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4.3. STORING INFORMATION 27 Figure 4.1 A typical (abridged) Unix directory tree. / bin dev etc home lib proc tmp usr larry sam X11R6 bin emacs etc g++-include include lib local bin emacs etc lib man spool src linux tmp 4.3.1 Looking at Directories with ls Now that you know that les and directories exist, there must be some way of manipulating them. Indeed there is. The command ls is one of the more important ones. It lists les. If you try ls as a command, you'll see: /home/larry# ls /home/larry# That's right, you'll see nothing. Unix is intensionally terse: it gives you nothing, not even \no les" if there aren't any les. Thus, the lack of output was ls's way of saying it didn't nd any les. But I just said there could be 8000 or more les lying around: where are they? You've run into the concept of a \current" directory. You can see in your prompt that your current directory is /home/larry, where you don't have any les. If you want a list of les of a more active directory, try the root directory:
