Download COSEPRE - Costs of urban cleaning services : user`s manual
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Public Disclosure Authorized COSEPRE WORKING SERIES Costs of urban cleaning services USER'S MANUAL Version 1.0 - Windows 98 22022 February2001 7. |~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(~ CoX-lpactru WrH r rge Public Disclosure Authorized 10 ~~~~~~~~~~PAPER Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized PAHO/CEPIS/PUB/01.49 Original: Spanish 0 6O-~0 Tmnle (Iloujj .1 20 2~~~~~~\J 63~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I The World Bank Urban Development Infrastructure Group Pan American Center for Sanitary Engineering and Environmental Sciences Division of Health and Environment Pan American HealthOrganization World Health Organization 2001 The World Bank is committedto knowledgesharingwhich involvesnot only the Bank'scommunitiesof practiceand their partnersbut the entire development community.A processof knowledgemanagementis essentialto makesense out of and act uponthe vast quantitiesof informationavailabletoday.Still in the early stages of implementation,knowledgemanagementis expectedto changethe internaloperationof the World Bank and transformthe organization's relationshipswith externalclients,partnersand stakeholders,becominga key way of doing businessin the 21stCentury. Giventhe speedof global changeand the value of learningfrom ongoing activities,the UrbanDevelopmentDivisionof the World Bank is committedto communicatingthe resultsof the Bank'surbanwork to the development communityas quicklyand clearlyas possible.Towardthat end, this informalor 'gray paper'seriesis publishedin print,with abstractsfurnishedon-lineat www.worldbank.org. The Urbanand LocalGovernmentWorkingPapersseries presentscurrent research,policiesand tools underdevelopmentby the Bankon a broadrangeof developmentissuesand practicesin the urbandevelopmentand local governancefield. These papersreflectwork-in-progress,and some mayappear in their final form at a later date as publicationsunderthe Bank'sofficialTechnical Paperseries. The Urbanand LocalGovernmentWorkingPapersseries is geared to a technicalaudienceand is intendedto aid the work and improvethe resultsof both Bank and non-Banktechniciansand practitionersworking in this field. Urban Development Infrastructure Group Private Sector and Infrastructure Network The World Bank PAHO/CEPIS/PUB/01.49 Original:Spanish WORKING PAPER SERIES COSEPRE Costs of urban cleaning services USER'S MANUAL Version 1.0 - Windows 98 TheWorldBank UrbanDevelopment InfrastructureGroup PanAmericanCenterfor SanitaryEngineering andEnvironmentalSciences Divisionof HealthandEnvironment PanAmericanHealthOrganization World HealthOrganization Copyright© 2001 The InternationalBank for Reconstruction and Development/THEWORLDBANK 1818H Street,N.W. Washington,D.C. 20433,U.S.A. All rights reserved First printingJanuary2001 Urbanand Local GovernmentWorking Papersare publishedto communicatethe resultsof the Bank'swork to the developmentcommunitywith the least possibledelay.The typescriptof this paper thereforehas not been preparedin accordancewith the proceduresappropriateto formal printed texts, and the World Bank acceptsno responsibilityfor errors.Some sourcescited in this paper may be informaldocumentsthat are not readilyavailable. The findings, interpretations,and conclusionsexpressedin this paper are entirelythose of the author(s)and should not be attributedin any mannerto the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations,or to membersof its Board of ExecutiveDirectorsor the countriesthey represent. The World Bankdoes not guaranteethe accuracyof the data includedin this publicationand accepts no responsibilityfor any consequenceof their use.The boundaries,colors, denominations,and other informationshownon any map in this volume do not imply on the part of the World BankGroupanyjudgmenton the legalstatus of anyterritoryor the endorsementor acceptanceof such boundaries. The material in this publicationis copyrighted.Requestfor permissionto reproduceportionsof it should be sent to the UrbanDevelopmentDivisionat the addressin the copyrightnotice above. The World Bank encouragesdisseminationof its work and will normallygive permission promptlyand, when reproductionis for non-commercialpurposes,without asking a fee. COSEPRE AVAILABILITY The COSEPRE manuals and software are available in printed version and diskettes at the following address: The World Bank Urban Development MSN F4P-401 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C., 20433 U.S.A. The electronic version may be accessed on the following URL routes: The World Bank: http://www.worldbank.orc/urban/publicatfcosepre.html CEPIS: ftp:/Iftp.cepis.org.pe/publcosepre COSEPRE - COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE............................................................... v 1. INSTALLINGTHE COSEPRE SOFTWARE......................................................... 1.1 Required hardware ............................................................... 1.2 Required software ............................................................... 1.3 Getting installed ............................................................... 1 1 1 1 2. STARTINGCOSEPRE............................................................... 2.1 COSEPRE buttons .................... ........................................... 2.2 Getting help in COSEPRE ......................................... ...................... 2 3 4 3. FILE 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 ............................................................... New ............................................................... Open ............................................................... Export to ............................................................... Currency................................................................ Volume unit ............................................................... Costing method ............................................................... Services................................................................ Exit . ............................................................... Calculator............................................................... 4. DATA............................................................... 4.1 General data ............................................................... 9 9 5. TABLES ............................................................... 5.1 Uniform and safety equipment ............................................................... 5.2 Personnel............................................................... 5.3 Equipment.13 5.4 Tools .14 5.5 Facilities .14 5.6 Fuel .15 5.7 Lubricant .16 10 11 12 6. SELECTEDSERVICES ............................................................... 6.1 Personnel ............................................................... 6.2 Equipment............................................................... 6.3 Tools ............................................................... 17 18 19 21 U COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL 6.4 Facilities............................................................... 6.5 Otherexpenses............................................................... 21 22 7. ADMINISTRATIVE ANDFINANCIALCOSTS................................... .................. 23 8. RESULTS ............................................................... 8.1 Annualcost perservice............................................................... 8.2 Overallannualcost .................... ........................................... 8.3 Unitcost perservice...................... ......................................... 23 24 24 25 9. ADDITIONALTOOLS............................................................... 9.1 Modificationof terminology.............................................. ................. 9.2 Wasteprediction.................. .............................................. 9.3 Cashflow............................................................... 9.4 Graphs ... 9.4.1 Data entry . . .29 9.4.1.1 Largevehicles.30 Generaldata.30 Operationcostsof the transferequipment.31 Investmentcostsof the transferstation.31 Operationcostsof the transferstation.32 Smallvehicles.32 9.4.2 Graphgeneration . . .32 25 25 26 28 29 10. HELP- F1 ....................................................................................................... 33 COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL PREFACE Managing the ever increasing volume of domestic, industrial, and commercial wastes is one of the greatest challenges that modern society has to face. In developing countries, the situation is even worse due to lack of grants for research targeted at solutions according to local realities. Moreover, models from countries with different conditions are brought into play by public cleaning designers and cleaning utilities often manage their limited financial means inadequately, without control, or insufficient knowledge of the resources that are being handled. All the above negatively affect the provision of urban cleaning services. To help overcome these deficiencies, it is necessary to know the costs of each public cleaning service to identify those that are demanding more resources. In that way, a corrective policy to reduce costs while improving the quality of the services may be set up. The COSEPRE program (costs of urban cleaning services, for its acronym in Spanish) allows the simulation of scenarios and facilitates the easy calculation of the annual and unit costs per service, based on information provided by the user. Besides the traditional services of manual and mechanical sweeping, collection, transfer and transportation, and final disposal, this new version analyzes the following services: * * * * a cleaning of beaches, streets, and plazas maintenance of parks and gardens collection of containers and green waste treatment system: incineration, composting, and recycling any additional service defined by the user. In addition to determine the costs of each service, the program examines the need for implementing a transfer station based on unit cost analyses and presents a cash flow for the installation of a sanitary landfill, estimating its useful life. To complement this User's manual, the COSEPRE Technical documentation explains the technical issues that support the development of the software. U COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL This versionfor Windows98 hasincorporatedusefulfeedbackcomments.We encourage andwelcomeany suggestionthat mayhelpimprovethe COSEPREsoftware ([email protected]). EngineerLeandroSandoval,PAHO/CEPISUrbanSolidWasteAdviser,was responsiblefor the developmentof the programand hadthe valuablecontributionof Eng.Alvaro Cantanhede,PAHO/CEPISSolidWasteAdviserand Eng. FranciscoZepeda,excoordinatorof the HES/PAHOProgram.CEPIScomputersupportwas providedby engineersLuisCoboand CarmenAlvinowho collaboratedin the programming.The validationof the programwas in chargeof Eng. MarthaGutierrez. COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- 1. USER'S MANUAL INSTALLING THECOSEPRESOFTWARE Thefollowingrequirementsare necessaryto installthe version1.0for Windows98 ofthe COSEPREsoftware. 1.1 Requiredhardware * * * * * * CompatibleIBM PC,486 DX4or higherprocessor 16MB of availableRAMmemory 15 MB of free space minimum(besidesthe spacerequiredfor Windows95 at least) Floppydisk drive VGA,800x600resolutionmonitor Mouse. 1.2 Requiredsoftware Windows95 or a higherversion Fivediskettescontainingthe COSEPREsoftware. The usershouldenterthe data requiredby the softwareto makethe cost analyses, otherwiseincoherentresultsmaybe obtained. 1.3 Gettinginstalled Followtheseinstructions: * Insertdiskette1 in driveA * ClickStartfrom the taskbarand select Execute * If A:lSetup.exeappears,click Acceptto start the installation * If A:lSetup.exedoesnot appear,click Examine,searchdriveA and select Setup.exeto start the installation * Insertdiskette2 in driveA andfollowthe installationmessage * Insertdiskettes3, 4 and 5 untilthe messageCOSEPREsetup wascompleted successfully appears. . 1 i Setup EupvtRca~sd pucc dupaiS *--s0k U COSEPRE 2. - COSTS OF URBAN CLEANING SERVICES - USER'S MANUAL STARTINGCOSEPRE When COSEPREis installed,an icon in Programsis createdautomatically.Everytime you want to start the COSEPREsoftware,click the Startbutton in the taskbarat the bottomof your screen,pointto Programs,andthen double-clickthe COSEPREicon.The followingscreenwill appear: 71,17!M Ceic ~~~~~~~~~~~i gXao,W ;.. L.ino},.eokbp4 -- -,}1. Then, the presentation screen appears with the options File and Help Fl. -. U - - . . FEeKSp 9*F13> RR RrN00| A J.fl>,';S}:X:.li; d}[0X J}}5, i ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~, x COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- 2.1 USER'S MANUAL COSEPREbuttons Thedifferentscreensof COSEPREhavethe followingbuttons: Add: click Addto savedata enteredintoa table. Save:click the buttonSaveto recordnew informationtypedin anytext box. Edit:click the text boxto be modified,type the correction,and then click the button Edit. Delete:click the text box to be deleted,then click the buttonDelete. Clear:click the text box to be cleared,then click the button Clear.All text boxes will be cleared,exceptthe Codebox.Oncedata havebeencleared,enterthe modificationsand then click the button Edit. Print:click any of the two options: - Yes:to print a format with data *No:to print a formatwithoutdata. Thefollowingscreenappears: Click(YES)to printa format withdata Click(NO)to printa format without date PressCancel to exit C ] No | Cancel Onceyou haveselectedYesor No,a screento selectthe printerappears. Selectthe printer,the numberof copiesto be printed,andthen click Accept. Exit: click Exit to quit fromthe screenyou havebeenworkingon. H COSEPRE 2.2 - COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Getting help in COSEPRE To get help on how to input especific data, point with the mouse to the box you want further explanation and then press Fl. 3. FILE The option File enables you to create new files, to open existing files, and to close the COSEPRE software. -Fi Y, Weip-. 1, -ifIa .-e~ .i . 3.1Newi.'.fi,s When~~0 th opio E ffi.;- X u<a T1,~AF- NCMif,i. .'i, Ne is activated,-''eGfllowng0 scee When the~~~SenW opion Newis activated, the folwn ;'fl .'-' eSmdb1A jD}..'taa) 3.1 Newe ~ U ~ ~~~litsddlhsslckNwit aprs. scenapas s.i_BEf,f-im'etll--i' a a ~ I~~taBse(.mb ['t 4 h fir?t:zfoXnwfl COSEPRE - COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL In the box Filenametype the name of the new file and clickthe button Saveas type:.Be advisednot to modifythe boxSave as type;it should remainas shownin the screen. Oncethe first COSEPREfile has beencreated,underFileappearsan iconto opennew files and fourboxeswith the followinginformation: * the first box refersto the selectedvolumeunit (gallonor liter); * the secondbox indicatesit the nationalcurrency(NC)or the American dollar (US$)is beingused; * the third box indicatesthe selectedcostingmethod,i.e.,the linearmethod; * the fourthbox indicatesthe name of the file you are workingon. File Dt*a ResultsTablesAdditionaltools Window Help-F1 ~~~~~Lirnca, CaIcuIa~~~~~~or Salion 3.2 metho Open Enablesyouto open a file, to reviewit, or modifyit. Double-clickLookin, selectthe directory,and then the file you wantto open. Thecreationof the firstCOSEPREfile promptsthe followingoptionsunderFile: * Exportto * Currency * Volumeunit * Costingmethod * Services * Exit. U COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- 3.3 USER'S MANUAL Exportto Enablesyouto copy an activefile in other directoryor diskette.Throughthis option,other userscan usethe same data.This optionis similarto the Saveas optionin Windows. Save in: t- cosepre Limo G . f Volume1 (C:] Files Program [I t cosepre P on 'Omiscepl'(H:l Prog Casaon'OmisceplTData'(:]) i ;l Dataon'OmisceplTData'(J:] g Netvwork Neighborhood Lims avei -|ff;File name: I-0 . S.avas!ye: jase deDatos(".mdb) r 3.4 Openias ead-onIy p qi io Currency Point to File, click Currency, and select between the national currency or the American dollar. *,,.yY0X##W SS U~~~~ I '*d'tiXl,0;HiP I =WI t_ySyRi -'FI,00gY COSEPRE - 3.5 COSTS OF URBAN CLEANING SERVICES - USER'S MANUAL Volume unit Point to File, click Volume unit and select between liters o gallons. I S1 ..1: S1 .1 In*!S File Data ResultsTables:Additional tools WindowHelp'-Fl New i . Open Export to.. Currency NC e methodE:L Costing 2 Services~ Exit 3.6 Costing method Point to File, click Costing methodand select among the linear method, fixed percentage method, and the amortization fund method. The lineal method is given by default. ` COSEPRE- Costof urbancleaningservices File Data Results Taibles Additional tools Window.Help - Fl New ulato llo... j Open Exportto... Curnency Volumeunit . Costing method Iv Services Exit Linearmethod Fixed percentage method A lion fundmethod .. NC COSEPRE - COSTSOF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- 3.7 USER'S MANUAL Services Enablesyou to selectthe serviceto be analyzed. You may selectAll services,only one, or severalof them. Pointand click the serviceyou wantto work on. A checkmark will appearon the service selected. Once the service hasbeen selected,click Accept. The optionNone serviceis usedonly to clearin case of error. I a NM{aitll I WW~~~~~Mne 0 3.8 i a. I I Ii F;eer'lu swen Exit Enables you to close the COSEPRE software. isHlp n 'F i'rgl COSEPRE - 3.9 COSTS OF URBAN CLEANING SERVICES - USER'S MANUAL Calculator Once a service has been selected, the option Calculatorappears bellow the main menu. 0. 