
Monct o n ,
ElE
Da r tmou t h ,
3C4
Lond o n , O n t a r i o
S t r e e t s v i l l e , ON
N6K l R l
L 5 M 2 Il 8
74
26
Box
S a s k a t oon ,
S7K 3J5
80233
3 3 582
32216
33
33173
3 26 1 5
33540
93
37
25
52240
61548
62922
8
28
42
46952
66614
21
146 ,
R.R.
2
Box 3 4 92
Bee R i d g e R o a d
H i r s c h Av e .
P . 0 . B o x 6 5 1 3 85
R t . 2 , Box 5 3 0
3635
North
2224
Hope
300
East
C / O R ivco 1 2 0 5 N .
2 87 H i g h l a n d D r .
3 1 4 1 D o r e en Ylay
K a r en
6
2,
Bou l d e r
Mos l e y
St.
Box
G r ochma l
261
Ave.
# 90
Drive
4 3 F o x H i l l Road
310 S . J e f f e r son
586
Eastr idge
670
Liegl
St.
Drive
3001
K y l e Av e .
1610
N.
N.
Ma r l i n
Box 6 83
5 N o r t h 2 0 t h Av e .
1 4 6 Wisconsin S E
5 7 front
P . O . Box
5 856 Ira
P . O . Box
NB
Sask
Northg lenn
S a rasota
J acks onv i l l e
Miami
Alachua
6 B e l l e Meade C i r c l e
3 2 5 N o r t h Dubuque
3 8 La Kemp e r D r i v e
RRT . 2
St.
901
Dixon
47 8
Road
1 9 E . N . B r oadway
5 2 7 Malvern Drive
P . O . £l o x 2 7 4 2
1 1 4 K e n n e th D r i v e
38 Cooke S t .
P . O . £l o x 6
Drive
La r g o
I owa C i t y
M e t a iu o r a
C r e a l Sp r i n g s
Ma r i o n
Top e k a
lvi c h i t a
67214
Radc l i f f
Lou i s v i l l e
New I b e r i a
40106
40220
7 0 5 60
16
73
20
65
80
5 1 9- 4 7 1 - 1 3 4 5
3 0 3 - 6 5 0 - 97 6 8
8 1 3 - 9 2 1 -7 5 1 0
9 0 4 - 7 2 1 - 0 2 82
9 0 4 - 4 6 2 - 5 3 92
8 1 3 - 5 8 1 -7 7 7 9
3 1 9- 3 3 7 - 6 0 9 4
3 0 9 - 3 83 - 4 3 1 2
6 1 8 - 9 9 6 - 2 6 97
317-662-7 887
913-272-1353
316-7 55-13 1 4
5 0 2 - 4 5 8 - 6 6 90
3 1 8- 3 6 5 - 7 7 0 6
P o c k l i ng t o n
Leo
Allain
M a r k Watts
Howa r d P o r t e r
Harold Balitski
J o e App l e g a t e
E r n i e Bon t r a g e r
B i l l B r own
J oh n L o v e l l
Geo r g e M c D o n a l d
L i nda S ig n o r
S t e v e Robe r t s
La r r y P a r k e r
Cha r l e s Thome
John A . H e l w i g
Kevin C ronister
Rex R i v e r s
Bryan Harp
M i k e S ta n d e f e r
Bob H o e v e l
01451
100
� l l 51
B u r l i ng t o n
0 1 803
35
85
413-732-6633
F r am i ngham
Sturgis
30
6 1 7 - 87 9 - 0 5 7 0
O r tonvi l l e
01701
4 9091
4 8462
75
Bob B i a m o n t e
M it c h Cohen
C l a y Howe
Alanson
4 9706
14
3 13 - 6 2 7 -2235
Julie
G o l d e n Val ley
55422
85
Sp r i n g f i e l d
west Fargo
Manv i l l e
6 5 80 3
5 8 07 8
0 8 835
21
300
Albuquerque
87107
20
B i n ghamton
Il e l l m o r e
Cam i l l u s
Canfield
13 905
11710
13031
4 4406
35
C o l umbus
Pa i n e s v i l l e
43214
44077
124
L e h i g h Va l l e y
Delmont
P r ov i d e n c e
G r a y Cou r t
1 80 0 1
15626
0 2 906
29645
Linbrook
Wa r r i ng t on
3422
P l a z a Av e .
Memph i s
38lll
P.O.
Box
Big
634
55
5 0 6 - 3 82 - 2 1 90
R og e r
D . Ba i l y
G e r r y C h a mb e r l a n d
A n n - M a r i e M a c r< a y
Harvard
3562
7 0 4 [) a l t i m o r e
P . O . [) u x 1 6 1 4
2 1 1 5 B u f o r d Road
68
100
4 16-357-3462
6 0 4 - 9 4 9- 6 7 6 1
Pa t r i c i a J a c k s o n
Spr i n g f i e l d
4 90 3
RD.
l'/ i l l i a m H . N u n n
P e e r smu.n G
M a r k Randa l l
G l e n E r i c M on t g om e
Norm W o l f e
T e r ry S te e n
S4X
9 1 Wood l a n d D r i v e
3 6 N o t t i ng h i l l C r e s c e n t
P . O . B o x 1 86
P.O.
4047
24ll
213-355-6lll
Fricker
V5M 1 G3
N 2 B 2V7
Van c o u v e r , BC
K i t c h e n e r , On t .
Reg i n a , S K
T o r o n t o , On t .
N . E.
3220
853 0 2
857 0 8
39
96
30
25
R.D.
F ra m i n g h a m C o l o r C o mp u t e r C l u b
M i c h i a n a C o l o r Com p u t e r C l u b
C i t ies
East
Park
54 K e r r Road
P . O . Box 5 7 2
1 5 1 Wh i t e l o c k P l a c e
7707 Jubilee Drive
P . O . B o x 1 7 40
93
B o s t on
Box 6 1 5 93
L a f a y e t te
Box 6 9 91
City
Newton . Geelong
Gl enda l e
� 2 2 Tucson
2 6 0 0 Berchem
Arcadia
Hudson C i r c l e
Tweedmu i r B a y
104
Club
MN
NM
0
Club
London C o C o N u t s
Meadowva l e C o l o r
MI
MI
r.i
0
r.i
Coco
Group
North
Color
11!
s
Reg i o n a l
C l ub
U se r ' s
Club
D r ive
s.
3167
CD
CD
KS
KY
KY
LA
MA
:c
Niaga ra
Compu t e r
P.O.
269
P.O.
23
26
CD
CD
IN
KS
VI
Cl ub
CD
IA
IL
IL
:;;
QC
Compu t e r
K-W C o l o r C o m p u t e r C l ub
Reg i na Co l o r Comp u t e r C l u b
FL
�
Color
CD
CD
CD
..,
"'
<="
...
c:
"'
Address
Columbia
Memph i s
Sandy
llereford
Manassas
R i chmond
29223
15
50
1 20
6 17-456-8291
6 17 - 4 3 3 - 5 6 8 9
6 1 6 - 3 4 7 - 0 6 07
Hal l o c k
De n n i s
Hoshield
6 1 2 - 7 3 5 -1 3 5 8
Bob R u t ledge
4 1 7 - 4 8 5 -3 4 1 9
701-281-0549
201-7 25-5028
Steve K n i t t e l
John Steiner
Da r r e n N y e
293-8567
6 0 7 - 7 2 3 - 82 2 3
5 1 6 - 7 83 - 7 5 0 6
3 1 5 - 6 7 2- 3 6 94
S teve Maggs
Bucky !!elme r
Joe Cas t e l l i
Dan i e l B u t t on
La r r y Cadman
2 1 6 -7 8 2 - 6 7 6 4
6 1 4 - 2 6 8- 5 3 6 6
35
55
19
ll0
50
Ch r i s S\veet
Pa r is N e p u s
4 1 2- 4 6 3 - 5 4 9 8
401-521-2626
803-967-8851
Don S p a r r ow
Anthony R u g u e
Jerry
B eh l e r
W i l l i am A . W a l k e r
Andy Nu lman
David Dewease
55
80 3 - 7 8 6 - 0 5 4 1
Tom
Reed
75
65
901-362-5945
Ben
B a r t on
6 1 5- 3 2 3 - 1 1 83
7 575 5
20
2 1 4 - 6 3 6 -4 1 2 9
7 90 4 5
22110
23235
15
31
30
806-364-6204
7 0 3 - 82 0 - 0 6 5 8
8 0 4 -3 2 0 - 0 0 1 9
381 1 8
Arnie
Graber
l'ii l l i am A r n o l d
R u ss e l l
Byr
B r ow n l ow
Logan M c M i n n
R . H . G r a ham
continued
cominued
WA
Nor thwest
WI
CoCo-Mug
WI
Color
P r o-Colo r - F i l e
Compu t e r
Na t i o na l
C l ub
P.O.
Box
2420
M i sty
12851
UG
w.
4533
Lane
B a l boa
D r i ve
Spokane
99202
\-/a u k e s h a
5 3 1 86
New Ber lin
53151
ll
100
100
5 0 9 - 92 8 - 5 8 83
Tim \•la t s o n
414-542-0600
4 1 4-425-8810
Tom F a n d r e
Jorge Mir
Phone Number
Comae/ Person
Co Co-Only Groups - No Dues Charged
Sra1e or Counlry
AU
AZ
CA
co
IL
lN
IN
MX
NC
NC
ND
NY
B r isbane
West
u se r ' s
C o l o r C o mp u t e r/ Ba k e r s f i e l d
Low r y A F B M i c r o C l ub/ C o C o
R a l e i g h C o l o r Comp u t e r C l ub
G r e a t e r W i l m i n g ton CC U s e r ' s G r oup
Coco U s e r ' s G r o u p
Color
Comp u t e r
O h i o Col o r
No r t h e r n
OH
D a y t o n C o c o User ' s
Compu t e r
Users
OK
E a s t O k l a h o m a C o l o r Comp u t e r C l u b
C en t r a l O r e g o n C o l o r Compu t e r C l u b
Apt . A
Street
P . O . B o x 6 81
1 1 5 D e l lwood
Box 6 8 3
Box
C l ub
OH
Garner
W i l m i n g t on
Drive
W e s t Fa r g o
B o lt o n Lan d i n g
365
3 0 7 W e s t Maple
6 0 9 Appl e h i l l
Group
Qld
Tucson
Ba k e r s f i e l cl
Au r o r a
Des Plains
9 3 4 6 Lan d i n g s S � u a r e
I nd i a n a po l i s
P . O . B o x 6 87 0 2
Poseyv i l l e
P . O . Box 4 6 2
La j a � 2 3 0 , 0 1 90 0 , M e x i c o D F M e x i c o C i t y
2 5 2 1 B i s hop
2 2 4 9 Mol i ne
UG
UG
N o r t h e r n IL C o l o r Compu t e r C l u b b
I n d y C o l o r Compu t e r C l u b
E v a n s v i l l e C o c o U s e r ' s G r ou p
M e x i c o C i t y C o l o r Comp u t e r C l ub
Ad i r o n d a c k
Cl r i s b a n e ,
17 P e n l e y S t , T h e G a p
2 1 8 W e & t C a l l e M a r ga r i ta
Group
C o c o U s e r 1 s G r oup
Zip
City
Address
Group Name
Clyde
St.
West
Dr .
Car roll ton
Members
4061
85706
80
50
07-30-2072
6 0 2 - 88 9 - 8 2 5 4 4
O r i an D o u g a n
S t e v e Par kman
933 0 6
80010
7
47
8 0 5 - 87 2 - 86 1 8
3 03-343-347 3
6 0 1 87
4626 8
47633
L a r ry S h e r i d a n
J e r r y Sur r i t e
llS
60
9
25
3 1 2 - 82 4 - 1 2 9 1
3 17 - 2 5 7 - 3 3 0 0
8 1 2 - 87 4 - 2 2 1 0
5 6 8 -7 8-7 5
Kevin O ' B rien
Mi k e Davis
B r i a n Boyles
Marcelo Luft
132
21
15
919-791-5829
7 0 1 - 2 81 - 0 5 4 9
12814
43410
20
5 1 8- 6 4 4 - 9 9 2 7
D a v i d Roper
B o b Owen
John S t e i n e r
43
41 9-547-9876
45449
Da r y l G .
48
5 1 3 - 8 5 9 -3 5 2 9
Joseph P.
5
12
5 0 3- 5 4 8- 3 2 9 2
D o u g M ol l e r
P a u l B e l l ema r e
27529
2 84 0 5
5 807 8
Bi 11
Edwa e d s
Wing
Evans
PA
Color
Philadelphia
7 4 96 6
97756
1 91 0 3
40
2 1 5- 5 6 7 - 4 2 7 6
PA
PA
H u g -A-Coco ( H a r r i s b u r g U s e r ' s G r oup
W e s t m o r e l a n d A r e a CC O p e r a t o r s C l ub
2 0 1 2 M i l l Pl a i n Cou r t
R D 1 1 , Box 2 4 0 AA
H a r r i sb u r g
New S t a n t o n
l7 l l 0
15672
30
18
7 1 7 -6 5 7 - 2 7 8 9
4 1 2- 9 2 5 - 1 9 1 4
George Lurie
David Chess
TX
Coco C l u b
Aus t i n
Roy
Kent
Twin Lakes
S t . Albans
7 87 0 4
84067
5 1 2- 4 4 2 - 6 3 1 7
8 0 1 -7 3 1 -6 7 8 9
2 0 6 - 8 5 4 -7 0 7 2
4 1 4 - 87 7 - 3 9 8 8
D a v i d K a r am
Ogden coco
SEA-TAC C o C o C l u b
So. W i s c o n s i n C o l o r
W e s t Vi r g in i a C o l o r
1 80 9 D e x t e r
4 5 3 5 S o u t h 2 6 0 0 West
1 85 1 s. C en t r a l Place
12
UT
WA
WI
vR
WV
Comp u t e r
of
U se r ' s G r o u p
Aus t i n Texas
C o mp u t e r
C o mp u t e r
Club
Club
P . O . Box 3 2 6
3 9 4 7 NW 2 1 s t
1901 J . F . Kennedy Blvd.
T u l sa
Redmond
8 2 9 H i c k o r y Road
949 B a i e r S t .
53
70
30
30
98031
5 3 1 81
25177
A r n o l d W e iS S
K a t h y Rush
3 0 4 - 7 27 - 6 7 6 4
M i c h a e l D. N u g e n t
David C . Buehn
W i l liam w. M u c k l ow
Phone Number
Comae/ Person
General Groups - Dues Charged
Group Name
Slale or Counlry
AL
AL
AU
G2C3
Cen tral
Ad e l a i d e
A l a ba m a M i c r o S o c i e t y
Micro
AZ
AZ
CA
D u s t B y t e r s U s e r ' s G roup
A r i z o n a Compu t e r S o c i e t y
Fo r t h I n t e r e s t G r o u p
CA
CA
San Gabriel
CA
Sol and
S.
CA.
Micro
Inc .
User ' s Group
Compu t e r
Valley
Ama t e u r
Use r ' s
Group
User ' s
Rad i o C o m p .
Club
CA
CD
S a n D i e g o TRS- 8 0 U s e r ' s G r o u p
To r o n t o M i c r ocompu t e r U s e r ' s G r o u p
CD
CD
CD
V a n c o u v e r T RS - 80 U s e r ' s G r o u p
M i c r o - 80 Compu t e r C l u b o f O t t a wa
R e g i na Op e r a t e r s of M i c r o c o m p u t e r s
CD
W i n n i pe g
CD
co
I n t e r n a t i o na l A d v e n t u r e U s e r G r o u p
S o u t h e r n C o l o r a d o Compu t e r C l u b
CT
Connec t i cu t
CT
CT
CT
FL
FL
FL
FL
FL
FL
GA
HO
IL
Micro
80
Use r ' s
Compu t e r
UG of
C en t r a l
Tampa
C en t r a l
Flor ida
Bay
TRS-80
UG
Inc.
Con n e c t i c u t
Comp u t e r
User
Group
S o c i e t y , I nc
P r ocomp C o m p u t e r C l u b
F a i r f i e l d C o u n t y Compu t e r
TRS- 80
City
4 3 07 O l d Sh e l l Road
P . O . Box 1 7 0 2 1
36 Sturt St.
6 5 57-A East
Calle La
P . O . Box 15623
Mo b i l e
M o n t g om e r y
Ade l a i de
P.O.
TRS-80
S o c i e ty
Group
J a c k s o n v i l l e A r e a C o m p u t e r Soc i e t y
Ma r i o n C o u n t y C o m p u t e r S o c i e t y
T a l l a h a s s e e A r e a Comp u t e r S oc i e ty
S p a c e C o a s t M i c r o comp u t i n g C l ub
C S R A Compu t e r S o c i e t y
TRS - 80 G e b r u i k e r s V e r e n i g i n g
C h i c a g o A r e a C o m p . Hobby i s t s
Benelu
Exch .
Zip
Address
Box
Paz
ll05
550
750
Mar igold
East 5th
962
Cheyenne
st .
ns
P . O . Box 1 7 1 0 9
P . O . B o x 87 5 P os t a l S t .
i a0 5 - 1 9 85 Woodway P l .
1 7 8 M on t e r e y
Box 1001
17
1199
Farmington
Ave .
Dept . 7 , 8 4 4 V e r non
1 0 R i c h l e e Roa d .
P.O.
Box
P.O.
1721
B o x 80 1 9
G r e en l e e
Tucson
Pheo n i x
Burt
94070
40
20
3500
6 0 2 - 8 8 9 - 82 4 4
S a n Ca r l os
4 1 5 - 962-8653
Fai r f i el d
Azusa
94533
91702
75
150
W i l l i am Rag s d a l e
Costa
707-422-3417
2 1 3-96 9-3605
92626
150
David A. Irwin
Dan Dresselhaus
92117
70
7 1 4 - 5 4 9- 8 5 1 6
6 1 9- 5 6 5 - 4 9 4 7
F r i e d Heyn
Wa r r en M c K e n n a
MSW 1G3
VSB 4 T 4
100
40
K2H 7 A B
S 4 P 3 B :1
160
54
7 33-25 5 8
6 1 3 - 82 0 - 2 1 7 0
522-8808
Robe r t J. W h i t l a
R . \·1 . Mof f a t
Mesa
S a n D i eg o
A T o r o n t o , Ont .
B u r n a b y , BC
On t .
SK.
\·I i n n i p e g ,
Bitt ersweet
8 4 C a mb e r l e y C r e s c e n t
1635
South P r a i r ie Ave .
1575
Drive
ST.
60
75
36608
36117
5000
85715
85060
Nepean ,
Reg i na ,
Drive
Members
Man .
R2J
2ES
225
90
2 0 5-27 2 - 5 0 6 9
3 3 7 -6 6 82
4 5 2-597 8
Gerald T .
R.
Haberman
Stan
Don
Regan
S tevenson
Talac•yk
wood
L6V 3 L 4
81005
23
120
416-451-9452
3 0 3 - 5 6 4- 3 5 4 5
M . Dow
L l o y d A r m s t r on g
06107
220
203-56 1-3 6 5 9
B r u c e B r own
Man c h e s t e r
N o r wa l k
06040
200
150
2 0 3-643-407 2
06 851
Hartford
06114
130
Mai t l a n d
C l e arwater
3 2 7 51
50
120
3 0 5-862-1 3 2 9
73
45
9 0 4 -7 7 2 - 6 4 1 8
B r ampton ,
Ont .
Pueblo
West H a r t f o r d
! 2 0 2 7 3 5 0 Cl l a n d i n g B l v d .
Jacksen vil le
P O B 2 4 8 , 2 9 5 0 NE S S t h Ave S i l v e r Spr i ng s
P . O . Box 67 1 6
Ta l l a h a s s e e
3 1 5 I n l e t Ave .
Me r r i t I s l a n d
P . O . Box 7 8 4
Augusta
Santpoo r t-Noo r d
P . 0 . Box 5 51 , 2 0 7 0 An
3 2 3 S . F r a n k l i n , 8 0 4 , PO 1 7 6 C h i c a g o
32751
32210
326 88
32314
32953
30903
60611
100
200
50
2300
50
2 0 3- 8 6 6-7 883
3 1 2 - 9 3 5 - 6 80 9
H,
�
�
i:
Hunt
B i l l \'l e l lm a n
Tom
404-733-1232
3 1 23 3 84 1 3 5
...
P a u l Monaco
Alan A b r ahmson
Henry
904-629-8060
"'
°"
0\
Mel
Roy
Stiles
Sca r b e r r y
Kah k o n e n
8
8
R a y 0 . L o c k wood
S t e v e Lar son
G.
Z u i d e rduyn
continued
5::c
�
RGS DUAL DOS CARD
16 K DOS CARD
WITH SWITCH SELECTOR
0 PLUGS
I NTO YOUR J-M D I S K CONTR O L L E R A N D
ALLOWS Y O U T O M A P O N Al\I EXTRA 8 K E·PRO M
ABOVE DOS.
0 USE YOUR OWN
E-PROM OR TWO
24 P I N , 8 K DOS
2764 E-PROMS.
A N D ONE
2764
0 GREAT FOR UTILITIES O R A MAC H I N E LA NGUAGE
MONITOR .
0 ON
BOA R D D E - C O D I N G , O N LY O N E W I RE
SOLDER. COMP LETE WITH I N STRUCTIONS.
TO
DESIGNED TO ACCOMODATE TWO DIFFERENT
C H I PS INS IDE YOUR J-M DISK CONTROLLER.
DOS
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FROM THE DOS AND BRINGS YOU BACK TO BASIC.
FOR ONE 24 PIN ROM AND A 28 PIN
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(Board with switch o n lyl
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D D O ES NOT D I S A B L E Y O U R R E G U LA R T V. O U T P U T
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TRACES
PROJECT BOARD
VIDEO PAL
0 E A S Y TO I N STA LL, F I T S U N D E R Y O U R K E Y B O A R D
0
TWO
C O M P LETE W I T H I N STRUCT I O N S .
[] EASY TO WIRE - WRAP
ALSO A VAILABLE FOR COLOR MONITORS
G REAT TO
PROJECTS .
BUILD
YOUR
"TURN
OF
THE
SCREW"
.�
I
$29.95
51 9 . 9 5
(TWO FOR
CANADA
USA
RGS M ICRO I NC.
RGS MICRO INC.
7 5 9 , VICTORIA SQUARE 405
MONTREAL
H2Y 2 J 3
MAIN STREET
DERBY LINE, VERMONT
ZIP 05830
TEL: 802-873-3386
ORDER LINE 800-361-4970
TERMS: VISA - MASTER CARD - AMERICAN EXPRESS
v
See List of Advertisers on page 89
534.951
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C i rcle Reader Service card #185
February 1985
HOT Coco
51
continued
IL
Moto r o l a
Southe r n
IL
Central
IN
MA
Northeast
T h e B o s t o n Comp u t e r
MA
MD
TRUGEM
TBUG
MI
K a l a m a z o o A r e a C o m pu t e r
MI
MI
CMTUG I NC .
C o mp u t e r S h a c k
MI
MO
MO
MO
NC
NC
The P l u t o n i a n Soc i e ty
N o r t h C o u n t y 80 U s e r s G r o u p
K a n s a s C i ty TRS - 8 0 U s e r ' s G r o u p
S t . L o u i s Compu t e r G r o u p
T r i a d A m a t e u r Compu t e r So c i e ty
TRS-80 U s e r s Group o f Cha r l o tte
NJ
TRS-80 UG
NJ
NJ
H o m e Comp u t i n g
N'l
N'l
K ings
IL
N 'l
NY
M i c r o c o m p u t e r C l ub
I l l i n o i s Comp u t e r K l u b
I l l inois TRS-80
Amateur
Compute r
of
C om p .
Club
S o c i e ty
Monmo u t h
NY
OH
M e t r o T R S - 8 0 U s e r ' s G r ou p
No r t h C e n t r a l O h i o comp u t e r
OH
JC
OK
Tu l s a
OK
OR
Southe r n
Lawton
Use r ' s
G r ou p
M i c ro - 8 0
Group,
TRS-80
Us e r s
OR
OR
M i l w a u k i e T RS - 80 U s e r G r o u p
P o r t l a n d Comp u t e r S o c i e t y
OR
PA
PA
Portland
CAP A T U G
TUG-DC
PA
The
TX
TX
TX
TX
UK
Area
M i c r o comp u t e r
H.O.T.
TRS-80
of
Society
Group
( MUG)
C l ub
S c h a um b u r g
C o l l i ngton Ave .
S u m me r l i n
East
Mi l l
use r ' s
Club
WI
WI
WI
Durant
Club
84
60196
I n d i a n a po l i s
46250
140
Boston
02108
3 1 7 - 84 9 - 81 4 9
01760
7 0 00
Natick
Baltimore
6 1 7 - 3 6 7 - 80 8 0
60
S u n n y T a r by
6 1 7 - 4 4 3 - 3 3 27
M a t h e w vi .
21231
49008
Lansing
Pon t i a c
B r i gh t o n
H a z e l wood
K a n s a s C i ty
Lou i s
G r e e nsboro
Rd .
Road
S t e v e Ad l e r
25
102
St .
ST .
3 1 2-57 6-3044
62249
62704
K a l amazoo
Plaza
200+
Highland
S p r i ng f i e l d
50
20
4 8926
4 80 5 4
48ll6
63042
64ll8
63ll0
27417
50
100
100
1 95
70
300
John
217-523-2764
3 0 1 - 3 3 8-7 5 6 8
6 16-327- 2 2 1 0
517-482-2294
3 1 3 - 6 7 3 - 87 0 0
3 1 4 -7 3 9 - 4 0 7 8
Dalhaus
La r r y S a n d h a a s
Slate
J . E . Spath
Jim J o h n s t o n
Denn i s H i l l
G o r d o n Monn i e r i
K a z y s Va r n e l l i s
Tom V o g e l
M a r y You n g b l o o d
Charlotte
2 82 2 6
195
157
B r i c k town
0 87 2 3
91 9-299-07 0 8
70 4-542-9959
Kenn
Bill
Toms R i v e r
S o . Bound B r ook
0 8753
0 8880
50
2 0 1 - 4 5 8- 5 1 6 9
Ed
Brooklyn
ll236
80
2 0 1 - 2 4 6 -3 H 9
M i c k e y J s o l Sos
M a r k Sproul
Yaphank
l l 980
14615
3
1 , 400
2 1 2-763-4233
Mel ton
Hardin
Newman
M o r ty
L i bowi t z
P . O . Box 1 5 4 7 6
2 4 5 Mapleview Road
Cheetowaga
1 4 22 5
1 80 0
133
88
310
New Yor k
10025
4 4901
7 16-832-07 7 8
40
40
Dr .
2 1 2- 2 2 2 - 8 7 5 1
George Mueden
We s t
l 0 6 th
Roche s t e r
S t . -1 5 D
516-924-9229
V . Edw a r d s o n
Nabeel Al Salem
R.E.
Pan t e r a
P . O . Box 9 6 5
B o x 2 83 5 5
M an s f i e l d
C o l u mbus
43228
P.O.
Box
1133
120
246
74101
73543
9 1 8 - 7 4 3 - 6 83 1
P.O.
Box
1472
450
44
Bill
Box
Tulsa
Geronimo
6 1 4-267-0554
P.O.
Eugene
97440
55
R a y Mclain
Dan Godda r d
M i l wa u k e e
Pertland
97222
97271
97202
5 0 3 - 6 8 8- 5 8 4 7
25
100
5 0 3 - 6 5 9- 8 8 4 2
800- 4 5 2 - 2 4 4 4
N e w Cumbe r l a n d
P rospect P a r k
University Park
17070
1 90 7 6
256
Jim
Jim
800-452-2444
158
55
700
J im Clayton
7 l7-652-ll61
2 1 5 - 5 8 3 - 83 0 7
814-863-0422
76703
76308
Tim Sukay
Gar y D i l l i e
C h e s t e r M . Sm i t h
817-6 92-17 98
5 1 2 - 6 4 3 - 7 6 90
915-6 97-7 0 1 2
J . \·/ e s l e y Tay l o r
Pat Michaud
Lonnie Yee
M r . S. C o l s o n
R.J.
3 5 2 0 S . E . V i n e y a r d Road
P . O . Box 1 7 3 7 1
P.O. Box 02500
3 4 0 L e w i s b e r r y Rd .
1 1 0 9 M a d i s o n Av e .
2 1 5 B Comp u t e r B l d g . PSU
P.O.
W i g h t TRS - 8 0
Compu t e r
N.
244
Inc.
T e x a h o m a M i c r o c o mp u t e r E n t h u s i a s t s
C o r p u s C h r i s t i TRS - 8 0 U s e r ' s G r o u p
M i d l an d M i c r o compu t e r U s e r s
Isle
50 2 5 2
1063
N o r t h L o n d o n H o b b y Comp u t e r C l u b
TCUG Inc .
N o r t h w e s t Compu t e r S oc i e ty
M i d w e s t I n t e r a c t i v e Comp u t e r
TRS-80 U s e r ' s G r o u p o f M a d i son
UK
VA
WA
Box
Road
Cou r t
2 B r i a r Mills D r ive
1 3 7 1 W h i t e O a k Bottom
Box 3 1 9
U se r ' s G r o u p
User
P.O.
6613
S o c i e ty
TRS- 80
Pa sf ield
3 0 0 N . I• . 8 3 r d S t .
5 6 0 0 C l ayton Road
Box 7 0 7 3
ACSCO
Comp u t e r
So.
8 1 9 1 Woo d l a n d S h o r e i 1 2
# 1 2 Vi l l e Donna Cou r t
NJ
Club
Algonq u i n
O r ch i d
1 9 2 7 W i n c h e l l Ave .
4 1 0 L i be r t y S t .
1 6 91 E a s e n
County
·TRS - 8 0 U s e r ' s G r o u p
Roch e s t e r S - 8 0 Compu t e r
Use r ' s G r o u p
E.
2815
1 83 6
102
Assn .
Club o f
1301
Th r e e C e n t e r P l a z a
6 1 Lak e S h o r e RD .
N e ws l e t t e r
Compu t e r
B v t e J.n.c.•
T R S - 80
Club
Box
2031
Per tland
16 802
P.O.
4 3 91
i-1aco
l'i i c h i t a
2201
P.O.
H i c k o r y D r iv e
Box 5 0 2 4 6
Portland
M i d l an d
78374
7 9710
65
40
50
Ryde
ll
Star
Street
Polytechnic o f N . London
P . O . Box 2 8 2 6
P . O . B o x 4 1 93
3 4 P l e a s a n tv i ew C o u r t
3 5 4 West M a i n S t .
9 0 1 S . 1 2 th S t .
Fal l s
P0332HX
140
H o l l o w a y R d Lon
Fa i r f a x
Seattle
N7 8 D 8
22031
98104
0 1-607
App l e t o n
Nadison
Ha t e r town
5 4 91 1
53703
5 3094
160
376
425
150
35
25
4 2 4 - 7 3 1 - 7 1 83
L O . vi .
27 8 9
4 1 4 - 6 9 9- 3 2 1 4
M.
B o b I/a l t e r s
Clayton
C l a y ton
La r k i n
M i k e Schwa r t z
D i c k Stransky
General Groups - No Dues Charged
S1a1e o r Country
Croup Name
AU
CA
B l u e Mou n t a i n
Va l l e y T RS - 8 0
Compu t e r C l u b
use r ' s Group
CA
C o mp u t e r
CA
WGBF
Cent r a l
FL
North
GA
IA
IA
Toccoa M i c r o -Comp u t e r S o c i e t y
M a r s ha l l t o w n C o m p u t e r C l ub
Iowa C i t y TRS - 8 0 U s e r ' s G r o u p
IN
LA
Group o f Southwest Indiana
B e g i n n i ng B a s i c P r o g r am me r s
MI
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of
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Marie
Address
Ciiy
Zip
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R t . 2 , Box 1 2 4
2510
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6 t h St . ,
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Dr.
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604
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C/O H o n d a , 5 9 1 5 6 t h A v e .
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The JBM Group brings you O S - 9*
SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS !
NuBASE: The uncomplicated data base
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At last - a data base ma nager so vers a t i le that you can use it to d o what you wa n t with y o u r d a t a . I t's n o t
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Appointment calendar program to help keep your
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Lists a p po i n tments by d a y , week or m o n t h
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A new stand-alone sort for OS- 9 that keeps asking
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A l lows sort i ng in asce n d i ng or desce n d i ng o rd e r
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Syste m - wi d e muster file for sched u l i ng c o m m o n
a r roi n t mcnts
•
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•
De fa u l t calendar file for each user
GENUS
$69
HELP
Conti nental Business Center
Front & Ford Streets
Bridgeport, PA 19405
graup
TWX: 51()-6f,()..3999
21 5-275-1 777
P A re�. add fi% �a le� tax.
U S orders, odd S S .00 posla(!e and hand l in11.
- I • . • .J •
•
- - - I
Circle Reader Service card #190
-
•..I
-
-I
-
- •
/.
-
.I
-
- -I
.• -
I.
- - •
February 1985
.
, I_
•
I- •
-
•
HOT CoCo
53
BUSINESS
BY ROD WEISS
Where Does
The Value Go?
If you need help figuring depreciation on your assets,
th is program offers you three meth ods.
_
,,...__
_
_
" . £5.:_�y"---
This program is available on our Instant CoCo ca.ssette.
rr.=::=::=:::
: �
:
See the Instant CoCo ad elsewhere in this issue.
I
f you purchased a new car five
years ago, the moment you drove
it off the lot, it depreciated $ 1 ,200.
Today, it loses approximately $ 3 ,000
in value.
Cars, counters, scales, furniture,
computers, permanent fixtures, build­
ings-almost all the items you use in
a bus iness (except pencils and pa­
per)-are depreciable. This program
is designed for the novice bookkeeper,
businessman, and computer owner to
figure depreciation using a 1 6K CoCo
computer.
Three Methods
This Valuation of Fixed Assets pro­
gram lets you choose from t hree
1 1 ---­
methods o f calculating depreciation.
The first is the straight-line method .
It calls for you to enter the cqst of the
item or merchandise, the salvage or
trade-in v alue that you hope for in the
future, and the number of years of
service life you expect from the item.
The second method is accelerated
declining balance. This time you ' re
asked for "years of service life" first
and then the book value, which is the
cost of the item the first year or the
cost of the item minus accumulated
depreciation for the following years.
The important t h i ng to remember
when using this method i s that the de­
preciation expense for each year is
found by subtracting the accrued de-
System Requirements
Color Computer or Expanded
MC-10
16K RAM
Color or Micro Color Basic
Printer Optional
preciation from t h e p resent b o o k
value of the asset a t the beginning of
the period. In addition, t h e value re­
maining on the books at the end of
the service life on the item must equal
its salvage value. The p rogram does
most of this for you. However, you
must keep track of salvage- value/
book-value balance.
The last method is sum-of-the-year
digits. It's an accelerated method that
provides the largest amount of depre­
ciation during the first year and rela­
tively smaller amounts i n each sue-
Program L isting.
ceeding year. Under this method, a
common fraction that decreases i n
size each year i s applied to the cost,
less its salvage v alue. The program is
set up for five years, which is the al­
lowable depreciable life of a computer
per the I R S . If you wish to add more
years, you can add Y I = lines after 540.
However, you also have to change the
YI
figures in lines 720-760 and add
another line for each additional year. I f
you want the program to give you a
printed statement of the output, change
the P R I NT statements of lines 250,
=
2 1 0 I N P U T " TOTAL COST O F M E R C H A N D
I S E " ; TC
2 2 0 I N P U T " SALVAGE VALU E " ; SV
2 3 0 I N P U T " S E R V I C E L I FE " ; LX
2 4 0 D = ( TC - S V ) /LX
250 P R I N T " A N N U A L D E P R E C I AT I O N I S
Valuation of Fixed Assets
•
4 0 CLS
42 P RINT . * * * * * * * * * * * * * * � * * * * * * * *
*********"
50 P R I NT @ 6 4 + 8 , " * VALUATION OF *
60 P R I N T@ 9 6 + 8 ,
" * F I X E D ASSETS *
6 5 P R I NT@ l 2 8 + 8 , " * BY R . WE I S S
*
6 7 P R I NT . * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* ** * * * * * * "
7 0 I N PUT K D $
8 0 CLS : P R I NT @ 6 6 , " W H I C H METHOD ? "
90 P R I N T @ l 2 8 + 2 , " l - STRAIGHT L I N
E"
1 0 0 P R I N T @ l 60 + 2 , " 2 - ACC E L . D E C
L I N I NG-BA LANC E "
1 1 0 P R I NT @ l 9 2 + 2 , " 3 - SUM O F Y E A R
S D IGITS"
1 2P INPUT N
130
1 40
150
200
205
56
I F N < l OR N > ) T H E N 8 0
ON N GOSUB 2 0 0 , 3 2 0 , 450
CLS : GOTO 8 0
' S T R A I G H T L I N E METHO D
CLS
HOT CoCo
February 1985
280, 360, 4 1 0 and 580 to P R I NT# - 2,
statements.
Even if you don't own a service or
a business, this program can be useful
to determine whether you spent hard­
earned m o n e y on s o m e t h i ng w i t h
value-holding power or a quickly de­
preciating item . •
;D
2 6 0 I N P UT " HOW M A N Y Y EA RS ? " ; Y
2 7 0 A C = D* Y
2 8 0 P R I NT " ACCU M . D E PREC I AT I ON I S
$ " ; AC
2 9 0 P R I NT " DO YOU W I S H TO CONT I N U
E ? ( Y/N ) " ;
3 0 0 I NP U T K K $
310 I F KK$="Y" THEN 80
3 1 5 I F K K $ = " N " T H E N 7 00
3 1 7 GOTO 3 0 0
3 20 ' A C C E L ER A T ED D E CL I N I N G - B A L A N
CE
3 3 0 C L S : I NPUT " Y EA R S O F S E R V I C E L
I F E : " ; TL
3 4 0 I NP UT " BOOK V A LU E " ; BV
3 5 0 D P = ( BV * 2 ) /T L
3 6 0 P R I NT " D E P R E C I AT I ON I S $ " ; DP
3 7 0 P R I NT " TO F I N D ACCUMULAT E D "
3 8 0 P R I N T " D E P R E C I AT I O N "
3 9 0 I NPUT " EN T ER L A S T Y E A RS F I G U R
E " ; LY
4 00 A D = L Y + D P
4 1 0 P R I NT " ACCU . D EP R EC I AT I ON I S
$ " ;AD
4 2 0 P R I NT " DO YOU W I S H T O CONT I N U
E? (Y/N) " ;
A ddress correspondence to Rod
Weiss, 12 Woodland Circle, Colum­
bus, GA 31904.
4 3 0 I N PUT K L $
4 4 0 I F KL$ = " Y " THEN80
4 4 2 I F K L $ = " N " T H E N 7 00
4 4 3 GOTO 4 3 0
4 5 0 ' S U M O F Y E A R S D I G I TS
4 6 0 C LS : I N P O T " TOTAL COST OF M E R C
HANDISE " ; SC
4 7 0 I N P U T " S A L V A G E V A L U E " ; VS
4 8 0 I NPUT " S E R V I C E L I F E " ; L S
4 9 0 I NP U T " F O R W H I C H Y E A R ? " ; Y I
500 I F Y I = l THEN 7 20
5 1 0 I F Y I = 2 THEN 7 3 0
5 2 0 I F Y I = ) T H EN 7 4 0
5 30 I F Y I = 4 THEN 7 5 0
5 4 0 I F Y I = 5 THEN 7 6 0
5 5 0 S Y D = ( LS * ( LS + l ) ) / 2
5 6 0 R=SC-VS
5 7 0 W= ( R * Y I ) /S Y D
5 8 0 P R I N T " D E P R E C I AT I ON I S " ; W
5 9 0 P R I N T " D O YOU W I S H T O C O NT I NU
E ? ( Y/ N ) ;
600 I N P U T K K $
6 1 0 I F K K$ = " Y " GOTO 8 0
6 1 2 I F K K $ = " N " T H E N 7 00
7 0 0 P R I NT @ 4 1 6 - 2 0 , " E N D " : E N D
7 2 0 Y I = 5 GOTO 5 5 0
7 3 0 Y I = 4 GOTO 5 5 0
7 4 0 Y I = ) GOTO 5 5 0
7 5 0 Y I = 2 GOTO 5 5 0
7 6 0 Y I = l GOTO 5 5 0
END
r Serv i ce card #223
D I S KETTES AND 680X SOFTWARE
FREE
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Interactively generates source o n disk with labels, Includes xref
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OS-9 version also processes FLEX object file format
EACH $60-FLEX & OS-9, $49-COCO DOS
OBJECT-ONLY versions:
COCO DOS available In 6800, 1 , 2,3,6,8,916602 version only
CROSS-ASSEMBLERS EACH $50-FLEX/OS-9, ANY 3 $ 1 00, ALL S200
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Computer Systems Consultants, Inc.
* 16K extended required
* Some programs require
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1 454 Latta Lane, Conyers, GA 30207
Telephone N u mb e r 404-483- 1 7 1 7/4570
Contact C S C f o r f u l l catalog a n d dealer information.
(over
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A d d 5% shipping; no shipping charge for disks I n lots of 1 00.
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DISPLAY GENERATORIDOCUMENTOR
MAILING LIST SYSTEM
INVENTORY WITH MRP
46
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$50-FLEX, $75-0S-9
6809 PIC T R A NSLATORS
A subscription to the ' Coco-Cassette' gets you a tape
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first class mail every month. The documen1ation inc luded
8-blt source Included only with •II cross-ossemblers (for $200)
DEBUGGING SIMULA TORS
1 0 DISKETTES
OR
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64
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P.O. BOX 256-C
HOLLAND, Mi 49423
( 6 1 6) 396-7577
.
TCE News Releas e
GA I TH E R S B UR G , MA R YLAND
MONDA Y O C TOBER 1 , 1 984
In 1 9 8 5 TCE Will In troduce
CHILD 'S PLA Y
Mouse Technological Software For The Color Computer!
Ted M al aska,
& Co - founder
Pres i d e n t
of
T C E
Programs I nc . , a n nou nced
today a new division
for
the develop m e n t of busi ness
The new d ivision
a
C hild's Play
begi n n i n g
t h e first h a l f of 1 985 .
in
The
C hild's Play series w i l l use
m o use
tec h n o l ogy
and
w h a t M r . M al aska termed
software .
d i st ri b u te
p rogra ms, u n d e r the n a m e
series
will
of
m ac h i n e l a n g u a ge business
"F lo a t i ng
con trol
the
Overlays ",
to
o perat ions
w i t h i n the p rogram ,
When
asked
why
Child 's Play
name
selected
series,
for
M r.
a
the
was
busi ness
M a l a s ka
re­
O ver -
sponded : "Float i n g
l a ys w i l l m ake the program
operation seem l i ke C hild 's
Play
,
c o m p ared
to o t h e r
busi ness software of today. "
Circle Reader Service card #388 rM
"' See List of Advertisers on page 89
February 1985
HOT Coco
57
,,,, lfll
This program is available on our Inseam CoCo cas:a;e11c.
-+
0
0
0
0
+
0
0
z
"'
+
------ s
+
I
"
1 1 1 1 6 -------____..,
Fig. / . Control PC Board Layout and Dimensions
Solder the wires to the 1 2 remaining
pads according to Fig. 2. Follow Fig.
3 to solder the other ends of the wires
to the terminals on the six motors.
Use the dimensions in Fig. 4 to cut
a blank plate from PC-board stoc k .
Then, etch off a l l the copper and set
it aside for the moment. Place the PC
board with the electronics on the face
plate area, letting the two mounting
holes fall on the corner wedges. Drill
holes with a 3/n-inch bit through the
corner wedges by using the mounting
holes in the PC board to guide you .
Carefully thread # 4 l/z -inch sheet­
metal screws into each of the two
holes to secure the PC board to the
unit. Then, position the blank plate
over the opening above the PC board ,
testing it for proper fit. When you are
satisfied with the way it fits, glue it
down with Duco cement-you've com­
pleted construction of the CoCo Arm.
Test and Alignment
Because of its inexpensive hard-
System Requirements
16K RAM
Extended Color Basic
ware construction, the CoCo Arm is
n o t a p re c i s i o n d e v i c e . S l i p p a g e
among the gears, speed variations i n
the motors, a n d other physical factors
cause the performance of the Coco
"Before you touch
tions they perform. To the right of the
function is a large, black-bordered
box displaying JB and X 0.
This is the best time to attach the
DIP connector from your Master In=
TACK SOLDER
JUMPERS TO
RECTANGULAR
PADS
the MOSFETs,
neutralize any
static charge
you migh t have
0
by touching
a ground point.
n
Arm to be inaccurate. But you can
compensate fo r these variations to
make your CoCo Arm extremely pre­
cise with the software you'll find here .
Program Listing 1 lets you test your
Coco Arm to determine calibration
factors you need to implement the
control program. Enter and save List­
ing 1 under the name of RTD and
then run it. The screen shows 12 com­
mands with explanations of the func-
Fig. 2. Control PC Board Component
Placement
February 1985
HOT CoCo
59
terface to SOI on the CoCo Arm. The
DIP cable has a white triangle em­
bossed on its connector that m u s t
point away from t h e CoCo Arm when
you hook it up. Connect the power
cube plug to J I by pushing it through
the hole in the PC board .
Type HR and press the enter key.
The hand part of your CoCo Arm will
begin to rotate to the right. Press the
enter key again to stop movement.
Note that when you press the enter key,
the contents of the black-bordered box
change. You'll find that H R (for hand
right) has taken the place of JB and that
the value of X has changed. Repeat this
procedure for the 1 2 commands in Ta­
ble I to make sure that each command
works properly.
BRACE
0
fHJfJH ·1Jf=:: :"
� 'I � 6
I Z
PC. BOAflO tFOIL SID! I
" When you are
sure that all
7
a
1 2!
II
10
9
Fig. 3. Final Wiring
functions are
operating properly,
begin determining
the calibration
factors. "
movement w h e n t h e fi ngers have
closed all the way. The number in the
black-bordered box indicates the re­
quired factor for 1 00-percent move­
ment o f t h e f u n c t i o n y o u are
calibrating. Write o n a piece o f paper,
FI : X nnnn, where nnnn is the factor.
Carry out the same procedure for the
remaining 1 1 functions.
Enter the command program, List­
ing 2, and save it under the name RC.
Line 30 defines the PO and F arrays.
The F array contains a number that is
the factor divided by 1 00. The CS$
(command string) in line 20 contains
the 12 commands you use to control
the CoCo Arm. The su bscript of the
F array corresponds to the command
position in the string. For example,
F( l ) corresponds to A L , and F ( 1 2)
corresponds to H D . Change the F ar­
ray elements according to the factors
you determined with the RTD pro­
gram. For instance, if you determine
that the factor of AD is 1 ,250, change
F(4) to 1 2 . 5 . AD is the fourth com­
mand in the CS$ string, and 1 2. 5 is
1 ,250 divided by I 00. Table I contains
factor array elements, POKEs you
use to create movement, and motors
associated w i t h t h e 1 2 m ov e ment
commands.
=
ROBOT A R M T E S T & D E MO
REM**
NAM E : RTD
2 R EM * *
3 R EM * *
( C ) l 98 4 , J . J . B .
Vl . l , 8/�l/84
4 REM**
5 R EM
l � C = & H C��� : D = & H C � � 2 : D I M POK ( l
2)
2� P O K E C + l , � : PO K EC , 2 5 5 : POKEC+ l , 4
: PO K E C , �
3 � P O K E D+ l , � : PO K E D , 2 5 5 : PO K E D + l , 4
: PO K E D , �
4 � CS $ = " ALARAUA D E L E R F I FO H LH R H U H D
" : C$="JB"
5 � PO ( l ) = B : P0 ( 2 ) = 4 : P0 ( 3 ) = l : P0 ( 4 )
=2 ' P I A
S I D E
B!
6 � P0 ( 5 ) = 8 : P0 ( 6 ) = 4 : P0 ( 7 ) = l : P0 ( 8 )
= 2 : P0 ( 9 } = 6 4 : PO ( l � ) = l 2 8 : PO ( l l ) = 3 2
: PO ( l 2 ) = 1 6 ' P I A
S I D E
A!
7 � CLS : P R I N T " * * * coco r obo t a r m
t e s t/demo • • * " ;
- - FUNCT I ON P E
8� P R I NT " CO M M A N D
RFORME D - - " ;
A
L
P
R
I
N
T
"
A R M L EFT
"ST
9�
R I NG $ ( l� , 1 2 8 )
l�� PRINT"
AR
ARM RIGHT " ;
ST R I NG $ ( 2 , 1 2 8 ) "
"C$ "
" ST R I NG $ (
2 , 128)
1 1� P R I N T "
AU
ARM UP
;
S T R I N G $ ( 2 , 1 2 8 ) ; : PR I NT U S I NG " X = H # #
# " ; I N T ( 6 . 5 * I ) ; : PR I NTST R I NG $ ( 2 , l 2
8)
AD
A R M DOWN
12� PRINT"
" ;
STR I NG $ ( l � , 1 2 8 )
ELBOW L E F T "
13� PRINT"
EL
14� PRINT "
E L BOW R I G H T
ER
1
15� PRINT"
1 6 � PRINT "
.
FI
FO
F I NGERS I N "
F I NGERS OUT
1 7 � P R I NT "
HL
HAND L E F T "
1 8 � PRINT"
HR
HAND RIGHT"
19� PRINT"
HU
HAND UP"
2�� PRINT"
HD
H A N D DOWN "
21� C$="
" : I NP U T " E N T E R COMMAN D .
. . " ;C$
2 2 � I F L EN ( C $ ) < > 2 T H E N 7 �
2 3 � I = I NS T R ( CS $ , C$ ) : I F I =� T H E N
7�
2 4 � I = ( I + l ) / 2 : I F I < 5 T HEN S I D E = & H
C � � 2 E L S E S I D E = & H C ���
2 5 � P R I NT@ 4 4 B , " P R E S S any K E Y TO
STOP F U N C T I ON " ;
2 6 � P O K E S I D E , POK ( I )
2 7 � A $ = I N K E Y $ : I FA $ = " " T H E N I = I + l : G
OT0 2 7 �
2 8 � P O K E C , � : PO K E D , � : GOTO 7 �
I f AR, AL, AU, or AD do not
function, you 'll have to add phantom
resistors to the circuit (see Fig. 5). I f
you hear a whirring sound, but see n o
movement, you 'll have to reposition
the motors so that they properly en­
gage with the drive gears. From left to
right as you face the robot arm, the
six motors control the movements of
the fingers , e l b o w , hand up and
down, hand left and right, arm left
and right, and arm up and down.
When you are sure that all func­
tions are operating properly, begin
determining the calibration factors .
Enter the FO command to move the
fingers all the way out. Then execute
F I , the opposite command, stopping
F(n)
Command
I
AL (arm left)
AR (arm right)
AU (arm up)
AD (arm down)
EL (elbow left)
ER (elbow righl)
Fl (fingers in)
FO (fingers out)
HL (hand left)
H R (hand right)
H U (hand up)
H D (hand down)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
I I
12
Molor*
POKE**
2
B, 8
2
I
B, 4
B, I
B, 2
I
5
5
6
6
3
3
4
4
A, 8
A, 4
A, I
A, 2
A, 64
A , 1 28
A, 32
A, 1 6
*Numbered 6- 1 from left t o right.
* * P IA side, decimal number, B = $C002;
A = $COOO .
Program L sting
i
I. Test and Determi­
nation of Calibration (R TD)
60
HOT CoCo
February 1985
Table I. List of Movement Commands
Robot Command
When you have revised all the fac­
tors, resave the program. Don't apply
power to the CoCo Arm until you
have run Listing 1 or 2. Otherwise the
PIA lines might not all be low, and
the robot arm will begin moving in
some manner. After you have run
Listing 2, apply power to the Arm by
plugging the power pack (cube) into
the wall and the power plug into J 1 .
The program asks you " Load P ro­
cedure File ( Y / N) ? " Press N. The
screen clears and d isplays the t i t l e
"Robot Commander ." Be\ow the ti-
tie you ' l l find " Help = I nstructions,
End To End . " Enter a command ,
such as HR 25. The CoCo Arm will
move according to your instructi on.
Make sure that there is a space be­
tween the command and the percent
of movement number.
Robot Commander lets you create
and use nested subprocedures within
a procedure or to call another proce­
dure from a procedure. The program
has five commands : Make, End, Do,
List, and Help. Use the Make com­
mand, followed by a blank space and
up to an eight-character name, to create
a file of the procedure that you want to
enter. The End command signals the
end of the Make function. The Do
command executes a procedure. List
All calls a display of all the names of
the procedures you have filed. Typing
List and the name of the procedure lists
all the commands in that procedure.
The program has two help screens
available through the Help command .
Use GOTO 30 to reenter a program if
you inadvertently end it.
The following test routines will help
you familiarize yourself with this pro­
gram. Enter "Make Test . " When you ·
see the make screen, enter the com­
m and s below. Press the enter key
a fter each command.
HR 20
FO 20
HL 25
FI IO
END
Press the enter key to return to the
command mode. Then enter " Do
Test. " The screen displays the mes­
sage " Executing Tes t . " When t h e
C o C o A r m finishes execu t i n g t h e
commands specified b y the test, the
program returns t o the command
mode. Now e n t e r " Ma k e Move . "
After the program displays the make
screen, enter the following commands.
t----- � 1 11 1 6'"------..
-l l-
110•
110·...I L
Fig. 4. Bl•nk Plate Machining Details
Fig. 5.
ment
"Phantom " Resistor A llach­
TEST
AL I O
TEST
ance programs, because the hardware
can be used for home contro l. One as­
pect of the series is the construction
of a Plug- ' N -Power-like controller. It
lets you control up to 48 remote re­
ceiving units through your electrical
wiring. As always, I ' ll be providing
complete construction details and
programming material . •
Address correspondence to James J.
Barbare/lo, RD 1, Box 241 H, Tennent
Road, Englishto wn, NJ 07726.
AR 1 0
END
Press the enter key to return to the
c o m m a n d mode a n d enter ' ' Do
Move. ' ' The CoCo Arm should move
left and right at 10 percent of full travel,
performing the test procedure in be­
tween. To revise a procedure, enter
"Make" and the name of the proce­
dure. The program informs you that a
file by this name already exists and asks
you if you would like to recreate the
file. If you respond Y for yes, the new
movement commands you enter super­
sede the previous ones, but are not per­
manent until you en ter "End" and
follow the Save procedure.
Connections
And What's Next
This project completes the ROM
Hacker series. I hope you have enjoyed
it as much as I have. I am pleased to
receive your calls and letters.
Many of you have run into a prob­
lem because Spectrum Projects has
been unable to provide the Master In­
terface cable and connector. Bob Ro­
sen of Spectrum said that everyone
who ordered these parts from Spec­
trum will receive a refund . An alter­
n ative source for the connector i s
Alpha Products (79-04 Jamaica Ave . ,
W o o d h a v e n , N Y 1 1 4 2 1 , 800-22 1 09 1 6). I t is also possible to make the
cable yourself from parts available at
your local Radio Shack store. If you
would like details about this, please
send me a legal-size, self-addressed,
stamped envelope.
My next hardware venture is based
on a completely di fferent concept. I
am presenting · a CoCo-based, handi­
capped-assistance system . It can pro­
vide the handicapped person with the
ability to gain control over his envi­
ronment at a cost that won't break
anyone ' s wallet. The series should
also be intriguing to readers who are
not interested in handicapped-assist-
Progr•m Listing 2. Robot Comm•nd
REM * *
COCO R O M H A C K E R
ROBOT COMM A N D E R ( RC )
2 R 8M * *
( C ) l 9 8 4 ,T . J . B .
J R EM * *
4 REM* *
Vl . l - 8 / 8 1 / 8 4
5 REM
1 8 C L S : PMODE S : P C L E A R l : C L E A R 8 8
8 8 : B L $ = ST R I NG $ ( 3 2 , 1 2 8 ) : D I M P $ ( 2 8 )
, P N $ ( 2 8 ) , P ( 28 ) , S ( 2 8 ) , P O ( l 2 ) , £' ( 1 2
)
28 C = & H C 8 8 8 : P O K E C + l , S : PO K E C , 2 5
5 : PO K E C + l , 4 : P O K E C , 8 : D = & H C 8 8 2 : P
O K E D + l , 8 : P OKE D , 2 5 5 : P O K E D + l , 4 : POK
E D , 8 : CS $ = " ALARAUA D E L 8 R E' I E' O H L H R H U
H D " : GO S U B 6 88
38 ? 0 ( 1 ) = 8 : P0 ( 2 ) = 4 : PO ( J ) � l : P0 ( 4 )
= 2 : P0 ( 5 ) = 8 : P0 ( 6 ) = 4 : P0 ( 7 ) = l : P0 ( 8 )
= 2 : P0 ( 9 ) = 6 4 : PO ( l 8 ) = 1 2 8 : P O ( l l ) = 3 2
: PO ( l 2 ) = 1 6 : E' ( l ) = 2 8 : E' ( 2 ) = 2 8 : E' ( ] ) =
1 8 : F ( 4 ) = 1 8 : F ( 5 ) = 1 2 : F ( 6 ) = 1 2 : E' ( 7 ) =
9 : F ( 8 ) = 9 : F ( 9 ) = 9 : F ( l8 ) =9 : F ( l l ) = l 8
: E' ( l 2 ) = 1 8 ' E' ( X ) = E'ACT/ 1 88 ( % )
4 8 CLS : P R I NT " R 0 B 0 T
C 0 M
M A N D E R " : P R I NT @ 3 2 , " ( h e l p = I N S
TRUCT I O N S , e n d T O E N D ) " : P R I NT B L $
1
5 8 P R I NT @ 9 6 , "
" C $ : P R I N T " " : I E' F =
1 T H E N E' = 8 : I F P N < >8 TH E N P R I NT @ l 6 8 , " P
R OC E D U R E S : " : FO R I = lTOPN : P R I NT L E F T
$ ( P N $ ( I ) + ST R I NG$ ( 7 , 3 2 ) , 8 ) ; : N E XT
68 P R I NT @ l 2 8 , ; : I N P U T C $ : I F C $ = " H
E L P " T H E N 5 88ELS E I E' I NSTR ( C $ , " M A K E
" ) < > 8T H E N 1 5 8 E L S E I E' I N STR ( C $ , " D O
" ) T H E N 3 88 E LS E I E' I N S T R ( C $ , " L I ST "
) < >8TH E N 4 88 E L S E I E'C $ = " EN D " T H E N 7 8
8
78 S = I NSTR ( C $ , " " ) : I E' S O ] T H E N 9
8 E L S E C C $ = LE F T $ ( C $ , 2 )
8 8 J = I NS T R ( C S $ , CC $ ) : I P J < >8 T H 8 N l 8
8
98 C $ = " CO M M A N D NOT RECOGN I Z E D " : G
OTO 5 8
1 8 8 J = ( J+ l ) /2 : T =VAL ( M I D$ ( C $ , 4 , 2 )
) : I E' T < l O R T > 9 9 T H E N 4 8
1 1 8 I E' J < 5 T H E N S I D E = & H C 8 8 2 E L S E
S I D E = & HC888
1 2 8 P O K E S I D E , PO ( J ) : E'OR I = lT O E' ( J
) * T : N E X T : P O K E C , 8 : P O K E D , 8 : GOTO 4
8
1 4 8 ' **MAKE**
1 5 8 S = I N S TR ( C $ , " " ) : A $ = L E E'T $ ( R I G
H T $ ( C $ , L E N ( C $ ) -S ) , 8 ) : C$ = " "
1 6 8 C L S : P R INT " ma k e p r o c e du r e : " ;
A $ : P R I NT B L $ ; : TM P = P N
1 7 8 I E' P N = 8 T H E N P N = l : P N $ ( l ) = A $ : GOT
· o 2 8 8 E L S E E'OR I = lT O P N : I P P N $ ( I ) < > A
$ T H E N N E X T : P N = P N + l : P N $ ( P N ) = A $ : GOT
0 2 88
1 8 8 P R I NT @ l 2 8 , " P R O C E D U R E E X I STS .
R EDO ( Y / N ) ? " ;
1 9 8 G O S U B 8 8 0 : I E' Q $ = " N " T H E NC $ = " R E
DO " + P N $ ( I ) + " A B O R T E D " : GOTO 48 E
LSE PN=I : P $ ( PN ) = " "
2 8 8 P R I NT @ l 2 8 , "
"C$ : PRINT" " : PR
Li.stint conti1111ed
February 1985
HOT CoCo
61
Listing continued
I NT @ l 6,'1 I
21P INPUT C$ : I F I NST R ( C S , " EN D " ) <
> P T H E N 2 6 P E L S E S = I NSTR ( C S , " " ) : I F S
= P T H E N 2 3P E L S E S = S - l : C C S = L E F T S
( CS I S )
2 2 P J = I N ST R ( CS S , CC S ) : I F J < > PTHENJ
= ( J+ l ) /2 : GOT0 2 4 P
2 3 P I F PN = P T H E N 2 9 P E L S E FO R I = l TOTMP
: I F C S = PN S ( I ) TH E N P S ( PN ) =P S ( PN ) +C H
RS ( I + l 27 ) : GO T 0 2 PPELS ENEXT : GOT0 2 9
p
2 4 P T= VA L ( R I G H T S ( CS , L EN ( C S ) - S ) ) :
I FT < lORT > 9 9 T H E N 2 1 P
2 5 P P S ( P N ) =P S ( PN ) + C H R S ( J ) +C H R S ( T
) : GOTO 2 P P
2 6 P P S ( PN ) =P S ( P N ) + C H R S ( 2 5 5 ) : P R I N
T @ 3 2 7 , " PROC EDU RE COMPLETE " : I FTMP
> PN T H E N PN=TMP
2 7 P P R INT @ 4 8 3 , " PR E S S enter TO CO
NTINUE . , . " ;
2 8 P CS=I NKEYS : I FCS=� "THEN28PELSE
IF ASC ( C S ) = l 3 T H E N 4 P E L S E 2 8 P
2 9 P C S = " COMMAND NOT RECOGN I Z E D " :
GOT0 2 M
3 P P I F PN=PT H E N 9 P E L S E FOR I = lTOPN : I
F I NSTR ( C S , PN S ( I ) ) = P T H ENNEXT : GOTO
9P
3 1 P CLS : P R I NT @ 3 2 4 , " EX ECUT I NG " ; P
NS ( I )
3 2P S=l : A S = PS ( I ) : S ( l ) = I : P = l : FO R I
= 2T0 2P : P ( I l =P : S ( I l =P : N EXT
3 3 P N=ASC ( M I DS ( AS , P , l ) ) : I F N = 2 5 5
THEN 37P
3 4 P I F N > l 2 7 T H E N 3 6 P E L S E T=ASC ( M I D
S ( A S , P+ l , l ) ) : I F N < STHEN S I D E = & H C
P P 2 E L S E S I D E = & H CPPP
3 5 P POKE S I D E , PO ( N ) : FOR X=l TO F
( N ) * T : N EXT : P O K E C , P : PO K E D , P : P = P
+ 2 : GOTO 3 3 P
3 6 P IF N > l 4 7 T H E N P O K E C , P : CS = " E
RROR " : GOTO 4 P E L S E N = N - 1 2 7 : P ( S ) =
P + l : S = S + l : P= l : AS = P S ( N ) : S ( S ) =N : GO
New From
Saguaro Software!
Eagle
A g1oph1c-enhonced lunar lander simulator. The
pilot breaks out of lunar ofbit and attempts a sott
landing on the lunar surface. Joysticks control
th1vst and crot1 ollitude and information is con­
tinually being displayed on horizontal and verti­
cal velocllies. acceleration values. vertical and
horizontal distances from target, fuel consump­
tion, and much more. On advanced levels. pro­
blems such as fuel leaks CJid computer screen
failures con provide hair-raising final approaches.
Disk version ollowschoiceof landing site between
Mars and Ea1th's Moon. Takeoffs from the surface
con be made and the upper stage placed bock
in orbit. The simulation is as educotionalos It is fun
and exciting. A great tool tor that future oslronauf
Of p;wsicist. 32K. 2 Joysticks reQuired. A\IOilable in
tape or on enhanced disk version. Tape - $24.95.
Disk or Amdek
•
$29.95.
Sketchpad
A graphics drawing program designed to provide
the computer hobbyist with easy manip:.Jlolion al
the pawerlul graphics coPobllilies of the CoCo.
Advooced pro- grammars con design graphics
screens and characters for Basic and ML
I
I
programs and games. In foci. Sketchpad was
used la create the graphics for "Eagle'" (see
above) 32K. 2 Joysticks and disk dnve reQu1red
Diii< or Amdek • $29 95.
The Digestive System
AA educational quiz game IOf 2 players tho!
covers d1fferenr aspects at the human d1gesfJve
system Each quesl1on Is assigned a paint value
re10!1ve to Its dlff1cully A fun v..'Oy lo learn about a
not�so fun subject 16K
The Circulatory System
Using the same formal as "The Digestive System "
this program covers the heorf. lungs, veins
artenes blood etc 16K
•
62
BOTH ONLY:
Tepe ·
$ 19.95. Disk er Amdek - $24.95.
HOT CoCo
February 1985
P R O C E D U R E ' N A M E ' " TA B ( 7 ) " ( EN D MA
KE W I T H I E N D I ) .
