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Caution symbol .................................................................................................. A-5 Warnings that apply to all Waters instruments ......................................... A-6 Electrical and handling symbols ................................................................. A-12 Electrical symbols .......................................................................................... A-12 Handling symbols .......................................................................................... A-13 B Specifications ........................................................................................ B-1 C Solvent Considerations ....................................................................... C-1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... Clean solvents .................................................................................................. Solvent quality ................................................................................................. Preparation checklist....................................................................................... Water ................................................................................................................ Using buffers .................................................................................................... Tetrahydrofuran .............................................................................................. C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 C-3 Solvent miscibility ........................................................................................... C-3 How to use miscibility numbers...................................................................... C-5 Buffered solvents ............................................................................................. C-6 Head height ....................................................................................................... C-6 Minimum tubing bend radius recommendations ..................................... C-6 Solvent viscosity ............................................................................................... C-7 Mobile phase solvent degassing ................................................................... C-7 Gas solubility ................................................................................................... C-7 Solvent degassing methods ............................................................................ Sparging ........................................................................................................... Vacuum degassing ........................................................................................... Solvent degassing considerations ................................................................... C-8 C-9 C-9 C-9 Wavelength selection .................................................................................... C-10 UV cutoffs for common solvents.................................................................... C-10 Mixed mobile phases...................................................................................... C-12 x Table of Contents
