Download Manual - TMG Test Equipment
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Complimentary Reference Material This PDF has been made available as a complimentary service for you to assist in evaluating this model for your testing requirements. TMG offers a wide range of test equipment solutions, from renting short to long term, buying refurbished and purchasing new. Financing options, such as Financial Rental, and Leasing are also available on application. TMG will assist if you are unsure whether this model will suit your requirements. Call TMG if you need to organise repair and/or calibrate your unit. If you click on the “Click-to-Call” logo below, you can all us for FREE! TMG Corporate Website TMG Products Website Disclaimer: All trademarks appearing within this PDF are trademarks of their respective owners. Form 080/01 User Manual SD-24 TDR/Sampling Head 070–7052–02 This document applies for firmware version X.XX and above. Warning The servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel only. To avoid personal injury, do not perform any servicing unless you are qualified to do so. Refer to the Safety Summary prior to performing service. #%* +/4536.'/5 .#/6(#%563'& $: ',530/+9 *#4 # 4'3+#- /6.$'3 0/ # 1#/'- +/4'35 03 5#) 03 45#.1'& 0/ 5*' %*#44+4 *' (+345 -'55'3 +/ 5*' 4'3+#- /6.$'3 &'4+)/#5'4 5*' %06/53: 0( .#/6(#%563' *' -#45 (+7' &+)+54 0( 5*' 4'3+#- /6.$'3 #3' #44+)/'& 4'26'/5+#--: #/& #3' 6/+26' 50 '#%* +/4536.'/5 *04' .#/6(#%563'& +/ 5*' /+5'& 5#5'4 *#7' 4+9 6/+26' &+)+54 *' %06/53: 0( .#/6(#%563' +4 +&'/5+(+'& #4 (0--084 ',530/+9 /% '#7'350/ 3')0/ ',530/+9 /+5'& +/)&0. 5& 0/&0/ 0/:',530/+9 #1#/ ',530/+9 0--#/& ! ''3'/7''/ *' '5*'3-#/&4 /4536.'/54 .#/6(#%563'& (03 ',530/+9 $: '95'3/#- 7'/&034 0654+&' 5*' /+5'& 5#5'4 #3' #44+)/'& # 580 &+)+5 #-1*# %0&' 50 +&'/5+(: 5*' %06/53: 0( .#/6(#%563' ') (03 #1#/ (03 0/) 0/) (03 43#'- '5% ',530/+9 /% 09 '#7'350/ 3+/5'& +/ 01:3+)*5 E ',530/+9 /% -- 3+)*54 3'4'37'& ',530/+9 130&6%54 #3' %07'3'& $: #/& (03'+)/ 1#5'/54 +446'& #/& 1'/&+/) *' (0--08+/) #3' 3')+45'3'& 53#&'.#3,4 " #/& ; WARRANTY ! " " " ! ! " " ! ! " " ! ! " " ! " ! " " " " " " ! " " ! " THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THIS PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX' RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Table of Contents SDĆ24 User Manual List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Connector Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Installing the Sampling Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Using the Sampling Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Connecting Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buttons and Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instrument/Sampling Head Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . &$$%) (&$ * !%($ (&%* %# (&($$( %*( &$$%) 11 12 12 13 Adjusting Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Stored Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loop Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "+)*!% &&' !% Offset Null . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "+)*!