Download LTL-M User Man

LLTL-M MOBILE RE
ETROR
REFLE
ECTOM
METER
R
U
User Man
nual
Mobile qualityy control of road markinngs in accorrdance with CEN / ASTM
M specificatiions
DISCLAIMER
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
DELTA MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS USER
MANUAL. THE USER OF THE MANUAL IS SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY USE
OF THE MANUAL AND THE INSTRUMENT DESCRIBED THEREIN, WHICH HE
CHOSES TO MAKE. DELTA DOES NOT WARRANT THAT INSTRUCTIONS OR
RECOMMENDATATIONS PROVIDED IN THE MANUAL COMPLY WITH LAWS,
REGULATIONS OR SAFETY STANDARDS IN THE JURISDICTION OF USE AND
DOES NOT KNOW IF THEY DO. TO THE LARGEST POSSIBLE EXTENT PERMITTED
BY LAW DELTA DISCLAIMS LIABILITY FOR ERRORS IN THE MANUAL AND FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMMAGES
RELATED TO THE FURNISHING OR USE OF THE MANUAL AND THE
INSTRUMENT DESCRIBED THEREIN.
Updated. November, 2011
Version 1.05 English
Visit our web-site “www.roadsensors.com”
DELTA
LTL-M Retroreflectometer User Manual
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 6
OPERATING INFORMATION ...................................................................................................... 6
LTL-M Introduction …………………………………………………………………...…..… . 6
LTL-M Retroreflectometer Features ………………………………………………………... 8
Options………………………….………………………………………..…………………… .. 8
Getting Started …………………………………………………………….…………………. .. 8
Important Guidelines for the Correct Use of the LTLM……………………........................ ... 12
SECTION 2 .......................................................................................................................................... 14
GENERAL INFORMATION ........................................................................................................ 14
The Measurement…………………………………………………………………………… .. 14
Optical Princple……………………………………………………………………………... .. 14
Notes on Error Sources……………………………………………………………………… .. 14
Environmental Conditions…………………………………………………………………... .. 15
SECTION 3 .......................................................................................................................................... 16
THE USER INTERFACE .............................................................................................................. 16
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………….... 16
Main Page… ……………………………………………………………………………….. . 16
Series Page……………………………………………………………………….................. ... 18
Users Page………………………………………………………………………………….... . 18
View log Page………………………………………………………………………............. ... 19
Tools Page………………………………………………………………………………….... . 20
Settings Page………………………………………………………………………………… .. 22
FITTING AND MOUNTING OF THE LTL-M SYSTEM…………………………………… 25
Fitting the Mounts of the LTL-M System on the Vehicle……………………….…………... . 25
Mounting of the LTL-M System…………………………………………………………...… 25
.
DMI & OVERHEAD CAMERA…..……………………………………………………...…….. 27
Distance Measuring Instrument (DMI)……………………….…………... ............................. 27
Overhead Camera…………………………………………………………...… ....................... 29
MEASURING AND DATA HANDLING ..................................................................................... 31
Measuring with the LTL-M System……………………………………………...….............. . 31
Data Handling and Transfer…………………………………………………………………....31
SECTION 4 .......................................................................................................................................... 34
MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................................ 34
General Care……...……………………………………………………………….……….... . 34
Protection Window…………………………………………………………………………... 34
Lamp System……………………………………………………………………………….... 34
Cleaning……………………………………………………………………………………... . 34
Storage…………………………………………………………………………………….… . 34
APPENDIX A
LTL-M VEHICLE MOUNTING INSTRUCTIONS……………………………………………... ..... 35
APPENDIX B
MOUNTING OF THE DMI UNIT (Distance Measuring Instrument)…………….…………39
APPENDIC C
MOUNTING OF THE OVERHEAD CAMERA…………………………………………….41
APPENDIX D
CHANGE OF LAMP SYSTEM………………………………..…………………………………. ..... 42
APPENDIX E
CHANGE OF SENSOR FRONT GLASS …………………..…………………………………… .... 45
APPENDIX F
ERROR MESSAGES…………………………………………..…………………………………… .. 47
APPENDIX G
LIMITATIONS IN THE USE OF THE LTL-M SYSTEM…..…………………………………… .... 48
APPENDIX H
SPECIFICATIONS……………………………………………..…………………………………….. 49
APPENDIX I
THE DELIVERY………………………………………………………..................…………..……...53
DELTA
LTL-M Retroreflectometer User Manual
5
SECTION 1
OPERATING INFORMATION
LTL-M introduction
The LTL-M retroreflectometer is a mobile field instrument intended for measuring the
retroreflection properties of road/pavement markings. LTL-M measures the RL value (coefficient of retroreflected luminance) and the DC (Daylight Contrast) as well as records the presence of RPMs (Raised Pavement Markers also called road studs). RL is a measurement of the
lightness of the pavement marking as seen by drivers of motorized vehicles in car headlight
illumination at nighttime. The daylight contrast is the contrast between the road surface and
the marking seen by the driver at daytime. RPMs are another means of guiding traffic at
nighttime through small devices positioned on the road surface providing a strong retroreflection.
LTL-M measures at traffic speed. LTL-M will provide 100% coverage of the markings at 90
kph / 55 mph but can measure at lower and higher driving speed. At speed > 90 kph / 55 mph
the coverage will be less than 100%, the rate depending on the actual speed.
LTL-M defines a marking as an area of the road surface providing a retroreflection of minimum 40 mcd/lx/m2. A marking will be recognized as such if it is minimum 1 m / 3 feet long
and minimum 5 cm / 2 inch wide. Double lines will be recognized if there is minimum 5 cm /
2 inch between the two lines. LTL-M can measures markings up to minimum 50 cm / 20 inch
wide.
EN 1436 standard (EU)
The road is illuminated at an angle of 1.24and the reflected light is measured at an angle of
2.29, which corresponds to an observation distance of 30 m / 98 feet.
ASTM E 1710 standard (USA)
The road is illuminated at an angle of 88.76and the reflected light is measured at an angle of
1.05, which corresponds to an observation distance of 30 m / 98 feet.
This is relevant for a motorist’s viewing situation under normal driving conditions. The LTLM system based on 30 m geometry compressed to 6 m / 19.7 feet measuring distance.
Further information on measuring principles
www.roadsensors.com under Technology.
and
standards
can
be
found
on
The operation of the retroreflectometer is simple and requires minimal instruction, see
SECTION 3 for details.
RL is an important factor in the ON-SITE quality control of pavement markings.
L-M sensorr mounted on
o a vehicle
The LTL
d DC
Measurring RL and
The LT
TL-M system
m measures the retroreeflectivity annd calculatees RL accorrding to the international C
CEN and ASTM
A
standdards in mcd/lux/m2. L
LTL-M meaasures in adddition the daylight
contrastt which is a relative measuremen
m
nt giving thee contrast ratio
r
betweeen the roadd surface
and the marking. Measureme
M
nt results are
a presenteed as figurees (RL and DC), colum
mns (RL)
T
or after transffer of data on
o a PC. Errror mesand grapphs (RL) dirrectly on thhe system TabletPC
sages orr warnings are
a shown in the displaay in case off any probleems during use as pop--up.
RPM’s
TL-M system
m records automaticall
a
ly the preseence of RPM
M’s. RPM’ss with a retrroreflecThe LT
tion of m
minimum 2%
2 of the leevel of new RPMs as stated
s
in EN
N 1463 will be recognizzed. The
data cann be locatedd in the log.
Data caapture
The LTL-M system
m stores RL, DC and RPM
R
data wiith correspoonding date, time, GPS
S coordiT followiing data is also
a registerred:
nates annd other releevant data. The







her informattion on the road
r
(Seriess ID)
Naame and oth
Usser name (U
Users ID)
Distance to measure
m
and to go
Wiidth of markking
Drriving speedd
Coomments en
ntered duringg driving
Quuality of GP
PS fix
d
driviing on the system
s
tableetPC graphhical inform
mation aboutt the RL
LTL-M provides during
ment camera allowing the
t drivmeasureement results as well as a visual view from thhe measurem
er to navvigate the vehicle.
v
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
7
LTL-M
M retroreflectomete
er feature
es

