Download Lab-Scale Electrospinning Unit (Electroris) user`s mannual 2013

Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
Fnm Co.
Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas
Lab-Scale Electrospinning Unit
(Electroris)
user’s mannual
2013
Fnm.ir
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
Fnm Co.
General Information ...............................................................................................3
Calibration ............................................................................................................ 3
Warranty ............................................................................................................. 3
Repair Facilities and Parts ..................................................................................... 4
Grounding the System (Earth): ............................................................................... 4
GENERAL SAFETY SUMMARY ................................................................................ 4
The instrument limits: ........................................................................................... 6
Introduction..........................................................................................................6
Theory of Operation ............................................................................................... 6
Electrospinning Process ........................................................................................6
Syringe pump ........................................................................................................6
Keypad .................................................................................................................8
Syringe Table and Custom Syringes ........................................................................8
Target Volume ......................................................................................................8
Nonvolatile Memory ...............................................................................................8
Smooth injection: ..................................................................................................8
Adjusting the Pusher Block: ...................................................................................8
High Voltage Cable ................................................................................................8
Visual/Audible Alarm ..............................................................................................8
Package contents: ................................................................................................ 9
Installation: .......................................................................................................... 9
Physical installation ...............................................................................................9
Turning on the device: ............................................................................................9
Loading the Syringe............................................................................................. 10
Proper syringe selection: .....................................................................................11
Display System ................................................................................................... 11
User Interface .................................................................................................... 11
Data Entry Keys .................................................................................................12
Syringe pump (injection) system ...........................................................................12
Nozzle Scan System ............................................................................................15
Distance adjustment system: ..............................................................................16
The drum rotation speed: .....................................................................................16
Setting the temperature of chamber: ................................................................... 18
Set mode: ..........................................................................................................19
Lightening the chamber: ...................................................................................... 19
High Voltage Power Supply (HVPS) ....................................................................... 19
Appendix A: Syringe inside Diameter .....................................................................21
Appendix B: Set mode of Digital Temperature Controller .........................................22
Appendix C: Syringe Needle Conversion Chart ........................................................23
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
Fnm Co.
General Information
Serial Number
All inquiries concerning our product should refer to the serial number of the unit. Serial
numbers are located on the rear of the case.
Calibration
All electrospinning units are designed and manufactured to meet their performance
specifications at all rated voltages and frequencies. It’s necessary to calibrate the instrument
every 6 month. It’s suggested that choose a 10-mililitre syringe and a 1-mililitre target, then
measure the amount of pedal (pusher block) movement forwards in 1, 6 and 60 ml/h. The
movement must be 12.73 mm. To measure the accuracy of internal timer, the injection time must
be 60, 10 and 1 minute(s).
Warranty
Fnm Electroris is warranted for a period of one year from date of purchasing. At its option,
Fnm Co. will repair or replace the unit if it is found to be defective as to workmanship or
material.
The warranty does not extend to:
 Damage resulting from transportation, wrong connections with other systems, connection
with defective equipments, voltage fluctuations, fire or intensive heat, water or corrosive
chemicals, dust, lightning, natural disasters, collision, misusing the instrument or neglecting
the manual description.
 The devices that have been repaired by other companies.
 The devices that have been manipulated.
 Damaging the instrument labels or holograms
 Damage resulting from installation or updating the files, software, program and firmware by
irresponsible people.
 Damage resulting from not connecting the device to the earth.
 Damage resulting from connecting the high voltage wire to the body of device, drum, syring
pump and etc.
According to the warranty, our company will repair or replace the defective device free of
charge. You can send us the defective part(s) of device (such as HV power supply or/and syringe
pump) by post. We will accept any charge made for posting.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
Fnm Co.
Repair Facilities and Parts
Fnm Co. stocks replacement and repair parts. While ordering, please describe parts as
completely as possible. Preferably by using the part numbers, a sample or drawing.