% )* +## TDR Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 19 21 22 Taking TDR Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 TDR Step Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '(*!&% %*& &(* !(+!* '(*!&% %*& W & '(*!&% %*& % '% !(+!* )#!% &((*!&% Example: Taking TDR Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %!% (*!+# %!*) &( Example: Differential and Common Mode TDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . )+($%*) More About TDR Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 26 29 31 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 i ii List of Figures '%1.# 56 *-)'+% # " ),!( ' %. * '%1.# 5 *-)'+% # " ,*- .0*#+0/ '+ + +" '%1.# 5+/0 ))'+% *-)'+% # " '+ + +/0.1*#+0 '%1.# 5 *-)'+% # " .,+0 +#) '%1.# 5&# *-)'+% # " +!/ ,-6- #+1 '%1.# 5'/-) 4#" . !# 2'0& &.## ,,- '+ #00'+%/ '%1.# 50#- #+#. 0,. '*-)'$'#" !&#* 0'! ' %. * '%1.# 50#- #+#. 0,. 2'0& &,.0#" 10-10 '%1.# 50#- #+#. 0',+ 2'0& W , " '%1.# 50#- #+#. 0',+ 2'0& + -#+ '.!1'0 '%1.# 5,++#!0',+/ $,. 3 *-)# '%1.# 5 0#- +" #$)#!0',+ '%1.# 5&# . 0'!1)#/ ,-6- #+1 '%1.# 5 .,- % 0',+ #) 4 SDĆ24 User Manual iii iv List of Tables $%" ! ! ! $%! ! ! ! $% ! ! $%#! ! SDĆ24 User Manual v vi Introduction &# 7 *-)'+% #" '0 &'%&7-#/$,/*+!# 0*-)'+% &#" 1&1 !+ # '+01))#" '+ 1&# #/'#0 '%'1) *-)'+% 0!')),0!,-#0 1&# 7 2)1'7&++#) +'1 +" 1&# #/'#0 ,**2+'!1',+0 '%+) +)56#/0 &# 7 *-)'+% #" -/,3'"#0 1&# $,)),4'+% $#12/#0 H 4, '+"#-#+"#+1 !&++#)0 4'1& 0'%+) !.2'0'1',+ +" 01#- %#+#/1,/ !- ')'1'#0 + ""'1',+ 1, 0'%+) 0*-)'+% 1&# 14, !&++#)0 )#1 5,2 -#/$,/* "'$$#/#+1') +" !,**,+ *,"# +" *#02/#*#+10 H ,1& 01#- %#+#/1,/0 &3# 04'1!& )# -,)/'15 4'1& * *-)'12"# H -0 15-'!) "'0-)5#" '+!'"#+1 /'0# 1'*# +" -0 ,/ )#00 !.2'0'1',+ /'0#1'*# &# /#$)#!1#" /'0# 1'*# '0 -0 ,/ )#00 H 6 15-'!) +"4'"1& -/,3'"#0 &'%&70-##" 0'%+) !-12/# H '0-)5#" +,'0# '0 m 15-'!) 4'1&,21 0*,,1&'+% +" m 15-'!) 4'1& 0*,,1&'+% ,+ )"#/ 0*-)'+% &#"0 &3# "'$$#/#+1 +,'0# 0-#!'$'!1',+ 0## -#!'$'!1',+0 ,+ -%# H /#!'0',+ ** !,++#!1,/0 H &++#) #)#!1 211,+ $,/ .2'!( 1/!# !.2'0'1',+ +" 0#)#!1',+ $/,* 1&# 0*-)'+% &#" $/,+1 -+#) 0 0&,4+ '+ '%2/# 1&# 7 &0 14, '+"#-#+"#+1 !&++#)0 #!& &0 '10 ,4+ !.2'0'1',+ +" 01#- %#+#/1',+ !'/!2'1/5 &# 01/, # "/'3# 0'%+) $/,* 1&# *'+$/*# !,+1/,)0 1&# 1'*'+% ,$ 1&# 01/, # 00#/1',+ 1, #!& !.2'0'1',+ 0501#* &# 01/, # %#+#/1,/ '+ 1&# 0*-)'+% &#" '0 !,**,+ 1, ,1& !&++#)0 %2/+1##'+% 0*-)'+% !,'+!'"#+!# #14##+ 1&# 14, !&++#)0 SDĆ24 User Manual 1 Introduction )% #')$' W &*()$# -()" '+ )'$ '+ )'$ #')$' &*()$# -()" )'$ #( )% #')$' $'$" #'" '! !- W Figure 1:ăSDĆ24 Sampling Head Block Diagram ()'$ (#( (#! ( %') $ ) ()'$ (#! ')*'# )$ ) "#. '" "#'" "$#)$'( ) )" *')$# $ ) ()'$ '+()'$ (#( !$$% # *()( !- #( ) "#'" )$ "#)# $'') ()'$ )"# $) ##!( + ()% #')$' ()% #')$'( # #%#. #)!- ((') #)+.$# $' %$()+.$# ()% (# $) ##!( -$* # %'$'" '#)! # $""$# "$ " $"# !)$")' # ),$.%$') )".$"# #),$' #!-(( &*()$# '()" ( %( $' !(( (%!- '!) '()" ( %( $' !(( $ #(*' %'$%' )"# ),# ) ),$ ()% $*)%*)( ) ($# ##! ( &*%% ,) +'! !- 2 SDĆ24 User Manual Safety Terms in Manuals Terms on Equipment Symbols in Manuals "" !"$ $! Symbols on Equipment " ""$ # " " " # Grounding the Instrument SDĆ24 User Manual 3 Safety Do Not Operate in Explosive Atmospheres 4 SDĆ24 User Manual Electrostatic Discharge CAUTION SDĆ24 User Manual 5 Electrostatic Discharge 6 SDĆ24 User Manual Connector Care '$#) $ ) ("%!