Mobile insstrument for mounting on a vehiclle

Measuring
g RL on dry and wet maarking surfaaces

Measures flat, textureed & profileed markingss

Calculate daylight contrast

Records presence
p
of working
w
RP
PMs

Fully docu
umented meeasurements with automatic data storage, useer and seriees identification foor labeling and
a groupinng of measurrements

Audible siignals durinng use (if en
nabled)

Easy calib
bration procedure

Traceable and accreddited calibraated reflectioon standardd

Results in histogram graph

Average result presenntation from
m 1 m to inddefinite
Option
ns

Overhead camera
c

DMI (Distaance Measuurement Instrument)
d
Getting started
The LTL
L-M base syystem consists of threee parts
The Sennsor
The Proocessor
The TabbletPC
The Se
ensor
m
thhe daylight contrast (D
DC) and the presThe sennsor measures the RL vaalue of the markings,
ence of RPMs. Thee sensor is mounted
m
on the left or the
t right sidde of the vehhicle. The sensor
wo proprietarry cables foor power suppply and daata
is beingg connected to the proceessor by tw
transferr. The senso
or is being tuurned on annd off througgh the Proceessor.
Before sstarting meaasurements the sensor need
n
to be calibrated,
c
s the sectiion on Run Calsee
ibration
n on page 20-21.
2
The Prrocessor
he unit storinng and proccessing meaasurements and
a recordeed data. Thee proThe proocessor is th
cessor is placed in a safe placee inside the vehicle preeferably lockked to ensurre that it does
not movve during drriving. The processor iss connectedd to the car’s 12 v batteery for poweer
and to thhe sensor using two proprietary caables for poower supply and data transfer. The Processor together witth the Sensoor is turned on and off oon the greenn button at the
t back of the
Processor box.
Data is stored on ann internal hard disc. Thhe set-up off the hard diisk is uniquee to a speciffic
ment. If you want
w a backk-up hard diisk you needd to mirror the existingg hard disk. A
instrum
mirroredd hard disk may be orddered at DEL
LTA at the time of purrchase.
.
The Ta
abletPC
The TabbletPC is the main tool for the user to operatee the LTL-M
M system an
nd follow thhe
results oof the measuurements. The
T Tablet PC
P has a nuumber of funnctions desccribed below
w.
Remem
mber that thee TabletPC screen
s
respo
onds to youur fingers ab
bility to trannsfer electriccity
and not to pressuree and that it make take a little while for the scrreen to resp
pond.
The TabblePC Main
n Page
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
9
Mountiing and swiitch on
d with the syystem for eaasy
The TabbletPC is placed next too the driver in the holdder provided
mountinng. Before turning
t
on thhe TabletPC
C turn on thhe Processorr.
a the upperr right corneer of the uniit. Once thee unit
The TabbletPC is turrned on on the button at
has pow
wered up unlock the dissplay by slidding the “keey symbol” upwards too operate thee
screen.
Unlock button
TA icon to open
o
the sofftware.
Click onn the DELT
DELTA Icon
ns page acceess can be loocated on thhe upper parrt of the TabbletPC screeen:
The folllowing icon
Main page
The maiin page is where
w
the LT
TL-M systeem is being operated froom and wheere the user can
observee the measurrement resuults and otheer parameterrs related to
o the measurement. Thee
main paage also allo
ows the userr to adjust th
he sensor annd add markks to the log
g. Before thhe
user cann start meassuring he or she needs to
t enter infoormation on
n the road (S
Series ID) too be
measureed and the user
u (Users ID). See thee section onn Main Pagge on page 16-17
1
for deetails.
Series IID
Before m
measuremennt can be innitiated a Rooad ID needd to be enterred. Informaation on thee road
like nam
me, directionn, side and length may to be entered for furthher road idenntification. See
the section on Series Page on page 18 forr details.
D
Users ID
Before m
measuremennt can start informationn on the useer need to be entered. See
S the sectiion
on Userrs Page on page
p
18 for details.
View loog
In View
w log the RL measuremeent results are
a being prresented as a graph togeether with figf
ures forr maximum,, minimum and averagee readings as
a well as sttandard deviation. The user
can channge the aveerage lengthh displayed to
t his or herr desire. This is also the page wherre
log dataa and videoss are exportted. See the section on View Log Page
P
on pagge 19 - 20 for
f
details.
Tools
The Toools page is used
u
to run calibration,, run system
m alignmentt, synchroniize the flashh
when chhanging the lamp and calibrate
c
thee DMI unit. The page also
a contains various innformation rrelated to diagnostics. See the secttion on Toools Page on page 20 - 22
2 for detaills.
Settingss
The Setttings page is used for choosing thhe measurem
ment units, choose
c
meaasurement of
o the
full marrkings or thee center vallue only, adj
djust the brigghtness of thhe preview field and too enable,
disable and adjust the
t overheaad camera an
nd DMI. Thhe page also
o offers the option to deefine the
m
log butttons. See thhe section onn Settings Page
P
on pagge 22-24 for
text for the eight mark
details.
Mark loog option
The Maark log offeers the option of user defining upp to eight markings
m
beiing logged together
with thee measurem
ments. The use
u of the Mark
M
log is to note situuations relaated to the markings
m
where special
s
condditions existt e.g. dirt on
n the markiings, water on the marrking etc. One
O mark
may be logged at any
a time. Seee the sectioon on Mark
k log on pag
ge 22 for dettails.
mera view
Measurrement cam
The Meeasurementt camera viiew shows during
d
driviing where thhe markingss are situateed compared too the width of the LTL--M measureement field. The left marking is marked in greeen and
the righht marking inn red. This informationn will guidee the driver to
t position the
t vehicle correctly on thhe road. See the sectionn on the mea
asurement camera piccture on page 16 for deetails.
Measurrement data presentattion
Measurrement data on RL vallues are pressented in thhe central paart of the scrreen as grapphs and
coloumss and in thee lower rightt corner as figures.
f
Thee value on th
he x-axis arre number of
o measurementts recorded each of 1 m length.
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
11
GPS Status
The GPS Status field shows the quality of the GPS fix in different colors, the number of satellite contacts and the vehicle speed. See the section on GPS Status and speed on page 16 for
details.
Measure Distance
The Measure Distance field shows the actual measurement distance of the measurement
camera. The distance should be as close as possible to 6 m. If the measurement distance is not
correct the camera may be manually adjusted by the tablet PC arrows ↑ ↓.
Measurement
The Measurement field shows various details related to the measurement:
The User ID
The Series ID
The total length of the marking to be measured (if entered)
The remaining length of the marking to be measured
The time the logging has been activated
The Measurement button is where the camera flash system is started and stopped and where
logging of the measurement data is started and stopped. See the section on Measurements on
page 17 for details.
Important guidelines for the correct use of the LTL-M
Positioning of the instrument on the vehicle
The LTL-M sensor needs to be mounted 10 cm above the road surface when in operation. The
height is important to secure that the LTL-M system is operating according to the prescribed
30 m geometry.
Cleaning of sensor windows
Before calibration or measuring it is recommended to clean the windows in the sensor unit.
The cleanliness of the windows should be checked at regular intervals during driving to secure free flow of light. Be especially aware when measuring on wet surfaces (splashing of
water), dirty roads (dust or mud) or when many insects are in the air.
Mounting of the sunshade in front of the sensor reduces the risk of splashes and dirt on the
windows by creating over pressure during driving.
Calibration
When mounted the LTL-M system needs to be calibrated before measurements are initiated
using the supplied calibration box to ensure correct measurements. It is recommended to calibrate at least once a day or when the LTL-M sensor is being re-mounted. See the calibration
section on page 20 - 21 for details.
Taking measurements
Measurements are taken at vehicle driving speed. At speed up to 90 kph / 55 mph LTL-M will
measure 100% of the markings. At higher speed the measurement coverage will be less than
100% depending on the speed.
LTL-M measures an area of 1 x 1 meter / 3 x 3 feet. During driving make sure the markings
are within the measurement camera field, the exact position of the markings during driving
can be followed on the TabletPC.
Turning on the LTL-M system
LTL-M can be run by the vehicle 12V battery preferably connected directly to the vehicle battery at the terminals. Do only turn on the LTL-M system / processor after the vehicle engine has been turned on as the turning on of the vehicle may remove the power supply
shortly during ignition. In such case the LTL-M processor may be corrupted and need
DELTA to reinstall the software. The LTL-M system require approx. 13.5 A to operate.
To safeguard the battery supply it is recommended to have an extra battery installed in the
vehicle. The LTL-M system will draw the power from the extra battery which again is connected directly to the vehicle generator
Remember:



LTL-M is an optical precision instrument, handle with care.
Keep the protection window and calibration unit clean.
Store in a clean and dry environment when not in use.
Remember:

DELTA
To turn on the Processor only after the vehicle engine has been started if an
extra battery has not be installed.
LTL-M Retroreflectometer User Manual
13
SECTION 2
GENERAL INFORMATION
The measurement
The LTL-M retroreflectometer is a mobile field instrument intended for measurement of the
retroreflection properties of road/pavement markings. LTL-M measures the RL value (coefficient of retroreflected luminance) and the DC (Daylight Contrast) as well as record the presence of RPMs (Raised Pavement Markers also called road studs or cat eyes). RL is a measurement of the lightness of the pavement marking as seen by drivers of motorized vehicles in
car headlight illumination at nighttime. The daylight contrast is the contrast between the road
surface and the marking seen by the driver at daytime. RPMs are another means of guiding
traffic at nighttime through small devices positioned on the road surface providing a strong
retroreflection.
EN 1436 standard (EU)
The road is illuminated at an angle of 1.24and the reflected light is measured at an angle of
2.29, which corresponds to an observation distance of 30 meters / 98 feet.
ASTM E 1710 standard (USA)
The road is illuminated at an angle of 88.76and the reflected light is measured at an angle of
1.05, which corresponds to an observation distance of 30 meters / 98 feet.
This is relevant for a motorist’s viewing situation under normal driving conditions. The LTLM system based on a 30 meter geometry compressed to 6 m / 19.7 feet measuring distance.
Optical principle
LTL-M is based on a new patent-pending technology. The LTL-M measurement system
makes use of high speed pulsating light, digital camera technology and digital image processing. A main advantage of LTL-M is the ability to deliver accurate measurement results by
automatic compensation of movements in the vehicle using a digital geometry correction system. When correctly mounted, calibrated and operated the LTL-M measures with a repeatability of +/-3% and a reproducibility of +/- 5% under all driving conditions.
Based on a camera system LTL-M is measuring 100% of the markings offering “true visibility”, i.e. measures retroreflection precisely as a driver in a vehicle as defined in the standards
would view the markings.
V spectral correction is achieved by use of advanced optical filters.
Notes on error sources
If excessive light like direct sunlight is entering the measurement system the camera measurements will automatically be discarded and no measurement will be logged. If measurements are logged they are correctly recorded.
If the markings are badly worn and no longer have the typical geometrical shape of markings,
measurements will be discarded. If RL measurements are low, approx. 40 mcd/lx/m2 or lower,
they will typically be discarded.
It is very important to keep the window and the ceramics on the calibration unit clean.
The LTL-M illumination angle is 1.24° relative to the road surface. Because of this small angle accurate placement of the instrument on the vehicle is important.
The LTL-M retroreflectometer is a rugged instrument, but it is an optical instrument and must
be handled as such.
The LTL-M is factory calibrated. Nevertheless start measurements with a calibration. Study
the display for any warning.
Note:
Keep the window of the instrument and ceramics on the calibration unit clean.
Environmental conditions.
The LTL-M sensor can be operated under the following environmental conditions:
Temperature
Humidity
DELTA
Operating
Storage
0o - +45o C / 32o – 113o F
-15o - +55o C / 5o – 131o F
Non condensing
LTL-M Retroreflectometer User Manual
15
S
SECTION
3
THE US
SER INTE
ERFACE
INTRO
ODUCTION
N
LTL-M system is controlled
c
vvia the GUI (Graphical User Interfa
face). The GUI
G is an Anndroid
based taabletPC to be
b mounted next to the driver. Thee GUI perfoorms the folllowing funcctions:
•
•
•
•
Innstrument coonfigurationn and controol
M
Measuremen
nt configurattion and conntrol
Loog viewing
Loog readout to
t USB drivve / hard dissk
t GUI cann be viewedd below.
The maiin page of the
GPS stattus and speed
d
Measuree distance
and adjuustment
Page icoons
Meassurement cam
mera picture
Graph presenntation
of RL measuurements
Mark log
buttons
Measureement and
distance information
i
RL, daylightt contrast
and markingg width
Start and stopp of meaS
surement
s
andd logging
MAIN PAGE
peed
GPS staatus and sp
The GPS status fielld informs about
a
the quuality of thee GPS signaal and the sppeed of the vehicle
v
G
The coolor of the iccon shows the
t quality of
o the positiion.
calculatted by the GPS.
GOOD fix:
The GP
PS HDOP (Horizontal
(
Dilution Of Precision)) value is beelow 5.
FAIR fiix:
The GP
PS HDOP value
v
is largger than 5, but
b the GPS
S can FIX.
NO fix:
The GPS
G cannot FIX
F (weak or no signall).
The actuual number of satellitess connectedd is shown.
The speed can be displayed in kph (kilometer per hour) or mph (miles per hour). Adjustments
of the speed unit can be made on the Settings Page
Page icons
Each of the six Pages can be accessed by a click on the corresponding icon
Measurement camera picture
The Measurement camera window shows a picture of the actual measurement field. The
window guides the driver to position the vehicle correctly on the road – the markings has to
be visible at any time for correct measuring. A green field shows the position of the left marking and a red field shows the position of the right marking if double lines are being measured.
If only one marking is present it is considered a left marking and marked green.
Measurement and distance information
The Measurement field shows the information entered on the driver (identification of the
driver) and information entered on the Series ID (identification of the road measured). In the
Measurement field is in addition displayed the length of the road to be measured (if entered),
how much of this stretch has been measured and how much time has elapsed since the measurement system has been started.
Measure distance and adjustment
The Measure Distance shows the distance to where the measurement system has located a
marking. The geometry of the LTL-M system is based on 6 m /19.7 feet geometry therefore
focus should be closest possible to this distance. Adjust instrument tilt as necessary to obtain
this value. Optimal focus would be a measurement distance between 5.5 and 6.5 meters / 18 –
21 feet. On uneven roads the measurement distance may fluctuate between 5 and 7 meters /
16 – 23 feet, which are acceptable.
Adjustment of the camera is done with the two Tilt pos. buttons ↑ ↓.
Graph presentation of RL measurement
The Graph presents the actual RL measurement level for the left (green) and right (red) marking. If only one marking is measured it is marked green. The graph shows the actual measured
RL value over time. Making 25 measurements per second the graph shows the RL values of
the last 1.000 measurements or 40 seconds of measurements.
Mark log buttons
The Mark log allows the driver to enter eight custom defined marks into the log. Pushing the
button briefly the mark will be logged until the button is pushed a second time. Pushing the
button and holding it the mark will be logged until the button is released. One Mark log button can be activated at a time.
RL, daylight contrast and marking width data
This box provides the RL value, the daylight contrast (DC) value and the width of the marking as an average over the last half of a second.
Start and stop of measurement and logging
The two buttons allow the driver to start and stop the sensor (START / STOP Measurement)
and start and stop logging measurement data (START / STOP Logging).
DELTA
LTL-M Retroreflectometer User Manual
17
SERIES PAGE
The Serries page is where inforrmation on the road meeasured cann be entered. The field allows
a
enteringg informatio
on on: Namee, Direction
n, Side and Length.
L
It iss also possible to enterr information on reference if applicabble and com
mments in general.
g
All the enteredd information will
be storeed in the log
g and inform
mation on rooad Name, Direction,
D
S and Lenngth will bee shown
Side
on the M
Main Page. New
N series are easily added,
a
