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Contents
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Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Purpose
1.3 Goal
1.4 Achievements
1.5 Outline .
Theory
2.1 Light propagation in matter
2.1.1 Reflection
2.1.2 Absorption
2.1.3 Scattering
2.2 The diode laser
2.2.1 History.
2.2.2 Advantages
2.2.3 Basic principles
2.2.4 Optical properties .
2.2.5 Mode jumps .
2.2.6 Tunability
2.3 Absorption spectroscopy
2.3.1 Line shapes
2.3.2 Analysis
2.4 Modulation
2.4.1 Advantages
2.4.2 Basic principles
2.4.3 Lock-in amplifier
2.5 GAS~L~S
2.5.1 Basic principles
2.5.2 \' ormalization .
2.5.3 Standard addition .
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