# ( ),$ %'($# "" $##)$'( $# $' ##! . ' $' ))# ) (#! ! $' ) + *#' )() ( ' /%'($# $##)$'( ,) !$(' "#! )$!'# )# ()#' !( +' )) ! )$ ("%!# $#/ #)$' ) ! ( ,$'# $' " $##)$' *( ) ("%!# $##)$' ". " ( -)' ' ,# ))# $' '"$+# ! '$" ) $##)$'( *'# $#!. ) #*) #$) ) ! # ))# ! )$ ("%!# $##)$' !# ) $##)$'( '*!!. $' )*'## ) #*) ( !) #' %'((*' )$ " )( #)! $##)$# # ))# ) #*) !)!. ,) ,'# $' () '%)!). # )$ %'$!$# ) ! $ $) $##)$'( *( )$'&* ,'# # ))# ) $##)$# )$ ) '# $ !/# /" ) ("%!# $##)$'( ,!! '+ +. *( (* ( # %'$*/ )$# #+'$#"#) .$* ($*! #()!! %)'( $' -"%! $##)$' (+/ '( $# ) ("%!# )$ " $##)$#( )$ ) + *#' )() SDĆ24 User Manual 7 Connector Care 8 SDĆ24 User Manual Installing the Sampling Head . #! '& !'" ' %"!' #! " " #' !&'%( !' &( & ' %& ' #! &"&"#& "% %& " (!'"!& ! !,-%& (% &"*& ' %"!' #! " ! ' #! &"&"# ! " (. !'"!& ! !,-% ! ' "'"!& " ' & #! " #%'. !'& "' '' "! ' %& "!, '*" " #%' !'& #%") &! $(&'"! #', "'% '*" " #%' !'& "!, #%") #"*% "% + # '" #"*% ! "#'.'".'% "!)%'% ' &' "! & #! (&' !&' ! ! %& "% %& !&'%( !' '" & # &!& Sampling Head Compartments 11801B Sampling Head Compartments CSA 803A Power Only Sampling Head Compartments Figure 2:ăSampling Head Compartments in an 11801B and a CSA 803A SDĆ24 User Manual 9 Installing the Sampling Head ! ! #! ! ! ! !! #$ " ! #! " ! ! !" ! %# # ! !! ! ! CAUTION #! ! ! !"! # ! # $ ! !"! $% ! ! #% ! !"! ! !! #$ " ! #! " ! ! !" ! %# # ! ! !! ! ! " LockĆDown Screw Sampling Head Figure 3:ăInstalling a Sampling Head in an Instrument 10 SDĆ24 User Manual Using the Sampling Head Front Panel (% &#*& ' %#"' $" # ' , !$ " " "', & ' (''#"& '& " #""'#%& LockĆDown Screw SELECT CHANNEL Button Channel Indicator Light (Yellow) Top Channel Signal Connector TDR ON Light (Red) Bottom Channel Figure 4:ăSampling Head Front Panel "" & !! #""'#% #% &" "$('&'$ #('$(' (''#" " + #* "" "'#% ' CAUTION " "$(' #& (& " ' &!$ " & % )%+ &(&$' '# !, %#! #)%%) &" #% )# '& " %#! '%#&'' &% )% $$ + )# ' #('& ' %" # " $%' ' "&'%(!"' #" + " &'',#"'%# ")%#"!"' *+& (& *%&' &'%$ *" " " &!$ " & #% !" #""'#"& SDĆ24 User Manual 11 Using the Sampling Head Connecting Signals # -$"(& )(( .), !), # #(( & $- /- .) )(( . -$"(&- !), -'4 *&$(" ( .) )/.*/. -. *- # - , *, $-$)( '' )(( .),- 1#$# , ' #($&&3 )'*.$& 1$.# .# -.(, (*/. $'* ( $- W. - 2., , 1$.# .# -'*&$(" # )(( .),- - .$)( Buttons and Lights .# )(( .), , # #(( & #- /..)( 3 &&)1 #(( & &$"#. ( , &$"#. # 3 &&)1 #(( & &$"#. ( #0 .#, -.. - )!! )( -. 3 ), &$(%$(" # )* ,.$)( )! .# #(( & /..)( * (- )( .# -.. )! .# &$"#. H ! .# 3 &&)1 &$"#. $- )!! .# ( .# #(( & $- (). +/$,$(" ., . ( () ., $- $-*&3 !,)' .#. #(( & # ( .# &$"#. $- )!! *, --$(" .# /..)( /- - .# #(( & .) +/$, ., . ( $-*&3 ., )! .#. #(( & (*/. !,)' .#. #(( & )' .# - & . ., -) .# 3 &&)1 &$"#. &$(%- H ! .# 3 &&)1 &$"#. $- )( -. 3 .# #(( & $- +/$,$(" ., . # ., . $- $-*&3 - -$("& ., (), '3 *,. )! ().# , $-*&3 ., )1 0 , .# ., $- (). .# - & . ., # ( .# &$"#. $- )( -. 3 *, --$(" .# /..)( - & .- .#. ., /-$(" .# &$"#. .) &$(% H ! .# 3 &&)1 &$"#. $- &$(%$(" .# #(( & $- *,. ), && )! .# - & . ., # ( .# &$"#. $- &$(%$(" *, --$(" .# /..)( , ')0 - ., $-*&3$(" .#. #(( & # #(( & -.)*- +/$-$.$)(- ( .# 3 &&)1 &$"#. ./,(- )!! # , &$"#. $($. - 1# .# , ), (). .# 4 $- - ($(" )/. -. * !,)' .# -. * " ( ,.), .#,)/"# .