deletted or savedd using the buttons
b
to thhe right.
All fieldds except Leength is alpphanumeric and there iss no min. orr max. lengtth of the datta entered. Entered
E
inforrmation maay be changeed after the measuremeents have beeen recordedd.
If a Seriies is deleteed a warningg will be dissplayed thatt all measurrements resuults belongiing to
this Series will be deleted.
d
b
It is neccessary to ennter minimuum one series to be ablle to log datta. Select acctive series by
clickingg the series name
n
to thee left of the screen. Acttive series are
a marked yellow.
y
S PAGE
USERS
n
of the driver is enntered, if neecessary addding additional
The Useers Page is where the name
commennts. All the entered infoormation will be storedd in the log and information on thee driver
will be shown
s
on thhe Main Pagge. New nam
mes are eassily added, deleted
d
or saaved using the buttons to tthe right.
played that all
a measurem
ments resullts belonginng to this
If a Useer is deletedd a warning will be disp
User wiill be deleted.
It is neccessary to ennter minimuum one userr to be able to log data.. Select active users byy clicking the user
u name to
t the left off the screen
n. Active useers are markked yellow.
VIEW L
LOG PAG
GE
f the left (green)
(
and right (red) line
The Vieew Log Pagge shows thee measured RL values for
based onn the averag
ge distance chosen in thhe Averagee every box
x. The averaage length too be
displayeed can be addjusted in thhe Averagee every box.. The decisiion what average lengthh to
display can be takeen both befoore and/or after the meaasurements have been done.
d
ximum, minnimum and average RL values andd standard deviation
d
aree listed.
Informaation on max
The upddate chart buutton us useed to updatee the graph after having
g chosen a Series
S
and thhe average lenggth to be dissplayed. Thhe chosen Seeries can bee seen in yelllow to the left
l of the page.
p
An
averagee between 1 m / 3 feet and
a indefiniite may be chosen.
c
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
19
The Exp
port to USB
B button is used to trannsfer data too a memory stick. Inserrt a USB stiick on
the righht side of thee tabetPC orr in the LTL
L-M Processor. Once thhe stick hass been identified
press thhe Export too USB buttoon and data from the chhosen measurement serries and an image
of the graph will bee transferredd to a new folder
f
on the USB stick
k. The tableet PC will innform
h been succcessfully carried out and
a the USB
B stick can be
b removedd.
when thhe transfer has
n be openedd in Excel or
o similar sppreadsheet. Taking
T
Exccel as an exaample
The data.txt file can
SB stick. Right click onn data.txt, seelect Open With
W and chhoose
open thee data foldeer on the US
Excel ass shown on the picture below.
The Exp
port moviee button is used
u
to transsfer the overrhead videoo to USB stiick or an exxternal
USB haard disk (reccommendedd). Insert thee USB hard disk in the USB port on
o the LTL--M processor (NB:
(
not thee USB port of the tableetPC). Oncee the hard diisk has been
n identified press
the Exp
port movie button
b
and the video frrom the choosen measurrement seriees will be traansferred too a new foldder on the hard
h
disk. Th
he tablet PC
C will inform
m when thee transfer haas been
successffully carried
d out and thhe USB hardd disk can be
b removed..
The expported moviie is a comppressed videeo file encodded with thee DivX coddec. To view
w the
movie open
o
the filee with a suittable video player, for instance VL
LC player frrom VideoL
Lan, but
many otther program
ms will propperly also support the codec
c
and play
p the file.
S PAGE
TOOLS
Tools Page the
t below mentioned
m
fu
functions
cann be carried
d out.
In the T
Run Caalibration
It is recoommended to calibratee the LTL-M
M system minimum
m
oncce daily or when
w
the LT
TL-M
sensor iis re-installeed. Before Running
R
a Calibration
C
n place the calibration target preciisely 6
m / 19.77 feet in fron
nt of the LT
TL-M senso
or. Make surre that the windows
w
in the sensorr and
the caliibration tilee in the caliibration boox are clean
n and undaamaged. Maake sure thee tilt is
adjustedd (can be do
one from thee tabletPC) so the targeet is compleetely withinn the Measurrement
camera field on thee tabletPC Main
M Page. Make
M
sure the
t Processo
or is turned
d on. Enter or
o correct the calibration value stated on the callibration box.
The caliibration boxx
Push thee “Run calibbration” buttton and callibration is automaticallly done witthin 20 – 300 seconds. If
I the calibration is successfully doone the screeen inform “Calibration
“
n succeededd”. If the
calibratiion fails a warning
w
is ddisplayed. Iff a calibratioon fails andd measuremeent are beinng taken
the prevvious calibraation will be used.
or calibration failure:
Possiblee reasons fo
 The
T calibration box is not
n complettely visible.. Adjust thee position off the calibration box
x and / or thhe camera tiilt.
 Calibration
C
box is too far
f away froom the 6 meeter / 19.7 feet
f distancee.
 The
T calibration target is
i not perpeendicular to the measurement unit
 The
T calibration target ceramics
c
is dirty or dam
maged
 The
T window
ws of the seensor are dirrty or damagged
 Misalignme
M
ent of the innstrument seensor
 Other
O
visiblle items witthin view off approx. saame size andd value as th
he calibratioon
target.
 Direct
D
sunliight hitting the calibrattion target
DELT
TA recommeends to re-ccalibrate or to
t change thhe calibratioon ceramic on a regularr basis to
ensuree correct callibration of the instrum
ment
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
21
Run Allignment
Run aliggnment ensu
ures correlaation betweeen the internnal referencce of the sysstem and thee measurementt area. Run alignment also
a identifiies all consttants in the measureme
m
nt geometryy.
Alignm
ment must bee done whenn the lamp system
s
has been
b
changeed and as th
he lamp agees, with
frequennt use every 1 – 2 monthhs.
nsor. Make sure
The aliggnment boarrd is placedd precisely 6 meter / 19.7 feet aheaad of the Sen
the alignnment board is compleetely perpenndicular to thhe Sensor and
a shade it from sunshhine or
other diirect light soources prefeerably in a garage.
g
Thhe alignmennt board
(
be donee from the tabletPC)
t
soo the light iss completelyy within
Make suure the tilt is adjusted (can
the areaa of the alignnment boardd. Push the “Run alignnment” butto
on and the alignment
a
iss automaticallly done withhin 20 – 30 seconds. Iff the alignm
ment is succeessfully donne the screenn informs “A
Alignment succeeded””. If the alignment fails a warning is displayedd. If the aliggnment
fails andd measurem
ments are coontinued thee previous allignment will be used.
h
Synchronize flash
s
has been installled in the LT
TL-M sensoor the flash needs to bee synWhen a new flash system
chronizeed. Push thee “Synchronnize flash” button,
b
a seeries of flash
hes will takee place and the
synchroonization is automaticallly done. MAKE
M
SURE
E THIS IS THE
T
FIRST
T THING YOU
Y
DO
AFTER
R CHANGIN
NG THE LA
AMP SYST
TEM. Synchhronization may take upp to 2 minuutes
Now Ruun Alignmeent as previoously descriibed followeed by a calibration.
nit
Calibraate DMI un
See DM
MI section paage 27 - 29 for details
Diagnostics
ns a numberr of diagnosstics inform
mation like flash
f
unit ex
xpected rem
maining
Diagnosstics contain
life timee, temperatuure informaation, voltag
ges and softw
ware versioons.
fl
The infoormation onn flash unit expected reemaining liffe time tells how many hours the flash
system is expected to last befoore a changee is recomm
mended.
NGS PAGE
E
SETTIN
Settings pag
ge it is possiible to adjust the follow
wing:
In the S
Metric unit
S units by checking
c
/ unchecking
u
t right sidde field
the
Switch bbetween Metric and US
RL centter value
Switch bbetween fulll line RL vaalue and cennter line RL value by chhecking / unnchecking thhe right
side fielld. The LTL
L-M system
m is standardd set up to measure
m
the full length and width of
o markings. If the user waants to comppare LTL-M
M RL values with RL vaalues measurred with a
handhelld retrorefleectometer thhe RL centerr value optioon can be chhosen for diirect compaarison.
w gain
Preview
Preview
w gain adjussts the brighhtness of thee Measurem
ment cameraa area of thee main page from 1
to 10.
Enable overhead camera
c
reccording
b ticking th
he right sidee square