CAUTION
Electroris use High-voltage power supply for generating nanofibers. The term high
voltage usually means electrical energy at voltages high enough to inflict harm or death upon
living things. High voltage can bridge long distances and break through the isolation. On the
surrounding objects it can form a dangerous charge. If not properly connected to proper
discharge resistor, capacitors can remain charged even long after shutdown.
Sparks in air
The dielectric breakdown strength of dry air, at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP),
between spherical electrodes is approximately 33 kV/cm. This is only as a rough guide, since the
actual breakdown voltage is highly dependent upon the electrode shape and size. Strong electric
fields (from high voltages applied to small or pointed conductors) often produce violet-colored
corona discharges in air, as well as visible sparks.
Grounding the System (Earth):
Due to the high voltages required to form the polymeric nanofibres, it is necessary to
ground the device through a grounding conductor of the power cord. Lack of a proper earth
connection and electronic system failure can carry electrical shock risks to the operator. The
screw at the back of device can be connected to the water metal pipe of the laboratory by a piece
of wire.
Maintenance and General Safety Summary
GENERAL SAFETY SUMMARY
Please read the following safety precautions to ensure proper use of your device. To avoid
potential hazards and product damage, use this product only as instructed in this manual. If the
equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the
equipment may be impaired.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
Fnm Co.
To Prevent Hazard or Injury:
Use Proper Line Cord
Use only the specified line cord for this product and make sure line cord is certified for
country of use.
Use Proper Power Supply
The unit is supplied with an approved power supply and line cord. To maintain the safety
integrity of the device, use only one of the following power supplies:
 200 – 240 V AC, 50-60 Hz
Ground the Product
This product is grounded through the grounding conductor of the power cord. To avoid
electric shock, the grounding conductor must be connected to earth ground. Before making any
connections to the input or output terminals of the product, ensure that the product is properly
grounded.
Make Proper Connections
Make sure all connections are made properly and securely.
Use Proper Fuse
Use only specified fuses with product.
Avoid Exposed Circuitry
Do not touch any electronic circuitry inside of the product.
Do Not Operate with Suspected Failures
If damage is suspected on or to the device, do not operate it. Contact with qualified service
personnel.
Place the device in Proper Environment
Review the operating manual for guidelines for proper operating environments. Keep the
instrument in a dry, clean and flat place. Avoid connecting the ventilation fan near the walls.
High viscosity solutions
Don’t use high viscosity solutions and syringes with very low diameter nozzle (High
gauges size).
Finishing the solution
Switch off the system after finishing the solution (Note: the target must always set at a
suitable value).
Clean the instrument
Clean the keyboard and body of the instrument with a medium detergent.
Oiling
Oil the syringe pump screws and their connections in certain time.
Nozzle Cleaning
After finishing the work, clean inside of nozzle and connections completely, put a piece of
thin wire inside the nozzle in order to avoid drying polymeric solution.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Observe all Warning Labels on Product
Read all labels on product to ensure proper usage.
Using an organic solvent
Notice that the used hose is able to solve in some organic solvents, so use Teflon or
Polyethylene hose instead of PVC.
Please inform FNM Co. staff if there is any problem.
The instrument limits:
Accuracy largely depends on the syringe and its diameter. Measurement error will directly
cause the injection error.
Warning:
The sound alarm inside the device can be set up to warn the user when completing each
order.
Introduction
Theory of Operation
Electrospinning Process
When a sufficiently high voltage is applied to a liquid droplet, the body of the liquid
becomes charged, and electrostatic repulsion counteracts the surface tension and the droplet is
stretched; at a critical point a stream of liquid erupts from the surface. This point of eruption is
known as the Taylor cone. If the molecular cohesion of the liquid is sufficiently high, stream
breakup does not occur (if it does, droplets are electrosprayed) and a charged liquid jet is formed.
As the jet dries in flight, the mode of current flow changes from ohmic to convective as the
charge migrates to the surface of the fiber. The jet is then elongated by a whipping process
caused by electrostatic repulsion initiated at small bends in the fiber, until it is finally deposited
on the grounded collector. The elongation and thinning of the fiber resulting from this bending
instability leads to the formation of uniform fibers with nanometer-scale diameters.
The standard laboratory setup for electrospinning consists of a spinneret (typically a
syringe needle) connected to a high-voltage (5 to 50 kV) direct current power supply, a syringe
pump, and a grounded collector. A polymer solution, sol-gel or particulate suspension is loaded
into the syringe and this liquid is extruded from the needle tip at a constant rate by a syringe
pump.
Syringe pump
The syringe pump of this device has been designed in order to use of a variety of syringes.
The system is able to inject the certain volume of solution with different rates. All models
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
Fnm Co.
employ a microcontroller which controls a small step angle stepping motor that drives a lead
screw and Pusher Block. Micro-stepping techniques are employed to further reduce the step
angle, eliminating flow pulsation. A keypad is used for entering the data to the pump. The
diameter of the syringes is entered via the keypad and the internal microprocessor drives a
precision stepper motor to produce accurate fluid flow. The pump can hold syringes of
nonconductive materials (plastic or glass) make from about 1 μl to 50ml. Nonvolatile memory
stores the last syringe diameter and flow rate along with other configuration data.
Front of Electroris: 1: HVPS, 2: Drum collector, 3: System controller & panel, 4: Syringe pump
Features
Bright Display and Easy-To-Use Interface
Using a 4-row 20-character LCD display cause to show the essential information, and its
background light facilitates the reading of information in the darkness. Using 20 keys avoids the
need for a multi-menu, so the system will be set and will start to operate by pressing a few keys.
Different parameters such as flow rate, syringe diameter, maximum of injection, start & end scan
position, scan speed and distance are adjustable.
A functional key for each line of LCD gives easy access to sub-systems of Electroris. It
will be discussed in detail later. Informational messages will be shown sometimes to indicate the
setting of data out of range, or a problem. Pressing any key clears the message from the display.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Keypad
The keypad consists of 20 membrane keys. These keys are grouped into 3 sections:
functional keys (L1, L2, L3 and L4), Data Entering keys (), and
Operational keys.
Syringe Table and Custom Syringes
If a non-standard syringe is to be used, enter the inside diameter of the syringe in
millimeters. Syringes are arranged according to manufacturer and material, and then according to
size. (See Appendix A).
Target Volume
Specify the volume that is to be infused. The pump will run at the rate specified until this
volume has been delivered in the Volume mode.
Nonvolatile Memory
All operational data entered into the pump from the keypad or from a computer will be
stored, including the program.
Smooth injection:
Using a high accuracy motor and driver profiles deliver very smooth and consistent flow,
that is virtually pulse free.
Adjusting the Pusher Block:
Using two keys that move the location of pusher block forward or backward can cause
adjusting of its position rapidly.
High Voltage Cable
Before turning on the device, make sure that the cable is connected to nozzle(s).
Connecting the high voltage cable to every part of the device (except the nozzle) causes
transmission of high voltage to the device and can fail it. Also it can damage the high voltage
power supply.
Note: Before starting the machine, be sure that the high voltage power supply is off.
Visual/Audible Alarm
In addition to visual alarm devices, the device has an audio alarm that will sound in
required times.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Package contents:
Contents of the Electroris package are Power cable, User manual, PVC hose, Earth cable
and Fuse. In software models, software CD and USB cable is also included.
Installation:
Physical installation
The following conditions must be noticed at the place where you work.
 A dry, clean and hard surface for keeping the instrument.
 Minimum of about 15 cm clearance around the device.
 suitable environmental conditions
 a proper ventilation
Turning on the device:





Plug in the power and then connect it to the input voltage of Electroris.
Turn on main power switch located on the rear of device.
Use black key on the right side of device to turning on the Electronic control
section. The display will now illuminate indicating that the power connections are
correct. The display will indicate FNM Co. internet address for 3 seconds. Then, the
scan system will be activated and the nozzle will be set at zero. After that, the
distance axis will set the drum at a 5cm-distance during this time the term "Set
Zero" will be shown on the display.
Use red key on the right side of device to turning on the High voltage power supply
section. At this moment, the high voltage power supply is in standby mode that is
shown by the blue LED.
In this step the device is ready to use.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
4. 1.
4. 2.
4. 3.
4. 4.
Syringe
Syringe Clamp
thumbscrew
Clamp Screw
Fnm Co.
4. 5. Pusher Blocks
4. 6. Stepper motor case
4. 7. Plastic case
Loading the Syringe
1. Adjust the syringe pusher block (4.5) by pressing the positional switches
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
on the keypad.
Raise the spring loaded syringe retainer (4.3) and swing it out of the way.
Lay the loaded syringe in the ‘V’ shaped syringe block.
Swing the syringe retainer so it holds the syringe in place.
Move the pusher block (4.5), using the positional switches, so it makes contact with the
syringe plunger.
Tighten down thumbscrews on syringe block bracket so that it captures flanges on
syringe barrel.
Tighten thumbscrew into place when switch is set.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Proper syringe selection:
Min Rate (Microliter/hour) = 0.5 * Syringe diameter (mm) ^ 2
Max Rate (Mililiter/hour) = 0.80 * Syringe diameter (mm) ^ 2
Example:
a 1mm-diameter syringe: Min rate: 144.5 µl/h; Max rate: 231.2 ml/h
a 10mm-diameter syringe: Min rate: 50 µl/h; Max rate: 80 ml/h
a 17mm-diameter syringe: Min rate: 50 µl/h; Max rate: 80 ml/h
Display System
This screen consists of four rows(lines) that show the situation of each sub-system:
First line: the injected volume of solution (ml)
Second line: The position of nozzle(s) (per millimeter)
Third line: The distance from the nozzle tip to the drum surface (mm)
Fourth line: Drum rotation speed based on RPM
Description 1: The keys L1, L2, L3 and L4 located on the left of each row are used to set each
sub-system.
Description 2: The last character on the right of each row indicates the moving (>) or stop ( | )
situation.
User Interface
The user interface consists of a keypad with a display area. The panel consists of a 4-row,
20-character alphanumeric vacuum green or blue fluorescent display, a 10-round volume drum
rotation speed control, a system to control the chamber temperature, two LEDs (blue and red)
and a switch to turn on and off the fluorescent lamps.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
Fnm Co.
The Keypad of Fnm electrospinning system
Setting displays are used to facilitate entering data into the system software. Data entry will
be discussed in detail later in this section. Informational messages occur at various times to
indicate such items as a data setting out of range, or a detected problem such as the pump out of
range flow rate. Pressing any key clears the message from the display.
DESCRIPTION OF KEYS
The keypad consists of 20 keys. The keys are used for entering control information and
data into the device.
Data Entry Keys
 Used to enter numeric data values or access special features.
ENTER: Saves and stores displayed data value in memory when setting a data item.
Cancel: Cancel the new displayed data and return the stored value.
Syringe pump (injection) system
The syringe pump can take one or two syringes make by nonconductive materials (plastic
or glass syringes) and sizes below 50ml. The inner diameter of the syringe(s) is entered by the
keyboard and the internal microprocessor calculates the cross-sectional area to calibrate the
pump for that syringe.
Note 1: Please be careful the hose is not soluble in the solvent. For example, PVC hose can
be solved in most organic solvents. In the case, use Teflon or polyethylene hose.
Note 2: At the end of electrospinning process, it is necessary to clean inside the nozzle(s)
and tube. Then, put a piece of thin wire inside the nozzle(s) to avoid drying the polymeric
solution.
Note 3: The electricity can be transferred to the syringe through the tube, so the syringe
shouldn’t be contaminated by the solution. If the syringe is contaminated, you will hear the
discharge noise. In this time, should be turned off the “high voltage” and cleaned off the
conaminated area immediately.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Note 4: Most existing tubes are not strength enough to avoid passing high voltage
electricity, so it’s necessary to keep tubes far away from devices such as syringe pumps.
In the syringe pump, one or two syringes can be used. Using two syringes increases the
amount of produced nanofiber. However, because of interaction between the formed polymer jets
on the nozzles’ tip, using more than one syringe can alter the nanofiber size and its morphology.
So, it’s better to use one syringe to optimize the process. If you use more than two syringes, the
minimum distance between two nozzles should be about 4 cm, more or less, although this
distance depends on the polymer, voltage and etc. (If you need more than two syringes, please
contact with Fnm Co.)
By pressing the key “L1” the following message will be shown:
In this page 3 injection parameters are adjustable.
Second Row (L2): “syringe inner diameter”: It’s the most important parameter in calculating the
flow rate, so it’s necessary to measure and enter it correctly. When the syringe is changed, the
new diameter value must be set. Units are in millimeters (mm). Enter the inside diameter (ID) of
the syringe you wish to use. If you do not know your syringe diameter, refer to appendix A for
nominal inside diameters of most popular syringes. For the greatest accuracy or if your syringe is
not listed in appendix B, measure the inside diameter with a vernier caliper or other precision
measuring tool. Record this value for future use. For setting it, press the key “L2” until the
registered number blinks. Then, enter the new value by using the panel numeric keys
().
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Register or cancel the new value: For removing the last entered number, you can use the
backspace key “”. In order to save the value, press just related line switch. For example, the
key “L2” should be pressed to record the syringe diameter. To withdraw from the new value, you
have to press “Cancel” on the key. So, the previous value will be shown again.
Nonstop injection: In some versions, it must be to set Target in 0 to have a nonstop
injection.
Note: Pressing the key
causes cancel or return to the higher stage.
Third line (L3): “Injection rate/ Flow rate/Infuse rate” (milliliter per hour): it indicates the
injected volume in one hour.
Minimum and maximum injection rate: According to the selected syringe, the maximum
and minimum injection rate can be vary. It’s suggested using a 5-ml syringe (for rates less than
10 ml/h) or a 2-ml syringe (for rates less than 1 ml/h) to increase the injection accuracy. For
higher rates, you have to use a syringe larger than 5 ml.
Description: The minimum and maximum rates largely depend on the syringe diameter. If
the entered injection rate is more than the defined rate for the system, the message below will be
shown. So you have to use another syringe for your application.
Fourth Row (L4): “Maximum injection volume” (ml): If you want to stop the system after
certain injecting volume of the solution, you can use this section. In this case, after injecting the
specified volume, the system will stop and the following message will be shown.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Continuous infusion: In order to continue the infusion, the volume should be set at zero.
Reset the injected value: By pressing the key
twice, causes the volume is set at zero.
Finishing the solution: In some models, when the pedal (Pusher Block) reaches to the end
position, the system will automatically stop in order to avoid damaging to screws and the motor,
so the pedal must be moved backwards by the positional keys and the syringe have to be
changed.
Note: The most of models don’t have this switch, so be careful of finishing the solution.
Note: Because of different sizes of syringes, automatically determining the end of injection is
difficult. So, it is recommended that the maximum volume (L4) is set at the amount of solution.
For example, if the syringe contains 2 mililiters of the solution, the maximum volume should be
set at 2, to turn the device off automatically after finishing the solution.
Nozzle Scan System
By pressing the key “L2”, the following message will be shown:
In this page, 3 parameters are adjustable.
Second Row (L2): “Scan start position” (per mm). Adjust the starting point of scan.
It cannot be more than end position.
Third line (L3): “Scan end position” (per mm). Adjust the ending point of scan.
It cannot be less than start position.
Fourth Row (L4): “Scan rate” (mm / min)
Example 1: StartPos = 100; EndPos = 250; Speed = 500
According to the example, the scanning is done from the starting point (100mm) to 250mm
with the rate of 500 mm/min.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Example 2: StartPos = 150; EndPos = 150; Speed = 0
According to the example, only adjusting the nozzle is done at the point of 150mm and
remains constant.
Distance adjustment system:
Distance between the nozzle tip and the collector is called "electrospinning distance Due to
the conditions, it is usually from 10 to 20 cm, more or less. In most systems, the collector is
grounded, however, connecting the negative voltage to the collector has interesting results.
Note: According to different sizes of nozzles, the electrospinning distance can be more/less
than the calculated value, so it must be corrected by the user.
By pressing the key “L3”, the following message will be shown:
It has only one adjustable parameter.
Third line (L3): “The distance adjustment”. previous data change to blink mode and new
data is requested. In order to enter new data, you have to use the keys (),
then press the key “L3” again to record the new data.
Note: After entering the new data, the previous data remain until the key “L3” is pressed.
The drum rotation speed:
Due to the type of electrospinning system, the minimum and maximum drum rotation
speed can be variable. In high speed systems (up to 2500 rpm), the minimum rotation speed is
about 350 rpm.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Fourth line (L4): By pressing the key “L4”, the “OFF” will be zero. Then, by pressing the
button, the drum will begin to rotate and the rotation speed is shown in the fourth line.
In this page:
The injected volume is 0.127 ml (127 microliters), the scan position of nozzle is 198 mm,
the electrospinning distance is 50 mm (fixed) and the drum speed is 2788 rpm.
Adjusting the drum rotation speed: A 10-turn potentiometer has been placed on the left
of the panel in order to increase or reduce the rotating speed of drum.
Note: If volume is set at low levels, due to the low voltage applied to the drum motor, when the
system starts, the drum won’t begin to rotate. It is better to set the potentiometer in 3; and if it’s
necessary, adjust the rotation speed after starting. If you want to cancel the drum rotation, press
the key “L4” and put it in “OFF” mode.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Setting the temperature of chamber:
The maximum temperature of chamber has been set 45 °C. The red LED indicates that the
heating system is “ON” and the blue LED shows that the ventilation system is “ON”. The right
key is used to turn this system On/Off.
Because the temperature can directly affect the viscosity and surface tension of polymeric
solutions, it is one of the most important parameters in electrospinning process, especially in
research work. By pressing the key “*”, the desired temperature of chamber will be set. In this
case, the keys “Up” and “down” can be used in order to increase or reduce the temperature.
Note 1: The maximum adjustable temperature is 45°C. Although it’s possible to be more than
45°C, it is recommended to set the temperature below 45 °C to avoid damaging the electronic
parts and power supply system.
Note 2: In this system, you cannot set the temperature of chamber less than the ambient
temperature.
Ventilators: Since the formation of nanofibres is done by evaporating the polymer solvent, any
factor that reduces the evaporation can impair the formation of nanofibres. Because the chamber
is closed, after a short time, the solvent vapor saturates the chamber and the evaporation process
will be slow. So, it is necessary to bring the solvent out of the chamber without affecting the
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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temperature. Hence, a small ventilation fan is placed behind the device. It is controlled by a
thermostat timer and is automatically turned on/off.
Description: If it is necessary to work at room temperature, it’s better the desired temperature is
set below the room temperature rather than turning off the heating system (that makes the
ventilation fan turn off).
Set mode:
Press “*” key for minimum 3 seconds. The electroris is set in beow values:
0.typ:
1.d1f:
2.dly:
3.rst:
Heat
1
0
0
4.tsh: 45
5.tsl: 10
6.5a0: 1
7.ton: 1
8.tof: 3
9.aoc: 1
For more information about digital thermostat see appendix A.
Lightening the chamber:
You can turn on the chamber light by using the key below:
High Voltage Power Supply (HVPS)
The power supply embedded into the device has a positive 35 kV output. Two different
types of HVPS are available in this system.
OV Series with an output high voltage indicator (Accuracy=0.1 kV).
OC series with an output high voltage indicator (Accuracy=0.1 kV) and an output current
display (Accuracy=1 micro-amp).
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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There is a 10-turn potentiometer as a voltage regulator to increase or reduce the voltage
from 0 to rated voltage.
Turning on the HVPS
Use the “On/Off” key on the right of HVPS.
