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Biosafety Manual IBC-approved version (May 18, 2010) Table 6 Examples of Zoonotic and Other Diseases Related to Animals Exposure Routes Reservoir Vectors Causative Agent allergies vertebrate animals dander, urine, or saliva in animal allergens dust or bedding anthrax animals Bacillus anthracis hantavirus pulmonary syndrome rodents/deer mice contaminated dust from sin nombre virus dried urine, saliva, droppings herpes B virus infection nonhuman primates, particularly endemic in rhesus and cynomolgus members of the macaque genus Herpesvirus simiae or B virus lyme disease rodents/deer Borrelia burgdorferi — — ixodid tick bite plague rodents/fleas Yersinia pestis — — flea (Xenopsylla cheopis, Pulex irritans) bite milk ingestion, — regurgitation, and perspiration — bites and saliva from an infected animal — tick bites or skin contact with contaminated materials Disease Inhalation contaminated dust with spores aerosolized macaque saliva Q fever sheep, goats, cattle Coxiella buretii barnyard dust contaminated by birth material and excreta rabies rabid animals rabies virus — ticks Rickettsia rickettsii Rocky Mountain spotted fever — Ingestion Skin Contact — — contaminated with spores contaminated materials with spores — — monkey bites, monkey scratches, mucosal or cage scratches; splashes (e.g., direct contamination monkey fluids of a preexisting contact the wound with worker’s eyes or macaque saliva; mouth) needle-stick injuries following needle use in macaques Printed copies are not official versions of this manual. Before using the printed copy, verify that it is the most current version. 27