# -$"(& )(( .), )/ ((). )(.,)& .# !/(.$)( !,)' .# 4 !,)(. *( & .# '$(4 !,' $(-.,/' (. ./,(- .#$- ! ./, )( ), )!! 12 SDĆ24 User Manual Using the Sampling Head Instrument/Sampling Head Interaction 2 %($!& !* ()+ ' $)) !&*+),%&+ *0*+% '*+ ' + 2 ,&+!'&* ) '&+)'$$ ,+'%+!$$0 0 + %!&)% !&*+),2 %&+ * !&$, *, + !&* * -)+!$ *$!& & ')!1'&+$ *%($!& )+ ', ' &'+ !)+$0 '&+)'$ + * ()%+)* + 0 ) '&+)'$$ ') 0', * 0', ()')% +*#* '& + %!&)% ()%+)* + + 0', & '&+)'$ )'% + 2 )'&+ (&$ ) '-) !& + ,++'&* & ! +* *+!'& ) ) !+!'&$ 2 ,&+!'&* + + 0', '&+)'$ !)+$0 ,+ )'% + %!&)% !&*+),%&+ * ,&+!'&* ) H %''+ !& 3 . & &$ ),* &'!* !& + *!&$ ') !+ !* !!+!1 NOTE SDĆ24 User Manual H 3 . & &$ +,)&* '& + *+( &)+') & *&* *+( ',+ + *!&$ '&&+') !* *+( !* *0& )'&!1 .!+ + !&+)&$ $'# ' + %!&)% H '$)!+0 3 +)%!&* . + ) + *+( !* &+!-2'!& ') ('*!+!-2'!& H D $0 3 ",*+* + +!% $0 ' + &&$ *+( $'.) &&$ .!+ )*(+ +' + &&$ *+( ,(() &&$ H /+)&$ &&$ ++&,+!'& 3 &$* 0', +' &+) &,%) )()2 *&+!& &0 /+)&$ ++&,+!'& 0', - +' &&$ 13 Using the Sampling Head Commands From the Mainframe Front Panel Sampling Head Fnc's Selected Channel Smoothing TDR/TDT TDR Polarity TDR Head D Delay Figure 5:ăThe Sampling Head Fnc's PopĆUp Menu 14 SDĆ24 User Manual Using the Sampling Head Programmer Interface Commands %##$( '%# '#%) %#&*)' )% ) '!( %' '!( !$()'*#$) +! $ %' / / !$)' $ %$)'%" ) (#/ &"!$ *$)!%$( ( %##$( ' ('! "%, %' ) ( %##$( <alpha> !$!)( ) *$!) "))' %' #!$'# %' %' %' $ / *")!/ $$" *$!) %' ) '!( <alpha> !( ",.( $ <ui> !$!)( ) $$" $*#' %' ) $$" .%* ,$) )% ) H CH<alpha><ui> SMOOTHING: ON | OFF !( %##$ )*'$( (#%%) !$ %$ %' % H CH<alpha><ui> TDRSTATE: ON | OFF !( %##$ )*'$( ) ()& $')%' %$ %' % H CH<alpha><ui> TDRPOLARITY: PLUS | MINUS !( %##$ (")( $)!+/%!$ %' &%(!)!+/%!$ ()& H CH<alpha><ui> TDRDELAY: <NRx> !( %##$ (&!!( ) ". <NRx> % ) $$" ()& $'/ )%' ()& "%,' $$" '")!+ )% $$" *&&' $$" H CH<alpha><ui> EXTAttenuation: <NRx> !( %##$ (&!!( ) -)'$" $$" ))$*)!%$ % ) (&!/ ! $$" , ' <NRx> !( "%)!$ &%!$) ))$*)!%$ )%' %' %#&") !$%'#)!%$ %*) %, )% *( ) / )% !(&". )'( ( ) &&'%&'!) #!$'# *(' ''$ #$*" SDĆ24 User Manual 15 Using the Sampling Head 16 SDĆ24 User Manual Adjusting Parameters ' , , +, (*'*%& *'% 0'-* 1 %($!& 0'- %0 & ,' "-+, +%($!& (*%,*+ + (*%,*+ , '/ , +%($!& )-!*+ +!&$+ & , , -*0 ' , *+-$,!& ,* 0(!$$0 0'- %0 /&, ,' "-+, +%($!& (*%,*+ / &.* 0'. %'. , +%($!& ,' &', * +$', '* ! , %!&, ,%(*,-* + & %'* , & " _ +!& , (*%,*+ /* $+, "-+, , , ,'*0 , (*%,*+ * +, !& & &.!*'&%&, /!, & %!&, ,%1 (*,-* ' _ NOTE '- & "-+, +%($!& (*%,*+ , &0 ,!% '/.* -*!& !&+,*-%&, /*%1-( , .$-+ %0 & + , ,%(*,-* .*!+ '+ '-$ "-+, , +%($!& (*%,*+ ,* , !&+,*-%&, + & '& '* , $+, %!&-,+ * * , * !*&, (*%,*+ , , 0'- & "-+, '& &&$ ' 0'-* +%($!& H ''( !& H +, &-$$ H +,( %($!,- ,-$ (*'-* '* (*'*%!& , "-+,%&, !+ (&&, '& , %!&*% !&+,*-%&, '* , *!+ & , *!+ 0'& -+ , & & -*0 ,-* ,' "-+, +%($!& (*%1 ,*+ , !+ )-!# & +!%($ (*'++ , '* 0'-* !&+,*-1 %&, '* !&+,*-,!'&+ ,' (*'*% , + "-+,%&,+ SDĆ24 User Manual 17 Adjusting Parameters Stored Parameters * $# &$ "( $$ #$"# $' &%# $ $ " $ & "$"# # &%# " "" $ # & (% "& $ # " $ #$"%$ $"( %$ &%# " $ # "$"# " #$ $ $ $"( # %$ &%# " " "$ " ( $# (% $ %#$ # "$" $ "$" # * $( $ $ %$ # #$ ' (% '"* $ #$"%$ '&" (% #$" $ ' "$" &% # $ %#" #$$ %#" #$$# " #$" $ # # $$ $( " $ #$ $ '"* " "#$" $ '"* (% $) $ " #$"%$ $ #$*%# &%# " $ # $ (% " $ #%" $ %""$ %#" &% " # "$" (% ## $ %#" "$" &% $ !