Enable tthe overheaad camera by
Adjust the overheead cameraa.
p
29 - 300 for detailss
See oveerhead cameera section page
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
23
Enable DMI unit
Enable the DMI unit by ticking the right side square. It has to be enabled to use the DELTA
supplied DMI unit
Quadrature encoder connected
The Quadrature encoder connected has to be enabled to operate the DELTA supplied DMI
unit
Positive and negative signal connected
The Positive and negative signal connected has to be enabled to operate the DELTA supplied
DMI unit.
The Mark Log buttons
The eight Mark Log buttons can be defined by the user. Push the button and write the text.
FITTING AND
D MOUNT
TING OF
F THE LT
TL-M SYS
STEM
Fitting
g the mou
unts of the
e LTL-M system on
o the veh
hicle
See Apppendix A foor details
Mountting of the
e LTL-M system
The attaachment tubbe is being m
mounted onn the vehiclee fittings and fixed withh two screw
ws
i being situuated to fit the
t measureement side (left
(
(L) or right
r
(R)
The moounting anglle adjuster is
side) annd the requirred angle (00o or 1.5o). The
T mountinng angle is fixed with two
t screws..
m
anngle adjusteer. The heigght over th
he road surfface (the
The sennsor is slit on to the mounting
Sensor bbottom partt) shall be adjusted to 100
1 mm / 4 inch when the
t vehicle is loaded annd ready
for meaasurement. The screw at the top of the Sennsor mountiing plate is used to addjust the
height.
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
25
ment stick) at the correect height fix it with thee screws
When thhe Sensor iss level (use a measurem
in the foollowing ordder:
h
the anngle adjusteed
1. Fiix the two screws that holds
2.Fix the four screwss on the sidee of the mouunting platee
3.Fix th
he remainingg two screw
ws behind thhe angle adjuuster.
Now mount the sunnshade andd the two caables (power and data transfer)
t
to connect thee Sensor
and the Processor
c power supply
s
and turn
t
on the processor on
o the buttoon at the
Connect the processsor to the car
back off the unit. Thhe sensor is automaticaally poweredd.
NB: If tthe car doees not have stabilized power mak
ke sure to turn
t
on the vehicle engine
before yyou turn on
n the proceessor. The alternative
a
is to installl an UPS (U
Uninterrup
ptible
Power S
Supply) sysstem to sup
pport the veehicle poweer system.
DMI AND OVERHE
EAD CAM
MERA (O
OPTIONA
AL)
DELTA
A offers withh the LTL-M
M system thhe option to add DMI (Distance Measuring
M
Innstrument) annd overheadd camera too the system
m. To make one
o or both options woork an intercconnection boxx is necessarry, the box being the connection too the LTL-M
M system.
DMI (D
Distance Measurin
ng Instrum
ment)
The DM
MI is an insttrument whiich via one of the vehiccle wheels measures
m
th
he driven disstance.
When innstalled andd turned on (see instrucctions below
w) the distannce measureement comees from
the DM
MI and not frrom the builld-in GPS. This
T securess a constantt accurate diistance meaasurement alsso when poor or no GP
PS connectioon is obtainned.
b is conneected to the LTL-M sysstem it can be enaOnce thhe DMI unitt and the intterconnect box
bled in the
t “Setting
gs” tab by pressing
p
“En
nable DMI unit”.
u
MI unit. It should
s
The “Quuadrature enncoder connnected” shoould be enabbled for the DELTA DM
only be disabled if a third-partty non-quaddrature encooder is connnected.
e
for the DELTA
A DMI unit.. It
“Positivve and negattive signal cconnected” should be enabled
should only
o
be disaabled if a thhird-party enncoder that does not pro
ovide inverrted signal iss connected. Error detecction of the DELTA
D
DM
MI unit is diisabled if thhis option iss uncheckedd.
Calibrattion:
Before uusing the DMI
D unit it needs
n
to be calibrated.
c
I the Toolss tab select “Calibrate D
In
DMI
unit”
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
27
mmendIn the popup dialogg box enter the distancee you want to drive forr calibrationn. It is recom
k / 0.6 andd 3 miles the longer disstance the more
m
ed to chhoose a distaance betweeen 1 and 5 km
precise calibration.
Press start and drivve exactly thhe length enntered and thhen press thhe stop buttoon.
h to be unndertaken iff conditions changes likke when thee wheel presssure
A new ccalibration has
changess or the DM
MI unit is beiing mountedd on one off the other wheels.
w
MI unit is now
n calibratted and youu can start using the DM
MI to measuure distance. Press
Your DM
close to close the popup
p
windoow.
Overh
head Cam
mera
The oveerhead videoo camera is mounted in
nside the veehicle windsshield and will
w provide a view
of the enntire road for
fo later reviiew. The reccording from
m the overhhead video will
w not be disd
played during
d
driviing but will be stored by
b the proceessor and caan be review
wed later toggether
with thee measurem
ment results to
t help expllain the meaasurement results.
r
The video is synnchronized too the measurrement dataa.
w measurement resullts overlayeed, see an ex
xample belo
ow.
The viddeo comes with
r
The oveerhead cameera is enableed in the Seettings page under “Enaable overheead camera recording”.
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
29
Once thhe camera iss installed inn the vehicle the “Adjuust overhead
d video cam
mera” can bee used to
place thhe outline off the measurrement fieldd in the oveerhead videoo.
To adjuust the measuurement fieeld positionss do the folllowing
1. Connect
C
thee interconneection box to
t the system
m
2. Connect
C
thee camera ussing the Ethernet cable
3. Mount
M
the sensor
s
on thhe side of thhe vehicle ass you would
d when meaasuring and adjust
t tilt to 6 m / 19.7 feeet.
the
4. Place
P
the caar so a road marking is visible in thhe measurement field.
5. Press
P
the “A
Adjust overhhead video camera”
6. You
Y will noow see the following
f
im
mage:
The picturee shows a livve image froom the overrhead camerra with videeo overlay of
o
7. T
m
measureme
nt data.
8. Next
N step iss to locate thhe measurem
ment field 6 m / 19.7 feet
fe ahead. This
T is madee by eit
ther
measurring 6 m aheead of the front
fr
end of the Sensor box (as when a calibraation is
m
made)
or ottherwise loccate the flash light. Thee mark is a green
g
line across
a
the piicture.
9. Press
P
on thee screen of tthe overheaad camera picture to plaace the greeen bar exacttly on
t measureement field as measureed.
the
10. Press
P
the “C
Close” buttoon once don
ne. It will taake a few seeconds to ex
xit
11. The
T overhead video wiill now auto
omatically record
r
whenn the log is recording.
r
m
accesss the View log
l page. Ch
hoose the seeries you want
w to
To preppare for expoort of the movie
export, chose the “A
Average evvery” you want
w displayeed.
To expoort the moviie connect a USB hard disk to the LTL-M proocessor USB
B port and press
p
the
“Exportt movie” buutton in the View
V
log paage. Make sure
s
you sett the averaging length to
t the
requiredd value. Reppeat for addditional seriees you wantt to export.
The folllowing coulld be a reasoon for errorr messages:
 No
N movie available
a
 Disk
D not coonnected
 Corrupt
C
datta
If this hhappens, try to correct oor push the return buttoon and try again.
MEASURING AND DATA HANDLING
Measuring with the LTL-M system
With the LTL-M Sensor mounted on the vehicle and connected to the Processor and the processor turned on the TabletPC can be turned on (see Section 1 page 9-10 for details). The
TabletPC connects to the processor wireless via Ethernet.
A calibration shall be performed before measurements are started, see Section 3 page 19-21
for details. Now prepare the LTL-M system for measurement by entering “Series ID” and
“Users ID” (see Section 2 page 17-18 for details)
Taking to the road make sure the GPS has a fix to allow for recording of location and speed.
If the system loses the GPS fix during measurement LTL-M will continue to record measurement data and record location as if the vehicle continued to drive straight on. When the GPS
fix is reestablished the GPS will adjust to the correct location.
The button “START Measurement” is activated and turns yellow. “START Measurement”
will turn on the flash system but will not start logging the measurements. The driver must
make sure that the markings are within the “Measurement camera” field on the “Main Page”