Note: For more safety, before turning on the HV, set the potentiometer at a low voltage and then
adjust it at the desired value. In this case, any unwanted connection will be identified and fixed at
lower voltages.
Kilo-Voltmeter: accuracy 0.1 kV (100 V).
For more safety, there are switch on the each door of instrument that cause to stop the HV
when one of the doors is open.
Note: If HVPS is on, but the Kilo-Voltmeter shows zero voltage, check the doors to be closed.
Micro amperemeter (in OC series): There is a micro-amperemeter to show the current at the
high voltage output that provides interesting information about electrospinning process.
Note: Due to low electricity consumption in the electrospinning process, any increasing in the
current shows the discharge. In this case, the device should be turned off and the discharge
situation, especially connection sites in the syringe pump, should be checked.
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
Appendix A: Syringe inside Diameter
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Fnm Co.
Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Appendix B: Set mode of Digital Temperature
Controller
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Lab-scale Electrospinning unit (Electroris) user’s mannual
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Appendix C: Syringe Needle Conversion Chart
Needle
Nominal Outer Diameter
Nominal Inner Diameter
Nominal Wall Thickness
Gauge
inches
mm
tol. inches
(mm)
inches
mm
tol. inches
(mm)
inches
mm
tol. inches
(mm)
7
0.180
4.572
±0.001
(±0.025)
0.150
3.810
±0.003
(±0.076)
0.015
0.381
±0.001
(±0.025)
8
0.165
4.191
"
0.135
3.429
"
"
"
"
9
0.148
3.759
"
0.118
2.997
"
"
"
"
10
0.134
3.404
"
0.106
2.692
"
0.014
0.356
"
11
0.120
3.048
"
0.094
2.388
"
0.013
0.330
"
12
0.109
2.769
"
0.085
2.159
"
0.012
0.305
"
13
0.095
2.413
"
0.071
1.803
"
"
"
"
14
0.083
2.108
"
0.063
1.600
"
0.01
0.254
"
15
0.072
1.829
±0.0005
(±0.013)
0.054
1.372
±0.0015
(±0.038)
0.009
0.229
±0.0005
(±0.013)
16
0.065
1.651
"
0.047
1.194
"
"
"
"
17
0.058
1.473
"
0.042
1.067
"
0.008
0.203
"
18
0.050
1.270
"
0.033
0.838
"
0.0085
0.216
"
19
0.042
1.067
"
0.027
0.686
"
0.0075
0.191
"
20
0.03575
0.9081
±0.00025
(±0.0064)
0.02375
0.603
±0.00075
(±0.019)
0.006
0.1524
±0.00025
(±0.0064)
21
0.03225
0.8192
"
0.02025
0.514
"
"
"
"
22
0.02825
0.7176
"
0.01625
0.413
"
"
"
"
22s
"
"
"
0.006
0.152
"
0.0111
0.2826
"
23
0.02525
0.6414
"
0.01325
0.337
"
0.006
0.1524
"
24
0.02225
0.5652
"
0.01225
0.311
"
0.005
0.1270
"
25
0.02025
0.5144
"
0.01025
0.260
"
"
"
"
26
0.01825
0.4636
"
"
"
"
0.004
0.1016
"
26s
0.01865
0.4737
"
0.005
0.127
"
0.0068
0.1734
27
0.01625
0.4128
"
0.00825
0.210
"
0.004
0.1016
"
28
0.01425
0.3620
"
0.00725
0.184
"
0.0035
0.0889
"
29
0.01325
0.3366
"
"
"
"
0.003
0.0762
"
30
0.01225
0.3112
"
0.00625
0.159
"
"
"
"
31
0.01025
0.2604
"
0.00525
0.133
"
0.0025
0.0635
"
32
0.00925
0.2350
"
0.00425
0.108
"
"
"
"
33
0.00825
0.2096
"
"
"
"
0.002
0.0508
"
34
0.00725
0.1842
"
"
"
"
"
0.00325 0.0826
23