% $ $"( %$ &% $"( %$ &% "# "# "$" &% " ( $# $ %"( #$ (%" #$"%$# " " "$ 18 SDĆ24 User Manual Adjusting Parameters Loop Gain $ ! $ # ! " ! # # # ! $ ! ! # ! ! $ "! ! ! " ! $ " ! # ! # "! ! ! " # # # "! # " ! "! ! ! " # # " " ! # $ ! Unity Loop Gain Insufficient Loop Gain Excessive Loop Gain Figure 6:ăDisplayed Trace with Three Loop Gain Settings SDĆ24 User Manual 19 Adjusting Parameters Adjusting Loop Gain #% ' %& " %& ,#( " (&' ##$ " ('#!' , #% !"( , %#! ' "" (%, !"( ,#( $%% '# (&' ##$ " !"( , ' %& " %& &# $%#) )-,-'*# '(% & '(% & $( ,#( % (&" ' %'#% &" #% &" "%'#% #('$(' '# (&' ##$ " #( " &# (& ' )-,-'*# '(% ,#( % (&" ' '%% #('$(' # ' "&'%(!"' '# '%% " +'%" "%'#% #( !' #"&% (&'" ' ##$ " *")% ,#( % &!$ " '% '' & $-'#-$ )# '& " '%"&'#"-&$ %'%&'& '' % &(&'"' , %"' %#! ' $%)#(& '% " '& & ,#( " (& ' '( &" '' ,#( *"' '# !&(% " '(%" # )'#%" &# '' ,#( " & &!$ ")( , #% "&'%('#"& '# (&' ' ##$ " & ' "" (%, &'#" " ,#(% "&'%(!"'& - #"'"& "#")# ' !!#%, '' &'#%& '*# ) (& #% ' ##$ " (&'!"' ' '#%, ( ' ) ( " ' (&% ) ( & *% &(&& ' ' """ # '& &'#" 20 SDĆ24 User Manual Adjusting Parameters Offset Null " ) ,- (.&& $.,-'(- +')/, .(0(- ) ,- -"- '2 *+,(#( -" ,'*&#(! " "#, $.,-'(- -#/&2 43+), -" ,'*&#(! " ,) -"- '*&#-. #(*.- ,#!(& &#/+, ).-*.- ) ,- (.&& #, ()- $.,- )++-&2 ',.+'(-, -%( - -" '#( +' 0#&& #()++- " ,)&.- /)&-! /&., )+ (2 .+,)+, #,*&2 )( -" -+ 0#&& &,) #()++- Adjusting Offset Null ). ( $.,- ) ,- (.&& .-)'-#&&2 )+ '(.&&2 +)' -" ("( .+2 '(. 2). *+ + -) $.,- ) ,- (.&& '(.&&2 ,.+ -) $.,-" &))* !#( #+,- ). ( $.,- ) ,- (.&& 2 -+'#(-#(! -" "((& #(*.- )((-)+ 0#-" W -+'#(-)+ ( $.,-#(! -" ) ,- (.&& 0#-" -" %() ,) -"- -" #,*&2 4-+ #, ,- -) -" *),#-#)( )( -" ,+( 2). $.,- ) ,- (.&& '(.&&2 -" ) ,- (.&& ,--#(! #, /&# )(&2 )+ -" .++(- ,--#(! ) -" ,'))-"#(! *+'-+ )( )+ ) )+ 1'*& # ,'))-"#(! #, ,- -) ) ( 2). $.,- ) ,- (.&& '(.&&2 ( 2). -"( -.+( ,'))-"#(! )( -" ) ,- (.&& /&. '2 ()- /&# )0/+ -" 5 +''+, -" ) ,- (.&& /&., )+ 0"( ,'))-"#(! #, )( ( ) ,) # 2). "(! -" ,'))-"#(! ,--#(! -" )++- ) ,- (.&& /&. #, **&# )- -"- -" 5 ,-)+, ).+ ) ,- (.&& /&., -" -0) -)+2 .&/&., )+ 0"( ,'))-"#(! #, )( ( ,'))-"#(! #, ) ( -" -0) .,+ )(,-(-, )+ 0"( ,'))-"#(! #, )( ( ,'))-"#(! #, ) 2). $.,- ) ,- (.&& .-)'-#&&2 .,#(! -" ("( .+2 '(. -" +#, ( +#, #(,-+.'(-, $.,- )-" ) ,- (.&& /&., ,'))-"#(! )( ( ,'))-"#(! ) SDĆ24 User Manual 21 Adjusting Parameters TDR Amplitude * $ %# $%! #% # %% $ &$ (% % "&$% % % ) & !# # $&#%$ & &$% % !* %& % $%! $%! !%& $%% $ ) $% $$%' % %!#* %&# '#% $ & $ & % % &$% %$ !#%# '#) % & &$% % !%& &% %) # &) &$ % &#) & & &$% % $%! # %' # ! $%' ! #%) % % &%!&% %#% ) W % !%& $ &$% # % ! $%' # %' #!%% #% % $%! $ $% ) % # ) & &$% % $%! &% %) &$ % &#) & % $%#&% &$%$ % !%& # % % ! $%'* %'* $%!$ * %$ ' % #) %% $% #$ %( '&$ % % #) &% '& % &$# '& # % !%& &$%% % # #%#$ ## %$ $% # # #% 22 SDĆ24 User Manual Taking TDR Measurements "#, ,-#(' ,+#, "(0 -( ., -" 2 -( )+ (+& -#& (&#' + %-(&-+1 &,.+&'-, TDR Step Generation (-" "''%, #' -" 2 &)%#'! "/ ,-) !'+-(+ 0"#" !#/, (-" "''%, &,.+&'- )#%#-#, (. ' ., -" (.-).-, ( (-" !'+-(+, -( )+ (+& # +'-#% ' (&&(' &( &,.+&'-, " ,-) !'+-(+ #+.#-+1 (',#,-, .'&'-%%1 ( ' $.,-% .++',(.