and that the “Measure Distance” is within 5–7 m / 16 –23 feet distance, preferably within 5.5–
6.5 m / 18–21 feet. If this is not the case the “Tilt Pos.” buttons ↓ ↑ are used to adjust the
camera up or down to focus the distance at ideally 6 m / 19.7 feet.
The LTL-M system is now ready to start logging measurements. This is done by pushing the
“START Logging” button which turns yellow. Data on RL, DC, markings width, number of
working RPMs, GPS coordinates and the driven distance is recorded.
If the driver wants to stop logging during driving he pushes the “STOP Logging” button and it
turns white. To resume logging push “START Logging”. The LTL-M system does only log
road data when the logging function has been activated. To be able to separate different road
stretches, if this is required, enter a new “Series ID” for each road stretch.
If the driver during logging wants to mark specific road stretches he can use the eight “Mark
Log” buttons. The “Mark Log” buttons can be individually defined, see Section 2 page 21 for
details. One Mark Log button can be activated at a time.
The LTL-M system does not have an inactivity timer to automatically turn it off if a file / log
has not been activated. In order to preserve the life of the lamp system the user has to press
the “Stop Measurement” button when not using the system.
The LTL-M Processor has large capacity to store data but a slowdown of the system may
happen if too much data is stored as one Series ID. DELTA recommends keeping a measurement series at maximum 2 days of work to reduce the risk of slowing down, freezing of the
system or getting error messages. If measurements are kept as more series this should not
happen.
Data handling and transfer
The LTL-M processor automatically stores all measured data and video.
DELTA
LTL-M Retroreflectometer User Manual
31
Data haandling on the TabletPC
When thhe measurem
ments are fiinished the logged dataa must be traansferred too a PC usingg USB
memoryy stick and the
t video traansferred ussing en exteernal hard disk.
d
The daata to be trannsferred
(a “Seriies ID”) is too be selecteed and the av
verage distaance to be reported
r
(froom 1 m / 3 ffeet to
indefiniite) is to be set. This is done in “View Log” under
u
“Averrage every”..
Transfeer of data to
t PC
When thhe Series ID
D and averagge has beenn chosen thee “Update ch
hart” button
n has to be pushed
p
for dataa update. Thhe USB mem
mory stick is inserted inn the USB port
p at the riight side off the
TabletP
PC (the port is hidden) or
o in the proocessor andd the “Exporrt to USB” button
b
is puushed to
transferr data.
ng data on PC
P
Openin
The measurement data
d can now
w be transfeerred to a PC. When oppening a filee from the USB
U
he followingg
memoryy stick do th
 Open the filee you want to
t view
 Open the chaart or the datta folder. Data
D are openned in a texxt file.
Openin
ng data in Excel
E
To openn data in Exxcel the folloowing proceedure has too be followeed:
 Right click with
w mouse on
o the file name
n
 Open with
 Exxcel
Data aree now opened in Excel.
Data onn RL, DC (daaylight conttrast), markkings width, number of working RP
PMs and GP
PS coordinatees can be seeen.
Transfeer of video to PC
The external hard disk
d is inserrted in the USB
U port onn the Processsor and the “Export moovie”
button iis pushed to
o transfer daata. Preparin
ng of the traansfer may take
t
up to one minute. Transfer of daata may takke from seveeral minutess to a few hoours dependding on the amount of video
v
to
be transsferred.
ng video on PC
Openin
After coompleting thhe movie exxport, the exxternal USB
B hard drivee can be unpplugged from
m the
LTL-M. The exporrted movie is
i a compressed video file
f encoded
d with the DivX
D
codec.
w the movie, one has too open the fiile within a suitable viddeo player, for instancee VLC
To view
player from
f
VideoL
Lan, but maany other prrograms willl properly also
a supportt the codec and
play thee file.
n of data frrom Processsor
Deletion
Data stoored in the processor
p
caan be deleteed in two waays
 Delete a Series ID on thee Series pagge
 Delete a Userr ID on the Users page
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
33
SECTION 4
MAINTENANCE
General care
The retroreflectometer is constructed for outdoor use in ordinary weather conditions (IP 65).
It will stand moist weather with wet roads. The LTL-M retroreflectometer is an optical instrument and shall be handled as such. Avoid shock if possible.
Protection windows
The protection windows on the Sensor are accessible from the front of the instrument. The
windows should by cleaned using a soft cloth and some window cleaning liquid. Keep the
windows clean at any time. If the windows are scratched or broken they need to be changed.
See Appendix E for details.
Note:
If the protection windows are dirty or damaged it will have a direct effect on the
measurement result
Note:
Make sure the window is clean at time of calibration or wrong calibration will be made
Lamp system
The lamp system as such does not need maintenance but need to be changed when the system
comes to an end of its lifetime. The lamp system is estimated to run approx. 1.500 hours. The
LTL-M system has a build-in warning when 1.500 hours has been reach and a change of lamp
is recommended. The build-in warning / flash time left can be seen on “Tools Page”, “Flash
Unit”.
Cleaning
Cleaning of the LTL-M system sensor, processor and calibration target can be done with a
moist cloth. No high pressure cleaning is to be used.
Storage
The instrument system
The LTL-M instrument system is recommended kept in the transportation boxes when not in
use. Make sure the parts are clean and dry when stored.
The calibration target
The LTL-M instrument calibration target is recommended kept in the transportation boxes
when not in use. Make sure the parts are clean and dry when stored.
It is recommended to have a re-calibration of the calibration block done every 1 – 2 years or
when the block has become dirty or is damage beyond cleaning or repair. The alternative to
re-calibration is to change the calibration block. Contact DELTA or our local dealer for further information.
AP
PPENDIX
XA
LTL-M
M Vehicle Mounting Instructions
or mountingg the LTL-M
M Retroreflectometer on
o a veThis apppendix desccribes the prrocedures fo
hicle
s
moounting asseembly.
Figure 11: LTL-M standard
L
conssists of two assembliess for
The stanndard mounnting assembbly suppliedd with the LTL-M
mountinngs on eachh side of the vehicle. Eaach assemblly consists of
o a Mountiing tube (3), two
Mountinng Bracketss Assembly (4) and twoo sets of Moountings Brrackets Asseembly (5).
L-M is mouunted on thee Mountingss fixture (2)) which has the Interfacce plate (1) to the
The LTL
LTL-M mounted with
w M8 boltts (12).
t 1.5 degreees by removing the boolts (12) andd rotaThe offf set angle caan be changged from 0 to
i
bloock
tion of tthe interfacee plate by 180 degrees.. The characcters on the top of the interface
R=1.5/L
L=0 indicatees that if thiis side is upp and the LT
TL-M is mounted on th
he right side of the
vehicle,, the offset angle
a
is 1.5 degrees. Iff mounted onn the left sid
de the offseet angle is 0 degrees.
DELTA
LTL-M Retrooreflectometerr User Manuaal
35
Figure 22: Mounting
g height of LTL-M.
L
t yellow sensor houssing of the LTL-M
L
the road surfacce should bee set at
The disttance from the
installattion to 100 mm
m / 4.0 innch, when thhe vehicle iss loaded. The
T centerlinne of the moounting
tube shoould be approx. 190 mm
m / 7.5 inchh above the road surfacce.
Figure 33: Mountin
ng the fixturre on the vehhicle. Ensurre that the fixture
fi
is verrtical (in loaaded
conditioon) and thatt the fixture mounting tube
t
is orthoogonal to th
he driving diirection.
ded or fixed with bolts to
t the vehiccle in loadedd condition. Ensure thaat the
The fixtture is weld
side of tthe interfacee plate is veertical (see figure
f
3) beefore weldinng the mounnting tube onn the
bracket assy. Also ensure, usinng e.g. a straight beam,, that the flaange of the mounting
m
tuube is
parallel to the vehiccle axis.
The flannge of the mounting
m
tubbe should not
n be mounnted so it pro
otrude the width
w
of the vehicle.
ment and ensuring fixattions of the LTL-M beffore operation
Figure: 5: Adjustm
DELTA
LTL-XL Retroreflecctometer
37
Checklist for adjustment and ensuring fixation before operations of the
LTL-M (figure 5):