5 4 P P R I N T " SYNTA X : l i s t name " : P R I
NT " AC T I ON : L I ST P RO CE D U R E ' NA M E '
" : P R I NT : P R I NT : GOTO 2 7 P
C 0
6 P.'1 C L S : P R I N T " R 0 B 0 T
M M A N D E R " : P R I N T B L S : P R I NT @ l )
P , " LO A D P R O C E D U R E F I L E ( Y/ N ) ? . . .
TO 3 3 P
3 7 P S=S-l : I FS=PTHEN4P E L S E A S = P S
( S ( S ) ) : P= P ( S ) : GOT0 3 3 P
3 9 P ' * * L I ST * *
4 P P S = INSTR ( CS , " " ) : A S = R I G H T S ( C S
, L EN ( CS ) - S ) : C S = " "
4 1 P FOR I = lTOPN : I F A S < > PN S ( I ) TH E N N
EXT : CS = " PR O C E D U R E N O T AVA I LA B L E "
: F= l : GOT0 4 P
4 2 P C LS : P R I N T " p r o c e d u r e : " A S : A S =
;
.
6 1 P G O S U B B PP : I F Q S = " N " T H E N RETUR
NELSEGOSUB9PP
6 2 P P R I NT @ 2 6 4 , " S E A RC H I NG . . . " : OP E
N " I " , # - l , " A R M DATA " : P R I NT @ 2 6 4 , " LO
A D I N G . . . " : I N P UT # - 1 , P N
6 3 P F O R I = lTOPN : I N P UT # - 1 , PN S ( I ) , L
: FO RJ = l TO L : I N P UT # - 1 , DAT : P S ( I ) = PS
( I ) +C H R S ( DAT ) : N E X TJ , I : C L OS E : RETU
RN
7P.'1 C L S : P R I N T " R 0 B 0 T
C 0 M
M A N D E R " : P R I NTB L S : P R I N T @ l 3
� , " SAVE PROC E D U R E F I L E ( Y/ N ) . . . •
: I F PN = P T H EN Q S = " N " E L S E G O S U B B P P
7 1 P I FQS = " N " TH EN Q S = " NO S AV E . " : G
OT07 3 P
7 2 P GOSUB 9 PP : P R I NT@ 2 6 4 , " SA V I NG . .
. " : OP E N " O " , # - l , " A R M D A TA " : P R I NT # 1 , P N : FOR I = lT OP N : X = L E N ( P S ( I ) ) : P R I
NT # - 1 , P N S ( I ) , X : FO R J = lTOX : D= A S C ( M
I D S ( PS ( I ) , J , l ) ) : PR I N T i - 1 , D , : NEXT
J , I : C LOS E : Q S = " DO N E . "
7 3 ,'1 P R I NT@ l 3 P , Q S ; " PR O G R A M E N D E D .
" : P R I NT " " : P R I N T @ 2 5 8 , " ( EN T E R GOT
0 3P TO R E E N T E R ) " : P R I N T @ 3 6 P , ; : E N
D
BPP QS=INKEYS : I FQS=' " THENBPP
B l P I FQS < > " Y " AN D QS < > " N " TH E N B P P E L
S E R ETURN
9�,'1 P R I NT@ l 3 P , " P R E P A R E C A S S E TTE
R E C O R D E R " : P R I N T @ l 6 2 , " P R ES S e n t e r
WHEN READY . . . "
9 1 P Q S = I N K E Y S : I F Q S = ' " T H E N 9 1 .'1
9 2 P I F A S C ( QS ) < > l 3T H E N 9 2 P E L S E R E T
URN
P S ( I ) : I F A S =C H R S ( 2 5 5 ) TH E N P R I NT " / E
N D " : GOT02 7 p
4 3 P FOR I = lTOLEN ( A S ) - l : I FA SC ( M I D S
( A S , I , 1 ) ) < 1 2 7 T H ENJ=ASC ( M I D S ( AS , I
, 1 ) ) : P R I NT M I D S ( CS S , J * 2 - l , 2 ) ; : I = I
+ l : P R I NTASC ( M I D S ( A S , I , l ) ) ; C H R S ( 8
) " / " ; : GOT04 5 P
4 4 P P R I NTPNS ( ASC ( MI D S ( A S , I , l ) ) - 1
2 7 ) . /" ;
4 5 P N E X T : PR I NT " EN D " : GOT0 2 7 �
s p p C LS : PR I NT " * * * * * * * * * * * H E L
P * * * * * * * * * * * * " : P R I N T " MOVEMENT C
OMMAND SYNTAX= XX YY
X X = C M D , YY
=% F U L L RANGE ( 1 - 9 9 )
" : P R I NT " c m
d --a c t i o n - - " , " c md - - a c t i o n - - " : P
R I N T " A L = A R M L E FT " , " F I = F I NG E R S
I N " : P R I N T " A R = A R M R I G HT " , " FO = F I
NGERS OUT "
5 1 P PRINT" AU=ARM U P " , " H L = H A N D
L E FT " : P R I NT " A D = AR M DOWN " , " H R = H
A N D R IG H T " : P R I N T " E L = ELBOW L E FT "
, •
H D= H A N D DOWN " : PR I NT " E R = ELBOW
R I G HT " , " H U = H A N D U P " : P R I NT : P R I N
T " A SPACE m u s t S EPARATE x x A N D y
y. "
5 2 P P R I N T @ 4 8 5 , " P R E S S e n t e r FOR M
ORE . . . " ; : GOSUB 9 1 P
5 3 P P R I NT@ 6 4 , " D I R ECT COMMAN D S : D
0 , MAK E , L I S T
" : P R I NT " SYNTA X : d
0 n a me " : P R I NT " AC T I ON : DO ES PROCE
D U R E ' NA ME ' " : P R I NTTAB ( 7 ) " ( NA M E <
= 8 C H A RACTERS ) . " : P R I N T " SYNTA X :
make name " : P R I NT " ACTION : M A K E S A
Reid On Boordcnovkc
Your mission. should you decide to accept
11. 1s ta steal Russia's newest weapon and
save the wo1ld. Text adventure with 50
rooms. Tope - 524.95. Disk Of Amdek -
$29.95
Secrcn For The Llcngth
Mer years of sludy & searching. you have
01 losl floced the alien race of Uongth to
!his valley Now your quest for the power cf
Llongth begins! Tape
S2A.95. Disk or
Amdek - 529.95
-
Loveless Menor
Trapped in a bedroom by your evil aunt.
you've admired Queen Cinderella's castle
in !he distance...ond you've jusl dis­
covered she's o distant cousin. Con you
escape to her protection? 32K. Great wad
adventure. Tq::ie - $19.95.
or Amdek -
Disk
S2d.95
END
OTHXO .
Othel!O · machine language game for the
16K Co-Co. 2 modeso: play - you against a
fliend or you against the computer. When
plaving the computer. It will play hard or
easy. In either. you hod better think hard!
Object of the game Is lo change the
opponent's spots to yours by placing your
marker al the end of a row started by yoUJ
mor�er. Nol as easy as it sounds! Tope -
$24.95. Disk or Amdek
·
$29.95.
our graphic chorocler through desert,
mountains and city to seek the illusive
treasure 01 gold. Super graphics with a
person who walks wilt-, you at each turn.
Disk or Amdek only - 529.95.
Do or Diel
The year is d001 AD You are a cargo
I rucker de\Lvering a 1000 in the Do1fion star
system. Your mission is to get bock lo yOUJ
home planet of !rot. olive. Cm you su1vive
the journey? Tope - S2A.95. Disk or Amdek -
$29.95.
Co-Co llecelvcbles
Keep track of all those accounts wilh
current list of occounfs. statement printing.
last activity date. and cuuent month's
transactions, debits & credits. Disk storage
cl data. 32K disk. 529.95.
A Better Price,
Show Us ... We'll Beat It!
New!
just than This tutorial uses 25 of the
superstars of
American
history, from
George Washington to Ronolrl Reagan.
Bot11e of Vicksburg. Points ore assigned
according to the difficulty of the question.
scaes ore dlsployed throughout the
game.
Both Only: Tepe
- $19.95
Move-It
Disk
•
$24.95
Co-Co 1 1 5.95
Kidstuf
19.95
CONFUSION
Tope 19.95
Ultimate Bingo
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Color 300 • Color 500
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Circle
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Siers Of Amerlc9
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Disk Drive
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A challenging two - person game
Questions cover Carpel baggers to the
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$J50
History From 1 863 to 1 976
On two 16K non-extended lopes. For 1-d
peop!e, Informative & fun way to learn
imparton I dates in world history. Written for
students by a teacher. Tope - 519.95. Disk
Education should be fun - this p-ogrom is
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A g1aph1cs text adventure. You walk with
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•
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I
O RDER ENTRY SYSTEM
"If you are looking for a program ro keep rrack o fyour safes and print
Rainbow, Feb. ' 84
invoices, rhen this one wi ll take care of rhose needs quite well.. . A good program rhat
would serve the invoicing needs of a small company quire nicely. ··
The Mark Data Producls sales order processi n g syslem provides a fast, efficient means
IO
enler orders, print shipping papers and i n v oices, prepare sales reports, and monilor
receivables. The system automatically enhances 1he moni1or screen to a 51 character by 24
l i n e di�play. 32K o f memory is requifed along w i 1 h a n 60-col u m n primer a n d o n e or more
•
•
•
•
•
•
disc drives.
The Color Computer Supercharger
The MOP Order Entry System is a family of programs which opera1e interaclively by means
A big 52 character by 24 l i n e screen
of a ' ' m e n u " selection scheme. Up 1 0 900 produc1s ma"y Qe defined and a single disc sys1em
'PRINT @ ' is fully implemen1ed on the big screen
can hold over 600 lransactions. When 1 he operator selecls a lask 1 0 be performed, 1 h e
a
Easil)' combine text with Hi-res graphics
compuler l o a d s
Auto·k.ey repeal for greater keyboard convenience
disc coniains a l l of 1he programs required to crea1e, update a n d main1ain da1a files a n d
The ' O N ERROR GOTO' sta1emen1 is fully implemented
prepare 1he necessary paperwork i n c l u d i n g shipping a n d invoice forms, d a i l y sales
Conirol codes for addi1ional func1ion
repor1s, a mon1hly {or other period) sales report a n d a receivables report
Super Screen comes w i t h complete. well de1ailed instructions a n d is available o n cas!>elle
or disc. 1 1 adju!>I!> automatically to a n y 1&K o r greater. Extended o r Disc basic Color
Computer or TDP-100 and u!>es only 2 K o f memory in addi1ion 1 0 the screen memory
program designed to h a n d l e 1 h a t t a s k f r o m l h e syslem d i s c . The syscem
This order enlry software equals or exceeds higher priced packages for other compu1ers
a n d include• a de1ailed operaling manual.
ONLY
599.95
reserved during power up. Guaranteed lo be lhe most frequently used program in your
sohware l i b r a r y. . . once you use it, you won't be without i t !
H o l CoCo, Jan. '84
"Super Screen represents a quality utility program that fills a definite
need for the seriou.s CoCo user. No olher programs o n the marker .so far have offe red the
e"or-trapping utility of Super Screen. "
Color Computer Magazine, May ' 84
"Super Screen is a worthy addition to a n yone's
software library. ft has become my most used utility and has made programming in BASIC
on rhe Color Compwer a joy.
Cassette
529.95
..
Disc
EASY- F I LE
532.95
Data M a n a g e m e n t S y stem
•
N e e d a good m a i l i n g l i s t or cus1omer l i s l program? H o w a b o u l a program 1 0 keep
track of your investmenis. your compu1er m a g a zines, o r record collec1ionr Do you
have an i nventory of all household ilems for insurance p u r poses? EASY-FILE will do
all of 1hese things and many more.
•
EASY-FILE
makes da1a m.maging a breeze wi1h single key menu selec1ions,
extensive error handling procedures, a demonstra1ion da1a file and a detailed, easy
10 understand ins1ruc1ion m a n u .11.
•
EASY-FILE is powerful too. It au1oma1ically e n h a nces your monilOr screen to a full
upper a n d lower case 51 characler by 24 line display.EASY-FILE a l lows u p 1 0 30da1a
fields and provides password file pro1ection. selectable numeric totalling, and
complete data searching and edi1ing capabili1ies. Y o u can quickly enter, locale,
review and modify daca records. and even uansfer records from one file 10 another.
•
Sorting? You be1� EASY-FILE allows you 1 0 sort up to S levels of d a 1 a and allows you
10 define upper and lower limi1s as w e l l . You can sort in m a n y different ways a n d
s a v e 1he results in i n d i v i d u a l i n d e x f i l e s . T h e s e index files may be used laler 1 0
O N LY
$64.95*
•
Computers produced aher approximately October 1982 require an
additional keyboard plug adapter. Please add $4.95.
ACCO U NTI N G SYSTEM
determine w h a t will appear on y o u r p r i n t e d reports.
•
Reports are easily prepared wilh EASY-FILE because i t offers so many au1omatic
fealures. There is no need
!O
genera le complex report forms. W i t h EASY-FILE you
simply select from a list of op1ions 1 0 de1ermine what your report a n d header will
look like. There a r e coun1 less variations. EASY-fllE lakes care of 1 a b stops a n d field
spacing automatically. Prepare horizon1al repons (80 or 132 columns), vertical
reports or labels! Save your f avorile report formals right in a d a t a f i l e so 1hey may be
•
"Considering what i t can d o t o organiz.e a small business, i t i s quite a
Hut CoCo, June '84
" ... a serious, professional accounting program and well worth it1
used whe never you need 1hem.
price. The progra�ns are comp/ere and 5imple to us. e. "
The EASY-FILE masler disc a n d inslructions are packaged i n a n a 1 1 rac1ive 3-ring
The Mark Data Producls Accounling Sys1em is ideal for 1 h e small blisinessman needing a
binder. Requires 32K a n d
least one disc drive.
a!
Order yours now! Get organized for only
�t�'-
559.951
fas1, efficien1 means 10 process income and expenses, prepare de1ailed reports a n d
m a i n i a i n mos1 of 1he i n f o r m a t i o n required a l 1 a x 1ime. The sys1 e m i s a f a m i l y of programs
which operate by means of a " m e n u " selection scheme. When 1he operator selec1s a 1ask
10 perform. 1 he compuler loads a program designed 10 handle 1hat task from 1he system
U N IVERSAL V I DEO DRIVER
Carefully engi neered t o work with ALL
Color Computer models, i n c l u d i n g 1he new
COCO l l
ENABLES YOUR COCO T O OPERATE WITH A VIDEO MONITOR INSTEAD
O F A TELEVISION
• Works with
•
Rainbow, Mily '84
value."
Monochrome Monitors!
Works w i 1 h Color Monitors!
•
•
•
Creal Price! ONLY
Audio Connec1ion Included!
Easy I n s t a l l a t i o n - N o Soldering!
529.95
disc. The syslem disc conlains all o f 1he programs required 1 0 creale, upda1e and m a i n l a i n
d a 1 a files a o d p r e p a r e 1he n e c e s s a r y acco u n 1 i n g reports i n c l u d i n g a 1 r a n s a c t i o n j o u r n a l ,
a P & L o r income r e p o r t , a n i n 1 e r i m or 1 r i a l b a l a n c e a n d a b a l a n c e s h e e t .
U p 1 0 2 5 5 separa1e accounts may be d e f i n e d a n d a s i n g l e d i s c sys1em c a n hold over 1, 400
1ransac1ions. This system automa1ically enhances 1 h e moni1or screen 10 a 51 characler by
24 l i n e display. 32K of memory is required a l o n g w i t h an 80-column printer and one or
more disc drives.
This acco u n 1 i n g sohware e q u a l s o r exceeds higher priced packages for other computers
a n d include• a de1ailed opera 1 i n g manual.
N EW 24
ONLY
599.95
page cata l o g !
24001 A L I C I A P K WY . , N O . 207 • M I S S I O N V I EJO, CA 92691 • (714) 768- 1 551
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IC8502
-
-J
HOME/HOBBY
BY BILL REED
ATTENTION SHOPPERS !
Protect yourselffrom surprises at the checkout counter
by planning your shopping purchases on your CoCo.
D
o you ever do this? You go
shopping, you reach the check­
out register, and then you go into
shock when you see the total ring up?
You vow that next time you'll make a
System Requirements
32K Extended Color Basic
Cassette or Disk
Printer Optional
Frank Cordelie photo
shopping list and add up all the prices
of the items . What a chore!
With this shopping program, making
the shopping list is a breeze. If you have
a printer, the computer prints out your
shopping list, complete with individual
prices and totals. Your shopping list
looks much like the list you receive from
the computerized checkout registers.
Selecting Items
The item selection screen displays 1 5
grocery items a t a time. You enter your
selections at the bottom of the screen.
To select an item, enter the number
shown at the left of that item, and then
enter the number of units you want. I f
you want t o change t h e listed price, en­
ter it next. If you just press the enter key
at this point, the price won't change. I f
you don't know how many units of an
item you're going to buy, enter " 1 " ,
and then the total amount you plan to
spend for that item. This works well for
items that are sold by the pound, such
as bananas. The grand total of all items
February 1985
HOT CoCo
65
selected appears at the bottom right of
the screen. This total changes every time
you select an item.
Making Changes
You may find yourself spending a
larger t o t a l a m o u n t t h a n you had
planned. Then you look for items to
take off the list. Go back to the item you
decide to remove from your list, enter
the item number, and enter zero units.
The cost of that item will be subtracted
from your total. You can also change
the number of units of any item, and the
totals will be recalculated.
I 've set up control keys to scroll
through the lis t. The up arrow moves
up a full page, the down arrow moves
down a full page, the left arrow moves
up half a page, and the right arrow
moves down half a page. If you enter
a letter, the list starts with that letter
at the top of the screen. For example,
if you ' re at the beginning of your list
and you want to select spaghetti, enter
" S " . The first item that begins with S
will appear at the top of the screen.
Printing the List
When y ou ' re fin i s hed w i t h your
1 2 JJJJ F L $ = " SH O P L I S T "
1 2 l jJ OP EN " I " , l - l , F L$
1 2 3 jJ I N PUT # - l , F $ ( I ) , N ( I ) , P ( I ) , E
( I ) ,T
l 2 5 JJ CLOSE # - l : M X = I - l : PT R = l
9 5 JJ JJ F L $ = " SHOP L I ST " : OP E N " 0 " , # - 1
, FL$
9 5 l jJ F O R I = 1 T O 1 5 jJ : P R I NT # - l , F $
( I ) ,N(I) ,P(I) ,E( I ) ,T
9 5 2 JJ CLOS E # - l : E N D
Table I . Changes for Using a Casselle File
shopping list, press the s h i ft and clear
keys . This step avoids accidentally
printing out the list b efore you ' re
ready. Y o u are t h en p r o m p ted to
make sure that your printer is ready.
The program prints out all the items
that have a number of u nits greater
than zero. At the end of the list, the
grand total is printed, and a form feed
is sent to the printer. All you do then
is tear off your list, and you're ready
to head for the store.
If you put your shopping list in a file,
you can change the prices or add new
items. To use a cassette file, make the
changes as shown in Table I . •
A ddress correspondence t o Bifl
Reed, 429 Brooksboro Terrace, Nash­
ville, TN 3 72 1 7.
Program Listing. Shopping
5JJ CLEAR SJJJJ
6jJ GOSUB 5 JJ JJ : ' I N I T I A L I ZATIONS
7 JJ A $ = I N KE Y $ : I F A $ = " " THEN 7 JJ
8 jJ I F A $ > = " JJ " A N D A $ < = " 9 " T H E N G
OSUB 4lJIJJJ
9 JJ IF A $ > = " A " AND A $ < = " Z " THEN S
O UNDljJ JJ , l : GO SU B 7 JJJJ JJ
l jJ JJ I F A $ • S C $ T H E N GOSUB 5 jJ JJ JJ : GO
TO 1 3jJ
l l JJ IF A $ • F l $ OR A $ = F 2 $ OR A $ = B l
$ O R A $ • B 2 $ T H E N GOSUB 3jJJJJJ
12jJ GOTO 7 JJ
1 3 jJ E N D
s a e ' * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
5 1 JJ ' I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N S
529 ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * *
5 3 jJ CLS 1 P R I NT @ 6 * 3 2 + 5 , "
O N E MOME
N T PLEASE . . . • ;
5 4 jJ D I M F $ ( 1 6 jJ ) , N ( l 6 JJ ) , P ( l 6 JJ ) , E (
1 6 jJ )
S S JJ F l $ •C H R $ ( 1 JJ ) : F 2 $ =C H R $ ( 9 )
5 6 JJ B l $ •C H R $ ( 9 4 ) : B 2 $ c C H R $ ( 8 )
5 7 jJ S C $ • C H R $ ( 9 2 )
5 8 JJ P $ • " %
%
U
#1.U
.... ,..
5 9 JJ L $ • " t f t
... . ...
%
% Ill
II.II
6jJJJ C U R $ • C H R $ ( 1 7 5 )
6 1 JJ F OR ! E l TO 1 6 jJ
6 2 JJ R E A D F $ ( I ) , P ( I )
6 3 jJ I F F $ ( I ) � " EN D " T H EN 6 5 jJ
6 4JJ NEXT I
6 5 jJ MX • I - l 1 PTREl
6 6JJ GOSUB ljJIJIJ
67jJ GOSUB 2jJJJJJ
68JJ R E T U R N
l9gg ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * E
D I T l jJ JJ JJ
l jJ l JJ ' P R I NT T I T L E S C R EE N
i92g ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
1 JJ 3 JJ CLS 1 P R I NT @ 3 2+8 , " S H 0 P P I
N G" 1
l jJ 4 jJ P R I N T @ 3 * 3 2+ 9 , " CONTROL K E Y S "
I
UP
l jJ S JJ P R I �T @ 4 * 3 2 , "
A R R OW UP
l PAGE "
*
l jJ 6 JJ P R I NT @ 5 3 2 , "
DOWN ARROW DOWN l P AG E "
L E FT ARROW l jJ 7 JJ P R I N T @ 6 * 3 2 , "
UP
1 / 2 PAG E "
*
l jJ 8 jJ P R I NT @ 7 3 2 , "
RGHT ARROW DOWN 1 / 2 P AG E "
*
l jJ 9 JJ P R I N T @ 9 3 2 , "
ANY LETTER STARTS AT L E T T E R " ;
l l jJ JJ P R I N T @ l jJ * 3 2 + 1 , " < SH I F T > C L E A R
66
HOT CoCo
February 1985
- P R I NT L I S T "
l l l JJ P R I NT @ l 3 * 3 2+ 1 , " EN T E R I T E M
, H O W MANY , P R I C E "
1 1 2 JJ P R I N T @ l 5 * 3 2 , "
P R E S S ANY
K EY TO START " ;
l l 3 JJ I $ = I N K EY $ : I F I $= " " T H EN 1 1 3
JJ
1 1 3 5 CLS : P R I N T @ 6 8 , " l . LOAD F I L E ?
" : PR I NT @ l 3 2 , " 2 . CONT I N U E ? "
1 1 3 6 P R I NT @ 4 9 9 , " T Y P E l O R 2 " ; : GO
S U B 9 jJ l jJ
1 1 3 7 I F A A < l OR AA>2 THEN 1 1 3 5
1 1 3 9 C LS : ON A A GOTO 1 2 JJJJ , 2 JJ JJ JJ
l l 4 JJ R ETURN
1 2jJJJ F L $ = " S H O P L I ST/DAT"
1 2 l jJ OPEN " I " , # l , F L$
1 2 1 5 FOR I = l TO 1 5 jJ
1 2 2 JJ I F EOF ( DV ) = - 1 T H E N 1 2 5 JJ
1 2 3 jJ I N P UT # l , P $ ( I ) , N ( I ) , P ( I ) , E (
I),T
1 2 4 jJ N EXT I
1 2 5 jJ CLOSE # l : MX = I - l : PTR= l
2999 ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
2 jJ l JJ ' P R I NT GROCERY I T E M S
2029 ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
2 jJ 3 jJ C L S
2jJ 4jJ FOR I =JJ TO 1 4
2 jJ 5 jJ I F PTR+ I > M X THEN 2 jJ 8 JJ
2 jJ 6 jJ P R I N T U S I NG L $ ; PT R+ I , F $ ( PT R
+ I ) , N ( PTR+I ) , P ( PTR+I ) , E ( PT R+ I )
2 jJ 7 JJ N EXT I
P"
N
2 jJ 8 JJ P R I NT @ l 5 * 3 2 , " I f
2 jJ 9 JJ P R I NT @ l 5 * 3 2 + 2 jJ , US I NG " TO T $ # #
# M . # # " ; T ; : P R I NT@ l 5 * 3 2+ 3 , CU R $ ;
2 l jJ JJ R ETURN
3 99 0 ' ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
3 jJ l JJ ' S C R O L L ING ROUT I N E
3929 • •••••••••••••••••••••••••
3 jJ 3 JJ I F A $ = F l $ T H E N 0 1 = 1 5
3 jJ 4 JJ I F A $ = F 2 $ T H E N 0 1 = 7
3 JJ 5 JJ I F A $ = B l $ T H E N O l = - 1 5
3 jJ 6 jJ I F A $ = B 2 $ T H E N O l = - 7
3 jJ 7 JJ I F PTR+O l > M X T H E N P T R = M X - 0 1
E L S E PTR=PTR+Ol
3jJ8JJ IF PTR < l THEN PTR=l
3jJ9JJ GOSUB 2 jJ JJ JJ
3 1 JJ JJ R E T U R N
4999 ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
4 JJ 1 JJ ' EN T ER I T E M R , U N I T S , P R I C E
4 9 20 ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
4 jJ 3 jJ S 9 = 1 5 * 3 2+ 3 : E 9 = 1 5 * 3 2+ 6 : P 9 = 1 5
* 3 2 + 3 : L N = 3 : TY $ = " N " : C8 $ = A $ : C9 $ = " "
: GOSUB 6 2 l jJ : I T = C 9
4 jJ 4 jJ I F I T > M X T H E N S O U N D 2 JJ , 2 : GO
TO 4 1 JJJJ
4 jJ 5 jJ T = T - E ( I T )
4 jJ 6 JJ S 9 = 1 5 * 3 2 + 9 : L N= 2 : T Y $ = " N " : GOS
UB 6 jJ JJJJ : N ( I T ) = C 9
4 jJ 7 JJ S 9 = 1 5 * 3 2+ 1 4 : L N= 5 : TY $ = " N " : GO
S U B 6 � �JJ : I F C 9 $ < > " " T H E N P ( I T ) =C
9
4 jJ8 JJ E ( I T ) = N ( IT ) * P ( I T )
4 � 9 JJ T=T+E ( I T )
4 1 JJJJ G O S U B 2 JJ JJ JJ
4 l ljJ R E T U R N
s 9 a 0 ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * **
5 jJ l jJ ' P R I NT S H OP P I NG L I ST
5920 1 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
5 JJ 3 JJ ' S ET U P P R I NT E R
5 jJ 4 JJ POK E 1 5 jJ , 8 7 : ' 6 JJ JJ
BAUD
5 jJ 5 JJ C L S : P R I NT @ 6 8 , " l . H ARDCOPY ? "
: P R I NT @ l 3 2 , " 2 . SAVE F I L E ? "
5 JJ 5 5 P R I NT @ 4 9 9 , " T Y P E l O R 2 " ; : G
O S UB 9 JJ 1 JJ
5 JJ 6 JJ I F A A < l O R AA > 2 T H E N 5 JJ 5 JJ
5 jJ 6 5 C L S : ON A A GOTO 5 jJ 9 jJ , 9 5 jJ JJ
5jJ9JJ F O R I = l TO M X
5 l jJJJ I F N ( I ) > JJ T H E N P R I NT # - 2 , US I
N G P$ ; F $ ( I ) , N ( I ) , P ( I ) , E ( I )
5 l l jJ N EX T I
5 1 2 JJ P R I NT # - 2 , C H R$ ( l jJ )
5 1 3 JJ P R I NT # - 2 , U S I N G " TOTAL COST $
$ ## . # # " ;T
5 1 4 jJ P R I NT # - 2 , C H R $ ( 1 2 ) : ' P A G E E J E
CT
5 1 5 JJ R ET U R N
699� ' * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * *
6 jJ l JJ ' I N K E Y I NPUT SU BROUT I N E
6020 · ······•** * � * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
6 jJ 3 jJ P 9 = S 9 : E 9 = S 9 + L N : C 9 $ = " "
6 jJ 4 jJ P R I NT @ P 9 , CU R $ ;
6 JJ 5 JJ C 8 $ = I NK E Y $ : I F C 8 $ = " " T H EN 6
jJ 5 jJ E L S E C 8 = A SC ( C8 $ )
6 jJ 6 jJ I F C 8 < 3 2 A N D C 8 < > 8 A N D C S < >
9 A N D C 8 < > 1 3 T H E N 6 jJ 5 jJ
6 JJ 7 JJ I F C 8 < > 1 3 T H E N 6 JJ 9 JJ
6 jJ 8 jJ P R I NT @ P 9 , " " ; : C 9 = V A L ( C9 $ ) : R
ET URN
6 JJ 9 JJ IF C 8 < > 8 THEN
6 1 4 JJ
6 l jJJJ I F P 9 = S 9 T H E N 6 JJ 5 JJ
6 1 1 JJ I F P 9 > S 9 + 1 T H E N C 9 $ = L E F T $ ( C
9 $ , LEN ( C 9 $ ) - l ) ELSE C9 $ = " "
6 1 2 JJ P R I NT @ P 9 , " " ; : P 9 = P 9 - l : P R I NT
@ P 9 , CU R $ ;
6 1 3 JJ GOTO 6 jJ 5jJ
6 1 4 JJ IP C 8 < > 9 THEN
6 1 9 jJ
6 1 5 JJ I F P 9 = E 9 T H E N 6 jJ 5 jJ
6 1 6 JJ P R I NT @ P 9 , " " ; : P 9 = P 9 + l : P R I NT
@ P 9 , CU R $ ;
Usting continued
listing continued
6 1 7 8 C9S=C 9 S + " "
6 1 B 8 GOTO 6 8 5 8
6 1 9 8 I F P9 = E 9 T H E N 6 8 5 8
6 2 8 8 I F TYS = " N " T H E N I F ( CB S > = " 8
" AND C B S < = " 9 " ) O R C B S = " . " O R CB
$=" + " O R C B S = " - " T H E N 6 2 1 8 E L S E
6858
6 2 1 8 C9S=C9S+CBS
6 2 2 8 P R I NT @ P 9 , C B S ; : P 9 = P 9 + l : P R I N T
@ P 9 , C URS ;
6 2 3 8 GOTO 6 8 5 8
7 SS � ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * • • • •· • • • • • •
7 8 1 8 ' G O T O F I RST L ETTER
7 S2S ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
7 8 3 8 FOR I = l TO MX
7 8 4 8 IF LEFT S ( F S ( I ) , l ) = A S T H E N P
TR= l : GOT0 7 8 B 8
7 8 5 8 I F LEFTS ( F S ( I ) , l ) >A S T H E N P
T R= I - l : GOTO 7 8 B 8
7 8 6 8 N EX T I
7 8 7 8 PTR= I - 1
7 8 B 8 I F PTR < l T H E N P T R = l
7 8 9 8 G O S U B 2 8n
7 1 88 RETURN
B�SS ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
B 8 1 8 ' GROCERY I TEMS
BS2S ' * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
B 8 3 8 DATA A L UMN F O I L , 1 . 7 5 , A P P L E
J U I C , 1 . 5 9 , A PPLE S , . 2 5 , A PPLESAU C E ,
. 99
B 8 3 2 DATA A S P I R I N , 1 . 5 9 , B ABY FOOD
, . 3 9 , B ACON , 2 . 1 9 , B AK POWDER , . 7 9
B 8 3 4 DATA B A K SODA, . 7 9 , BANANAS , .
4 9 , BATHR T I S S , 1 . 2 9 , B BQ SAUCE , 1 . 1
9
B 8 3 6 DATA B E E R , 3 . 6 9 , B I SC U I TS , . 3 9
, BL E A CH , . 9 9 , BOLOGNA , l . 9 9
B 8 3 B DATA B R E AD , . 5 9 , B R K F ST D R K , 2
. 6 9 , CA K E FROST , 1 . 89 , CA K E M I X , 1 . 8
9
B 8 4 8 DATA CANDY , . 3 5 , CAT FOOD , 2 . 5
9 , CA T L I TTER , 1 . 9 9 , CATSU P , l . 5 9
B 8 4 2 DATA C E R E A L , 1 . 7 9 , C HARCOAL , 2
. 9 9 , C HEES E , 2 . 5 9 , C H I C K EN , . 9 9
B 8 4 4 DATA C H I L I , . B 5 , C H I P B E E F , l .
3 9 , C H I P D I P , . B 9 , C HO C C H I PS , l . B 9
B 8 4 6 DATA C I G ARETTES , . 9 � , C I NNAMO
N , 1 . 9 9 , C L E A N E R , l . 9 9 , COCOA , l . 9 9
B 8 4 B DATA C O F F E E - C A N , 5 . 5 B , CO F F E E
- I N S , 3 . 4 5 , CO LA , 2 . 2 9 , C OO K I E S , l . 9 9
B 8 5 8 DATA COR N , . 5 5 , CORN ME A L , 1 . 1
9 , CR A C K E R S , 1 . 1 5 , C R E A M E R , l . 6 3
B � 5 2 DATA C R E S C R O L L , . 6 9 , C R M C H E
E S E , . 5 5 , C U B E STEAK , 3 . 6 9 , D EODORAN
T , l . lB
B 8 5 4 DATA D E T E R G E NT , 2 . 5 9 , D I S H L I
Q , l . B 9 , DOG FOO D , 2 . 5 9 , D R E S S I NG , l .
99
B 8 5 6 DATA EG G S , 1 . 2 9 , F A B R I C S O F , l
. 9 9 , F I S H , l . B 9 , F LOU R , . B 9
. B 8 5 B DATA F R N C H F R YS , 1 . 1 9 , F R O Z D
I N N R , 1 . 7 9 , F R U I T DRN K , . 7 9 , F R U I T - C
AN, . 69
B 8 6 8 DATA GA R L I C , . 9 9 , G E LAT I N , . 3 9
, G I N G E R , l . 9 9 , G RAHAM C R K , 1 . 2 9
B 8 6 2 DATA G R E E N B E A N , . 5 5 , G R N D B E
E F , l . 2 9 , H A � , 1 . 1 9 , HOT DOGS , 2 . 89
B 8 6 4 DATA I C E CREA M , 2 . 5 9 , J E L LY , .
B 9 , L E T T U CE , . B 9 , L I G HT B U L B , 2 . 7 9
B 8 6 6 DATA MAC & C H E E S E , . 4 9 , MA C E , l .
9 9 , MARGAR I N E , l . 8 9 , M AT C H ES , . 7 9
B 8 6 B DATA MAYONNA I S E , 1 . 6 9 , M I L K , l
. 9 9 , M O Z C H E E S E , 2 . 8 9 , MUSHROOMS , 2 .
99
B 8 7 8 DATA MUSTARD , . 4 9 , NUTMEG , l . 9
9 , 0ATMEA L , 2 . 4 B , O L I V E S , . 9 9
B 8 7 2 DATA O N I O NS , . 3 9 , 0 RANG J U I C ,
1 . 8 9 , 0 RANG E S , . 2 5 , 0V E N C LN R , 1 . 5 9
B 8 7 4 DATA P A P E R NAP K , . 9 3 , PA P E R T
O W L , . B 3 , PAR M ES C H S , 1 . 7 5 , P E P P E R , .
99
B 8 7 6 DATA P E P P E RON I , 1 . 8 9 , P I C K L E S
, l . 6 5, PI NEAPPLE , . 7 5, PI Z Z A , 2. 6 9
B 8 7 B DATA P N U T BUTT R , l . B 9 , PO P C OR
Circle Reader
Service
N , l . 5 9 , P O P S I C L E S , 1 . 9 9 , P O R K C HOPS
' 1 . 99
B 8 B 8 D A T A POR K & B E A N S , . 5 3 , POT P I E
S , . 5 9 , POTATO C HP , l . B 9 , POTATO P L K
, 1 . 49
B 8 B 2 DATA POTATOES , 1 . 2 9 , P U D D I UG ,
. 6 9 , R A Z O R B LD S , 1 . 6 B , R I C E , . B 9
B 8 B 4 DATA ROAST , 2 . 3 9 , R UG SHAMPOO
, 2 . 3 9 , SA G E , l . 9 9 , SA L T , . 3 2
B 8 B 6 DATA SANDW BAG S , 1 . 5 5 , S H A M P O
0 , 1 . 9 9 , S H A V E C RM , 1 . 9 9 , S H O RT E N I NG
' 2 . 29
B 8 B B DATA SOA P , . 5 9 , SOAP P A DS , 1 . 2
9 , SO U P , . 3 5 , SO U R C R E AM , . B 5
B 8 9 8 DATA SOY S A U C E , 1 . 2 9 , S PAG SA
U C E , . B 9 , S P AGHETT I , . B 9 , S Q U A S H , . 9 9
B 8 9 2 DATA SUGAR , 1 . 6 9 , S Y R U P , l . 9 9 ,
TAMPONS , 2 . 9 9 , T EA B A G S , 2 . 4 9
B 8 9 4 DATA THYM E , 1 . 9 9 , TOMATO PST ,
. 7 9 , TOMATO SAU , . 6 9 , TOOT H P A ST E , l .
B9
B 8 9 6 DATA TOO T H P I C K S , . 4 9 , T R A S H B
A G S , 2 . 1 9 , TU R K EY , . B 9 , VA N I L LA , 2 . 2 9
B � 9 B DATA V I N EG A R , . 7 9 , WH I P C R E A M
, l . � 9 , WO S T E R S A U , l . 1 5 , Y AMS , . B 9
B l 8 � DATA Z U C C I N I , . B 9 , E N D , �
9 8 8 8 P R I NT @ 4 B 8 , " P R E S S ANY K EY TO
CON T I N U E . " ;
9 8 1 � F O R A A = l TO 2 : A S = I N K E Y S : N E X
T
9 8 3 8 AA S = I N K EYS : I F A A S = " " T H E N 9 8 3
8
9 8 4 8 AA=VAL ( AA S ) : R ETURN
9 5 8 8 F L S = " S H O P L I ST / D AT " : O P EN " O "
, # 1 , FL S
9 5 1 � F O R I = 1 T O 1 5 8 : WR I T E # l , F S (
I ) ,N ( I ) ,P(I) ,E( I ) ,T
9 5 1 5 N EX T
95 2 8 C L O S E # l : E N D
END
card #456
Stars PowerType Daisywheel
11u11m: nr�:-:-·]111illn\\\\
- ··
�·
• 32 9
PowerType. Its features are eX"ecut1ve quality, yet "type­
writer friendly" !
• There's bi-directional typing of 96 crisp characters at 18
cps • A simple drop-in ribbon cassette • Carriage accep­
tance of letterhead and legal size, fanfold and roll paper
• Right and left margin settings • Vertical and horizontal
tabs • Plus. virtually universal parallel & serial interfacing.
S U N LOCK SYSTEMS
2 1 0 CONNOR ROAD
MECHANICSVILLE. VIRGINIA 2 3 1 1 1
ADD I T I ONAL P R I NT E R 5 P E C I AL 5
Epson
O k 1 data
ComreK
I I $ 389 C l toh 8 5 1 0 $ 349
RX80 $ 2 39 ML82 $ 2 9 9 Comrex I I I
SOFT
289 ML83
5 1 9 Gem1 n 1
lOX
629 C l to h F l O
899
269 S v . Reed 500 3 7 9
R X lOO 3 9 9 ML84
6 2 9 Gem . P rType
3 2 9 S v . Reed 5 5 0 449
F X80
4 1 9 ML92
359 Gem . R a d x lO
5 1 9 Man/T a l 80
F X l OO 589 ML93
569 SCM L- 1000
399 LO 1 5 00P
269
1 1 49
TO O R D E R CALL TOLL FREE 800·368·9 1 9 1
In Virginia call 804-746-1600
We accept MasterCard. Visa and CODs
,,.. See List of Advertisers on page 89
February 1985
HOT CoCo
67
EDUCATION/GAME
BY RICHARD RAMELLA
This program i s available on our Instant CoCo cassenc.
Sec the Instant CoCo ad elsewhere in this issue.
0::!"-::lJ
_c:ic(i_
LP HATOONS
Young children can have fun with this game
while they learn the alphabet and the keyboard.
A
n t , ball, and cat. Xylophone,
yardstick, and zero. Small chil­
dren are curious about computers. They
are fascinated by the keyboard and
screen that produce words, pictures, and
sounds.
68
HOT CoCo
February 1985
Alphatoons is a computerized ABC
book with 26 pictures keyed to the letters
of the alphabet. Youngsters from 3 to 7
years old who have tried this game have
enjoyed it.
Though Alphatoons is simple enough
System Requirements
16K RAM
Extended Color Basic
� II � II Lrm�
lf II �m
�lflm� II £�
1 2 5 SO U TH F I FT H S T R E ET
LEW I STO N , N . Y . 1 4 0 9 2
4 2 0 F E R GU SO N A V E . N .
H A M I LT O N , O N T . , L 8 L 4 Y 9
February 1985
HOT CoCo
69
Program listing. A lphatoons
for a young child to r u n , the var ied
scenes and large graphic letters available
in Extended Color Basic heighten its in­
terest level. I 've used CIRCLE, LINE,
and ORAW commands to create a vari­
ety of animals and objects. M is for
moon, and this moon has craters and a
short eclipse animation. The xylophone,
a familiar instrument to mqny children,
shows and sounds an octave of notes.
You'll have to explain the rules of the
game to the young player. Type RUN
and press enter to start the program. It
draws a blue frame on the screen . Press
any letter key and the computer re­
sponds with a short sentence, such as " A
is for ant , " with a scene illustrating the
word. When the picture is drawn, a recc
tangular cursor appears at the bottom
left of the word. The player then types in
the word. Pushing the wrong letter key
has no effect. It's a matter of finding the
key for the letter j ust above the empty
space and pressing it. When you type the
word correctly, the program flashes an
"okay" and sounds a few notes before
the s creen blanks for the next letter
choice. The program continues until you
press the break key to end it.
When you select a letter, only the let­
ter key registers. There is one double­
word entry, ice cream, and you must
press the space bar between the words.
Very young players will need lots of
70
HOT CoCo
February 1985
2 GOTO 1 8 8
3 X = X - 6 : RETURN
4 Z $ = " 89 2 8 2 8 5 8 5 8 7 9 7 4 1 4 " : R ET U R N
5 1 $ = " 88 8 9 8 9 6 9 6 9 7 8 7 8 6 4 6 4 8 4 6 4 7 3 7 3
7 1 7 1 6 868 88 " : R ETURN
6 1 $= " 7 1 68 6 8 18188181888 8 1 9 1 9 6 9 6 9
7 8 " : RETURN
7 Z $ = " 888989 6 9 6 9 7 5 7 5 7 2 7 2 5 8 5 888 " :
RETURN
8 Z $ = " 7 888888 9 8 9 7 9 8 5 6 5 " : R ET U R N
9 Z $ = " 7 8 8 8 88 8 9 8 5 6 5 " : R ET U R N
18 Z $ = " 6 8 1 8 18818187 8 7 2 9 2 9 6 9 6 9 6 6 7
6 4 6 " : RETURN
11 Z $ = " 8889 7 8 7 9 8 5 7 5 " : R ET U R N
1 2 Z $ = " 2 8 6 8 2 9 6 9 4 8 4 9 " : R E TURN
13 Z $ = " 7 8 7 7 7 7 5 9 5 9 3 9 3 9 8 6 8 6 8 4 " : R E
TURN
14 Z $ = " 88 8 9 8 5 7 8 2 3 7 9 " : R ET U R N
15 Z $ = " 88 8 9 8 9 7 9 " : RETURN
16 Z $ = " 89 88 88 4 5 4 5 7 8 7 87 9 " : R ET U R N
1 7 Z $ = " 8 9 8 8 8 8 7 9 7 9 7 8 " : R ET U R N
18 Z $ = " 1 8 7 8 7 8 7 9 6 9 1 9 8 8 8 l " : R ET U RN
1 9 Z $ = " 8 9 8 1 1 8 7 1 7 1 7 4 6 5 8 5 " : R ET U R N
28 Z $ = " 1 8 7 8 7 8 7 9 6 9 1 9 8 8 8 1 7 9 5 6 " : R E
TURN
21 Z $ = " 8 9 8888 7 8 7 8 7 3 7 3 6 4 6 4 8 4 8 4 7 9 "
: RETURN
22 Z $ = " 7 88888 8 4 8 4 7 4 7 4 7 9 7 9 8 9 " : R E
TURN
23 Z $ = " 88 7 8 4 8 4 9 " : RETURN
24 Z $ = " 8 8 8 9 8 9 7 9 7 9 7 8 " : R ETURN
25 Z $ = " 88 4 9 4 9 7 8 " : RETURN
26 Z $ = " 88 2 9 2 9 4 5 4 5 6 9 6 9 7 8 " : R ET U R N
2 7 1 $ = " 88 7 9 8 9 7 8 " : RETURN
2 8 Z $ = " 8 8 4 5 4 5 7 8 4 5 4 9 " : R ET U R N
2 9 Z $ = " 8 8 7 8 7 8 8 9 8 9 7 9 " : RETURN
3 8 FOR H=l TO L EN ( Z $ ) STEP 4 : L I
N E ( X+VAL ( M I D$ ( Z $ , H , l ) ) , Y +VAL ( M I D
$ ( Z $ , H+ l , l ) ) ) - ( X+ V A L ( M I D $ ( Z $ , H + 2
, l ) ) , Y+VAL ( M I D $ ( Z $ , H+ 3 , l ) ) ) , P S ET
: N E XT : RETURN
18a CLEAR 58 8 : PCLEAR 4 : S $ = " I S
FOR " : PCLS 1
1 1 8 PMODE 3 , 1 : COLOR 3 , 8 : X = 5 : S
CREEN 1 , 1 : PCLS l : L I N E ( 8 , 8 ) - ( 2 5
5 , 1 3 5 ) , PS E T , B
1 2 8 COLOR 3 , 8 : X = 5 : Y = l 4 8
1 38 Q $ = I N K EY $ : I F Q $ < " A " O R Q $ > "
I " THEN 1 3 8
1 4 8 K = A SC ( Q$ ) - 6 3 : GOS U B 6 9 8
158 X=X+28
1 6 8 K = I NSTR ( " A B C D E FGH I J K LMNOPQRS
TUVWXYZ " , Q$ ) : ON K GOSUB 1 8 8 , 2 1 8
, 2 2 8 , 2 5 8 , 388 , 3 1 8 , 3 3 8 , 3 4 8 , 3 5 8 , 3 6 8
, 3 88 , 4 8 8 , 4 2 8 , 4 4 8 , 4 6 8 , 4 9 8 , 5 2 8 , 5 4 8
, 5 5 8 , 5 6 8 , 5 7 8 , 5 8 8 , 6 8 8 , 6 38 , 6 6 8 , 6 8 8
: I F J K = l THEN J K = 8 : GOTO 1 1 8
1 7 8 GOTO 1 3 8
1 8 8 E $ = " A N T " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB 7 1
8
1 9 8 DRAW " BM 8 8 , 6 8 ; D 8 L 5 H l 8 U l 8 R 2 U 2
R3UlRF7R2E6U3R2U2E5R5UlR5DlR5F3R
5F3R5F5D2R3U3E 4UlE5R7UlR5U lR1 5 D l
Rl8DlR5 DlF8R2Fl8D4R2Dl5L5UlL18Ul
L l 8 H 5 L l 8 H 5 L l 8 H 5 L 5 H 5 L5 G l 8 L l 5 U l L 5 H
18Gl8"
2 8 8 DRAW " BM 1 85 , 5 8 ; H 4 G 2 8 D l 8 G 5 ; BM
1 28 , 5 6 ; E 4 F l 5 D 3 F l 8 ; BM 1 1 8 , 5 8 ; E 3 R 2 F
3 8 " : CI RCL E ( 7 8 , 5 3 ) , 4 : GOSUB 7 3 8 :
RETURN
218 E $ = " B A L L " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB 7
1 8 : FOR V = l TO 58 STEP 2 : C I R C L E
( 1 2 8 , 6 8 ) , V , RN D ( 3 ) + 1 : N E X T : GOSUB
7 3 8 : R ETURN
2 2 8 E $ = " CAT " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB 7 1
8 : COLOR 4 , 8 : L I N E ( l 2 8 , 4 8 ) - ( 1 8 8 ,
1 28 ) , PSET : L I N E- ( 1 5 6 , 1 2 8 ) , PS E T :
L I N E - ( 1 2 8 , 4 8 ) , P S ET : C I R C L E ( l 2 0 , 2
6 ) , 38 , , . 5
2 3 8 L I N E ( l 2 5 , 9 8 ) - ( 1 1 8 , 1 28 ) , P SET :
L I N E ( l 3 5 , 9 8 ) - ( 1 4 8 , 1 28 ) , PS E T : C I
RCLE( l 2 8 , 3 2 ) , 18 , , . 5 , . 8 1 , . 5 : C I R C
L E ( l 2 8 , 2 7 ) , 4 : DRAW " B M 1 88 , 2 8 ; U l 8
F 7 ; B M 1 5 6 , 2 8 ; U l 8G 7 "
2 4 8 FOR V = l l 8 TO 1 3 8 STEP 2 8 : C I
R C LE ( V , 2 8 ) , 3 , , . 2 : N EXT V : F O R V =
168 T O 1 9 8 S T EP 3 : L I N E ( l 5 8 , 1 8 8 )
- ( V , 3 8 ) , PS E T : N E X T V : GOSUB 7 3 8 :
R ETURN
2 5 8 E $ = " DOG " : A $ = S $ + " DOG " : GOS U B
7 1 8 : F O R V = 2 88 T O 7 5 S T E P - 2 : C
I R C L E ( V , 7 8 ) , 28 : N E XT
2 6 8 DRAW " B M 1 9 5 , 5 8 ; R 2 8 H E 1 8 R 5 E l 8 U
18H8U 4 F l 2 D 28Gl5D 58R5D5 L 2 8 U 5 R 5 U l 5
L 5 ' : C I RCL E ( 1 3 8 , 9 8 ) , 7 5 , , . 2 , . 8 1 , .
5
2 7 8 DRAW " BM 6 5 , 9 8 ; D l 5 R 5 D 5 L 2 8U 5 R 5
U 2 5 " : C I RC L E ( 4 8 , 5 8 ) , 2 8 , , 2 : F OR V
= l TO 1 8 : C I R CL E ( 4 8-V , 4 8 ) , 1 8 , , 2 ,
. 5 , . 7 5 : C I RC L E ( 4 8 + V , 4 8 ) , 1 8 , , 2 , . 7
5 , 1 : N E XT V
2 8 8 FOR V = 3 4 TO 4 6 STEP 1 2 : C I R C
L E ( V , 3 5 ) , 6 , , 2 : C I RC LE ( V - 1 , 3 2 ) , 3 :
N EX T V : L I N E ( 3 6 , 58 ) - ( 4 4 , 68 ) , PS E
T , B F : L I N E ( 3 5 , 7 5 ) - ( 4 5 , 7 3 ) , PS ET
2 9 8 COLOR 1 , 1 : X = 8 8 : Y = 7 8 : A $ = " P
U P PY G I R L " : GOSUB 7 1 8 : COLOR 3 , 8
: GOSUB 7 3 8 : R ET U R N
3 88 E $ = " EG G " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB 7 1
8 : C I R C L E ( l 7 8 , 58 ) , 5 8 , , . 9 , . 5 , 8 : C
I R C L E ( l 7 8 , 5 8 ) , 5 2 , , 1 . 5 , 8 , . 5 : F OR
V=8 TO 3 : P A I NT ( l 7 8 , 8 ) , V , 3 : N E XT
: X = l 3 8 : Y = 3 8 : COLOR 1 , 1 : FOR W = l
T O 6 : A $ = M I D $ ( " EASTER " , W , l ) : GO
SUB 7 1 8 : Y = Y+ l 4 : N E X T W : GOS U B 7
3 8 : RETURN
3 1 8 E $ = " F O U R " : A $ = S $+ E $ : GOSUB 7
1 8 : FOR V= l 3 8 TO 18 STEP - 1 : COL
OR R N D ( 4 ) , l : L I N E ( l 88 , V ) - ( 1 2 8 , V )
, PSET : N EXT V : P = l 8 8 : FOR V = l 8 T
0 8 8 : COLOR R ND ( 4 ) , 1 : L I NE ( P , V ) ­
( P + 2 8 , V ) , PSET : P = P - 1 : N E X T : C = 8 8
: FOR V= 3 8 T O 1 4 5 : COLOR RN D ( 4 ) ,
1
3 2 8 L I N E ( V , C ) - ( V+ l 5 , C- 1 5 ) , P S E T :
N EXT : GOSUB 7 3 8 : R ETURN
3 3 8 E $ = " G OL D " : A $ = S $ + E $ : S C R E EN
1 , 8 : GOSUB 7 1 8 : P = l 2 8 : L=8 : F OR
G = l T O 1 8 : FOR V = 3 8 + L TO 2 2 8 - L S
TEP 2 8 : L I N E ( V , P ) - ( V+ l 8 , P + 9 ) , P S E
T , B : P A I NT ( V+ 3 , P+ 3 ) , 2 , 3 : N E XT V :
L = L+ l 8 : P = P - 1 8 : N E X T G : G O S U B 7
3 8 : S C R EEN 1 , 1 : R ETURN
3 4 8 E $ = " H EA RT " : A $ = S$ + E $ : G O S U B
7 1 8 : FOR V = 9 8 T O 1 5 8 S T EP 6 8 : C O
L O R 4 , 1 : C I RC LE ( V , 5 8 ) , 4 8 : N E X T :
C I RC L E ( l 2 8 , 5 2 ) , 6 5 , , l . l , . 8 7 , . 4 5 :
L I N E ( l 58 , 1 1 2 ) - ( 1 2 4 , 1 3 8 ) , PS ET : L I
N E- ( 9 8 , 1 1 2 ) , P SET :
L I NE ( l 1 8 , 7 8 ) ­
( 1 3 8 , 1 2 2 ) , P R E S E T , B F : P A I NT ( l 1 8 , 7
8 ) , 4 : GOSUB 7 3 8 : RETURN
3 5 8 E $ = " I C E C R E AM " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GO
S U B 7 1 8 : COLOR 4 , 8 : FO R V = l 88 TO
288 : L I N E ( l 5 8 , 1 3 8 ) - ( V , 5 8 ) , P S E T :
NEX T : FO R V= l T O 5 8 : C I RC L E ( l 5 8
, 58 ) , V , RN D ( 3 ) + 1 , l , . 5 , l : N E X T V :
GOSUB 7 3 8 : RETURN
368 E $ = " JE T " : A $ = S $ + E $ : G O S U B 7 1
8 : COLOR 2 , 8 : DRAW " B M 4 8 , 58 ; H 2 8 U
4Rl 5D2Rl8D3Rl8D2Rl 38F5R 5 F 5 R 5 D 2 L 5
G 5 L 5 G 5 L 4 8G 3 5 L l G l L 1 G l L 2 8 L l H 1 L l H l E
3 5L48U2L2U2L 3 5 '
3 7 8 C I RC L E ( l 4 8 , 3 2 ) , 1 4 , , . 5 , . 5 , 1 :
P A I NT ( l 4 8 , 4 8 ) , 2 , 2 : FOR V= 3 9 TO 5
1 S T EP 3 : L I N E ( 8 8 , V ) - ( 1 8 8 , V ) , P R E
S ET : N E X T : GOSUB 7 3 8 : R ET U R N
388 E $ = " K I TE " : A$=S$ + E $ : GOSUB 7
1 8 : S C R EEN 2 , 8 : L I N E ( 2 5 3 , 1 3 5 ) - ( 7
8 , 2 8 ) , P S ET : L I N E - ( 6 8 , 1 8 ) , P S ET : L
I N E - ( 5 8 , 2 8 ) , PSET : L I N E- ( 6 8 , 3 5 ) , P
SET : L I N E - ( 7 8 , 2 8 ) , PS ET : P A I NT ( 6 8
, 2 8 ) , 4 , 3 : L = 6 8 : FOR V = 3 5 TO 1 2 8 :
U=RND ( 2 ) : I F U = l T H E N L = L + l ELS
E L =L- 1
3 9 8 P S ET ( L , V , RN D ( ) ) + l ) : NEX T : GO
SUB 7 3 8 : RETURN
4 8 8 E $ = " LADDE R " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB
7 1 8 : COLOR 4 , 8 : L I NE ( 9 8 , 4 8 ) - ( 2 4
8 , 1 3 8 ) , PS ET , B F : COLOR 3 , 8 : L = l 3 8
: FOR V = 2 8 T O 1 3 8 S T E P 1 8 : L I NE (
V , L ) - ( V+ l 8 , L - 1 8 ) , PS ET : L I N E - ( V+ 4
8 , L- 1 8 ) , PSET : L I NE - ( V+ 3 8 , L ) , PS E T
: L = L- 1 8 : NEXT : COLOR 3 , 1 : L I N E (
1 88 , 1 8 ) - ( 1 8 8 , 1 8 ) , P R E SET
4 1 8 GOSUB 7 3 8 : RETURN
4 2 8 E $ = " MOON " : PMODE 4 , 1 : S C R E E N
1 , 1 : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB 7 1 8 : C I RC L
E ( l 5 8 , 6 5 ) , 6 8 : P A I NT ( l 5 8 , 7 ) , 1 , l
4 3 8 COLOR 8 , 1 : FOR V= l TO 1 8 : C I
RCLE ( 5 8+RND ( i 48 ) , 1 5 + R N D ( l 88 ) ) , R N
D ( 3 ) * 3 : NEXT : FOR T = l TO 588 : N E
X T T : FOR V = 8 TO 1 5 8 S T E P 3 : C I R
C LE ( V , 6 5 ) , 6 8 . , 1 , . 7 5 , . 2 5 : N E X T : C
OLOR 1 , 8 : GOSUB 7 3 8 : R ET U R N
4 4 8 E$= " N I GH T " : P M O D E 4 , 1 : S C R E E
N 1 , 1 : A $ = S $ + E $ : G OSUB 7 1 8 :
4 5 8 FOR V=8 TO 2 4 8 ST EP R N D ( 2 5 ) :
L = R N D ( 5 8 ) : L I N E ( V , 1 3 8 ) - ( V+ R N D ( 5 8
) , 1 3 8 - L ) , P SET , B : N E XT V : C I RC L E (
- 4 8 , 4 8 ) , 2 8 : P A I NT ( 4 8 , 4 8 ) , l , l : FOR
V=l TO 288 : PSET ( RN D ( 2 5 5 ) , RN D ( 8
8 ) , 1 ) : NEXT : GOSUB 7 3 8 : R ET URN
468 E $ = " 0CTOPUS " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSU
B 7 1 8 : COLOR 2 , 8 : C I RC L E ( l 2 8 , 6 8 )
, 5 8 , , 1 . 2 , . 5 , 1 : L I N E ( 7 8 , 68 ) - ( 1 7 8 ,
6 8 ) , P SET : P A I NT ( l 2 8 , 1 8 ) , 2 , 2 : FOR
V = l l 8 TO i 4 6 STEP 3 6 : C I RC L E ( V ,
4 M , 5 , 4 , . 9 : N E X T : C I RCLE ( l 2 8 , 5 8 )
, 15 , 1 , . 3 , 8 , . 5
4 7 8 U = 8 2 : FOR V = l TO 8 : M ( V ) = U :
U = U+ l 3 : N E XT : FOR P = 6 8 TO 9 5 : E =
RND ( 2 ) : FOR V = l T O 8 : I F E = l T H E
N M ( V ) =M ( V ) - 1 E L S E M ( V ) =M ( V ) + l
408 L I N E ( M ( V ) , P ) - ( M ( V ) + 5 , P ) , PSET
: NEXT V , P : G O S U B 7 3 8 : RETURN
498 E $ = " P I E " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB 7 1
8 : C I RCLE ( l 2 8 , 6 7 ) , 6 8 : L I N E ( l 2 8 , 8
) - ( 1 2 8 , 1 3 5 ) , PSET : L I N E ( 6 8 , 6 7 ) - ( l
9 6 , 6 7 ) , PSET : FOR V= l TO 2 5 : P = l 2
8 : L = 6 7 : P l = RND ( 2 ) : L l = RN D ( 2 ) : I
F P l = l T H E N P = P - 5 E L S E P = P+ 5
588 I F Ll=RND ( 2 ) T H E N L = L - 5 E L S E
L=L+5
5 1 8 P A I N T ( P , L ) , RN D ( 2 ) * 2 , 3 : N EXT :
GOSUB 7 3 8 : RETURN
5 2 8 E $ = " QUA I L " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB
7 1 8 : C I RCLE ( 2 8 8 , 4 8 l , 2 8 : FOR V = 6 8
T O 5 S T E P - 5 : C I RC L E ( l 3 8 , 5 6 ) , V ,
, . 2 , . 3 5 : N E X T V : C I RC L E ( l 6 2 , 6 8 ) ,
4 8 , , 1 , 1 , . 5 : DRAW " BM 2 2 7 , 4 8 ; N L 5 N G
6 N H 6 " : DRAW " BM 1 5 5 , 9 8 ; D 2 8 N L 7 N F 7 N
E 7 " : DRAW " B M 1 6 1 , 9 8 ; F l 5 N L 7 N F 7 N E 7
"
5 3 8 C I RC LE ( 2 18 , 3 5 ) , 2 , 4 , . 7 : DRAW
" BM 2 88 , 28 ; U 8 L 2 U 2 R 4 D 2 L 2 " : P A I N T ( 2
, 2 ) , 2 , 3 : GOSUB 7 3 8 : R E T U R N
5 4 8 E $ = " R I NG " : A $ = S $ + E $ : G O S U B 7
1 8 : C I RCLE ( l 2 8 , 8 8 ) , 5 5 : C I RCLE ( l 2
8 , 8 6 ) , 4 5 : P A I NT ( l 2 8 , 3 8 ) , 3 , 3 : FOR
V =l TO 1 5 : C I R C L E ( l 2 8 , 2 8 ) , V , 4 :
N E X T : GOSUB 7 3 8 : RETURN
5 5 8 E $ = " STR I NG " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB
7 1 8 : FOR V = l TO 4 5 : C I RC L E ( 5 8 , 5
8 ) , V : N E XT : P = 9 8 : L I N E ( P , 5 8 ) - ( 2 5
8 , 5 8 ) , P S E T : FOR V= 4 5 TO 25 ST EP
- 1 : C I R C LE ( 5 8 , 5 8 ) , V , l , l , . 8 1 , . 9 9 :
L I N E - ( 1 88 +RND ( 2 88 ) , 5 + R N D ( l 3 8 ) ) ,
P S ET : N EXT V : GOSUB 7 3 8 : RETURN
568 E $ = " TRE E " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB 7
1 8 : COLOR 4 , 8 : L I NE ( l 28 , 58 ) - ( 1 3 5
, 1 3 8 ) , PS ET , B : COLOR 2 , 8 : FOR V = l
T O 1 8 8 : C I RC L E ( l 2 8 + R N D ( l 8 8 ) - 5 8 ,
6 8 - R N D ( 5 8 ) ) , RN D ( l 2 ) : N EXT : GOSUB
7 3 8 : R ETURN
5 7 8 E $ = " UM B R E L LA " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOS
U B 7 1 8 : C I RC L E ( l 2 8 , 4 2 ) , 6 8 . , . 5 , . 5
, 1 : FOR V= 7 8 TO 1 7 8 S T E P 2 8 : C I R
C L E ( V , 4 2 ) , 1 8 , . . 5 , . 5 , 1 : N E X T : DRA
W " BM 1 2 6 , 4 2 ; D 6 8 F 5 R 7 E 5 L 2 G 5 L 2 H 6 U 6 8
" : P A I NT ( l 2 7 , 4 4 ) , 3 , 3 : P A I NT ( l 2 8 ,
4 8 ) , 4 , 3 : GOSUB 7 3 8 : RETURN
588 E $ = " V I O L I N " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB
7 1 8 : COLOR 4 , 1 : C I RC LE ( 2 1 8 , 9 8 ) ,
4 8 : C I RCLE ( 1 6 8 , 7 5 ) , 3 8 : L I NE ( 1 5 8 ,
6 8 ) - ( 2 8 , 1 8 ) , PS E T : L I N E - ( 1 5 , 3 8 ) , P
SET : L I N E - ( 1 5 8 , 8 8 ) , P S ET : L I N E ( 2 5
, 2 8 ) - ( 2 1 8 , 9 8 ) , P R E SE T : P A I N T ( 2 5 , 2
5) '4'4
5 9 8 FOR V=O TO 16 S T EP 5 : L I N E ( )
8 , 1 7 + V ) - ( 2 5 8 , 9 9 +V ) , P R E S E T : N E X T :
GOSUB 7 3 8 : R ET U R N
6 8 8 E $ = " W I TC H " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB
7 1 8 : C I RCL E ( l 2 8 , 6 7 ) , 3 4 . , 2 : L I N E
( 6 8 , 5 8 ) - ( 1 8 8 , 5 8 ) , PS ET : P A I NT ( l 2 0
, 2 5 ) , 3 , 3 : COLOR 4 , 8 : FOR V = l TO
2 8 : L I N E ( 9 5 , 5 8 + R ND ( 3 8 ) ) - ( 7 5 - R N D (
3 8 ) , 7 8 + R N D ( 3 8 ) ) , P S ET : N EX T : FOR
V=l TO 2 8 : L I N E ( l 6 1 , 5 8 + R ND ( 3 8 ) ) ­
( 1 8 l + RN D ( 3 9 ) , 7 8 +RND ( 3 8 ) ) , P SET
6 1 8 N E X T : FOR V= l l 8 TO 1 3 8 STEP
2 8 : C I RCLE ( V , 6 8 ) , 18 , 2 , . 7 : C I RC L E
( V , 6 8 ) , 4 , 4 , . 3 : N EXT : COLOR 3 , 8 :
DRAW " B M 1 2 9 , 6 5 ; D 5 G 6 D 2 G 6 D 3 F R 5 U l R 3
E 7 " : F O R V= 9 5 T O 1 1 8 : C I RC LE ( l 2 0
, V ) , 1 5 , 3 , . 8 , . 8 1 , . 5 : N E XT : GOSUB
7 3 8 : RETURN
6 3 8 E $ = " XYLOPHONE " : A $ = S $ + E $ : G O
S U B 7 1 8 : P = 8 : COLOR 4 , 8 : FOR V =5
7 TO 7 7 S T E P 2 8 : L I N E ( 5 , V ) - ( 2 5 8 ,
V + l 5 ) , P S ET , B F : N E X T : COLOR 3 , 8 :
FOR V = l 8 TO 2 4 8 S T E P 3 8 : L I NE ( V ,
2 8 + P ) - ( V+ 2 5 , 1 3 8 - P ) , P S ET , B F : P = P +
5: NEXT
6 4 8 COLOR 1 , 8 : V $ = " C D E FGAB C " : Y =
7 8 : X = l 9 : P LAY " T 4 " : F O R V = l TO
8 : A $ = M I D $ ( V $ , V , l ) : GOSUB 7 1 8 : P
LAY A $ : X = X + l 8 : I F V = 7 T H E N P L A Y
"04"
6 5 8 N E X T : P LAY " 0 3 " : A $ = " XY L O PHO
N E " : GOSUB 7 3 8 : R ET U R N
6 6 8 E $ = " YARDS T I C K " : A $ = S $ + E$ : G O
S U B 7 1 8 : L I N E ( l 8 , 5 8 ) - ( 2 4 8 , 8 8 ) , PS
E T , B : FOR V = 6 TO 2 2 8S T E P 6 : L I N E
( V+ l 5 , 5 5 ) - ( V+ l 5 , 6 8 ) , PS ET : IF ( V/
6 ) / 1 2 = I NT ( ( V/ 6 ) / 1 2 ) T H E N COLOR 2
, 8 : L I N E ( V+ l 5 , 5 5 ) - ( V+ l 5 , 6 5 ) , P S ET
: COLOR 3 , 8 : N E X T E L S E N E X T
678 COLOR 4 , 8 : X = 2 8 : Y = 2 8 : A $ = " T
H R E E P E E T I N Y A R D " : GOSUB 7 1 8 : X
= 2 : Y = l 88 : A $ = " TWELVE I N C H ES I N
FOOT " : GOSUB 7 1 8 : GOSUB 7 3 8 : R E T
URN
6 8 8 E $ = " Z ER O " : A $ = S $ + E $ : GOSUB 7
1 8 : C I R C L E ( 7 8 , 6 6 ) , 6 5 : C I R CLE ( 7 8 ,
.