+ ' #( ,0#-" '#-#%%1 (+ -" ,-) -" #( ,0#-" #, #, -( ('.- .++'- -( -" (.-).- "' -" #( ,0#-" ()', -" ,-) (.+, #!.+ ,#&)%# # #!+& ,"(0, -" ,0#-" ' -" .+2 +'- ,(.+ *.#,#-#(' (#' W & Figure 7:ăStep Generator Simplified Schematic Diagram ., ( -" +"#--.+ ( -" ,-) !'+-(+ -" (.-).- /(%-! ( -" ,-) )', (' -" +,#,-' -( !+(.' ( -" /# .'+ -,- " (%%(0#'! ,-#(', ,+# -" ()+-#(' 0#-" ,"(+- #+.#- ' ()' #+.#- ' W %(. SDĆ24 User Manual 23 Taking TDR Measurements Operation Into a Short Circuit !'+ ' " &*' & "!('! ! ' &'# !%'"% "('#(' & !'+ &"%' ' %&&'! '" %"(! & W ! ' "('#(' )"' & ! ' " &*' "#!& %)%&,& ##%!' %&&'! '" %"(! ' ' $(&'"! #"!' ! ' ' !! "!!'"% & W (& ' !'%! '% !'"! %&&'! & W ! ' "!!'"% #! & W. )"' ' ' $(&'"! #"!' %&& '" '%!&'"! #%"#'& '" ' &"%' ! ' ) (!% '&' ! & !, ')+ %' '" ' $(&'"! #"!' !! ' '%!&'"! ' &#+ %" ' %&' '%!&'"! '" ' &"! '%!&'"! & ' #%"#, '"! ' %" ' $(&'"! #"!' '" ' &"%' ! ' ) (!% '&' ! (% 250 mV 0V Figure 8:ăStep Generator with a Shorted Output Operation Into a 50 W Load !'+ ' " &*' & "!('! ! ' &'# !%'"% "('#(' & "!!' '" W " ' %&&'! '" %"(! ' ' $(&'"! #"!' & W (& " ' !'%! W #! (%%!' &"(% #& ' ' $(&'"! #"!' 0V -250 mV Figure 9:ăStep Generation with a 50 W Load ! ' " &*' "#!& %)%&,& ' %'(%! #' '" %"(! & %"! ! ' $(&'"! #"!' %&& '" ' #! "*& ' $(&'"! #"!' '" % ! ' (% 24 SDĆ24 User Manual Taking TDR Measurements Operation Into an Open Circuit &","$$0 ,! "' +/",! "+ '&-,"& "& ,! +,( &*,'* '-,(-, "+ '(& ,! *+"+,& ,' *'-& , ,! )-"+","'& ('"&, "+ W -+ ' ,! "&,*&$ W "%(& ! % -**&, +'-* ($+ % , ,! )-"+","'& ('"&, + +,*,"& '&","'& 0V -250 mV -500 mV Figure 10:ăStep Generation with an Open Circuit !& ,! "' +/",! '(&+ *.*+1"+ ((*&, *+"+,& ,' *'-& , ,! )-"+","'& ('"&, & , ,! !&&$ '&&,'* "+ W -+ ,! "&,*&$ "*-", "%(& "+ W & ,! '&&,'* "%(1 & "+ W. !"+ -++ ,! )-"+","'& ('"&, ,' *"+ ,' % ! ,*&+","'& (*'( ,+ ,' ,! '(& "& ,! ." -&* ,+, & "+ *$, # ,' ,! )-"+","'& ('"&, -+"& ,! .'$, , ,! )-"+","'& ('"&, ,' *"+ ,' , ,! )-"+","'& ('"&, ,! ,"% "+($0 *'% ,! "*+, +,( ,' ,! +'& +,( "+ ,! (*'( ,"'& ,"% *'% ,! )-"+","'& ('"&, ,' ,! '(& "& ,! ." -&* ,+, & # " -* Baseline Correction +$"& '**,"'& "+ ,-* ' ,! *"+ & *"+ !"+ ,-* !'$+ ,! "+($0 +$"& ' ,* "& '& $',"'& +(", .*"1 ,"'&+ ' ,! '+, "& ,! +%($"& ! !+ '+, .*","'&+ * -+ 0 !& + "& "%(& , ,! ." -&* ,+, +$"& '**,"'& "+ +("$$0 -+-$ /",! %+-*%&,+ ",!1 '-, +$"& '**,"'& !& + "& ,! *+"+,& ,' *'-& '* ,! $ '* ." -&* ,+, /'-$ -+ ,! &,"* +,( ,' %'. .*,"$$0 '& ,! "+($0 +$"& '**,"'& #(+ ,! +$"& "& '& $',"'& .*,"$$0 '* ,! *"+ & *"+ 0'- & &$ +$"& '**,"'& *'% ,! *,"-$+ ('(1-( %&- '* %'* "&'*%,"'& '& +$"& '**,"'& + ,! '* 0'-* "&+,*-%&, SDĆ24 User Manual 25 Taking TDR Measurements Example: Taking TDR Measurements $%- !2(+'! !(*)-.,.!- .$! "!./,! *" .$! 5 -(+'%)# $! - %- (!.$* *" !2(%)%)# ) (!-/,%)# )!.1*,& *, .,)-(%--%*) '%)! 3 -!) %)# -.!+ %).* .$! )!.1*,& ) (*)%.*,%)# .$! ,!"'!.%*)- *, .$%- !2(+'! 3*/ 1%'' )!! %)-.,/(!). (%)",(! 1%.$ . '!-. *)! 5 %)-.''! '-* 3*/ 1%'' )!! *)! '! +,!"!,'3 *" )'!)#.$ ăStep 1:ă)%.%'%4! .$! %)-.,/(!). +,!-- ) .*/$ Initialize ăStep 2:ă*))!. 3*/, 1,%-. -.,+ .* .$! ).%-..% *))!.*, *) .$! ",*). *" 3*/, %)-.,/(!). ăStep 3:ă ..$ *)! !) *" .$! '! .* )3 5 -(+'%)# $! %)+/. !0! .$! *.$!, !) /)..$! !! %#/,! 11801B CSA 803A Not Connected Not Connected Figure 11:ăConnections for Example ăStep 4:ă,!