Loosen the parts 7 (screw), 8 (nut) and 12 (screw) on figure 5. Place a level on the
sensor hosing and adjust the housing so it’s horizontal. Tighten parts 7, 8 and 12.
Adjust the height so the distance from the housing to the road surface is 100 mm / 4
inch using screws shown on the upper figure of figure 5. When this is done tighten the
locking screws.
AP
PPENDIX
XB
Mountting of the
e DMI (Distance Measuring
M
g Instrum
ment) Unitt
MI is mounteed on one of
o the vehiclle wheels too provide acccurate distaance measurrement.
The DM
MI unit conssists of a plaate, an encoder, 3 – 4 wheel
w
locks and a pole to
t be fixed to the
The DM
side of tthe vehicle. The DMI iis connected
d to the inteerface box innside the veehicle by a ccable.
The wheel locks arre available in standardd sizes 17, 19, and 21 mm.
m The plaate is availabble in
two sizees dependinng on the sizze of the vehhicle wheel.
The DM
MI has to be mounted oon one of thee wheels off the vehiclee. Depending on the dessign and
size of tthe vehicle wheels
w
and number of bolts used to
t fix the wheel
w
the whheel locks haas to be
mountedd as shown below.
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LTL-XL Retroreflecctometer
39
The wheel locks arre fixed to thhe wheels bolts
b
by firstt loosening the central knurled finger nut,
a fix it byy tightening the central knurled finnger nut.
mountinng the wheeel locks overr the bolts and
s
fixeed to the veehicle wheell the pole annd fixation cup
c is mounnted to
When thhe DMI is securely
the vehiicle so the pole
p can moove smoothlly up and doown.
MI unit is noow ready to be calibrateed and usedd.
The DM
AP
PPENDIX
XC
Mountting of the
e overhea
ad camerra
Mount the
t overheaad camera onn the insidee of the vehiicle windshiield using thhe mountingg gear
provided with the camera.
c
Moount the cam
mera as highh up as possible to provvide the bestt possible view
w of the marrkings and the
t road.
t Etherneet ports on thhe interfacee box for po
ower and moovie
Connect the camera to one of the
w the cam
mera system
m can only be
b mounted correctly.
transferr. The cable delivered with
Overheaad camera mounted
m
– seen
s
from thhe inside
Overheaad camera mounted
m
– seen
s
from th
he outside
E
Example
of video
v
with data
d overlayy
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LTL-XL Retroreflecctometer
41
AP
PPENDIX
XD
Chang
ge of lamp system
m
h unit is a hiigh voltage componentt, so please disconnect
d
all cables!
Cautionn: The Flash
U
Unscrew
thee four markked screws aat the back of
o the sensoor
Pulll / slide outt the instrum
ment of the box
b
Disconnnect the connector
To remove thhe flash uniit, unscrew the
T
t three maarked screw
ws.
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LTL-XL Retroreflecctometer
43
Pull the flash unit back……
b
…. lift the end
d and removve the flash unit
Assembble in reversse order.
mber to synchronize fllash, align and
a calibraate after insstalling new
w flash unit. See
Remem
Section 3, Tools paage 20 - 22 for details.
AP
PPENDIX
XE
Chang
ge of sensor front glass
Unsscrew the 4 screws (Torrx 20). Be careful
c
not to
t drop.
Place thee window asssembly on the table.
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LTL-XL Retroreflecctometer
45
Removve the gaskeet.
move the window, be careful
c
if thee window iss broken.
Rem
Check the
t gasket before
b
replaccing new window,
w
channge if damaaged.
Assembble in reversse order.
APPENDIX F
Error messages
If parts of the LTL-M system do not function according to specifications the system will put
out error messages. A list of error codes are listed below
TO BE COMPLETED
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LTL-XL Retroreflectometer
47
AP
PPENDIX
XG
Limita
ations in the Use of
o the LTL
L-M Syste
em
Low rettroreflectivve road maarkings
LTL-M has a cut-ooff value of retroreflection levels of
o approx. 40 mcd/lx/m
m2. This meaans that
a poor qquality markking of less than this vaalue will noot be registeered as a maarking
Sun dirrectly into the
t lens
If the suun enters thee lens directtly like at suunrise and sunset
s
LTL--M will nott be able to measure
m
correctly.
Stronglly reflectivee markingss and road surfaces
If the rooad surface gives a veryy strong retrroreflectionn in itself it may affect LTL-M’s ability
ab
to
measuree markings correctly duue to oversaaturation off the LTL-M
M system
o a CIL vaalue less thaan 0.14 can
nnot be reggistered
RPMs of
LTL-M has a CIL cut-off
c
valuue of 0.14 beeing 2% of the minimuum value off new white RPMs
m
that pooor quality RPMs below the cut-off value willl not be
accordinng to EN 14463. This means
registereed as a RPM
M.
g rain
Measurring during
LTL-M will not bee able to measure during rain.
Measurring on wett roads
LTL-M has not beeen tested meeasuring onn wet roads. When road
ds are wet thhere is a higgh risk
mount of lighht going outt and the am
mount of
of splashing on thee Sensor winndows reduccing the am
light being registerred by the caamera.
APPENDIX H
Specification for Retroreflectometer for determining the coefficient of
retroreflected luminance of pavement markings
1. MEASUREMENT PARAMETERS:
1.1. Geometry: The retroreflectometer (instrument) shall be constructed to simulate the driver observation angle found at a 30-meter distance from the marking and in accordance with ASTM
E 1710.
1.1.1. Entrance angle of 88.76 degrees
1.1.2. Observation angle of 1.05 degrees
and in accordance with EN 1436
1.1.3. Entrance angle of 1.24 degrees
1.1.4. Observation angle of 2.29 degrees
The instrument measures the retroreflection 6 m ahead of the measuring sensor: 1/5 scaled CEN /
ASTM geometry
1.2. Illumination and Detection: The instrument has a spectral response according to the V
(lambda) distribution and the illumination has a spectral emission according to standard illuminant
D65 as defined in ISO/CIE 10526.
1.3. Working Range: The instrument shall have a working range of 0 to 2,000 mcd·lx-1.m-2 for RL.
1.4. Marking Types & Conditions: The instrument shall be capable of measuring retroreflection
on white and yellow markings and on planar (flat) and profiled (textured) markings under dry and
wet conditions. The instrument shall be capable of compensating for sunlight and stray light allowing for full daylight measurements.
1.5. Marking Size: The instrument shall be measuring markings of a length of more than 1.000
mm. Markings of a width of less than 500 mm and more than 90 mm shall be measured.
1.6. Depth Ability - Profile Markings: The instrument shall have a depth ability which enables
the instrument to accurately measure profile pavement markings in accordance with profile height
/ depth of up to 1 inch / 25 mm.
1.7. Measurement Fields: The instrument shall utilize an observation field that is fully contained
within the illumination field. The instrument shall measure the retroreflection of an area of 39.4
inch / 1.000 mm in length by 39.4 inch / 1.000 mm in width.
1.8. Measurement Data: The instrument measurement shall include the following data:
1.8.1 Retroreflectivity (RL): Average RL values between 3 feet / 1 meter and unlimited length
1.8.1.1. The repeatability of measurements taken with the instrument shall be within
3% (95% confidence)*.
1.8.1.2 . The reproducibility of measurements taken with the instrument or other like
instruments shall be within 5% (95% confidence)*.
1.8.1.3. The trueness of the instrument compared to reference instrument LTL-X is
<5% as an average over 100 m marking measured (95% confidence).
1.8.1.4. The measurement system shall be providing True Visibility date, i.e. an exact
picture of what a driver in a standard vehicle would see when driving on the
same road at nighttime.
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LTL-XL Retroreflectometer
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1.8.2. Daylight contrast
1.8.3. Presence of RPM’s (Raised Pavement Markers)
1.8.4. Marking geometry: Marking length and edges;
1.8.5. Single lines, double lines individually measured;
1.8.6. GPS coordinates of measurement location with number of usable satellites, horizontal