6 6 ) , 5 8 : P A I N T ( 7 8 , 1 5 ) , 2 , 3 : Y= 8 8 :
X = l 5 8 : A $ = " NOTH I NG " : GOSUB 7 1 8 :
GOS U B 7 3 8 : R E T U R N
698 ON K GOSUB 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 1 8 ,
1 1 , 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6 , 1 7 , 1 8 , 1 9 , 28 , 2 1
, 2 2 , 23 , 2 4 , 25 , 26 , 2 7 , 28 , 29
78 8 G O S U B 3 8 : R E T U R N
7 1 8 FOR P = l TO L E N ( A $ ) : Q $ = M I D $ (
A$ , P , l ) : I F Q $ = C H R $ ( 3 2 ) T H EN 7 2 8
E L S E K = ASC ( Q $ ) - 6 3 : GOSUB 6 9 8
7 2 8 X = X + l 2 : N E X T P : R ET U R N
7 3 8 COLOR 3 , 0 : L I N E ( l 8 8 , 1 6 3 ) - ( l l
5 , 1 6 8 ) , P SET , B F : Y = l 6 8 : X = l 2 1 : PO
R V=l TO L EN ( E $ )
7 4 8 N $ = I NKEY$ : I F N $ < > M I D $ ( E$ , V ,
1 ) THEN 740
7 5 8 A $ = N $ : GOSUB 7 1 8 : N EXT
7 6 8 X = 5 : Y = l 8 8 : P LA Y " T l 6 " : A $ = "
OKAY " : GOSUB 7 1 8 : FOR V = l T O 2 8 :
P L A Y M I D $ ( " C E G " , RND ( 3 ) , l ) : N E X T
: P LAY " T 8 " : J K = l : RETURN
778 E N D
.Altl
,1..111111111111111111111111
help typing the words to ease frustration
and show the game's possibilities. Soon
e n o u g h t h ey ' l l want to e x p e r i m ent
alone, and this will lead to learning the
keyboard.
Is Alphatoons educational? Yes; all
things are educational to small children.
But be warned that no computer pro­
gram can match the educational quali­
ties of crayons, pencils, and supplies of
blank paper. Preschoolers need to de­
velop small muscle coordination in their
hands, for in ki ndergarten and first
grade, they'll have to grasp a writing tool
and move it around a confined space,
creating sensible shapes. Typing isn't the
answer to this need, but Alphatoons is
fun and can teach quite a bit.
The words in this electric abecedarian
are ant, ball, cat, dog, egg, four, gold,
heart, ice cream, jet, kite, ladder, moon,
night, octopus, quail, ring, string, tree,
umbrella, violi n , witch, xylophone,
yardstick, and zero . Some scenes show
other words, but those are only impor­
tant if the player asks about them.
The program uses all but about 435
bytes of a 1 6K system, so be wary of
making changes in it. •
A ddress correspondence to Richard
Ramella, 1493 Mt. View A ve., Chico,
CA 95926.
February 1985
HOT CoCo
71
.---
w
C o Co
e began this column last
month with a look at the
mechanics of word processing, and
an introduction to working at home
a n d h o w y o u go a b o u t i t . T h i s
month w e conclude o u r look a t word
processing.
.
Legalities
for Hi re
WORD
PROCESSING,
PART II
by Terry Kepner
and Linda Tiernan
_----.
supply. Some customers will want to
provide their own paper. But for a
master's thesis you might have to
supply a special weight of paper.
The look and feel of the paper you
use can make a big di fference in the
appraisal of the final critic of a man­
uscript. In most cases, standard trac­
tor-feed paper j ust isn't good enough
for the job. Although the new laser­
cut paper lets the tractor-hole strips
separate cleanly, the perforations be­
tween the pages still give computer pa­
per away.
Most of your customers are li kely
to be private individuals, such as stu­
dents with term papers or theses, or
businesspeople and others with re­
sumes. I t ' s a good idea to charge on
a cash-on-delivery basis. For these
occasional or small jobs, C . O . D . is
fine.
If t h e b i l l becomes larger t h a n
petty-cash propo r t i o n s , however,
companies might a s k for 30-day bill­
ing. Charge an additional fee for this
kind of billing unless you anticipate
long-term dealings with a company .
In that case you can afford to be a
l i t t l e flex i b l e a n d to o ffer b e t t e r
t e rm s . But in m o s t s i t u at i o n s ,
C . 0 . 0 . should be the only way you
accept payment.
Students can benefit from new tax
You should keep several factors in laws that make part-time work earn­
mind when you set up a word-pro­ ings under $3,000 tax free. Call the
cessing business. One is the legal ram­ Internal Revenue Service for more
ifications of typing someone else's information. Unless yol.1 are a stu­
copy. The words you type for your dent, you must report any money
customers are not yours. Someone you e a r n f r o m a h o m e b u s i ness
else wrote them, and someone else along with your regular wages. I f
might legally own t hem.
you make enough money, you could
If you retain copies of a manu­ move i n t o a h i g h e r tax b r ac k e t ,
script for yourself or your files, you meaning that you 'll lose some of
are violating copyright laws. Make it your additional earnings to the IRS.
a habit not to discuss the copy you
type with anyone but your customer. Prices a n d Charges
It might be very confidential. This is
Typing services usually charge by
particularly important with t heses the finished manuscript page. The
and television scripts.
standard page is double-spaced and
I f you store text on tape or disk , has a title line, one-inch margins on
erase or give the medium to your all sides, and I 0-characters-per-inch
customer. Add to your charges if spacing (also called pica). Each page
you include a tape or disk in this holds about 300 words in this for­
fashion, and don't include a copy of m a t . Tighter c h a racter s p a c i n g ,
your word-processing program. This s m aller margins, o r d i fferent l i n e
is actually an extra service because spacing should change the price you
your customers can come back to charge.
you for additional copies in the fu­
To get an idea of current prices,
ture.You can ensure that your cus­ check local newspapers for adver­ Advertising
tomers return to you for additional tisements or a recent issue of Writ­
Your geographic location is apt to
copies they might need by purchas­ er's Market to get an idea o f the determine your market. I f you live
ing a datascrambler program, which current rates and services offered by three blocks from a large university,
makes your files unreadable by any­ other typing services. Prices usually you probably won ' t bother to look
one but you.
range from $ 1 .50 to $2 or more per beyond that bonanza. If there is no
When you finish a manuscript, page. Because you are using a word college or university in your area,
make two copies and give both to processor and printer, you can easily you'll find that you are eking out
your client . For the second copy you offer two or more copies of a man­ your m arket fro m local business­
c an p h o t o c o p y , carbon c o p y , o r uscript and charge a low rate for the people and writers, among other
print on an inexpensive paper stoc k . additional copies. For example, you sources. The market t h a t you find
I f a customer is dissatisfied with might charge $2 per page for the first nearby determines the sort of adver­
the finished copy, in most cases you copy and 50 cents per page for ad­ tising you should employ.
To reach college students and pro­
should promptly refund all money ditional copies.
Another factor that should affect fessors, the campus newspaper and
paid. Be sure that you receive all the
materials you provided as part of your charges for a job is the kind bulletin boards are the best media.
and amount of materials that you Be sure to list all the formats you are
your agreemen t.
72
HOT CoCo
February 1985
CoCo for Hire
----l---l
_
_
prepared to type: resumes, theses,
and reports. To get your business
started, you could tell customers that
you'll give them a discount if they
bring in a friend.
I f you d o n ' t h a v e a c o l l e g e
nearby, post notices a t the laundro­
mat, grocery store, and library to at­
tract authors in your area. You'll be
surprised at the response. Another
method is to search the local news­
papers for community teaching pro­
grams that sponsor writing seminars .
Leave information about your busi­
ness w i t h the i nstructors of s u c h
courses-be prepared for articles,
novels, short stories, resumes, and
research papers.
Don 't advertise in every place at
once. You might be taking on more
than you can handle. Aim for the
segment of the market that you feel
is most likely to reward you with
plenty of business. If you need to,
you can always add other advertise­
ments later on. Remember, the best
advertising is word of mouth. If you
turn out quality typing and manage
it quickly, you 'll have very few prob­
lems getting customers.
Setting Policy
Come up with a written service
policy that you can hand out as part
of a welcoming package for first­
time customers. It should state ex­
actly what services a customer can
expect from you . Include your rates
and an explanation of the method
you use to adjust them, how and
when you expect to be paid , and
what print formats your equipment
is capable of producing.
Your written service policy should
outline all aspects of your service. I f
your customers know what t o expect
from the start, they aren' t likey to be
disappointed . This is the place to lay
down the "law" about the legibility
of manuscripts, or the turnaround
time you promise. (Include some ex­
tra time in this figure in case an old
friend shows up unexpectedly or you
pull j u ry duty.) I t ' s a good idea to
include your telephone number in
the policy as well-it may save some
of your customers a great deal of ag­
gravation.
A written service policy is a good
place to mention some of the laws
that govern a word-processing busi­
nes s. For example, you might in-
"A letter-quality
printer is vitally
important to a
word-processing
business.
Don 't let anyone
tell you differently . "
elude a line explaining that copyright
laws prohibit you from photocopy­
ing government documents or large
amounts of material for private use.
Copyright laws (Title 1 7 , U . S . Code)
don't let you retain any copies of
your finished work; a written policy
is a good place to make sure your
customers understand this and keep
their own spare copies. Make sure
your customers are aware that this
law applies to copies of word-proc­
essing tapes and disks, too.
You might want to consider aug­
menting the service you provide. I f
most o f your customers are students
at the local university who might not
have transportation, perhaps you are
willing to pick up and deliver. Do
you accept checks? When does a cus­
tomer have a right to demand a re­
fund? For what do you charge extra?
You might be offering a unique serv­
ice that no one else can offer. Set it
down in your service policy.
Despite all the can 'ts and won 'ts,
and all the disclaimers and warnings,
be s u r e t h a t y o u r service p o l i c y
shows t h a t you welcome and value
the business of your customers.
Tools of the Trade
You don ' t need a fancy system to
start a CoCo typing service. A 64K
Color Computer 2 is the best way to
start, but a 1 6K CoCo will get the
job done. The most important mem­
o ry consideration is whether you
have enough room in memory for
both your word-processing program
and at least one full page of text. I f
you have t h e older-model computer,
you might consider getting a quality
keyboard for it-but you won ' t need
it immediately. See how the business
w o r k s w i t h the s y s t e m you h av e
n o w , and upgrade w i t h the profits
you earn.
A printer is vitally important to a
word-processing business. Dot-ma­
trix p ri n ters a re s i mply not good
eno u g h . Y o u m u s t have a letter­
q u a l i t y p r i n t e r , s u c h as R a d i o
S h a c k ' s D W P - 2 1 0 pri n t e r , a l s o
called a daisy-wheel printer. Don ' t
let anyone tell you di fferently. A
master's theses is worthless i f it is
pr inted on a dot-matrix machine.
Daisy-wheel printers are t h e stan­
dard. Some customers could be con­
sidering paying a great deal more for
professional-quality typesetting and
printing. Keep in mind that the qual­
ity of your print is the basis of the
service you provide.
Software is the easiest part , since
a good typist can take a bad word
processor and make it perform suc­
cessfully. A typewriter is about equal
to the most basic and mediocre o f
word processors. I n most cases all
you need is a word processor that
can paginate, print page headers,
nu mber pages automatically, and
underline. Most other featu res ben­
e fit you as a typist , but have little ef­
fect on the product except in minor
w a y s . F o r e x a m p l e , R O M - p ac k
Scripsit uses reverse video to indicate
uppercase letters . That does not pro­
vide the best on-screen appearance.
I f you find it objectionable, you can
get a word processor that supplies
true upper- and lowercase letters in
its display, or get a lowercase hard­
ware kit.
You don ' t need disk drives for a
typing service because you aren ' t
concerned with rapid text storage. I n
fact, y o u r typing service w i l l work
j ust fine with a 1 6K CoCo, ROM­
pack Scriptsit and a letter-q uality
printer. You can buy all the compo­
nents you need for under $ 1 ,000 from
Radio Shack.
Next month we' ll discuss how you
start a mailing-out list service and
look at insurance for work-at-home
businesses . •
A ddress correspondence to Terry
Kepner, P. O. Box 481, Peterbor­
ough, NH 03458. Terry Kepner is
a free-lance writer and programmer.
He writes monthly columns for 80
Micro and Portable l 00 magazines.
He 's been writing about computers
since 1979. Linda Tiernan is a li­
brarian with a master 's degree in
b i o - m e dical resea r c h . She has
worked with computers since 1980.
February 1985
HOT Coco
73
.-----
M i nd busters
M
any artists and mathemati­
cians have enriched the world
by playing with puzzles. Lewis Carrol l
laced Alice in Wonderland with puz­
zles. Blaise Pascal invented the theory
of probability while figuring the odds
of a card game for a friend. Leonhard
Euler fo u n ded topol ogy- r u b ber­
sheet geometry- by proving the im­
possibility of solving an obscure folk
puzzle that sought to link bridges and
islands. Leonardo da Vinci hid perfect
circles in the face of the Mona Lisa.
And M . C . Escher burst into a four­
dimensional realm with his intriguing
graphic art.
Mi ndbusters is an exploration of
the world of puzzles grounded in a
spirit of play. The u nderlying idea is
to use puzzles as a j umping-off point
for a better understanding of the phys­
ical world-and the computer. Com­
puters and puzzles are linked by two
main ingredients: math and logic. The
Color Computer is a superb puzzle
machine because it has power, speed ,
sound, and a prismful of graphics.
Amazement
L e t ' s b e g i n by c o n s i d e r i ng t h e
maze. There are many fabled mazes
and some still extant from ancient
times. The first mazes were probably
conceived as a method of thwarting
the onslaught of enemy soldiers. Folk­
tales often portray labyrinths as pris­
ons for enemies and as hiding places
for lovers. The labyrinths of antiquity
were often bound up in an aura of
magic and mystery.
Today, lab animals run mazes in
scientific experiments, while in the
vast and sometimes very old gardens
of Europe it is not uncommon to find
System Requirements
16K RAM
Extended Color Basic
__
MAZEMAKER­
SQUARE ONE
FOR PUZZLERS
by Richard Ramella
beautiful labyrinths sculpted i n shrub­
bery. Some churches display mosaic­
tile labyrinths that symbolize the dif­
ficulty of traveling through life with­
out erring spiritually. And thousands
of years after its conception, the maze
has a serious computer purpose-the
100 REM * M A Z E M A K E R * T R S - 8 0 EXT
ENDED COLOR BAS I C 1 6K / R A M E L L A
1 1 0 PMO D E 4 , 1 : P C LS 1 : C L S : C L E A
R 3 00 0 : D I M A $ ( 6 ) : S C R EEN 1 , 1 : C
P=l
1 20 U = 0 : P O K E 6 5 4 9 5 , 0 : L I N E ( 5 , 5 )
- ( 1 7 6 , 1 7 6 ) , P R ES ET , B F
1 3 0 X = l + RN D ( l 7 ) * 1 0 : Y = l + R N D ( 1 7 ) *
10
1 40 L I N E ( X - 4 , Y - 4 ) - ( X + 4 , Y + 4 ) , PS ET
, BF
1 50 E = l + RN D ( 1 0 )
1 6 0 B = RND ( 4 )
1 7 0 I F P P O I NT ( X - 10 , Y ) = 5 AND PPOI
NT ( X + 1 0 , Y ) = 5 AND PPOINT ( X , Y + 1 0 ) =
5 AND P P O I NT ( X , Y- 1 0 ) = 5 T H E N 3 30
1 80 I F B = l AND PPO I NT ( X - 1 0 , Y ) = 5
OR B = 2 AND PPO I NT ( X + l0 , Y ) = 5 OR B
= 3 AND P P O I NT ( X , Y- 1 0 ) = 5 OR B = 4 A
ND P P O I NT ( X , Y + 1 0 ) = 5 T H E N 1 6 0
1 90 U = U + l : I F B = l T H EN F O R S = X - 4
T O X - 1 4 STEP - 1 : L I N E ( S , Y - 4 ) - ( S
, Y+ 4 ) , PSET : N E X T S : X = X - 1 0
2 00 I F B = 2 T H E N F O R S = X + 4 T O X + l
4 : L I N E ( S , Y - 4 ) - ( S , Y+ 4 ) , P S ET : N E X
T S: X=X+l0
210 I F B = 3 THEN FOR S=Y-4 TO Y-1
4 STEP - 1 : L I N E ( X - 4 , S ) - ( X + 4 , S ) , P
S ET : NEXT : Y = Y - 1 0
2 20 I F B = 4 T H E N F O R S = Y + 4 T O Y + l
4 : L I N E ( X - 4 , S ) - ( X + 4 , S ) , PS ET : N E X
T S: Y=Y+l0
2 3 0 CP=C P + l : I F C P = 2 8 9 T H EN 3 9 0
2 4 0 GOSUB 2 7 0
2 5 0 I F U = E T H E N U = 0 : GOTO 3 3 0
2 6 0 GOTO 1 6 0
2 7 0 X 1 $ =STR$ ( X ) : Y 1 $ = S T R $ ( Y )
2 8 0 I F LEN ( X l $ ) = 3 T H E N X $ = " 0 " + R I
GHT$ ( X 1 $ , 2 ) E L S E X $ = R IGHT$ ( X 1 $ , 3
)
2 9 0 I F LEN ( Y 1 $ ) = 3 T H E N Y $ = " 0 " + R I
G H T$ ( Y 1 $ , 2 ) E L S E Y $ = R I G H T $ ( Y 1 $ , 3
)
300 Q$=X$+Y$
3 1 0 B = R ND ( 7 ) - 1 : I F L EN ( A $ ( B ) ) > 2 4
9 THEN 3 1 0
3 20 A $ ( B ) =A $ ( B ) +Q $ + C H R $ ( 3 2 ) : R ET
use o f maze-sol v i ng algo rithms to
study a rtificial i ntelligence. I t ' s no
wonder the maze is the playing envi­
ronment of so many computer games .
The program listing for Mi ndbus­
ters this month is called Mazemaker.
It demonstrates how to create a logical
maze by forming a 289-cell maze while
you w at c h . W h e n you run Maze­
maker, most of the screen becomes a
large block square-the stuff from
which the maze's walls will be carved .
The program begins by randomly
URN
3 3 0 FOR N=0 TO 6 : K = I N ST R ( A $ ( N ) ,
Q$ )
3 4 0 I F K > 0 T H EN A $ ( N ) = L E FT $ ( A $ ( N
) , K - l ) + M I D $ ( A$ ( N ) , K + 7 )
3 5 0 NEXT
3 6 0 J=RND ( 7 ) - 1 : I F A$ ( J ) = " " THEN
360
3 7 0 K = L EN ( A$ ( J ) ) / 7 : H = R N D ( K ) * 7 + 1
: Q $ = M I D $ ( A$ ( J ) , H - 7 , 6 )
3 8 0 X = VA L ( L E F T $ ( Q$ , 3 ) ) : Y = V A L ( R I
GHT$ ( Q $ , 3 ) ) : G O S U B 3 1 0 : GOT0 1 5 0
3 9 0 POKE 6 5 4 9 4 , 0 : GOTO 3 9 0
4 0 0 R EM * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - *
4 1 0 R E M * GAME S EQUENCE
4 20 Y=RND ( l 6 ) * 10 + 7 : L I NE ( 0 , Y- 1 ) ­
( 6 , Y+ 9 ) , P R E SET , B
4 3 0 Y l =RND ( 1 6 ) * 1 0 + 7 : L I NE ( 5 , Y ) - (
7 , Y+8 ) , PS ET , B F
4 4 0 Y = Y+ 4 : Y 2 = Y : X = 3 : X l = X : B = 4 :
L I N E ( 1 7 5 , Y l ) - ( 1 7 7 , Y 1 + 8 ) , PS ET , B F
: Yl=Y
4 50 Z $ = I N K EY $ : P S ET ( X l , Y l , 5 ) : P S E
T(X,Y,0)
4 6 0 I F X > 1 7 9 T H EN POKE 6 5 4 9 4 , 0 :
P LAY " l " : GOTO 4 6 0
4 7 0 I F B = l AND P P O I NT ( X , Y - 1 ) =0 0
R B = 2 AND PPO I NT ( X , Y+ 1 ) =0 OR B = 3
A N D PPO I NT ( X - 1 , Y ) =0 O R B = 4 A N D
P P O I NT ( X+ l , Y ) = 0 T H EN 5 6 0
4 8 0 I F Z $ = C H R $ ( 9 4 ) T H EN B = l E L S E
I F Z $ =CHR$ ( 1 0 ) THEN B = 2 E L S E I F
Z$=CHR$ ( 8 ) THEN B = 3 E L S E I F Z $ =
C H R $ ( 9 ) T H EN B = 4
4 9 0 X l =X : Yl=Y
5 0 0 I F B = l T H EN G O S U B 5 2 0 E L S E I
F B = 2 T H E N GOSUB 5 3 0 E L S E I F B = 3
T H E N GOSUB 5 4 0 E L S E G O S U B 5 50
5 1 0 GOTO 4 5 0
5 2 0 Y = Y - 2 : R ETURN
5 3 0 Y = Y+ 2 : RETURN
54 0 X = X - 2 : R ETURN
550 X = X+ 2 : R ETURN
560 P S ET ( X , Y , 5 ) : B = 4 : Y = Y 2 : X = 3 :
GOTO 4 5 0 : EN D
Program Listing I. Mazemaker
.
This program is available on our lnsiant CoCo casselle.
74
HOT CoCo
February 1985
Sec the Jnsrnni CoCo ad elsewhere in this issue.
i nd busters
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�
picking a cell from the 1 7- by 1 7-cell
grid inside the black square. This cell
turns white, beginning a network of
white cells that snakes along for either
an unfixed number of moves or until
the pathway reaches a dead end of
white cells.
Mazemaker recognizes three kinds
of cells: black cells where nothing has
happened, white cells with the poten­
tial for starting new branches of the
network , and white cells that are al­
ready a part of the network. Every
white cell is stored in a set of array
strings-A$(0) to A$(6). When the
program needs a new starting point, it
examines the strings. If its random
choice is surrounded by white cells, it
eliminates the coordinates of that par­
ticular choice from the string , pre­
venting the repetition of a pointless
selection.
municate w i t h peripherals , such as
printers and cassette recorders. The
program has a "slow poke" in line 390
so that a complete run of the program
returns the computer to its normal set­
ting. I f you interrupt the program's
run to move onto other activities, type
POKE 65494,0 and press the enter key.
Mazemaker counts the white cells it
creates and goes to line 390 when they
are complete. This line is an endless
loop; you must press the break key to
exit the program. When you run Maze­
maker for the first time, take a look at
the maze before you erase it forever.
Choose any cell on the left wall and any
cell on the right wall. In tracing a line
from one to the other, you can see that
only one path runs between them (with­
out doubling back). The same is true of
any two cells anywhere in the maze.
Mazemaker's 1 7- by 1 7-cell maze is
relatively easy to solve because of the
bird's eye view it provides. To make it a
little more interesting, try the game that
begins at line 420. To run the game, en­
ter 390 POKE 65494,0: GOTO 420.
Then type " RU N . " When the maze is
Running Mazemaker
Line 1 20 contains POKE 65495,0,
which makes the program run faster
on newer models of the CoCo. It also
disables the computer's ability to com-
rFri c �
. . .
. .
. . .
.
.
. .
. . .
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. . . .
= r
.
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·
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.
.
A
NEW
DIMENSION
.
. .·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.�.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.
S£ A1
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game a t no e>:tra co s t .
• F u l l 224 te>:t and graphic cha r a c t e r s . Underline i n a 1 1 PMC> O E S .
IN
COLOR
. .
·
.
.
.
. . .
·
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. . .
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- ·
E X T E N O E O BASIC and OJS�; c•mmands.
• Automatlc leader recognizes 1 6K , 32t< & 64r.: compu t e r s .
• M ix u p to 5 c h a r a c t e r s i z e s i n 4 c o l o r s a 11 o n o n e screen. A
sizes
a v a l l a ble
from
8•4
to
4 2 • 2 4 o r 32.J:32 in
ver t ic a l mode.
d e t i n e a ble
window
s c r ee n s
of
. . . . .
.
. .
.
.
·
R A I N BOW
COMPUTING
I NC EN T I V E
C [ " ' " •( A l 1QH
!> £ "•
==
any
size. A lso
includes horizont a ll y s c r o l l i n � < c r a w l i n g ) one l i n e s c r e e n s .
• I n c ludes p o s i t i v e & n e g a t i v e screen d u m p s m 2 sizes tor ";s,
S O F T W A RE
1 5 1 9 ) 6 8 1 - 01 3 3
Prints vertically.
4
.
�
• A l l m a c h i n e l a n g u a g e , u s e r t r a n s p a r e n t . Suppor t s a l l B A S I C ,
• U s e u p to
. . .
·
.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·
• N ow i n c l u d e s a c h a r a c ter gene r a t o r a n d s a m p l e '3 r a p hic space
10
A ddress correspondence to Rich­
ard Ramella, 1493 Mt. View A ve.,
Chico, CA 95926.
COLOR C H A R A C T ER GENERATOR
::RC (AA ITlNl l(BAOW
• IOH
t e t a l of
complete, the program chooses two
cells at random, one on each side, and
opens them to the outside walls. The left
wall opening sprouts a crescent-shaped
protrusion, and a dot races out of it to
the right. The object of the game is to
direct t h i s dot w i t h the cursor keys
through themaze tothewall opening on
the other side. The hitch is that the dot
never stops moving. I f you let it run into
a wall, it appears back at the starting po­
sition and you must start over again .
When you make it through t h e opening
in the right wall, you'll hear a repeating
tone signifying that you've won.
Some ideas for customizing Maze­
maker to suit your own needs in­
clude writing a printing routine or a
multi-maze generator, and designing
a round maze, a three-dimensional
maze, or a maze with one true path
to its center.
N ext m o n t h , w e ' l l e x plore t h e
Knigh t's Tour, a millenial puzzle. •
Circle Reader Service card #91
P.O.
B OX
STAT I O N
J2J
P.O.
PORT
B
M I N IMU M
-
48J01
U .S . A .
DISK
-
1 6K
REQU I R EMENT
24 . 9 5
27 . 95
HU R O N
M I CHIGAN
LONDON ONTA R I O
C A NA D A N 6 A 4 W 1
T A PE
7281
B OX
US
or
US
or
BASIC
29 . 95
J2 . 95
C ON
CON
Epson & Gemini printers. ( Please specify)
• S p e c i a l Trace D e l a y can be used t o det•u9 prog r a ms o n e line at
a timt! C even g r a phics .l.
•A s p e c ial p r in t e r control can output char a c t e r s t o the screen
•A m u s t tor
a ll
color
comPuter
own e r s .
won't write another Program without it.
,,... See List of Advertisers on page 89
T a pe t o O i sv upgr a d e a v a i l a b l e f o r • 8 U S or • l QCON. IJ e p a y
p o s t a g e w i t h i n U S & C A N A D A o n o r d e r s e v e r -Ji201 o t h � r w i s e
& printer simultaneously.
Once
y ou t r y it you
p l e a s e a d d .S l . O t h e r c o u n t r 1 e s p l e a s e add 'S 2 . Charge orders
Please a d d f 1 .
February 1985
HOT CoCo
75
�T he
L earnin g Pa g e_
by Nancy Kipperman
H
ave you ever wished that you
could walk into a store and pur­
chase a package of educational soft­
ware with a guarantee that it would
turn your children on and teach them
s o m e t h i n g w o r t h w h i l e as w e l l ?
Wouldn't i t be great i f the kids could
try it out before you buy it?
The Tandy Home Education Sys­
tems (T.H .E.S.) Division now offers
you just that service at home. Although
its primary purpose is to reach families
who aren ' t yet com fortable going into
a store to buy a computer system, pres­
ent CoCo owners are included in this
marketing effort.
Current Color Computer owners
who wish to upgrade their machine
through the T .H.E.S. Division can do
so if they live in one of the target areas
now open. The cost to upgrade is the
same as is listed in the Radio Shack cat­
alog plus installation. The total price
depends on what
- additions you make
to your system. The T. H .E.S. Division
offers six software packages ranging
from $ 1 25 to $300 each. All programs
are on dis k, so you'll need a disk drive.
Tandy Color Computer owners who
have a 64K computer, Extended Color
Basic, and a disk drive and do not need
any upgrade or new items will be able
to purchase these software packages
through a special catalog, which they
will receive in the mail, or by writing to
the Tandy Home Education Systems
Division, 1 30 1 West 22nd Street, Suite
400 , Oak Brook, IL 60521 .
Present CoCo owners who wish to
upgrade their systems to 64K can re­
ceivea disk drive, two deluxe joysticks,
a telephone modem, modem cable,
Color Basic Programming manual,
Logo package, Vidtex, delivery and in­
stallation, five free hours of Compu­
Serve, three free months of Compu­
Shop, one free hour of Dow Jones
News Retrieval, and three blank disks,
plus a choice of two out of six software
packages. An alternate offer includes a
dot-matrix printer and word process­
ing (Scripsit) as well.
The six software packages are the re­
sult of the efforts of the T . H . E .S. soft­
ware development team and leading
76
HOT Coco
February 1985
TANDY' S
COMMITMENT
To
EDUCATION
educators and software developers .
The idea is that each family can choose
the packages best suited for the ages of
its children.
The preschool package by Spinna­
ker o ffers K i d s on Keys , Al phabet
Zoo , Kindercomp and Facemaker.
CTW Software Group and Tandy col­
laborated on the K-2 package, which
i ncludes Play with Language, three
word and reading activities to develop
comprehensive skills (Picture Place,
R o l l - A - W o r d , a n d B a g a s a u r u s) ;
Hands On; and Color Math. For the
elementary grades (3-5), the emphasis is
on developing quick thinkingand plan­
ning and includes Taxi, Star Trap, Pea­
nut Butter Panic, The Factory, The
Pond, Teasers by Tobbs, and Color
Math. These were developed by CTW
Software Group, Sunburst, and Tandy.
For middle school grades (6-8),
CTW Software Group and Tandy of­
fer Creative Exploration, which re­
quires quick thinking and interaction.
This includes Grobot (reaction skills),
Time Bound (historical facts), and
Slipside (strategy) . Also included are
Typing Tutor, Sands of Egypt (strat­
egy and graphics), and CoCo Extra­
v aganza ( 5 0 programs) . The h i g h ­
school package b y CBS Software of­
fers Mastering the SAT and Success
with Math.
The sixth software package is for the
family and contains Infocom's Sea­
stalker, an interactive text adventure
game; Color Profile, an electric filing
system; and Spectaculator, a family
budgeting program.
T.H.E.S. will offer more software
soon. A good software package, ac­
cording to Julie A. McGee, director of
software development and marketing,
is one that " has a high motivational
level built into it, provides educational
value as well as enjoyment, and has a
reuse potential so that the user doesn't
tire of it or solve it quickly."
These software packages will only be
available to CoCo owners through the
T.H.E.S. program and cannot be pur­
chased as packages in Radio S h ack
stores.
The key to this whole effort is reach­
ing people in their homes, offering sup­
port and t r a i n i n g , a n d a n s w e r i n g
questions. Tandy is most interested i n
reaching people w h o have never used
computers and is o ffering demonstra­
tions of the use of computers in edu­
cation to school-parent organizations
and presenting computer shows to stu­
dents. An opportunity is provided for
parents to respond i f they are interested
in a Tandy compu ter-management
consultant coming to their home for a
free demonstration. The cost of the
complete package is less than $ 1 ,500.
Tandy anticipates extending its mar­
keting area to cover the whole country
within t h ree years . The computer­
management consultants have been
drawn from a variety of backgrounds
but all have some sales experience. As
one of them said, "This is an exciting
package to sell. As soon as I hook up
the computer, I attach the modem and
access CompuServe. People can ' t be­
lieve that it's so simple and that they're
now t a l k ing to another computer.
Then I let one of the kids begin t o play
with the software and sit back to an­
swer the parents' questions. People feel
free to ask me much more in their home
than they would if they were in a com­
puter store. ' '
So, the next time someone asks you,
"Should I buy a computer for my fam­
ily? " , feel free to pass the buck to the
Tandy Home Education Systems Di­
vision. They plan to have the answers.
On another note-this column will
provide a forum for sharing develop­
ments in the field of educational soft­
ware and innovative computer use for
both classroom and home education.
Please participate by sending your ex­
periences, ideas, and comments to me
in care of HOT CoCo, 80 Pine St. ,
Peterborough, N H 03458. •
CoCo's Best
&
Fastest Spreadsheet System
ACC LAI M E D BY TH E E X P E RTS
"DYNACA LC is my choice for a Coco spreadsheet."
Dan Downa rd, RA INBOW, September, 1984.
"Eat your heart out, Lotus 1-2-3!"
Scott Norman, HOT Coco, October, 1 984. .
Built- i n Features:
•
R A I N BOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
•
S u p er-fast S m a rt Screen Refresh
•
Auto-Repeat Keyboard D river
•
Keysaver ( T M ) repeats l ast c o m m a n d x t i m es
•
D i s k Operating System (works j ust l i ke R O M DOS)
•
Easy c om m u n i ca t i o n w i t h BAS I C/DOS pro g r a m s
•
Fast 1 6- D i g i t A r i t h m e t i c w i t h S c i e n t i f i c F u n ct i o n s
•
S u m m a t i o n , M e a n . a n d Sta n d a rd D ev i a t i o n F u n ct i o n s
•
Log i cal F u n cti o n s w i t h String & N um e r i c C o m p a r i s o n
•
S t r i n g l o c ate com m a n d to n a v i gate l a rge worksheets
•
Sort f u l l or p a rt i a l worksheet by c o l u m n s or rows
•
L i ne, B a r, H i /Lo/Close, C i rcle G r a p h s
•
F u l l G r a p h i c s c a pt i o n i n g a n d ove r l a y fac i l i ty
•
G ra p h i c s D r i vers for a l l p o p u l a r P r i n ters
•
Joyst i c k / M o u s e Driver for C u rsor Movement
•
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•
33k Ava i l a b l e Worksheet Space
•
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tn
C a n use V is i C a l c worksheets & t ra i n i ng m at e r i a l s
•
O n-screen H e l p M e ssages
reb tiilr
n ow with
available from
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Outside N o rth America add $1 0 postage
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U SA
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ORDER LINE O N LY * * *
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•
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5 1 x 24 D i s play w i t h Lower Case
Lotus and
DYNACALC Reg. U. S. Pat. Off.
are trademarks of Lotus Development
VisiCalc is a trademark of VisiCorp
1 -2-3
Circle Reader Service card #506
Corp.
February 1985
HOT CoCo
77
�-6809
On Line __
MAKING THE
MOST OF
COMPUSERVE
by Bobby Ballard
A
s the winter winds blow and
the snow piles up outside, I
want to show you some great rea­
sons to stay inside and warm in front
of your Color Computer. I ' ll tell you
how to take care of your banking ,
shopping, and mail; plan your va­
cation; attend a foru m; and even
purchase software without leaving
home.
A 11 t h i s is a v a i 1 a b l e t h r o u g h
CompuServe. I ' ve discussed Compu­
Serve in the past, and this month I ' ll
give you an overview of its services.
In a future column I ' l l deal with
some of CompuServe's expert, time­
saving features. Now, let's see why
telecommunicating is a great winter
sport .
CompuServe conti nues to grow
each m o n t h . J u s t w h e n I t h i n k
they've covered everything, m y latest
i s s u e of Online Today, Compu­
serve's monthly print publication,
arri ves announcing more services
and features.
You receive a one-year subscrip­
tion to Online Today when you be­
come a member of CompuServe. It
is a glossy, standard-sized magazine
in fu ll color with reviews of software
and hardware, as well as up-to-date
i n formation on CompuServe and
other telecommunicating topics.
The world's largest on-line Color
Computer club is found on Compu­
Serve. The Color SIG (special-interest
group) is run by a SYSOP (system op­
erator), Wayne Day, just like a private
bulletin-board system. Wayne has put
together a large collection of infor­
mation, programs, and text for all
CoCo nuts.
Some of the special areas and da­
tabases for the CoCo include OS-9,
18
HOT CoCo
February 1985
Flex, telecommunications, business,
utilities, graphics, music, games, and
MC- I O programs. The SIG also in­
cludes a help file for new users.
The Color SIG has a conferencing
mode for conducting l ive, real-time
conversations with other CoCo own­
ers. A regular feature includes guest
software and hardware developers
discussing their latest revisions or
answering questions about the Color
Computer. So, even if your car is
snowed in or you live in a remote
area of the country where software
authors tend not to gather, you can
still be directly involved in the CoCo
world .
Other SIGs
CompuServe can supply ski bu ffs
w i t h d a i l y updates on t h e m aj o r
slopes in the U . S . The American Ski
Association supplies t h e updates on
t h e Ski SIG.
I f skiing is not your bag, how about
multiplayer games, cooking, educa­
tion, travel, or sports, to name a few
topics of other SI Gs. There is also the
Author's SIG for writers. Groups in­
volved with golf, music, working at
home, ham radio, law, and literature
have their own SIGs, too.
Services
No matter what your interests are,
CompuServe has some service to aid
you. If you ' re interested in travel,
but not in joining a SIG, you'll find
some businesses there to help you
with everyt hing from p l an n i ng to
booking. Also on line are the De­
partment of State, the Official Air­
lines Guide, and the Pan Am Travel
Guide.
CompuServe provides more than
one service to interests such as taxes,
business, medicine, stocks, teaching,
soap operas, games, aviation , news,
weather, mining, handicapped services,
electronics, adventure, and blackjack,
among many others.
One of the most popular features,
acco rding to CompuServe, is CB
Simulato r . It works like a CB radio,
letting you exchange information or
o p i n ions by typing a t your k e y ­
boar d . CB S i mulator has s p e c i a l
c o m m a n d s t o c h a ng e c h a n n e l s ,
check your terminal status, identify
to whom you are talking, and exit
the mode. You could have a conver­
sation with any n u m ber of o t h e r
members calling from other states
and cities. This translates into low
long-distance communication costs
for you , e s p e c i a l l y if you access
CompuServe late at night when con­
nect rates are low .
Also attracting much attention for
CompuServe is the Electronic Mall,
where you'll find vendors for a va­
r i e t y of p r o d u c t s r a n g i n g f r o m
Heathkit com puters to Blooming­
d a l e c l o t h e s . Y o u can o r d e r a n y
number o f products or j ust down­
load i n formation for c o m p a r i s o n
shopping. The Electronic M al l o ffers
computer users supplies, peripher­
als, and books from vendors such as
Digital Researc h , N o v ation , M c ­
Graw-Hill, Waldenbooks, and C W
Communications, publisher o f many
computer magazines including HOT
Coco.
Finally, CompuServe offers gen­
eral-interest services such as on-line
news wires, stock quotes, national
and international AP weather, and
the Academic American Encyclope-
6809 On L i ne
ATTENTION
S UBSCRI�ERS
_
_
_
�
We occasionally make our mailing list available
to other companies or organizations with prod­
ucts or services which we feel might be of interest
to you. If you prefer that yow name be deleted
from such a list, please fill out the coupon below
or affix a copy of your mailing label and mail it to:
CW Communications/ Peterborough
HOT CoCo
P.O. Box 975
Farmingdale, NY 11737
dia. Several banks, including the
Horizon Home Bank , Huntington
National, Shawmut Bank of Bosto n,
and United American Ban k , provide
services through CompuServe.
There are more than 600 services
available on CompuServe, a l o n g
w i t h electronic m a i l a n d personal
computing space for storing large
programs or blocks of data. I will go
into greater detail about specific fea­
tures and services in future columns.
Membership Information
If I 've excited you about telecom­
mu n i c a t i n g , y o u c a n c o n t a c t
Com p u S e r v e a t 5 0 0 0 A r l i n g t o n
Centre Blvd . , Columbus, O H 43220.
Call t h e m toll- free a t 1 -8 00-8488990, or spend your own dime by
calling 1 -6 1 4-457-8650.
Radio Shack sells the U niversal
Sign-Up K i t for $ 1 9 . 95 (catalog
number 26-2224), which will get you
on line immediately.
CompuServe rates vary according
to your established baud rate and the
time of day. Prime rates are higher
for day hours at 1 , 200 baud . At
night the rate for 300 baud drops be­
low $7 an hour.
If you haven 't bought a modem
yet, look for one that includes a
CompuServe sign-up. Many vendors
include it as a premium .
I invite you to get in on the fun
and stay warm telecommunicating
the winter away. •
A ddress co r resp o n de n c e t o
Bobby Ballard, 1207 Eighth A ve.
4R, Brooklyn, NY 11215 or contact
him through CompuServe, CIS ID
72746. 2373.
Please delete my n ame
from mailing lists sent
to other companies or organizations.
address ___________________
city
state __ zip ___
HOT CoCo
Dealers
Dealers
Dealers
Selling HOT
CoCo will make money
for you . Consider the facts:
,,
c.>
Fact 1: Selling
HOT CoCo increases store
.;_
c.> r
/
.
.
traffic-our dealers tell us
that HOT CoCo is one of
"' ·
g!�c ?,��'
·,_\..\.
.x>.
�
f::
):
the hottest-selling
computer
.
Inside
""
�V
magazines on the newsstands. '?:r.:-...;�·
/
_._ c_ \. �
Fact 2: There
is a direct correlation be·'
�
·"'i\.
---tween store traffic and sales I !/ 1 �?.�:�:::··" :5l «r1'f?'
•l:..
-increase the number of
people coming through your door and you ' ll increase sales.
Fact 3: Fact 1 + Fact 2
INCREASED SALES, which
means more money for you . And that's a fact.
�·
\�
w''.'.�. �·'""""°�
�
·..;<.:
,,,...._
.,,
.
/
·
....
l'•r DC!Jhm�·•S
..
•..,
=
For information on selling H O T CoCo, call 800-3430728 (In N . H . call 924-947 1 ) and speak with our direct
sales manager. Or write to HOT CoCo, 80 Pine Street,
Peterborough, NH 0345 8 .
fi11®1T CoCo
8 0 Pine Street
Peterborough, N H 03458
800-343-0728
February 1985
HOT Coco
79
.------
DoctorASCII
__
by Richard E. Esposito, Jesse W. Jackson,
and Ralph E. Ramhoff
Having technical difficulties? Consult the Doctor for
an answer. Due to the volume of mail Doctor A SCII
receives, we cannot guarantee that your IJUery will be
published. Please send a self-addressed, stamped en velope
with all fellers to Doctor A SC/l c/o HOT CoCo, Pine
St. , Peterborough, NH 03458.
Q
How can I find out the required start, end, and EXEC
• addresses to save cassette machine-language programs to
disk? Are there are any books or magazines that list POKEs and
their uses? Chris Buffell, Grand Bank, NFLD, Canada.
A • PEEK(487)*256
F i r s t , C LO A D M the program ; then P RI NT
+ PEEK(488) gives the start address,
PR I NT PEEK( l 26)*256 + PEEK( l 27) gives the end address , and
P R I NT PEEK( J 57)*256 + PEEK( l 58) gives the EXEC address.
If the start address is below 3584, you need Tapefix from " Disk
Utilitites , " HOT CoCo, September 1 983, p. 1 34, because the
program otherwise interferes with Disk Basie's pointers. Micro­
com Software, P . O . Box 2 1 4, Fairport, NY 1 4450 markets
POKEs, PEEKs, 'N EXECs for $8.
Q
I have a CoCo 2 with 64K, one disk drive, and a DMP­
• 1 20 printer. l have written a program for my store that
provides a running inventory, rental status, and profits. l can't
figure out what the optimum CLEAR value should be in order
to hold the maximum amount of information in RAM. I'm using
three two-dimensional string arrays like A$(5,N) with 32 char­
acters per cell ma.ximum, two two-dimensional numeric arrays
like M(5,N) and four single-dimension arrays l ike X(5).
What is the largest value for N and what CLEAR value must
I use to get enough string space? Al Walser, Monroe, WA .
A • however, solving your problem this way can lead to other
There is a formula that will give N and the CLEAR value,
problems if the program ever needs to be modified . I ' l l first tell
you how to calculate N and the CLEAR value and then I ' ll discuss
a more flexible method of solving your problem.
To compute N you need the amount of free memory (total
memory minus your program size of Basie's pointers and stack),
the amount of memory taken by each of the N entries, and the
additional memory space used by your program. To obtain the
total free memory, load your program and type " PR INT MEM."
This will print the number of free memory bytes on your screen.
Remember, you can obtain additional memory by using a
PCLEAR I before you load the program. Each of the string ar­
rays is in the form of A$(5 ,N), so for each N there are five ele­
ments. Each element contains a length pointer (I byte) and the
data (up to 32 bytes) plus a variable pointer (2 bytes). Therefore,
the total string space per entry is 35 bytes/element * 5 elements/
array * 3 arrays/entry, or 525 bytes/entry of string space. Each
numeric element requires 5 bytes plus one variable pointer for the
entire array (2 bytes). Therefore, the memory space needed per
entry for the two-dimensioned numeric array is 5 bytes/element
* 5 elements/array * 2 arrays/entry + 4 bytes/entry (for point­
ers), or 50 bytes/entry + 4 bytes.
The single-dimensioned arrays take a fixed amount of space: 5
80
HOT CoCo
February 1985
bytes/elements * 5 elements/array * 4 arrays + 8 bytes of point­
ers, or 1 08 bytes . Totaling this gives you 575 bytes/entry + 1 1 2
bytes. The last piece of data that you need is the additional mem­
ory required. You must count a II your string variables and all your
numeric variables not included in the above arrays. For string
variables you need to know how long each one will be (ma.xi­
mum). The memory space needed for the string is the length +
I byte for the last pointer and + 2 bytes for the variable pointer.
For each numeric variable you need 5 bytes for the data and 2
bytes for the variable pointer. By adding these two numbers to­
gether you get your total additional memory requirements.
To compute N you need to subtract your total additional mem­
ory requirements and the 1 08 bytes from the number obtained
above from your total free memory. I recommend reserving 200300 bytes in addition to allow for some expansion room for your
program and for any errors in the computation. The number left
after the subtraction is the total memory available for your in­
dividual entries. To determine the number o f entries that will fit,
divide it by 5 7 5 . This gives you N. To get the CLEAR value, mul­
tiply N by 525 bytes/entry. You can probably use a smaller num­
ber since all your strings a re not 32 characters long. To find out
how much longer you can go, you need to determine how many
bytes out of the 32 bytes/entry are not being used.
The more flexible, and I believe more elegant, solution is to use
one direct-access file for your data rather than trying to keep
chunks of data in memory. Your disk drive is a random-access
device, which means that it can read record 100 and then go back
and read record 10. This random-access feature is what makes a
disk system more powerful than a cassette one for data manip­
ulation. Using direct access a l lows you to do sector-by-sector in­
put and output with your data file. You should read Chapter 7
of your disk manual and understand it thoroughly before trying
this.
Q
I own a l 6K Color Computer 2, which I would like to
• upgrade to 64K . A fter reading "64K Modification" (HOT
CoCo July l 983, p. 44), I removed the cover and found that there
are no j umpers and no positions labeled 64K. Withou t more in­
formation I don't want to use the two program listings for fear
of erasing the RO Ms. Do you have a procedure for upgrading my
computer? Robert G. Karl, Goose Creek, SC.
A • when the upgrade article was p u blished. The procedure for
Your machine is a Color Computer 2, which did not exist
upgrading is as follows: Remove the eight I 6K chips from sockets
U 14 to U2 l . Solder a j u mper wire connecting the two solder pads
to the right of W I. Install the eight new 64K RAM chips into
sockets U 14 to U 2 l . Unless you have experience soldering PC
boards, DO NOT attempt this yourself, have a qu alified tech­
nician clo the soldering for you . As there seems to be some con­
fusion concerning ROMs and RAMs, I am including a short
glossary of commonly used computer memories.
• ROM-Read-Only-Memory: This type of memory cannot be
written to. These chips are preprogrammed a t the factory.
• PROM-Programmable Read-Only Memory: This type of
memory requires special equipment to al low your computer to
write to it. Once they are written, they cannot be altered .
• EPROM-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory:
This type of memory requires special equipment to allow your
computer to write to it. A window in the top of the chip allows
Doctor ASCI I
it to be erased and reused by exposing it .to an ultraviolet light.
There are several varieties o f EPROM programmers for the
Coco.
• Dynamic RAM-Dynamic Random-Access Memory or Dy­
namic Read/Write Memory (RWM): Use of this type of mem­
ory chip is widespread throughout the computer industry.
These chips require a refresh cycle from the computer to retain
their data. On the CoCo the 6883 synchronous address multi­
plexer (SAM) chip handles the refresh.
• Static RAM (or RWM)-Static Random-Access Memory:
These chips are somewhat more expensive and less dense than
the dynamic variety and have only marginal advantage in that
they do not require a refresh cycle.
Q
I hope I have a simple question that needs only a simple
• answer. I own a fawn-colored CoCo (not a CoCo 2), Ra­
dio Shack drive 0, and l, and an Epson MX-80 printer with a
Micro Works Pi-80C serial-to-parallel interface. I purchased a
program from Radio Shack called Disk Graphics. The program
works great with my CoCo and monitor. However, I bought the
program because I need a printed copy o f the graph. This pro­
gram is supposed to send the display screen to the printer, but all
I get is garbage! I had the same problem with Disk Scripsit. This
patch corrects the problem o f Scripsit:
LO ADM' ' DOS/BIN"
POKE &HEBC,&HBD
POKE &HEBD,&H06
POKE &HEBE,&H 12
SA VEM" DOS/BIN" ,&HE41 ,&H IEAO,&H I 050
This did not work with Disk Graphics. Do you have a patch that
will make this program work with my Epson printer? James R.
Demers, Chicopee, MA .
A • pie answer could be purchasing DynaCalc, which is avail­
Sorry, no simple answer for you, James. However, a sim­
able with graphics! DynaCalc (Computer Systems Center, 1 3461
Olive Blvd .. Chesterfield, MO 630 1 7) is a spreadsheet program
that can present entered or calculated worksheet data in the form
of line graphs, bar graphs, and pie charts. But since i t's about
$ 100 , I would call that an alternative solution, considering the
following possibilities.
Even though you think you have the same problem with Scripsit
as with Disk Graphics, you don't. Your problem with Scripsit was
the serial format, the problem with Disk Graphics is that Epson
and Radio Shack graphics codes are different, though the format
problem may stiJI exist there, too. Your Epson printer requires an
escape sequence (esc K n l , n2, or esc L nl ,n2) to toggle it into high­
or low-resolution graph.ics mode and inform it as to how many
horizontal columns are allowed (nl *256 + n2). Radio Shack print­
ers have only one mode, requiring a code of a single byte $ 1 2
(DC2).
If Disk Graphics saved its pictures in binary form, you could
use any graphics-dump program that works with your Epson
printer, but I don't think Disk Graphics does that. Try this: Call
up a chart on Disk Graphics, return to the main men u , and exit
to Basic. Type in and run the following program .
Use combinations o f graphics modes and pages to try to find your
picture. If it remains after exiting Disk Graphics, you can use a
screen-dump program that works with Epson printers .
I f you want to get Disk Graphics to work with the Epson from
within the program, you'll have to disassemble the graphics-dump
portion, looking for the Radio Shack printer escape sequence.
When you find that, you'll have to patch the code in for your
Epson escape sequence. Since this isn't a one-for-one substitu­
tion, you'll probably have to jump out of Disk Graphics to an
unused RAM area for your patch, then jump back into Disk
Graphics just after the Radio Shack sequence.
Q
If you have Disk Basic 1 . 1 , you are instructed to execute
• Sands of Egypt by entering the command " DOS . " This
command is not documented in the Radio Shack disk manual.
What is this command? What does it do? Joe S. Garzik, Green­
·
ville, NC.
The DOS command was added to make it easier to boot
A • the CoCo into OS-9. Radio Shack's OS-9 package comes
with two disks, one containing the boot loader, the other the real
OS-9 disk. The boot supplied on the disk is simply a machine­
language program that reads in the true boot loader from the sec­
ond dis k , giving us a pair of boots! Seriously, remember Disk
Basic and OS-9 disks have different file structures and Radio
Shack didn't want to leave those with Disk Basic 1 .0 out o f the
OS-9 market. I think they put in the DOS command to save disks,
not because we're too lazy to do a two-disk boot!
The DOS command reads track 34 of the disk in drive 0 into
memory starting at &H2600, and then EXECs it at &H2602. Here
is a program that lets you put a position-independent code (Pl C)
machine-language program on a freshly formatted disk so that
when you type DOS, it loads and EXECs for you! Please note
that the start address must also be the transfer (EXEC) address,
and the program must be 4,094 bytes or less.
l0
CLEAR
7 0� :
A$=S�RING$ ( 1 28 , 25 5
) : B$=A$
20
PRINT"
EO
DISK ETTE
IN
30
DY
I N PUT"
" ; SA
P R E SS
40
FRESHLY
DRIVE
A
0
ALSO
50
BE
TRANSFER
I N P UT " E N D
60
IF
70
DS K I S
SA-EA
K EY
80
IF
WHEN
REA
" ; SA '
MUS
ADDRESS
ADDRESS
>4�94
FORMATT
"
I NPUT " S T A R T ADDR E S S
T
6
I NSERT
" ; EA
THEN
500
0 , 1 7 , 2 , AS , BS
I NSTR ( 6 6 , A$ , CH R $ ( 2 5 5 ) )
<>6
T H E N 600
90
IF
I NSTR ( 6 7 , A$ , CHR$ ( 2 5 5 ) )
7 THEN 600
100 M I D$ ( A$ , 6 6 , 2 )
1 ) : SA=SA- 2 '
=
ADJUST
<>6
STRING$ ( 2 , 20
START
ADDRESS
1 10
DSK0$
0 , 1 7 , 2 ,A$ , B$
120
130
FOR S E = l T O 1 8
VA=VARPTR ( A$ ) : VB = V A R P T R ( B $ )
140
A0 = P E E K ( VA + 2 ) * 2 5 6 + P E E K ( V A + 3 )
: B0 = P E E K ( V B + 2 ) * 2 5 6 + P E E K ( VB + 3 )
150
(
SA
155
FOR
I = 0T01 2 7 :
P OK E
+ ( SE-1 ) *256+I
IF
SE=l
T H EN
) :
POKE
A 0 + 1 , 8 3 ' F I R S T TWO
160
FOR
I=0T01 2 7 :
A0+I , P E E K
NEXT
I
A0 , 7 9 : PO K E
BYTES
POK E
=
"
OS"
B0+ I , P E EK
( SA + ( S E - 1 ) * 2 5 6 + I + 1 2 8 ) : N E X T I
1 7 0 P R I N T " T R A C K 3 4 , S E CTOR " ; S E :
P R I NTA$ , B $
10 CLS
20
;M
I NP U T '
PM O DE
SELECT
(
0-4
)
30
I NP U T "
PAGE
SELECT
(
1-8
)
;P
4 0 PMODE M , P : S C R E E N
5 0 I F I N K EY S = " " T H E N
6 0 G OT 0 2 li
1,1
50
"
.
180
185
DSKOS 0 , 3 4 , SE , AS , BS
I F ( SA + S E * 2 5 6 ) > E A T H E N
190
N EXT
200
P R I N T " DONE
210
END
500
PRINT"
20 0
SE
: GOT0 4 0
6 00 P R I N T "
"
F I LE
TRACK
LENGTH
34
HAS
EXCEEDED"
F I L ES " :
G OT 0 20 "
February
1985
HOT Coco
81
.----
Reader S Foru m
_�
EDT ASM + Control
Color Basic TIMER
Here is an easy way to control the cassette motor and audio
while using Radio Shack's EDTASM + ROM pack.
First, enter Z-Bug. Then, type " B" and press the enter key to
enter the single-byte mode. To turn on the cassette motor type:
• FF21 / (this will prompt the current value of this byte)
• JC and enter (turns on cassette motor)
• To turn off the cassette motor repeat above instructions, but
type J4 instead of JC.
To turn on t h e audio type:
• FFO I / (this will prompt current value of byte)
• BC and enter
e FF23/
• BC and enter (cassette audio will now be on)
To turn off audio repeat above instructions, but type B4 instead
of BC.
Note that if you return to the edit mode the audio will be au­
tomatically shut off. So perform all tape alignments and adjust­
ments while in Z-Bug.
The absence of the TIMER function in Color Basic forces many
programs to use loops and counters for timing, an unreliable pro­
cedure because it depends on the speed of the Basic interpreter,
which is far from constant. More accurate timing capability is,
however, available in Color Basic from the duration countdown of
the SOUND statement. The trick is to activate the countdown with­
out activating sound.
To do this, first POKE 6528J,PEEK(6528J)O R I . This POKE
activates a machine-language interrupt handler in Color Basic. You
can now turn on the timing countdown, so sound might not be used
during timing.
POKE 1 4 1 ,255:POKE 142,255 turns on the countdown. Think
of this as equivalent to the statement TIMER = O in Extended Basic
if you are doing program conversions. Replace TIMER thereafter
with the formula ( 655J5-PEEK(l 4 1 )*256-PEEK( l 42)). In original
programs, you will probably want to use (655J5-PEEK( l 4 1 ) *256PEEK( 1 42))/60 as a count of elapsed seconds. (The Extended Basic
version would read TIMER/60.)
This method o f measuring elapsed time di ffers from TIMER
only in two minor respects. When TIMER reaches its limit o f just
over 1 8 minutes, it automatically resets to zero and continues to
time. The countdown in Color Basic will simply turn itself off a fter
the maximum time period. Also, TIMER is activated by Extended
Basic when you turn on your computer. A fter a while, its value is
unpredictable by t h e human mind so it can be used in R N D( ) t o
reseed the random-number generator. T I M E R activated manually
will not effectively reseed the random-number generator.
James A1cDowell
Burlingon, VT
Secret Algorithm
Ronny Ong
This drawing-board program uses the right joystick to move a
cursor around the screen, as do other drawing-board programs. I
have added an algorithm that moves the dot around the screen
t"aster in correspondence to how far you can move the joystick. This
feature allows for more accurate drawings, and you spend less time
correcting errors.
The following listing is my secret algorithm in a simple program
that you can elaborate on or modify.
Warren Hyde
Miami, FL
A rlington, TX
Speed Your Screen
This short program speeds the creation of your high-resolution
graphics screens. It simply makes a 1 0-by-IO grid on your screen,
eliminating the need to First draw on graph paper.
Brian A lsop
Trafford, PA
1 0 PMODE 4 , l : PC L S
2 0 I N PUT " S P E E D ( FAST : l - S LOW : l O
0 ) " ;S
3 0 SCREEN 1 , 1
4 0 A = I NT ( ( JOYSTK ( 0 ) - 3 2 ) / S ) : B = I NT
( ( JOYSTK ( l ) - 3 2 ) /6 )
5 0 I F ABS ( A ) =A T H E N 7 0
6 0 A $ = " M " +STR$ ( A ) + " , " + ST R$ ( B ) :
GOTO 8 0
7 0 A $ = " M + " + S T R$ ( A ) + " , " + ST R $ ( B )
8 0 FOR X = l TO S : N EXT X
9 0 DRAW A $
1 0 0 GOTO 4 0
82
HOT CoCo
February 1985
1 0 S C R E E N l , O : PMOD E 4 , l : PC L E AR 4 : P
CLS
2 0 FOR I = O TO 1 9 2 S T EP 1 0
3 0 L I N E ( O , I ) - ( 2 5 5 , I ) , PS E T
40 NEXT
5 0 F O R I = O TO 2 5 5 S T E P 1 0
6 0 L I N E ( I , 0 ) - ( I , 1 9 2 ) , PS ET
7 0 N EXT
80 S C R EEN l , O : GOTO 8 0
DIGISECTOR.
DS-69
VIDEO
DIGITIZER
FOR THE
coco
G ive your COCO the gift of sight !
The M i c ro Works is happy to introd uce the newest
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Ease of Use Software on d isk w i l l get you up and
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The DS-69 D i g i sector
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world for you a n d you r
COCO. You r com puter
can be a security system,
take portraits, analyze
s i gnatures, i nspect
assembly work . . .
the DS-69 is you r COCO's
eyes. Use the DS-69 and a TV camera to get fast,
p recise conversion o f v i d eo s i g n a l s i n to d i g ital data.
Powerful C-SEE™ software.
C-See is a men u-d riven software package i n c l uded
with you r DS-69. It provides h i g h speed 5 level d i g itiz­
i n g to the screen , h ig h p re c i s i o n 1 6 level d i g itizing for
s u p e r b hard copy pri ntout, a n d s i m p l e software con­
trol of brig ht ness and contrast. Or c a l l our driver rou­
ti nes from your own Bas i c
program f o r easy 6 4 level
random access d i g i t i z i n g .
Pictures taken by t h e
DS-69 m ay be saved on
d i sk by C-See and t h e n
edited b y o u r o p t i o n a l
M AG I G RA P H package for
e n h ancements and
special effects.
The DS-69 comes with a one year warranty. C-See
s u p ports both cassette and d i sk operation w i t h the
M u lti-Pak adaptor and req u i res 64K. Cameras and
other accessories are ava i l a b l e from The M icro
Works. Let you r COCO see the Worl d !
•
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•
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$ 39.95
Ter ms: V i s a , M astercard, C h e c k or C . O . D .
Purveyors of Fine Video Digitizers Since 1 977.
Th� O © �
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92014
P.O. Box 1 1 1 0
card
1977
Del M ar, C A
Circle Reader Service
"" See List of Advertisers on page 89
(619) 942·2400
H 196
February 1985
HOT Coco
83
.-----
REVIEWS_-----CONTENTS
Wizard
I
Easy-File
I
ease of use
documentation
error handling
performance
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
84
85
Datalist
87
Computer Olympics 88
BBS L og Book
88
Introducing L ogo
90
Pre-Algebra I,
Integers
N/A
90
Universal Video
Application Software
Driver
edited by J. Scot Finnie
Wizard
D. Dean Rector
2601 Bridalwood Drive, Apt. 4
Knoxville, TN 37917
16-64K, Telewriter-64
$16.95 cassette
(Program is disk compatible.)
patch as is, you'll learn a great deal
about the way Telewriter is organized .