-- .$! /..*) *) .$! -(+'%)# $! %)+/. $))!' .* 1$%$ 3*/ $0! *))!.! .$! '! ăStep 5:ă,!-- .$! /..*) ) .*/$ .$! Sampling Head Fnc's -!'!.*, ăStep 6:ă*/$ TDR Preset .* ./,) %. *) -!. Trigger .* Internal Clock ) /.*-!. .$! .,! */$ Exit .* ,!(*0! .$! +*+5/+ (!)/ $! -(+'%)# $! 1%'' ./,) *) ,! '%#$. )!2. .* .$! $))!' %)+/. *))!5 .*, %) %.%)# .$. %- .%0.! "*, .$. $))!' ) ! /-! *) !$ $))!' %) !+!) !).'3 26 SDĆ24 User Manual Taking TDR Measurements ăStep 7:ă # $ " " ! $ " # NOTE Figure 12:ăTDR Step and Reflection ! SDĆ24 User Manual 27 Taking TDR Measurements Changing Graticule Units for TDR %$# #%" ) %# " %$# " r #%" $ &"$ (# $ #%" $ "* $ (# % $ #%"$# ) %# $ Graticules #$ " $ &+ " " % Figure 13:ăThe Graticules PopĆUp Menu ăStep 8:ă % Graticules $ & " " % Feet " Meters $ ! !+%! % ) % ' $$ $ !" !$ & $) ) %" "# " $ %$ $ % $ Propagation Velocity #$ " %#$ $# !"$" ) % $ ' $ & $) " " %# $" ( # !$ $ %$ # %$## %" "!"#$# $ "$ $ #! $ $ ' ## !## $" % ) %" $' " " $"### 28 SDĆ24 User Manual Taking TDR Measurements Example: Differential and Common Mode TDR %" 7 *-)&+$ "! &/ )" 0, -".#,.* !&##"."+0&) +! ,**,+ *,!" *"/1."*"+0/ / !"/ .&"! ".)&". 0%" /*-)&+$ %"! %/ 03, /*-)&+$ &+-10 %++")/ +! 03, &+!"-"+!"+0 /0"- $"+".0,./ %" /0"- $"+".0,. ,10-10 #,. " % %++") &/ /")" 0)" #,. -,/&0&2" ,. +"$0&2" -,).&05 +! *-)&01!" %&/ "4*-)" 3&)) /%,3 5,1 %,3 0, 1/" 0%" 03, %++")/ +! /0"- $"+".0,./ ,# 0%" 7 0, -".#,.* !&##"."+0&) +! ,**,+ *,!" *"/1."*"+0/ ,. 0%&/ "4*-)" 5,1 +""! + &+/0.1*"+0 3&0% 0 )"/0 ,+" 7 &+/0))"! &+ 0%" )"#07*,/0 /),0 ,1 )/, +""! 03, )"/ -."#".)5 ,# +/ )"+$0% ăStep 1:ă+&0&)&6" 0%" &+/0.1*"+0 -."// +! 0,1 % Initialize ăStep 2:ă,++" 0 5,1. 3.&/0 /0.- 0, 0%" +0&/00& ,# 5,1. &+/0.1*"+0 ,++" 0,. ,+ 0%" #.,+0 ăStep 3:ă00 % ,+" "+! ,# " % )" 0, 0%" 1--". +! ),3". %++") ,++" 0,./ ,+ 0%" /*" /*-)&+$ %"! ăStep 4:ă."// 0%" 100,+ #,. 0%" 1--". %++") ,+ 0%" /*-)&+$ %"! ăStep 5:ă."// 0%" 100,+ +! 0,1 % 0%" Sampling Head Fnc's /")" 0,. ăStep 6:ă,1 % Diff TDR Preset 0, 01.+ ,0% / ,+ /"0 Trigger 0, Internal Clock +! 10,/"0 0%" 1--". %++") %" !&/-)5 /%,1)! " /&*&). 0, &$1." ăStep 7:ă,1 % 0%" Sampling Head Fnc's /")" 0,. $&+ %" ),3". %++") ,+ " % /*-)&+$ %"! %/ + &+0".+) !")5 !'1/0*"+0 %&/ )"0/ 5,1 /"0 0%" 0&*" 0 3%& % 0%" /0"- $"+".0,. #,. 0%" ),3". %++") //".0/ 0%" /0"- ,1 % 0%" TDR Head n Delay /")" 0,. %"+ 0,1 % Exit 0, ."*,2" 0%" -,-71- *"+1 ăStep 8:ă1.+ "&0%". (+, ,+ 0%" *&+#.*" 0, !'1/0 0%" !")5 #,. %++") %&/ 2.&"/ 0%" 0&*" 3%"+ %++") //".0/ 0%" /0"- ,0& " 0%0 0%" /" ,+! "!$" *,2"/ %,.&6,+0))5 .")0&2" 0, 0%" #&./0 "!$" ăStep 9:ă."// 0%" 100,+ + 0%" !&/-)5 0,1 % Sampling Head Fnc's ,1 % 2 +! 0%" TDR Polarity /")" 0,. %&/ 1/"/ %++") 0, //".0 -,/&0&2" /0"- ,1 % Exit ,0& " 0%0 0%" 1--". %++") &/ //".0&+$ -,/&0&2" /0"- %&/ &/ ,*7 *,+ *,!" %"+ 0%" /0"-/ ,+ 0%" 03, %++")/ ." 0%" /*" -,).&05 ,0% -,/&7 0&2" ,. +"$0&2" 5,1 + !"#&+" 0. " 0%0 ."-."/"+0/ 0%" 0.1" ,**,+ *,!" /&$+) 5 0,1 %&+$ 0%" DefTra & ,+ +! 0,1 %&+$ Mainframe 1 + Mainframe 2 Enter SDĆ24 User Manual 29 Taking TDR Measurements " ! ! # " $ # DefTra Mainframe 1 - Mainframe 2 Enter TDT Measurements " ! $ $ ! ! # " ! 30 SDĆ24 User Manual Taking TDR Measurements More About TDR Measurements ! "! ! & !! !! ! !