dilution of precision and fix/no fix;
1.8.7. Date and time
1.8.8. Vehicle speed
* VTI report 675A: Evaluation of the LTL-M. Mobile measurement of road marking
Measurement data are automatically logged.
1.9. Positioning Data: The instrument shall include the following as a minimum to qualify itself
as GPS capable (optional):
1.9.1. The coordinates of the location of the instrument shall be recorded with each measurement of retroreflection.
1.9.2. The instrument will measure, display, and record, along with the position coordinates,
the number of satellites used to determine such coordinates for each reading and the horizontal dilution of precision.
1.9.3. The GPS receiver must receive all operational power from an internal supply source.
1.9.4. The GPS receiver shall be contained wholly within the retroreflectometer housing.
1.9.5. The accuracy of the GPS data under optimal conditions shall be 6.5 ft. / 2.0m CEP.
2. CALIBRATION AND ACCURACY:
The instrument shall be supplied with a calibration standard as described below.
2.1. Calibration Standard: The instrument shall be supplied with a calibration reflection standard. The standards shall be made of a durable diffuse reflector without glass beads that is uniform
and consistent across the whole reflector face. Calibration of the instrument will take a maximum
of 5 min. and can be carried out in the field. The calibration standard is traceable to PTB
(Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Germany) and/or NIST (National Institute of Standards
and Technology, USA.)
2.2. Color Correction: The instrument shall be internally color corrected to allow measurement
of white and yellow coloured markings without requiring recalibration using colored reflection
standards.
2.3. Water Spray and Stone Impact Protection: To minimize build-up of water droplets on the
optical window or stone impact (causing inaccurate readings) when taking readings a protection
cap will be offered with the instrument
3. CONSTRUCTION:
3.1. Basic Construction: The instrument consists of three parts: Sensor system, Processor and
GUI (Graphical User Interface).
3.1.1. The Sensor system is encapsulated in a metal box consisting of a 25 hz flash light,
high speed camera, built-in GPS system and various mechanical parts. The light exits
and enters through glass windows.
3.1.2. The Processor is encapsulated in a metal box consisting of a harddisk with data processing and storage capacity
3.1.3. The GUI is contained in a TabletPC.
3.2. Installation:
The instrument can be installed on any type of vehicle without need for adapting the vehicle for
the purpose. A commercial vehicle with a flat bottom is especially suited.
3.2.1. The Sensor system shall come with fitting for easy mounting on the side of a vehicle.
3.2.2. The Processor will not require special fitting for installation
3.2.3. The GUI will come with fittings for easy mounting next to the vehicle driver
With fittings mounted on the vehicle the Sensor system can be mounted and demounted within 5
min.
3.3. Power Source: The instrument shall receive power from the car 12 V battery. The instrument
will require 13.5 A for operation. Permanent
3.4. Dimensions: The instrument’s physical dimensions, excluding any detachable, folding or extending parts, shall be:
3.4.1. Sensor system: 19.7 x 7.1 x 7.9 inch / 500 x 180 x 200 mm
3.4.2. Processor: 16.0 x 6.8 x 8.0 inch / 400 x 170 x 200 mm
3.4.3. GUI: 11.6 x 7.2 x 0.6 inch / 290 x 180 x 15 mm
3.5. Weight: The weight of the Sensor system will be 12.5 kg / 28 lbs. The weight of the Processor
system will be 8 kg / 18 lbs. The weight of the GUI will be maximum 1.0 kg / 2.2 lbs.
3.6. Compliance and Technical Standards:
The instrument shall comply with the following Directives:
3.6.1. 2004/108/EC, EMC Directive
3.6.2. 2004/104/EC, Automotive Directive
3.6.3. 2006/95/EC, Low Voltage Directive
3.6.4. ROHS: Compliance to the requirement of and its exception. Directive 2002/95/EC;
2002/96/EC Annex 1A
The instrument shall comply with the following technical standards over and above what is mentioned in paragraph 1.1. Geometry
3.6.5. EN 61326:2007, EMC
3.6.6. ISO 7637-2:2002, Low Voltage
3.7. Tightness: The Sensor system shall meet the IP 65 protection level
3.8. Operating conditions:
Temperature: Operating
0o to +45oC / +32o to +113oF
Storage
-15o to +55oC / +5o to +131oF
Humidity:
Non condensing
3.9. External GPS. If required the instrument can be fitted with an external GPS unit via USB
connection.
3.10. Video camera (optional). The LTL-M system may be fitted with a video camera to record
the markings during measurement. The video image will be stored together with the measurement
data.
3.10. DMI – Distance Measurement Instrument (optional). The LTL-M system may be fitted
with a DMI to record the driven distance supporting the build-in GPS based system.
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LTL-XL Retroreflectometer
51
4. USE AND CONTROL:
4.1. Touch Screen: Control and use of the instrument shall be through the use of a touch screen
on the GUI unit. The following functions, among others, can be accessed: Set-up of the Sensor
system; Monitoring of the system, Start and stop of measurements; Enter remarks during measurements; View distance driven; View the log; Export the log.
4.2. Multilingual: The instrument shall have the self-contained ability to output display menus
and readings in English. The instrument is prepared with the ability to offer output in selected other languages.
4.3. Adjustment Options: The instrument Sensor system is able to be adjusted in the following
ways:
4.3.1. Vertical angle: Can be manually adjusted
4.3.2. Height: Can be manually adjusted
4.3.3. Side: Can be fixed at 0o and 1.5o angles.
4.4. Data Recording: The instrument Sensor system shall be able to take continuous measurements and will at a driving speed up to 55 mph / 90 kph provide 100% measurement coverage of
the marking.
4.5. Data Storage: The instrument Processor shall utilize internal non-volatile memory for storing
measurement data. The instrument shall be capable of collecting and storing the following data:
RL; GPS position; Day light contrast; Temperature, Relative humidity; Day and time; Driver ID;
Road ID; Driver made remarks. The GPS data shall be stored internally along with each retroreflectivity measurement. Series of measurements must be identifiable by a Road ID.
4.6. Data Output: Measurement data and graphs will be transferred from for Processor to the GUI
via an ethernet communication link for display. Data can be further exported to a USB drive.
4.7. Internal Error Detection: The instrument must indicate on the display whenever detectable
errors exist, such as: Lamp failure; Power supply failure; Overheating; Calibration failure.
4.8. GPS Fix: The instrument during normal use must advise the operator if the GPS fails to have
a fix when in operation.
5. EQUIPMENT:
5.1. Standard Accessories: The instrument shall be equipped completely with: Carrying case,
users manual, quick guide, fittings for Sensor system and GUI, communications cables, a calibrated calibration standard and geometry calibration.
6. SERVICE:
6.1. Change of Lamp: The instrument lamp can be changed in situ within 30 min. by the user using the instruction coming with the lamp system. After a lamp alignment and standard calibration
of the instrument carried out through the tabletPC the measurement activities can be resumed.
7. WARRANTY:
7.1. Warranty Period: The instrument shall be warranted for a period of two years against defective parts and workmanship.
APPENDIX
XI
The de
elivery
The LT
TL-M base system
Two carrrying casess on wheels with The Sensor
S
and protecting
p
cap, Processsor and calibbration
box.
Aliggnment boarrd
TabletPC with holder and charger
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LTL-XL Retroreflecctometer
53
ment fittingg with attachhment tube and angle adjuster
a
Twoo sets of vehhicle attachm
Twoo cables
D-ONS
ADD
Interface box
Oveerhead cameera
MI
DM
Threee cables