4.~~~~ 4. X DATA. DATA Once you have selected the services, click Data to input information. The following options will appear: lb COSEPRE- Costof urbancleaningseFviceg tools Window Help-Fl FileI Data Results Tables Additional i. Generaldata allon |_j Beachcleaning Collection Finaldisposal NC I Administrative andfinancialcosts General data The services selected * 4.1 Administrative and financial costs. General data The following boxes appear in this option: * Reference: type any comment regarding the file you are working on. A COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL * Date:type the date your are creatingthe file (mm/dd/yy). * Annualbank interest(%):typethe percentage.Inthe Peruviancase, for example, the averageannualinterestis 12%. * Exchangerate (US$):type the Americandollarexchangerateon the datethe programiscarriedout. This dataallowsthe automaticconversionof the dollar into the nationalcurrencyor vice versain the files. * Insurancepremium(annualpercentageforequipment):typethe annualamountthe cleaningutilityshouldpayfor insuranceagainstrobbery,fire, vandalism,among others; it representsa percentageof the investmentcost andshould be enteredas such. Populationto be served:typethe approximatenumberof personsto be servedby the publiccleaningutilityor by one of its components. Averageof personsperfamily:typethe averagenumberof personsperfamilyin the areaof study. Tosave data, click Save.Toquit to anotherscreen,click Exit. Once Generaldata hasbeen input,fill data in the option Tables. 5. TABLES Pointand click the optionyou wantto input information. E S. File Dt,XRslt * ________ x I~~~~~~~~~~~~l~rore * I. f Uior -. I WI iion Tools WindowHeF1t n sft qimnslo tX COSEPRE - COSTS OF URBAN CLEANING SERVICES - USER'S MANUAL The following options appear under Tables. * Uniform and safety equipment * Personnel * Equipment * Tools * Facilities * Fuel a Lubricant. 5.1 Uniform and safety equipment The list of uniform and safety equipment enables the user to select under the Personnel option what uses every worker. Codle _ ol Code Descripkn Descrhption ITrojsersJ Unit I ~1 ~~CODE IDESCRIPTION ~~~~~ 1001 1002 Frousets '. .' Boot ! IUNIT pair I I ULSEFUL LIFECOST ._ .. 1 80.00 unt Usefullife Iyears] Cost(NC) FG6000 Type JUNIFCRM dd3 l| , ERd Delete Cleat Print Eit Fill the following boxes. * Code: type a successive number to identify every garment. * Description: type the name of the garment. For example, trousers. * Unit: type if the garment is a unit or a pair. Example, a pair of shoes. * Useful life (years): type how many years the garment could last. It indicates how frequently the employer provides the uniform (twice a year or 0.5 year, annually or 1.0 year, depending on the garment or place). * Cost (NC): type the unit price of each garment in the currency specified by the user. U COSEPRE - COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL . Type: selectthe garmentas partof the uniform(UNI)or as part of the personal safetyequipment(SAF). 5.2 Personnel: Fill the followingboxes: . Code:type a successiveidentificationnumber. . Description:typethe denominationof the position. - tg t - Container collection -OD 001 002 D ESCRIPTION Collector Driver Add t ; ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~ E~~~~xit ClickAddto recorddata. In this screen,click Uniformto recordthe uniformandsafetyequipmentusedby every worker. The followingscreenwill appearwith the nameof the service,the code,and thejob position. COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL iDes toin . luniform 0 002 Trousers om ._... ..,4_, oBot , Unit unt pair 41~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1 EF7 t7DEdit Clickthe optionNewto selectfrom the tableeveryrelevantgarmentfor eachposition.The data in the table hasbeen inputunderthe Uniformandsafety equipmentoption. Any additionalgarmentshouldbe inputunderUniformand safetyequipment. 5.3 Equipment II weep. Fill data in the followingboxes: . .._____ _.__ _._ _______ ____.__.__.__ __IIPI 00 00 441 __ .eep. er truck id Eil Code:type a successivenumberfor eachequipment. Det Ei , _used.inthe _ service. : Description:typethe denomination,j of everyequipment . Sgn,celMechiaNcal svaip~igandcleaning Code e1001 ............. ..... ........ _...U COSEPRE- 5.4 COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Tools Input information as mentioned above. L~DOP WW~P!DEsa~-IPT; Q 001 5.5 r Bom Facilities Inputinformation asmentioned above. ~ ConerOoalcollection ''G¢} iS# 001 Km ;i,.. sl=m i.U.., . . ,i}l}}U}. i K .}.aiiii'i S Inpute ifrao ae U ~~~~~~~~~~~~~s§lS5e i}<-}G9 g. } EBnYnodcico COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- 5.6 USER'S MANUAL Fuel Fill data in the followingboxes: * Code:typea successivenumberto identifyeveryfuel. * Description:type the nameand octaneof the fuel. * Cost:typethe cost of the fuel pervolume unit(liter or gallon). Code ICost [NCyallon |Descfiption Add Print Ed1t E Toenterdata,click Add andthe followingscreenwill appear: ~~~~~~~~~~xj .[i Code Descip6cnI Ceost(N C.I __ - --- :''-:'D:-S j ____ ;4 EA<1 O_ iuckS.KIYIj .. ta Once data has been input,click Save. U COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL To edit, point and double-click the line to be modified, make the correction, and then click Save. |at~~~~~~~~~~~ S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I t' ON t . .. .... . . Anotherway to make modificationsis pointingto the lineto be modifiedand then click Edit.Todelete,followthe sameprocedureusingthe optionDelete. 5.7 Lubricant Followthe sameprocedureas in Fuel. If one equipmentdoesnot usefuel nor lubricant,enterdata in the followingway: U~~~~~42''§S[hnS * Code:entera successivenumber * Description:none * Cost:0.00 g In this way,"none"will appearin the printedformat.Otherwise,anydata enteredin the fuel tablewill appear. Once you have entered all data required in the option Tablesyou should input information in the optionData. COSEPRE - COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL 6. SELECTEDSERVICES Pointandclicktheserviceyouwanttoworkon.Thefollowingscreenwillappear: DataiW --..... Numbet of 1nitsper dayW Ntsbetofworkkng deyo petweek I --Avrgeo wkkhamrperaI 5TctW servloearea(M2)tobe jj'a 1266 IOthef expersoe Persorerel Ecq~pmer* ToolsI Factities Position Numb~er o periemet M Food oIkmrtnr,e (monthijr ND.dlbonus tamwai Bonus~ t{'.oatrteyI Other (artnual) (NCI Posh~n NwrterSetery (mondi~) Poiin ub, fot~ *- .- J 6eneti~s FoodallowranD t'o.monfth Ndu Edit Delete aear Print In the upperpart,the followingcommondata requiredfor all servicesappear: * Numberof shiftsper day:typethe number. * Numberof workingdaysperweek:typethe number. * Averageof workinghourspershift:typethe number. The fourthdatavariesaccordingto the serviceas follows: * Sweeping(manualor mechanic) * Totalaveragelengthof sweepingperday:typethe averagenumberof kilometers,includingall shifts. * Beachcleaning,washingof streetsand plazas,and maintenanceof parks andgardens * Area to be coveredby the service:typethe areaexpressedin in 2 . COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Collection(conventional,containersandweed) Averageof wastecollectedperday:type the quantityexpressedin ton! day; includeall shifts. Transferandtransportation Averageof wastereceivedper day(ton/day):typethe totalvolumeof waste receivedat the transferstationin a workingdayfor its latertransferto the sanitarylandfill,expressedin ton/day. Averageof roundtripsfromthe transferstationto the landfillpershift:type the averageof roundtripsmadeby everyvehicleduringa shift. In every shift there maybe two, three, or fourtrips. Distancefromthe transferstationto the sanitary landfill(km):type the numberof kilometers. Treatmentsystem(incineration,recyclingplant,composting) Averageof wastetreatedat the plant(ton/day):typethe average, expressedin ton/day. Finaldisposal Averageof wastereceivedperday (ton/day)at the sanitarylandfillin a workingday:typethe averageexpressedin ton/day. Additionalservice * Datamentionedabovearerequired. Oncethese data havebeeninput,fill the boxesof the middlepart of the screenreferredto personnel,equipment,tools,facilities,and otherexpenses. 6.1 Personnel Clickthe scroll arrow in the Positionboxto selectthe positionyou want to work on and enterthe followingdata: . Numberof personnel:type how manypersonsare workingin the positionthat is beinganalyzed. . Salary:type the basicmonthlyincomeof the laborer.The paymentmaybe daily, weekly,or twicea month.The quantityto be entered,however,should be the total receivedmonthly. COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Benefits(% of the salary):typethe percentageof the salarythat the companyor municipalityshould payto the laborerfor social security,housingfund, etc. Foodallowance:typethe monthlyfixed sumthe laborerreceivesfor food per workingday.Thisamountis givenaccordingto collectivebargainor as a social benefit. Numberof bonusesper year:typethe numberof bonusesperyear the laborer receiveson specialoccasions,such as nationalholidaysor Christmas.It may be establishedby law or by collectivebargain.If no bonusis granted, zero must be entered. Bonus(% of the salary):typethe percentageof the worker'ssalarythat represents the bonus. - Others(annual):typethe totalamountreceivedperyear for anyotherpayment, suchas overtime,promotion,or otherallocations. 6.2 Equipment Clickthe scroll arrow in the Equipmentbox to selectthe equipmentyou wantto work on and enterthe followingdata: * Numberof equipment:typethe quantityof equipmentusedin the specificservice. * Purchasecost:type the unitcost of everyequipment. * Salvagevalue (unit):typethe valueexpectedto beobtainedfrom the equipmentat the endof its useful life. * Averageof workinghourspershift:typethe averageof effectiveworkinghoursper shift,withoutconsideringidlehours. * Usefullife (years):typethe estimateddurationof the equipmentexpressedin years. * Fuel(gal/hror km/gal):type the numberof gallonsor liters usedin an houror kilometersper gallonor liter. * Typeof fuel: click the scroll arrowand selectthe type of fuel usedby the equipment. U COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL * Lubricant(gal/hror km/gal):typethe numberof gallonsor liters usedin an houror kilometerspergallonor liter. a Type of lubricant:click the scroll arrowand selectthe typeof lubricantused by the equipment. * Tires (numberof tires pervehicle,cost, and usefullife):typethe quantityof tires requiredby the specificequipment,the unitcost,and the estimatedduration expressedin years. * Battery(numberof batteriespervehicle,cost,and usefullife):typethe quantityof batteriesrequiredby the specificequipment,the unitcost, and the estimated durationexpressedin years. * Largebrooms(numberof large brooms,cost,and usefullife):typethe quantityof large-broomsrequired;the unitcost;and the estimateddurationexpressedin years.Largebroomsare only usedfor mechanicalsweeping. * Maintenance:typethe depreciationpercentageaccordingto the machinery. Includeboththe preventiveandcorrectivemaintenance. The followingscreenshowsthe data inputfor a collectiontruck. :jPeronnel fEquipmenToolW F6a6liies Otherexpenseso i eN j j i.fNCl tequi ofquipmen= t Pca SaoWagevaluetut];fR0 0 0 ;-0 . t0:S:y 0 oil ILubricant ANperqehie BatteFY N' pefvehrole: equrren Te ypeOf [depseciation) :J.Maintenance t500U ot S f'NCJ ',:3. -. U~0A , pA=0==R 1J005 0Ih00 Cotsit4[NCi 150000 t c No.o equipmentpuchs ________________000-.0 : 00-0-0 $ .i-LubricantfGal/I-Iur) l 9tio0 TFRd-u 0;90tDes ;0;FuelIGadl/Hour] j T.Lubicant Useful life(year) 15 shift0- etagaue Useflule(yerl useful ,i\ i 1 (year) Averat|working i 2A Jd ; _te__ -P Dele_ COSEPRE - 6.3 COSTS OF URBAN CLEANING SERVICES - USER'S MANUAL Tools Click the scroll arrow in the Tool box to select the tool you want to work on and enter the following data: Number of tools: type the quantity of tools used in the specific service. Purchase cost: type the unit cost of every tool. Useful life (years): type the estimated duration of the tool expressed in years. I Personnel| EquipmertTools |Facilties Otheepenses Type d tool - o Number niftools Purchase col [(NC) 104 Usefulifeoruais Type oflool Number oftborlslurchase coot I Usoeful fI peers]l Edit X Delete r Cleat Print 6.4 Facilities Click the scroll arrow in the Type of facility box to select the facility you want to work on and enter the following data: Investment cost: type the amount required to build the basic infrastructure for each service. Useful life (years): type the estimated duration of the infrastructure, expressed in years. Insurance premium (%): type the percentage of the investment cost representing the annual amount the cleaning utility should pay for insurance against robbery, fire, and vandalism, among others. _ EN~~~ COSEPRE- 6.5. COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Otherexpenses It shouldbe notedthat a servicemayhaveseveralfacilities,in whichcase,the totalsum of expensesmadein the variousfacilitiesshouldbe entered.Fill the followingdata: Utilities Electricity:typethe monthlyamountpaidfor the electricitybill. * Water:typethe monthlyamountpaidfor the water bill. * Telephone:typethe monthlyamountpaidfor the telephoneservice. * Facilityrent:type the monthlyamountpaidfor the rentalof the facility. * Watchmanservice:typethe monthlysalaryof the personnelthat guardthe facility. * Others:typethe monthlyamountpaidfor anyservicenot consideredabove. Variousitems * Officefurniture:typethe purchaseand maintenancecost of furnituresuchas shelves,desks,tables,etc. Officeequipment:typethe purchaseand maintenancecost of computers, telephones,air conditioning,etc.usedin administrativeoffices. Stationery:typethe cost of materialssuchas envelopes,pens,folders,etc. Computersupplies:typethe cost of computeritems(paper,ink, toner, diskettes, etc.) Cleaningitems:typethe cost of cleaningitems usedin the facility (brooms,mops, detergent,disinfectant,wax, etc.) . EU Others:enterany itemnotconsideredabove. COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- Pelsonel| Equipment I Toolsi Faciities ; Oti; USER'S MANUAL e UTILI lIES [NC/monthly) VARIOUS IT E M4S INCtmbnthlml Ebotnicity o00 tnffim Water 10.00 furitueJ Ollice equipmet looo Stationely loon Telephone 1 00 FaciltyrentFo 66 Corpttesupplies 1{00 Watchman service j1 1;0 no Cleaning items 1n000 00 Others ;0.00 Others Io 00 - - 5~~~~~~~Sve Print Onceyouhavesavedthe abovedata,enterinformationregardingthe administrativeand financialcosts. 7. ADMINISTRATIVE ANDFINANCIALCOSTS The administrativeand financialcosts is a defaultoptionand it alwaysappearswith any service.Datato be input is similarfor any service.Sincepersonnelin this area work halfa day on Saturdays,a fraction (5.5) is acceptedin numberof workingdaysper week. 8. RESULTS Oncedata has beeninput in eachservice,click Resultsto selectamongthree options: Annualcostsperservice Overallannualcost Unitcost per service. ERr 3 .. s . a _ 7- s = ;- i Ear" COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Thecalculationof the depreciationis madewith the costingmethodselectedin the File option. 8.1 Annualcost per service Clickthe scroll arrow and selectthe serviceyouwant to analyze.The table showsthe annualcostsof personnel,operationand maintenance,capital,andthe administrativeand financialcostsregardingthe selectedservice. T~pseric~e Beachcleaning eXg$+" ENeo~ 8.2 CurnsN ~ ~~~~~~~~~ PinIK W Overall annual cost This option shows a table with all services including the annual costs of personnel, operation and maintenance, capital, and administrative and financial costs. COSEPRE - 8.3 COSTS OF URBAN CLEANING SERVICES - USER'S MANUAL Unit cost per service This option shows a table with the unit cost of every service, according to the unit that has been selected. 7--SERVICE -------------- UNIT ,+ Deachcleaning . SUB-TOTALS Cost/;2; m + Coltection Conventional * Finaldisposal Service totalcost Suggested flat tariff CurrencyNCt 9. . 03th . cCo t/t ' Cost/month I j JCoslam-monthf7T.. Pint ADDITIONAL TOOLS There are four options: * Modification of terminology * Waste prediction * Cash flow for a sanitary landfill * Graphs. 9.1 Modification of terminology This tool may be used to modify a term that is not common in the region or country where the program is being applied. You may modify the formats of data entry (services) and results (annual cost). U COSEPRE - COSTS OF URBAN CLEANING SERVICES - USER'S MANUAL Forul cst Lubticat NgtiNw~r nnual cost Safetyequipment Annual cool Tiee P .... L Annual An. c... . . cost_J ubiater . ....... _...... __ ........ ... ... ......... . .n..l.Bonu _--_ No_ ------------ ''--- t0 Annual cost Funlorm, LEAnnualc allowance 1Annual cost Benelits j Annual Service t.':................. T Lubrica 'NocostFuel= Ser-.fice Anul(Gal/h) Service iFood jN.o = . =. cost _NoN = . .. 1No I ,'. .0'--j .,..... ....... 1TFuel Click the line to be modified, then click the button Edit and enterthe modificationin the text boxes. This tool has two boxes for data entry: * New term: type the new term to replace the old one. * Observation: type any relevant comment. Toconfirmthe acceptanceof the newterm, click the button Activated and Save. 9.2 Wasteprediction To predict the generation of waste, click this tool and fill the following data: . Starting year: type the starting year to initiate the predictive analysis of waste generation. . Growth index of population per year (%): type the percentage. You can get this data from population censuses. . Average coverage (%): type the percentage of population served by the final disposal service (sanitary landfill) in the starting year of the prediction. COSEPRE - COSTS OF URBAN CLEANING SERVICES - USER'S MANUAL * Numberof days peryear: type365. * Numberof predictionyears:typethe numberof yearsconsideredin the waste generationprediction. * Averageof wastegeneration(kg/pop/day):typethe averageof dailywaste generationper personin the areacoveredby the final disposalservice,expressed in kg/pop/day. * Growthindexof coverageper year(%):typethe percentagerepresentingthe estimatedincreasein wastecollectionand final disposal. * Population:typethe populationof the areato be coveredby the final disposal service. * Growthindexof wastegenerationperyear (%):typethe percentage.If this informationis not available,the averagegrowthindexof 1%maybe usedfor waste generationin LatinAmerica. * Waste densityin the landfill(t/m3 ): typethe wastecompactionexpressedin densityunits (t/m3 ). It should not surpass1.2 t/m3. Toget a tablewith results,click Update. Startingyear 2000 ws e AverageeO gpyneapcrJ irdeso. Greowth .popuationde9 c Average coverage 60 of daysperYew Number 365 YEAR 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 ...... ._4 l PopLaton 30630 31273 31930 32600 33285 33984 34698 35426 . Nunbefd ptediction Groth'de"f It [pegg/peno8daCoverage 8IIIII0500 60 62 0.510 64 0.520 66 0.531 68 0.541 70 0.552 0.563 72 74 0574 o.s56 76 :. I ton/d l% Pteadcion 9.00 9.685 10408 11.19 11.993 12861 13.776 14.738 15.777 15 popuation 0.5 6rowthindexof w3itegewaftion 2 Vokeie 3650 3928 4221 4538 4864 5216 5507 5977 6398 30000 2 Wastedenfity1fIhe j VOaLerie 3 -1 3650 7578 11799 16337 21201 28417 32004 37981 44379 llIJPte, Ed. i' U COSEPRE- 9.3 COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Cashflow Tocalculatethe cashflow of a sanitarylandfillfor a given period,click Cashflow andfill the followingdatadescribedabove: . Startingyear * Growthindexof populationperyear . Averagecoverage(%) . Numberof workingdaysperyear . Averagewastegeneration(kg/pop/day) . Growthindexof coverageperyear (%) . Population * Growthindexof wastegenerationperyear (%). Additionaldata to calculatethe cashflow are: . Numberof projectionyears:typethe numberof yearsto establishthe profitability of the project. . Monthlytariff perfamily(NC/month):typethe monthlytariff everyfamily (household)mustpayfor the finaldisposalservice. * Unit cost of the service(withoutcapital)per ton (NC/t):type the total annualcost of operation(withoutthe investmentin machineryand infrastructure)dividedby the volumeof wastereceivedor expectedin a year,expressedin tons. . Investmentin machineryafterits usefullife (NC):typethe constantamountadded to the investmentafter its useful life. It is the additionalexpenditurein machinery due to the increaseof wastes. . Annualaverageinterest(%):typethe annualbankinginterestper loanexpressed in percentage. . Totalinvestment(NC):typethe costsof investmentand infrastructure. . Usefullife of the infrastructure(years):typethe numberof yearsthe infrastructure is expectedto last. COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Personsperfamily(number):typethe averagenumberof personsperfamilyin the areaof study. Initialinvestmentin machinery(NC):typethe cost of the machineryrequiredfor the sanitarylandfilloperation(front-endloader,tractor,motograder,rollercompactor, dumptruck,amongothers). Averageusefullifeof the machinery(years);type the estimatedusefullifefor all vehiclesexpressedin years.In manycasesthis informationis providedby the manufacturer. Toget a tablewith results,click Update. 9.4 Graphs In this optionyou can preparea graphof unitcostsas a toolto helpdecidethe creationof a transferstation.Toprepareit, the programrequiresdata of vehiclesfromthe collection serviceandthe transferand transportationservice.Generalinformationcommonto two vehiclesat least is requestedfor the analysis,as well as specificinformationon the large vehicleandthe smallone. Therearetwo options: - )Data entry Graphgeneration. 9.4.1 Data entry ClickAddto enterdata. Therearetwo options: Largevehicles Smallvehicles. Commondatafor both largeand smallvehiclesare: Description:typethe descriptionof the vehicleused. Workingdaysper year (days):typethe numberof workingdays peryear. Annualaverageinterest(%):typethe percentageof the annualbankinginterestper loan. .. EX~~ COSEPRE - COSTS OF URBAN CLEANING SERVICES - USER'S MANUAL * Fuel cost: type the cost per volumen unit (liter or gallon). * Lubricant cost: type the cost per volumen unit (liter or gallon). * Effective working hours per shift (hours): type the number of working hours of the vehicle per shift. 