$ ! # ! ! ! ! ! " "% ! ! ! ! ! # " ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! # " ! ! " ! ! ! % ! !! ! ! % !$ ! ! " ! ! ! % !$ ! ! $ " "! %" % $! ! # "% " ! ! ! # !" %" # % ! ! ! ! ! ! $$ ! $$ ! ! $ !" ! ! $$ ! " ! #! ! $ ! ! ! ! ! ! ! # ! ! ! ! ! %" !"! ! "! $$ Propagation Delay (Incident) Propagation Delay (Reflected) Figure 14:ăTDR Propagation Delay SDĆ24 User Manual 31 Taking TDR Measurements 32 SDĆ24 User Manual Specifications TableĂ1:ăAcquisition Electrical Specifications Characteristics Specifications ,"4'"1& 7 16.'!* +.*',% #.#1'1'-, 1# 5'+2+ )7 ','+2+ 7 '0# '+# .0 -/ *#00 1- #//1'-,0 ,0 1- .0 #$-/# 01#. " -/ *#00 16.'!* t .0 $1#/ 01#. -/ *#00 16.'!* .0 1- ,0 $1#/ 01#. -/ *#00 16.'!* ,0 1- ,0 " -/ *#00 16.'!* #*0#4&#/# " -/ *#00 16.'!* 5'+2+ $# ,.21 '%,* -*1%# 5'+2+ '%,* -*1%# " .9. -1 /,0'#,1 #0.-,0# !!2/!6 $1#/ !*' /1'-, 1 -.#/1',% 1#+.#/12/# " $-/ 0'%,*0 2. 1- .9. "(201+#,1 ,%# "(201 *# 1- 2,'16 $-/ 0'%,*0 2. 1 .9. '0.*6#" -'0# ,'16 -1 #0.-,0# ," -3# 8 + +5 m 16.'!* ," #*-4 8 + 16.'!* '1& +--1&',% ," -3# 8 m +5 m 16.'!* ," #*-4 8 m 16.'!* ,.21 #/+',1'-, +.#",!# SDĆ24 User Manual " W 33 Specifications TableĂ1:ăAcquisition Electrical Specifications (Cont.) Characteristics Specifications 0,)1&,+ "14""+ %++")0 v -8- 3,)1$" 1/+0*&00&,+ #/,* %++") !/&3"+ 4&1% 1, .2&"0 "+1 %++") &*" ,&+ &!"+ " "14""+ %++")0 2/ 6 -0 1&)&16 -0_ TableĂ2:ăStep Generator Electrical Specifications Characteristics Specifications 5&*2* "-"1&1&,+ 1" (7 21-21 *-)&12!" " * %++") ")6 !'201*"+1 " -0 16-& ) /")1&3" 1, %++") +0"/1&,+ ")6 1&)&16 +" %++") " -0_ "14""+ %++")0 " -0_ TableĂ3:ăTDR Electrical Specifications Characteristics Specifications &0-)6"! &0" &*" 34 + &!"+1 -0 16-& ) 1, 1 * ,/ * ,21-21 "#)" 1"! -0 ,/ )"00 1, 1 * ,/ * ,21-21 5&*2* "-"1&1&,+ 1" (7 + &!"+1 "//1&,+0 1 * ,/ * +0 1, -0 "#,/" 01"- " ,/ )"00 -0 #1"/ 01"- ,/ )"00 16-& ) -0 1, +0 #1"/ 01"- " ,/ )"00 +0 1, +0 " ,/ )"00 ")0"4%"/" " ,/ )"00 SDĆ24 User Manual Specifications TableĂ4:ăEnvironmental and Mechanical Specifications Characteristics Specifications %*.,-7 ,5&16 3; *.,-7 11 .2 %.)7- 11 .2 *47- 11 .2 1'.*27 #*14*5&785* 4*5&7.2, _ 73 _ _ 73 _ 32 34*5&7.2, _ 73 _ _ 73 _ 07.78)* 4*5&7.2, 73 /1 +**7 32 34*5&7.2, 73 /1 +**7 81.).7: 73 5*0&7.9* -81.).7: &7 84 73 _ _ .0"4*( **76 # #:4* 0&66 0*(7531&,2*7.( 314&7.'.0.7: $2.7*) "7&7*6 SDĆ24 User Manual "# 7 859* " 7 " 7 " 7 ! 7 !" 7 !" 7 !" 7 0.1.7*) 73 ; 35 Specifications 36 SDĆ24 User Manual Glossary Autoset ! $ ! Baseline Correction $ ! ! " $ ! " Channel " # Channel Number & "$ $ & Common Mode " " Default Measurement Parameter ! ! ! & Differential Mode " ! Incident Step Initialize $ " Internal Clock $% " Reflected Step & Rho (r) ! SDĆ24 User Manual 37 Glossary Setting Smoothing Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) ! Time Domain Transmission (TDT) ! Trigger Waveform 38 SDĆ24 User Manual Index A F S #'%&! $'&$* $% & &!$* '&% " "$&$% !!" !%& ' "&' &$ ! % B % !$$&! I "'& (!& )' '&&! !!& &" $&!$ $'&$* ! &$! !"$&! &!$ "$&$ ('% C !! ! %'$ &% ! $! & " '&&! % ! &!$% &% &!$% ! %& &% &!$* '&% %$ ! %& &% L !!" '%& %$ O D * %&" $&!$ $ & %'$ &% %& ' '%& %$ ! &$! * $ & !! ! %'$ &% "'% & "!$&* & %'$ &% "'% "&' '%& %$ R E $ " &$!+%&& %$ "$'&! % ! ' &% %& '$* ' T !& ! % U %$ ! %& &% % & #'%&! V $ * SDĆ24 User Manual 39 40