How It Works
by Scott L. Norman
izard is a program for Telewriter-
W64 devotees. It is a patch that out­
fits this favorite word processor with a
brand-new video alphabet. The prod­
uct has other benefits, too. If you study
Wizard ' s docu mentation carefully,
you ' ll be able to further modify the dis­
play to suit your typographical tastes.
Even if you do nothing but install the
STANJARD CHARACTER SET:
a
b
[
d
e
F
g
h i j k I
M
n
o
Wizard is a short Basic program
that replaces the stock character ta­
bles used by Telewriter w i t h new
ones. That's not as mysterious as it
s o u n d s . The character tables are
nothing but a 7 5 6-byte c h u n k of
R A M contain i ng n umerical codes
that define how the video pixels turn
on and off to represent the charac­
ters in Telewriter's repertoire.
Because Telewriter has two com-
P q r s
t
u Y � x � z
A B C D E F G H I J K L " N D P Q R S T U V U X � 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
:
t , ,1 < > ?
- ! U � $ � &
I
( ) *
:
a ;
Fig. J. Telewriter's Wide Character Set. Notice that the lowercase
g, q, and y do not actuafly extend below the line.
84
HOT CoCo
February 1985
92
�
plete character sets, there is more
than one table. One defines every­
thing in a four-pixel-wide matrix,
and another defines a matrix that is
three pixels wide. The tables and
character sets you use depend on the
l i n e length y o u choose fo r y o u r
video d is p l a y , t h e capabilities o f
your television set o r monitor, and
your own taste. Dean Rector, the
program's author, created complete
upper- and l o w ercase a l ph a b e t s ,
punctuation marks, and a new num­
ber 9 for both narrow and wide char­
acter sets.
Keep a few things in mind about
this program. Wizard affects only
the video display. The appearance of
printed text depends on information
stored in your printer's ROM and is
not a ffected by any mucking around
you do in the character tables. The
program is also a modi fication to
Telewriter-64, the current " all-ROM
versions, all-RAM sizes" edition of
the word processor. Although I have
not tested Wizard with any of the
earlier versions, I doubt very much
that it would work with them-at
least, not without a great deal of ad­
dress modification.
Wizard uses DAT A s tatements
and their corresponding POKEs t o
b c d e f � � i j � l ft n a p q r
�a CD
t
u
�
w x
�
z
E F G � I J � L " N D P Q R S 1 U Y. W X V l
1. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
+
s
, -1 < > ?
:
- ! n � $ Y. g . ( ) * = a ;
•
Fig. 2. Wizard's Wide Character Set. There are descenders on
many of the lo wercase letters and a few of the uppercase letter.>
as well. The small black triangles are carriage return markers.
REVIEWS
------i
_
_
_
_
get character codes into memory. I t
can b e u s e d as e i t h e r a r u n - t i m e
package-a separate program you
i nvoke after you get the conven­
t i o nal versio n o f Telewriter run­
ning-or a permanent modification
to Telewriter itself. Neither the size
of the text bu ffer, nor any other as­
pect of Telewriter's operation, is af­
fected by t h e c h a n g e s . W i za r d ' s
documentation contains complete
instructions for both kinds of oper­
ation, and for using either a cassette
or disk system.
Wizard performs RAM tests to lo­
cate the character tables before start­
ing up. Their location is different for
64K computers than for l 6K and
32K computers, and also depends on
whether you are using disk or cas­
sette. Telewriter might have been
loaded with a n address offset, a s
wel l; there is plenty of checking for
the program to do.
How It Looks
Trying to describe a type font i n
print i s similar to attempting t o ex­
plain a spiral staircase without using
your hands. Take a look at Figs. 1
and 2 for examples of the standard
four-pixel-wide Telewriter-64 char­
acter set and the new one created by
Wiza r d . B o t h photographs w e r e
taken from t h e screen of a nine-inch
monochrome monitor.
The most apparent di fference be­
tween the type styles is the lack of
descenders (portions of the letters
that extend below the line) in Tele­
writer's lowercase alphabet; look at
the g and p, for example. The Wiz­
ard typeface has several descenders
that drop one pixel below the line.
This makes the text more readable,
although it is still not as clear as the
printed page. (Because most printers
use a larger character matrix than
the CoCo's video display does, they
can devote two dots to descenders . )
The character set that Wizard pro­
duces has descenders w he r e you
might n o t expect them . For instance,
the f, 1 , and t have descenders. Some
uppercase letters have descenders as
wel l. I n the instruction leaflet, Rec­
tor writes that h e chose a calligra­
p h e r ' s free w h e e l i ng approach t o
designing h i s alphabet, primarily for
reasons of proportion .
M y first impression of Wizard' s
alphabet was that t h e letters had too
much of an uneven look-as though
"Perhaps best
of all,
you can customize
Wizard
to fit your
o wn needs. "
they were hand-drawn, or as though
a Hobbit had gotten into my com­
puter . After using my modified copy
of Telewriter for some major pieces
of writing, however, I became much
m o r e co m fo r t a b l e w i t h t h e n e w
style. I think the new three-pixel­
wide letters make 60-character lines
more legible on a nine-inch monitor.
The difference is less pronounced
when I switch to a 1 3-inch screen .
Wizard 's typeface looks better on
a 1 3 - i n c h b l a c k - a n d - w h i t e TV
screen, too , but for t h a t application
I still prefer to restrict Telewriter to
a 5 1 -character l i n e w i t h t h e wide
character set.
I suspect that I'll end up custom­
izing the typeface even more before
I am completely satisfied . Wizard 's
documentation points out a pretty
painless method. The scheme used to
encode the on and off pixels in the
character matrix is illustrated with a
figure, and the text tells you how to
find the RAM address of any char­
acter in the table if you want to do
the modification POKEs while the
program is loaded. Alternately, you
c o u l d m o d i fy t h e a p p r o p r i a t e
DATA statement i n Wizard ' s source
code; it's reprinted in the leaflet.
It Does More
Wizard makes another change in
the Telewriter display: it generates
carriage-return markers-the small
black triangles i n Fig. 2. These are
not p a r t i c u l a r l y u s e fu l w h e n t h e
word-wrap feature i s turned o n , ex­
cept for c o u n t i ng b l a n k l i n e s be­
tween pieces o f text. They can be
handy i f you use Telewriter to pre­
pare program source code, however,
because t h at ' s w here a misplaced
carriage return could have serious
consequences.
You can also customize the video by
changing the screen color of the editor
and the speed of cursor movement.
Replacing a pair of REM statements
in the Wizard code does the job. I like
the setting of the cursor, but I did wel­
come the opportunity to change the
d i s p lay background from bl f( to
green. The original setup produces a
large change in monochrome contrast
w h e n you s h i ft from a Telewriter
menu to the editor. After changing to
green, I no longer have to ride herd on
my monitor's intensity control.
The final customization option
has to d o with replacing Telewriter's
standard line feed -code (ASCI I 1 3 ,
actually a carriage return) with
something else, such a s the ASCII 1 0
required by some printers .
I recommend Wizard for Telewri­
ter devotees who want to do some­
t h i ng n i c e for t h e i r hard-w o r k i ng
word processor. Dean Rector clearly
knows his way around Telewriler,
and I think his program performs a
great service. Perhaps best of all is
the program's ability to let you cus­
tomize it to fit your own needs . •
I
I
ease of use
documentation
error handling
performance
1 0 t-----+----t---t--1
9 1------+---4
8 t-----+----t---t--1
7 f----+----4
6 1-----+----t---t--i
5
4
3
2
1
t-----+----t---t--i
1-----+----+--i
t-----+----+--<
1-----+----+--l
Application Software
Easy-File
Mark Data Products
24001 Alicia Pkwy, 207
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
714-768-1551
32K, disk drive,
Extended Color Basic
80-column printer optional
$59.95
by Steve Brown
ark Data Products is creating a li­
M brary of application programs for
the CoCo that work alike-a family ap­
proach that doesn't require the user to
learn a new set of instructions with each
program. (See HOT CoCo, June 1 984,
p. 24 for a review of Mark Data's Busi­
ness Accounting System and July 1 984,
p. 98 for a review of the Order Entry
System.) Easy-File is a database-man­
agement system that shares the menu­
driven format and many of the features
February 1985
HOT Coco
85
REVIEWS
of the other Mark Data business programs .
"I've examinedfour
comes a reference for the rest of the program functions.
In addition to being clever, this routine saves you time. Easy-File can perform a five-level sort and handle more
than 600 records. But it sorts directly
from the disk file, requiring frequent
and time-consuming disk accessing. It
manages to save time because it never
reshu ffles the records on a disk. I nstead
it follows an index file. And Easy-File
can store several index files at once.
on an 80-column sheet. The program
lets you establish three separate report
formats for each file. Easy-File reporting has a mailing-label option for printing on standard 1 5 / 16-inch g u m med
labels. In addition, it can automatically
print names in last-name-first or firstname-last order. A record in your file
might be recorded as "Smith, Joe, "
sorted alphabetically by S m i t h , and
printed on mail labels or reports as ' ' Joe
Smith. "
One of Easy-File's best features is the
panic key. I f you get lost while foil owing
the menus or become unsure of where
you are going, you can press the downarrow key to go back to the previous
menu. Although Easy-File isn't difficult to use, database managers are unfamiliar to many of us. It's nice to be
able to go back and double check once
in a while to get your bearings.
There are still other things that EasyFilecan do. It lets you create a password
for each disk file, a process that bars the
program from accessing a protected file
without your password . Easy-File can
also arrange fields in a dollar-and-cents
format and total them.
Features
Summary
Easy-File has a feature its documentalion calls a "delete" code that marks
records for special handling. If you put
a delete code into a record, Easy-File no
longer accesses it during searches.
Suppose some members of your
CoCo club temporarily cancel their subscriptions to the club newsletter while
on vacation. If you had Easy-File to
handle your mailing list, you could put
delete codes on the travelers' name records to keep the newsletter from piling
up outside their doors. But their name
records would not actually be deleted
from your file. When they return home,
you could just remove the delete codes
to start up their subscriptions again.
These are more like "ignore" codes
because records aren't deleted, they're
just passed over by the program. Delete
codes permit a whole range of file-handling tricks. Most importantly, you can
save records that have delete codes into
an entirely di fferent disk file. In other
words, you can use delete codes as a criterion for record selection.
Easy-File offers several print-format
options, including vertical or horizontal, and 80- or 1 32-column modes. You
can imbed codes during the formatting
procedure to send compressed characters to the printer that print 1 32 columns
In reviewing software for the CoCo
over the last couple of years, I' ve consistently found Mark Data's documentalion to be among the clearest and most
complete. Easy-File documen tation
maintains this high standard in three
ways. It leads you through all the functions of its programs. It comes with
demonstration files and report format
already on the disk. It includes a nameand-address file and a household-inventory file on the disk. All you have to do
is run through the manual, call up the
formats , and start plugging in your
data.
I 've exam ined four database programs for the CoCo in the last few
months. Easy-File is the easiest to master and the one that best addresses my
needs. Its menu-driven format is a boon
because the logical steps of the menu
seem to come naturally.
Easy-File is what its name suggests.
But it is also much more than that. It is
a sophisticated database manager that
offers CoCo owners as much flexibility
as you can expect. Easy-File's documentation is superb; its demos are tools
in themselves. If you need to better organize the inform ation in your l i fe,
E a s y-Fi l e m i g h t j u s t be t h e best
method. •
database programs
for the CoCo
Performance
Easy-File comprises five separate
programs . It lets you chain these programs together to operate file-handling
functions without loading and reloading programs. When you run Easy-File,
a set-up routine loads and executes
Mark Data's Super Screen . (See HOT
CoCo, January 1 984, p. 40 for a review
of Super Screen.) Super Screen i s a
screen environment that prints all computer output to the graphics screen instead of the text screen , allowing you a
52-character by 24-line working area.
Easy-File lets you build files as large
as a disk with records up to 254 bytes
long. With a one-drive system, it stores
information directly on the program
disk. If you have two disk-drives, EasyFi le uses one drive for the program and
the other for a data disk.
You enter data into Easy-File one
screen at a time. The program prompts
you for the information required by
each field . You can change or correct
data at any time, either during or after
typing it. I ' d like to see a full-screen editor in future modifications that lets you
make changes or additions anywhere on
the screen and save them.
To set up records with Easy-File, you
enter the character lengths of the fields
you want. Once you have formatted a
file in this manner, all the records in the
file retain that format. If you change
your mind, the program also has a routine that modifies the layout of the
field s . Easy-File can sort and print
based on fields.
Easy-File can sort and select records
by record number and by content s .
When a file is written to the disk, it is
assigned a sequential record number.
Because you might not remember what
record number you want, the program
can also look for a name, a zip code, or
a similar bit of data. Easy-File can
search for exact-character matches or
wildcard-character matches, such as
Smithe, Smithson, or Smith field for
Smith .
Easy-File has a clever and efficient
approach for handling files. Once you
flush out a file's records on disk, the
program never rearranges them, even
during sorting procedures. Instead, it
opens an index file in which it writes the
record numbers in an order that corresponds with whatever file-ordering
functions you select. An index file be-
I
86
HOT CoCo
February 1985
in the last
few months.
Elite-File is
the easiest to master
and the one that
best addresses
my needs. "
REVIEWS
"Datalist 's
I
I
e ase of use
documentation
performa nee
error handling
10 ,______.
9 r----o
8 1-------t
7 1------l
6 1-----1--
5
4
3
2
1
,______.
1-------t
,______.
1-------t
Application
Software
Datalist
Computer Associates Inc.
P.O. Box 683
West Fargo, ND 58078
800-437-4757
32K, Extended Color Basic
$24.95 cassette
$32.95 disk
by John Ogasapian
n atalist is a well-conceived and
easy-to-use database manager. It
has all the standard, small database­
management routines and does n ' t
take up much space i n RAM . In fact,
the program leaves a large portion of
RAM for file contents.
When you start up Datalist, you
d o n ' t need any extra P O K E commands. For t h e cassette version, reviewed here, entering CLOAD and
the RUN command twice does i t all.
Then you type in the size of the file
you want to store. The program clears
su fficient string space and displays the
main menu, from which you can format a new file or load an old one.
Once a file is in the memory, you can
call up Datalist 's other routines, ineluding adding, deleting, sorting (with
a fast machine-language subroutine),
saving, listing, and printing.
Wi h D atali st, you can pr i nt al I or
part of any number of records in a file,
in horizontal-report and vertical mail­
ing-label formats. The horizontal re­
port print routine is designed for the
Epson MX-80 qnd Gemini-I 0 printers
and offers a choice of 1 0, 1 2 , or 1 7
characters per inch,
This program is d ifficult to crash.
Pressing the break key, which is easy
to do accidently when you are trying
to enter numeric data quickly, inter­
rupts the program. But you can re­
store the main menu-without data
r--
document(ltion
is well written
and easy to
understand,
making the program
a good bet
for the novice.
It 's very easy
to learn and use
\
right away. "
I
loss-by entering GOTO I . I n fact ,
GOTO I i s D a t a l i s t ' s a l l - pu rpose
crash control, and i t works very well.
P ressing the clear key by accident
merely invokes a " Redo" prompt. If
you push the break key and then enter
RUN, everything comes to a grinding
halt. The key combination voids the
memory and returns the program to
its title routine.
Datalist wraps characters that can't
fit on a line or in a field around to the
(s;i · port) v. t. 1 . To bear the weight of, especially from underneath; uphold in position; keep from failing, etc.
2. To bear or sustain (weight; etc . ) 3. To keep from failing; strengthen: PBJ, Inc. supports theirproduct line with
technic•I personnel th•t •re •lw•ys there to help you. 4. To serve, to uphold or corroborate(a statement, theory,
etc.) substantiate; verify: PBJ, Inc. receives testimoni•ls on • d•i�v b•sis th•t support their product line. 5. To
provide (a person, institution) with maintenance; provide for: PBJ, Inc. supports the Coco user by consistent�v
cre•ting new •dv•ncements in their field.
Synonym:
PBJ, Inc.
Circle Reader Service card #214
A long description indeed, yet very applicable to the kind of service delivered by PBJ , Inc. When
the serious CoCo user needs back-up support, technical information or assistance, PBJ , Inc. is
there ! From the products they manufacture through to the strategic solutions they offer,
PBJ, I nc. has rightfully gained the reputation of " the company with the most support for the
Color Computer. "
"lnno v•tive Products for the CoCo User "
Call or write today for our FREE Catalog . . .
P.O . Box 8 1 3 • North Bergen, N . J . 07047 • 201-330-1898
11<111
• [)�IJH•J
v-
See List of Advertisers on page 89
/ ill/� d IVi/1'.IW/1\ //l/<f'/1'1/J,.tr1J/
/),, II·"'''"
February 1985
HOT CoCo
87
R EVIEWS
___,
_
_
_
_
nexc line or field. For this reason, i f
your printer doesn ' t have condensed­
print capability, you must be careful
about the nu mber of characters in
each record . An inconvenient aspect
of the program is that you have to
reenter a record to correct or edit a sin­
gle field once you have exited it.
In the print routine, Data]jst sorts
and sets up print runs with a "target­
character" string search that requires
a cumbersome set of operat i o n s .
However, a main-menu routine scrolls
your file vertically and numbers the
characters, making the process easier
once you are used to it.
D atalis t ' s documentation is well
written and easy to understand, mak­
ing the program a good bet for the
novice. The main-menu routines have
secondary menus and prompts to
guide you through commands. Data­
list is very easy to learn and use right
away. In addition, its documentation
contains a tutorial that leads you
through each routine with a s ix-record
sample file.
Considering its price, reliability,
ease of use, and ability to handle any­
thing that might reasonably be ex­
pected of a 32K database manager,
Datalist is an excellent program. I t
might not run a mail-order business or
keep track of all the books in a public
library, but Datalist is an ideal data­
base program for almost all home,
college, and personal filing needs. •
I
I
organization production quality
thoroughness
readability
10 r---+----+--1
9 t-----t----+---1
8 1------+---I--t-
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2 r------t--+---1--iBooks
Computer Olympics
Stephen Manes and
Paul Somerson
Hard/Soft Press, Scholastic Inc.
703 Broadway
New York, NY 10003
2 12-505-3000
$4.95 softcover, 168 pp.
by Richard Ramella
omputer Olympics comprises 3 9
C programs with Olympic themes.
The book provides versions for the
88
HOT CoCo
February 1985
C!DMPUTER
DLYMPIC!S
SlEPHEN MAl�ES AND PAUl 50MEFISON
I
organization production quality
thoroughness
readability
10
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8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
BBS Log Book
Computer Olympics. Hard/Soft Press
Books
NIA
Robert E. Ballard
Atmospheres
1 207 Eighth Ave.
Brooklyn, N Y 1 1215
212-788-6799
$5 .95, spiral bound notebook,
77 pp.
by Jeffery S . Parker
Color Computer and the MC- I O . I n
reading the listings I found n o MC1 0-illegal commands or statements.
The listings are written in elemen­
tary Basic, so expect no sound or
graphics, and little movement. The
original versions are for the I BM PC
and PCj r . Special sections following
the listings provide changes for the
Coco. I entered several programs
w i t h c h anges for the C o C o a n d
found n o bugs .
One of the most complex programs,
Basketball Action, is a kind of run­
ning commentary of a game whose ac­
t i o n and s c o r i n g are d e t e r m i n e d
randomly. Other titles present a fair
idea of their content: Olympic Trans­
lator, How Long Is That Race? , and
Carry the Torch, a text drawing of a
torch.
Some p r o g r a m s ' t i t l es seem to
promise more than they deliver. A
View from the Blimp is in fact a se­
ries of words, such as hooray and
rah, that represent an unseen crow d.
Text graphics of diving competitions
are the same each lime-a simplistic,
pseud o-animation.
Young readers will learn Olympic
facts, get practice typing in short list­
ings, and perhaps begin to learn pro­
gramming techniques. As an adult, I
was interested in comparing listings
for IO computer models.
Any work that manages to fit list­
ings to different brands of computers
tends to leave out some of the most in­
teresting program features . But this
book 's wealth of simple material and
low price make it a bargan. •
he BBS Log Book will be famil­
to amateur radio operators
and people who use business phones .
It is a log book designed to hold op­
erating information for a bulletin­
board service (BBS) directory and a
personal phone directory.
The book has a three-section for­
mat: BBS log, a personal directory,
and a telephone log. The BBS log
'
helps you keep track of all the in­
for m a t i o n n e c e s s a r y to c o n t a c t
BBSes , including access numbers,
passwor d s , baud r ates , messages,
correct times, dates, and whether
programs have been up- o r down­
loaded .
The personal directory is printed
on the divider between the BBS log
and the telephone log. It contains
c o l u m n s for n o t i ng i n fo r m a t i o n
about accessing databases such as
The Source and CompuServe, and
long-distance services such as M C I
and Tymnet. You can also use it to
keep track of security and Control
codes, and access numbers.
The final format is the telephone
log , designed for regular telephone
calls. This feature is handy for mak­
ing a record of phone calls or keep­
ing track of phone bills.
There are a couple of things to con­
sider when using this boo k . The first
is a question of security. With all my
passwords in one place, I want to keep
the book under lock and key at all
times. Second, you must do a signifi­
cant amount of telecommun icating
for the book to really serve its pur­
pose.
Tiar
lliI®li Coco
Reader Service Number
60
325
335
219
121
.
18
506
507
223
536
243
209
216
363
Page Number
Aleph Unlimited . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Bacchus Computer Systems
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Cer-Comp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3
Clgria Company . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Cognitec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Colorware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Computer Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0
Computer Systems Center . . . . 77
Computer Systems Center . . . . 24
Computer Systems Consultants 57
Cybertron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 7
Dataman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Deft Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Dorsett Educational Systems
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
D P Johnson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
EAP Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Bectronlc Supermarket . . . . . . 39
I N DEX TO ADVERTISERS
Reader Service Number
98
440
.
91
101
1 90
196
337
Page Number
Green Mountain Micro . . . . . . 37
HJL Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CIV
HOT CoCo
Back Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Dealer Sell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Foreign Dealer . . . . . . . . . . 1 3,46
HOT Coco Subscription . . . . . . . 8
Instant CoCo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Malling List . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,79
Moving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Subscription Problems . . . . . . . 27
University Micros . . . . . . . . . 1 7 .93
Incentive Software . . . . . . . . . . 75
J & M Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . CHI
JBM Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Mark Data Products . . . . . . . . . 63
Micro Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Nibble Notch Computer Products
93
Advertising Offices:
Reader Service Number
298
214
1 24
1 85
4
37
70
456
236
386
387
388
342
93
97
Page Number
Ozone Engineering . . . . . . .
P.B.J . . Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Perry Computers . . . . . • . . .
R.G.S. Micro. Inc . . . . . . . . .
Radio Shack . . . . . . . . . . . .
Robotic Micro Systems . . . .
Saguaro Software . . . . . . . .
Software Support . . . . . . . .
Sunlock Systems . . . . . . . . .
T & D Software . . . . . . . . . .
TCE Programs . . . . . . . . . . .
TCE Programs . . . . . . . . . . .
TCE Programs . . . . . . . . . . .
Tesseract Software Systems
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
True Data Products . . . . . . .
True Data Products . . . . . . .
. . . 25
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47.51
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(603) 924-7138 or (800) 441-4403
•This advertiser prefers to be contacted directly. For further Information from our advertisers, please use the Reader Service card.
COMING N EXT MO NTH
Prii1ters and disk drives are currently
the hottest peripherals going for the
Color Computer. If you already have
or are considering purchasing one or
the other, you won't want to miss the
March HOT Coco.
Our Doctor ASCH columnists,
Richard E. Esposito a n d Jesse W .
Jackson, give a rundown on what to
look for when shopping for a printer.
And they top off the article with a uni­
versal screen-dump program that ad­
justs itself to your dot-matrix printer.
Education Editor Nancy Kipperman
has been on the phone to developers of
Coco educational software to find out
what kinds of systems for which they
are writing. The word is "get a disk
drive,'' if you want to get the most out
of educational software. Find out why
next month.
What does it take, dollar-wise and
equipment-wise, to get on line? Bobby
Ballard, our communications expert,
says you don't have to spend a lot ot
money to get started. See for yourself
in March's 6809 On Line column.
POKEs, PEEKs, and EXECs let you
access little, helpful programs built into
your CoCo. John Majka's ' 'Those
Amazing POKEs" lists some of the
more useful ones next month.
Cassette users will appreciate John
Nicolettos' utility that lets you control
your recorder from the CoCo's key­
board-no more plugging and unplug-
ging cables or pressing the wrong
buttons.
Bored with Basic? Baffled by As­
sembly? Maybe Pascal is the program­
ming language for you. Reviewer Scott
Norman takes an in-depth look at
DEFT Systems' Pascal Compiler in
next month's HOT CoCo.
See you in March. •
February 1985
HOT coco
89
REVIEWS
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The BBS Log Book is a specialty
item, which, if taken seriously and
handled properly, can be very effec­
tive in tracking information essential
for telecommun icating and long-dis­
tance phone calls. The information
columns are l aid out well and pro­
vide adequate space for entries. I f
the security question is seriously ad­
dressed, and a real need for such a
book ex i s t s , t h e B B S Log B o o k
could be a very handy addition t o a
personal-computing library. •
I
I
organization production quality
readability
thoroughness
10 l----+----t--1
9 1----+----t--1--1
8 1------t--1--1-+7 1-----+----+--t--1
6 l------+--1--1
5
4
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1
1----+----t--1--1
1----+----t--1--1
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Books
Introducing Logo
Peter Ross
Addison Wesley Publishing Co.
Reading, M A
$12.95, 249 pages
by Richard Ramella
he subtitle of this book notes it
applies to several types of Logos,
including Radio Shack Color Logo .
Yet, on page 1 5 is a startling caveat
in which author Peter Ross writes,
" Radio Shack Color Logo has so
many differences that you should
not rely on any of the information
given in the body of this book . "
I f you can ' t rely o n any o f the in­
formation, is there any reason to
part with $ 1 2 .95?
Though fascinating, Introducing
L ogo l i te r a l l y t reats Radio S hack
Color Logo as a n afterthought-in
an I I -page appendix. However, the
serious L o g o s t u d e n t w i l l fi n d a
wealth of i n formation i n the boo k ,
a n d teachers using Logo w i l l profit.
Of particular interest is the possibil­
ity to sample and compare different
Logos' capabilities.
The beginner with Color Logo
cartridge or d isk would best look
elsewhere for instructions. Many of
the rudimentary program examples
work in Color Logo. Many do not,
and this frustrating. Why don ' t they
work? Because they're in Terrapin
T
90
HOT Coco
February 1985
Basic for the Apple II computer.
Author Peter Ross is an artificial­
intelligence researcher at the Univer­
s i ty of Ed inburgh , Scotl a n d . H i s
writing i s precise, flowing, and
friendly, a n d his i n t roduction i n ­
cludes i n teresting short essays o n
programming a s a tool for exploring
ideas, history, artificial intelligence,
and advice for teachers.
The lexicon of Logo is here. You
can understand the topics even when
the examples don't work, but later
sections of the book go into areas of
no use to Color Logo users.
The 1 1 -page Color Logo appendix
gives our favorite turtle its due. This
appendix is a concise explanation of
available commands.
I don't think this book will become
an abiding reference work for t h e
Color Logo user, bu t i ts ideas-if they
can be translated-suggest interesting
applications, no matter what form of
Logo you may possess. •
I
meets
maintains documentation
objective int rest ea e of use
r
�
1 0 1----+----l---1
9 1-----1----1---1
8 1------1--t---1--1-
7 l----+----t---1
6
---+--1---�1
5 1-
4 1-----1----1---1
3
2 t-----+-----t--+--1
1 �--�--�--�
Educational Software
Pre-Algebra I, Integers
Tom Mix Software
4285 Bradford N.E.
Grand Rapids, M I 49506
6 16-957-0444
16K, Extended Color Basic
$29.95 cassette
$32.95 disk
by James K. Hardy
re-Algebra I is a series of five
P Basic programs designed to help
students work with algebraic expres­
sions. Up to four students can use
the system at the same time, and
each can choose from nine skill lev­
els and receive a performance report.
All five programs follow the same
forma t , so the sys tem is easy t o
learn. A s the title indicates, the pro­
grams deal only with integers, not
variables .
Performance
The initial menu options offer four
"Pre-A lgebra I
presents
its problems
in a simple
drillformat
and makes
no attempt
at creativity. "
different quiz programs in which you
must solve problems such as the fol­
lowing:
+
4
-3
-I
-I
+
+
+
+ 4 = ? (Integer Quiz)
? = - 2 (Missing Number)
?3 = 2 (Missing Sign)
+ 4 ? - 2 + + 6 (Compare I n tegers)
The skill level you select deter­
mines both the size of each n umber
used as well as the number of values
in each expressio n . You can also
choose to answer from o n e to 50
problems.
You get two chances to answer
correctly. If you do so the first time,
you get credit toward the percentage
correct. Giving the right answer the
second try gets you a "correct" mes­
sage, but no cred it, and two failures
displays the correct answer on the
screen .
A ft e r you ' v e a n s w e r ed a l l t h e
questions, the progress report tells
you the number of questions you an­
swered correctly the first try, how
many you got the second try, how
many were wrong, and how long it
took you to work all the quest ions.
The instructions and the exa mples
for the Missing Sign program (like
the one above) lead you to expect
that the sign for one n umber in the
given equation will be missing. Ac­
tually, the function ( + , - , *, /) is
left out. The resulting problem is an
acceptable one, but the i n formation
about it is misleading.
There are also l i m i t a t i o n s c o n ­
cerning t h e types of problems gen­
erated. When the programs create
equations using multiplication or di­
vis i o n , t h e problem i n c l u des o n l y
t w o members, regardless o f t h e skill
level selected. In fact, o n level 7
(which should generate all the func­
tions), mul tiplication and division
never appear together or with addi-
REVIEWS
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tion and subtraction on the same
side of the equation.
The Compare Integers program is
the only one that uses functions in­
volving multiplication or division on
one side of the equation with addi­
tion/subtraction combinations, mul­
tiplication or division on the other.
Ease of Use
Because these five programs all
work the same way, even beginning
algebra students should be able to
learn the system. There are some
problems, though.
Sample p r oblems u s e X as t h e
multiplication symbol, b u t the actual
problems use the asterisk (*). Those
familiar with Basic should know that
the asterisk re presents multiplica­
tion, but others might not. Further­
more, it was difficult to distinguish
between the * and the + on the
screen.
A formula like + 4 - - 4 = is
somewhat confusing. I n a standard
math text, the typeface for the sub­
traction function and the negative
sign would be di fferent and there-
fore easy to tell apart. Displaying
one sign in reverse, or otherwise clar­
i fying the d i fference, would be a
hel p.
Because each program d i s p l ays
the same Tom Mix logo while load­
ing, you can ' t tell if you ' ve selected
the correct program until you've an­
swered all the initial prompts (your
name, menu selection, number of
problems, skill level, and so on) and
you see the first problem.
ment the name into separate lines,
and more than 39 characters gener­
ates a syntax error when the pro­
gram tries to center and display the
material.
In the Missing Sign program, the
first five options from the problem­
type menu appear and then disap­
pear. And when the program gen­
erates a long equation as skill level
7 , it produces a subscript-out- of­
range (BS) error in 6040.
Error Handling
Documentation
Pre-Algebra is somewhat limited
in its ability to handle errors . The
programs won ' t let you select op­
tions not available from the menus,
and you can ' t enter a value as an an­
swer for each proble m. However,
you can enter characters other than
n u m bers as answers, even when
these would be improper c h o ices.
However, such a n entry is merely
considered a wrong answer.
The system also contains a few
quirks. You enter your name after
you load the program, but typing
more than 32 characters will frag-
Pre-Algebra I comes with a single
photo-reduced sheet of instructions.
While somewhat difficult to read,
the material does tell you how to
load and run the various programs
in the system and outlines each pro­
gram objective. The text is written
for the teacher or parent and doesn ' t
give the student much t o learn from.
A b r i e f instruction s e t for s i x t h
t h r ough eighth graders would b e
helpfu l .
Summary
Pre-Algebra I, Integers presents
�\ For Yo ur TRS-80 Co lor Comp u ter
�� 320 F u l l -t i m e A u d i o Ta l k /T u t o r P ro g ram s !
We 're Your Educational
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No. o f Programs
16 Pro grams
6 4 P r ograms
32 P r o g r a m s
32 P r o g r a m s
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Mat h e m a t i c s
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Bas i c A l g ebra
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H i story
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16 Programs
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3 2 Programs
In Color, with Pictures and Tex t !
A l l o f o u r TRS-80 Color programs have easy t o understand profes ·
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i n each
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Only $4.40 per program ($8.80 for 2 , o n e o n eacl1 side o f a hal f - hou r
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Dealer i n q u i ries welcome
For more i n f o rma t i o n , or t o order c a l l :
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[do) 2g.�!.,�!