9.4.1.1 Large vehicles 0 Large ehiot I5 - . Smafl¢i IU ' ~ th i18H8ie cool Oeain -eh.l rst) 1 t . e t e0-| hems--| per0 +$ shdfIhut tan(N/ya e, Insalledcvpaitle The tif)lown ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Cost th8 - Teei:.os.tC-/U-nr- -q j- S General data l0Fueldes -econsumption co.st;1 [Nd | l. the common abv,etrtefloigS data Lubricant price transfer sttio V Deeceptmn yea[dl1 El eciv mol I,>qfrkjn sdS1[l : Number *f t_es O f . ii hs Uski if.softhe-\.rAaa :tl -dSaEis ..... ;- -Gance<; EIrut: (NC-|0 dGo/a flrecpct sefu Ur ifte otiraser sevie.iti hcld Vea emfinledan: General data~~~Ga/I L NCga Inblericnty (C/onh To nmtion/day): cap yu Largevehiles caare ithos of lar d iaverage dy)yeth usefi capacity vrge transfer theservion, the transferservice. expressed in ton/day. There is a direct relation between infrastructure capacity and the number of available vehicles. U~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Operationcostsof the transferequipment * Vehiclecost (NC/unit):typethe purchasecost of the vehicle. * Insurance+ vehicletax (NC/year):typethe annualamountpaidfor the vehicle insuranceand taxes. a Drivercost (NC/day):type the daily salaryof the driver. * Vehiclemaintenance(NC/year):typethe preventiveandcorrectivemaintenance cost. * Workerbenefits(%):typethe percentageof the daily salarypaidto the workerfor allowances,bonuses,benefits,and others. * Fuel consumption(gal/km):type the numberof fuelgallonsperkilometerusedby the equipment. d Lubricantconsumption(gal/km):typethe numberof lubricantgallonsper kilometerusedby the equipment. i Numberof tires (tires/unit):typethe numberof tires requiredfor the equipment. * Cost of tires (NC/U):type the unitcost of everytire. * Usefullife (months):type the numberof monthsthe tire is expectedto last. - Amortizationtime (years):typethe numberof yearsrequiredto paythe investment. * Vehiclecapacity(ton):typethe loadcapacityof the vehicleexpressedin tons. * Averagespeed(km/hr):type the relationbetweenthe distancetraveledby the vehicleand the averagetime usedto travelthat distance,expressedin km/hr. Investmentcostsof the transferstation Costof the transferstation(NC):type the amountrequiredto implementthe facility or basicinfrastructureof eachservice. Usefullife of the station (years):typethe estimateddurationof the facilityor infrastructureexpressedin years. U COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL Insurancepremium(%):typethe annualpercentageof the investmentcost paidfor insuranceagainstrobbery,fire, and naturaldisasters,amongothers. Operationcostsof the transferstation Operationcost TS (NC/month):typethe monthlyamountof the operationcost of all the machineryof the transferstation.For example:funnel,motograder,etc. MaintenancecostTS (NC/month):typethe monthlycost for maintainingall the machineryusedin the transferstation. Small vehicles Smallvehiclesarethoseusedin the collectionservice.The informationrequiredforsmall vehiclesis similarto the informationenteredfor largevehicles. Specificdatafor small vehiclesare: . Helperspervehicle(number):typethe numberof helpersworkingin the vehicle. . Helpercost (NC/day):typethe dailysalary of everyhelper. 9.4.2 Graph generation Toget the comparativegraphwith dataenteredfor eachvehicle,clickthe button Graph. Thegraphwill comparehoursversusNC/ton.Toget the graphcomparingkilometers versus NC/ton,click the button Cost vsdistance. COSEPRE- COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- 120114 10 - 2 - - 9.0. S.4 7. Cost 6 (NCIt)564 USER'S MANUAL _ - / -_5 = - - .5.525)Co,pt,t Tnk Sml - 51 40 302 30;v 1.8- 003 - =~- 3 - 9 = _ - = Tf& rr}t-kL-Ee 0_n 17 l 33 35 ]67 83 . 17 * Time (Hours) 10. HELP- Fl The Help- Fl presentstwo options: Help -Fl TechnicaN documentation AboutCOSEPRE Technicaldocumentation:summaryof the technicaldocumentationmanual. AboutCOSEPRE:briefpresentationof the staffresponsiblefor the preparationof the COSEPREsoftware. m COSEPRE- U COSTS OF URBANCLEANINGSERVICES- USER'S MANUAL URBAN AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT WORKING PAPER SERIES Current Publications UWP 1 What a Waste: Solid Waste Management in Asia. Daniel Hoornweg with Laura Thomas UWP 2 Learning from the World Bank's Experience of Natural Disaster Related Assistance. Roy Gilbert and Alcira Kreimer UWP 3 Observations of Solid Waste Landfills in Developing Countries: Africa. Asia, and Latin America. Lars Mikkel Johannessen with Gabriela Boyer UWP 4 Guidance Note on Recuperation of Landfill Gas from Municipal Solid Waste Landfills. Lars Mikkel Johannessen UWP 5 Guidance Note on Leachate Management for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills. Lars Mikkel Johannessen UWP 6 Garment-Making and Urbanization: An Introductory Study of Four Cases. Nigel Harris with Lamia Bulbul, Khandaker Mainuddin, Xiaochen Meng, Sameh Naguib, and Sampath Srinivas UWP 7 Integrating the Environment in Urban Development: Singapore as a Model of Good Practice. Josef Leitmann UWP 8 Composting and Its Applicability in Developing Countries. Daniel Hoornweg, Laura Thomas, and Lambert Otten UWP 9 COSEPRE. Costs of urban cleaning services.Technical documentation, version 1.0 - Windows 98 UWP 10 COSEPRE. Costs of urban cleaning services. User's manual; version 1.0 - Windows 98 INFORMATION For more information about the Urban and Local Government Working Paper Series, contact: Urban Publications Coordinator Urban Development Infrastructure Group The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 U.S.A. Facsimile: (202) 522-3232 Email: [email protected] Internet:www.worldbank.org/urbanU Urban Development Infrastructure Group 1818H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C.20433 U.S.A. Internet: www.worldbank.org PRINTEDAT CEPIS PanAmerican Center for Sanitary Engineering and EnvironmentalSciences Los Pinos 259, Urb. Camacho, Lima 12, Peru P.O.Box 4337 - Lima 100, Peru Telephone:(51 1) 437-1077 Fax: (51 1)437-8289 Internet: [email protected] http://cepis.ops-oms.org