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image. The most common change is fine-tuning the white balance, which is done using the “temperature in” slider. Moving this slider left will make the color balance cooler, and moving it right will make it warmer. 1.2.2.3. Exposure correction The exposure module is probably the most basic module of them all. Exposure is fine-tuned either by using the slider, or by dragging with the mouse in the histogram. You can also boost the black level to enhance contrast; but be careful: use small amounts, like steps of 0.005. There is also an auto-correct feature. 1.2.2.4. Noise reduction The best starting point for noise reduction is profiled denoise. This module offers an almost “single-click” solution to fight noise. From a user perspective the effect only depends on camera type and ISO value, both derived from EXIF data. All other settings are taken from a database of noise profiles that the darktable team has collected - now covering already over 70 popular camera models. In addition you have several other options in darktable to reduce noise. There is raw denoise, denoising based on bilateral filter, denoising based on non-local means, and equalizer, which is based on wavelets. If your camera is not yet supported by profiled denoise, denoising based on non-local means is probably the most convenient, as it allows you to treat color and luminance noise separately. 1.2.2.5. Fixing spots Sometimes you will need to remove spots caused by sensor dirt. The spot removal module is at hand and can also correct other disturbing elements like skin blemishes. If your camera has stuck pixels or tends to produce hot pixels at high ISO values, or longer exposure times, have a look at the hot pixels module for automatic correction. 1.2.2.6. Geometrical corrections Quite frequently you want to only show part of the captured scene in your image, e.g. to take away some disturbing feature close to the frame. In other cases, the horizon in the image may need levelling, or there are perspective distortions. All this can be corrected in the crop and rotate module. If you need to correct typical camera lens flaws like cushion distortion, transversal chromatic aberrations or vignetting, there is a lens correction module. 1.2.2.7. Bringing back detail Digital RAW images often contain more information than you can see at first sight. Especially in the shadows of an image, there are lots of hidden details. The shadows and highlights module helps bring these details back into visible tonal values. Structural details in fully blown-out highlights, by nature of the digital sensor, can not be recovered. However, you can correct unfavorable color casts in these areas with the highlight reconstruction module. 1.2.2.8. Adjusting global contrast Almost each workflow will cover as one basic element the adjustment of global contrast. You will want to control how the image tonal values cover the available range of your output medium. darktable offers several alternative modules to take care of that. In one of them, the tone curve module, tonal values are adjusted by constructing a gradient curve. The levels module offers a much simpler interface, with just three sliders. In addition, there is a zone system module which allows control over tonal values by zones, inspired by the work of Ansel Adams. 6