I N O K L A HOMA CALL (405) 288-2301
Box
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N o rman, OK 73070
Circle Reader Service card #209
February 1985
HOT CoCo
91
R EVIEWS,
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its problems in a simple drill format
and makes no attempt at positive re­
inforcement or creativity. It doesn't
teach the steps i n solving algebra
problems and o ffers little to hold a
studen t ' s i n teres t . This program
probably isn't your best bet, unless
you ' re working w i t h highly moti­
vated students . •
construction qualify
set up
documentation
I performance lease of use
1 0 l--�--+ ��-+-�--1�---+-�--1
9
8
7 1--�--t-��-t-�--1��-+-�--1
6 1--�-+��-t-�--1��-+-�--1
5
4
3
2
1
l--�-!--��-1--�--1��-1-�--1
1--�--t-��-t-�--1��-+-�--1
1--�--t-��-t-�--j��-+-�--1
l--�-l--��-1--�--1��-1-�--1
Hardware
Universal Video Driver
Mark Data Products
24001 Alicia Parkway, 207
Mission Viejo, CA 92691
714-768-1551
All Color Computers
$29.95
by Peter Paplaskas
HOT CoCo staff
ow can t h e U niversal V i d e o
H Driver ( U V D ) help you? Your
Color Computer is designed to con­
nect to a television set, which de­
prives you of the crisp, clean display
of a color or monochrome monitor .
The UVD lets you adapt any moni­
tor to any version of the CoCo.
The Color Computer sends video
t o y o u r TV t h r o u g h a r a d i o fre­
quency (RF) modulator. Monitors,
on the other hand, use a voltage fre­
quency known as an IF signal. I f you
try to use a monochrome monitor
with the CoCo's R F modulator, all
you 'll get is blank screen . Mark Da­
ta's Universal Video Driver inter­
cepts the IF signal before it gets to
the R F modulator. Using your fa­
vorite word processor becomes an
e n t i rely new experience w i t h t h e
U V D and a monitor.
Installation
The UVD comes as a kit that is very
easy to install, even for the novice. I t
attaches w i t h color-coded test clips
that create solderless connections. The
kit comes with three wiring diagrams
92
HOT CoCo
February 1985
The Universal Video Driver. Mark Data Products
that cover all the CoCo's mother­
board versions and a table that assigns
a contact point to each color-coded
clip. The kit connects to the audio,
ground, chroma, luminance, and pos­
itive 5-volt power contacts.
The UVD installs a little easier in
the CoCo 2 than in the other ver­
sions. You don't have to make con­
nections to IC chips because of the
improved circuitry in the CoCo 2's
R F modulato r. The other board ver­
sions require you to connect clips to
pins on the video display generator
(6847) and video mixer ( 1 372) chips.
To make these connections more se­
cure, loosen the chips slightly before
attaching the UVD's clips. Then re­
seat the chips.
There' s a chance that you' l l run
into excessive brightness and con­
trast on a monoch rome monitor.
Mark Data includes instructions that
eliminate the problem, simply and
effectively. You have to remove one
c o n n e c t i o n a n d m o v e it to t h e
ground contact. This doesn't occur
with color monitors.
The UVD mounts with double­
sided tape on top of the RF modu­
lator in all board versions except the
CoCo 2. It mounts on top of the
6847, 6822, and 74LS273 chips in the
CoCo 2 because the R F modulator is
mounted vertically and doesn't offer
a secure mounting surface. The kit's
two RCA-plug leads run through the
hole for the CoCo's video output.
The New Look
I t ' s not uncommon to encounter
color artifacts when using PMODE4
graphics. But not with the UVD and a
color monitor-the colors are crisp. I
was i mpressed by t h e clarity o f
PMODE4 graphics on a monitor. I
did, however, find color artifacts in
the 64-column high-resolution mode
of my word processor. I think this is
caused by the vertical line density of
the text character s . A dj u sting the
computer's clock-frequency trimmer
should rect i fy the problem without
causing any ill effects to the computer.
If you use your CoCo for word proc­
essing, the UVD o ffers true clarity of
text in 50- to 65-column formats on a
monochrome monitor.
Audio output with UVD is strong
w i t hout any i ndication t h a t t h e
adaptor loads d o w n t h e C o C o ' s
sound generator. I f your monitor
doesn't provide audio outpu t , the
UVD's documentation lists two good
sources for speaker and amplifier kits
that sell for under $ 1 2.
The Universal Video Driver offers
a clear picture, a modest price, easy
installation, and compatibility with
all CoCos and monitors. If you've
been t h i nk i ng about setting your
CoCo up with a composite video
m o n i t o r , t h i s is an a d a p t o r y o u
should consider. •
_Game Tips�
Shifting Sands
I ' ve found the shovel, snake, canteen, torch,
and the magnifier in The Sands of Egypt . I ' ve
wandered the pool area but can't seem to do
anything else yet. I filled the canteen with water
and can't seem to get a dri nk. Am I missing
something?
Virgi Wes1co11
Ba/(ersfield, CA
Florida Residents Add 5% Sales Tax
O R D E R TODAV!
When draining the pool in The Sands of
Egypt, the scepter can be used as a hook to pull
the cover loose.
Toll Free 1 -800-642-2536
FLORIDA: 1 -305-493-8355
Michael Buksas
Gilberl, A Z
OR SEND C H E C K OR MONEY ORDER TO:
4211 NW 75th TERRACE, • DEPT. t'S
LAUDERHILL, FL 33319
PATENTED
You can't get past the rug in Raaka-Tu nor
the golden gates outside the temple. They're
just there as decoys to distract the player from
other things.
I can't seem to get past the gargoyle. l am a
lover not a fighter. Give me a hint, please.
Also, what good is the Ring of Motion when it
seems to get you k i lled all the time?
In Shenanigans, how do you get past the
snak e ?
Virgi Wes1cott
Bakersfield, CA
Dog in Bedlam
To get the red key in Bedlam, use the win­
dow hook to fish it out of the cabinet in the
dispensa1'y. The red key will unlock all red
doors. To obtain the green key, which is in the
electroshock therapy room, stand outside the
room and type "Get key with window hoo k . "
Since the escape route i n Bedlam changes
each time you load, it isn't always possible to
kill the guard dog. To kill the dog, get the ham­
burger fram the refrigerator and put the blue
pill in the meat. Then feed the meat to the dog.
If the dog dies, then go south. Guards will lock
you in a shed. Use the green key to open the
door of the shed, and you're free. I f the dog
doesn't die, you must search for another es­
cape route. The only other way out I k now of
is through Picasso's painted door. Does any­
one know of any others?
Paul Riddle
Linthicum, MD
Pyramid Parts
The coins in Pyramid are past the unpass­
able pit. To get across, just swing the scepter
and a bridge will appear. Swing it again, and
the bridge will disappear. Also, if you pick u p
t h e gold nugget, y o u w o n ' t b e able to go up the
stairs.
Jeff Mercer
Gainesville, FL
.,,. See List of Advertisers
on
page 89
,
"""'i'itn'tJl® t:tlAtnm l'l..m
Trouble i n Raaka-Tu
Jeff Mercer
Gainesville, FL
(±]
"
....�)
0ALL TRADEMARKS ARE ACKNOWLEDGED
New from
TESSERACT SO FTWA R E SYSTEMS
To locate the treasure chest in Pyramid, first
make sure the mummy has stolen some trea­
sure. Then enter the maze, and make the fol­
lowing moves: E, S, S, S, N, E, E, N W . You
should be at a dead end with the chest and the
stolen treasure. To ex.it the maze from this
point, type SE, N, and D .
Paul Riddle
Linthicum, MD
Madness and the Mino taur
In Madness and the Minotaur, most of the im­
portant items that you needcan only be obtained
if you have two or three other items. To find out
what you need to get an item, either look in the
pool or ask the oracle if he's present.
Jeff Mercer
Gainesville, FL
MusiWriter
A "Word Processor for M u sic
Capture your music o n your Color
C o mp u ter. Then print as many copies
as you want o n a graphics printer
Supporls up to 10 staves per system
and a wide range of notes. resls.
accidentals and time signatures
Send for sample print out and
descriptive literature
Requires: 32k Color Computer wilh
disk a n d graphics printer
(e.g. D M P1201200)
Price: $50.00 US or $60.00 Can
plus $5.oo· S&H
TESSERACT
SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
5350
MONTCLAIR AV E N U E
MONTREAL
Quebec
H 4V 2L1
C i rcle Reader Service card #342
Canyon Clim her
There's an easy way to get an endless num­
ber of points on Canyon Climber. When you
get to the second round, press and hold down
both the up arrow and right arrow keys, press­
ing the space bar to jump over any arrows. As
soon as you are underneath the ladder, let go
of the right arrow key. When you reach the top
of the ladder, pause for several seconds, then
go back down to the bottom. The I ndian's ar­
rows will go right through you, and then all
you have to do is tape the space bar down and
wait about 15 minutes. The score turns over
after 999,990.
Now then, does anyone out there know what
an offog is?
Jeff Mercer
Gainesville, FL
Do you have a hot lip on a game or need
one? Share your disco veries and frustralions
here.
This Publication
is available in Microform.
University Microfilms
International
Please send addi1ional infonna1H1n
fn1 ------N:mlt"-----l n s1 11u1 imL_
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S trct·L----C ur'------Srn1c _____ Zip•------JOO North Zeeb Road. Dcp1 P.R .. Ann Arbor. Mi. 4Mlef1
February 1985
HOT Coco
93
.----
PRODUCT NEWS_-----.
edited by J. Scot Finnie
tie Rago o n a req u i res 3 2 K and
Extended Color Basic. I t is avail­
able on cassette for $24.95. For
more information, contact Fam­
ily Computers, 4047 Bee Ridge
Road, Sarasota, FL 33582. 8 1 392 1 -7 5 l O.
Reader Service .,,. 550
I n fo r m a t i o n u s e d i n t h e
Product News section i s sup­
plied through manufacturers'
press releases. HOT Coco has
not tested or reviewed these
products and cannot guarantee
any manufacturer's claim.
Buzzing
In the Air
Structure
Is Everything
SBasic 1 .0 is a precompiler that
adds l [ st ructu red Basic com­
mands to Color Basic on all ver­
sions of the CoCo. You can use it
to nest loops of up to 255 levels.
lt has full compile-time error mes­
sages, and the compiler is easily
activated.
S B a s i c a d d s t h e fo l l o w i n g
commands a n d c o n s t r u c t s to
Color Basic: LOOP . . . U N T l L ,
W H l L E DO.
.EN DLOOP,
W H I LE D O . . U N T l L , LOOP
. . . E N DLOOP , CASEOF . . . $
. . . E N DCASE,
s t r u c t u red
lF . . . THEN . . . ELSE . . . END I F , CONTl N U E . . . QUIT.
The 64K version lets you have
source and object codes in mem­
ory at the same time, and you can
save and retrieve with one keys­
troke.
SBasic costs $ 1 9.95 ($24 .95 in
Canada) on disk or cassette, plus
$3 for shipping and handling ($1
in Ontario and Mon treal). For
more i n formation, phone or write
Tandar Soft ware, 1 2 A rman
Drive, Agincourt, Ontario, Can­
ada, M I T 2P6. 4 1 6-293-20 1 4 .
Reader Service .,,. 551
CoCo Diagnosis
If you s u spect s o m e t h i n g is
wrong with your CoCo, you might
want to check out CoCo Checker.
It will test your ROM, RAM, disk
drives and controller, printer, key­
board, cassette, joysticks, sound,
P IAs, V DG, internal clock speed,
and more.
Spectrum Projects also has a new
screen-dump program for Epson
and Gemini pri nters. The CoCo
Screen Dump offers reverse images
with regular or double-size pictures
and can use 600 to 9,600 baud.
T h e CoCo C h e c k e r and t h e
CoCo Screen Dump require l 6K
and cost $ 1 9.95 each on tape or
disk, plus $3 for shipping and han­
dling. Spectrum Projects, P . O .
Box 2 1 27 2 , W o o d h a v e n , N Y
1 1 42 1 . 7 1 8-44 1 -2807 .
Reader Service .,,. 556
94
HOT
CoCo
February 1985
Kodak 's New Line of 8-, 5 V. -, and 3 !1i -inch Disks
Kodak Disk
Now Floppy
Kodak d i s k s aren ' t j u st for
cameras anymore. The company
has announced a new product line
of floppy disks for mini- and mi­
crocomputers. Kodak is forming a
new m a n u fa c t uring d i v i s i o n to
handle production of its memory
products. The suggested ret a i l
price for a single-sided, double­
density, 5 '/.i -inch Kodak disk is
$ 3 . 85 in a I 0-pack box. Eastman
Kodak Company, 343 State S t . ,
Rochester, N Y 1 4650.
Reader Service .,,. 561
Stack Packs
Inland Corp. produces a full line
of print stands in metal, acrylic,
and oak for 80- and 1 32-column
printers. The company has more
than 17 styles and sizes of print
stands from the most inexpensive
and functional metal stands to their
top-of-the-line hand-rubbed oak
stands. Inland also manufactures
monitor holders, disk storage units,
surge suppressors, and computer
covers. Inland Corp . , 3205 1 How­
ard, Madison Heights, Ml 4807 l .
800-52[ -8428.
Reader Service .,,. 559
Rembrandt
And Ragoona
How about a graphics utility
program with advanced features
t h a t i n c l u d e circles, e l l ipses,
drawing, painting i n 1 6 patterns,
stamps, enlarging, and editing.
Rembrandt also prints text on the
graphics screen, saves and loads
pictures, has four text fonts, and
a resolution of 256 by l 92 pixels.
The program includes six sample
pictur es. R e m b randt req u i res
3 2 K , j oy s t i c k s , and E x te nded
Color Basic. [ t comes on cassette
fo r $24 . 9 5 a n d o n d i s k for
$27.95.
Castle Ragoona is a challeng­
ing adventure with hi-res graph­
ics, sound, and music. On the
flip side of the cassette is a hu­
morous begi n n e r ' s adventure
that has a unique compass. Cas-
Printer Stands from Inland
CoCo owners w h o are looking
to keep their chips cool can use
The Bee Fan. It is powered elec­
trostatically and uses two piezo­
ceramic mylar blades that move
five cubic feet of air per minute.
T h i s fan has no parts t h a t can
wear out.
The Bee has i t s o w n built-in de
power supply, so it ca n ' t cause
starting surges or spikes. Because
i t is small enough at 2 inches by
3.3 inches by 1 . 1 2 inches to fit al­
most any comp uter or periph­
eral, y o u can hook i t up to a n
internal power source a n d free u p
an o u t l e t : I t u s e s 1 / 1 5 o f t h e
power o f c o n v e n t io n a l r o t a r y
fans and produces no el ectro­
magnetic or radio interference.
Atmospheres offers a one-year
warranty on The Bee Fan, which
costs $24.95, plus $3 for shipping
and handling. Contact A t mos­
pheres, 1 207 Eight h A ve . , Brook­
lyn, NY 1 1 2 1 5 . 7 1 8-788-6799.
Reader Service .,,. 552
Music To
Your Eyes
MusiWriter is a new way to or­
ganize your musical creativity. I f
you have a 32K CoCo, a disk drive,
and a dot-matrix printer, you can
write and edit music on screen, and
then print i t out with MusiWriter.
MusiWriler can contain up t o I 0
staves a t a time. It gives you treble
and bass clefs, 15 key signatures,
time signatures from I / I to 1 9/8,
rests from full to sixteenth notes,
dotted notes and rests, single and
double bar lines, and bar lines for
the beginning and end of repeated
sections. Place notes on any line or
space from two ledger lines above
and below the staff. Ledger lines
appear automatically as you need
them. Choose notes of any dura­
t i o n , from double to sixtee n t h
notes.
MusiWriter is a fully interactive,
screen-oriented editor. You see the
staff on the screen exactly as it is
when printed. Edit any part of a
staff. You have full cursor control
along60columns, which scroll with
Circle Reader Service card #37
MOVING?
'"""'
·
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:···::-::· �: ==:�:-:-·:-:::· ......
�
···::-:· .·····
· ::···-::···-::-:···::-::· -···::-··:·-
Let us know 8 weeks in advance so that you won ' t miss a single
issue of HOT CoCo. Atlach old label where indicated and print
new address in space provided. Also include your mailing label
whenever you write concerning your subscription. It helps us
serve you promptly.
�
Write to: Subscription Department •PO Box 975• Farmingdale,
NY 1 1 737
D Extend my subscription one additional year for only
II
$24.97.
D Payment Enclosed O Bill Me
Canada & Mexico $27 . 97 / 1 yr. only
US funds drawn on U S ban k .
Foreign surface $44.97 I I y r . only
US funds drawn on U S ban k .
•
-�
'"
""' ·�
_,,..,.
� .. .,i
.
below.
:::::
XPNDR1™
XPNDR1
the
on
and,
the out­
board �nd; a n array of plated­
through $plder pads. Shown is
address.
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name._
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ciry _______ state
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zip
t he
CoCo signals identified
+ 5V and ground buses.
and
_
_
_
_
Super Guide
Precision molded plastic insert
and
s u p port
4.3• 6.3
c i rc u i t
a n u n brea k a b l e remov a b l e c a rd
g u ide. P a t e n t Pend i n g .
$3.95 e a c h
inch g l a ss/
epoxy card is dril led for standard
.3
t
prin ed
cards in the Coco cartridge slot;
edge connector and tabs are gold
plated; the
TM
d e s i g ned spec i f i c a l l y to a l i g n
The
d�
Available n o w
from:
.6 i n c h D I P sockets. In­
c l udes 8 p a g e Appl/cation Notes
ROBO
$1 9.95 e a c h
BOX 30807 SEATTLE. WA 98103
and
to help you get started.
OT CoCo•PO Box 975•Farmingdale, N Y 1 1 7 37.______,
DD DOD
DlJDlJD
•••o•
DODlJD
DODOO
the botto m side of the card with
the
�i p
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. . ::::::::::::
....
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......
We've added g ro u n d i n g tabs to
Affix O l d Lnbel Here
address
.....
.
EXPAN S I O N HAR DWA R E FOR
THE TRS-80 COLOR COM PUTER
Please write i n new address here a n d allach old label or fill i n
citY--------� t ate
:=
6809 SYSTE M D EVELO P M E NT
or 2 f o r
$36
ROSYSTEMS
PERRll
C£0J[][]OJOOvCBDJ0
Circle Reader Service card # 1 2 4
CALL TO LL F R E E 1 - 800-248-38 2 3
COLOR COM PUTE R S
C O LO R C O M PUTE R S O FTWA R E
C O L O R C O M P U T E R . D I S K D R I V E A N P P R I NT E R S
LIST
26- 3 1 36 1 6K Ex1ended Color Compuler 2
26· 3 1 2 7 64K ExtendedColorCompu1er2
26 · 3029 Disk Drive 0 lor Color Compuler
26- 1 1 6 1 Disk Drive 1 . 2. 3 f o r CotorComputer
26-1276 D M P - 1 0 5 8 0cps Dot Matrix
2 6 - 1 2 7 1 DMP- 1 1 0 50125 cps Triple Mode Printer
26-1255 D M P · 120 1 20 cps Dual Mode Matrix
26-1257 DWP - 2 1 0 1 4 cps Daisy Wheel Prinler.
OUR
PRICE
PRICE
1 39.95
.$
.$
$
$
$
$
$
.$
199.95
349.95
279.95
1 99.95
399.95
499.95
459.00
$
$
$
$
s
$
$
$
T elewriler 64 Tape .
1 69.00
Telewriter 64 Disk
295.00
VIP Wriler. . . . . .
230.00
VIP Speller
169.00
VIP Database
299.00
VIP Terminal Disk .
385.00
TOM MIX Software .
485.00
RADIO SHACK Software
EPSON Printer . .
. .$
$
.$
.$
. .s
$
. .
STAR GEMfNI 1 0XPnnter
..
.
49.95
.$
$
$
. $
.$
$
$
.
59.95
59.95
49.95
59.95
49.95
CAL L
1 5% 011
M O N ITORS
OT H E R P R I N TERS A N D A C C E SS O R I E S
OKI DATA Printer
OUR
PRICE
1 20.00
.
COMREX C R · l l Daisy Wheel Printer .
C.ITOH 8510 Prowriter Printer .
BOTEK Serial to Parallel Interlace .
OUR
PRICE
OUR
PRICE
CALL
COMREX 1 2" Green Monitor.
CALL
COMAEX 1 2" Amber Monilor . . .
275.00
COM REX 1 3 " Color Monito r .
4 1 5.00
335.00
VIDEO PLUS Monitor Adaptor .
59.00
95.00
$
.$
.$
.$
.$
.$
. . .
AMDEK 300A Monitor . . .
GORILLA Monitor.
1 1 0.00
285.00
1 55.00
CALL
85.00
C O L O R A C C E SSO R I E S
LIST
26-2226 R S - 232 Program Pak
26 · 30 1 2 Deluxe Joystick (EACH)
2 6 · 30 1 7 64K RAM Kit
2 6 - 3008 Joysticks .
26-3016 Keyboard Kit
OUR
PRICE
PRICE
.$
.$
.$
.$
.$
79.95
39.00
69.95
24.95
39.95
$
$
$
$
$
68.00
34.00
59.00
LIST
26·3018 Extended Basic K i t .
26- 1 1 75 Direct- Connect M o d e m J _
26 - 1 1 73 Direct-Connect Modem II
2 1 .00
Signalman Modem 30011200 Baud
34.00
Hayes Modems . . .
_
All price11rndoft11a meYb•cturnaed IN" withdrnwn without notice. Advertised prlcea a r • cuak p•lc••· For ahlpplng, 11dd 2%(minlmum ahlpplno ch HD• •3.00). C.0.0. occ•pl•d.
lnfo•m•llon.I M.C" ViH, AX. odd 3%.
OUR
PRICE
PRICE
$
. .$
. $
. $
39.95
99.95
199.95
399.00
$
$
$
$
$
34.00
85.00
1 69.00
275.00
2 1 5.00
(14.00 ch.,11• per carton on C.O. D. Cell to: funker COO
'
.._------ P E R RY C O M P U T E R S • 1 37 N O R T H M A I N ST R E ET • P E R RY, M l 48872
.,,, See Lisi Qf Advertisers on page 89
February 1985
HOT CoCo 95
your cursor. You can add, select, or
move notation. A c o m parison­
staff feature lets you align notes be­
tween staves for multip le-instru­
ment notation.
Tesseract Software Systems will
t a i l o r the M u s i W r i t er to your
needs. The program costs $50 ($60
in Canada) plus $5 for postage and
handling. Write to Tesseract Soft­
ware Sys t e m s , 5 3 5 0 M o n t c l a i r
Ave., Montreal, Quebec H 4 V 2L l .
Reader Service v 554
Graphics Support
SGS is a machine-language
utility progran that adds 21 easy­
to-use gra p h i c s c o m m a n d s i n
support o f t h e semigraphics ca­
pabilities of the CoCo . These
new commands are similar in for­
mat to the Extended Color Basic
commands. SGS (SemiGraphics
Support) speed.s up the execution
of circles, rectangles, coloring,
animation effects, user-created
sounds, and more from an Ex­
rended Color Basic or Color
Basic Program. The utility pro­
vides for full graphics capabilities
in five d i fferent semigraphic
modes a n d uses up t o eight colors
on black at a maximum resolution
of 64K by 1 92 pixels.
SGS ru n s u n der E x t e n d e d
Color Basic I . I a n d Color Basic
v e r s i o n s 1 . 0 and 1 . 1 . S G S is
available on disk for $34.95 and
on cassette for $29.95. The price
includes a 60-page users manual
and a demonstration program.
Micro Computer System, 1 404
Sunset Drive, Friendswood, TX
77546. 7 1 3-996-9477 .
Reader Service v 553
New From Tandy
W h a t ' s more natura l for the
CoCo than a graphics tablet? Ra­
dio Shack thinks so, too. The new
Radio Shack TRS-80 Touch Pad
is produced by Koala Technolo­
gies, a forerunner in hardware in­
terface technology (Catalog num­
ber 26-1 1 85).
Radio Shack has also just re­
leased its new ROM-pack Sound/
Speech Cartr i d ge synt hesizer,
which offers sound effects in addi­
tion to voice synthesis driven by
software you enter yourself (Cata­
log number 26-3 1 44).
Three more Radio Shack prod­
ucts are available. Spidcrcide is a
new ROM-pack game with novel
sound effects that tries to catch you
in its web before you can shoot your
way out (Catalog number 26-3049).
The Electronic Book is a note­
book with a 1 2-key entry pad in the
back that plugs into the joystick
port. It accepts colorful overlays
for little fingers (Cata log number
26-3 1 4 1 ). The Color Computer
Playground has 42 program list­
ings that help young kids have fun
while learning. The book has 255
pages of big print and easy-to-read
program listings (Catalog number
26-3196).
Radio Shack, 1 400 One Tandy
Center, Fort Worth, TX 76\02 .
Reader Service v 557
Infocom
For the CoCo
Infocom, the well-known text­
adventure s o ftware game com­
pany, has announced that i t s two
newest games, Suspect and The
Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy,
are available for the CoCo.
Suspect is an intriguing murder
mystery in which you find that you
are the chief suspect after a niurder
at a m a s q u e r a d e b a l l for t h e
wealthy. You arrived a s a reporter
writing a story for the Sunday Liv­
ing section of the paper, but you're
going to end up in jail i f you can't
clear yourself.
In The Hitchhiker's Guide to the
Galaxy, cowritten by Douglas Ad­
a m s , a u t ho r of the best-se l l i n g
novel by t h e same name, y o u hitch­
hike a ride away from impending
doom for p l anet 'Earth w i t h an
Electronic Thumb. Your compan­
ion, Ford, is a visitor from another
world. The twoofyou travel through
t h e galaxy, discovering strange
places and encountering misad­
ventures. The b o o k ' s recurring
a d m o n i t i o n i s retained in the
game: " Don't Panic."
Suspect a n d The Hitchhiker's
Guide to the Galaxy require 32K
and a r e a v a i l a b l e on d i s k for
$39.95 each. l n focom I nc . , 55
Wheeler Street, Cambridge, M A
02 1 38 . 6 1 7-492- 1 03 1 .
Reader Service v 560
For CoCo 2 Users
The TRS-80 Color Computer 2
User 's Guide is a new book for
Coco 2 owners w r i t ten by B i l l
Brewer, M a r k Browns t e i n , a n d
Roger C . Sharp. I t has 1 28 pages,
nine chapters, and an index. The
book is s o ftcover and sells for
$5.95 . lt is published by Macmillan
P ublishing Company, 866 Third
Ave., New Y o r k , NY \0022.
Reader Service v 558
Many Companies call their
Home and Business Software
User Friendly
•
•
•
O N LY O N E CALLS IT
CftildS VPlay
TM
96 HOT CoCo February 1985
Send for
FREE Catalog
TCE
TM
BUSINESS DIVISION
P.O. BOX 2477
GAITHERSBURG, MD 20879
1-(301 ) 963-3848
•
ii]
Circle Reader Service card #3l!6
Heat Up Your COCO
With I &M'S Hot Disk Controller
DRIVE 0 SYSTEM $289
Upgrade your COCO by adding J&M's famous disk
MEMORY MINDER *
Memory M i nder is a disk drive test program that makes
controller, our advanced JOOS operating system, and
the fo llowing major checks of your drives without
a top qua l i ty drive all for only $289.
disassembly or special test equipment: head alignment,
Drive 0 System with one single side drive . . . . $289
disk speed, index hole t i m ing, azimuth, hysteresis,
Drive 0, I System with
single side drives . . . $429
read sens itivity, and clamping. Memory M i nder can
]FD-COCO DISK CONTROLLER $139
be used to actually a l ign the drives while viewing the
Drive 0, I System with
two
two
double side drives . . . $499
The J&M Systems' JFD-COCO Disk Controller has
set new standards in performance and quality. Gold
contacts assure re l i a b i l i ty, bu i lt-in d igital phase lock
loop data separator means NO adjustments, and the
JFD-CC:X::O is plug compatible with both the original
COCO and the new COC0- 2 .
graph ics on the screen. This program is a must for
anyone who values the data that is saved on d iskettes.
M M -COCO- ! M e mory M inder for single side
drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$79
M M -COC0-2 Memory M inder for double side
drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $99
]DOS
· FLEX is a registered trademark of Technical Systems Consultants, Inc.
"OS/9 is a registered trademark of Microware, Inc.
plus many more, including auto l ine numbering,
To order, call ( 5 0 5 ) 292-4 1 82 , or send payment
up and down arrow keys for scro l l ing, DOS to boot
with order to :
JOOS implements a l l RS OOS basic commands,
OS/9 · , FLEX · , and error trapping. JOOS supports
RS compatible disk formats, plus handles 40 track
DISK DRIVES
single side and double side drives.
A drive is just a drive without a case. We manufacture
our own h igh quality cases and TransPower power
supplies. Gold contacts are brought out at the back
for easy connection.
· Memory Minder is a registered trademark of J&M Systems, Inc.
fl/A
J & M SYSTEMS, LTD.
1 5 1 00 CENTRAL SE
ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO 87 1 23
5051292-4 1 82
We accept MasterCard and Visa
Circle Reader Service card # 1 0 1
Compa re it with the rest.
Then , buy the best .
I f you've been t h i n king about
spend i n g good money on a new
keyboard for your Color Computer,
why not get a good keyboard for
your money?
Designed from scratc h , the
H J L-57 Professional Keyboard
Is b u l l t to u n lock ALL the
pote ntial performance of your
Color Computer. N ow, you can
do real word process i n g and sall
t h rough lengthy l l s t l n gs . . . wlth
maxi m u m speed; m i n i m u m errors.
At $79.95, the HJ L-57 Is reason­
ably priced, but you can find
other Coco keyboards for a few
d o l lars less. So, before you buy,
we suggest t hat you compare.
Compare Design.
The ergono m i cally-superior
H J L-57 has scul ptured, low
prof i l e keycaps; and t he th ree­
color layout Is Identical to
the orlglnal Coco keyboard .
Compare Pertormance.
Offe ring more than ful l-trave l ,
bounce-proof keyswltches, t h e
H J L-57 has R F l / E M I s h l e l d l n g t h at
e l i m i nates Irritating noise o n
d lsp lays; and f o u r user-definable
f u nction keys (one latchab le),
speclally-posltloned to avoid
In advertent actuation.
Free Function Key Program
Your H J L-57 kit I n c l u des usage
I n structions and decimal codes
produced by the tu nctlon keys,
p l u s a tree sample program
t h at defi nes the f u nction
keys as fol lows: F 1 = Screen
d u m p to p r i nter. F2 = Repeat
key (latchlng). F3 = Lower case
u p per case f l l p (If you have
lower case capab i l ity). F4 =
Control key; sub tracts 64 from
the AS C I I value of any key
pressed. R u n s on d lsc or tape;
extended or standard Basic.
Compare Construction.
Compare lnstallatlon.
The H J L-57 has a rlg ld lzed
a l u m i n u m baseplate for sol i d ,
no-flex mounting. Switch contacts
are rated for 1 00 ml II Ion cycles
m i n i m u m , and covered by a s p l l l ­
proof membrane.
Carefully e n g i n ee red for easy
Installation, t he H J L-57 req u i res
no solder i n g , d r l l l l n g or g l u i ng .
S l m p l y p l u g I t I n a n d drop I t
r i g h t on t h e ori g i n a l Coco
mounting posts. Kit I n c l udes a
Ordering Information: Specify model (Original, F-verslon, or Coco 2). Payment by C.0 . D . , check,
MasterCard or Visa . Credit card customers Include complete card number and expiration date. Add
$2.00 for shipping ($3.50 for Canada). New York state residents add 7% sales tax.
Dealer Inquiries Invited.
Circle Reade.r Service card #440
new bezel for ai..tota l l y f i n i s hed
convers i o n .
Compare Warranties.
The H J L-57 ls b u llt so w e l l , It
carries a f u l l , on e-year warranty.
And, I t Is sold w i t h an exc l u s i ve
1 5-day money-back g u arantee.
Compare Value.
You know t h at a barg a i n Is a
barg a i n only so long as It lasts.
If you s hop carefu l l y , we t h i n k
you w i l l ag ree . . .T h e H J L-57 l s
t h e l ast keyboard y o u r Coco w i l l
ever need . A n d that's real v a l u e .
Order Today.
O n ly $79.95, the H J L-57 l s
avai lable for I m m e d i ate s h i p m e n t
f o r e i t h er t he o r i g i n a l C o l o r
Comp uter (sold p r i o r t o October,
1 982) or the F-ve rs lon and T DP- 1 00
(Introduced In October, 1 982),
and the new 64K CoCo. f;!ow also
available for Coco 2.
call Tall Free
1 ·800-828-6968
In NewVortc 1 ·800-482·4891
P R O D U C T S
Div. of Touchstone Technology Inc.
955 B u f f a l o Road • P . O . Box 24954
Rochester, New York 1 4624
Telephone: (7 1 6) 235-8358